@caelo-cms/provisioning 0.11.5 → 0.11.7

package/dist/compose.d.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@ export interface DevImages {
 export type ComposeImages = ReleaseImages | DevImages;
 /** The admin's HTTP port inside the Compose network (the Caddyfile proxies to it). */
 export declare const COMPOSE_ADMIN_PORT = 5173;
+/**
+ * #1254 — the Compose install's connection budget: one admin and one
+ * gateway container on a Postgres started with exactly
+ * `DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"]` slots (the postgres service's
+ * `command`), so the pool sizes below always match the server.
+ */
+export declare const COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET: import("./pool-budget-stack.js").StackPoolBudget;
 /** `.caelo/<this>/` holds the pending Owner-bootstrap token the admin consumes. */
 export declare const BOOTSTRAP_DIR = "bootstrap";
 /**

package/dist/compose.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/compose.js

@@ -27,10 +27,26 @@
  */
 import { CADDY_REDIRECTS_FILE } from "@caelo-cms/shared";
 import { caddyRedirectReloadCommand } from "./caddy-redirects.js";
+import { DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS, stackPoolBudget } from "./pool-budget-stack.js";
 import { ADMIN_MEMORY_DEFAULT, GATEWAY_TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS, memoryQuantityMiB, publicSiteUrl, TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS_ENV, } from "./stack-contract.js";
 import { ghcrRepository, isImageDigest } from "./upgrade/release-images.js";
 /** The admin's HTTP port inside the Compose network (the Caddyfile proxies to it). */
 export const COMPOSE_ADMIN_PORT = 5173;
+/**
+ * #1254 — the Compose install's connection budget: one admin and one
+ * gateway container on a Postgres started with exactly
+ * `DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"]` slots (the postgres service's
+ * `command`), so the pool sizes below always match the server.
+ */
+export const COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET = stackPoolBudget("self-hosted", {
+    maxConnections: DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"],
+    adminMaxInstances: 1,
+    gatewayMaxInstances: 1,
+});
+/** The budget's env as Compose `environment:` lines for `service`. */
+function poolEnvLines(service) {
+    return COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET.env[service].map((e) => `      ${e.name}: "${e.value}"`).join("\n");
+}
 /** `.caelo/<this>/` holds the pending Owner-bootstrap token the admin consumes. */
 export const BOOTSTRAP_DIR = "bootstrap";
 /**
@@ -154,6 +170,8 @@ name: ${spec.project}
 services:
   postgres:
     image: postgres:16-alpine
+    # The pool budget (COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET) is computed from this number.
+    command: ["postgres", "-c", "max_connections=${DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"]}"]
     restart: unless-stopped
     environment:
       POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "${escapeYaml(spec.postgresPassword)}"
@@ -266,6 +284,7 @@ ${serviceRuntime(spec.images, "admin", `sh -c "cd apps/admin && bunx svelte-kit
       CAELO_OUTPUT_ROOT: "${SITE_OUTPUT_ROOT}"
       MEDIA_ROOT_DIR: "${MEDIA_ROOT}"
       CAELO_PROVIDER: "self-hosted"
+${poolEnvLines("admin")}
       NODE_ENV: production
 ${env("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY", spec.anthropicApiKey)}
 ${env("RESEND_API_KEY", spec.resendApiKey)}`;
@@ -283,6 +302,7 @@ ${serviceRuntime(spec.images, "gateway", "bun run apps/api-gateway/src/server.ts
       GATEWAY_PORT: "${COMPOSE_GATEWAY_PORT}"
       # Caddy is the one proxy in front (client-ip.ts in the gateway).
       ${TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS_ENV}: "${GATEWAY_TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS["self-hosted"]}"
+${poolEnvLines("gateway")}
       # #806 — no remote MCP here: it rides Google IAP, which this install
       # does not have. CAELO_ADMIN_URL / CAELO_MCP_PUBLIC_URL /
       # CAELO_OPERATOR_OAUTH_CLIENT_FILE stay unset, so the gateway's /api/mcp/*

