@cj-tech-master/excelts 9.1.0 → 9.2.0

package/dist/browser/modules/pdf/builder/document-builder.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1493 @@
+/**
+ * PDF document builder — high-level API for creating PDFs with free-form content.
+ *
+ * Unlike the table-oriented `pdf()` function, this builder gives direct control
+ * over text positioning, vector drawing, images, and page management.
+ *
+ * @example Basic usage:
+ * ```typescript
+ * import { PdfDocumentBuilder } from "@cj-tech-master/excelts/pdf";
+ *
+ * const doc = new PdfDocumentBuilder();
+ * const page = doc.addPage({ width: 595, height: 842 }); // A4
+ *
+ * page.drawText("Hello, World!", { x: 72, y: 750, fontSize: 24 });
+ * page.drawRect({ x: 72, y: 700, width: 200, height: 30 });
+ * page.drawCircle({ cx: 300, cy: 400, r: 50, fill: { r: 1, g: 0, b: 0 } });
+ *
+ * const bytes = await doc.build();
+ * ```
+ */
+import { PdfContentStream } from "../core/pdf-stream.js";
+import { PdfWriter } from "../core/pdf-writer.js";
+import { PdfDict, pdfRef, pdfString, pdfNumber } from "../core/pdf-object.js";
+import { writePdfAMetadata, writePdfAOutputIntent } from "../core/pdfa.js";
+import { FontManager } from "../font/font-manager.js";
+import { parseTtf } from "../font/ttf-parser.js";
+import { wrapTextLines } from "../render/page-renderer.js";
+import { initEncryption } from "../core/encryption.js";
+import { writeImageXObject } from "./image-utils.js";
+// =============================================================================
+// Constants
+// =============================================================================
+const DEFAULT_PAGE_WIDTH = 595.28; // A4
+const DEFAULT_PAGE_HEIGHT = 841.89; // A4
+const DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE = 12;
+const DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT = 1.2;
+const BLACK = { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0 };
+// =============================================================================
+// PdfPageBuilder
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Builder for a single PDF page.
+ *
+ * Provides methods for drawing text, shapes, and images at arbitrary positions.
+ * All coordinates use PDF's coordinate system: origin at bottom-left, Y increases upward.
+ */
+export class PdfPageBuilder {
+    /** @internal */
+    constructor(width, height, fontManager) {
+        /** @internal */
+        this._stream = new PdfContentStream();
+        /** @internal */
+        this._images = [];
+        /** @internal */
+        this._annotations = [];
+        /** @internal */
+        this._builderAnnotations = [];
+        /** @internal */
+        this._formFields = [];
+        this._width = width;
+        this._height = height;
+        this._fontManager = fontManager;
+    }
+    /** Page width in points. */
+    get width() {
+        return this._width;
+    }
+    /** Page height in points. */
+    get height() {
+        return this._height;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Text
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Draw text at a specific position.
+     *
+     * @param text - The text string to draw
+     * @param options - Position, font, color, etc.
+     */
+    drawText(text, options) {
+        const fontSize = options.fontSize ?? DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE;
+        const color = options.color ?? BLACK;
+        const lineHeightFactor = options.lineHeight ?? DEFAULT_LINE_HEIGHT;
+        const bold = options.bold ?? false;
+        const italic = options.italic ?? false;
+        const fontFamily = options.fontFamily ?? "Helvetica";
+        // Resolve font
+        const resourceName = this._fontManager.resolveFont(fontFamily, bold, italic);
+        const encodedText = this._fontManager.encodeText(text, resourceName);
+        this._fontManager.trackText(text);
+        if (options.maxWidth) {
+            // Word-wrap (reuses the shared wrapTextLines from page-renderer)
+            const measure = (s) => this._fontManager.measureText(s, resourceName, fontSize);
+            const lines = wrapTextLines(text, measure, options.maxWidth);
+            const leading = fontSize * lineHeightFactor;
+            this._stream.save();
+            this._stream.setFillColor(color);
+            this._stream.beginText();
+            this._stream.setFont(resourceName, fontSize);
+            for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+                const lineY = options.y - i * leading;
+                this._stream.setTextMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, options.x, lineY);
+                const lineEncoded = this._fontManager.encodeText(lines[i], resourceName);
+                if (lineEncoded) {
+                    this._stream.showTextHex(lineEncoded);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this._stream.showText(lines[i]);
+                }
+            }
+            this._stream.endText();
+            this._stream.restore();
+        }
+        else {
+            // Single line
+            this._stream.save();
+            this._stream.setFillColor(color);
+            this._stream.beginText();
+            this._stream.setFont(resourceName, fontSize);
+            this._stream.setTextMatrix(1, 0, 0, 1, options.x, options.y);
+            if (encodedText) {
+                this._stream.showTextHex(encodedText);
+            }
+            else {
+                this._stream.showText(text);
+            }
+            this._stream.endText();
+            this._stream.restore();
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Measure text width in points.
+     */
+    measureText(text, options) {
+        const fontSize = options?.fontSize ?? DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE;
+        const fontFamily = options?.fontFamily ?? "Helvetica";
+        const bold = options?.bold ?? false;
+        const italic = options?.italic ?? false;
+        const resourceName = this._fontManager.resolveFont(fontFamily, bold, italic);
+        return this._fontManager.measureText(text, resourceName, fontSize);
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Shapes
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Draw a rectangle (filled and/or stroked).
+     */
+    drawRect(options) {
+        this._stream.save();
+        if (options.borderRadius && options.borderRadius > 0) {
+            this._stream.roundedRect(options.x, options.y, options.width, options.height, options.borderRadius);
+        }
+        else {
+            this._stream.rect(options.x, options.y, options.width, options.height);
+        }
+        this._paintPath(options.fill, options.stroke, options.lineWidth);
+        this._stream.restore();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Draw a circle (filled and/or stroked).
+     */
+    drawCircle(options) {
+        this._stream.save();
+        this._stream.circle(options.cx, options.cy, options.r);
+        this._paintPath(options.fill, options.stroke, options.lineWidth);
+        this._stream.restore();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Draw an ellipse (filled and/or stroked).
+     */
+    drawEllipse(options) {
+        this._stream.save();
+        this._stream.ellipse(options.cx, options.cy, options.rx, options.ry);
+        this._paintPath(options.fill, options.stroke, options.lineWidth);
+        this._stream.restore();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Draw a straight line.
+     */
+    drawLine(options) {
+        const color = options.color ?? BLACK;
+        const lineWidth = options.lineWidth ?? 1;
+        this._stream.save();
+        this._stream.setStrokeColor(color);
+        this._stream.setLineWidth(lineWidth);
+        if (options.dashPattern && options.dashPattern.length > 0) {
+            this._stream.setDashPattern(options.dashPattern);
+        }
+        this._stream.moveTo(options.x1, options.y1);
+        this._stream.lineTo(options.x2, options.y2);
+        this._stream.stroke();
+        this._stream.restore();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Draw a complex path from a list of path operations.
