@ckeditor/ckeditor5-ui 35.2.0 → 35.3.0

package/src/template.js

@@ -2,24 +2,18 @@
  * @license Copyright (c) 2003-2022, CKSource Holding sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.
  * For licensing, see LICENSE.md or https://ckeditor.com/legal/ckeditor-oss-license
  */
-
 /**
  * @module ui/template
  */
-
 /* global document */
-
 import CKEditorError from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/ckeditorerror';
-import mix from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/mix';
-import EmitterMixin from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/emittermixin';
+import { Emitter } from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/emittermixin';
 import View from './view';
 import ViewCollection from './viewcollection';
 import isNode from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/dom/isnode';
 import { isObject, cloneDeepWith } from 'lodash-es';
 import toArray from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/toarray';
-
 const xhtmlNs = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
-
 /**
  * A basic Template class. It renders a DOM HTML element or text from a
  * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition definition} and supports element attributes, children,
@@ -56,880 +50,802 @@ const xhtmlNs = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
  *
 * @mixes module:utils/emittermixin~EmitterMixin
  */
-export default class Template {
-	/**
-	 * Creates an instance of the {@link ~Template} class.
-	 *
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def The definition of the template.
-	 */
-	constructor( def ) {
-		Object.assign( this, normalize( clone( def ) ) );
-
-		/**
-		 * Indicates whether this particular Template instance has been
-		 * {@link #render rendered}.
-		 *
-		 * @readonly
-		 * @protected
-		 * @member {Boolean}
-		 */
-		this._isRendered = false;
-
-		/**
-		 * The tag (`tagName`) of this template, e.g. `div`. It also indicates that the template
-		 * renders to an HTML element.
-		 *
-		 * @member {String} #tag
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The text of the template. It also indicates that the template renders to a DOM text node.
-		 *
-		 * @member {Array.<String|module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema>} #text
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The attributes of the template, e.g. `{ id: [ 'ck-id' ] }`, corresponding with
-		 * the attributes of an HTML element.
-		 *
-		 * **Note**: This property only makes sense when {@link #tag} is defined.
-		 *
-		 * @member {Object} #attributes
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The children of the template. They can be either:
-		 * * independent instances of {@link ~Template} (sub–templates),
-		 * * native DOM Nodes.
-		 *
-		 * **Note**: This property only makes sense when {@link #tag} is defined.
-		 *
-		 * @member {Array.<module:ui/template~Template|Node>} #children
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The DOM event listeners of the template.
-		 *
-		 * @member {Object} #eventListeners
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The data used by the {@link #revert} method to restore a node to its original state.
-		 *
-		 * See: {@link #apply}.
-		 *
-		 * @readonly
-		 * @protected
-		 * @member {module:ui/template~RenderData}
-		 */
-		this._revertData = null;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders a DOM Node (an HTML element or text) out of the template.
-	 *
-	 *		const domNode = new Template( { ... } ).render();
-	 *
-	 * See: {@link #apply}.
-	 *
-	 * @returns {HTMLElement|Text}
-	 */
-	render() {
-		const node = this._renderNode( {
-			intoFragment: true
-		} );
-
-		this._isRendered = true;
-
-		return node;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Applies the template to an existing DOM Node, either HTML element or text.
-	 *
-	 * **Note:** No new DOM nodes will be created. Applying extends:
-	 *
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition attributes},
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition event listeners}, and
-	 * `textContent` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition children} only.
-	 *
-	 * **Note:** Existing `class` and `style` attributes are extended when a template
-	 * is applied to an HTML element, while other attributes and `textContent` are overridden.
-	 *
-	 * **Note:** The process of applying a template can be easily reverted using the
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert} method.
-	 *
-	 *		const element = document.createElement( 'div' );
-	 *		const observable = new Model( { divClass: 'my-div' } );
-	 *		const emitter = Object.create( EmitterMixin );
-	 *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-	 *
-	 *		new Template( {
-	 *			attributes: {
-	 *				id: 'first-div',
-	 *				class: bind.to( 'divClass' )
-	 *			},
-	 *			on: {
-	 *				click: bind( 'elementClicked' ) // Will be fired by the observable.
-	 *			},
-	 *			children: [
-	 *				'Div text.'
-	 *			]
-	 *		} ).apply( element );
-	 *
-	 *		console.log( element.outerHTML ); // -> '<div id="first-div" class="my-div"></div>'
-	 *
-	 * @see module:ui/template~Template#render
-	 * @see module:ui/template~Template#revert
-	 * @param {Node} node Root node for the template to apply.
-	 */
-	apply( node ) {
-		this._revertData = getEmptyRevertData();
-
-		this._renderNode( {
-			node,
-			isApplying: true,
-			revertData: this._revertData
-		} );
-
-		return node;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Reverts a template {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply applied} to a DOM node.
-	 *
-	 * @param {Node} node The root node for the template to revert. In most of the cases, it is the
-	 * same node used by {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply}.
-	 */
-	revert( node ) {
-		if ( !this._revertData ) {
-			/**
-			 * Attempting to revert a template which has not been applied yet.
-			 *
-			 * @error ui-template-revert-not-applied
-			 */
-			throw new CKEditorError(
-				'ui-template-revert-not-applied',
-				[ this, node ]
-			);
-		}
-
-		this._revertTemplateFromNode( node, this._revertData );
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an iterator which traverses the template in search of {@link module:ui/view~View}
-	 * instances and returns them one by one.
-	 *
-	 *		const viewFoo = new View();
-	 *		const viewBar = new View();
-	 *		const viewBaz = new View();
-	 *		const template = new Template( {
-	 *			tag: 'div',
-	 *			children: [
-	 *				viewFoo,
-	 *				{
-	 *					tag: 'div',
-	 *					children: [
-	 *						viewBar
-	 *					]
-	 *				},
-	 *				viewBaz
-	 *			]
-	 *		} );
-	 *
-	 *		// Logs: viewFoo, viewBar, viewBaz
-	 *		for ( const view of template.getViews() ) {
-	 *			console.log( view );
-	 *		}
-	 *
-	 * @returns {Iterable.<module:ui/view~View>}
-	 */
-	* getViews() {
-		function* search( def ) {
-			if ( def.children ) {
-				for ( const child of def.children ) {
-					if ( isView( child ) ) {
-						yield child;
-					} else if ( isTemplate( child ) ) {
-						yield* search( child );
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		yield* search( this );
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * An entry point to the interface which binds DOM nodes to
-	 * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables}.
-	 * There are two types of bindings:
-	 *
-	 * * HTML element attributes or text `textContent` synchronized with attributes of an
-	 * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}
-	 * and {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}.
-	 *
-	 *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-	 *
-	 *		new Template( {
-	 *			attributes: {
-	 *				// Binds the element "class" attribute to observable#classAttribute.
-	 *				class: bind.to( 'classAttribute' )
-	 *			}
-	 *		} ).render();
-	 *
-	 * * DOM events fired on HTML element propagated through
-	 * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}.
-	 *
-	 *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-	 *
-	 *		new Template( {
-	 *			on: {
-	 *				// Will be fired by the observable.
-	 *				click: bind( 'elementClicked' )
-	 *			}
-	 *		} ).render();
-	 *
-	 * Also see {@link module:ui/view~View#bindTemplate}.
-	 *
-	 * @param {module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} observable An observable which provides boundable attributes.
-	 * @param {module:utils/emittermixin~Emitter} emitter An emitter that listens to observable attribute
-	 * changes or DOM Events (depending on the kind of the binding). Usually, a {@link module:ui/view~View} instance.
-	 * @returns {module:ui/template~BindChain}
-	 */
-	static bind( observable, emitter ) {
-		return {
-			to( eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute, callback ) {
-				return new TemplateToBinding( {
-					eventNameOrFunction: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
-					attribute: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
-					observable, emitter, callback
-				} );
-			},
-
-			if( attribute, valueIfTrue, callback ) {
-				return new TemplateIfBinding( {
-					observable, emitter, attribute, valueIfTrue, callback
-				} );
-			}
-		};
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Extends an existing {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance with some additional content
-	 * from another {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
-	 *
-	 *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-	 *
-	 *		const template = new Template( {
-	 *			tag: 'p',
-	 *			attributes: {
-	 *				class: 'a',
-	 *				data-x: bind.to( 'foo' )
-	 *			},
-	 *			children: [
-	 *				{
-	 *					tag: 'span',
-	 *					attributes: {
-	 *						class: 'b'
-	 *					},
-	 *					children: [
-	 *						'Span'
-	 *					]
-	 *				}
-	 *			]
-	 *		 } );
-	 *
-	 *		// Instance-level extension.
-	 *		Template.extend( template, {
-	 *			attributes: {
-	 *				class: 'b',
-	 *				data-x: bind.to( 'bar' )
-	 *			},
-	 *			children: [
-	 *				{
-	 *					attributes: {
-	 *						class: 'c'
-	 *					}
-	 *				}
-	 *			]
-	 *		} );
-	 *
-	 *		// Child extension.