package/dist/compose.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/pool-budget-stack.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/**
+ * #1254 — each adapter's connection budget (CLAUDE.md §11.B / §11.C): what
+ * its Postgres reserves for itself, which jobs it runs, and the default
+ * `max_connections` it provisions. The formula itself is shared
+ * (`@caelo-cms/shared` pool-budget.ts); this file only states each
+ * provider's inputs, so every stack sizes its pools the same way and a
+ * stack that sets a number the formula refuses fails at `pulumi preview`,
+ * not under load.
+ *
+ * docs/dev/connection-budget.md explains the reserves.
+ */
+import { type PoolBudget } from "@caelo-cms/shared";
+/** The adapters that provision a Postgres server. */
+export type BudgetProvider = "gcp" | "gcp-firebase" | "aws" | "azure" | "self-hosted";
+/** The fixed reserves of one provider (the part of {@link PoolBudgetInput} it decides). */
+export interface ProviderReserves {
+    readonly maintenanceReserve: number;
+    readonly migrationsReserve: number;
+    readonly jobsReserve: number;
+    readonly concurrentBuilds: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Reserves per provider.
+ *
+ * - maintenance: Postgres keeps `superuser_reserved_connections` (3) for
+ *   itself; Cloud SQL's `cloudsqladmin` and RDS's `rdsadmin` agents take
+ *   about two more; Azure Flexible Server keeps 15 for replication and
+ *   monitoring.
+ * - migrations: one connection per database of a migration run.
+ * - jobs: the GCP installs run the operator-access sync, upgrader and
+ *   converge jobs (one serial query stream each, plus one spare); the other
+ *   adapters run lifecycle commands from the operator's machine (backup).
+ * - builds: a Stage, a Publish live and a plugin-data build can overlap.
+ */
+export declare const PROVIDER_RESERVES: Readonly<Record<BudgetProvider, ProviderReserves>>;
+/**
+ * `max_connections` each adapter provisions unless the operator sets the
+ * `maxConnections` knob. Every stack sets the server parameter to this value
+ * explicitly, so the budget never depends on a tier's implicit default
+ * (db-f1-micro's is 25, RDS derives it from instance memory).
+ */
+export declare const DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS: Readonly<Record<BudgetProvider, number>>;
+/**
+ * Gateway instances a GCP stack lets Cloud Run start (`gatewayMaxInstances`
+ * knob). Before #1254 it was a hard-coded 100, which at even the minimum
+ * pool of 2 asks for twice the server's 100 slots; ten instances serve
+ * 800 concurrent visitor requests at Cloud Run's default concurrency.
+ */
+export declare const DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES = 10;
+/** The server and scale-out a stack sizes its pools for. */
+export interface StackScale {
+    readonly maxConnections: number;
+    /** Every instance that opens the admin's pools (admin-side services included). */
+    readonly adminMaxInstances: number;
+    readonly gatewayMaxInstances: number;
+}
+/** A stack's budget plus the env each service sets from it. */
+export interface StackPoolBudget {
+    readonly budget: PoolBudget;
+    readonly env: {
+        readonly admin: {
+            readonly name: string;
+            readonly value: string;
+        }[];
+        readonly gateway: {
+            readonly name: string;
+            readonly value: string;
+        }[];
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * The budget of a `provider` install at `scale`.
+ *
+ * @throws Error (from the shared formula) naming the connections needed when
+ *   the server is too small for the configured scale-out.
+ */
+export declare function stackPoolBudget(provider: BudgetProvider, scale: StackScale): StackPoolBudget;
+//# sourceMappingURL=pool-budget-stack.d.ts.map

package/dist/pool-budget-stack.d.ts.map

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package/dist/pool-budget-stack.js

