@brass-build/client 0.4.0 → 0.5.0

package/dist/documents.js

@@ -8,20 +8,32 @@
 //   2. The `getOwnPropertyDescriptor` trap participates in
 //      `Object.keys`; doing `loroMap.keys().includes(key)` there makes
 //      `Object.keys()` O(N^2). It reads a single `loroMap.get(key)`.
+import { INPUTS_READ_ROOT, INPUTS_REFS_ROOT } from './inputs.js';
+import { importTailOp } from './tail-op-import.js';
+import { InputStatusHub, } from './inputs-status.js';
+import { InputFollowers, } from './input-documents.js';
 import { LoroDoc, LoroMap, VersionVector, decodeImportBlobMeta, } from './wasm-runtime.js';
-import { PAGING_COMMIT_ORIGIN, UndoController } from './undo.js';
+import { NON_UNDOABLE_COMMIT_ORIGIN, PAGING_COMMIT_ORIGIN, UndoController, UndoGroup, } from './undo.js';
+import { joinStampOf } from './join-stamp.js';
+import { decodeInputsRoots, inputReadClearWrites, inputReadMarkFor, inputReadMarkWrites, inputRemovalMark, inputRefsWrites, inputStampFromUpdatedAt, isInputDocId, isInputKey, parseInputReference, } from './inputs.js';
+import { ProvisionalInputsTracker, isReservedRootName, latestReadMark, } from './references.js';
 import { createOrderedMapHandle, createRootListHandle, createRootMapHandle, rebindRootListAnchor, rebindRootMapAnchor, resyncRootHandle, snapshotRootMapKeys, teardownRootHandle, } from './handles.js';
-import { flattenPagedLookup, isPagedMarker, META_KEY, pagedRootKey, } from './record-paging.js';
+import { appCallbackError } from './subscriber-delivery.js';
+import { flattenPagedLookup, isPagedMarker, isPagedMarkerEntry, META_KEY, pagedRootKey, RECORDS_KEY, rootCarriesMarkers, } from './record-paging.js';
 import { MAX_OP_BLOB_CHARS } from './ws-frame-limit.js';
 import { GoneSignal, WorkStatusSignal, DriveStatusSignal, DrivePublishTargetSignal, } from './document-signals.js';
 import { ThumbnailCapture, } from './document-thumbnail-capture.js';
 import { CheckpointScheduler, } from './document-checkpoints.js';
 import { whenSaved } from './when-saved.js';
+import { BrassError } from './errors.js';
 import { BranchController, } from './document-branches.js';
 import { releaseUnsavedWork, trackUnsavedWork } from './unload-guard.js';
 import { CommandMenu, } from './document-commands.js';
 import { DocumentStream } from './document-streams.js';
 import { createEmitter } from './emitter.js';
+import { CONVERSION_PEER_ID, SealedContent, } from './sealed-store.js';
+import { sealedRoots } from './sealed-handles.js';
+import { StableHandles } from './stable-handles.js';
 // The stream name `doc.stream()` resolves to the document's own default
 // state; mirrors the server's reserved name.
 export const DEFAULT_STREAM_NAME = 'default';
@@ -42,6 +54,24 @@ function rootKindOf(containerId) {
 }
 // Maps count entries, lists and text count length. Both are the container's
 // own counter rather than a projection of what it holds.
+/** Whether a root map holds nothing but paged markers, which its handle hides,
+ *  so the collection reads as empty. */
+function holdsOnlyMarkers(rootKey, container) {
+    if (!rootCarriesMarkers(rootKey) || !(container instanceof LoroMap))
+        return false;
+    return container.keys().every((key) => isPagedMarkerEntry(rootKey, key));
+}
+// A root's projected value when the collection holds nothing: a map, list
+// or text with no content.
+function projectsEmpty(value) {
+    if (value === '')
+        return true;
+    if (Array.isArray(value))
+        return value.length === 0;
+    if (value !== null && typeof value === 'object')
+        return Object.keys(value).length === 0;
+    return false;
+}
 function rootIsEmpty(container) {
     const sized = container;
     if (typeof sized.size === 'number')
@@ -65,6 +95,25 @@ const REDO_COMMIT_ORIGIN = 'brass.redo';
 // this (it reconciles by value); it backs a change's `origin.source` for
 // attribution and the SDK's own local-vs-remote side-effect gating
 // (thumbnail capture, auto-checkpoint).
+// A reserved root map as plain entries, the view the write rules diff against.
+function rootView(map) {
+    return map.toJSON();
+}
+// Applies one reserved root's writes per entry. Returns whether anything moved.
+function applyRootWrites(map, writes) {
+    for (const key of writes.delete)
+        map.delete(key);
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(writes.set))
+        map.set(key, value);
+    return writes.delete.length > 0 || Object.keys(writes.set).length > 0;
+}
+// The reserved roots hold the document's references and read marks, which
+// only `dependsOn` and `markRead` write.
+function assertAppRootName(key) {
+    if (isReservedRootName(key)) {
+        throw new TypeError(`"${key}" is reserved for Brass; choose another collection name`);
+    }
+}
 function changeSourceOf(event) {
     const by = event.by;
     if (by === 'import')
@@ -125,19 +174,71 @@ const RESYNC_PUSH_MAX_BYTES = 512 * 1024;
 // the staged upload rather than a request body, a path the write already
 // takes on its own size.
 const RESYNC_PUSH_HARD_MAX_BYTES = Math.floor((MAX_OP_BLOB_CHARS * 3) / 4);
-// Element-wise max of two Loro version vectors. `VersionVector` exposes
-// no public join, so round-trip through its `Map<PeerID, number>` JSON
-// form. Counters are exclusive ends, so the larger is more advanced.
-// Used by the durability handshake to fold the durable tail into the
-// snapshot's version vector.
-function mergeVersionVectors(a, b) {
-    const merged = a.toJSON();
-    for (const [peer, counter] of b.toJSON()) {
-        const current = merged.get(peer);
-        if (current === undefined || counter > current)
-            merged.set(peer, counter);
-    }
-    return VersionVector.parseJSON(merged);
+function holdRange(held, peer, from, to) {
+    if (to <= from)
+        return;
+    const merged = [];
+    let next = [from, to];
+    for (const range of held.get(peer) ?? []) {
+        if (range[1] < next[0] || range[0] > next[1]) {
+            merged.push(range);
+        }
+        else {
+            next = [Math.min(range[0], next[0]), Math.max(range[1], next[1])];
+        }
+    }
+    merged.push(next);
+    merged.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);
+    held.set(peer, merged);
+}
+// What the durable state holds: the snapshot, which is causally complete so
+// every author's ops from zero, plus each tail blob's own per-author range.
+// Throws on a malformed vector or blob.
+function durableHoldings(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs) {
+    const held = new Map();
+    for (const [peer, to] of VersionVector.decode(persistedSnapshotVersionVector).toJSON()) {
+        holdRange(held, peer, 0, to);
+    }
+    for (const blob of durableTailBlobs) {
+        const meta = decodeImportBlobMeta(blob, false);
+        const start = meta.partialStartVersionVector.toJSON();
+        for (const [peer, to] of meta.partialEndVersionVector.toJSON()) {
+            holdRange(held, peer, start.get(peer) ?? 0, to);
+        }
+    }
+    return held;
+}
+// The ranges of `local` the durable state does not hold, in counter order
+// per author.
+function rangesMissingFrom(local, held) {
+    const missing = [];
+    for (const [peer, to] of local.toJSON()) {
+        let from = 0;
+        for (const [heldFrom, heldTo] of held.get(peer) ?? []) {
+            if (heldFrom >= to)
+                break;
+            if (heldFrom > from)
+                missing.push({ peer, from, to: heldFrom });
+            from = Math.max(from, heldTo);
+        }
+        if (from < to)
+            missing.push({ peer, from, to });
+    }
+    return missing;
+}
+// Group ranges so no group carries two ranges of one author. A blob's header
+// names one start and one end per author, so a blob spanning two separate
+// ranges of an author would read, to whoever folds it into a frontier, as
+// holding the ops between them as well.
+function oneRangePerAuthor(ranges) {
+    const groups = [];
+    const seen = new Map();
+    for (const range of ranges) {
+        const index = seen.get(range.peer) ?? 0;
+        seen.set(range.peer, index + 1);
+        (groups[index] ??= []).push(range);
+    }
+    return groups;
 }
 function rangeOpCount(ranges) {
     return ranges.reduce((n, r) => n + (r.to - r.from), 0);
@@ -293,9 +394,259 @@ const READ_ONLY_MESSAGES = {
         'Reopen it to keep working from the saved state.',
     no_connection: 'Document is read-only: it opened with no live connection, so a change ' +
         'would stay on this device.',
+    snapshot: 'Document is read-only: it was opened as a snapshot. Open it without ' +
+        'asking for one to edit.',
+    too_large: 'Document is read-only: it is too large for Brass to make editable ' +
+        '(see `doc.status`).',
+    not_imported: 'Document is read-only: it holds an uploaded file that has not been ' +
+        'imported, and no importer takes its type.',
+    version: 'Document is read-only: it is showing a historical version. ' +
+        'Return to the latest version to edit.',
+    browsing: 'Document is read-only: the reader is browsing its versions. ' +
+        'Close the version bar to edit.',
+    loading: 'Document is still loading its content; wait for the load to finish ' +
+        'before editing (see `doc.onStatus`).',
+    reopening: 'Document is read-only while it reopens; edit the copy `reopen` resolves with.',
+    load_failed: 'Document is read-only: its content could not be prepared ' +
+        '(see `doc.status`). Reopen it to try again.',
+};
+// What `status` reads while this client's edits wait on a connection that has
+// never opened. Pending, because Brass keeps trying and the edits save the
+// moment it connects; not blocking, because editing stays open.
