@cj-tech-master/excelts 8.0.0 → 8.1.0

package/dist/browser/modules/pdf/core/crypto.js

@@ -0,0 +1,637 @@
+/**
+ * Shared cryptographic primitives for PDF encryption/decryption.
+ *
+ * Zero-dependency, pure JavaScript implementations of:
+ * - AES (128/256-bit) CBC encrypt and decrypt
+ * - SHA-256
+ * - MD5
+ * - RC4 (for reading legacy PDFs only)
+ *
+ * @see FIPS 197 — AES
+ * @see FIPS 180-4 — SHA-256
+ * @see RFC 1321 — MD5
+ */
+// =============================================================================
+// AES S-Box & Constants
+// =============================================================================
+/** AES S-Box */
+const SBOX = new Uint8Array([
+    0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76,
+    0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0,
+    0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15,
+    0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75,
+    0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84,
+    0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf,
+    0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8,
+    0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2,
+    0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73,
+    0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb,
+    0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,
+    0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08,
+    0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a,
+    0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e,
+    0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf,
+    0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16
+]);
+/** Inverse S-Box for decryption */
+const INV_SBOX = new Uint8Array(256);
+/* @__PURE__ */ (() => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+        INV_SBOX[SBOX[i]] = i;
+    }
+})();
+/** AES round constants */
+const RCON = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36];
+// =============================================================================
+// AES Helpers
+// =============================================================================
+/** GF(2^8) multiplication by 2 */
+function gf2(a) {
+    return a < 128 ? a << 1 : (a << 1) ^ 0x11b;
+}
+/** GF(2^8) multiplication */
+function gfMul(a, b) {
+    let result = 0;
+    let aa = a;
+    let bb = b;
+    while (bb > 0) {
+        if (bb & 1) {
+            result ^= aa;
+        }
+        aa = gf2(aa);
+        bb >>= 1;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+/**
+ * AES key expansion. Supports AES-128 (16-byte key) and AES-256 (32-byte key).
+ */
+function aesKeyExpansion(key) {
+    const nk = key.length / 4;
+    const nr = nk + 6;
+    const w = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < nk; i++) {
+        w.push(new Uint8Array([key[4 * i], key[4 * i + 1], key[4 * i + 2], key[4 * i + 3]]));
+    }
+    for (let i = nk; i < 4 * (nr + 1); i++) {
+        const temp = new Uint8Array(w[i - 1]);
+        if (i % nk === 0) {
+            const t0 = temp[0];
+            temp[0] = SBOX[temp[1]] ^ RCON[i / nk - 1];
+            temp[1] = SBOX[temp[2]];
+            temp[2] = SBOX[temp[3]];
+            temp[3] = SBOX[t0];
+        }
+        else if (nk > 6 && i % nk === 4) {
+            temp[0] = SBOX[temp[0]];
+            temp[1] = SBOX[temp[1]];
+            temp[2] = SBOX[temp[2]];
+            temp[3] = SBOX[temp[3]];
+        }
+        const word = new Uint8Array(4);
+        for (let j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
+            word[j] = w[i - nk][j] ^ temp[j];
+        }
+        w.push(word);
+    }
+    return w;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// AES Encrypt Block
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Encrypt a single AES block (16 bytes).
+ * State layout: column-major per FIPS 197 §3.4.