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+/**
+ * #1254 — each adapter's connection budget (CLAUDE.md §11.B / §11.C): what
+ * its Postgres reserves for itself, which jobs it runs, and the default
+ * `max_connections` it provisions. The formula itself is shared
+ * (`@caelo-cms/shared` pool-budget.ts); this file only states each
+ * provider's inputs, so every stack sizes its pools the same way and a
+ * stack that sets a number the formula refuses fails at `pulumi preview`,
+ * not under load.
+ *
+ * docs/dev/connection-budget.md explains the reserves.
+ */
+import { computePoolBudget, poolBudgetEnv, } from "@caelo-cms/shared";
+/**
+ * Reserves per provider.
+ *
+ * - maintenance: Postgres keeps `superuser_reserved_connections` (3) for
+ *   itself; Cloud SQL's `cloudsqladmin` and RDS's `rdsadmin` agents take
+ *   about two more; Azure Flexible Server keeps 15 for replication and
+ *   monitoring.
+ * - migrations: one connection per database of a migration run.
+ * - jobs: the GCP installs run the operator-access sync, upgrader and
+ *   converge jobs (one serial query stream each, plus one spare); the other
+ *   adapters run lifecycle commands from the operator's machine (backup).
+ * - builds: a Stage, a Publish live and a plugin-data build can overlap.
+ */
+export const PROVIDER_RESERVES = {
+    gcp: { maintenanceReserve: 5, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 4, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+    "gcp-firebase": {
+        maintenanceReserve: 5,
+        migrationsReserve: 2,
+        jobsReserve: 4,
+        concurrentBuilds: 2,
+    },
+    aws: { maintenanceReserve: 5, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 2, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+    azure: { maintenanceReserve: 15, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 2, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+    "self-hosted": {
+        maintenanceReserve: 3,
+        migrationsReserve: 2,
+        jobsReserve: 2,
+        concurrentBuilds: 2,
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `max_connections` each adapter provisions unless the operator sets the
+ * `maxConnections` knob. Every stack sets the server parameter to this value
+ * explicitly, so the budget never depends on a tier's implicit default
+ * (db-f1-micro's is 25, RDS derives it from instance memory).
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS = {
+    gcp: 100,
+    "gcp-firebase": 100,
+    aws: 100,
+    // The default Standard_B2s server allows up to 429.
+    azure: 429,
+    "self-hosted": 100,
+};
+/**
+ * Gateway instances a GCP stack lets Cloud Run start (`gatewayMaxInstances`
+ * knob). Before #1254 it was a hard-coded 100, which at even the minimum
+ * pool of 2 asks for twice the server's 100 slots; ten instances serve
+ * 800 concurrent visitor requests at Cloud Run's default concurrency.
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES = 10;
+/**
+ * The budget of a `provider` install at `scale`.
+ *
+ * @throws Error (from the shared formula) naming the connections needed when
+ *   the server is too small for the configured scale-out.
+ */
+export function stackPoolBudget(provider, scale) {
+    const budget = computePoolBudget({ ...PROVIDER_RESERVES[provider], ...scale });
+    return {
+        budget,
+        env: { admin: poolBudgetEnv(budget, "admin"), gateway: poolBudgetEnv(budget, "gateway") },
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=pool-budget-stack.js.map

package/dist/pool-budget-stack.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"pool-budget-stack.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/pool-budget-stack.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,mCAAmC;AAEnC;;;;;;;;;;GAUG;AAEH,OAAO,EACL,iBAAiB,EAGjB,aAAa,GACd,MAAM,mBAAmB,CAAC;AAa3B;;;;;;;;;;;;GAYG;AACH,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,iBAAiB,GAAuD;IACnF,GAAG,EAAE,EAAE,kBAAkB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE;IACzF,cAAc,EAAE;QACd,kBAAkB,EAAE,CAAC;QACrB,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC;QACpB,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC;QACd,gBAAgB,EAAE,CAAC;KACpB;IACD,GAAG,EAAE,EAAE,kBAAkB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE;IACzF,KAAK,EAAE,EAAE,kBAAkB,EAAE,EAAE,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE;IAC5F,aAAa,EAAE;QACb,kBAAkB,EAAE,CAAC;QACrB,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC;QACpB,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC;QACd,gBAAgB,EAAE,CAAC;KACpB;CACF,CAAC;AAEF;;;;;GAKG;AACH,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,uBAAuB,GAA6C;IAC/E,GAAG,EAAE,GAAG;IACR,cAAc,EAAE,GAAG;IACnB,GAAG,EAAE,GAAG;IACR,oDAAoD;IACpD,KAAK,EAAE,GAAG;IACV,aAAa,EAAE,GAAG;CACnB,CAAC;AAEF;;;;;GAKG;AACH,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,6BAA6B,GAAG,EAAE,CAAC;AAmBhD;;;;;GAKG;AACH,MAAM,UAAU,eAAe,CAAC,QAAwB,EAAE,KAAiB;IACzE,MAAM,MAAM,GAAG,iBAAiB,CAAC,EAAE,GAAG,iBAAiB,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,GAAG,KAAK,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;IAC/E,OAAO;QACL,MAAM;QACN,GAAG,EAAE,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,aAAa,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,aAAa,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,EAAE;KAC1F,CAAC;AACJ,CAAC"}