+const NOT_SAVED_NOTICE = {
+    message: 'Your changes are not saved yet. Brass cannot connect to save them and ' +
+        'keeps trying. Keep this page open until they are saved.',
+    pending: true,
+    blocking: false,
 };
+// What `status` reads while one of this client's edits goes unanswered by a
+// connection that answers its others. Pending and not blocking for the same
+// reasons as `NOT_SAVED_NOTICE`.
+const UNANSWERED_NOTICE = {
+    message: 'Some of your changes are not saved yet. Brass keeps trying to save them. ' +
+        'Keep this page open until they are saved.',
+    pending: true,
+    blocking: false,
+};
+const SAVE_NOTICES = { never_opened: NOT_SAVED_NOTICE, unanswered: UNANSWERED_NOTICE };
+// The roots a document's referenced inputs live in are written only by the
+// SDK's own input writers, so a frozen root carrying one of those names
+// converts to nothing.
+const INPUTS_ROOTS = new Set([INPUTS_REFS_ROOT, INPUTS_READ_ROOT]);
+/**
+ * The CRDT a frozen stream becomes: its content written through the same
+ * handles an app writes through, so what a conversion produces is what an app
+ * writing the same content would have produced, paging and all.
+ *
+ * Every side converts by calling this. It is authored by the pinned
+ * conversion peer (`CONVERSION_PEER_ID`) over the content in stored order, so
+ * one frozen stream always converts to the same document; it is NOT a licence
+ * for two builds to convert separately and expect to agree, because the rest
+ * of the output moves with the paging constants and the batching budget, which
+ * is why the platform converts once and stores the result.
+ *
+ * A list that is a map's key walk is that map's order, so the two are written
+ * as one ordered map.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function snapshotFromSealedContent(content) {
+    const names = content.rootNames().filter((n) => !INPUTS_ROOTS.has(n));
+    const walked = new Map();
+    for (const name of names) {
+        const map = content.keyWalkOf(name);
+        if (map !== null && !walked.has(map))
+            walked.set(map, name);
+    }
+    // A `Document` registers its root container on construction, so the root
+    // key is one the content writes anyway rather than an empty `entities` map
+    // in every snapshot.
+    const rootKey = [...walked.keys()][0] ??
+        names.find((n) => content.kindOf(n) === 'map') ??
+        'entities';
+    const doc = Document.create({ rootKey, peerId: CONVERSION_PEER_ID });
+    try {
+        for (const name of names) {
+            // A reserved root is written only through `dependsOn` / `markRead`.
+            if (isReservedRootName(name))
+                continue;
+            const kind = content.kindOf(name);
+            if (kind === 'map') {
+                const order = walked.get(name);
+                const write = (draft) => {
+                    content.forEachMapEntry(name, (key, value) => {
+                        draft[key] = value;
+                    });
+                };
+                if (order !== undefined)
+                    doc.orderedMap(name, order).mutate(write);
+                else
+                    doc.map(name).mutate(write);
+            }
+            else if (kind === 'list') {
+                const map = content.keyWalkOf(name);
+                if (map !== null && walked.get(map) === name)
+                    continue;
+                const items = content.list(name) ?? [];
+                if (items.length === 0)
+                    continue;
+                doc.list(name).mutate((list) => {
+                    for (const item of items)
+                        list.push(item);
+                });
+            }
+            else if (kind === 'text') {
+                const text = content.text(name) ?? '';
+                if (text !== '')
+                    doc.text(name).update(text);
+            }
+        }
+        return doc._exportSnapshot();
+    }
+    finally {
+        doc.close();
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * A CRDT snapshot's content as JSON, read the way an app reads it (a paged
+ * root flattened to its records), holding exactly the roots the snapshot
+ * holds. A Document registers its root map on construction, so it is opened
+ * on a root the snapshot already has rather than on the default.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function snapshotContentJSON(snapshot) {
+    // One engine, and the roots named from its shallow value: a whole-engine
+    // `toJSON` here would hold a second copy of the content beside the one the
+    // read below builds.
+    const engine = new LoroDoc();
+    engine.import(snapshot);
+    const shallow = engine.getShallowValue();
+    const held = Object.keys(shallow);
+    const rootKey = held.find((k) => {
+        if (isReservedRootName(k))
+            return false;
+        const id = shallow[k];
+        return typeof id === 'string' && id.endsWith(':Map');
+    });
+    const doc = Document._fromEngine(engine, rootKey !== undefined ? { rootKey } : undefined);
+    try {
+        const json = doc.toJSON();
+        for (const key of Object.keys(json))
+            if (!held.includes(key))
+                delete json[key];
+        return json;
+    }
+    finally {
+        doc.close();
+    }
+}
+/** The CRDT a stored record store becomes. The same conversion as
+ *  `snapshotFromSealedContent`, reached from the record-store view.
+ *  @internal */
+/** A whole CRDT document as plain JSON, its paged roots as records. */
+function engineJSON(source) {
+    const json = source.toJSON();
+    // The document's references and read marks are the platform's, read
+    // through `dependsOn` and the input status rather than as content.
+    for (const key of Object.keys(json))
+        if (isReservedRootName(key))
+            delete json[key];
+    const meta = json[META_KEY];
+    if (isRootLookup(meta)) {
+        for (const key of Object.keys(meta)) {
+            if (isPagedMarkerEntry(META_KEY, key))
+                delete meta[key];
+        }
+    }
+    // A paged root holds its records inside page entries beside the store's
+    // own edit bookkeeping, so flatten it to the same record lookup
+    // `doc.map(root).read()` hands back: a serializer and a whole-document
+    // renderer read this surface, and a store that crossed the paging
+    // threshold has to reach them as records. Every root is asked, because a
+    // root no handle was ever taken on is paged by the same rule as one that
+    // was; a root the marker does not name comes back as loro produced it.
+    for (const [rootKey, value] of Object.entries(json)) {
+        if (!isRootLookup(value))
+            continue;
+        if (!readRootPaged(source, rootKey))
+            continue;
+        json[rootKey] = flattenPagedLookup(value, true);
+    }
+    return json;
+}
+/** A CRDT engine holding decoded join content. */
+function engineFrom(content) {
+    const doc = new LoroDoc();
+    if (content.kind === 'crdt')
+        doc.import(content.bytes);
+    else if (content.kind === 'frozen')
+        doc.import(snapshotFromSealedContent(content.content));
+    return doc;
+}
+/**
+ * A version of a Document over frozen content, as the content its handles read.
+ *
+ * Frozen content with nothing above it is the version itself. Anything else
+ * (a version stored as a CRDT, or a tail over the seal) is materialised and
+ * read back as content: a preview takes no write, so the engine it needs is
+ * built for the read and freed after it.
+ */
+function frozenPreview(content, tailOpBlobs) {
+    if (content.kind === 'frozen' && tailOpBlobs.length === 0)
+        return content.content;
+    const engine = engineFrom(content);
+    try {
+        for (const blob of tailOpBlobs)
+            importTailOp(engine, blob);
+        return SealedContent.fromJSON(engineJSON(engine));
+    }
+    finally {
+        engine.free();
+    }
+}
+export function snapshotFromSealedStore(store) {
+    return snapshotFromSealedContent(store.content);
+}
+/**
+ * Write a record store as a CRDT snapshot through the one conversion every
+ * frozen stream takes.
+ */
+export function recordStoreSnapshot(source) {
+    const records = [];
+    source.forEachRecord((key, tag, body) => {
+        records.push([key, tag, body]);
+    });
+    return snapshotFromSealedContent(SealedContent.fromRecords({
+        schemaVersion: source.schemaVersion,
+        header: source.header,
+        records,
+    }));
+}
 export class Document {
-    _doc;
+    _importReport = null;
+    _changed = false;
+    _changeNotice = null;
+    _stopChangeNotice = null;
+    _changedListeners = new Set();
+    // A frozen copy's reload, wired by the transport: re-joins and applies the
+    // result in place. `null` on every other open.
+    _frozenReloader = null;
+    // Opens this document again in another mode. Installed by whichever layer
+    // opened it: the session for the document it holds, the client otherwise.
+    _reopener = null;
+    _reloading = null;
+    // `onStatus` listeners on a frozen copy, which hears status on the same
+    // notice the change report rides.
+    _statusWatches = 0;
+    _inputsRuntime = null;
+    // Built on the first status subscription.
+    _inputStatusHub = null;
+    // The `subscribeInputDocuments` followers, which close and park stop so no
+    // retry, handler or kept copy outlives the document.
+    _inputFollowers = new InputFollowers();
+    // The CRDT engine. `null` until something reads it: a Document over frozen
+    // content never does, so it holds no engine at all.
+    _engine;
     _rootKey;
     // Server-minted `doc_id`, or `null` when constructed without one
     // (test / offline path).
@@ -324,6 +675,32 @@ export class Document {
     // and `returnToHead` reject. The live + checkout-on-demand path
     // leaves this `false`.
     _isFrozen;
+    // The frozen content this Document reads, when the platform holds its
+    // content in that encoding. Its roots serve `map` / `list` / `orderedMap`
+    // and `toJSON` in place of the CRDT's, so an app reads one document
+    // surface whichever way the content is stored. `null` for a CRDT document.
+    _sealedRoots;
+    // The frozen content at the head, and the content the roots read now: the
+    // head, or a version a checkout swapped in. `null` with `_sealedRoots`.
+    _frozenHead;
+    _frozenShown;
+    // The version a Document over frozen content is showing, or `null` for its
+    // head.