-	 *		Template.extend( template.children[ 0 ], {
-	 *			attributes: {
-	 *				class: 'd'
-	 *			}
-	 *		} );
-	 *
-	 * the `outerHTML` of `template.render()` is:
-	 *
-	 *		<p class="a b" data-x="{ observable.foo } { observable.bar }">
-	 *			<span class="b c d">Span</span>
-	 *		</p>
-	 *
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~Template} template An existing template instance to be extended.
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def Additional definition to be applied to a template.
-	 */
-	static extend( template, def ) {
-		if ( template._isRendered ) {
-			/**
-			 * Extending a template after rendering may not work as expected. To make sure
-			 * the {@link module:ui/template~Template.extend extending} works for an element,
-			 * make sure it happens before {@link #render} is called.
-			 *
-			 * @error template-extend-render
-			 */
-			throw new CKEditorError(
-				'template-extend-render',
-				[ this, template ]
-			);
-		}
-
-		extendTemplate( template, normalize( clone( def ) ) );
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders a DOM Node (either an HTML element or text) out of the template.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderNode( data ) {
-		let isInvalid;
-
-		if ( data.node ) {
-			// When applying, a definition cannot have "tag" and "text" at the same time.
-			isInvalid = this.tag && this.text;
-		} else {
-			// When rendering, a definition must have either "tag" or "text": XOR( this.tag, this.text ).
-			isInvalid = this.tag ? this.text : !this.text;
-		}
-
-		if ( isInvalid ) {
-			/**
-			 * Node definition cannot have the "tag" and "text" properties at the same time.
-			 * Node definition must have either "tag" or "text" when rendering a new Node.
-			 *
-			 * @error ui-template-wrong-syntax
-			 */
-			throw new CKEditorError(
-				'ui-template-wrong-syntax',
-				this
-			);
-		}
-
-		if ( this.text ) {
-			return this._renderText( data );
-		} else {
-			return this._renderElement( data );
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders an HTML element out of the template.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderElement( data ) {
-		let node = data.node;
-
-		if ( !node ) {
-			node = data.node = document.createElementNS( this.ns || xhtmlNs, this.tag );
-		}
-
-		this._renderAttributes( data );
-		this._renderElementChildren( data );
-		this._setUpListeners( data );
-
-		return node;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders a text node out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#text}.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderText( data ) {
-		let node = data.node;
-
-		// Save the original textContent to revert it in #revert().
-		if ( node ) {
-			data.revertData.text = node.textContent;
-		} else {
-			node = data.node = document.createTextNode( '' );
-		}
-
-		// Check if this Text Node is bound to Observable. Cases:
-		//
-		//		text: [ Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ) ]
-		//
-		//		text: [
-		//			'foo',
-		//			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
-		//			...
-		//		]
-		//
-		if ( hasTemplateBinding( this.text ) ) {
-			this._bindToObservable( {
-				schema: this.text,
-				updater: getTextUpdater( node ),
-				data
-			} );
-		}
-		// Simply set text. Cases:
-		//
-		//		text: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
-		//
-		//		text: [ 'foo' ]
-		//
-		else {
-			node.textContent = this.text.join( '' );
-		}
-
-		return node;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders HTML element attributes out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderAttributes( data ) {
-		let attrName, attrValue, domAttrValue, attrNs;
-
-		if ( !this.attributes ) {
-			return;
-		}
-
-		const node = data.node;
-		const revertData = data.revertData;
-
-		for ( attrName in this.attributes ) {
-			// Current attribute value in DOM.
-			domAttrValue = node.getAttribute( attrName );
-
-			// The value to be set.
-			attrValue = this.attributes[ attrName ];
-
-			// Save revert data.
-			if ( revertData ) {
-				revertData.attributes[ attrName ] = domAttrValue;
-			}
-
-			// Detect custom namespace:
-			//
-			//		class: {
-			//			ns: 'abc',
-			//			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-			//		}
-			//
-			attrNs = ( isObject( attrValue[ 0 ] ) && attrValue[ 0 ].ns ) ? attrValue[ 0 ].ns : null;
-
-			// Activate binding if one is found. Cases:
-			//
-			//		class: [
-			//			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-			//		]
-			//
-			//		class: [
-			//			'bar',
-			//			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
-			//			'baz'
-			//		]
-			//
-			//		class: {
-			//			ns: 'abc',
-			//			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-			//		}
-			//
-			if ( hasTemplateBinding( attrValue ) ) {
-				// Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
-				//
-				//		class: {
-				//			ns: 'abc',
-				//			value: [ ... ]
-				//		}
-				//
-				const valueToBind = attrNs ? attrValue[ 0 ].value : attrValue;
-
-				// Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
-				// don't override them.
-				if ( revertData && shouldExtend( attrName ) ) {
-					valueToBind.unshift( domAttrValue );
-				}
-
-				this._bindToObservable( {
-					schema: valueToBind,
-					updater: getAttributeUpdater( node, attrName, attrNs ),
-					data
-				} );
-			}
-
-			// Style attribute could be an Object so it needs to be parsed in a specific way.
-			//
-			//		style: {
-			//			width: '100px',
-			//			height: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-			//		}
-			//
-			else if ( attrName == 'style' && typeof attrValue[ 0 ] !== 'string' ) {
-				this._renderStyleAttribute( attrValue[ 0 ], data );
-			}
-
-			// Otherwise simply set the static attribute:
-			//
-			//		class: [ 'foo' ]
-			//
-			//		class: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
-			//
-			//		class: [
-			//			{
-			//				ns: 'abc',
-			//				value: [ 'foo' ]
-			//			}
-			//		]
-			//
-			else {
-				// Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
-				// don't override them.
-				if ( revertData && domAttrValue && shouldExtend( attrName ) ) {
-					attrValue.unshift( domAttrValue );
-				}
-
-				attrValue = attrValue
-					// Retrieve "values" from:
-					//
-					//		class: [
-					//			{
-					//				ns: 'abc',
-					//				value: [ ... ]
-					//			}
-					//		]
-					//
-					.map( val => val ? ( val.value || val ) : val )
-					// Flatten the array.
-					.reduce( ( prev, next ) => prev.concat( next ), [] )
-					// Convert into string.
-					.reduce( arrayValueReducer, '' );
-
-				if ( !isFalsy( attrValue ) ) {
-					node.setAttributeNS( attrNs, attrName, attrValue );
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders the `style` attribute of an HTML element based on
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
-	 *
-	 * A style attribute is an {Object} with static values:
-	 *
-	 *		attributes: {
-	 *			style: {
-	 *				color: 'red'
-	 *			}
-	 *		}
-	 *
-	 * or values bound to {@link module:ui/model~Model} properties:
-	 *
-	 *		attributes: {
-	 *			style: {
-	 *				color: bind.to( ... )
-	 *			}
-	 *		}
-	 *
-	 * Note: The `style` attribute is rendered without setting the namespace. It does not seem to be
-	 * needed.
-	 *
-	 * @private
-	 * @param {Object} styles Styles located in `attributes.style` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderStyleAttribute( styles, data ) {
-		const node = data.node;
-
-		for ( const styleName in styles ) {
-			const styleValue = styles[ styleName ];
-
-			// Cases:
-			//
-			//		style: {
-			//			color: bind.to( 'attribute' )
-			//		}
-			//
-			if ( hasTemplateBinding( styleValue ) ) {
-				this._bindToObservable( {
-					schema: [ styleValue ],
-					updater: getStyleUpdater( node, styleName ),
-					data
-				} );
-			}
-
-			// Cases:
-			//
-			//		style: {
-			//			color: 'red'
-			//		}
-			//
-			else {
-				node.style[ styleName ] = styleValue;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Recursively renders HTML element's children from {@link module:ui/template~Template#children}.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_renderElementChildren( data ) {
-		const node = data.node;
-		const container = data.intoFragment ? document.createDocumentFragment() : node;
-		const isApplying = data.isApplying;
-		let childIndex = 0;
-
-		for ( const child of this.children ) {
-			if ( isViewCollection( child ) ) {
-				if ( !isApplying ) {
-					child.setParent( node );
-
-					// Note: ViewCollection renders its children.