+ */
+function aesEncryptBlock(block, roundKeys) {
+    const nr = roundKeys.length / 4 - 1;
+    const state = new Uint8Array(16);
+    state.set(block);
+    // Initial AddRoundKey
+    for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+        for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+            state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[c][r];
+        }
+    }
+    // Rounds 1 to nr-1
+    for (let round = 1; round < nr; round++) {
+        // SubBytes
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            state[i] = SBOX[state[i]];
+        }
+        // ShiftRows: row r shifts left by r
+        let tmp;
+        // Row 1: shift left by 1
+        tmp = state[1];
+        state[1] = state[5];
+        state[5] = state[9];
+        state[9] = state[13];
+        state[13] = tmp;
+        // Row 2: shift left by 2
+        tmp = state[2];
+        state[2] = state[10];
+        state[10] = tmp;
+        tmp = state[6];
+        state[6] = state[14];
+        state[14] = tmp;
+        // Row 3: shift left by 3
+        tmp = state[15];
+        state[15] = state[11];
+        state[11] = state[7];
+        state[7] = state[3];
+        state[3] = tmp;
+        // MixColumns
+        for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+            const s0 = state[4 * c];
+            const s1 = state[4 * c + 1];
+            const s2 = state[4 * c + 2];
+            const s3 = state[4 * c + 3];
+            state[4 * c] = gf2(s0) ^ gf2(s1) ^ s1 ^ s2 ^ s3;
+            state[4 * c + 1] = s0 ^ gf2(s1) ^ gf2(s2) ^ s2 ^ s3;
+            state[4 * c + 2] = s0 ^ s1 ^ gf2(s2) ^ gf2(s3) ^ s3;
+            state[4 * c + 3] = gf2(s0) ^ s0 ^ s1 ^ s2 ^ gf2(s3);
+        }
+        // AddRoundKey
+        const keyOffset = round * 4;
+        for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+            for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+                state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[keyOffset + c][r];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Final round (no MixColumns)
+    for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+        state[i] = SBOX[state[i]];
+    }
+    let tmp;
+    tmp = state[1];
+    state[1] = state[5];
+    state[5] = state[9];
+    state[9] = state[13];
+    state[13] = tmp;
+    tmp = state[2];
+    state[2] = state[10];
+    state[10] = tmp;
+    tmp = state[6];
+    state[6] = state[14];
+    state[14] = tmp;
+    tmp = state[15];
+    state[15] = state[11];
+    state[11] = state[7];
+    state[7] = state[3];
+    state[3] = tmp;
+    for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+        for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+            state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[nr * 4 + c][r];
+        }
+    }
+    return state;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// AES Decrypt Block
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Decrypt a single AES block (16 bytes).
+ */
+function aesDecryptBlock(block, roundKeys) {
+    const nr = roundKeys.length / 4 - 1;
+    const state = new Uint8Array(16);
+    state.set(block);
+    // Initial AddRoundKey
+    for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+        for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+            state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[nr * 4 + c][r];
+        }
+    }
+    // Rounds nr-1 down to 1
+    for (let round = nr - 1; round >= 1; round--) {
+        // InvShiftRows
+        let tmp;
+        tmp = state[13];
+        state[13] = state[9];
+        state[9] = state[5];
+        state[5] = state[1];
+        state[1] = tmp;
+        tmp = state[2];
+        state[2] = state[10];
+        state[10] = tmp;
+        tmp = state[6];
+        state[6] = state[14];
+        state[14] = tmp;
+        tmp = state[3];
+        state[3] = state[7];
+        state[7] = state[11];
+        state[11] = state[15];
+        state[15] = tmp;
+        // InvSubBytes
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            state[i] = INV_SBOX[state[i]];
+        }
+        // AddRoundKey
+        const keyOffset = round * 4;