+    _frozenVersion = null;
+    // The seq the frozen content was sealed at, which is what says whether a
+    // later join's frozen content is the same content.
+    _frozenSeal;
+    // What `map` / `list` / `text` / `orderedMap` hand out: one handle per
+    // root, over whichever storage this Document holds now.
+    _handles = new StableHandles((err) => this._handleOwner.reportSubscriberThrow(err));
+    // What an engine built for this Document after construction is built with:
+    // the root a CRDT open would root `mutate` at, and the caller's engine
+    // options.
+    _engineRootKey;
+    _engineOptions;
+    // Swaps this Document's frozen content for the CRDT the server now holds,
+    // wired by the transport. Absent, a remote op over frozen content reloads.
+    _storageUpgrader = null;
     // Forced read-only on a LIVE head open (distinct from `_isFrozen`, which
     // is a version-pinned open with no live channel): the Document keeps a
     // live WS subscription and applies incoming remote ops, but local
@@ -332,6 +709,9 @@ export class Document {
     // grant, a view-only link), and latched on afterwards by
     // `_markReadOnly` when the server refuses a write on the same grounds.
     _forcedReadOnly;
+    // Set while `reopen` replaces this copy (see the `reopening` reason).
+    _reopening = false;
+    _pendingReopen = null;
     // Which refusal `_forcedReadOnly` stands for, so `mutate` names it.
     _readOnlyReason;
     // The UndoManager is constructed eagerly so the first call to
@@ -342,6 +722,10 @@ export class Document {
     // only; it does NOT fire on snapshot import, so the
     // cold-load contract is unaffected (imports are not local commits).
     _undo;
+    // The document's one undo stack across its streams. A Document owns the
+    // group it was created with; a stream's own Document joins its document's
+    // group when the stream opens (`_joinUndoGroup`).
+    _undoGroup = new UndoGroup();
     // One subscriber channel. Every event reaches every subscriber, whatever
     // produced it (local mutate, remote import, undo, redo, checkout); the
     // app reconciles by value and reads `origin.source` only when it has a
@@ -359,6 +743,11 @@ export class Document {
     _undoStateSubs = new Set();
     _lastCanUndo = false;
     _lastCanRedo = false;
+    _replayingUndo = false;
+    // The change a replay produced, held until the replay ends so `subscribe`
+    // fires once per `undo()` / `redo()`. A listener that writes in reaction
+    // would otherwise commit mid-replay, joining the step being replayed.
+    _replayChange = null;
     _unsubLoro = null;
     _unsubLocal = null;
     // Local commits drive this hook with the resulting op blob; the hook
@@ -400,22 +789,30 @@ export class Document {
         // other half of `readOnly` and must NOT gate this, because a document
         // still hydrating is exactly the one the seed watch is armed for, and
         // the arm happens while that lock is still on.
-        isCaptureAllowed: () => this._isLive && this._checkout === null && !this._forcedReadOnly,
+        isCaptureAllowed: () => this._isLive && this._previewVersion === null && !this._forcedReadOnly,
         isAttached: () => this._isLive,
-        onCaptured: () => {
-            this._thumbnailVersion = this.currentSeq ?? 0;
+        currentVersion: () => this.currentSeq,
+        onCaptured: (version) => {
+            this._thumbnailVersion = version ?? this.currentSeq ?? 0;
         },
     });
     _checkpoints = new CheckpointScheduler({
         docId: () => this._docId,
         isAttached: () => this._isLive,
-        isAutoAllowed: () => this._isLive && this._checkout === null,
+        isAutoAllowed: () => this._isLive && this._previewVersion === null,
         currentSeq: () => this.currentSeq,
         sealUndoStep: () => {
-            if (this._undo)
-                this._undo.sealStep();
+            this._undoGroup.seal();
         },
+        hasUnsavedOps: () => this.savingCount > 0,
         whenLocalOpsSaved: () => whenSaved(this),
+        captureFrame: () => this._thumbnails.captureFrame(),
+        uploadFrame: (frame, version) => {
+            // The debounced capture usually lands first, at the same version.
+            if (this._thumbnailVersion === version)
+                return;
+            void this._thumbnails.uploadFrame(frame, version);
+        },
     });
     // Drive push hook. `null` on the offline / test path; `pushToDrive`
     // then throws with a clear message rather than silently dropping.
@@ -433,6 +830,9 @@ export class Document {
     _sourceBlobFetcher = null;
     // Cached doc name. `null` on offline / test docs.
     _name = null;
+    // When the platform will remove this document, for one created without an
+    // account; `null` for every other document.
+    _expiresAt = null;
     // True once the reader has asked for the version-browsing surface without
     // checking anything out (the hosted history dialog's browse-in-the-app
     // outcome). The host's version bar latches on this as well as on a live
@@ -548,8 +948,20 @@ export class Document {
     // Owning construction is what lets this class declare an engine-neutral
     // surface: app code holds a Document, never the doc underneath it.
     constructor(loroDoc, options) {
-        this._doc = loroDoc;
+        this._undoGroup.setOwner(this, {
+            blocked: () => this._undoGroupBlocked(),
+            notify: () => this._maybeFireUndoState(),
+            // A write to another stream is an edit like one here, so it arms the
+            // same idle checkpoint, which is what seals the step it opened.
+            memberCommitted: () => this._checkpoints.scheduleAuto(),
+        });
+        this._engine = loroDoc;
         this._rootKey = options?.rootKey ?? 'entities';
+        this._engineRootKey = this._rootKey;
+        this._engineOptions = {
+            ...(options?.peerId !== undefined ? { peerId: options.peerId } : {}),
+            ...(options?.undo !== undefined ? { undo: options.undo } : {}),
+        };
         this._docId = options?.docId ?? null;
         this._branchId = options?.branchId ?? null;
         // A Document constructed with a `version` is a "frozen" cold-link
@@ -557,14 +969,21 @@ export class Document {
         // `loroDoc` and there is no live WS channel. The Document is
         // permanently in checkout against itself; `returnToHead` /
         // `_checkoutVersion` are not meaningful on this shape.
+        const frozen = options?.frozenContent;
         const initialVersion = options?.version ?? null;
         if (initialVersion !== null) {
             this._isFrozen = true;
-            this._checkout = {
-                previewDoc: loroDoc,
-                previewRoot: loroDoc.getMap(this._rootKey),
-                version: initialVersion,
-            };
+            if (loroDoc !== null) {
+                this._checkout = {
+                    previewDoc: loroDoc,
+                    previewRoot: loroDoc.getMap(this._rootKey),
+                    version: initialVersion,
+                };
+            }
+            else {
+                this._checkout = null;
+                this._frozenVersion = initialVersion;
+            }
         }
         else {
             this._isFrozen = false;
@@ -574,12 +993,57 @@ export class Document {
         // reader the server will not accept writes from, whether because their
         // grant is view-only or because the link they came through is. A
         // version open is already frozen, so it does not also need the flag.
+        // A stored record set answers every read directly, and takes no write: a
+        // record set holds no op log for an edit to become, and making one is the
+        // platform's (see `open-document.ts`, where the join serves a record set
+        // only to a reader). So an app reads one document surface and never
+        // learns which encoding it was handed, and the write it cannot make is
+        // refused by the same read-only gate every other unwritable open uses.
+        this._frozenHead = frozen ?? null;
+        this._frozenShown = frozen ?? null;
+        this._frozenSeal = options?.frozenSeal ?? null;
+        this._sealedRoots =
+            frozen === undefined
+                ? null
+                : sealedRoots(() => this._frozenShown, () => this._handleOwner.assertWritable());
         this._forcedReadOnly = options?.readOnly === true && initialVersion === null;
         this._readOnlyReason = options?.readOnlyReason ?? 'link';
-        // Materialize the root container, so a document nothing has written to
-        // still carries its root in the shape a reader opens it with.
-        loroDoc.getMap(this._rootKey);
-        this._undo = new UndoController(this._doc, options?.undo);
+        if (loroDoc !== null) {
+            if (options?.peerId !== undefined)
+                loroDoc.setPeerId(options.peerId);
+            // Materialize the root container, so a document nothing has written to
+            // still carries its root in the shape a reader opens it with.
+            loroDoc.getMap(this._rootKey);
+            this._undo = this._newUndoController(loroDoc, options?.undo);
+        }
+        else {
+            this._undo = null;
+        }
+    }
+    // The engine, built on first use for a Document constructed without one.
+    get _doc() {
+        if (this._engine === null) {
+            this._engine = new LoroDoc();
+            this._engine.getMap(this._rootKey);
+        }
+        return this._engine;
+    }
+    /** Whether this Document has been closed. @internal */
+    get _isClosed() {
+        return this._closed;
+    }
+    /** Whether this Document has built a CRDT engine. @internal */
+    _holdsEngine() {
+        return this._engine !== null;
+    }
+    /** The seq this Document's frozen content was sealed at, or `null` for a
+     *  CRDT document or a seal the join did not name. @internal */
+    get _frozenSealSeq() {
+        return this._frozenSeal;
+    }
+    // The version this Document is showing instead of its head, or `null`.
+    get _previewVersion() {
+        return this._checkout?.version ?? this._frozenVersion;
     }
     // ---- Typed container handles (the primary read/write/subscribe surface) --
     //
@@ -604,16 +1068,30 @@ export class Document {
     get _pagingSessionToken() {
         return this._doc.peerIdStr;
     }
+    /** Whether this document's reads are answered by a stored record set.