-					for ( const view of child ) {
-						container.appendChild( view.element );
-					}
-				}
-			} else if ( isView( child ) ) {
-				if ( !isApplying ) {
-					if ( !child.isRendered ) {
-						child.render();
-					}
-
-					container.appendChild( child.element );
-				}
-			} else if ( isNode( child ) ) {
-				container.appendChild( child );
-			} else {
-				if ( isApplying ) {
-					const revertData = data.revertData;
-					const childRevertData = getEmptyRevertData();
-
-					revertData.children.push( childRevertData );
-
-					child._renderNode( {
-						node: container.childNodes[ childIndex++ ],
-						isApplying: true,
-						revertData: childRevertData
-					} );
-				} else {
-					container.appendChild( child.render() );
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ( data.intoFragment ) {
-			node.appendChild( container );
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Activates `on` event listeners from the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}
-	 * on an HTML element.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_setUpListeners( data ) {
-		if ( !this.eventListeners ) {
-			return;
-		}
-
-		for ( const key in this.eventListeners ) {
-			const revertBindings = this.eventListeners[ key ].map( schemaItem => {
-				const [ domEvtName, domSelector ] = key.split( '@' );
-
-				return schemaItem.activateDomEventListener( domEvtName, domSelector, data );
-			} );
-
-			if ( data.revertData ) {
-				data.revertData.bindings.push( revertBindings );
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * For a given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} containing {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
-	 * activates the binding and sets its initial value.
-	 *
-	 * Note: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} can be for HTML element attributes or
-	 * text node `textContent`.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {Object} options Binding options.
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} options.schema
-	 * @param {Function} options.updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} options.data Rendering data.
-	 */
-	_bindToObservable( { schema, updater, data } ) {
-		const revertData = data.revertData;
-
-		// Set initial values.
-		syncValueSchemaValue( schema, updater, data );
-
-		const revertBindings = schema
-			// Filter "falsy" (false, undefined, null, '') value schema components out.
-			.filter( item => !isFalsy( item ) )
-			// Filter inactive bindings from schema, like static strings ('foo'), numbers (42), etc.
-			.filter( item => item.observable )
-			// Once only the actual binding are left, let the emitter listen to observable change:attribute event.
-			// TODO: Reduce the number of listeners attached as many bindings may listen
-			// to the same observable attribute.
-			.map( templateBinding => templateBinding.activateAttributeListener( schema, updater, data ) );
-
-		if ( revertData ) {
-			revertData.bindings.push( revertBindings );
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Reverts {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData template data} from a node to
-	 * return it to the original state.
-	 *
-	 * @protected
-	 * @param {HTMLElement|Text} node A node to be reverted.
-	 * @param {Object} revertData An object that stores information about what changes have been made by
-	 * {@link #apply} to the node. See {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData} for more information.
-	 */
-	_revertTemplateFromNode( node, revertData ) {
-		for ( const binding of revertData.bindings ) {
-			// Each binding may consist of several observable+observable#attribute.
-			// like the following has 2:
-			//
-			//		class: [
-			//			'x',
-			//			bind.to( 'foo' ),
-			//			'y',
-			//			bind.to( 'bar' )
-			//		]
-			//
-			for ( const revertBinding of binding ) {
-				revertBinding();
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ( revertData.text ) {
-			node.textContent = revertData.text;
-
-			return;
-		}
-
-		for ( const attrName in revertData.attributes ) {
-			const attrValue = revertData.attributes[ attrName ];
-
-			// When the attribute has **not** been set before #apply().
-			if ( attrValue === null ) {
-				node.removeAttribute( attrName );
-			} else {
-				node.setAttribute( attrName, attrValue );
-			}
-		}
-
-		for ( let i = 0; i < revertData.children.length; ++i ) {
-			this._revertTemplateFromNode( node.childNodes[ i ], revertData.children[ i ] );
-		}
-	}
+export default class Template extends Emitter {
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of the {@link ~Template} class.
+     *
+     * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def The definition of the template.
+     */
+    constructor(def) {
+        super();
+        Object.assign(this, normalize(clone(def)));
+        /**
+         * Indicates whether this particular Template instance has been
+         * {@link #render rendered}.
+         *
+         * @readonly
+         * @protected
+         * @member {Boolean}
+         */
+        this._isRendered = false;
+        /**
+         * The tag (`tagName`) of this template, e.g. `div`. It also indicates that the template
+         * renders to an HTML element.
+         *
+         * @member {String} #tag
+         */
+        /**
+         * The text of the template. It also indicates that the template renders to a DOM text node.
+         *
+         * @member {Array.<String|module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema>} #text
+         */
+        /**
+         * The attributes of the template, e.g. `{ id: [ 'ck-id' ] }`, corresponding with
+         * the attributes of an HTML element.
+         *
+         * **Note**: This property only makes sense when {@link #tag} is defined.
+         *
+         * @member {Object} #attributes
+         */
+        /**
+         * The children of the template. They can be either:
+         * * independent instances of {@link ~Template} (sub–templates),
+         * * native DOM Nodes.
+         *
+         * **Note**: This property only makes sense when {@link #tag} is defined.
+         *
+         * @member {Array.<module:ui/template~Template|Node>} #children
+         */
+        /**
+         * The DOM event listeners of the template.
+         *
+         * @member {Object} #eventListeners
+         */
+        /**
+         * The data used by the {@link #revert} method to restore a node to its original state.
+         *
+         * See: {@link #apply}.
+         *
+         * @readonly
+         * @protected
+         * @member {module:ui/template~RenderData}
+         */
+        this._revertData = null;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a DOM Node (an HTML element or text) out of the template.
+     *
+     *		const domNode = new Template( { ... } ).render();
+     *
+     * See: {@link #apply}.
+     *
+     * @returns {HTMLElement|Text}
+     */
+    render() {
+        const node = this._renderNode({
+            intoFragment: true
+        });
+        this._isRendered = true;
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Applies the template to an existing DOM Node, either HTML element or text.
+     *
+     * **Note:** No new DOM nodes will be created. Applying extends:
+     *
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition attributes},
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition event listeners}, and
+     * `textContent` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition children} only.
+     *
+     * **Note:** Existing `class` and `style` attributes are extended when a template
+     * is applied to an HTML element, while other attributes and `textContent` are overridden.
+     *
+     * **Note:** The process of applying a template can be easily reverted using the
+     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert} method.
+     *
+     *		const element = document.createElement( 'div' );
+     *		const observable = new Model( { divClass: 'my-div' } );
+     *		const emitter = Object.create( EmitterMixin );
+     *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     *		new Template( {
+     *			attributes: {
+     *				id: 'first-div',
+     *				class: bind.to( 'divClass' )
+     *			},
+     *			on: {
+     *				click: bind( 'elementClicked' ) // Will be fired by the observable.
+     *			},
+     *			children: [
+     *				'Div text.'
+     *			]
+     *		} ).apply( element );
+     *
+     *		console.log( element.outerHTML ); // -> '<div id="first-div" class="my-div"></div>'
+     *
+     * @see module:ui/template~Template#render
+     * @see module:ui/template~Template#revert
+     * @param {Node} node Root node for the template to apply.
+     */
+    apply(node) {
+        this._revertData = getEmptyRevertData();
+        this._renderNode({
+            node,
+            intoFragment: false,
+            isApplying: true,
+            revertData: this._revertData
+        });
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reverts a template {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply applied} to a DOM node.
+     *
+     * @param {Node} node The root node for the template to revert. In most of the cases, it is the
+     * same node used by {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply}.
+     */
+    revert(node) {
+        if (!this._revertData) {
+            /**
+             * Attempting to revert a template which has not been applied yet.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-revert-not-applied
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-revert-not-applied', [this, node]);
+        }
+        this._revertTemplateFromNode(node, this._revertData);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns an iterator which traverses the template in search of {@link module:ui/view~View}
+     * instances and returns them one by one.
+     *
+     *		const viewFoo = new View();
+     *		const viewBar = new View();
+     *		const viewBaz = new View();
+     *		const template = new Template( {
+     *			tag: 'div',
+     *			children: [
+     *				viewFoo,
+     *				{
+     *					tag: 'div',
+     *					children: [
+     *						viewBar
+     *					]
+     *				},
+     *				viewBaz
+     *			]
+     *		} );
+     *
+     *		// Logs: viewFoo, viewBar, viewBaz
+     *		for ( const view of template.getViews() ) {
+     *			console.log( view );
+     *		}
+     *
+     * @returns {Iterable.<module:ui/view~View>}
+     */
+    *getViews() {
+        function* search(def) {
+            if (def.children) {
+                for (const child of def.children) {
+                    if (isView(child)) {
+                        yield child;
+                    }
+                    else if (isTemplate(child)) {
+                        yield* search(child);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        yield* search(this);
+    }
+    /**
+     * An entry point to the interface which binds DOM nodes to
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables}.
+     * There are two types of bindings:
+     *
+     * * HTML element attributes or text `textContent` synchronized with attributes of an
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}
+     * and {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}.
+     *
+     *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     *		new Template( {
+     *			attributes: {
+     *				// Binds the element "class" attribute to observable#classAttribute.
+     *				class: bind.to( 'classAttribute' )
+     *			}
+     *		} ).render();
+     *
+     * * DOM events fired on HTML element propagated through
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}.
+     *
+     *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     *		new Template( {
+     *			on: {
+     *				// Will be fired by the observable.
+     *				click: bind( 'elementClicked' )
+     *			}
+     *		} ).render();
+     *
+     * Also see {@link module:ui/view~View#bindTemplate}.