+        for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+            for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+                state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[keyOffset + c][r];
+            }
+        }
+        // InvMixColumns
+        for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+            const s0 = state[4 * c];
+            const s1 = state[4 * c + 1];
+            const s2 = state[4 * c + 2];
+            const s3 = state[4 * c + 3];
+            state[4 * c] = gfMul(s0, 14) ^ gfMul(s1, 11) ^ gfMul(s2, 13) ^ gfMul(s3, 9);
+            state[4 * c + 1] = gfMul(s0, 9) ^ gfMul(s1, 14) ^ gfMul(s2, 11) ^ gfMul(s3, 13);
+            state[4 * c + 2] = gfMul(s0, 13) ^ gfMul(s1, 9) ^ gfMul(s2, 14) ^ gfMul(s3, 11);
+            state[4 * c + 3] = gfMul(s0, 11) ^ gfMul(s1, 13) ^ gfMul(s2, 9) ^ gfMul(s3, 14);
+        }
+    }
+    // Final round (no InvMixColumns)
+    let tmp2;
+    tmp2 = state[13];
+    state[13] = state[9];
+    state[9] = state[5];
+    state[5] = state[1];
+    state[1] = tmp2;
+    tmp2 = state[2];
+    state[2] = state[10];
+    state[10] = tmp2;
+    tmp2 = state[6];
+    state[6] = state[14];
+    state[14] = tmp2;
+    tmp2 = state[3];
+    state[3] = state[7];
+    state[7] = state[11];
+    state[11] = state[15];
+    state[15] = tmp2;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+        state[i] = INV_SBOX[state[i]];
+    }
+    for (let c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
+        for (let r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
+            state[4 * c + r] ^= roundKeys[c][r];
+        }
+    }
+    return state;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// AES-CBC Public API
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * AES-CBC encryption with PKCS#7 padding.
+ * Supports AES-128 (16-byte key) and AES-256 (32-byte key).
+ */
+export function aesCbcEncrypt(plaintext, key, iv) {
+    // PKCS#7 padding
+    const padLen = 16 - (plaintext.length % 16);
+    const padded = new Uint8Array(plaintext.length + padLen);
+    padded.set(plaintext);
+    for (let i = plaintext.length; i < padded.length; i++) {
+        padded[i] = padLen;
+    }
+    const roundKeys = aesKeyExpansion(key);
+    const numBlocks = padded.length / 16;
+    const output = new Uint8Array(padded.length);
+    let prevBlock = iv;
+    for (let b = 0; b < numBlocks; b++) {
+        // XOR plaintext block with previous ciphertext (or IV)
+        const block = new Uint8Array(16);
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            block[i] = padded[b * 16 + i] ^ prevBlock[i];
+        }
+        const encrypted = aesEncryptBlock(block, roundKeys);
+        output.set(encrypted, b * 16);
+        prevBlock = encrypted;
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+/**
+ * AES-CBC decryption with PKCS#7 padding removal.
+ * Supports AES-128 (16-byte key) and AES-256 (32-byte key).
+ */
+export function aesCbcDecrypt(ciphertext, key, iv) {
+    const roundKeys = aesKeyExpansion(key);
+    const numBlocks = ciphertext.length / 16;
+    const output = new Uint8Array(ciphertext.length);
+    let prevBlock = iv;
+    for (let b = 0; b < numBlocks; b++) {
+        const block = ciphertext.subarray(b * 16, (b + 1) * 16);
+        const decrypted = aesDecryptBlock(block, roundKeys);
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            output[b * 16 + i] = decrypted[i] ^ prevBlock[i];
+        }
+        prevBlock = block;
+    }
+    // Remove PKCS#7 padding
+    if (output.length > 0) {
+        const padLen = output[output.length - 1];
+        if (padLen > 0 && padLen <= 16) {
+            let validPadding = true;
+            for (let i = 0; i < padLen; i++) {
+                if (output[output.length - 1 - i] !== padLen) {
+                    validPadding = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (validPadding) {
+                return output.subarray(0, output.length - padLen);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+/**
+ * AES-CBC decryption WITHOUT PKCS#7 padding removal.
+ * Used for key derivation in V=5 where the output length is known.