+     *  @internal */
+    _holdsRecordSet() {
+        return this._sealedRoots !== null;
+    }
     // Get a handle for a top-level LoroMap at `key`. The container is
     // materialized in the underlying LoroDoc immediately (Loro's
     // `getMap` is "get or create"); mutations through the handle do
     // not need to create the container themselves.
     map(key) {
         this._assertOpen();
+        assertAppRootName(key);
+        return this._handles.root(`map:${key}`, 'map', () => this._rootMap(key));
+    }
+    _rootMap(key) {
         const cacheKey = `map:${key}`;
         const existing = this._rootHandles.get(cacheKey);
         if (existing)
             return existing.handle;
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            const handle = this._sealedRoots.map(key);
+            this._rootHandles.set(cacheKey, { kind: 'map', key, handle });
+            return handle;
+        }
         // Source the LoroMap from the active source (live or checkout
         // preview), same as `toJSON` does. Handles bound to a Document
         // in checkout see the historical state via the preview doc.
@@ -642,17 +1120,26 @@ export class Document {
             },
             sessionToken: () => this._pagingSessionToken,
             stateVersion: () => activeSource().frontiers(),
-        });
+        }, key);
         this._rootHandles.set(cacheKey, { kind: 'map', key, handle });
         return handle;
     }
     // Get a handle for a top-level LoroMovableList at `key`.
     list(key) {
         this._assertOpen();
+        assertAppRootName(key);
+        return this._handles.root(`list:${key}`, 'list', () => this._rootList(key));
+    }
+    _rootList(key) {
         const cacheKey = `list:${key}`;
         const existing = this._rootHandles.get(cacheKey);
         if (existing)
             return existing.handle;
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            const handle = this._sealedRoots.list(key);
+            this._rootHandles.set(cacheKey, { kind: 'list', key, handle });
+            return handle;
+        }
         const source = this._checkout !== null ? this._checkout.previewDoc : this._doc;
         const loroList = source.getMovableList(key);
         const handle = createRootListHandle(loroList, this._handleOwner);
@@ -678,10 +1165,16 @@ export class Document {
      */
     text(key) {
         this._assertOpen();
+        assertAppRootName(key);
+        return this._handles.root(`text:${key}`, 'text', () => this._rootText(key));
+    }
+    _rootText(key) {
         const cacheKey = `text:${key}`;
         const existing = this._rootHandles.get(cacheKey);
         if (existing)
             return existing.handle;
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return this._sealedRoots.text(key);
         const owner = this._handleOwner;
         const activeSource = () => this._checkout !== null ? this._checkout.previewDoc : this._doc;
         // Reads and writes resolve the active source per call, so a checkout
@@ -790,10 +1283,20 @@ export class Document {
     }
     orderedMap(mapKey, orderKey) {
         this._assertOpen();
+        return this._handles.root(`ordered:${mapKey}\u0000${orderKey}`, 'map', () => this._rootOrderedMap(mapKey, orderKey));
+    }
+    _rootOrderedMap(mapKey, orderKey) {
         const cacheKey = `${mapKey}\u0000${orderKey}`;
         let h = this._orderedMapHandles.get(cacheKey);
+        if (!h && this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            // Taken from the store rather than composed from this document's own
+            // map + list handles: the composition exists to keep a map and its
+            // order list in step through writes, and a stored record set has none.
+            h = this._sealedRoots.orderedMap(mapKey, orderKey);
+            this._orderedMapHandles.set(cacheKey, h);
+        }
         if (!h) {
-            h = createOrderedMapHandle(this.map(mapKey), this.list(orderKey), this._handleOwner);
+            h = createOrderedMapHandle(this._rootMap(mapKey), this._rootList(orderKey), this._handleOwner);
             this._orderedMapHandles.set(cacheKey, h);
         }
         return h;
@@ -813,34 +1316,24 @@ export class Document {
             },
             assertWritable: () => {
                 this._assertOpen();
-                if (this._checkout !== null) {
-                    throw new Error('Document is read-only: it is showing a historical version. ' +
-                        'Call `doc.returnToHead()` to edit.');
-                }
-                if (this._versionBrowsing) {
-                    throw new Error('Document is read-only: the reader is browsing its versions. ' +
-                        'Close the version bar to edit.');
-                }
-                if (this._forcedReadOnly) {
-                    throw new Error(READ_ONLY_MESSAGES[this._readOnlyReason]);
-                }
-                if (this._loadFailed) {
-                    throw new Error('Document is read-only: its content could not be prepared ' +
-                        '(see `doc.status`). Reopen it to try again.');
-                }
-                if (this._isLoadLocked()) {
-                    throw new Error('Document is still loading its content; wait for the load to ' +
-                        'finish before editing (see `doc.onStatus`).');
-                }
+                const reason = this._readOnlyBecause;
+                if (reason !== null)
+                    throw new Error(READ_ONLY_MESSAGES[reason]);
             },
             ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed: () => {
                 this._ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed();
             },
             commitMutate: () => {
-                this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(MUTATE_COMMIT_ORIGIN);
+                this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(this._mutateCommitOrigin);
                 this._doc.commit();
             },
+            runMutate: (options, fn) => {
+                this._runInMutate(options?.undoable !== false, fn);
+            },
             originOf: (event) => changeSourceOf(event),
+            reportSubscriberThrow: (err) => {
+                this._reportSubscriberThrow(err);
+            },
         };
         return this._handleOwnerCache;
     }
@@ -869,26 +1362,49 @@ export class Document {
     // and follows a grant the server withdraws mid-session as well as a
     // checkout the reader entered.
     get readOnly() {
-        // A doc that is still loading its first content (a drive-linked
-        // stub hydrating on first open) is read-only until the bytes
-        // arrive: editing it would write ops onto an empty doc that the
-        // incoming snapshot is about to replace. The SDK reloads the
-        // content automatically when the work finishes (see open-document's
-        // `reloadAfterHydration`); until then mutation is rejected. This is
-        // also what stops an app's "seed an empty doc" path from clobbering
-        // a doc that only looks empty because it has not loaded yet.
-        // Browsing versions locks the document at the live head as well as at an
-        // earlier one. Stepping moves between the points history KEEPS, and an
-        // edit at the head makes no such point, so an edit made under the open
-        // bar puts the reader's own newest work somewhere the bar cannot travel
-        // to: Back then steps past it to the newest marker, and the way forward
-        // is a different number of presses from the way back. Reading history
-        // and writing it are separate modes, and the bar carries the Close that
-        // leaves this one.
-        return (this._forcedReadOnly ||
-            this._checkout !== null ||
-            this._versionBrowsing ||
-            this._isLoadLocked());
+        return this._readOnlyBecause !== null;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The refusal message when this reader's access, a view-only link, or this
+     * app's standing keeps them from writing however the document is opened,
+     * else null. `session.edit()` rejects with it rather than reopening.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    get _editRefusal() {
+        const reason = this._forcedReadOnly ? this._readOnlyReason : null;
+        if (reason === 'grant' || reason === 'link' || reason === 'app') {
+            return READ_ONLY_MESSAGES[reason];
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Why this reader cannot write, or null when they can.
+     *
+     * The one place the conditions are listed. `readOnly` asks whether there is
+     * a reason and `mutate` refuses with the reason's own message, so the two
+     * cannot answer differently about the same document, and a new reason
+     * reaches both by being added here.
+     *
+     * Order decides which message a reader sees when several hold at once, and
+     * it runs from the state they are in to the state they were put in: a
+     * checkout and an open version bar are things this reader did and can
+     * undo, so naming those first tells them what to do. A load that has not
+     * finished comes last because it clears on its own.
+     */
+    get _readOnlyBecause() {
+        if (this._previewVersion !== null)
+            return 'version';
+        if (this._versionBrowsing)
+            return 'browsing';
+        if (this._forcedReadOnly)
+            return this._readOnlyReason;
+        if (this._reopening)
+            return 'reopening';
+        if (this._loadFailed)
+            return 'load_failed';
+        if (this._isLoadLocked())
+            return 'loading';
+        return null;
     }
     // True when content-replacing work (hydration / extraction) is pending
     // and editing must be locked so incoming bytes do not clobber local
@@ -903,7 +1419,7 @@ export class Document {
     _isLoadLocked() {
         if (this._loadFailed)
             return true;
-        const s = this._workStatus.status;
+        const s = this._workStatus.work;
         return s?.pending === true && s.blocking !== false;
     }
     /**
@@ -929,8 +1445,8 @@ export class Document {
      * `doc.readOnly` (true for a preview, a view-only link, or a load lock).
      * @internal
      */
-    get version() {
-        return this._checkout?.version ?? null;
+    get previewVersion() {
+        return this._previewVersion;
     }
     /** @internal Whether the host should be showing its version-browsing
      *  surface for this document. True from a browse-in-the-app outcome and
@@ -955,8 +1471,9 @@ export class Document {
      *  upload pins to it); no app-facing operation takes a seq, since version
      *  history is hosted chrome the app does not drive with numbers. */
     get currentSeq() {
-        if (this._checkout !== null)
-            return this._checkout.version;
+        const previewing = this._previewVersion;
+        if (previewing !== null)
+            return previewing;
         if (this._currentSeqProvider)
             return this._currentSeqProvider();
         return null;
@@ -972,6 +1489,36 @@ export class Document {
         loroDoc.import(snapshot);
         return new Document(loroDoc, options);
     }
+    /**
+     * Open a Document over frozen content: the document's content as it was
+     * sealed, read with no CRDT engine.
+     *
+     * No CRDT engine is built: every root answers from the content, and the
+     * machinery a Document carries regardless (its id, its subscriber channel,
+     * its close path) runs without one.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    static openFromSealedContent(content, options) {
+        // Rooted at a map the content holds, so a document reading frozen content
+        // registers no empty root of its own.
