@cavelang/query 0.1.0

package/README.md

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+# @cavelang/query
+
+CAVE-Q — the graph-pattern query layer (spec §12), compiled to SQL over an
+open `@cavelang/store`.
+
+```ts
+import { open } from '@cavelang/store'
+import { query } from '@cavelang/query'
+
+const store = open('knowledge.db')
+query(store, '?x USES jwt')
+// → [{ bindings: { x: 'auth/middleware' }, row: { … } }, …]
+
+query(store, `?cause CAUSE app/crash
+  WHERE conf >= 0.7`)
+
+query(store, '?x PART-OF monorepo')     // inverse verb → same physical query
+query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal') // transitive
+```
+
+## Pattern language (§12.1)
+
+- `?name` variables bind subject, verb, object or attribute value;
+  a variable repeated in two positions forces equality (`?x NEEDS ?x`).
+- `_` is a wildcard.
+- `attr: ?v` matches attribute claims.
+- `@ctx` and `#tag[:value]` on the pattern line filter contexts/tags
+  (flat `#tag` matches flat tags only, mirroring `store.byTag`).
+- `VERB NOT` matches negated claims; patterns without `NOT` match
+  positive ones — direction is always explicit.
+- **Inverse verbs** are valid: `?x PART-OF monorepo` compiles to
+  `verb = 'CONTAINS' AND subject = 'monorepo'` with `?x` binding on the
+  object side — the same physical query as the forward pattern.
+- `VERB+` is transitive (one or more hops), compiled to a recursive CTE
+  over current, positive, non-retracted edges, depth-capped at 32.
+  Transitive works through inverses too (`packages/api PART-OF+ ?c` walks
+  `CONTAINS` upward from the object side).
+
+## Filters (§12.2)
+
+```
+WHERE conf >= 0.8        (also accepts 80%)
+WHERE tag = security     (bare key matches any value; topic:auth is exact)
+WHERE context = production
+WHERE value > 1000 req/s (numeric column; unit equality when given)
+WHERE tx > 2026-01-01    (dates are whole-day UTC intervals)
+```
+
+`tx` filters compile a date to the interval `[day-start, next-day-start)`
+in UUIDv7 space: `=` means "recorded that day", `<=` includes the boundary
+day that `<` excludes, and `>` starts the day after. A timestamp value
+covers one second.
+
+## Semantics
+
+- Queries run over **current beliefs** (latest tx per claim key, §9.1) by
+  default, and skip retracted (`@ 0%`) ones — a retracted claim has no
+  current support (§9.3), and `VERB` must agree with `VERB+` on a one-hop
+  path. An explicit `WHERE conf …` filter or `{ all: true }` opts back in.
+- Object-position variables bind relational rows only (`object IS NOT
+  NULL`) — `?x ?verb ?y` enumerates the relation graph, not attributes. A
+  *bound* date/number object additionally matches metric rows
+  (`latency IS 30ms` the pattern finds `latency IS 30ms` the claim).
+- A repeated variable forces equality in transitive patterns too:
+  `?x EXTENDS+ ?x` finds nodes on cycles, not every reachable pair.
+- Transitive patterns support endpoint slots only; tag/context/WHERE
+  filters on them are rejected rather than silently ignored.
+
+## Tests
+
+```
+pnpm --filter @cavelang/query test
+```
+
+Every §12.1 example pattern and every §12.2 filter runs against a live
+in-memory store, including inverse and transitive-inverse cases,
+current-vs-history semantics and negated patterns.

package/dist/src/compile.d.ts

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+/**
+ * CAVE-Q → SQL compilation (spec §12).
+ *
+ * Patterns run over *current beliefs* by default — the latest transaction
+ * per claim key (spec §9.1) — pass `all` to match the full history.
+ * Inverse verbs compile to the same physical query as their primary
+ * (spec §12.1): `?x PART-OF monorepo` and `monorepo CONTAINS ?x` produce
+ * identical SQL against canonical rows, with the pattern's subject binding
+ * on the object side.
+ *
+ * Transitive patterns (`terrier EXTENDS+ animal`) compile to a recursive
+ * CTE over current, positive, non-retracted edges (depth-capped at 32).
+ */
+import type { Row, Store } from '@cavelang/store';
+/** One query solution: variable bindings plus the matched row (absent for transitive hops). */
+export type Match = {
+    readonly bindings: Readonly<Record<string, string>>;
+    readonly row?: Row.t;
+};
+export type Options = {
+    /** Match all appended rows, not only current beliefs. */
+    readonly all?: boolean;
+};
+/**
+ * Runs a CAVE-Q query against a store.
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')
+ * query(store, '?cause CAUSE app/crash\n  WHERE conf >= 0.7')
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')
+ * ```
+ */
+export declare const query: (store: Store, input: string, options?: Options) => Match[];
+//# sourceMappingURL=compile.d.ts.map