+     *
+     * @param {module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} observable An observable which provides boundable attributes.
+     * @param {module:utils/emittermixin~Emitter} emitter An emitter that listens to observable attribute
+     * changes or DOM Events (depending on the kind of the binding). Usually, a {@link module:ui/view~View} instance.
+     * @returns {module:ui/template~BindChain}
+     */
+    static bind(observable, emitter) {
+        return {
+            to(eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute, callback) {
+                return new TemplateToBinding({
+                    eventNameOrFunction: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
+                    attribute: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
+                    observable, emitter, callback
+                });
+            },
+            if(attribute, valueIfTrue, callback) {
+                return new TemplateIfBinding({
+                    observable, emitter, attribute, valueIfTrue, callback
+                });
+            }
+        };
+    }
+    /**
+     * Extends an existing {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance with some additional content
+     * from another {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+     *
+     *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     *		const template = new Template( {
+     *			tag: 'p',
+     *			attributes: {
+     *				class: 'a',
+     *				data-x: bind.to( 'foo' )
+     *			},
+     *			children: [
+     *				{
+     *					tag: 'span',
+     *					attributes: {
+     *						class: 'b'
+     *					},
+     *					children: [
+     *						'Span'
+     *					]
+     *				}
+     *			]
+     *		 } );
+     *
+     *		// Instance-level extension.
+     *		Template.extend( template, {
+     *			attributes: {
+     *				class: 'b',
+     *				data-x: bind.to( 'bar' )
+     *			},
+     *			children: [
+     *				{
+     *					attributes: {
+     *						class: 'c'
+     *					}
+     *				}
+     *			]
+     *		} );
+     *
+     *		// Child extension.
+     *		Template.extend( template.children[ 0 ], {
+     *			attributes: {
+     *				class: 'd'
+     *			}
+     *		} );
+     *
+     * the `outerHTML` of `template.render()` is:
+     *
+     *		<p class="a b" data-x="{ observable.foo } { observable.bar }">
+     *			<span class="b c d">Span</span>
+     *		</p>
+     *
+     * @param {module:ui/template~Template} template An existing template instance to be extended.
+     * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def Additional definition to be applied to a template.
+     */
+    static extend(template, def) {
+        if (template._isRendered) {
+            /**
+             * Extending a template after rendering may not work as expected. To make sure
+             * the {@link module:ui/template~Template.extend extending} works for an element,
+             * make sure it happens before {@link #render} is called.
+             *
+             * @error template-extend-render
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('template-extend-render', [this, template]);
+        }
+        extendTemplate(template, normalize(clone(def)));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a DOM Node (either an HTML element or text) out of the template.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderNode(data) {
+        let isInvalid;
+        if (data.node) {
+            // When applying, a definition cannot have "tag" and "text" at the same time.
+            isInvalid = this.tag && this.text;
+        }
+        else {
+            // When rendering, a definition must have either "tag" or "text": XOR( this.tag, this.text ).
+            isInvalid = this.tag ? this.text : !this.text;
+        }
+        if (isInvalid) {
+            /**
+             * Node definition cannot have the "tag" and "text" properties at the same time.
+             * Node definition must have either "tag" or "text" when rendering a new Node.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-wrong-syntax
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-wrong-syntax', this);
+        }
+        if (this.text) {
+            return this._renderText(data);
+        }
+        else {
+            return this._renderElement(data);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders an HTML element out of the template.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderElement(data) {
+        let node = data.node;
+        if (!node) {
+            node = data.node = document.createElementNS(this.ns || xhtmlNs, this.tag);
+        }
+        this._renderAttributes(data);
+        this._renderElementChildren(data);
+        this._setUpListeners(data);
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a text node out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#text}.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderText(data) {
+        let node = data.node;
+        // Save the original textContent to revert it in #revert().
+        if (node) {
+            data.revertData.text = node.textContent;
+        }
+        else {
+            node = data.node = document.createTextNode('');
+        }
+        // Check if this Text Node is bound to Observable. Cases:
+        //
+        //		text: [ Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ) ]
+        //
+        //		text: [
+        //			'foo',
+        //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
+        //			...
+        //		]
+        //
+        if (hasTemplateBinding(this.text)) {
+            this._bindToObservable({
+                schema: this.text,
+                updater: getTextUpdater(node),
+                data
+            });
+        }
+        // Simply set text. Cases:
+        //
+        //		text: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
+        //
+        //		text: [ 'foo' ]
+        //
+        else {
+            node.textContent = this.text.join('');
+        }
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders HTML element attributes out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderAttributes(data) {
+        if (!this.attributes) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const node = data.node;
+        const revertData = data.revertData;
+        for (const attrName in this.attributes) {
+            // Current attribute value in DOM.
+            const domAttrValue = node.getAttribute(attrName);
+            // The value to be set.
+            const attrValue = this.attributes[attrName];
+            // Save revert data.
+            if (revertData) {
+                revertData.attributes[attrName] = domAttrValue;
+            }
+            // Detect custom namespace:
+            //
+            //		class: {
+            //			ns: 'abc',
+            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            const attrNs = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].ns : null;
+            // Activate binding if one is found. Cases:
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		]
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			'bar',
+            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
+            //			'baz'
+            //		]
+            //
+            //		class: {
+            //			ns: 'abc',
+            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            if (hasTemplateBinding(attrValue)) {
+                // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
+                //
+                //		class: {
+                //			ns: 'abc',
+                //			value: [ ... ]
+                //		}
+                //
+                const valueToBind = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].value : attrValue;
+                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
+                // don't override them.
+                if (revertData && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
+                    valueToBind.unshift(domAttrValue);
+                }
+                this._bindToObservable({
+                    schema: valueToBind,
+                    updater: getAttributeUpdater(node, attrName, attrNs),
+                    data
+                });
+            }
+            // Style attribute could be an Object so it needs to be parsed in a specific way.
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			width: '100px',
+            //			height: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            else if (attrName == 'style' && typeof attrValue[0] !== 'string') {
+                this._renderStyleAttribute(attrValue[0], data);
+            }
+            // Otherwise simply set the static attribute:
+            //
+            //		class: [ 'foo' ]
+            //
+            //		class: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			{
+            //				ns: 'abc',
+            //				value: [ 'foo' ]
+            //			}
+            //		]
+            //
+            else {
+                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
+                // don't override them.
+                if (revertData && domAttrValue && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
+                    attrValue.unshift(domAttrValue);
+                }
+                const value = attrValue
+                    // Retrieve "values" from:
+                    //
+                    //		class: [
+                    //			{
+                    //				ns: 'abc',
+                    //				value: [ ... ]
+                    //			}
+                    //		]
+                    //
+                    .map((val) => val ? (val.value || val) : val)
+                    // Flatten the array.
+                    .reduce((prev, next) => prev.concat(next), [])
+                    // Convert into string.
+                    .reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
+                if (!isFalsy(value)) {
+                    node.setAttributeNS(attrNs, attrName, value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders the `style` attribute of an HTML element based on
+     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
+     *
+     * A style attribute is an {Object} with static values:
+     *
+     *		attributes: {
+     *			style: {
+     *				color: 'red'
+     *			}
+     *		}
+     *
+     * or values bound to {@link module:ui/model~Model} properties:
+     *
+     *		attributes: {
+     *			style: {
+     *				color: bind.to( ... )
+     *			}
+     *		}
+     *
+     * Note: The `style` attribute is rendered without setting the namespace. It does not seem to be
+     * needed.
+     *
+     * @private
+     * @param {Object} styles Styles located in `attributes.style` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderStyleAttribute(styles, data) {
+        const node = data.node;
+        for (const styleName in styles) {
+            const styleValue = styles[styleName];
+            // Cases:
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			color: bind.to( 'attribute' )
+            //		}
+            //
+            if (hasTemplateBinding(styleValue)) {
+                this._bindToObservable({
+                    schema: [styleValue],
+                    updater: getStyleUpdater(node, styleName),
+                    data
+                });
+            }
+            // Cases:
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			color: 'red'
+            //		}
+            //
+            else {
+                node.style[styleName] = styleValue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Recursively renders HTML element's children from {@link module:ui/template~Template#children}.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderElementChildren(data) {
+        const node = data.node;
+        const container = data.intoFragment ? document.createDocumentFragment() : node;
+        const isApplying = data.isApplying;
+        let childIndex = 0;
+        for (const child of this.children) {
+            if (isViewCollection(child)) {
+                if (!isApplying) {
+                    child.setParent(node);
+                    // Note: ViewCollection renders its children.