+        //
+        // Read-only is stated here rather than left to the caller, because it is
+        // a property of the bytes: frozen content holds no op log, so there is
+        // nothing an edit could be written into, and making one is the platform's
+        // (`runRecordSetConversion`). Stating it at the factory is what lets the
+        // refusal come from the document's own gate, which names the reader's
+        // actual limit, instead of from each handle describing the encoding.
+        const rootKey = content.rootNames().find((n) => content.kindOf(n) === 'map') ?? RECORDS_KEY;
+        const doc = new Document(null, {
+            ...options,
+            readOnly: true,
+            readOnlyReason: options?.readOnlyReason ?? 'snapshot',
+            rootKey,
+            frozenContent: content,
+        });
+        doc._engineRootKey = options?.rootKey ?? 'entities';
+        return doc;
+    }
     /**
      * Construct an empty Document (empty-snapshot join case, and tests).
      * @internal
@@ -1010,7 +1557,17 @@ export class Document {
             // subscribers.
             return;
         }
-        this._doc.import(opBlob);
+        // An op exists, so the document is now a CRDT and somebody has edited it.
+        // The op is authored against that CRDT, so imported over frozen content it
+        // would land on an empty LoroDoc and sit causally incomplete. The storage
+        // is upgraded instead: the transport re-joins, and the join's CRDT
+        // replaces the frozen content under the same handles (`_upgradeStorage`).
+        // The op is in what that join serves.
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            this._requestStorageUpgrade();
+            return;
+        }
+        importTailOp(this._doc, opBlob);
     }
     // Apply a snapshot blob over the top of an existing Document.
     // Internal: the SDK calls this when the server delivers a fresh
@@ -1027,6 +1584,13 @@ export class Document {
         // arrives and the Loro subscriber cannot be relied on to report it: it is
         // attached lazily, so a document whose content lands before the session has
         // bound its canvas has nobody subscribed and the import fires nothing.
+        // CRDT bytes over frozen content are a storage upgrade, which keeps the
+        // app's handles (see `_upgradeStorage`).
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            if (!this._upgradeStorage(snapshot, []))
+                this._reopen();
+            return;
+        }
         this._armSeedIfPictureIsStale();
         this._doc.import(snapshot);
         // The undo stack pre-snapshot referenced ops the new snapshot
@@ -1037,7 +1601,113 @@ export class Document {
         if (this._undo)
             this._undo.clear();
     }
-    // Revert the most recent local commit. Returns `true` if an undo
+    /** @internal Wire the re-join that upgrades this Document's frozen content
+     *  to the CRDT the server now holds. */
+    _setStorageUpgrader(upgrade) {
+        this._storageUpgrader = upgrade;
+    }
+    _requestStorageUpgrade() {
+        const upgrade = this._storageUpgrader;
+        if (upgrade === null) {
+            this._reopen();
+            return;
+        }
+        upgrade();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Swap this Document's storage from frozen content to a CRDT, in place.
+     * @internal
+     *
+     * Every handle an app took over the frozen content keeps working, now over
+     * the CRDT, and its subscribers move there as a whole-container resync (keys
+     * the CRDT does not hold arrive as `deleted`, and `onSettled` fires again).
+     * Read-only state is unchanged, because the reader's intent is.
+     *
+     * Returns false, leaving the frozen content in place, when the Document is
+     * showing a version of the frozen content: the preview has no CRDT
+     * counterpart to rebind to, so the caller reloads instead.
+     */
+    _upgradeStorage(snapshot, tailOps) {
+        if (this._closed)
+            return false;
+        if (this._sealedRoots === null)
+            return true;
+        if (this._frozenVersion !== null)
+            return false;
+        const engine = new LoroDoc();
+        if (snapshot !== null)
+            engine.import(snapshot);
+        for (const op of tailOps)
+            importTailOp(engine, op);
+        if (this._engineOptions.peerId !== undefined)
+            engine.setPeerId(this._engineOptions.peerId);
+        this._handles.swap(() => {
+            this._rootKey = this._engineRootKey;
+            engine.getMap(this._rootKey);
+            this._engine = engine;
+            this._undo = this._newUndoController(engine, this._engineOptions.undo);
+            this._sealedRoots = null;
+            this._frozenHead = null;
+            this._frozenShown = null;
+            this._frozenSeal = null;
+            this._rootHandles.clear();
+            this._orderedMapHandles.clear();
+        });
+        this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'change', source: 'remote' });
+        return true;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Swap this Document's storage from a CRDT to frozen content, in place: the
+     * counterpart of `_upgradeStorage`, for a frozen copy whose reload is served
+     * the line as stored after the copy was opened on a CRDT.
+     * @internal
+     *
+     * Returns false, leaving the CRDT in place, when the Document is showing a
+     * version: the preview has no frozen counterpart, so the caller reloads.
+     */
+    _downgradeStorage(content, seal) {
+        if (this._closed || this._sealedRoots !== null || this._checkout !== null)
+            return false;
+        this._handles.swap(() => {
+            this._frozenHead = content;
+            this._frozenShown = content;
+            this._frozenSeal = seal;
+            this._sealedRoots = sealedRoots(() => this._frozenShown, () => this._handleOwner.assertWritable());
+            this._rootHandles.clear();
+            this._orderedMapHandles.clear();
+            // Nothing reads the engine from here on. It is dropped rather than
+            // freed, because a watcher an input follower attached to it may still
+            // detach.
+            this._unsubLoro?.();
+            this._unsubLoro = null;
+            this._unsubLocal?.();
+            this._unsubLocal = null;
+            this._undo?.free();
+            this._undo = null;
+            this._engine = null;
+        });
+        this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'change', source: 'remote' });
+        return true;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Replace this Document's frozen content with other frozen content, in
+     * place, re-delivering every handle's subscribers. A join serves a newer
+     * seal when the document was edited and frozen again in between.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    _replaceSealedContent(content, seal) {
+        if (this._closed || this._sealedRoots === null)
+            return false;
+        if (this._frozenVersion !== null)
+            return false;
+        this._frozenHead = content;
+        this._frozenShown = content;
+        this._frozenSeal = seal;
+        this._sealedRoots.resync();
+        this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'change', source: 'remote' });
+        return true;
+    }
+    // Revert the most recent local step. Returns `true` if an undo
     // step was applied, `false` if the stack is empty. Remote peers'
     // edits are not in this stack: Loro's UndoManager is local-peer-
     // scoped, which is the user-visible behaviour every collaborative
@@ -1046,25 +1716,18 @@ export class Document {
     // The reverted change is itself a local commit, so it ships over
     // the WS transport like any other mutation and other peers see the
     // state revert.
+    //
+    // The stack is the document's, across its streams: a step is every local
+    // commit between two seals in whichever streams took one, and one `undo()`
+    // reverts it in each of them. A stream that refuses writes takes no part.
     undo() {
         this._assertOpen();
-        // During a checkout the UndoManager still tracks the live head, but reads
-        // go through the preview. Undoing would commit against the live `_doc` and
-        // ship over the WS transport while the previewing user sees nothing, a
-        // silent live edit. Match `canUndo()` (false during a checkout) and no-op.
-        if (this._checkout !== null)
-            return false;
-        // An undo produces a local commit exactly as `mutate` does, so it obeys
-        // the same read-only gates: a view-only guest link (`_forcedReadOnly`)
-        // and a pending content-replacing work-status (`_isLoadLocked()`), whose
-        // whole purpose is to keep local ops from racing the incoming bytes.
-        if (this._forcedReadOnly || this._isLoadLocked())
-            return false;
-        this._ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed();
-        // Tag the commit the UndoManager is about to make so the resulting
-        // change reads back as `origin.source === 'undo'`, not `'local'`.
-        this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(UNDO_COMMIT_ORIGIN);
-        return this._undo.undo();
+        try {
+            return this._undoGroup.replay('undo');
+        }
+        finally {
+            this._maybeFireUndoState();
+        }
     }
     // Re-apply the most recently undone local commit. Returns `true`
     // if a redo step was applied, `false` if the stack is empty. The
@@ -1075,15 +1738,70 @@ export class Document {
     // composes correctly.
     redo() {
         this._assertOpen();
-        // No-op during a checkout, same reasoning as `undo()`.
-        if (this._checkout !== null)
-            return false;
-        // Same read-only gates as `undo()` / `mutate()`.
-        if (this._forcedReadOnly || this._isLoadLocked())
-            return false;
+        try {
+            return this._undoGroup.replay('redo');
+        }
+        finally {
+            this._maybeFireUndoState();
+        }
+    }
+    // Whether `undo()` / `redo()` must no-op. A replay produces local commits
+    // exactly as `mutate` does, so it obeys every gate `mutate` does. During a
+    // checkout the UndoManager still tracks the live head while reads go
+    // through the preview, so a replay would be a silent live edit. A copy with
+    // no CRDT (frozen content) has no undo stack at all. `undo()` / `redo()`
+    // also no-op inside a `mutate` callback, whose open transaction holds
+    // writes the replay would commit outside the op it ships.
+    _undoBlocked() {
+        return this._checkout !== null || this._undo === null || this._readOnlyBecause !== null;
+    }
+    // Tags each commit the step's replay makes, so the resulting change reads
+    // back as `origin.source === 'undo'` / `'redo'`, not `'local'`.
+    //
+    // A step replays as one commit per commit it took, and those ship as ONE op
+    // exported from the version before the replay, so an Undo of a long step is
+    // one write for the server and one import for each peer.