+     */
+    drawPath(ops, options) {
+        this._stream.save();
+        for (const op of ops) {
+            switch (op.op) {
+                case "move":
+                    this._stream.moveTo(op.x, op.y);
+                    break;
+                case "line":
+                    this._stream.lineTo(op.x, op.y);
+                    break;
+                case "curve":
+                    this._stream.curveTo(op.x1, op.y1, op.x2, op.y2, op.x3, op.y3);
+                    break;
+                case "close":
+                    this._stream.closePath();
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (options?.closePath) {
+            this._stream.closePath();
+        }
+        this._paintPath(options?.fill, options?.stroke, options?.lineWidth);
+        this._stream.restore();
+        return this;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Images
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Draw an image at a specific position.
+     */
+    drawImage(options) {
+        this._images.push(options);
+        // Image drawing is deferred to build time (needs object allocation)
+        // We record a placeholder name based on index
+        const imgName = `Im${this._images.length}`;
+        this._stream.drawImage(imgName, options.x, options.y, options.width, options.height);
+        return this;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Annotations
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Add an annotation to this page.
+     *
+     * Supports: Highlight, Underline, StrikeOut, Squiggly, Text (sticky note),
+     * FreeText (inline text), and Stamp.
+     */
+    addAnnotation(options) {
+        const entries = [];
+        switch (options.type) {
+            case "Highlight":
+            case "Underline":
+            case "StrikeOut":
+            case "Squiggly": {
+                const color = options.color ??
+                    (options.type === "Highlight" ? { r: 1, g: 1, b: 0 } : { r: 1, g: 0, b: 0 });
+                entries.push(["C", `[${pdfNumber(color.r)} ${pdfNumber(color.g)} ${pdfNumber(color.b)}]`]);
+                if (options.contents) {
+                    entries.push(["Contents", pdfString(options.contents)]);
+                }
+                if (options.author) {
+                    entries.push(["T", pdfString(options.author)]);
+                }
+                // QuadPoints
+                const qp = options.quadPoints ?? [
+                    options.rect[0],
+                    options.rect[1],
+                    options.rect[2],
+                    options.rect[1],
+                    options.rect[0],
+                    options.rect[3],
+                    options.rect[2],
+                    options.rect[3]
+                ];
+                entries.push(["QuadPoints", `[${qp.map(v => pdfNumber(v)).join(" ")}]`]);
+                break;
+            }
+            case "Text": {
+                const color = options.color ?? { r: 1, g: 1, b: 0 };
+                entries.push(["C", `[${pdfNumber(color.r)} ${pdfNumber(color.g)} ${pdfNumber(color.b)}]`]);
+                if (options.contents) {
+                    entries.push(["Contents", pdfString(options.contents)]);
+                }
+                if (options.author) {
+                    entries.push(["T", pdfString(options.author)]);
+                }
+                entries.push(["Name", `/${options.iconName ?? "Note"}`]);
+                if (options.open) {
+                    entries.push(["Open", "true"]);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case "FreeText": {
+                const fontSize = options.fontSize ?? 12;
+                const color = options.color ?? BLACK;
+                entries.push(["Contents", pdfString(options.contents)]);
+                entries.push([
+                    "DA",
+                    pdfString(`/Helv ${pdfNumber(fontSize)} Tf ${pdfNumber(color.r)} ${pdfNumber(color.g)} ${pdfNumber(color.b)} rg`)
+                ]);
+                if (options.borderColor) {
+                    const bc = options.borderColor;
+                    entries.push(["C", `[${pdfNumber(bc.r)} ${pdfNumber(bc.g)} ${pdfNumber(bc.b)}]`]);
+                }
+                if (options.author) {
+                    entries.push(["T", pdfString(options.author)]);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case "Stamp": {
+                entries.push(["Name", `/${options.stampName ?? "Draft"}`]);
+                if (options.color) {
+                    const c = options.color;
+                    entries.push(["C", `[${pdfNumber(c.r)} ${pdfNumber(c.g)} ${pdfNumber(c.b)}]`]);
+                }
+                if (options.contents) {
+                    entries.push(["Contents", pdfString(options.contents)]);
+                }
+                if (options.author) {
+                    entries.push(["T", pdfString(options.author)]);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        this._builderAnnotations.push({
+            subtype: options.type,
+            rect: options.rect,
+            entries
+        });
+        return this;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Form Fields
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Add a form field to this page.
+     *
+     * Supports: text input, checkbox, dropdown (combo box), and radio button groups.
+     */
+    addFormField(options) {
+        this._formFields.push({ options });
+        return this;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // SVG Path
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Draw an SVG path from a `d` attribute string.
+     *
+     * Supports all SVG path commands: M, L, H, V, C, S, Q, T, A, Z
+     * (both absolute and relative).
+     *
+     * @param d - The SVG path data string (e.g., "M10 10 L90 90 Z")
+     * @param options - Fill/stroke options
+     */
+    drawSvgPath(d, options) {
+        const ops = parseSvgPath(d);
+        return this.drawPath(ops, options);
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Raw content stream access
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Get the raw content stream for advanced operations.
+     * Use this when the high-level API doesn't cover your use case.
+     */
+    getContentStream() {
+        return this._stream;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Internal Helpers
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /** @internal */
+    _paintPath(fill, stroke, lineWidth) {
+        const hasFill = fill !== undefined;
+        const hasStroke = stroke !== undefined;
+        if (hasFill) {
+            this._stream.setFillColor(fill);
+        }
+        if (hasStroke) {
+            this._stream.setStrokeColor(stroke);
+            this._stream.setLineWidth(lineWidth ?? 1);
+        }
+        if (hasFill && hasStroke) {
+            this._stream.fillAndStroke();
+        }
+        else if (hasFill) {
+            this._stream.fill();
+        }
+        else if (hasStroke) {
+            this._stream.stroke();
+        }
+        else {
+            // Default: stroke with black, 1pt
+            this._stream.setStrokeColor(BLACK);
+            this._stream.setLineWidth(1);
+            this._stream.stroke();
+        }
+    }
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// PdfDocumentBuilder
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Builder for constructing multi-page PDF documents with free-form content.
+ *
+ * Provides fine-grained control over text positioning, vector graphics,
+ * and page management — complementing the table-oriented `pdf()` function.
+ */
+export class PdfDocumentBuilder {
+    constructor() {
+        this._pages = [];
+        this._bookmarks = [];
+        this._fontManager = new FontManager();
+        this._metadata = {};
+        this._embeddedFont = null;
+        this._pdfA = false;
+        this._signatureOptions = null;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Add a new blank page to the document.