+                    for (const view of child) {
+                        container.appendChild(view.element);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (isView(child)) {
+                if (!isApplying) {
+                    if (!child.isRendered) {
+                        child.render();
+                    }
+                    container.appendChild(child.element);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (isNode(child)) {
+                container.appendChild(child);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (isApplying) {
+                    const revertData = data.revertData;
+                    const childRevertData = getEmptyRevertData();
+                    revertData.children.push(childRevertData);
+                    child._renderNode({
+                        intoFragment: false,
+                        node: container.childNodes[childIndex++],
+                        isApplying: true,
+                        revertData: childRevertData
+                    });
+                }
+                else {
+                    container.appendChild(child.render());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (data.intoFragment) {
+            node.appendChild(container);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates `on` event listeners from the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}
+     * on an HTML element.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _setUpListeners(data) {
+        if (!this.eventListeners) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (const key in this.eventListeners) {
+            const revertBindings = this.eventListeners[key].map(schemaItem => {
+                const [domEvtName, domSelector] = key.split('@');
+                return schemaItem.activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data);
+            });
+            if (data.revertData) {
+                data.revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * For a given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} containing {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
+     * activates the binding and sets its initial value.
+     *
+     * Note: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} can be for HTML element attributes or
+     * text node `textContent`.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {Object} options Binding options.
+     * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} options.schema
+     * @param {Function} options.updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} options.data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _bindToObservable({ schema, updater, data }) {
+        const revertData = data.revertData;
+        // Set initial values.
+        syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
+        const revertBindings = schema
+            // Filter "falsy" (false, undefined, null, '') value schema components out.
+            .filter(item => !isFalsy(item))
+            // Filter inactive bindings from schema, like static strings ('foo'), numbers (42), etc.
+            .filter((item) => item.observable)
+            // Once only the actual binding are left, let the emitter listen to observable change:attribute event.
+            // TODO: Reduce the number of listeners attached as many bindings may listen
+            // to the same observable attribute.
+            .map(templateBinding => templateBinding.activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data));
+        if (revertData) {
+            revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reverts {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData template data} from a node to
+     * return it to the original state.
+     *
+     * @protected
+     * @param {HTMLElement|Text} node A node to be reverted.
+     * @param {Object} revertData An object that stores information about what changes have been made by
+     * {@link #apply} to the node. See {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData} for more information.
+     */
+    _revertTemplateFromNode(node, revertData) {
+        for (const binding of revertData.bindings) {
+            // Each binding may consist of several observable+observable#attribute.
+            // like the following has 2:
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			'x',
+            //			bind.to( 'foo' ),
+            //			'y',
+            //			bind.to( 'bar' )
+            //		]
+            //
+            for (const revertBinding of binding) {
+                revertBinding();
+            }
+        }
+        if (revertData.text) {
+            node.textContent = revertData.text;
+            return;
+        }
+        const element = node;
+        for (const attrName in revertData.attributes) {
+            const attrValue = revertData.attributes[attrName];
+            // When the attribute has **not** been set before #apply().
+            if (attrValue === null) {
+                element.removeAttribute(attrName);
+            }
+            else {
+                element.setAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
+            }
+        }
+        for (let i = 0; i < revertData.children.length; ++i) {
+            this._revertTemplateFromNode(element.childNodes[i], revertData.children[i]);
+        }
+    }
 }
-
-mix( Template, EmitterMixin );
-
 /**
  * Describes a binding created by the {@link module:ui/template~Template.bind} interface.
  *
  * @protected
+ * @internal
  */
 export class TemplateBinding {
-	/**
-	 * Creates an instance of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} class.
-	 *
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def The definition of the binding.
-	 */
-	constructor( def ) {
-		Object.assign( this, def );
-
-		/**
-		 * An observable instance of the binding. It either:
-		 *
-		 * * provides the attribute with the value,
-		 * * or passes the event when a corresponding DOM event is fired.
-		 *
-		 * @member {module:utils/observablemixin~ObservableMixin} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * An {@link module:utils/emittermixin~Emitter} used by the binding to:
-		 *
-		 * * listen to the attribute change in the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable},
-		 * * or listen to the event in the DOM.
-		 *
-		 * @member {module:utils/emittermixin~EmitterMixin} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * The name of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable observed attribute}.
-		 *
-		 * @member {String} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute
-		 */
-
-		/**
-		 * A custom function to process the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute}.
-		 *
-		 * @member {Function} [module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback]
-		 */
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the value of the binding. It is the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}. The value may be processed by the
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}, if such has been passed to the binding.
-	 *
-	 * @param {Node} [node] A native DOM node, passed to the custom {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}.
-	 * @returns {*} The value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}.
-	 */
-	getValue( node ) {
-		const value = this.observable[ this.attribute ];
-
-		return this.callback ? this.callback( value, node ) : value;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Activates the listener which waits for changes of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}, then updates the DOM with the aggregated
-	 * value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
-	 *
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} schema A full schema to generate an attribute or text in the DOM.
-	 * @param {Function} updater A DOM updater function used to update the native DOM attribute or text.
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 * @returns {Function} A function to sever the listener binding.
-	 */
-	activateAttributeListener( schema, updater, data ) {
-		const callback = () => syncValueSchemaValue( schema, updater, data );
-
-		this.emitter.listenTo( this.observable, 'change:' + this.attribute, callback );
-
-		// Allows revert of the listener.
-		return () => {
-			this.emitter.stopListening( this.observable, 'change:' + this.attribute, callback );
-		};
-	}
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} class.
+     *
+     * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def The definition of the binding.
+     */
+    constructor(def) {
+        this.attribute = def.attribute;
+        this.observable = def.observable;
+        this.emitter = def.emitter;
+        this.callback = def.callback;
+        /**
+         * An observable instance of the binding. It either:
+         *
+         * * provides the attribute with the value,
+         * * or passes the event when a corresponding DOM event is fired.
+         *
+         * @member {module:utils/observablemixin~ObservableMixin} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable
+         */
+        /**
+         * An {@link module:utils/emittermixin~Emitter} used by the binding to:
+         *
+         * * listen to the attribute change in the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable},
+         * * or listen to the event in the DOM.
+         *
+         * @member {module:utils/emittermixin~EmitterMixin} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter
+         */
+        /**
+         * The name of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable observed attribute}.
+         *
+         * @member {String} module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute
+         */
+        /**
+         * A custom function to process the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute}.
+         *
+         * @member {Function} [module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback]
+         */
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the binding. It is the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}. The value may be processed by the
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}, if such has been passed to the binding.
+     *
+     * @param {Node} [node] A native DOM node, passed to the custom {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}.
+     * @returns {*} The value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}.
+     */
+    getValue(node) {
+        const value = this.observable[this.attribute];
+        return this.callback ? this.callback(value, node) : value;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates the listener which waits for changes of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}, then updates the DOM with the aggregated
+     * value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
+     *
+     * @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} schema A full schema to generate an attribute or text in the DOM.
+     * @param {Function} updater A DOM updater function used to update the native DOM attribute or text.
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     * @returns {Function} A function to sever the listener binding.
+     */
+    activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data) {
+        const callback = () => syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
+        this.emitter.listenTo(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
+        // Allows revert of the listener.
+        return () => {
+            this.emitter.stopListening(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
+        };
+    }
 }
-
 /**
  * Describes either:
  *
@@ -939,91 +855,87 @@ export class TemplateBinding {
  * It is created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to} method.
  *
  * @protected
+ * @internal
  */
 export class TemplateToBinding extends TemplateBinding {
-	/**
-	 * Activates the listener for the native DOM event, which when fired, is propagated by
-	 * the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter}.
-	 *
-	 * @param {String} domEvtName The name of the native DOM event.
-	 * @param {String} domSelector The selector in the DOM to filter delegated events.
-	 * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
-	 * @returns {Function} A function to sever the listener binding.
-	 */
-	activateDomEventListener( domEvtName, domSelector, data ) {
-		const callback = ( evt, domEvt ) => {
-			if ( !domSelector || domEvt.target.matches( domSelector ) ) {
-				if ( typeof this.eventNameOrFunction == 'function' ) {
-					this.eventNameOrFunction( domEvt );
-				} else {
-					this.observable.fire( this.eventNameOrFunction, domEvt );
-				}
-			}
-		};
-
-		this.emitter.listenTo( data.node, domEvtName, callback );
-
-		// Allows revert of the listener.
-		return () => {
-			this.emitter.stopListening( data.node, domEvtName, callback );
-		};
-	}
+    constructor(def) {
+        super(def);
+        this.eventNameOrFunction = def.eventNameOrFunction;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates the listener for the native DOM event, which when fired, is propagated by
+     * the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter}.
+     *
+     * @param {String} domEvtName The name of the native DOM event.
+     * @param {String} domSelector The selector in the DOM to filter delegated events.
+     * @param {module:ui/template~RenderData} data Rendering data.
+     * @returns {Function} A function to sever the listener binding.
+     */
+    activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data) {
+        const callback = (evt, domEvt) => {
+            if (!domSelector || domEvt.target.matches(domSelector)) {
+                if (typeof this.eventNameOrFunction == 'function') {
+                    this.eventNameOrFunction(domEvt);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.observable.fire(this.eventNameOrFunction, domEvt);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        this.emitter.listenTo(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
+        // Allows revert of the listener.