+ */
+export function aesCbcDecryptRaw(ciphertext, key, iv) {
+    const roundKeys = aesKeyExpansion(key);
+    const numBlocks = ciphertext.length / 16;
+    const output = new Uint8Array(ciphertext.length);
+    let prevBlock = iv;
+    for (let b = 0; b < numBlocks; b++) {
+        const block = ciphertext.subarray(b * 16, (b + 1) * 16);
+        const decrypted = aesDecryptBlock(block, roundKeys);
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            output[b * 16 + i] = decrypted[i] ^ prevBlock[i];
+        }
+        prevBlock = block;
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+/**
+ * AES-CBC encryption WITHOUT PKCS#7 padding.
+ * Used when the plaintext is already block-aligned (e.g., encrypting
+ * the 32-byte file encryption key in V=5).
+ *
+ * @throws if plaintext length is not a multiple of 16.
+ */
+export function aesCbcEncryptRaw(plaintext, key, iv) {
+    if (plaintext.length % 16 !== 0) {
+        throw new Error("aesCbcEncryptRaw: plaintext length must be a multiple of 16");
+    }
+    const roundKeys = aesKeyExpansion(key);
+    const numBlocks = plaintext.length / 16;
+    const output = new Uint8Array(plaintext.length);
+    let prevBlock = iv;
+    for (let b = 0; b < numBlocks; b++) {
+        const block = new Uint8Array(16);
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            block[i] = plaintext[b * 16 + i] ^ prevBlock[i];
+        }
+        const encrypted = aesEncryptBlock(block, roundKeys);
+        output.set(encrypted, b * 16);
+        prevBlock = encrypted;
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+/**
+ * AES-ECB encryption of a single 16-byte block (no padding, no IV).
+ * Used for the /Perms value in V=5 encryption.
+ */
+export function aesEcbEncrypt(block, key) {
+    const roundKeys = aesKeyExpansion(key);
+    return aesEncryptBlock(block, roundKeys);
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// SHA-256
+// =============================================================================
+/** SHA-256 initial hash values */
+const SHA256_H = new Uint32Array([
+    0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a, 0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab, 0x5be0cd19
+]);
+/** SHA-256 round constants */
+const SHA256_K = new Uint32Array([
+    0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5,
+    0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3, 0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174,
+    0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc, 0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
+    0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7, 0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967,
+    0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13, 0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85,
+    0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b, 0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3, 0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
+    0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5, 0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
+    0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208, 0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2
+]);
+function rotr32(x, n) {
+    return ((x >>> n) | (x << (32 - n))) >>> 0;
+}
+/**
+ * SHA-256 hash function.
+ * @returns 32-byte digest
+ */
+export function sha256(input) {
+    const msgLen = input.length;
+    const paddedLen = Math.ceil((msgLen + 9) / 64) * 64;
+    const padded = new Uint8Array(paddedLen);
+    padded.set(input);
+    padded[msgLen] = 0x80;
+    const bitLen = msgLen * 8;
+    const view = new DataView(padded.buffer, padded.byteOffset, padded.byteLength);
+    view.setUint32(paddedLen - 8, 0, false);