package/dist/src/compile.d.ts.map

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package/dist/src/compile.js

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+/**
+ * CAVE-Q → SQL compilation (spec §12).
+ *
+ * Patterns run over *current beliefs* by default — the latest transaction
+ * per claim key (spec §9.1) — pass `all` to match the full history.
+ * Inverse verbs compile to the same physical query as their primary
+ * (spec §12.1): `?x PART-OF monorepo` and `monorepo CONTAINS ?x` produce
+ * identical SQL against canonical rows, with the pattern's subject binding
+ * on the object side.
+ *
+ * Transitive patterns (`terrier EXTENDS+ animal`) compile to a recursive
+ * CTE over current, positive, non-retracted edges (depth-capped at 32).
+ */
+import { Uuidv7, Value } from '@cavelang/core';
+import { Registry } from '@cavelang/canonical';
+import * as Pattern from "./pattern.js";
+const currentSql = `
+SELECT c.* FROM cave_claim c
+JOIN (
+  SELECT claim_key, MAX(tx) AS max_tx
+  FROM cave_claim GROUP BY claim_key
+) latest ON c.claim_key = latest.claim_key AND c.tx = latest.max_tx
+`;
+/**
+ * UUIDv7 interval `[lo, hi)` for a tx filter value: a bare date covers the
+ * whole UTC day, a timestamp covers one second. Interval semantics keep
+ * adjacent operators distinguishable (`<=` includes the boundary day that
+ * `<` excludes) and make `WHERE tx = 2026-01-01` mean "recorded that day".
+ */
+const txBounds = (text) => {
+    const hasTime = text.includes('T');
+    const start = Date.parse(hasTime ? text : `${text}T00:00:00Z`);
+    if (Number.isNaN(start)) {
+        throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse tx date ${JSON.stringify(text)}`);
+    }
+    const end = start + (hasTime ? 1_000 : 86_400_000);
+    return { lo: Uuidv7.at(start, 0, new Uint8Array(8)), hi: Uuidv7.at(end, 0, new Uint8Array(8)) };
+};
+const compile = (pattern, registry, options) => {
+    // Inverse resolution (spec §12.1): swap the pattern's endpoint slots and
+    // query the primary verb.
+    let verb = pattern.verb;
+    let subjectSlot = pattern.subject;
+    let objectSlot = pattern.payload.kind === 'object' ? pattern.payload.object : undefined;
+    if (verb.kind === 'verb') {
+        const { primary, isInverse } = Registry.primaryOf(registry, verb.name);
+        if (isInverse) {
+            if (pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+                throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: inverse verb ${verb.name} cannot take an attribute pattern`);
+            }
+            const swapped = objectSlot ?? { kind: 'wildcard' };
+            objectSlot = subjectSlot;
+            subjectSlot = swapped;
+            verb = { kind: 'verb', name: primary, transitive: verb.transitive };
+        }
+    }
+    if (verb.kind === 'verb' && verb.transitive) {
+        return compileTransitive(pattern, verb.name, subjectSlot, objectSlot, options);
+    }
+    const conditions = [`c.negated = ${pattern.negated ? 1 : 0}`];
+    const params = [];
+    /** var name → row columns it binds; repeated vars add join conditions. */
+    const varColumns = new Map();
+    const slot = (value, column, requireNotNull) => {
+        switch (value.kind) {
+            case 'term':
+                // A date/number term in object position must also match metric
+                // rows, which store their value in value_text with object NULL
+                // (`latency IS 30ms` ⇒ pattern `latency IS 30ms` matches).
+                if (column === 'object') {
+                    const parsed = Value.parse(value.text);
+                    if (parsed.kind === 'number' || parsed.kind === 'date') {
+                        conditions.push('(c.object = ? OR (c.object IS NULL AND c.value_text = ?))');
+                        params.push(value.text, value.text);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                conditions.push(`c.${column} = ?`);
+                params.push(value.text);
+                return;
+            case 'var': {
+                const columns = varColumns.get(value.name) ?? [];
+                columns.push(column);
+                varColumns.set(value.name, columns);
+                if (requireNotNull) {
+                    conditions.push(`c.${column} IS NOT NULL`);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            case 'wildcard':
+                if (requireNotNull) {
+                    conditions.push(`c.${column} IS NOT NULL`);
+                }
+                return;
+        }
+    };
+    slot(subjectSlot, 'subject', false);
+    if (verb.kind === 'verb') {
+        conditions.push('c.verb = ?');
+        params.push(verb.name);
+    }
+    else if (verb.kind === 'var') {
+        const columns = varColumns.get(verb.name) ?? [];
+        columns.push('verb');
+        varColumns.set(verb.name, columns);
+    }
+    if (objectSlot !== undefined) {
+        slot(objectSlot, 'object', true);
+    }
+    if (pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+        conditions.push('c.attribute = ?');
+        params.push(pattern.payload.attribute);
+        slot(pattern.payload.value, 'value_text', true);
+    }
+    for (const columns of varColumns.values()) {
+        for (let i = 1; i < columns.length; i++) {
+            conditions.push(`c.${columns[0]} = c.${columns[i]}`);
+        }
+    }
+    for (const context of pattern.contexts) {
+        conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_context x WHERE x.claim_id = c.id AND x.context = ?)');
+        params.push(context);
+    }
+    for (const tag of pattern.tags) {
+        if (tag.value === undefined) {
+            conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value IS NULL)');
+            params.push(tag.key);
+        }
+        else {
+            conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value = ?)');
+            params.push(tag.key, tag.value);