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@caelo-cms/provisioning",
-  "version": "0.11.5",
+  "version": "0.11.7",
   "private": false,
   "license": "MPL-2.0",
   "description": "Pulumi-driven provisioning for Caelo CMS — `bunx @caelo-cms/provisioning --provider <self-hosted|gcp|aws|azure>` brings up a TLS-served install with Postgres + storage + secrets manager + the admin + the API gateway.",
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
     "prepublishOnly": "tsc -b --force && bun build ../platform-updater/src/agent-db.ts --target=bun --outfile=dist/agent-db.js && tsc --project stacks/gcp/tsconfig.json && tsc --project stacks/gcp-firebase/tsconfig.json"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@caelo-cms/shared": "^0.11.5",
+    "@caelo-cms/shared": "^0.11.7",
     "@clack/prompts": "1.8.1",
     "@pulumi/command": "^1",
     "@pulumi/gcp": "^10",

package/src/compose.ts

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 import { CADDY_REDIRECTS_FILE } from "@caelo-cms/shared";
 import { caddyRedirectReloadCommand } from "./caddy-redirects.js";
+import { DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS, stackPoolBudget } from "./pool-budget-stack.js";
 import {
   ADMIN_MEMORY_DEFAULT,
   GATEWAY_TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS,
@@ -58,6 +59,23 @@ export type ComposeImages = ReleaseImages | DevImages;
 
 /** The admin's HTTP port inside the Compose network (the Caddyfile proxies to it). */
 export const COMPOSE_ADMIN_PORT = 5173;
+
+/**
+ * #1254 — the Compose install's connection budget: one admin and one
+ * gateway container on a Postgres started with exactly
+ * `DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"]` slots (the postgres service's
+ * `command`), so the pool sizes below always match the server.
+ */
+export const COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET = stackPoolBudget("self-hosted", {
+  maxConnections: DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"],
+  adminMaxInstances: 1,
+  gatewayMaxInstances: 1,
+});
+
+/** The budget's env as Compose `environment:` lines for `service`. */
+function poolEnvLines(service: "admin" | "gateway"): string {
+  return COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET.env[service].map((e) => `      ${e.name}: "${e.value}"`).join("\n");
+}
 /** `.caelo/<this>/` holds the pending Owner-bootstrap token the admin consumes. */
 export const BOOTSTRAP_DIR = "bootstrap";
 
@@ -265,6 +283,8 @@ name: ${spec.project}
 services:
   postgres:
     image: postgres:16-alpine
+    # The pool budget (COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET) is computed from this number.
+    command: ["postgres", "-c", "max_connections=${DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS["self-hosted"]}"]
     restart: unless-stopped
     environment:
       POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "${escapeYaml(spec.postgresPassword)}"
@@ -394,6 +414,7 @@ ${serviceRuntime(
       CAELO_OUTPUT_ROOT: "${SITE_OUTPUT_ROOT}"
       MEDIA_ROOT_DIR: "${MEDIA_ROOT}"
       CAELO_PROVIDER: "self-hosted"
+${poolEnvLines("admin")}
       NODE_ENV: production
 ${env("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY", spec.anthropicApiKey)}
 ${env("RESEND_API_KEY", spec.resendApiKey)}`;
@@ -412,6 +433,7 @@ ${serviceRuntime(spec.images, "gateway", "bun run apps/api-gateway/src/server.ts
       GATEWAY_PORT: "${COMPOSE_GATEWAY_PORT}"
       # Caddy is the one proxy in front (client-ip.ts in the gateway).
       ${TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS_ENV}: "${GATEWAY_TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS["self-hosted"]}"
+${poolEnvLines("gateway")}
       # #806 — no remote MCP here: it rides Google IAP, which this install
       # does not have. CAELO_ADMIN_URL / CAELO_MCP_PUBLIC_URL /
       # CAELO_OPERATOR_OAUTH_CLIENT_FILE stay unset, so the gateway's /api/mcp/*