+    /** @internal Replay this stream's own part of the newest step that touched
+     *  it (undo) or of the step it most recently undid (redo), leaving the
+     *  document's other streams alone. `DocumentStream.undo` / `redo`. */
+    _replayOwnUndoStep(dir) {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        try {
+            if (this._mutateDepth > 0 || this._undoBlocked())
+                return false;
+            const tag = this._undo.peek(dir);
+            return tag !== undefined && this._replayUndoStep(dir, tag);
+        }
+        finally {
+            this._maybeFireUndoState();
+        }
+    }
+    /** @internal */
+    _replayUndoStep(dir, tag) {
         this._ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed();
-        this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(REDO_COMMIT_ORIGIN);
-        return this._undo.redo();
+        const origin = dir === 'undo' ? UNDO_COMMIT_ORIGIN : REDO_COMMIT_ORIGIN;
+        const tagCommit = () => this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(origin);
+        const before = this._doc.oplogVersion();
+        const beforeHead = JSON.stringify(this._doc.oplogFrontiers());
+        this._replayingUndo = true;
+        this._replayChange = null;
+        try {
+            return this._undo.replayStep(dir, tag, tagCommit);
+        }
+        finally {
+            this._replayingUndo = false;
+            // Whatever the replay committed ships, a replay that threw part-way included.
+            if (this._unsubLocal && JSON.stringify(this._doc.oplogFrontiers()) !== beforeHead) {
+                this._shipLocalUpdate(this._doc.export({ mode: 'update', from: before }));
+            }
+            before.free();
+            const source = this._replayChange;
+            this._replayChange = null;
+            if (source !== null) {
+                this._subs.emit({ kind: 'change', source });
+            }
+            this._maybeFireUndoState();
+        }
     }
     /**
      * Seal the open undo group locally, so the NEXT local commit starts a
@@ -1094,38 +1812,64 @@ export class Document {
      * @internal
      */
     _sealUndoStep() {
-        if (this._undo)
-            this._undo.sealStep();
+        this._undoGroup.seal();
+    }
+    /** @internal */
+    _undoController() {
+        return this._undo;
+    }
+    /** @internal */
+    _undoEligible() {
+        return !this._closed && !this._undoBlocked();
+    }
+    /** @internal */
+    _undoMutating() {
+        return this._mutateDepth > 0;
+    }
+    // A version on screen holds every stream of the document at that moment,
+    // so no stream replays a step while the document shows one, even a stream
+    // whose own preview has not landed yet.
+    _undoGroupBlocked() {
+        return (this._closed ||
+            this._checkout !== null ||
+            this._previewVersion !== null ||
+            this._versionBrowsing);
+    }
+    _newUndoController(loroDoc, options) {
+        return new UndoController(loroDoc, options, this._undoGroup, {
+            onFreshCommit: () => this._undoGroup.freshCommit(this),
+            onStackChange: () => {
+                if (!this._undoGroup.isOwner(this))
+                    this._undoGroup.changed();
+            },
+        });
+    }
+    /** @internal Make this stream's undo part of its document's stack. Called
+     *  when the stream opens, before it has taken a local commit. */
+    _joinUndoGroup(group) {
+        this._undoGroup.delete(this);
+        this._undoGroup = group;
+        group.add(this);
+        this._undo?.useClock(group);
     }
     // Whether `undo()` would have an effect right now. Feeds the
     // commands machinery and the undo-state notifier; apps consume it
     // through `subscribeUndoState` snapshots.
+    //
+    // The gates `undo()` enforces, so a subscribeUndoState-bound button
+    // disables rather than inviting an undo the call would refuse: during a
+    // checkout the stacks still track the live head while the UI shows the
+    // preview, and a stream that refuses writes has nothing it may replay.
     canUndo() {
         if (this._closed)
             return false;
-        // During a checkout, the undo stack still tracks the live doc's
-        // history, but the UI is showing the historical preview and
-        // mutate is rejected. Surface that as "can't undo right now" so
-        // subscribeUndoState-bound buttons disable correctly.
-        if (this._checkout !== null)
-            return false;
-        // Fold the same read-only gates `undo()` enforces so a
-        // subscribeUndoState-bound button disables while the doc is a view-only
-        // guest link or load-locked, rather than inviting an undo the call
-        // would refuse.
-        if (this._forcedReadOnly || this._isLoadLocked())
-            return false;
-        return this._undo.canUndo();
+        return this._undoGroup.canUndo();
     }
     // Whether `redo()` would have an effect right now. As above.
     canRedo() {
         if (this._closed)
             return false;
-        if (this._checkout !== null)
-            return false;
-        if (this._forcedReadOnly || this._isLoadLocked())
-            return false;
-        return this._undo.canRedo();
+        return this._undoGroup.canRedo();
     }
     // The plain-object proxy callers mutate. The mutation runs against
     // the local LoroDoc immediately (optimistic UI), then commit + the
@@ -1155,10 +1899,10 @@ export class Document {
     // edits here exactly as it does through `doc.map(rootKey)`, and a write
     // large enough to cross the paging threshold takes the paged shape from
     // either.
-    mutate(fn) {
+    mutate(fn, options) {
         this.map(this._rootKey).mutate((entities) => {
             fn({ entities });
-        });
+        }, options);
     }
     // Install / replace the local-op send hook; `null` detaches it.
     //
@@ -1200,7 +1944,7 @@ export class Document {
     /** @internal Whether this Document is currently showing a historical
      * preview rather than its live head. */
     _isCheckedOut() {
-        return this._checkout !== null;
+        return this._previewVersion !== null;
     }
     /** @internal Whether this Document is pinned to the version it was opened
      * at, with no live channel behind it. Stepping and returning to the head
@@ -1211,7 +1955,7 @@ export class Document {
     // Switch the Document to a historical version, in place. @internal
     // (the hosted `history` command drives this). After the promise
     // resolves, `doc.readOnly` is `true`,
-    // `doc.version` is the server's effective version (which may round
+    // `doc.previewVersion` is the server's effective version (which may round
     // down from the requested one when compaction has TTL'd the exact
     // op), and `mutate` throws. `subscribe` fires once after the swap so
     // the app's render loop redraws, and the app returns to live through
@@ -1239,7 +1983,7 @@ export class Document {
             throw new Error('_checkoutVersion: no fetcher attached. Opened via the SDK factory?');
         }
         const generation = ++this._checkoutGeneration;
-        const { snapshotBytes, tailOpBlobs, effectiveVersion, streamSeqs } = await this._checkoutFetcher(this._docId, version, this._branchId);
+        const { content, tailOpBlobs, effectiveVersion, streamSeqs } = await this._checkoutFetcher(this._docId, version, this._branchId);
         if (this._closed || this._suspended)
             return;
         // A `returnToHead` or a newer `_checkoutVersion` fired while this fetch
@@ -1248,13 +1992,21 @@ export class Document {
         if (generation !== this._checkoutGeneration)
             return;
         this._checkoutStreamSeqs = streamSeqs ?? {};
+        // Handles over frozen content read frozen content, so the version is
+        // swapped in as frozen content whatever encoding the server stores it in.
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null) {
+            this._frozenShown = frozenPreview(content, tailOpBlobs);
+            this._frozenVersion = effectiveVersion;
+            this._sealedRoots.resync();
+            this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'history', version: effectiveVersion });
+            await this._checkoutOpenStreams(generation);
+            return;
+        }
         // Materialise the preview into a fresh LoroDoc. The previous
         // checkout's preview LoroDoc, if any, is freed.
-        const previewDoc = new LoroDoc();
-        if (snapshotBytes !== null)
-            previewDoc.import(snapshotBytes);
+        const previewDoc = engineFrom(content);
         for (const blob of tailOpBlobs)
-            previewDoc.import(blob);
+            importTailOp(previewDoc, blob);
         const previewRoot = previewDoc.getMap(this._rootKey);
         const old = this._checkout;
         // Snapshot the handles' keys before the active-source pointer moves (see
@@ -1280,7 +2032,7 @@ export class Document {
         // container captured at attach time (the OLD preview's); freeing first
         // would run that detach against a freed LoroDoc. This is the same
         // teardown-before-free order `close()` documents.
-        if (old && old.previewDoc !== this._doc) {
+        if (old && old.previewDoc !== this._engine) {
             try {
                 old.previewDoc.free();
             }
@@ -1348,6 +2100,14 @@ export class Document {
         // `_checkout` still null, and this is the signal that supersedes it when
         // it resolves.
         const generation = (this._checkoutGeneration += 1);
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null && this._frozenVersion !== null) {
+            this._frozenShown = this._frozenHead;
+            this._frozenVersion = null;
+            this._sealedRoots.resync();
+            this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'return-to-head' });
+            this._returnOpenStreams(generation);
+            return;
+        }
         if (this._checkout === null)
             return;
         const old = this._checkout;
@@ -1362,7 +2122,7 @@ export class Document {
         // Free the preview only after the rebind: `_rebindRootHandles` detaches
         // each subscriber against the preview container it was attached to, so
         // freeing first would be a use-after-free (see `_checkoutVersion`).
-        if (old.previewDoc !== this._doc) {
+        if (old.previewDoc !== this._engine) {
             try {
                 old.previewDoc.free();
             }
@@ -1372,9 +2132,12 @@ export class Document {
         }
         this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'return-to-head' });
         this._maybeFireUndoState();
-        // Return every opened stream to its live head too, symmetric with the
-        // checkout path. Fire-and-forget (returnToHead is synchronous and has no
-        // fetch): a stream not previewing is a no-op.
+        this._returnOpenStreams(generation);
+    }
+    // Return every opened stream to its live head too, symmetric with the
+    // checkout path. Fire-and-forget (returnToHead is synchronous and has no
+    // fetch): a stream not previewing is a no-op.