+        }
+    }
+    for (const filter of pattern.filters) {
+        switch (filter.field) {
+            case 'conf':
+                conditions.push(`c.conf ${filter.op} ?`);
+                params.push(filter.value);
+                break;
+            case 'tag':
+                if (filter.value === undefined) {
+                    conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ?)');
+                    params.push(filter.key);
+                }
+                else {
+                    conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value = ?)');
+                    params.push(filter.key, filter.value);
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'context':
+                conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_context x WHERE x.claim_id = c.id AND x.context = ?)');
+                params.push(filter.value);
+                break;
+            case 'value':
+                conditions.push(`c.value_num ${filter.op} ?`);
+                params.push(filter.value);
+                if (filter.unit !== undefined) {
+                    conditions.push('c.value_unit = ?');
+                    params.push(filter.unit);
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'tx': {
+                const { lo, hi } = txBounds(filter.value);
+                switch (filter.op) {
+                    case '>':
+                        conditions.push('c.tx >= ?');
+                        params.push(hi);
+                        break;
+                    case '>=':
+                        conditions.push('c.tx >= ?');
+                        params.push(lo);
+                        break;
+                    case '<':
+                        conditions.push('c.tx < ?');
+                        params.push(lo);
+                        break;
+                    case '<=':
+                        conditions.push('c.tx < ?');
+                        params.push(hi);
+                        break;
+                    case '=':
+                        conditions.push('(c.tx >= ? AND c.tx < ?)');
+                        params.push(lo, hi);
+                        break;
+                    case '!=':
+                        conditions.push('(c.tx < ? OR c.tx >= ?)');
+                        params.push(lo, hi);
+                        break;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Positive patterns match supported beliefs: a retracted (@ 0%) current
+    // belief has no current support (§9.3) and is skipped — mirroring the
+    // transitive CTE and store traversal — unless the query asks about
+    // confidence explicitly or runs over the full history.
+    if (options.all !== true && !pattern.filters.some(filter => filter.field === 'conf')) {
+        conditions.push('c.conf > 0');
+    }
+    const base = options.all === true ? 'SELECT * FROM cave_claim' : currentSql;
+    const sql = `SELECT c.* FROM (${base}) c WHERE ${conditions.join(' AND ')} ORDER BY c.tx`;
+    const bind = (row) => {
+        const bindings = {};
+        for (const [name, columns] of varColumns) {
+            bindings[name] = String(row[columns[0]]);
+        }
+        return bindings;
+    };
+    return { sql, params, bind, transitive: false };
+};
+const compileTransitive = (pattern, verb, subjectSlot, objectSlot, options) => {
+    if (pattern.negated || pattern.filters.length > 0 || pattern.contexts.length > 0 || pattern.tags.length > 0 ||
+        pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+        throw new Error('CAVE-Q: transitive patterns support subject/object slots only (spec §12.1)');
+    }
+    const base = options.all === true ? 'SELECT * FROM cave_claim' : currentSql;
+    const conditions = [];
+    const params = [verb];
+    if (subjectSlot.kind === 'term') {
+        conditions.push('h.src = ?');
+        params.push(subjectSlot.text);
+    }
+    if (objectSlot?.kind === 'term') {
+        conditions.push('h.dst = ?');
+        params.push(objectSlot.text);
+    }
+    // A repeated variable forces equality here just as in single-hop
+    // patterns: `?x EXTENDS+ ?x` asks for nodes on a cycle, not for every
+    // reachable pair.
+    if (subjectSlot.kind === 'var' && objectSlot?.kind === 'var' && subjectSlot.name === objectSlot.name) {
+        conditions.push('h.src = h.dst');
+    }
+    const sql = `
+WITH RECURSIVE cur AS (
+  SELECT c.subject AS src, c.object AS dst
+  FROM (${base}) c
+  WHERE c.verb = ? AND c.negated = 0 AND c.conf > 0 AND c.object IS NOT NULL
+), hops(src, dst, depth) AS (
+  SELECT src, dst, 1 FROM cur
+  UNION
+  SELECT h.src, cur.dst, h.depth + 1 FROM hops h JOIN cur ON cur.src = h.dst
+  WHERE h.depth < 32
+)
+SELECT DISTINCT h.src AS src, h.dst AS dst FROM hops h
+${conditions.length > 0 ? `WHERE ${conditions.join(' AND ')}` : ''}
+ORDER BY h.src, h.dst`;
+    const bind = (row) => {
+        const bindings = {};
+        if (subjectSlot.kind === 'var') {
+            bindings[subjectSlot.name] = String(row['src']);
+        }
+        if (objectSlot?.kind === 'var') {
+            bindings[objectSlot.name] = String(row['dst']);
+        }
+        return bindings;
+    };
+    return { sql, params, bind, transitive: true };
+};
+/**
+ * Runs a CAVE-Q query against a store.
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')
+ * query(store, '?cause CAUSE app/crash\n  WHERE conf >= 0.7')
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')
+ * ```
+ */
+export const query = (store, input, options = {}) => {
+    const pattern = Pattern.parse(input);
+    const compiled = compile(pattern, store.registry(), options);
+    const rows = store.db.prepare(compiled.sql).all(...compiled.params);
+    return rows.map(row => compiled.transitive ?
+        { bindings: compiled.bind(row) } :
+        { bindings: compiled.bind(row), row: row });
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=compile.js.map