+     *
+     * @param options - Page dimensions. Default: A4 (595.28 x 841.89 points).
+     * @returns A PdfPageBuilder for the new page.
+     */
+    addPage(options) {
+        const width = options?.width ?? DEFAULT_PAGE_WIDTH;
+        const height = options?.height ?? DEFAULT_PAGE_HEIGHT;
+        const page = new PdfPageBuilder(width, height, this._fontManager);
+        this._pages.push(page);
+        return page;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Set document metadata (title, author, etc.).
+     */
+    setMetadata(metadata) {
+        this._metadata = metadata;
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Set encryption options (AES-256).
+     */
+    setEncryption(encryption) {
+        this._encryption = encryption;
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Embed a TrueType font for Unicode/CJK support.
+     *
+     * @param fontBytes - Raw .ttf file bytes
+     */
+    embedFont(fontBytes) {
+        this._embeddedFont = fontBytes;
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Enable PDF/A compliance output.
+     *
+     * Currently supports PDF/A-1b (ISO 19005-1, Level B — visual appearance
+     * preservation). When enabled, `build()` will:
+     *
+     * - Set PDF version to 1.4
+     * - Write XMP metadata with `pdfaid:part=1` and `pdfaid:conformance=B`
+     * - Write OutputIntents with an embedded sRGB ICC profile
+     * - Add `/MarkInfo << /Marked true >>` to the catalog
+     *
+     * **Limitation:** Type1 base fonts (Helvetica, Times-Roman, Courier, etc.)
+     * are not embedded. For strict PDF/A-1b font compliance, use `embedFont()`
+     * to embed a TrueType font.
+     *
+     * @param _level - Conformance level. Currently only "1b" is supported.
+     */
+    setPdfACompliance(_level) {
+        this._pdfA = true;
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Digitally sign the PDF during `build()`.
+     *
+     * When set, `build()` will:
+     * 1. Embed a signature dictionary with placeholder in the PDF
+     * 2. Compute the byte ranges and sign with RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 + SHA-256
+     * 3. Return the fully signed PDF bytes
+     *
+     * @param options - Certificate, private key, and optional signer metadata
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * doc.sign({
+     *   certificate: certDerBytes,
+     *   privateKey: pkcs8DerBytes,
+     *   name: "John Doe",
+     *   reason: "Document approval"
+     * });
+     * const signedPdf = await doc.build();
+     * ```
+     */
+    sign(options) {
+        this._signatureOptions = options;
+        return this;
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Bookmarks & Table of Contents
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /**
+     * Add a bookmark (PDF outline entry) pointing to a specific page.
+     *
+     * @param title - Bookmark display title
+     * @param pageIndex - Zero-based page index
+     * @param parent - Index of a previously added top-level bookmark to nest under (zero-based in insertion order). Omit for top-level.
+     * @returns this for chaining
+     */
+    addBookmark(title, pageIndex, parent) {
+        const node = { title, pageIndex, children: [] };
+        if (parent !== undefined) {
+            if (parent < 0 || parent >= this._bookmarks.length) {
+                throw new RangeError(`Bookmark parent index ${parent} is out of range (0..${this._bookmarks.length - 1})`);
+            }
+            this._bookmarks[parent].children.push(node);
+        }
+        else {
+            this._bookmarks.push(node);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Generate a table of contents page with clickable entries.
+     *
+     * Each entry displays the bookmark title and a right-aligned page number,
+     * connected by a dotted leader. Entries link to their target pages.
+     *
+     * @param options - TOC formatting options
+     * @returns The created PdfPageBuilder for further customization
+     */
+    generateTableOfContents(options) {
+        const tocTitle = options?.title ?? "Table of Contents";
+        const fontSize = options?.fontSize ?? DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE;
+        const indent = options?.indent ?? 20;
+        let page = this.addPage();
+        const firstPage = page;
+        const titleFontSize = fontSize + 6;
+        const marginLeft = 72;
+        const marginRight = 72;
+        const marginBottom = 72;
+        const usableWidth = page._width - marginLeft - marginRight;
+        let cursorY = page._height - 72;
+        // Draw TOC title
+        page.drawText(tocTitle, {
+            x: marginLeft,
+            y: cursorY,
+            fontSize: titleFontSize,
+            bold: true
+        });
+        cursorY -= titleFontSize * 1.8;
+        // Draw a separator line under the title
+        page.drawLine({
+            x1: marginLeft,
+            y1: cursorY + fontSize * 0.4,
+            x2: page._width - marginRight,
+            y2: cursorY + fontSize * 0.4,
+            color: { r: 0.6, g: 0.6, b: 0.6 },
+            lineWidth: 0.5
+        });
+        cursorY -= fontSize * 0.6;
+        // Flatten bookmarks with depth info for rendering
+        const entries = [];
+        const flattenBookmarks = (nodes, depth) => {
+            for (const node of nodes) {
+                entries.push({ title: node.title, pageIndex: node.pageIndex, depth });
+                flattenBookmarks(node.children, depth + 1);
+            }
+        };
+        flattenBookmarks(this._bookmarks, 0);
+        const lineHeight = fontSize * 1.6;
+        for (const entry of entries) {
+            if (cursorY < marginBottom) {
+                // Overflow — create a continuation page
+                page = this.addPage();
+                cursorY = page._height - 72;
+            }
+            const entryX = marginLeft + entry.depth * indent;
+            // Measure title and page number
+            const pageNumStr = String(entry.pageIndex + 1);
+            const titleWidth = page.measureText(entry.title, { fontSize });
+            const pageNumWidth = page.measureText(pageNumStr, { fontSize });
+            const dotWidth = page.measureText(".", { fontSize });
+            // Draw title text
+            page.drawText(entry.title, {
+                x: entryX,
+                y: cursorY,
+                fontSize
+            });
+            // Draw page number (right-aligned)
+            const pageNumX = marginLeft + usableWidth - pageNumWidth;
+            page.drawText(pageNumStr, {
+                x: pageNumX,
+                y: cursorY,
+                fontSize
+            });
+            // Draw dot leaders between title and page number
+            const dotsStartX = entryX + titleWidth + dotWidth;
+            const dotsEndX = pageNumX - dotWidth;
+            if (dotsEndX > dotsStartX && dotWidth > 0) {
+                const dotSpacing = dotWidth * 2;
+                let dotX = dotsStartX;
+                const dots = [];
+                while (dotX + dotWidth <= dotsEndX) {
+                    dots.push(".");
+                    dotX += dotSpacing;
+                }
+                if (dots.length > 0) {
+                    page.drawText(dots.join(" "), {
+                        x: dotsStartX,
+                        y: cursorY,
+                        fontSize,
+                        color: { r: 0.6, g: 0.6, b: 0.6 }
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            // Record a link annotation for this entry
+            const annotY = cursorY - fontSize * 0.3;
+            page._annotations.push({
+                rect: [entryX, annotY, marginLeft + usableWidth, annotY + fontSize * 1.2],
+                destPageIndex: entry.pageIndex
+            });
+            cursorY -= lineHeight;
+        }
+        return firstPage;
+    }
+    /** Get all pages. */
+    get pages() {
+        return this._pages;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Build the final PDF document.