package/src/gateway-env-isolation.test.ts

@@ -157,6 +157,8 @@ describe("self-hosted: the generated compose gateway service (#635)", () => {
     const env = gateway.slice(gateway.indexOf("    environment:"));
     const keys = [...env.matchAll(/^ {6}([A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*):/gm)].map((m) => m[1]);
     expect(keys.sort()).toEqual([
+      // #1254 — its cms_public pool size (pool-budget-stack.ts).
+      "CAELO_DB_PUBLIC_POOL_MAX",
       "CAELO_TRUSTED_PROXY_HOPS",
       "GATEWAY_PORT",
       "NODE_ENV",

package/src/pool-budget-stack.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+/**
+ * #1254 — each adapter's connection budget (CLAUDE.md §11.B / §11.C): what
+ * its Postgres reserves for itself, which jobs it runs, and the default
+ * `max_connections` it provisions. The formula itself is shared
+ * (`@caelo-cms/shared` pool-budget.ts); this file only states each
+ * provider's inputs, so every stack sizes its pools the same way and a
+ * stack that sets a number the formula refuses fails at `pulumi preview`,
+ * not under load.
+ *
+ * docs/dev/connection-budget.md explains the reserves.
+ */
+
+import {
+  computePoolBudget,
+  type PoolBudget,
+  type PoolBudgetInput,
+  poolBudgetEnv,
+} from "@caelo-cms/shared";
+
+/** The adapters that provision a Postgres server. */
+export type BudgetProvider = "gcp" | "gcp-firebase" | "aws" | "azure" | "self-hosted";
+
+/** The fixed reserves of one provider (the part of {@link PoolBudgetInput} it decides). */
+export interface ProviderReserves {
+  readonly maintenanceReserve: number;
+  readonly migrationsReserve: number;
+  readonly jobsReserve: number;
+  readonly concurrentBuilds: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reserves per provider.
+ *
+ * - maintenance: Postgres keeps `superuser_reserved_connections` (3) for
+ *   itself; Cloud SQL's `cloudsqladmin` and RDS's `rdsadmin` agents take
+ *   about two more; Azure Flexible Server keeps 15 for replication and
+ *   monitoring.
+ * - migrations: one connection per database of a migration run.
+ * - jobs: the GCP installs run the operator-access sync, upgrader and
+ *   converge jobs (one serial query stream each, plus one spare); the other
+ *   adapters run lifecycle commands from the operator's machine (backup).
+ * - builds: a Stage, a Publish live and a plugin-data build can overlap.
+ */
+export const PROVIDER_RESERVES: Readonly<Record<BudgetProvider, ProviderReserves>> = {
+  gcp: { maintenanceReserve: 5, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 4, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+  "gcp-firebase": {
+    maintenanceReserve: 5,
+    migrationsReserve: 2,
+    jobsReserve: 4,
+    concurrentBuilds: 2,
+  },
+  aws: { maintenanceReserve: 5, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 2, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+  azure: { maintenanceReserve: 15, migrationsReserve: 2, jobsReserve: 2, concurrentBuilds: 2 },
+  "self-hosted": {
+    maintenanceReserve: 3,
+    migrationsReserve: 2,
+    jobsReserve: 2,
+    concurrentBuilds: 2,
+  },
+};
+
+/**
+ * `max_connections` each adapter provisions unless the operator sets the
+ * `maxConnections` knob. Every stack sets the server parameter to this value
+ * explicitly, so the budget never depends on a tier's implicit default
+ * (db-f1-micro's is 25, RDS derives it from instance memory).
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS: Readonly<Record<BudgetProvider, number>> = {
+  gcp: 100,
+  "gcp-firebase": 100,
+  aws: 100,
+  // The default Standard_B2s server allows up to 429.
+  azure: 429,
+  "self-hosted": 100,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Gateway instances a GCP stack lets Cloud Run start (`gatewayMaxInstances`
+ * knob). Before #1254 it was a hard-coded 100, which at even the minimum
+ * pool of 2 asks for twice the server's 100 slots; ten instances serve
+ * 800 concurrent visitor requests at Cloud Run's default concurrency.
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES = 10;
+
+/** The server and scale-out a stack sizes its pools for. */
+export interface StackScale {
+  readonly maxConnections: number;
+  /** Every instance that opens the admin's pools (admin-side services included). */
+  readonly adminMaxInstances: number;
+  readonly gatewayMaxInstances: number;
+}
+
+/** A stack's budget plus the env each service sets from it. */
+export interface StackPoolBudget {
+  readonly budget: PoolBudget;
+  readonly env: {
+    readonly admin: { readonly name: string; readonly value: string }[];
+    readonly gateway: { readonly name: string; readonly value: string }[];
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * The budget of a `provider` install at `scale`.
+ *
+ * @throws Error (from the shared formula) naming the connections needed when
+ *   the server is too small for the configured scale-out.
+ */
+export function stackPoolBudget(provider: BudgetProvider, scale: StackScale): StackPoolBudget {
+  const budget = computePoolBudget({ ...PROVIDER_RESERVES[provider], ...scale });
+  return {
+    budget,
+    env: { admin: poolBudgetEnv(budget, "admin"), gateway: poolBudgetEnv(budget, "gateway") },
+  };
+}