package/dist/src/compile.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/src/index.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/**
+ * `@cavelang/query` — CAVE-Q, the graph-pattern query layer (spec §12).
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * import { query } from '@cavelang/query'
+ *
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')                    // [{ bindings: { x: 'auth/middleware' }, row }]
+ * query(store, '?x HAS bug: ?bug #security')
+ * query(store, '?x PART-OF monorepo')            // inverse verbs compile to canonical rows
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')        // transitive
+ * ```
+ */
+export * as Pattern from './pattern.ts';
+export { query } from './compile.ts';
+export type { Match, Options } from './compile.ts';
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/src/index.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"index.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA;;;;;;;;;;;GAWG;AAEH,OAAO,KAAK,OAAO,MAAM,cAAc,CAAA;AACvC,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,MAAM,cAAc,CAAA;AACpC,YAAY,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,cAAc,CAAA"}

package/dist/src/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/**
+ * `@cavelang/query` — CAVE-Q, the graph-pattern query layer (spec §12).
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * import { query } from '@cavelang/query'
+ *
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')                    // [{ bindings: { x: 'auth/middleware' }, row }]
+ * query(store, '?x HAS bug: ?bug #security')
+ * query(store, '?x PART-OF monorepo')            // inverse verbs compile to canonical rows
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')        // transitive
+ * ```
+ */
+export * as Pattern from "./pattern.js";
+export { query } from "./compile.js";
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/src/index.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"index.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA;;;;;;;;;;;GAWG;AAEH,OAAO,KAAK,OAAO,MAAM,cAAc,CAAA;AACvC,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,MAAM,cAAc,CAAA"}

package/dist/src/pattern.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+ * CAVE-Q patterns (spec §12.1).
+ *
+ * ```cave
+ * ?x USES jwt                       ; all systems using jwt
+ * ?x HAS bug: ?bug #security        ; all security bugs
+ * ?cause CAUSE app/crash            ; candidate causes
+ *   WHERE conf >= 0.7
+ * ?x ?verb ?y @production           ; all production facts
+ * terrier EXTENDS+ animal           ; transitive hops
+ * _ USES jwt                        ; wildcard
+ * ```
+ *
+ * A query is one pattern line followed by any number of `WHERE` filter
+ * lines (spec §12.2), indented or not.
+ */
+/** A pattern slot: named variable, wildcard `_`, or a bound term. */
+export type Slot = {
+    readonly kind: 'var';
+    readonly name: string;
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'wildcard';
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'term';
+    readonly text: string;
+};
+/** Verb position: concrete verb (possibly transitive `VERB+`), variable, or wildcard. */
+export type VerbSlot = {
+    readonly kind: 'verb';
+    readonly name: string;
+    readonly transitive: boolean;
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'var';
+    readonly name: string;
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'wildcard';
+};
+export type PayloadPattern = {
+    readonly kind: 'object';
+    readonly object: Slot;
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'attribute';
+    readonly attribute: string;
+    readonly value: Slot;
+} | {
+    readonly kind: 'any';
+};
+export type FilterOp = '=' | '!=' | '>' | '>=' | '<' | '<=';
+export type Filter = {
+    readonly field: 'conf';
+    readonly op: FilterOp;
+    readonly value: number;
+} | {
+    readonly field: 'tag';
+    readonly op: '=';
+    readonly key: string;
+    readonly value?: string;
+} | {
+    readonly field: 'context';
+    readonly op: '=';
+    readonly value: string;
+} | {
+    readonly field: 'value';
+    readonly op: FilterOp;
+    readonly value: number;
+    readonly unit?: string;
+} | {
+    readonly field: 'tx';
+    readonly op: FilterOp;
+    readonly value: string;
+};
+export type Pattern = {
+    readonly subject: Slot;
+    readonly verb: VerbSlot;
+    readonly payload: PayloadPattern;
+    readonly negated: boolean;
+    /** `@ctx` filters on the pattern line. */
+    readonly contexts: readonly string[];
+    /** `#tag[:value]` filters on the pattern line. */
+    readonly tags: readonly {
+        key: string;
+        value?: string;
+    }[];
+    readonly filters: readonly Filter[];
+};
+export type t = Pattern;
+/** Parses a CAVE-Q query: one pattern line plus `WHERE` filter lines. */
+export declare const parse: (input: string) => Pattern;
+//# sourceMappingURL=pattern.d.ts.map