+     *
+     * @returns The PDF file as Uint8Array.
+     */
+    async build() {
+        const writer = new PdfWriter();
+        // PDF/A-1b requires PDF 1.4
+        if (this._pdfA) {
+            writer.setVersion("1.4");
+        }
+        // Register embedded font if provided
+        if (this._embeddedFont) {
+            const ttfFont = parseTtf(this._embeddedFont);
+            this._fontManager.registerEmbeddedFont(ttfFont);
+        }
+        // Write font resources
+        const fontObjectMap = this._fontManager.writeFontResources(writer);
+        const fontDictStr = this._fontManager.buildFontDictString(fontObjectMap);
+        // Build each page
+        const pageObjNums = [];
+        const pagesTreeObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+        // Pre-allocate page object numbers so annotations can reference them
+        for (let i = 0; i < this._pages.length; i++) {
+            pageObjNums.push(writer.allocObject());
+        }
+        // Track content and resource refs per page for page dict construction
+        const pageContentRefs = [];
+        const pageResourceRefs = [];
+        const allFormFieldRefs = [];
+        // Write pages with their content, resources, and annotations
+        for (let i = 0; i < this._pages.length; i++) {
+            const page = this._pages[i];
+            // Write image XObjects for this page
+            const imageXObjectMap = new Map();
+            for (let j = 0; j < page._images.length; j++) {
+                const img = page._images[j];
+                const imgName = `Im${j + 1}`;
+                const imgObjNum = this._writeImageXObject(writer, img);
+                imageXObjectMap.set(imgName, imgObjNum);
+            }
+            // Build XObject dict string
+            let xobjDictStr = "";
+            if (imageXObjectMap.size > 0) {
+                const entries = [...imageXObjectMap.entries()]
+                    .map(([name, objNum]) => `/${name} ${pdfRef(objNum)}`)
+                    .join(" ");
+                xobjDictStr = `<< ${entries} >>`;
+            }
+            // Write content stream
+            const contentObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const contentDict = new PdfDict();
+            writer.addStreamObject(contentObjNum, contentDict, page._stream);
+            pageContentRefs.push(contentObjNum);
+            // Write resources
+            const resourcesObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            let resourcesStr = "<< ";
+            if (fontDictStr) {
+                resourcesStr += `/Font ${fontDictStr} `;
+            }
+            if (xobjDictStr) {
+                resourcesStr += `/XObject ${xobjDictStr} `;
+            }
+            resourcesStr += ">>";
+            writer.addObject(resourcesObjNum, resourcesStr);
+            pageResourceRefs.push(resourcesObjNum);
+            // Write link annotations
+            const annotRefs = [];
+            for (const annot of page._annotations) {
+                const destPageObj = pageObjNums[annot.destPageIndex];
+                if (destPageObj === undefined) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const annotObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+                const rect = `[${pdfNumber(annot.rect[0])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[1])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[2])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[3])}]`;
+                const annotDict = new PdfDict()
+                    .set("Type", "/Annot")
+                    .set("Subtype", "/Link")
+                    .set("Rect", rect)
+                    .set("Border", "[0 0 0]")
+                    .set("Dest", `[${pdfRef(destPageObj)} /Fit]`);
+                writer.addObject(annotObjNum, annotDict);
+                annotRefs.push(annotObjNum);
+            }
+            // Write builder-created annotations (Highlight, Text, FreeText, Stamp, etc.)
+            for (const annot of page._builderAnnotations) {
+                const annotObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+                const rect = `[${pdfNumber(annot.rect[0])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[1])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[2])} ${pdfNumber(annot.rect[3])}]`;
+                const annotDict = new PdfDict()
+                    .set("Type", "/Annot")
+                    .set("Subtype", `/${annot.subtype}`)
+                    .set("Rect", rect)
+                    .set("F", "4"); // Print flag — annotation is printable
+                for (const [key, value] of annot.entries) {
+                    annotDict.set(key, value);
+                }
+                writer.addObject(annotObjNum, annotDict);
+                annotRefs.push(annotObjNum);
+            }
+            // Write form field widget annotations
+            for (const field of page._formFields) {
+                const { fieldRefs, annotRefs: fieldAnnotRefs } = this._writeFormFieldAnnotation(writer, field.options, pageObjNums[i]);
+                annotRefs.push(...fieldAnnotRefs);
+                allFormFieldRefs.push(...fieldRefs);
+            }
+            // Write page object (using pre-allocated obj num)
+            const pageObjNum = pageObjNums[i];
+            const mediaBox = `[0 0 ${pdfNumber(page._width)} ${pdfNumber(page._height)}]`;
+            const pageDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Type", "/Page")
+                .set("Parent", pdfRef(pagesTreeObjNum))
+                .set("MediaBox", mediaBox)
+                .set("Contents", pdfRef(contentObjNum))
+                .set("Resources", pdfRef(resourcesObjNum));
+            if (annotRefs.length > 0) {
+                pageDict.set("Annots", "[" + annotRefs.map(r => pdfRef(r)).join(" ") + "]");
+            }
+            writer.addObject(pageObjNum, pageDict);
+        }
+        // Ensure at least one page
+        if (pageObjNums.length === 0) {
+            const emptyContentObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            writer.addStreamObject(emptyContentObjNum, new PdfDict(), new Uint8Array(0));
+            const emptyResourcesObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            writer.addObject(emptyResourcesObjNum, "<< >>");
+            const pageObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const emptyPageDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Type", "/Page")
+                .set("Parent", pdfRef(pagesTreeObjNum))
+                .set("MediaBox", `[0 0 ${pdfNumber(DEFAULT_PAGE_WIDTH)} ${pdfNumber(DEFAULT_PAGE_HEIGHT)}]`)
+                .set("Contents", pdfRef(emptyContentObjNum))
+                .set("Resources", pdfRef(emptyResourcesObjNum));
+            writer.addObject(pageObjNum, emptyPageDict);
+            pageObjNums.push(pageObjNum);
+        }
+        // Pages tree
+        const kidsStr = pageObjNums.map(n => pdfRef(n)).join(" ");
+        writer.addObject(pagesTreeObjNum, new PdfDict()
+            .set("Type", "/Pages")
+            .set("Kids", `[${kidsStr}]`)
+            .set("Count", String(pageObjNums.length)));
+        // Build outline tree from bookmarks
+        let outlinesRef;
+        if (this._bookmarks.length > 0) {
+            outlinesRef = this._buildOutlines(writer, pageObjNums);
+        }
+        // Catalog — with optional PDF/A entries
+        const catalogExtras = [];