+    _returnOpenStreams(generation) {
         this._checkoutStreamSeqs = null;
         for (const openPromise of this._streamOpens.values()) {
             void openPromise
@@ -1399,7 +2162,22 @@ export class Document {
     // and the caller moves the active-source pointer between the two calls.
     // Callers must not return early in that window; a snapshot left unconsumed
     // would be diffed against a later, unrelated swap.
+    // Detach every cached root handle's live subscriptions. Reached only on a
+    // CRDT document: the teardown, the key snapshot and the rebind below are
+    // `handles.ts`'s own internal protocol, spoken by the handles it produces,
+    // and a stored record set's roots hold no container subscription to detach,
+    // no anchor to re-point and no prior keys to diff against a swap.
+    _teardownRootHandles() {
+        for (const entry of this._rootHandles.values()) {
+            if (entry.kind === 'text')
+                entry.handle._teardown();
+            else
+                teardownRootHandle(entry.handle);
+        }
+    }
     _snapshotRootHandleKeys() {
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return;
         for (const entry of this._rootHandles.values()) {
             if (entry.kind === 'map')
                 snapshotRootMapKeys(entry.handle);
@@ -1412,6 +2190,8 @@ export class Document {
     // `getMap` / `getList` are get-or-create, so a container absent in the
     // preview resolves to an empty one and its subscribers redraw to empty.
     _rebindRootHandles(source) {
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return;
         // Two passes, not one per handle: rebind every anchor to the new source
         // first, then resync. A composed handle can read a sibling root while
         // firing (the ordered map reads its order list during its map redraw), so
@@ -1570,13 +2350,11 @@ export class Document {
     // both alongside the publish-over that `pushToDrive` does. Driven by the
     // hosted toolbar.
     //
-    // Unlike `pushToDrive`, the resolution can mint a NEW mirror doc that
-    // takes over the drive link (take-source trashes this doc, keep-both
-    // detaches it into a standalone fork). For a session-backed app the
-    // SDK re-opens onto that new doc automatically (the resolver routes it
-    // through the same `openSiblingDoc` path the history fork uses); the
-    // returned `newDocId` lets a multi-doc app do its own switch. Resolves
-    // with the outcome, or `null` when the user dismissed the dialog.
+    // Taking the drive's version keeps this document's id: the open copy moves
+    // onto that version when it lands (`onGone('moved')`, which a session
+    // re-opens). A `newDocId` in the result is opened through the same
+    // `openSiblingDoc` path the history fork uses. Resolves with the outcome,
+    // or `null` when the user dismissed the dialog.
     // Throws when there is no doc identity or no resolver is attached.
     /** @internal */
     async resolveDrive() {
@@ -1590,20 +2368,8 @@ export class Document {
         return await this._driveResolver();
     }
     // Fetch the file a document was uploaded as: a short-lived presigned GET
-    // plus the file's name / content type / size. An app that knows the format
-    // fetches the bytes from `url`, parses them, and writes the structured
-    // content into this document through the normal handle surface
-    // (`doc.map('instances').mutate(...)`):
-    //
-    //   const src = await doc.sourceBlob();
-    //   const bytes = new Uint8Array(await (await fetch(src.url)).arrayBuffer());
-    //   const records = parseMyFormat(bytes); // app's own parser
-    //   doc.map('instances').mutate((m) => { for (const r of records) m[r.id] = r; });
-    //
-    // A source file is a set of one or more streams: `src.streams` lists
-    // every stream (primary first, so a single-stream file has one entry),
-    // each with its own URL, so a multi-stream format (a glTF with its
-    // `.bin` buffer) fetches only the streams it needs.
+    // plus the file's name / content type / size. The document's content is
+    // what its importer returned for this file, sealed by the platform.
     //
     // Rejects with a `BrassError` when the document holds no such file, or
     // the caller cannot reach it (both 404).
@@ -1693,21 +2459,22 @@ export class Document {
                 throw new Error(`This document has no stream named "${name}". ` +
                     `doc.getOrCreateStream(${JSON.stringify(name)}) makes one.`);
             }
-            // Only a CRDT stream opens as live collaborative state. Any other
-            // value fails loudly here rather than joining a line that is not
-            // one, so a format added after this SDK shipped is refused by the
-            // version that cannot read it.
+            // Every stream the platform writes is a document line and reports
+            // `'crdt'`, whether it is stored as a CRDT or frozen. Any other value
+            // names a kind this version does not know, so it is refused rather
+            // than joined as a line.
             if (info.format !== 'crdt') {
                 throw new Error(`Stream "${name}" has format "${info.format}", which this ` +
-                    'SDK version cannot open as a live stream.');
+                    'SDK version cannot open.');
             }
             const inner = await runtime.openLine(info.line_id);
+            inner._joinUndoGroup(this._undoGroup);
             const stream = new DocumentStream(name, inner, true);
             try {
                 // Opened while a version preview is active: bring the new stream to
                 // the same point in time rather than showing it live under a
                 // historical default.
-                if (this._checkout !== null) {
+                if (this._previewVersion !== null) {
                     await stream._previewAt(this._checkoutStreamSeqs?.[info.line_id], true);
                 }
             }
@@ -1739,6 +2506,9 @@ export class Document {
             stream._inner._observeSavingCount(() => {
                 this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'saving-count' });
             });
+            stream._inner._observeConnectionNotice((kind) => {
+                this._showConnectionNotice(kind);
+            });
             if (this._suspended)
                 stream._suspend();
         }, () => {
@@ -1819,6 +2589,7 @@ export class Document {
         // transport about to be torn down and is never persisted.
         for (const stream of this._openStreams.values()) {
             stream._inner._observeSavingCount(null);
+            stream._inner._observeConnectionNotice(null);
             stream._close();
         }
         // An open still in flight has no Document to close yet, so it closes on
@@ -1850,17 +2621,21 @@ export class Document {
                 stream._resume();
         }
     }
-    // Seal a deliberate checkpoint on this document's version-
-    // history timeline. Compaction snapshots continue to appear as
-    // no-action fallback markers, so an app that never calls this still
-    // gets a usable history.
-    //
-    // Anchors to `doc.currentSeq` synchronously, so a concurrent
-    // editor's op landing mid-call cannot shift the anchor. Pass an
-    // explicit `version` to seal at a different point in history (the
-    // server validates it's `<=` the branch's live head).
-    async createCheckpoint() {
-        return this._checkpoints.create();
+    // Mark the end of a user action: seals the undo step at once, and records a
+    // version-history marker covering this call (calls made while a write is
+    // in flight share the next one, written at the latest state). Call it
+    // after every action and do not await it in the action's handler.
+    // Resolves once the marker covering the call is written. While `readOnly`
+    // is true it writes nothing and resolves at once (as `undo` / `redo` do
+    // nothing there).
+    createCheckpoint() {
+        if (this._isLive && this.readOnly)
+            return Promise.resolve();
+        const written = this._checkpoints.create().then(() => undefined);
+        // Apps call this without awaiting it; a rejection still reaches a caller
+        // that awaits.
+        written.catch(() => { });
+        return written;
     }
     // Configure the implicit auto-checkpoint debounce. Default is 60s
     // after the last local edit; pass `0` to disable. Apps in test
@@ -1888,6 +2663,23 @@ export class Document {
         this._name = name;
         this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'commands' });
     }
+    /** When Brass will remove this document, or `null` when it is kept. Set
+     *  for a document created while signed out; a sign-in claims it and the
+     *  claimed document reads `null`. */
+    get expiresAt() {
+        return this._expiresAt;
+    }
+    /** @internal */
+    _setExpiresAt(expiresAt) {
+        const same = (this._expiresAt === null && expiresAt === null) ||
+            (this._expiresAt !== null &&
+                expiresAt !== null &&
+                this._expiresAt.getTime() === expiresAt.getTime());
+        if (same)
+            return;
+        this._expiresAt = expiresAt;
+        this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'commands' });
+    }
     /** @internal */
     setHostedUiProvider(provider) {
         this._commandMenu.setHostedUiProvider(provider);
@@ -1948,6 +2740,13 @@ export class Document {
         else
             console.error('[Brass]', err);
     }
+    // The console keeps the original stack for the developer; the app's
+    // `onError` gets a sentence it can show the reader.
+    _reportSubscriberThrow(err) {
+        console.error('[Brass] subscriber threw:', err);
+        if (this._errorReporter)
+            this._errorReporter(appCallbackError(err));
+    }
     /** @internal Report a failure from the SDK's own chrome (the version
      * bar's intents) through the same sink the built-in commands use, so a
      * refused checkout reaches the app's `onError` rather than being dropped
@@ -1971,6 +2770,9 @@ export class Document {
             // itself, so the registry's total already carries one entry per stream.
             trackUnsavedWork(this, this._outstandingByClientId.size);
             this._savingCountObserver?.();
+            if (this._workStatus.notice !== null && this.savingCount === 0) {
+                this._workStatus.setNotice(null);
+            }
         }
         this._ensureLoroSubscribed();
         this._subs.emit(event);
@@ -2082,8 +2884,9 @@ export class Document {
     // Returns true if the clientOpId was tracked (lets the caller detect
     // a stale ack).
     /** @internal */
-    resolveOutstandingOp(clientOpId) {
+    resolveOutstandingOp(clientOpId, seq) {
         const wasTracked = this._outstandingByClientId.delete(clientOpId);
+        this._provisionalInputs.acked(clientOpId, seq);
         // Release this chunk from the resync-push loop guard once its op is
         // acked: the pushed op is now in the log, so the next handshake's
         // tail covers it and a fresh push is welcome (it would be a genuine
@@ -2135,9 +2938,161 @@ export class Document {
      * telling the reader first, because an app that renders nothing for it is
      * exactly the case that must not leave someone on a diverged copy.