package/dist/src/pattern.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/src/pattern.js

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/**
+ * CAVE-Q patterns (spec §12.1).
+ *
+ * ```cave
+ * ?x USES jwt                       ; all systems using jwt
+ * ?x HAS bug: ?bug #security        ; all security bugs
+ * ?cause CAUSE app/crash            ; candidate causes
+ *   WHERE conf >= 0.7
+ * ?x ?verb ?y @production           ; all production facts
+ * terrier EXTENDS+ animal           ; transitive hops
+ * _ USES jwt                        ; wildcard
+ * ```
+ *
+ * A query is one pattern line followed by any number of `WHERE` filter
+ * lines (spec §12.2), indented or not.
+ */
+import { Confidence, Verb } from '@cavelang/core';
+import { Token } from '@cavelang/parser';
+const filterOps = ['>=', '<=', '!=', '=', '>', '<'];
+const isFilterOp = (text) => filterOps.includes(text);
+const slotOf = (token) => {
+    if (token.kind === 'word') {
+        if (token.text === '_') {
+            return { kind: 'wildcard' };
+        }
+        if (token.text.startsWith('?')) {
+            return { kind: 'var', name: token.text.slice(1) };
+        }
+        return { kind: 'term', text: token.text };
+    }
+    const delimiter = token.kind === 'code' ? '`' : '"';
+    return { kind: 'term', text: `${delimiter}${token.text}${delimiter}` };
+};
+const verbSlotOf = (token) => {
+    if (token.kind !== 'word') {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    if (token.text === '_') {
+        return { kind: 'wildcard' };
+    }
+    if (token.text.startsWith('?')) {
+        return { kind: 'var', name: token.text.slice(1) };
+    }
+    const transitive = token.text.endsWith('+');
+    const name = transitive ? token.text.slice(0, -1) : token.text;
+    return Verb.isVerbToken(name) ? { kind: 'verb', name, transitive } : undefined;
+};
+const parseFilter = (tokens, lineNo) => {
+    const [field, op, ...valueTokens] = tokens;
+    const bad = (message) => {
+        throw new Error(`CAVE-Q line ${lineNo}: ${message}`);
+    };
+    if (field?.kind !== 'word' || op?.kind !== 'word' || valueTokens.length === 0) {
+        return bad('expected "WHERE <field> <op> <value>" (spec §12.2)');
+    }
+    if (!isFilterOp(op.text)) {
+        return bad(`unknown operator ${JSON.stringify(op.text)}`);
+    }
+    const valueText = valueTokens.map(token => token.text).join(' ');
+    switch (field.text) {
+        case 'conf': {
+            const conf = valueText.endsWith('%') ? Confidence.parse(valueText) : Number(valueText);
+            if (conf === undefined || Number.isNaN(conf)) {
+                return bad(`cannot parse confidence ${JSON.stringify(valueText)}`);
+            }
+            return { field: 'conf', op: op.text, value: conf };
+        }
+        case 'tag': {
+            if (op.text !== '=') {
+                return bad('tag filters support = only');
+            }
+            const colonAt = valueText.indexOf(':');
+            return colonAt === -1 ?
+                { field: 'tag', op: '=', key: valueText } :
+                { field: 'tag', op: '=', key: valueText.slice(0, colonAt), value: valueText.slice(colonAt + 1) };
+        }
+        case 'context': {
+            if (op.text !== '=') {
+                return bad('context filters support = only');
+            }
+            return { field: 'context', op: '=', value: valueText };
+        }
+        case 'value': {
+            const match = /^(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)(?:\s+(.+))?$/.exec(valueText);
+            if (!match) {
+                return bad(`cannot parse value filter ${JSON.stringify(valueText)}`);
+            }
+            const unit = match[2];
+            return { field: 'value', op: op.text, value: Number(match[1]), ...unit === undefined ? {} : { unit } };
+        }
+        case 'tx':
+            return { field: 'tx', op: op.text, value: valueText };
+        default:
+            return bad(`unknown filter field ${JSON.stringify(field.text)}`);
+    }
+};
+/** Parses a CAVE-Q query: one pattern line plus `WHERE` filter lines. */
+export const parse = (input) => {
+    const lines = input
+        .split(/\r?\n/)
+        .map(line => line.trim())
+        .filter(line => line !== '' && !line.startsWith(';'));
+    if (lines.length === 0) {
+        throw new Error('CAVE-Q: empty query');
+    }
+    const [patternLine, ...filterLines] = lines;
+    const { head } = Token.splitComment(patternLine);
+    const tokens = Token.tokenize(head);
+    if (tokens.length < 2) {
+        throw new Error('CAVE-Q: a pattern needs at least a subject and a verb (spec §12.1)');
+    }
+    const subject = slotOf(tokens[0]);
+    const verb = verbSlotOf(tokens[1]);
+    if (verb === undefined) {
+        throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse verb position ${JSON.stringify(tokens[1].text)}`);
+    }
+    let rest = tokens.slice(2);
+    const negated = rest[0]?.kind === 'word' && rest[0].text === 'NOT';
+    if (negated) {
+        rest = rest.slice(1);
+    }
+    const contexts = [];
+    const tags = [];
+    const payloadTokens = [];
+    for (const token of rest) {
+        if (token.kind === 'word' && token.text.startsWith('@') && token.text.length > 1) {
+            contexts.push(token.text.slice(1));
+        }
+        else if (token.kind === 'word' && token.text.startsWith('#') && token.text.length > 1) {
+            const body = token.text.slice(1);
+            const colonAt = body.indexOf(':');
+            tags.push(colonAt === -1 ? { key: body } : { key: body.slice(0, colonAt), value: body.slice(colonAt + 1) });
+        }
+        else {
+            payloadTokens.push(token);
+        }
+    }
+    let payload;
+    if (payloadTokens.length === 0) {
+        payload = { kind: 'any' };
+    }
+    else if (payloadTokens[0].kind === 'word' && payloadTokens[0].text.endsWith(':') && payloadTokens[0].text.length > 1) {
+        if (payloadTokens.length !== 2) {
+            throw new Error('CAVE-Q: attribute patterns take exactly one value slot (spec §12.1)');
+        }
+        payload = { kind: 'attribute', attribute: payloadTokens[0].text.slice(0, -1), value: slotOf(payloadTokens[1]) };
+    }
+    else if (payloadTokens.length === 1) {
+        payload = { kind: 'object', object: slotOf(payloadTokens[0]) };
+    }
+    else {
+        throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse payload ${JSON.stringify(payloadTokens.map(token => token.text).join(' '))}`);
+    }
+    const filters = filterLines.map((line, at) => {
+        const filterTokens = Token.tokenize(Token.splitComment(line).head);
+        const [keyword, ...rest_] = filterTokens;
+        if (keyword?.kind !== 'word' || keyword.text !== 'WHERE') {
+            throw new Error(`CAVE-Q line ${at + 2}: expected WHERE, got ${JSON.stringify(keyword?.text ?? '')}`);
+        }
+        return parseFilter(rest_, at + 2);
+    });
+    return { subject, verb, payload, negated, contexts, tags, filters };
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=pattern.js.map