+    view.setUint32(paddedLen - 4, bitLen, false);
+    let h0 = SHA256_H[0];
+    let h1 = SHA256_H[1];
+    let h2 = SHA256_H[2];
+    let h3 = SHA256_H[3];
+    let h4 = SHA256_H[4];
+    let h5 = SHA256_H[5];
+    let h6 = SHA256_H[6];
+    let h7 = SHA256_H[7];
+    const w = new Uint32Array(64);
+    for (let offset = 0; offset < paddedLen; offset += 64) {
+        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            w[i] = view.getUint32(offset + i * 4, false);
+        }
+        for (let i = 16; i < 64; i++) {
+            const s0 = rotr32(w[i - 15], 7) ^ rotr32(w[i - 15], 18) ^ (w[i - 15] >>> 3);
+            const s1 = rotr32(w[i - 2], 17) ^ rotr32(w[i - 2], 19) ^ (w[i - 2] >>> 10);
+            w[i] = (w[i - 16] + s0 + w[i - 7] + s1) >>> 0;
+        }
+        let a = h0;
+        let b = h1;
+        let c = h2;
+        let d = h3;
+        let e = h4;
+        let f = h5;
+        let g = h6;
+        let h = h7;
+        for (let i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+            const S1 = rotr32(e, 6) ^ rotr32(e, 11) ^ rotr32(e, 25);
+            const ch = (e & f) ^ (~e & g);
+            const temp1 = (h + S1 + ch + SHA256_K[i] + w[i]) >>> 0;
+            const S0 = rotr32(a, 2) ^ rotr32(a, 13) ^ rotr32(a, 22);
+            const maj = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (b & c);
+            const temp2 = (S0 + maj) >>> 0;
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = (d + temp1) >>> 0;
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = (temp1 + temp2) >>> 0;
+        }
+        h0 = (h0 + a) >>> 0;
+        h1 = (h1 + b) >>> 0;
+        h2 = (h2 + c) >>> 0;
+        h3 = (h3 + d) >>> 0;
+        h4 = (h4 + e) >>> 0;
+        h5 = (h5 + f) >>> 0;
+        h6 = (h6 + g) >>> 0;
+        h7 = (h7 + h) >>> 0;
+    }
+    const result = new Uint8Array(32);
+    const resultView = new DataView(result.buffer);
+    resultView.setUint32(0, h0, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(4, h1, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(8, h2, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(12, h3, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(16, h4, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(20, h5, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(24, h6, false);
+    resultView.setUint32(28, h7, false);
+    return result;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// MD5 (for legacy PDF reading)
+// =============================================================================
+function rotl(x, n) {
+    return ((x << n) | (x >>> (32 - n))) >>> 0;
+}
+const MD5_S = [
+    7, 12, 17, 22, 7, 12, 17, 22, 7, 12, 17, 22, 7, 12, 17, 22, 5, 9, 14, 20, 5, 9, 14, 20, 5, 9, 14,
+    20, 5, 9, 14, 20, 4, 11, 16, 23, 4, 11, 16, 23, 4, 11, 16, 23, 4, 11, 16, 23, 6, 10, 15, 21, 6,
+    10, 15, 21, 6, 10, 15, 21, 6, 10, 15, 21
+];
+const MD5_K = new Uint32Array([
+    0xd76aa478, 0xe8c7b756, 0x242070db, 0xc1bdceee, 0xf57c0faf, 0x4787c62a, 0xa8304613, 0xfd469501,
+    0x698098d8, 0x8b44f7af, 0xffff5bb1, 0x895cd7be, 0x6b901122, 0xfd987193, 0xa679438e, 0x49b40821,
+    0xf61e2562, 0xc040b340, 0x265e5a51, 0xe9b6c7aa, 0xd62f105d, 0x02441453, 0xd8a1e681, 0xe7d3fbc8,
+    0x21e1cde6, 0xc33707d6, 0xf4d50d87, 0x455a14ed, 0xa9e3e905, 0xfcefa3f8, 0x676f02d9, 0x8d2a4c8a,
+    0xfffa3942, 0x8771f681, 0x6d9d6122, 0xfde5380c, 0xa4beea44, 0x4bdecfa9, 0xf6bb4b60, 0xbebfbc70,
+    0x289b7ec6, 0xeaa127fa, 0xd4ef3085, 0x04881d05, 0xd9d4d039, 0xe6db99e5, 0x1fa27cf8, 0xc4ac5665,
+    0xf4292244, 0x432aff97, 0xab9423a7, 0xfc93a039, 0x655b59c3, 0x8f0ccc92, 0xffeff47d, 0x85845dd1,
+    0x6fa87e4f, 0xfe2ce6e0, 0xa3014314, 0x4e0811a1, 0xf7537e82, 0xbd3af235, 0x2ad7d2bb, 0xeb86d391
+]);
+/**
+ * MD5 hash function (RFC 1321).