+        if (this._pdfA) {
+            // Write XMP metadata stream
+            const xmpObjNum = writePdfAMetadata(writer, this._metadata);
+            catalogExtras.push(["Metadata", pdfRef(xmpObjNum)]);
+            // Write OutputIntents with sRGB ICC profile
+            const intentObjNum = writePdfAOutputIntent(writer);
+            catalogExtras.push(["OutputIntents", `[${pdfRef(intentObjNum)}]`]);
+            // Mark as tagged (minimal structural compliance)
+            catalogExtras.push(["MarkInfo", "<< /Marked true >>"]);
+        }
+        // Build catalog — handle three cases:
+        // 1. Simple: no form fields, no signing → addCatalog()
+        // 2. Form fields only → rebuild catalog with AcroForm
+        // 3. Signing (with or without form fields) → signing path builds the catalog
+        const needsCustomCatalog = allFormFieldRefs.length > 0 || this._signatureOptions;
+        if (!needsCustomCatalog) {
+            writer.addCatalog(pagesTreeObjNum, {
+                outlinesRef,
+                extraEntries: catalogExtras.length > 0 ? catalogExtras : undefined
+            });
+        }
+        // AcroForm — if any pages have form fields (and not signing — signing path builds its own catalog)
+        if (allFormFieldRefs.length > 0 && !this._signatureOptions) {
+            const catalogObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const catalogDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Type", "/Catalog")
+                .set("Pages", pdfRef(pagesTreeObjNum));
+            if (outlinesRef) {
+                catalogDict.set("Outlines", pdfRef(outlinesRef));
+                catalogDict.set("PageMode", "/UseOutlines");
+            }
+            for (const [key, value] of catalogExtras) {
+                catalogDict.set(key, value);
+            }
+            const fieldsStr = allFormFieldRefs.map(r => pdfRef(r)).join(" ");
+            const acroFormStr = `<< /Fields [${fieldsStr}] /NeedAppearances true /DR << /Font << /Helv << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> >> >> /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >>`;
+            catalogDict.set("AcroForm", acroFormStr);
+            writer.addObject(catalogObjNum, catalogDict);
+            writer.setCatalog(catalogObjNum);
+        }
+        // Info dict
+        if (this._metadata.title ||
+            this._metadata.author ||
+            this._metadata.subject ||
+            this._metadata.creator) {
+            writer.addInfoDict(this._metadata);
+        }
+        // Encryption
+        if (this._encryption) {
+            const encState = initEncryption(this._encryption);
+            writer.setEncryption(encState);
+        }
+        // If signing is requested, we need to:
+        // 1. Add the signature dict placeholder + widget to the PDF
+        // 2. Build the PDF bytes
+        // 3. Call signPdf() to fill in the real signature
+        if (this._signatureOptions) {
+            const { buildSignatureDictPlaceholder, signPdf } = await import("../core/digital-signature.js");
+            const { dictString } = buildSignatureDictPlaceholder({
+                name: this._signatureOptions.name,
+                reason: this._signatureOptions.reason,
+                location: this._signatureOptions.location,
+                contactInfo: this._signatureOptions.contactInfo
+            });
+            // Write signature dict as indirect object
+            const sigDictObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            writer.addObject(sigDictObjNum, dictString);
+            // Write signature widget annotation
+            const sigWidgetObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const sigWidgetDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Type", "/Annot")
+                .set("Subtype", "/Widget")
+                .set("FT", "/Sig")
+                .set("Rect", "[0 0 0 0]")
+                .set("T", pdfString("Signature1"))
+                .set("V", pdfRef(sigDictObjNum))
+                .set("F", "4");
+            writer.addObject(sigWidgetObjNum, sigWidgetDict);
+            // Patch catalog to include AcroForm with SigFlags
+            // We need to rebuild the catalog with AcroForm
+            const sigCatalogObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const sigCatalogDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Type", "/Catalog")
+                .set("Pages", pdfRef(pagesTreeObjNum));
+            if (outlinesRef) {
+                sigCatalogDict.set("Outlines", pdfRef(outlinesRef));
+                sigCatalogDict.set("PageMode", "/UseOutlines");
+            }
+            for (const [key, value] of catalogExtras) {
+                sigCatalogDict.set(key, value);
+            }
+            // Merge existing form field refs with signature widget
+            const allFields = [...allFormFieldRefs, sigWidgetObjNum];
+            const fieldsStr = allFields.map(r => pdfRef(r)).join(" ");
+            // Include form field resources (NeedAppearances, DR, DA) when form fields exist
+            const hasFormFields = allFormFieldRefs.length > 0;
+            const acroFormEntries = [`/Fields [${fieldsStr}]`, "/SigFlags 3"];
+            if (hasFormFields) {
+                acroFormEntries.push("/NeedAppearances true");
+                acroFormEntries.push("/DR << /Font << /Helv << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> >> >>");
+                acroFormEntries.push("/DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g)");
+            }
+            sigCatalogDict.set("AcroForm", `<< ${acroFormEntries.join(" ")} >>`);
+            // Add signature widget to first page's annotations
+            // (We need to patch the first page dict to include the widget in /Annots)
+            // For simplicity, add it as a document-level field (already in AcroForm /Fields)
+            writer.addObject(sigCatalogObjNum, sigCatalogDict);
+            writer.setCatalog(sigCatalogObjNum);
+            const pdfWithPlaceholder = writer.build();
+            // Sign the PDF
+            return signPdf(pdfWithPlaceholder, this._signatureOptions.certificate, this._signatureOptions.privateKey);
+        }
+        return writer.build();
+    }
+    // ===========================================================================
+    // Internal Helpers
+    // ===========================================================================
+    /** @internal */
+    _writeImageXObject(writer, img) {
+        return writeImageXObject(writer, img.data, img.format);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Build a nested PDF outline (bookmark) tree.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    _buildOutlines(writer, pageObjNums) {
+        const outlinesObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+        // Allocate object numbers for all nodes (pre-order traversal)
+        const allNodes = [];
+        const allocNodes = (nodes, parentObjNum, depth) => {
+            for (const node of nodes) {
+                const objNum = writer.allocObject();
+                allNodes.push({ node, objNum, parentObjNum, depth });
+                allocNodes(node.children, objNum, depth + 1);
+            }
+        };
+        allocNodes(this._bookmarks, outlinesObjNum, 0);
+        // Group children by parent for sibling linkage
+        const childrenByParent = new Map();
+        for (const entry of allNodes) {