+        return () => {
+            this.emitter.stopListening(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
+        };
+    }
 }
-
 /**
  * Describes a binding to {@link module:utils/observablemixin~ObservableMixin} created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}
  * method.
  *
  * @protected
+ * @internal
  */
 export class TemplateIfBinding extends TemplateBinding {
-	/**
-	 * @inheritDoc
-	 */
-	getValue( node ) {
-		const value = super.getValue( node );
-
-		return isFalsy( value ) ? false : ( this.valueIfTrue || true );
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * The value of the DOM attribute or text to be set if the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-	 * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable} is `true`.
-	 *
-	 * @member {String} [module:ui/template~TemplateIfBinding#valueIfTrue]
-	 */
+    constructor(def) {
+        super(def);
+        this.valueIfTrue = def.valueIfTrue;
+    }
+    /**
+     * @inheritDoc
+     */
+    getValue(node) {
+        const value = super.getValue(node);
+        return isFalsy(value) ? false : (this.valueIfTrue || true);
+    }
 }
-
 // Checks whether given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} contains a
 // {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}.
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} schema
 // @returns {Boolean}
-function hasTemplateBinding( schema ) {
-	if ( !schema ) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	// Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
-	//
-	//		class: {
-	//			ns: 'abc',
-	//			value: [ ... ]
-	//		}
-	//
-	if ( schema.value ) {
-		schema = schema.value;
-	}
-
-	if ( Array.isArray( schema ) ) {
-		return schema.some( hasTemplateBinding );
-	} else if ( schema instanceof TemplateBinding ) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	return false;
+function hasTemplateBinding(schema) {
+    if (!schema) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
+    //
+    //		class: {
+    //			ns: 'abc',
+    //			value: [ ... ]
+    //		}
+    //
+    if (schema.value) {
+        schema = schema.value;
+    }
+    if (Array.isArray(schema)) {
+        return schema.some(hasTemplateBinding);
+    }
+    else if (schema instanceof TemplateBinding) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
 }
-
 // Assembles the value using {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} and stores it in a form of
 // an Array. Each entry of the Array corresponds to one of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}
 // items.
@@ -1031,62 +943,58 @@ function hasTemplateBinding( schema ) {
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} schema
 // @param {Node} node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~ObservableMixin} changes.
 // @returns {Array}
-function getValueSchemaValue( schema, node ) {
-	return schema.map( schemaItem => {
-		// Process {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} bindings.
-		if ( schemaItem instanceof TemplateBinding ) {
-			return schemaItem.getValue( node );
-		}
-
-		// All static values like strings, numbers, and "falsy" values (false, null, undefined, '', etc.) just pass.
-		return schemaItem;
-	} );
+function getValueSchemaValue(schema, node) {
+    return schema.map(schemaItem => {
+        // Process {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} bindings.
+        if (schemaItem instanceof TemplateBinding) {
+            return schemaItem.getValue(node);
+        }
+        // All static values like strings, numbers, and "falsy" values (false, null, undefined, '', etc.) just pass.
+        return schemaItem;
+    });
 }
-
 // A function executed each time the bound Observable attribute changes, which updates the DOM with a value
 // constructed from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} schema
 // @param {Function} updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
 // @param {Node} node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~ObservableMixin} changes.
-function syncValueSchemaValue( schema, updater, { node } ) {
-	let value = getValueSchemaValue( schema, node );
-
-	// Check if schema is a single Template.bind.if, like:
-	//
-	//		class: Template.bind.if( 'foo' )
-	//
-	if ( schema.length == 1 && schema[ 0 ] instanceof TemplateIfBinding ) {
-		value = value[ 0 ];
-	} else {
-		value = value.reduce( arrayValueReducer, '' );
-	}
-
-	if ( isFalsy( value ) ) {
-		updater.remove();
-	} else {
-		updater.set( value );
-	}
+function syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, { node }) {
+    const values = getValueSchemaValue(schema, node);
+    let value;
+    // Check if schema is a single Template.bind.if, like:
+    //
+    //		class: Template.bind.if( 'foo' )
+    //
+    if (schema.length == 1 && schema[0] instanceof TemplateIfBinding) {
+        value = values[0];
+    }
+    else {
+        value = values.reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
+    }
+    if (isFalsy(value)) {
+        updater.remove();
+    }
+    else {
+        updater.set(value);
+    }
 }
-
 // Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
 // can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset `textContent`.
 // @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
 //
 // @param {Node} node DOM Node to be modified.
 // @returns {Object}
-function getTextUpdater( node ) {
-	return {
-		set( value ) {
-			node.textContent = value;
-		},
-
-		remove() {
-			node.textContent = '';
-		}
-	};
+function getTextUpdater(node) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            node.textContent = value;
+        },
+        remove() {
+            node.textContent = '';
+        }
+    };
 }
-
 // Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
 // can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset an attribute.
 // @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
@@ -1095,18 +1003,16 @@ function getTextUpdater( node ) {
 // @param {String} attrName Name of the attribute to be modified.
 // @param {String} [ns=null] Namespace to use.
 // @returns {Object}
-function getAttributeUpdater( el, attrName, ns ) {
-	return {
-		set( value ) {
-			el.setAttributeNS( ns, attrName, value );
-		},
-
-		remove() {
-			el.removeAttributeNS( ns, attrName );
-		}
-	};
+function getAttributeUpdater(el, attrName, ns) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            el.setAttributeNS(ns, attrName, value);
+        },
+        remove() {
+            el.removeAttributeNS(ns, attrName);
+        }
+    };
 }
-
 // Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
 // can be used in the context of CSSStyleDeclaration to set or remove a style.
 // @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
@@ -1114,43 +1020,39 @@ function getAttributeUpdater( el, attrName, ns ) {
 // @param {Node} node DOM Node to be modified.
 // @param {String} styleName Name of the style to be modified.
 // @returns {Object}
-function getStyleUpdater( el, styleName ) {
-	return {
-		set( value ) {
-			el.style[ styleName ] = value;
-		},
-
-		remove() {
-			el.style[ styleName ] = null;
-		}
-	};
+function getStyleUpdater(el, styleName) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            el.style[styleName] = value;
+        },
+        remove() {
+            el.style[styleName] = null;
+        }
+    };
 }
-
 // Clones definition of the template.
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def
 // @returns {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}
-function clone( def ) {
-	const clone = cloneDeepWith( def, value => {
-		// Don't clone the `Template.bind`* bindings because of the references to Observable
-		// and DomEmitterMixin instances inside, which would also be traversed and cloned by greedy
-		// cloneDeepWith algorithm. There's no point in cloning Observable/DomEmitterMixins
-		// along with the definition.
-		//
-		// Don't clone Template instances if provided as a child. They're simply #render()ed
-		// and nothing should interfere.
-		//
-		// Also don't clone View instances if provided as a child of the Template. The template
-		// instance will be extracted from the View during the normalization and there's no need
-		// to clone it.
-		if ( value && ( value instanceof TemplateBinding || isTemplate( value ) || isView( value ) || isViewCollection( value ) ) ) {
-			return value;
-		}
-	} );
-
-	return clone;
+function clone(def) {
+    const clone = cloneDeepWith(def, value => {
+        // Don't clone the `Template.bind`* bindings because of the references to Observable
+        // and DomEmitterMixin instances inside, which would also be traversed and cloned by greedy
+        // cloneDeepWith algorithm. There's no point in cloning Observable/DomEmitterMixins
+        // along with the definition.
+        //
+        // Don't clone Template instances if provided as a child. They're simply #render()ed
+        // and nothing should interfere.
+        //
+        // Also don't clone View instances if provided as a child of the Template. The template
+        // instance will be extracted from the View during the normalization and there's no need
+        // to clone it.
+        if (value && (value instanceof TemplateBinding || isTemplate(value) || isView(value) || isViewCollection(value))) {
+            return value;
+        }
+    });
+    return clone;
 }
-
 // Normalizes given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
 //
 // See:
@@ -1161,47 +1063,42 @@ function clone( def ) {
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def
 // @returns {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} Normalized definition.
-function normalize( def ) {
-	if ( typeof def == 'string' ) {
-		def = normalizePlainTextDefinition( def );
-	} else if ( def.text ) {
-		normalizeTextDefinition( def );
-	}
-
-	if ( def.on ) {
-		def.eventListeners = normalizeListeners( def.on );
-
-		// Template mixes EmitterMixin, so delete #on to avoid collision.
-		delete def.on;
-	}
-
-	if ( !def.text ) {
-		if ( def.attributes ) {
-			normalizeAttributes( def.attributes );
-		}
-
-		const children = [];
-
-		if ( def.children ) {
-			if ( isViewCollection( def.children ) ) {
-				children.push( def.children );
-			} else {
-				for ( const child of def.children ) {
-					if ( isTemplate( child ) || isView( child ) || isNode( child ) ) {
-						children.push( child );
-					} else {
-						children.push( new Template( child ) );
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		def.children = children;
-	}
-
-	return def;
+function normalize(def) {
+    if (typeof def == 'string') {
+        def = normalizePlainTextDefinition(def);
+    }
+    else if (def.text) {
+        normalizeTextDefinition(def);
+    }
+    if (def.on) {
+        def.eventListeners = normalizeListeners(def.on);
+        // Template mixes EmitterMixin, so delete #on to avoid collision.