package/dist/src/pattern.js.map

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package/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "name": "@cavelang/query",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "description": "CAVE-Q — graph-pattern queries (?x vars, wildcards, inverse verbs, transitive hops, WHERE filters) compiled to SQL.",
+  "license": "CC0-1.0",
+  "author": "Mirek Rusin (https://github.com/mirek)",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/mirek/cave.git",
+    "directory": "packages/query"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=22.18"
+  },
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./dist/src/index.d.ts",
+      "default": "./dist/src/index.js"
+    }
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "dist",
+    "!dist/test",
+    "!dist/tsconfig.tsbuildinfo",
+    "src",
+    "!src/**/*.test.ts",
+    "README.md",
+    "License.md"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@cavelang/canonical": "0.1.0",
+    "@cavelang/core": "0.1.0",
+    "@cavelang/parser": "0.1.0",
+    "@cavelang/store": "0.1.0"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "build": "tsc -b",
+    "test": "node --disable-warning=ExperimentalWarning --test 'test/*.test.ts'",
+    "typecheck": "tsc -b"
+  }
+}

package/src/compile.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+/**
+ * CAVE-Q → SQL compilation (spec §12).
+ *
+ * Patterns run over *current beliefs* by default — the latest transaction
+ * per claim key (spec §9.1) — pass `all` to match the full history.
+ * Inverse verbs compile to the same physical query as their primary
+ * (spec §12.1): `?x PART-OF monorepo` and `monorepo CONTAINS ?x` produce
+ * identical SQL against canonical rows, with the pattern's subject binding
+ * on the object side.
+ *
+ * Transitive patterns (`terrier EXTENDS+ animal`) compile to a recursive
+ * CTE over current, positive, non-retracted edges (depth-capped at 32).
+ */
+
+import { Uuidv7, Value } from '@cavelang/core'
+import { Registry } from '@cavelang/canonical'
+import type { Row, Store } from '@cavelang/store'
+import * as Pattern from './pattern.ts'
+
+/** One query solution: variable bindings plus the matched row (absent for transitive hops). */
+export type Match = {
+  readonly bindings: Readonly<Record<string, string>>
+  readonly row?: Row.t
+}
+
+export type Options = {
+  /** Match all appended rows, not only current beliefs. */
+  readonly all?: boolean
+}
+
+const currentSql = `
+SELECT c.* FROM cave_claim c
+JOIN (
+  SELECT claim_key, MAX(tx) AS max_tx
+  FROM cave_claim GROUP BY claim_key
+) latest ON c.claim_key = latest.claim_key AND c.tx = latest.max_tx
+`
+
+/**
+ * UUIDv7 interval `[lo, hi)` for a tx filter value: a bare date covers the
+ * whole UTC day, a timestamp covers one second. Interval semantics keep
+ * adjacent operators distinguishable (`<=` includes the boundary day that
+ * `<` excludes) and make `WHERE tx = 2026-01-01` mean "recorded that day".
+ */
+const txBounds = (text: string): { lo: string, hi: string } => {
+  const hasTime = text.includes('T')
+  const start = Date.parse(hasTime ? text : `${text}T00:00:00Z`)
+  if (Number.isNaN(start)) {
+    throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse tx date ${JSON.stringify(text)}`)
+  }
+  const end = start + (hasTime ? 1_000 : 86_400_000)
+  return { lo: Uuidv7.at(start, 0, new Uint8Array(8)), hi: Uuidv7.at(end, 0, new Uint8Array(8)) }
+}
+
+type Compiled = {
+  readonly sql: string
+  readonly params: (string | number)[]
+  readonly bind: (row: Record<string, unknown>) => Record<string, string>
+  readonly transitive: boolean
+}
+
+const compile = (pattern: Pattern.t, registry: Registry.t, options: Options): Compiled => {
+  // Inverse resolution (spec §12.1): swap the pattern's endpoint slots and
+  // query the primary verb.
+  let verb = pattern.verb
+  let subjectSlot = pattern.subject
+  let objectSlot: undefined | Pattern.Slot =
+    pattern.payload.kind === 'object' ? pattern.payload.object : undefined
+  if (verb.kind === 'verb') {
+    const { primary, isInverse } = Registry.primaryOf(registry, verb.name)
+    if (isInverse) {
+      if (pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+        throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: inverse verb ${verb.name} cannot take an attribute pattern`)
+      }
+      const swapped = objectSlot ?? { kind: 'wildcard' as const }
+      objectSlot = subjectSlot
+      subjectSlot = swapped
+      verb = { kind: 'verb', name: primary, transitive: verb.transitive }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (verb.kind === 'verb' && verb.transitive) {
+    return compileTransitive(pattern, verb.name, subjectSlot, objectSlot, options)
+  }
+
+  const conditions: string[] = [`c.negated = ${pattern.negated ? 1 : 0}`]
+  const params: (string | number)[] = []
+  /** var name → row columns it binds; repeated vars add join conditions. */
+  const varColumns = new Map<string, string[]>()
+  const slot = (value: Pattern.Slot, column: string, requireNotNull: boolean): void => {
+    switch (value.kind) {
+      case 'term':
+        // A date/number term in object position must also match metric
+        // rows, which store their value in value_text with object NULL
+        // (`latency IS 30ms` ⇒ pattern `latency IS 30ms` matches).
+        if (column === 'object') {
+          const parsed = Value.parse(value.text)
+          if (parsed.kind === 'number' || parsed.kind === 'date') {
+            conditions.push('(c.object = ? OR (c.object IS NULL AND c.value_text = ?))')
+            params.push(value.text, value.text)
+            return
+          }
+        }
+        conditions.push(`c.${column} = ?`)
+        params.push(value.text)
+        return
+      case 'var': {
+        const columns = varColumns.get(value.name) ?? []
+        columns.push(column)
+        varColumns.set(value.name, columns)
+        if (requireNotNull) {
+          conditions.push(`c.${column} IS NOT NULL`)
+        }
+        return
+      }
+      case 'wildcard':
+        if (requireNotNull) {
+          conditions.push(`c.${column} IS NOT NULL`)
+        }
+        return
+    }
+  }
+
+  slot(subjectSlot, 'subject', false)
+  if (verb.kind === 'verb') {
+    conditions.push('c.verb = ?')
+    params.push(verb.name)
+  } else if (verb.kind === 'var') {
+    const columns = varColumns.get(verb.name) ?? []
+    columns.push('verb')
+    varColumns.set(verb.name, columns)
+  }
+  if (objectSlot !== undefined) {