+            const siblings = childrenByParent.get(entry.parentObjNum);
+            if (siblings) {
+                siblings.push(entry);
+            }
+            else {
+                childrenByParent.set(entry.parentObjNum, [entry]);
+            }
+        }
+        // Count all descendants (including self) for each node
+        const countDescendants = (node) => {
+            let count = 1;
+            for (const child of node.children) {
+                count += countDescendants(child);
+            }
+            return count;
+        };
+        // Write each outline item
+        for (const entry of allNodes) {
+            const { node, objNum, parentObjNum } = entry;
+            const pageObjNum = pageObjNums[node.pageIndex];
+            if (pageObjNum === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const dict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("Title", pdfString(node.title))
+                .set("Parent", pdfRef(parentObjNum))
+                .set("Dest", `[${pdfRef(pageObjNum)} /Fit]`);
+            // Sibling linkage
+            const siblings = childrenByParent.get(parentObjNum) ?? [];
+            const idx = siblings.indexOf(entry);
+            if (idx > 0) {
+                dict.set("Prev", pdfRef(siblings[idx - 1].objNum));
+            }
+            if (idx < siblings.length - 1) {
+                dict.set("Next", pdfRef(siblings[idx + 1].objNum));
+            }
+            // Children linkage
+            const children = childrenByParent.get(objNum);
+            if (children && children.length > 0) {
+                dict.set("First", pdfRef(children[0].objNum));
+                dict.set("Last", pdfRef(children[children.length - 1].objNum));
+                // Negative count = initially closed, positive = initially open
+                const totalChildren = node.children.reduce((sum, c) => sum + countDescendants(c), 0);
+                dict.set("Count", String(-totalChildren));
+            }
+            writer.addObject(objNum, dict);
+        }
+        // Write outlines root
+        const topLevel = childrenByParent.get(outlinesObjNum) ?? [];
+        const totalCount = this._bookmarks.length;
+        const outlinesDict = new PdfDict().set("Type", "/Outlines").set("Count", String(totalCount));
+        if (topLevel.length > 0) {
+            outlinesDict.set("First", pdfRef(topLevel[0].objNum));
+            outlinesDict.set("Last", pdfRef(topLevel[topLevel.length - 1].objNum));
+        }
+        writer.addObject(outlinesObjNum, outlinesDict);
+        return outlinesObjNum;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Write form field annotation(s) as indirect objects.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    _writeFormFieldAnnotation(writer, options, pageObjNum) {
+        const fieldRefs = [];
+        const annotRefs = [];
+        if (options.type === "radio") {
+            // Radio group: one parent field + one widget per button
+            const parentObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+            const childRefs = [];
+            let ff = 1 << 15; // /Ff bit 16 = Radio
+            ff |= 1 << 14; // /Ff bit 15 = NoToggleToOff
+            if (options.readOnly) {
+                ff |= 1;
+            }
+            if (options.required) {
+                ff |= 1 << 1;
+            }
+            for (const btn of options.buttons) {
+                const childObjNum = writer.allocObject();
+                const rect = `[${btn.rect.map(v => pdfNumber(v)).join(" ")}]`;
+                const isSelected = options.selected === btn.value;
+                const apState = isSelected ? `/${btn.value}` : "/Off";
+                const childDict = new PdfDict()
+                    .set("Type", "/Annot")
+                    .set("Subtype", "/Widget")
+                    .set("Rect", rect)
+                    .set("Parent", pdfRef(parentObjNum))
+                    .set("AS", apState)
+                    .set("AP", `<< /N << /${btn.value} null /Off null >> >>`);
+                writer.addObject(childObjNum, childDict);
+                childRefs.push(childObjNum);
+            }
+            const parentDict = new PdfDict()
+                .set("FT", "/Btn")
+                .set("T", pdfString(options.name))
+                .set("Ff", String(ff))
+                .set("Kids", `[${childRefs.map(r => pdfRef(r)).join(" ")}]`);
+            if (options.selected) {
+                parentDict.set("V", `/${options.selected}`);
+            }
+            writer.addObject(parentObjNum, parentDict);
+            // Parent goes into AcroForm /Fields; children go into page /Annots
+            fieldRefs.push(parentObjNum);
+            annotRefs.push(...childRefs);
+            return { fieldRefs, annotRefs };
+        }
+        // Single-widget fields: text, checkbox, dropdown
+        const objNum = writer.allocObject();
+        const r = options.rect;
+        const rect = `[${pdfNumber(r[0])} ${pdfNumber(r[1])} ${pdfNumber(r[2])} ${pdfNumber(r[3])}]`;
+        const dict = new PdfDict()
+            .set("Type", "/Annot")
+            .set("Subtype", "/Widget")
+            .set("Rect", rect)
+            .set("T", pdfString(options.name))
+            .set("P", pdfRef(pageObjNum));
+        let ff = 0;
+        if (options.readOnly) {
+            ff |= 1;
+        }
+        if (options.required) {
+            ff |= 1 << 1;
+        }
+        switch (options.type) {
+            case "text": {
+                dict.set("FT", "/Tx");
+                if (options.multiline) {
+                    ff |= 1 << 12;
+                }
+                if (options.password) {
+                    ff |= 1 << 13;
+                }
+                if (options.maxLength !== undefined) {
+                    dict.set("MaxLen", String(options.maxLength));
+                }
+                if (options.value) {
+                    dict.set("V", pdfString(options.value));
+                }
+                // Default appearance
+                dict.set("DA", pdfString("/Helv 12 Tf 0 g"));
+                break;
+            }
+            case "checkbox": {
+                dict.set("FT", "/Btn");
+                const checked = options.checked ?? false;
+                dict.set("V", checked ? "/Yes" : "/Off");
+                dict.set("AS", checked ? "/Yes" : "/Off");
+                break;
+            }
+            case "dropdown": {
+                dict.set("FT", "/Ch");
+                ff |= 1 << 17; // Combo flag
+                if (options.editable) {
+                    ff |= 1 << 18;
+                }
+                const optStr = options.options.map(o => pdfString(o)).join(" ");
+                dict.set("Opt", `[${optStr}]`);
+                if (options.value) {
+                    dict.set("V", pdfString(options.value));
+                }
+                dict.set("DA", pdfString("/Helv 12 Tf 0 g"));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ff !== 0) {
+            dict.set("Ff", String(ff));
+        }
+        writer.addObject(objNum, dict);
+        // Single-widget fields go into both /Annots and /Fields
+        fieldRefs.push(objNum);
+        annotRefs.push(objNum);
+        return { fieldRefs, annotRefs };
+    }
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// SVG Path Parser
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Parse an SVG path `d` attribute into PathOp array.