package/src/pool-budget-stacks.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+/**
+ * #1254 — every adapter sizes its pools from the connection budget
+ * (CLAUDE.md §11.C: all four adapters). Pins the numbers each stack's
+ * defaults produce and that each stack actually sets them on its services.
+ */
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from "bun:test";
+import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import { COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET } from "./compose.js";
+import {
+  type BudgetProvider,
+  DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES,
+  DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS,
+  stackPoolBudget,
+} from "./pool-budget-stack.js";
+
+const stackSource = (provider: string): string =>
+  readFileSync(resolve(import.meta.dir, "..", "stacks", provider, "index.ts"), "utf8");
+
+/** Each stack's default scale-out, as its index.ts reads it. */
+const DEFAULT_SCALE: Record<BudgetProvider, { admin: number; gateway: number }> = {
+  gcp: { admin: 5, gateway: DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES },
+  "gcp-firebase": { admin: 5, gateway: DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES },
+  aws: { admin: 5, gateway: DEFAULT_GATEWAY_MAX_INSTANCES },
+  // admin + orchestrator + runner apps, 10 replicas each.
+  azure: { admin: 30, gateway: 10 },
+  "self-hosted": { admin: 1, gateway: 1 },
+};
+
+/** [cms_admin pool per admin instance, connections left unassigned]. */
+const EXPECTED: Record<BudgetProvider, [number, number]> = {
+  gcp: [5, 1],
+  "gcp-firebase": [5, 1],
+  aws: [5, 3],
+  azure: [7, 12],
+  "self-hosted": [77, 0],
+};
+
+describe("stack pool budgets at the default config", () => {
+  for (const provider of Object.keys(EXPECTED) as BudgetProvider[]) {
+    it(`${provider}: pools fit max_connections ${DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS[provider]}`, () => {
+      const { budget, env } = stackPoolBudget(provider, {
+        maxConnections: DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS[provider],
+        adminMaxInstances: DEFAULT_SCALE[provider].admin,
+        gatewayMaxInstances: DEFAULT_SCALE[provider].gateway,
+      });
+      expect([budget.adminPoolMax, budget.unassigned]).toEqual(EXPECTED[provider]);
+      expect(env.admin).toEqual([
+        { name: "CAELO_DB_POOL_MAX", value: String(EXPECTED[provider][0]) },
+        { name: "CAELO_DB_PUBLIC_POOL_MAX", value: "4" },
+      ]);
+      expect(env.gateway).toEqual([{ name: "CAELO_DB_PUBLIC_POOL_MAX", value: "2" }]);
+    });
+  }
+
+  it("refuses the pre-#1254 GCP gateway scale-out of 100 on 100 slots", () => {
+    expect(() =>
+      stackPoolBudget("gcp", {
+        maxConnections: 100,
+        adminMaxInstances: 5,
+        gatewayMaxInstances: 100,
+      }),
+    ).toThrow(/Raise maxConnections/);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("stacks set the budget on their services", () => {
+  for (const provider of ["gcp", "gcp-firebase"]) {
+    it(`${provider}: admin + gateway env, gateway scale-out from the knob`, () => {
+      const src = stackSource(provider);
+      expect(src).toContain(`stackPoolBudget("${provider}"`);
+      expect(src).toContain("...poolBudget.env.admin");
+      expect(src).toContain("...poolBudget.env.gateway");
+      expect(src).toContain("maxInstances: gatewayMaxInstances");
+      expect(src).not.toContain("maxInstances: 100");
+    });
+  }
+
+  it("aws: pins max_connections and exports the task env", () => {
+    const src = stackSource("aws");
+    expect(src).toContain('stackPoolBudget("aws"');
+    expect(src).toContain('name: "max_connections"');
+    expect(src).toContain("export const poolBudgetEnvOut = poolBudget.env");
+  });
+
+  it("azure: pins max_connections and sets the env on every app", () => {
+    const src = stackSource("azure");
+    expect(src).toContain('stackPoolBudget("azure"');
+    expect(src).toContain('configurationName: "max_connections"');
+    expect(src).toContain("...poolBudget.env.admin");
+    expect(src).toContain("...poolBudget.env.gateway");
+  });
+
+  it("self-hosted: the Compose budget is the default one (yaml: self-hosted-compose.test.ts)", () => {
+    expect(COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET.budget.adminPoolMax).toBe(EXPECTED["self-hosted"][0]);
+  });
+});