+        delete def.on;
+    }
+    if (!def.text) {
+        if (def.attributes) {
+            normalizeAttributes(def.attributes);
+        }
+        const children = [];
+        if (def.children) {
+            if (isViewCollection(def.children)) {
+                children.push(def.children);
+            }
+            else {
+                for (const child of def.children) {
+                    if (isTemplate(child) || isView(child) || isNode(child)) {
+                        children.push(child);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        children.push(new Template(child));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        def.children = children;
+    }
+    return def;
 }
-
 // Normalizes "attributes" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
 //
 //		attributes: {
@@ -1223,16 +1120,14 @@ function normalize( def ) {
 //		}
 //
 // @param {Object} attributes
-function normalizeAttributes( attributes ) {
-	for ( const a in attributes ) {
-		if ( attributes[ a ].value ) {
-			attributes[ a ].value = toArray( attributes[ a ].value );
-		}
-
-		arrayify( attributes, a );
-	}
+function normalizeAttributes(attributes) {
+    for (const a in attributes) {
+        if (attributes[a].value) {
+            attributes[a].value = toArray(attributes[a].value);
+        }
+        arrayify(attributes, a);
+    }
 }
-
 // Normalizes "on" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
 //
 //		on: {
@@ -1251,14 +1146,12 @@ function normalizeAttributes( attributes ) {
 //
 // @param {Object} listeners
 // @returns {Object} Object containing normalized listeners.
-function normalizeListeners( listeners ) {
-	for ( const l in listeners ) {
-		arrayify( listeners, l );
-	}
-
-	return listeners;
+function normalizeListeners(listeners) {
+    for (const l in listeners) {
+        arrayify(listeners, l);
+    }
+    return listeners;
 }
-
 // Normalizes "string" {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
 //
 //		"foo"
@@ -1269,12 +1162,11 @@ function normalizeListeners( listeners ) {
 //
 // @param {String} def
 // @returns {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} Normalized template definition.
-function normalizePlainTextDefinition( def ) {
-	return {
-		text: [ def ]
-	};
+function normalizePlainTextDefinition(def) {
+    return {
+        text: [def]
+    };
 }
-
 // Normalizes text {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
 //
 //		children: [
@@ -1290,10 +1182,9 @@ function normalizePlainTextDefinition( def ) {
 //		]
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def
-function normalizeTextDefinition( def ) {
-	def.text = toArray( def.text );
+function normalizeTextDefinition(def) {
+    def.text = toArray(def.text);
 }
-
 // Wraps an entry in Object in an Array, if not already one.
 //
 //		{
@@ -1310,26 +1201,26 @@ function normalizeTextDefinition( def ) {
 //
 // @param {Object} obj
 // @param {String} key
-function arrayify( obj, key ) {
-	obj[ key ] = toArray( obj[ key ] );
+function arrayify(obj, key) {
+    obj[key] = toArray(obj[key]);
 }
-
 // A helper which concatenates the value avoiding unwanted
 // leading white spaces.
 //
 // @param {String} prev
 // @param {String} cur
 // @returns {String}
-function arrayValueReducer( prev, cur ) {
-	if ( isFalsy( cur ) ) {
-		return prev;
-	} else if ( isFalsy( prev ) ) {
-		return cur;
-	} else {
-		return `${ prev } ${ cur }`;
-	}
+function arrayValueReducer(prev, cur) {
+    if (isFalsy(cur)) {
+        return prev;
+    }
+    else if (isFalsy(prev)) {
+        return cur;
+    }
+    else {
+        return `${prev} ${cur}`;
+    }
 }
-
 // Extends one object defined in the following format:
 //
 //		{
@@ -1344,423 +1235,105 @@ function arrayValueReducer( prev, cur ) {
 // @param {Object} obj Base object.
 // @param {Object} ext Object extending base.
 // @returns {String}
-function extendObjectValueArray( obj, ext ) {
-	for ( const a in ext ) {
-		if ( obj[ a ] ) {
-			obj[ a ].push( ...ext[ a ] );
-		} else {
-			obj[ a ] = ext[ a ];
-		}
-	}
+function extendObjectValueArray(obj, ext) {
+    for (const a in ext) {
+        if (obj[a]) {
+            obj[a].push(...ext[a]);
+        }
+        else {
+            obj[a] = ext[a];
+        }
+    }
 }
-
 // A helper for {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend}. Recursively extends {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance
 // with content from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}. See {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend} to learn more.
 //
 // @param {module:ui/template~Template} def A template instance to be extended.
 // @param {module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} def A definition which is to extend the template instance.
 // @param {Object} Error context.
-function extendTemplate( template, def ) {
-	if ( def.attributes ) {
-		if ( !template.attributes ) {
-			template.attributes = {};
-		}
-
-		extendObjectValueArray( template.attributes, def.attributes );
-	}
-
-	if ( def.eventListeners ) {
-		if ( !template.eventListeners ) {
-			template.eventListeners = {};
-		}
-
-		extendObjectValueArray( template.eventListeners, def.eventListeners );
-	}
-
-	if ( def.text ) {
-		template.text.push( ...def.text );
-	}
-
-	if ( def.children && def.children.length ) {
-		if ( template.children.length != def.children.length ) {
-			/**
-			 * The number of children in extended definition does not match.
-			 *
-			 * @error ui-template-extend-children-mismatch
-			 */
-			throw new CKEditorError(
-				'ui-template-extend-children-mismatch',
-				template
-			);
-		}
-
-		let childIndex = 0;
-
-		for ( const childDef of def.children ) {
-			extendTemplate( template.children[ childIndex++ ], childDef );
-		}
-	}
+function extendTemplate(template, def) {
+    if (def.attributes) {
+        if (!template.attributes) {
+            template.attributes = {};
+        }
+        extendObjectValueArray(template.attributes, def.attributes);
+    }
+    if (def.eventListeners) {
+        if (!template.eventListeners) {
+            template.eventListeners = {};
+        }
+        extendObjectValueArray(template.eventListeners, def.eventListeners);
+    }
+    if (def.text) {
+        template.text.push(...def.text);
+    }
+    if (def.children && def.children.length) {
+        if (template.children.length != def.children.length) {
+            /**
+             * The number of children in extended definition does not match.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-extend-children-mismatch
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-extend-children-mismatch', template);
+        }
+        let childIndex = 0;
+        for (const childDef of def.children) {
+            extendTemplate(template.children[childIndex++], childDef);
+        }
+    }
 }
-
 // Checks if value is "falsy".
 // Note: 0 (Number) is not "falsy" in this context.
 //
 // @private
 // @param {*} value Value to be checked.
-function isFalsy( value ) {
-	return !value && value !== 0;
+function isFalsy(value) {
+    return !value && value !== 0;
 }
-
 // Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/view~View}
 //
 // @private
 // @param {*} value Value to be checked.
-function isView( item ) {
-	return item instanceof View;
+function isView(item) {
+    return item instanceof View;
 }
-
 // Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/template~Template}
 //
 // @private
 // @param {*} value Value to be checked.
-function isTemplate( item ) {
-	return item instanceof Template;
+function isTemplate(item) {
+    return item instanceof Template;
 }
-
 // Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/viewcollection~ViewCollection}
 //
 // @private
 // @param {*} value Value to be checked.
-function isViewCollection( item ) {
-	return item instanceof ViewCollection;
+function isViewCollection(item) {
+    return item instanceof ViewCollection;
+}
+// Checks if value array contains the one with namespace.
+function isNamespaced(attrValue) {
+    return isObject(attrValue[0]) && attrValue[0].ns;
 }
-
 // Creates an empty skeleton for {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert}
 // data.
 //
 // @private
 function getEmptyRevertData() {
-	return {
-		children: [],
-		bindings: [],
-		attributes: {}
-	};
+    return {
+        children: [],
+        bindings: [],
+        attributes: {}
+    };
 }
-
 // Checks whether an attribute should be extended when
 // {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply} is called.
 //
 // @private
 // @param {String} attrName Attribute name to check.
-function shouldExtend( attrName ) {
-	return attrName == 'class' || attrName == 'style';
+function shouldExtend(attrName) {
+    return attrName == 'class' || attrName == 'style';
 }
-
-/**
- * A definition of the {@link module:ui/template~Template}. It describes what kind of
- * node a template will render (HTML element or text), attributes of an element, DOM event
- * listeners and children.
- *
- * Also see:
- * * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} to learn about HTML element attributes,
- * * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema} to learn about DOM event listeners.