+    slot(objectSlot, 'object', true)
+  }
+  if (pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+    conditions.push('c.attribute = ?')
+    params.push(pattern.payload.attribute)
+    slot(pattern.payload.value, 'value_text', true)
+  }
+  for (const columns of varColumns.values()) {
+    for (let i = 1; i < columns.length; i++) {
+      conditions.push(`c.${columns[0]} = c.${columns[i]}`)
+    }
+  }
+  for (const context of pattern.contexts) {
+    conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_context x WHERE x.claim_id = c.id AND x.context = ?)')
+    params.push(context)
+  }
+  for (const tag of pattern.tags) {
+    if (tag.value === undefined) {
+      conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value IS NULL)')
+      params.push(tag.key)
+    } else {
+      conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value = ?)')
+      params.push(tag.key, tag.value)
+    }
+  }
+  for (const filter of pattern.filters) {
+    switch (filter.field) {
+      case 'conf':
+        conditions.push(`c.conf ${filter.op} ?`)
+        params.push(filter.value)
+        break
+      case 'tag':
+        if (filter.value === undefined) {
+          conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ?)')
+          params.push(filter.key)
+        } else {
+          conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_tag t WHERE t.claim_id = c.id AND t.key = ? AND t.value = ?)')
+          params.push(filter.key, filter.value)
+        }
+        break
+      case 'context':
+        conditions.push('EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cave_context x WHERE x.claim_id = c.id AND x.context = ?)')
+        params.push(filter.value)
+        break
+      case 'value':
+        conditions.push(`c.value_num ${filter.op} ?`)
+        params.push(filter.value)
+        if (filter.unit !== undefined) {
+          conditions.push('c.value_unit = ?')
+          params.push(filter.unit)
+        }
+        break
+      case 'tx': {
+        const { lo, hi } = txBounds(filter.value)
+        switch (filter.op) {
+          case '>':
+            conditions.push('c.tx >= ?')
+            params.push(hi)
+            break
+          case '>=':
+            conditions.push('c.tx >= ?')
+            params.push(lo)
+            break
+          case '<':
+            conditions.push('c.tx < ?')
+            params.push(lo)
+            break
+          case '<=':
+            conditions.push('c.tx < ?')
+            params.push(hi)
+            break
+          case '=':
+            conditions.push('(c.tx >= ? AND c.tx < ?)')
+            params.push(lo, hi)
+            break
+          case '!=':
+            conditions.push('(c.tx < ? OR c.tx >= ?)')
+            params.push(lo, hi)
+            break
+        }
+        break
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Positive patterns match supported beliefs: a retracted (@ 0%) current
+  // belief has no current support (§9.3) and is skipped — mirroring the
+  // transitive CTE and store traversal — unless the query asks about
+  // confidence explicitly or runs over the full history.
+  if (options.all !== true && !pattern.filters.some(filter => filter.field === 'conf')) {
+    conditions.push('c.conf > 0')
+  }
+
+  const base = options.all === true ? 'SELECT * FROM cave_claim' : currentSql
+  const sql = `SELECT c.* FROM (${base}) c WHERE ${conditions.join(' AND ')} ORDER BY c.tx`
+  const bind = (row: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, string> => {
+    const bindings: Record<string, string> = {}
+    for (const [name, columns] of varColumns) {
+      bindings[name] = String(row[columns[0]!])
+    }
+    return bindings
+  }
+  return { sql, params, bind, transitive: false }
+}
+
+const compileTransitive = (
+  pattern: Pattern.t,
+  verb: string,
+  subjectSlot: Pattern.Slot,
+  objectSlot: undefined | Pattern.Slot,
+  options: Options
+): Compiled => {
+  if (pattern.negated || pattern.filters.length > 0 || pattern.contexts.length > 0 || pattern.tags.length > 0 ||
+      pattern.payload.kind === 'attribute') {
+    throw new Error('CAVE-Q: transitive patterns support subject/object slots only (spec §12.1)')
+  }
+  const base = options.all === true ? 'SELECT * FROM cave_claim' : currentSql
+  const conditions: string[] = []
+  const params: (string | number)[] = [verb]
+  if (subjectSlot.kind === 'term') {
+    conditions.push('h.src = ?')
+    params.push(subjectSlot.text)
+  }
+  if (objectSlot?.kind === 'term') {
+    conditions.push('h.dst = ?')
+    params.push(objectSlot.text)
+  }
+  // A repeated variable forces equality here just as in single-hop
+  // patterns: `?x EXTENDS+ ?x` asks for nodes on a cycle, not for every
+  // reachable pair.
+  if (subjectSlot.kind === 'var' && objectSlot?.kind === 'var' && subjectSlot.name === objectSlot.name) {
+    conditions.push('h.src = h.dst')
+  }
+  const sql = `
+WITH RECURSIVE cur AS (
+  SELECT c.subject AS src, c.object AS dst
+  FROM (${base}) c
+  WHERE c.verb = ? AND c.negated = 0 AND c.conf > 0 AND c.object IS NOT NULL
+), hops(src, dst, depth) AS (
+  SELECT src, dst, 1 FROM cur
+  UNION
+  SELECT h.src, cur.dst, h.depth + 1 FROM hops h JOIN cur ON cur.src = h.dst
+  WHERE h.depth < 32
+)
+SELECT DISTINCT h.src AS src, h.dst AS dst FROM hops h
+${conditions.length > 0 ? `WHERE ${conditions.join(' AND ')}` : ''}
+ORDER BY h.src, h.dst`
+  const bind = (row: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, string> => {
+    const bindings: Record<string, string> = {}
+    if (subjectSlot.kind === 'var') {
+      bindings[subjectSlot.name] = String(row['src'])
+    }
+    if (objectSlot?.kind === 'var') {
+      bindings[objectSlot.name] = String(row['dst'])
+    }
+    return bindings
+  }
+  return { sql, params, bind, transitive: true }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs a CAVE-Q query against a store.
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')
+ * query(store, '?cause CAUSE app/crash\n  WHERE conf >= 0.7')
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')
+ * ```
+ */
+export const query = (store: Store, input: string, options: Options = {}): Match[] => {
+  const pattern = Pattern.parse(input)
+  const compiled = compile(pattern, store.registry(), options)
+  const rows = store.db.prepare(compiled.sql).all(...compiled.params) as Record<string, unknown>[]
+  return rows.map(row =>
+    compiled.transitive ?
+      { bindings: compiled.bind(row) } :
+      { bindings: compiled.bind(row), row: row as unknown as Row.t }
+  )
+}