+ *
+ * Supports all SVG path commands:
+ * - M/m (moveTo), L/l (lineTo), H/h (horizontal), V/v (vertical)
+ * - C/c (cubic Bézier), S/s (smooth cubic)
+ * - Q/q (quadratic Bézier), T/t (smooth quadratic)
+ * - A/a (elliptical arc), Z/z (close)
+ *
+ * Arc commands are approximated with cubic Bézier curves.
+ */
+export function parseSvgPath(d) {
+    const ops = [];
+    // Tokenize: split into commands + numbers
+    const tokens = d.match(/[a-zA-Z]|[-+]?(?:\d+\.?\d*|\.\d+)(?:[eE][-+]?\d+)?/g);
+    if (!tokens) {
+        return ops;
+    }
+    let i = 0;
+    let cx = 0; // current x
+    let cy = 0; // current y
+    let sx = 0; // subpath start x
+    let sy = 0; // subpath start y
+    let lastCmd = "";
+    // For smooth curves: last control point
+    let lastCpX = 0;
+    let lastCpY = 0;
+    const num = () => {
+        if (i >= tokens.length) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return parseFloat(tokens[i++]);
+    };
+    const isNum = () => {
+        if (i >= tokens.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const c = tokens[i].charCodeAt(0);
+        return c === 0x2d || c === 0x2b || c === 0x2e || (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39);
+    };
+    while (i < tokens.length) {
+        let cmd = tokens[i];
+        if (/[a-zA-Z]/.test(cmd)) {
+            i++;
+        }
+        else {
+            // Implicit repeat of last command (except M becomes L, m becomes l)
+            cmd = lastCmd === "M" ? "L" : lastCmd === "m" ? "l" : lastCmd;
+        }
+        switch (cmd) {
+            case "M":
+                cx = num();
+                cy = num();
+                ops.push({ op: "move", x: cx, y: cy });
+                sx = cx;
+                sy = cy;
+                lastCmd = "M";
+                while (isNum()) {
+                    cx = num();
+                    cy = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                }
+                break;
+            case "m":
+                cx += num();
+                cy += num();
+                ops.push({ op: "move", x: cx, y: cy });
+                sx = cx;
+                sy = cy;
+                lastCmd = "m";
+                while (isNum()) {
+                    cx += num();
+                    cy += num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                }
+                break;
+            case "L":
+                do {
+                    cx = num();
+                    cy = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "L";
+                break;
+            case "l":
+                do {
+                    const dx = num();
+                    const dy = num();
+                    cx += dx;
+                    cy += dy;
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "l";
+                break;
+            case "H":
+                do {
+                    cx = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "H";
+                break;
+            case "h":
+                do {
+                    cx += num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "h";
+                break;
+            case "V":
+                do {
+                    cy = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "V";
+                break;
+            case "v":
+                do {
+                    cy += num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "line", x: cx, y: cy });
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "v";
+                break;
+            case "C":
+                do {
+                    const x1 = num(), y1 = num(), x2 = num(), y2 = num(), x = num(), y = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "curve", x1, y1, x2, y2, x3: x, y3: y });
+                    lastCpX = x2;
+                    lastCpY = y2;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "C";
+                break;
+            case "c":
+                do {
+                    const x1 = cx + num(), y1 = cy + num(), x2 = cx + num(), y2 = cy + num();
+                    const x = cx + num(), y = cy + num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "curve", x1, y1, x2, y2, x3: x, y3: y });
+                    lastCpX = x2;
+                    lastCpY = y2;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "c";
+                break;
+            case "S":
+                do {
+                    const rx = lastCmd === "S" || lastCmd === "s" || lastCmd === "C" || lastCmd === "c"
+                        ? 2 * cx - lastCpX
+                        : cx;
+                    const ry = lastCmd === "S" || lastCmd === "s" || lastCmd === "C" || lastCmd === "c"
+                        ? 2 * cy - lastCpY
+                        : cy;
+                    const x2 = num(), y2 = num(), x = num(), y = num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "curve", x1: rx, y1: ry, x2, y2, x3: x, y3: y });
+                    lastCpX = x2;
+                    lastCpY = y2;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                    lastCmd = "S";
+                } while (isNum());
+                break;
+            case "s":
+                do {
+                    const rx = lastCmd === "S" || lastCmd === "s" || lastCmd === "C" || lastCmd === "c"
+                        ? 2 * cx - lastCpX
+                        : cx;
+                    const ry = lastCmd === "S" || lastCmd === "s" || lastCmd === "C" || lastCmd === "c"
+                        ? 2 * cy - lastCpY
+                        : cy;
+                    const x2 = cx + num(), y2 = cy + num(), x = cx + num(), y = cy + num();
+                    ops.push({ op: "curve", x1: rx, y1: ry, x2, y2, x3: x, y3: y });
+                    lastCpX = x2;
+                    lastCpY = y2;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                    lastCmd = "s";
+                } while (isNum());
+                break;
+            case "Q":
+                do {
+                    const qx = num(), qy = num(), x = num(), y = num();
+                    // Convert quadratic to cubic: CP1 = P0 + 2/3*(QP-P0), CP2 = P1 + 2/3*(QP-P1)
+                    const c1x = cx + (2 / 3) * (qx - cx), c1y = cy + (2 / 3) * (qy - cy);
+                    const c2x = x + (2 / 3) * (qx - x), c2y = y + (2 / 3) * (qy - y);
+                    ops.push({
+                        op: "curve",
+                        x1: c1x,
+                        y1: c1y,
+                        x2: c2x,
+                        y2: c2y,
+                        x3: x,
+                        y3: y
+                    });
+                    lastCpX = qx;
+                    lastCpY = qy;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "Q";
+                break;
+            case "q":
+                do {
+                    const qx = cx + num(), qy = cy + num(), x = cx + num(), y = cy + num();
+                    const c1x = cx + (2 / 3) * (qx - cx), c1y = cy + (2 / 3) * (qy - cy);