+ * @returns 16-byte digest
+ */
+export function md5(input) {
+    const msgLen = input.length;
+    const bitLen = msgLen * 8;
+    const padLen = ((56 - ((msgLen + 1) % 64) + 64) % 64) + 1;
+    const padded = new Uint8Array(msgLen + padLen + 8);
+    padded.set(input);
+    padded[msgLen] = 0x80;
+    const view = new DataView(padded.buffer);
+    view.setUint32(padded.length - 8, bitLen >>> 0, true);
+    view.setUint32(padded.length - 4, 0, true);
+    let a0 = 0x67452301;
+    let b0 = 0xefcdab89;
+    let c0 = 0x98badcfe;
+    let d0 = 0x10325476;
+    for (let i = 0; i < padded.length; i += 64) {
+        const M = new Uint32Array(16);
+        for (let j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
+            M[j] = view.getUint32(i + j * 4, true);
+        }
+        let A = a0;
+        let B = b0;
+        let C = c0;
+        let D = d0;
+        for (let j = 0; j < 64; j++) {
+            let F;
+            let g;
+            if (j < 16) {
+                F = (B & C) | (~B & D);
+                g = j;
+            }
+            else if (j < 32) {
+                F = (D & B) | (~D & C);
+                g = (5 * j + 1) % 16;
+            }
+            else if (j < 48) {
+                F = B ^ C ^ D;
+                g = (3 * j + 5) % 16;
+            }
+            else {
+                F = C ^ (B | ~D);
+                g = (7 * j) % 16;
+            }
+            F = (F + A + MD5_K[j] + M[g]) >>> 0;
+            A = D;
+            D = C;
+            C = B;
+            B = (B + rotl(F, MD5_S[j])) >>> 0;
+        }
+        a0 = (a0 + A) >>> 0;
+        b0 = (b0 + B) >>> 0;
+        c0 = (c0 + C) >>> 0;
+        d0 = (d0 + D) >>> 0;
+    }
+    const digest = new Uint8Array(16);
+    const dv = new DataView(digest.buffer);
+    dv.setUint32(0, a0, true);
+    dv.setUint32(4, b0, true);
+    dv.setUint32(8, c0, true);
+    dv.setUint32(12, d0, true);
+    return digest;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// RC4 (for legacy PDF reading only)
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * RC4 stream cipher.
+ * @deprecated Only used for reading legacy encrypted PDFs. Writer uses AES-256.
+ */
+export function rc4(key, data) {
+    const s = new Uint8Array(256);
+    for (let i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+        s[i] = i;
+    }
+    let j = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+        j = (j + s[i] + key[i % key.length]) & 0xff;
+        [s[i], s[j]] = [s[j], s[i]];
+    }
+    const result = new Uint8Array(data.length);
+    let ii = 0;
+    let jj = 0;
+    for (let k = 0; k < data.length; k++) {
+        ii = (ii + 1) & 0xff;
+        jj = (jj + s[ii]) & 0xff;
+        [s[ii], s[jj]] = [s[jj], s[ii]];
+        result[k] = data[k] ^ s[(s[ii] + s[jj]) & 0xff];
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// Random bytes (for IV generation)
+// =============================================================================
+/**
+ * Generate pseudo-random bytes.
+ * Uses Math.random — adequate for PDF IVs but not cryptographically secure.
+ */
+export function randomBytes(length) {
+    const bytes = new Uint8Array(length);
+    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        bytes[i] = (Math.random() * 256) | 0;
+    }
+    return bytes;
+}
+/**
+ * Concatenate multiple Uint8Arrays.
+ */
+export function concatArrays(...arrays) {
+    let totalLen = 0;
+    for (const arr of arrays) {
+        totalLen += arr.length;
+    }
+    const result = new Uint8Array(totalLen);
+    let offset = 0;
+    for (const arr of arrays) {
+        result.set(arr, offset);
+        offset += arr.length;
+    }
+    return result;
+}