package/src/self-hosted-compose.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
   COMPOSE_ADMIN_UPSTREAM,
   COMPOSE_APP_SERVICES,
   COMPOSE_GATEWAY_UPSTREAM,
+  COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET,
   type ComposeSpec,
   composeProjectName,
   generateDockerCompose,
@@ -59,6 +60,28 @@ describe("self-hosted Compose — internal secret (#770)", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("self-hosted Compose — connection budget (#1254)", () => {
+  const yaml = generateDockerCompose({
+    ...base,
+    images: { mode: "release", admin: ADMIN, gateway: GATEWAY },
+  });
+
+  it("starts Postgres with the max_connections the budget is computed from", () => {
+    expect(service(yaml, "postgres")).toContain(
+      'command: ["postgres", "-c", "max_connections=100"]',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("sizes the admin's two pools and the gateway's one", () => {
+    expect(service(yaml, "caelo-admin")).toContain(
+      `      CAELO_DB_POOL_MAX: "${COMPOSE_POOL_BUDGET.budget.adminPoolMax}"`,
+    );
+    expect(service(yaml, "caelo-admin")).toContain('      CAELO_DB_PUBLIC_POOL_MAX: "4"');
+    expect(service(yaml, "caelo-gateway")).toContain('      CAELO_DB_PUBLIC_POOL_MAX: "2"');
+    expect(service(yaml, "caelo-gateway")).not.toContain("CAELO_DB_POOL_MAX:");
+  });
+});
+
 describe("self-hosted Compose — release images (#696)", () => {
   const yaml = generateDockerCompose({
     ...base,

package/src/stack-contract-parity.test.ts

@@ -132,11 +132,15 @@ describe.each(["gcp", "gcp-firebase"] as const)("%s stack ↔ upgrade parity", (
   });
 
   it("builds the admin + gateway env from the shared contracts", () => {
+    // #1254 — plus the pool env of the stack's connection budget: derived
+    // from stack config (max_connections, instance counts) an upgrade roll
+    // cannot see, so it is stack-owned like the remote-MCP env; a roll
+    // never removes a var the contract does not own (planEnvUpdate).
     expect(src).toMatch(
-      /serviceName: "admin",[\s\S]*?contractEnv: \[\s*\.\.\.adminEnvContract\([\s\S]*?\.\.\.remoteMcpEnv\.admin,?\s*\]/,
+      /serviceName: "admin",[\s\S]*?contractEnv: \[\s*\.\.\.adminEnvContract\([\s\S]*?\.\.\.remoteMcpEnv\.admin,\s*(\/\/[^\n]*\n\s*)?\.\.\.poolBudget\.env\.admin,?\s*\]/,
     );
     expect(src).toMatch(
-      /serviceName: "gateway",[\s\S]*?contractEnv: \[\s*\.\.\.gatewayEnvContract\([\s\S]*?\.\.\.remoteMcpEnv\.gateway,?\s*\]/,
+      /serviceName: "gateway",[\s\S]*?contractEnv: \[\s*\.\.\.gatewayEnvContract\([\s\S]*?\.\.\.remoteMcpEnv\.gateway,\s*\.\.\.poolBudget\.env\.gateway,?\s*\]/,
     );
     expect(src).toContain("envs: [...args.contractEnv],");
   });