+                    const c2x = x + (2 / 3) * (qx - x), c2y = y + (2 / 3) * (qy - y);
+                    ops.push({
+                        op: "curve",
+                        x1: c1x,
+                        y1: c1y,
+                        x2: c2x,
+                        y2: c2y,
+                        x3: x,
+                        y3: y
+                    });
+                    lastCpX = qx;
+                    lastCpY = qy;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = "q";
+                break;
+            case "T":
+                do {
+                    const qx = lastCmd === "Q" || lastCmd === "q" || lastCmd === "T" || lastCmd === "t"
+                        ? 2 * cx - lastCpX
+                        : cx;
+                    const qy = lastCmd === "Q" || lastCmd === "q" || lastCmd === "T" || lastCmd === "t"
+                        ? 2 * cy - lastCpY
+                        : cy;
+                    const x = num(), y = num();
+                    const c1x = cx + (2 / 3) * (qx - cx), c1y = cy + (2 / 3) * (qy - cy);
+                    const c2x = x + (2 / 3) * (qx - x), c2y = y + (2 / 3) * (qy - y);
+                    ops.push({
+                        op: "curve",
+                        x1: c1x,
+                        y1: c1y,
+                        x2: c2x,
+                        y2: c2y,
+                        x3: x,
+                        y3: y
+                    });
+                    lastCpX = qx;
+                    lastCpY = qy;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                    lastCmd = "T";
+                } while (isNum());
+                break;
+            case "t":
+                do {
+                    const qx = lastCmd === "Q" || lastCmd === "q" || lastCmd === "T" || lastCmd === "t"
+                        ? 2 * cx - lastCpX
+                        : cx;
+                    const qy = lastCmd === "Q" || lastCmd === "q" || lastCmd === "T" || lastCmd === "t"
+                        ? 2 * cy - lastCpY
+                        : cy;
+                    const x = cx + num(), y = cy + num();
+                    const c1x = cx + (2 / 3) * (qx - cx), c1y = cy + (2 / 3) * (qy - cy);
+                    const c2x = x + (2 / 3) * (qx - x), c2y = y + (2 / 3) * (qy - y);
+                    ops.push({
+                        op: "curve",
+                        x1: c1x,
+                        y1: c1y,
+                        x2: c2x,
+                        y2: c2y,
+                        x3: x,
+                        y3: y
+                    });
+                    lastCpX = qx;
+                    lastCpY = qy;
+                    cx = x;
+                    cy = y;
+                    lastCmd = "t";
+                } while (isNum());
+                break;
+            case "A":
+            case "a": {
+                const isRel = cmd === "a";
+                do {
+                    const rx = Math.abs(num()), ry = Math.abs(num());
+                    const rotation = (num() * Math.PI) / 180;
+                    const largeArc = num() !== 0;
+                    const sweep = num() !== 0;
+                    const ex = isRel ? cx + num() : num();
+                    const ey = isRel ? cy + num() : num();
+                    arcToCurves(ops, cx, cy, rx, ry, rotation, largeArc, sweep, ex, ey);
+                    cx = ex;
+                    cy = ey;
+                } while (isNum());
+                lastCmd = cmd;
+                break;
+            }
+            case "Z":
+            case "z":
+                ops.push({ op: "close" });
+                cx = sx;
+                cy = sy;
+                lastCmd = cmd;
+                break;
+            default:
+                // Unknown command — skip
+                i++;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return ops;
+}
+/**
+ * Convert an SVG elliptical arc to cubic Bézier curves.
+ * Follows the SVG spec's endpoint-to-center arc parameterization.
+ * @internal
+ */
+function arcToCurves(ops, x1, y1, rx, ry, phi, largeArc, sweep, x2, y2) {
+    if (rx === 0 || ry === 0) {
+        ops.push({ op: "line", x: x2, y: y2 });
+        return;
+    }
+    if (x1 === x2 && y1 === y2) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const cosPhi = Math.cos(phi), sinPhi = Math.sin(phi);
+    const dx = (x1 - x2) / 2, dy = (y1 - y2) / 2;
+    const x1p = cosPhi * dx + sinPhi * dy;
+    const y1p = -sinPhi * dx + cosPhi * dy;
+    // Correct radii
+    let rxSq = rx * rx, rySq = ry * ry;
+    const x1pSq = x1p * x1p, y1pSq = y1p * y1p;
+    const lambda = x1pSq / rxSq + y1pSq / rySq;
+    if (lambda > 1) {
+        const s = Math.sqrt(lambda);
+        rx *= s;
+        ry *= s;
+        rxSq = rx * rx;
+        rySq = ry * ry;
+    }
+    // Center parameterization
+    let sq = (rxSq * rySq - rxSq * y1pSq - rySq * x1pSq) / (rxSq * y1pSq + rySq * x1pSq);
+    if (sq < 0) {
+        sq = 0;
+    }
+    let root = Math.sqrt(sq);
+    if (largeArc === sweep) {
+        root = -root;
+    }
+    const cxp = (root * rx * y1p) / ry;
+    const cyp = (-root * ry * x1p) / rx;
+    const cxr = cosPhi * cxp - sinPhi * cyp + (x1 + x2) / 2;
+    const cyr = sinPhi * cxp + cosPhi * cyp + (y1 + y2) / 2;
+    const angle = (ux, uy, vx, vy) => {
+        const dot = ux * vx + uy * vy;
+        const len = Math.sqrt(ux * ux + uy * uy) * Math.sqrt(vx * vx + vy * vy);
+        let a = Math.acos(Math.max(-1, Math.min(1, dot / len)));
+        if (ux * vy - uy * vx < 0) {
+            a = -a;
+        }
+        return a;
+    };
+    const theta1 = angle(1, 0, (x1p - cxp) / rx, (y1p - cyp) / ry);
+    let dTheta = angle((x1p - cxp) / rx, (y1p - cyp) / ry, (-x1p - cxp) / rx, (-y1p - cyp) / ry);
+    if (!sweep && dTheta > 0) {
+        dTheta -= 2 * Math.PI;
+    }
+    if (sweep && dTheta < 0) {
+        dTheta += 2 * Math.PI;
+    }
+    // Split into segments of at most π/2
+    const segments = Math.ceil(Math.abs(dTheta) / (Math.PI / 2));
+    const segAngle = dTheta / segments;
+    for (let s = 0; s < segments; s++) {
+        const t1 = theta1 + s * segAngle;
+        const t2 = theta1 + (s + 1) * segAngle;
+        const alpha = (4 * Math.tan((t2 - t1) / 4)) / 3;
+        const cos1 = Math.cos(t1), sin1 = Math.sin(t1);
+        const cos2 = Math.cos(t2), sin2 = Math.sin(t2);
+        const ep1x = rx * cos1, ep1y = ry * sin1;
+        const ep2x = rx * cos2, ep2y = ry * sin2;
+        const cp1x = ep1x - alpha * rx * sin1;
+        const cp1y = ep1y + alpha * ry * cos1;
+        const cp2x = ep2x + alpha * rx * sin2;
+        const cp2y = ep2y - alpha * ry * cos2;
+        ops.push({
+            op: "curve",
+            x1: cosPhi * cp1x - sinPhi * cp1y + cxr,
+            y1: sinPhi * cp1x + cosPhi * cp1y + cyr,
+            x2: cosPhi * cp2x - sinPhi * cp2y + cxr,
+            y2: sinPhi * cp2x + cosPhi * cp2y + cyr,
+            x3: cosPhi * ep2x - sinPhi * ep2y + cxr,
+            y3: sinPhi * ep2x + cosPhi * ep2y + cyr
+        });
+    }
+}