- *
- * A sample definition on an HTML element can look like this:
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *			children: [
- *				{
- *					tag: 'span',
- *					attributes: { ... },
- *					children: [ ... ],
- *				},
- *				{
- *					text: 'static–text'
- *				},
- *				'also-static–text',
- *			],
- *			attributes: {
- *				class: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema},
- *				id: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema},
- *				style: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}
- *
- *				// ...
- *			},
- *			on: {
- *				'click': {@link module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema}
- *
- *				// Document.querySelector format is also accepted.
- *				'keyup@a.some-class': {@link module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema}
- *
- *				// ...
- *			}
- *		} );
- *
- * A {@link module:ui/view~View}, another {@link module:ui/template~Template} or a native DOM node
- * can also become a child of a template. When a view is passed, its {@link module:ui/view~View#element} is used:
- *
- *		const view = new SomeView();
- *		const childTemplate = new Template( { ... } );
- *		const childNode = document.createElement( 'b' );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *
- *			children: [
- *				// view#element will be added as a child of this <p>.
- *				view,
- *
- * 				// The output of childTemplate.render() will be added here.
- *				childTemplate,
- *
- *				// Native DOM nodes are included directly in the rendered output.
- *				childNode
- *			]
- *		} );
- *
- * An entire {@link module:ui/viewcollection~ViewCollection} can be used as a child in the definition:
- *
- *		const collection = new ViewCollection();
- *		collection.add( someView );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *
- *			children: collection
- *		} );
- *
- * @typedef module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition
- * @type Object
- *
- * @property {String} tag See the template {@link module:ui/template~Template#tag} property.
- *
- * @property {Array.<module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition>} [children]
- * See the template {@link module:ui/template~Template#children} property.
- *
- * @property {Object.<String, module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema>} [attributes]
- * See the template {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes} property.
- *
- * @property {String|module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema|Array.<String|module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema>} [text]
- * See the template {@link module:ui/template~Template#text} property.
- *
- * @property {Object.<String, module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema>} [on]
- * See the template {@link module:ui/template~Template#eventListeners} property.
- */
-
-/**
- * Describes a value of an HTML element attribute or `textContent`. It allows combining multiple
- * data sources like static values and {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} attributes.
- *
- * Also see:
- * * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} to learn where to use it,
- * * {@link module:ui/template~Template.bind} to learn how to configure
- * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} attribute bindings,
- * * {@link module:ui/template~Template#render} to learn how to render a template,
- * * {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to `to()`} and {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if `if()`}
- * methods to learn more about bindings.
- *
- * Attribute values can be described in many different ways:
- *
- *		// Bind helper will create bindings to attributes of the observable.
- *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *			attributes: {
- *				// A plain string schema.
- *				'class': 'static-text',
- *
- *				// An object schema, binds to the "foo" attribute of the
- *				// observable and follows its value.
- *				'class': bind.to( 'foo' ),
- *
- *				// An array schema, combines the above.
- *				'class': [
- *					'static-text',
- *					bind.to( 'bar', () => { ... } ),
- *
- * 					// Bindings can also be conditional.
- *					bind.if( 'baz', 'class-when-baz-is-true' )
- *				],
- *
- *				// An array schema, with a custom namespace, e.g. useful for creating SVGs.
- *				'class': {
- *					ns: 'http://ns.url',
- *					value: [
- *						bind.if( 'baz', 'value-when-true' ),
- *						'static-text'
- *					]
- *				},
- *
- *				// An object schema, specific for styles.
- *				style: {
- *					color: 'red',
- *					backgroundColor: bind.to( 'qux', () => { ... } )
- *				}
- *			}
- *		} );
- *
- * Text nodes can also have complex values:
- *
- *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- *		// Will render a "foo" text node.
- *		new Template( {
- *			text: 'foo'
- *		} );
- *
- *		// Will render a "static text: {observable.foo}" text node.
- *		// The text of the node will be updated as the "foo" attribute changes.
- *		new Template( {
- *			text: [
- *				'static text: ',
- *				bind.to( 'foo', () => { ... } )
- *			]
- *		} );
- *
- * @typedef module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema
- * @type {Object|String|Array}
- */
-
-/**
- * Describes an event listener attached to an HTML element. Such listener can propagate DOM events
- * through an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} instance, execute custom callbacks
- * or both, if necessary.
- *
- * Also see:
- * * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} to learn more about template definitions,
- * * {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to `to()`} method to learn more about bindings.
- *
- * Check out different ways of attaching event listeners below:
- *
- *		// Bind helper will propagate events through the observable.
- *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *			on: {
- *				// An object schema. The observable will fire the "clicked" event upon DOM "click".
- *				click: bind.to( 'clicked' )
- *
- *				// An object schema. It will work for "click" event on "a.foo" children only.
- *				'click@a.foo': bind.to( 'clicked' )
- *
- *				// An array schema, makes the observable propagate multiple events.
- *				click: [
- *					bind.to( 'clicked' ),
- *					bind.to( 'executed' )
- *				],
- *
- *				// An array schema with a custom callback.
- *				'click@a.foo': {
- *					bind.to( 'clicked' ),
- *					bind.to( evt => {
- *						console.log( `${ evt.target } has been clicked!` );
- *					} }
- *				}
- *			}
- *		} );
- *
- * @typedef module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema
- * @type {Object|String|Array}
- */
-
-/**
- * The return value of {@link ~Template.bind `Template.bind()`}. It provides `to()` and `if()`
- * methods to create the {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observable} attribute and event bindings.
- *
- * @interface module:ui/template~BindChain
- */
-
-/**
- * Binds an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observable} to either:
- *
- * * an HTML element attribute or a text node `textContent`, so it remains in sync with the observable
- * attribute as it changes,
- * * or an HTML element DOM event, so the DOM events are propagated through an observable.
- *
- * Some common use cases of `to()` bindings are presented below:
- *
- *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'p',
- *			attributes: {
- *				// class="..." attribute gets bound to `observable#a`
- *				class: bind.to( 'a' )
- *			},
- *			children: [
- *				// <p>...</p> gets bound to observable#b; always `toUpperCase()`.
- *				{
- *					text: bind.to( 'b', ( value, node ) => value.toUpperCase() )
- *				}
- *			],
- *			on: {
- *				click: [
- *					// An observable will fire "clicked" upon "click" in the DOM.
- *					bind.to( 'clicked' ),
- *
- *					// A custom callback will be executed upon "click" in the DOM.
- *					bind.to( () => {
- *						...
- *					} )
- *				]
- *			}
- *		} ).render();
- *
- * Learn more about using `to()` in the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} and
- * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateListenerSchema}.
- *
- * @method #to
- * @param {String|Function} eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute An attribute name of
- * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} or a DOM event name or an event callback.
- * @param {Function} [callback] Allows for processing of the value. Accepts `Node` and `value` as arguments.
- * @returns {module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
- */
-
-/**
- * Binds an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observable} to an HTML element attribute or a text
- * node `textContent` so it remains in sync with the observable attribute as it changes.
- *
- * Unlike {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}, it controls the presence of the attribute or `textContent`
- * depending on the "falseness" of an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} attribute.
- *
- *		const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- *		new Template( {
- *			tag: 'input',
- *			attributes: {
- *				// <input checked> when `observable#a` is not undefined/null/false/''
- *				// <input> when `observable#a` is undefined/null/false
- *				checked: bind.if( 'a' )
- *			},
- *			children: [
- *				{
- *					// <input>"b-is-not-set"</input> when `observable#b` is undefined/null/false/''
- *					// <input></input> when `observable#b` is not "falsy"
- *					text: bind.if( 'b', 'b-is-not-set', ( value, node ) => !value )
- *				}
- *			]
- *		} ).render();
- *
- * Learn more about using `if()` in the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
- *
- * @method #if
- * @param {String} attribute An attribute name of {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} used in the binding.
- * @param {String} [valueIfTrue] Value set when the {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} attribute is not
- * undefined/null/false/'' (empty string).
- * @param {Function} [callback] Allows for processing of the value. Accepts `Node` and `value` as arguments.
- * @returns {module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
- */
-
-/**
- * The {@link module:ui/template~Template#_renderNode} configuration.
- *
- * @private
- * @interface module:ui/template~RenderData
- */
-
 /**
  * Tells {@link module:ui/template~Template#_renderNode} to render
  * children into `DocumentFragment` first and then append the fragment
@@ -1768,20 +1341,17 @@ function shouldExtend( attrName ) {
  *
  * @member {Boolean} #intoFragment
  */
-
 /**
  * A node which is being rendered.
  *
  * @member {HTMLElement|Text} #node
  */
-
 /**
  * Indicates whether the {@module:ui/template~RenderNodeOptions#node} has
  * been provided by {@module:ui/template~Template#apply}.
  *
  * @member {Boolean} #isApplying
  */
-
 /**
  * An object storing the data that helps {@module:ui/template~Template#revert}
  * bringing back an element to its initial state, i.e. before