package/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/**
+ * `@cavelang/query` — CAVE-Q, the graph-pattern query layer (spec §12).
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * import { query } from '@cavelang/query'
+ *
+ * query(store, '?x USES jwt')                    // [{ bindings: { x: 'auth/middleware' }, row }]
+ * query(store, '?x HAS bug: ?bug #security')
+ * query(store, '?x PART-OF monorepo')            // inverse verbs compile to canonical rows
+ * query(store, 'terrier EXTENDS+ animal')        // transitive
+ * ```
+ */
+
+export * as Pattern from './pattern.ts'
+export { query } from './compile.ts'
+export type { Match, Options } from './compile.ts'

package/src/pattern.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/**
+ * CAVE-Q patterns (spec §12.1).
+ *
+ * ```cave
+ * ?x USES jwt                       ; all systems using jwt
+ * ?x HAS bug: ?bug #security        ; all security bugs
+ * ?cause CAUSE app/crash            ; candidate causes
+ *   WHERE conf >= 0.7
+ * ?x ?verb ?y @production           ; all production facts
+ * terrier EXTENDS+ animal           ; transitive hops
+ * _ USES jwt                        ; wildcard
+ * ```
+ *
+ * A query is one pattern line followed by any number of `WHERE` filter
+ * lines (spec §12.2), indented or not.
+ */
+
+import { Confidence, Verb } from '@cavelang/core'
+import { Token } from '@cavelang/parser'
+
+/** A pattern slot: named variable, wildcard `_`, or a bound term. */
+export type Slot =
+  | { readonly kind: 'var', readonly name: string }
+  | { readonly kind: 'wildcard' }
+  | { readonly kind: 'term', readonly text: string }
+
+/** Verb position: concrete verb (possibly transitive `VERB+`), variable, or wildcard. */
+export type VerbSlot =
+  | { readonly kind: 'verb', readonly name: string, readonly transitive: boolean }
+  | { readonly kind: 'var', readonly name: string }
+  | { readonly kind: 'wildcard' }
+
+export type PayloadPattern =
+  | { readonly kind: 'object', readonly object: Slot }
+  | { readonly kind: 'attribute', readonly attribute: string, readonly value: Slot }
+  | { readonly kind: 'any' }
+
+export type FilterOp = '=' | '!=' | '>' | '>=' | '<' | '<='
+
+export type Filter =
+  | { readonly field: 'conf', readonly op: FilterOp, readonly value: number }
+  | { readonly field: 'tag', readonly op: '=', readonly key: string, readonly value?: string }
+  | { readonly field: 'context', readonly op: '=', readonly value: string }
+  | { readonly field: 'value', readonly op: FilterOp, readonly value: number, readonly unit?: string }
+  | { readonly field: 'tx', readonly op: FilterOp, readonly value: string }
+
+export type Pattern = {
+  readonly subject: Slot
+  readonly verb: VerbSlot
+  readonly payload: PayloadPattern
+  readonly negated: boolean
+  /** `@ctx` filters on the pattern line. */
+  readonly contexts: readonly string[]
+  /** `#tag[:value]` filters on the pattern line. */
+  readonly tags: readonly { key: string, value?: string }[]
+  readonly filters: readonly Filter[]
+}
+
+export type t = Pattern
+
+const filterOps: readonly FilterOp[] = ['>=', '<=', '!=', '=', '>', '<']
+
+const isFilterOp = (text: string): text is FilterOp =>
+  filterOps.includes(text as FilterOp)
+
+const slotOf = (token: Token.t): Slot => {
+  if (token.kind === 'word') {
+    if (token.text === '_') {
+      return { kind: 'wildcard' }
+    }
+    if (token.text.startsWith('?')) {
+      return { kind: 'var', name: token.text.slice(1) }
+    }
+    return { kind: 'term', text: token.text }
+  }
+  const delimiter = token.kind === 'code' ? '`' : '"'
+  return { kind: 'term', text: `${delimiter}${token.text}${delimiter}` }
+}
+
+const verbSlotOf = (token: Token.t): undefined | VerbSlot => {
+  if (token.kind !== 'word') {
+    return undefined
+  }
+  if (token.text === '_') {
+    return { kind: 'wildcard' }
+  }
+  if (token.text.startsWith('?')) {
+    return { kind: 'var', name: token.text.slice(1) }
+  }
+  const transitive = token.text.endsWith('+')
+  const name = transitive ? token.text.slice(0, -1) : token.text
+  return Verb.isVerbToken(name) ? { kind: 'verb', name, transitive } : undefined
+}
+
+const parseFilter = (tokens: readonly Token.t[], lineNo: number): Filter => {
+  const [field, op, ...valueTokens] = tokens
+  const bad = (message: string): never => {
+    throw new Error(`CAVE-Q line ${lineNo}: ${message}`)
+  }
+  if (field?.kind !== 'word' || op?.kind !== 'word' || valueTokens.length === 0) {
+    return bad('expected "WHERE <field> <op> <value>" (spec §12.2)')
+  }
+  if (!isFilterOp(op.text)) {
+    return bad(`unknown operator ${JSON.stringify(op.text)}`)
+  }
+  const valueText = valueTokens.map(token => token.text).join(' ')
+  switch (field.text) {
+    case 'conf': {
+      const conf = valueText.endsWith('%') ? Confidence.parse(valueText) : Number(valueText)
+      if (conf === undefined || Number.isNaN(conf)) {
+        return bad(`cannot parse confidence ${JSON.stringify(valueText)}`)
+      }
+      return { field: 'conf', op: op.text, value: conf }
+    }
+    case 'tag': {
+      if (op.text !== '=') {
+        return bad('tag filters support = only')
+      }
+      const colonAt = valueText.indexOf(':')
+      return colonAt === -1 ?
+        { field: 'tag', op: '=', key: valueText } :
+        { field: 'tag', op: '=', key: valueText.slice(0, colonAt), value: valueText.slice(colonAt + 1) }
+    }
+    case 'context': {
+      if (op.text !== '=') {
+        return bad('context filters support = only')
+      }
+      return { field: 'context', op: '=', value: valueText }
+    }
+    case 'value': {
+      const match = /^(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)(?:\s+(.+))?$/.exec(valueText)
+      if (!match) {
+        return bad(`cannot parse value filter ${JSON.stringify(valueText)}`)
+      }
+      const unit = match[2]
+      return { field: 'value', op: op.text, value: Number(match[1]), ...unit === undefined ? {} : { unit } }
+    }
+    case 'tx':
+      return { field: 'tx', op: op.text, value: valueText }
+    default:
+      return bad(`unknown filter field ${JSON.stringify(field.text)}`)
+  }
+}
+
+/** Parses a CAVE-Q query: one pattern line plus `WHERE` filter lines. */
+export const parse = (input: string): Pattern => {
+  const lines = input
+    .split(/\r?\n/)
+    .map(line => line.trim())
+    .filter(line => line !== '' && !line.startsWith(';'))
+  if (lines.length === 0) {
+    throw new Error('CAVE-Q: empty query')
+  }
+  const [patternLine, ...filterLines] = lines
+  const { head } = Token.splitComment(patternLine!)
+  const tokens = Token.tokenize(head)
+  if (tokens.length < 2) {
+    throw new Error('CAVE-Q: a pattern needs at least a subject and a verb (spec §12.1)')
+  }
+  const subject = slotOf(tokens[0]!)
+  const verb = verbSlotOf(tokens[1]!)
+  if (verb === undefined) {
+    throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse verb position ${JSON.stringify(tokens[1]!.text)}`)
+  }
+  let rest = tokens.slice(2)
+  const negated = rest[0]?.kind === 'word' && rest[0].text === 'NOT'
+  if (negated) {
+    rest = rest.slice(1)
+  }
+  const contexts: string[] = []
+  const tags: { key: string, value?: string }[] = []
+  const payloadTokens: Token.t[] = []
+  for (const token of rest) {
+    if (token.kind === 'word' && token.text.startsWith('@') && token.text.length > 1) {
+      contexts.push(token.text.slice(1))
+    } else if (token.kind === 'word' && token.text.startsWith('#') && token.text.length > 1) {
+      const body = token.text.slice(1)
+      const colonAt = body.indexOf(':')
+      tags.push(colonAt === -1 ? { key: body } : { key: body.slice(0, colonAt), value: body.slice(colonAt + 1) })
+    } else {
+      payloadTokens.push(token)
+    }
+  }
+  let payload: PayloadPattern
+  if (payloadTokens.length === 0) {
+    payload = { kind: 'any' }
+  } else if (payloadTokens[0]!.kind === 'word' && payloadTokens[0]!.text.endsWith(':') && payloadTokens[0]!.text.length > 1) {
+    if (payloadTokens.length !== 2) {
+      throw new Error('CAVE-Q: attribute patterns take exactly one value slot (spec §12.1)')
+    }
+    payload = { kind: 'attribute', attribute: payloadTokens[0]!.text.slice(0, -1), value: slotOf(payloadTokens[1]!) }
+  } else if (payloadTokens.length === 1) {
+    payload = { kind: 'object', object: slotOf(payloadTokens[0]!) }
+  } else {
+    throw new Error(`CAVE-Q: cannot parse payload ${JSON.stringify(payloadTokens.map(token => token.text).join(' '))}`)
+  }
+  const filters = filterLines.map((line, at) => {
+    const filterTokens = Token.tokenize(Token.splitComment(line).head)
+    const [keyword, ...rest_] = filterTokens
+    if (keyword?.kind !== 'word' || keyword.text !== 'WHERE') {
+      throw new Error(`CAVE-Q line ${at + 2}: expected WHERE, got ${JSON.stringify(keyword?.text ?? '')}`)
+    }
+    return parseFilter(rest_, at + 2)
+  })
+  return { subject, verb, payload, negated, contexts, tags, filters }
+}