      */
-    reload() {
+    _reopen() {
         this._markGone('moved');
     }
+    /** @internal The app registered its importer, so inputs whose open stopped
+     *  waiting for it run again. */
+    _importerRegistered() {
+        this._inputFollowers.importerRegistered();
+    }
+    /**
+     * @internal Typed on `ReadOnlyDocument`. A frozen copy loads the document as
+     * it stands now, in place: the handles stay the same and their subscribers
+     * are told what changed. A live read-only copy already holds the document as
+     * it stands, so there is nothing to load. An editable copy is reopened
+     * (`_reopen`).
+     */
+    reload() {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        const reloader = this._frozenReloader;
+        if (reloader === null) {
+            if (!this.readOnly)
+                this._reopen();
+            return Promise.resolve();
+        }
+        // One reload at a time: a call while one runs shares it, since both ask
+        // for the document as it stands once it lands.
+        if (this._reloading !== null)
+            return this._reloading;
+        const run = (async () => {
+            try {
+                // Cleared before the join, so a change landing during it is reported
+                // against the load it may or may not have reached.
+                this._changed = false;
+                this._stopChangeNotice?.();
+                this._stopChangeNotice = null;
+                await reloader();
+            }
+            finally {
+                this._reloading = null;
+                if (!this._closed && (this._changedListeners.size > 0 || this._statusWatches > 0)) {
+                    this._watchForChange();
+                }
+            }
+        })();
+        this._reloading = run;
+        return run;
+    }
+    async reopen(options) {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        if (options?.frozen === true && options.readOnly === false) {
+            throw new TypeError('reopen: a frozen copy is read-only, so `readOnly: false` cannot apply');
+        }
+        const mode = options?.frozen === true ? 'frozen' : options?.readOnly === true ? 'read' : 'edit';
+        const pending = this._pendingReopen;
+        if (pending !== null) {
+            if (pending.mode === mode)
+                return pending.promise;
+            // The later mode wins: the earlier call rejects and the copy it opens is
+            // reopened in this mode, so every copy opened is either returned or closed.
+            pending.superseded = true;
+            return this._trackReopen(mode, async () => {
+                const earlier = await pending.result.catch(() => null);
+                if (earlier !== null) {
+                    return earlier.reopen(mode === 'frozen' ? { frozen: true } : { readOnly: mode === 'read' });
+                }
+                const reopener = this._reopenerFor(mode);
+                if (reopener === null)
+                    return this;
+                return this._runReopen(mode, reopener);
+            });
+        }
+        const reopener = this._reopenerFor(mode);
+        if (reopener === null)
+            return this;
+        return this._trackReopen(mode, () => this._runReopen(mode, reopener));
+    }
+    // The layer that reopens this copy in `mode`, or `null` when it is already
+    // in that mode. Throws when it cannot be reopened so.
+    _reopenerFor(mode) {
+        // A copy showing a historical version is not at the head in any mode, so
+        // every reopen loads the head.
+        // A copy locked over a refused change shows something the platform does
+        // not, so even a reopen to read builds a new one.
+        const diverged = this._forcedReadOnly && this._readOnlyReason === 'unsaved';
+        if (mode === this._openMode && this._previewVersion === null && !diverged) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (mode === 'edit') {
+            const refusal = this._editRefusal;
+            if (refusal !== null)
+                throw new BrassError(refusal, { status: 403 });
+        }
+        const reopener = this._reopener;
+        if (reopener === null) {
+            throw new BrassError('This document cannot be reopened', { status: 0 });
+        }
+        return reopener;
+    }
+    async _runReopen(mode, reopener) {
+        if (this._openMode === 'edit') {
+            // A reopen called from inside a `mutate` callback runs before that
+            // mutation commits, so the wait starts once it has.
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
+            if (!(await whenSaved(this))) {
+                throw new BrassError('Changes to this document have not finished saving', {
+                    status: 0,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        return reopener(mode);
+    }
+    // Records `run` as the reopen in flight, which a second call to the same
+    // mode shares and a call to another mode supersedes. `reopening` holds until
+    // the last overlapping reopen settles.
+    _trackReopen(mode, run) {
+        this._setReopening(true);
+        const entry = { mode, superseded: false };
+        this._pendingReopen = entry;
+        entry.result = run().finally(() => {
+            if (this._pendingReopen !== entry)
+                return;
+            this._pendingReopen = null;
+            this._setReopening(false);
+        });
+        entry.promise = entry.result.then((next) => {
+            if (entry.superseded) {
+                throw new BrassError('The reopen was replaced by a later reopen', { status: 0 });
+            }
+            return next;
+        });
+        return entry.promise;
+    }
+    _setReopening(reopening) {
+        if (this._reopening === reopening)
+            return;
+        this._reopening = reopening;
+        if (!this._isLive)
+            return;
+        this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'commands' });
+        this._maybeFireUndoState();
+    }
+    /** @internal Which of the three open modes this copy is in. */
+    get _openMode() {
+        if (this._frozenReloader !== null)
+            return 'frozen';
+        return this._forcedReadOnly ? 'read' : 'edit';
+    }
+    /** @internal Install what `reopen` calls. */
+    _setReopener(reopener) {
+        this._reopener = reopener;
+    }
+    /** @internal What `reopen` calls, so a layer that takes over this copy can
+     *  fall back to the one it replaced. */
+    get _reopenerFn() {
+        return this._reopener;
+    }
     // Internal: forget an outstanding op the server TERMINALLY rejected (an
     // `op_rejected` frame: the op can never be accepted, e.g. it exceeded the
     // server's op-blob cap), as opposed to `resolveOutstandingOp`'s success. The
@@ -2156,6 +3111,7 @@ export class Document {
     opts = {}) {
         const wasTracked = this._outstandingByClientId.delete(clientOpId);
         this._resyncPushClientOpIds.delete(clientOpId);
+        this._provisionalInputs.failed(clientOpId);
         if (wasTracked) {
             this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'saving-count' });
             if (opts.report !== false)
@@ -2214,6 +3170,9 @@ export class Document {
     _ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed() {
         if (this._unsubLocal)
             return;
+        // Frozen content takes no write, so there is no local update to send.
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return;
         if (!this._localOpHook) {
             this._reportTransportUnavailable();
             return;
@@ -2223,26 +3182,31 @@ export class Document {
         // does NOT trigger this callback, so we don't risk feeding the
         // same op back to the server in a loop.
         this._unsubLocal = this._doc.subscribeLocalUpdates((bytes) => {
-            const hook = this._localOpHook;
-            if (!hook)
-                return;
-            // Copy: Loro reuses its internal buffer across callback calls in
-            // some builds. Hand the consumer a stable view so the eventual
-            // WS send sees the correct bytes regardless of when the send
-            // actually flushes (the WS client may queue the frame).
-            const copy = new Uint8Array(bytes.byteLength);
-            copy.set(bytes);
-            const chunks = this.splitLocalUpdate(copy);
-            if (chunks === null) {
-                this._shipLocalOp(copy);
+            // A replay's commits ship together once it ends (`_replayUndo`).
+            if (this._replayingUndo)
                 return;
-            }
-            // In order: each chunk continues the one before it, so a peer applying
-            // them out of sequence holds the tail unapplied until the gap closes.
-            for (const chunk of chunks)
-                this._shipLocalOp(chunk);
+            this._shipLocalUpdate(bytes);
         });
     }
+    _shipLocalUpdate(bytes) {
+        if (!this._localOpHook)
+            return;
+        // Copy: Loro reuses its internal buffer across callback calls in
+        // some builds. Hand the consumer a stable view so the eventual
+        // WS send sees the correct bytes regardless of when the send
+        // actually flushes (the WS client may queue the frame).
+        const copy = new Uint8Array(bytes.byteLength);
+        copy.set(bytes);
+        const chunks = this.splitLocalUpdate(copy);
+        if (chunks === null) {
+            this._shipLocalOp(copy);
+            return;
+        }
+        // In order: each chunk continues the one before it, so a peer applying
+        // them out of sequence holds the tail unapplied until the gap closes.
+        for (const chunk of chunks)
+            this._shipLocalOp(chunk);
+    }
     // Hand one op blob to the transport and count it as unsaved, or keep it
     // local when the server has evicted this document.
     //
@@ -2265,6 +3229,7 @@ export class Document {
             return null;
         const clientOpId = hook(copy);
         this._outstandingByClientId.set(clientOpId, copy);
+        this._shipCapture?.push(clientOpId);
         // The local mutate has already fired `subscribe` (the Loro
         // event), but `savingCount` just incremented; fire one more
         // synthetic event so a subscribe handler bound on `savingCount`
@@ -2290,6 +3255,9 @@ export class Document {
             return;
         if (this._unsubLoro)
             return;
+        // Frozen roots deliver their own subscribers; there is no engine to hear.
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return;
         this._unsubLoro = this._doc.subscribe((event) => {
             // One channel: every event reaches every subscriber, whatever
             // produced it. The app reconciles by value and reads the cause off
@@ -2301,10 +3269,15 @@ export class Document {
             // build on them, which pins the storage engine through a surface that
             // never promised it. The cause survives as `source`, the same
             // engine-neutral vocabulary the handle surface reports.
-            this._subs.emit({
-                kind: 'change',
-                source: changeSourceOf(event),
-            });
+            if (this._replayingUndo) {
+                this._replayChange = changeSourceOf(event);
+            }
+            else {
+                this._subs.emit({
+                    kind: 'change',
+                    source: changeSourceOf(event),
+                });
+            }
             const isLocalCommit = event.by === 'local';
             this._maybeFireUndoState();
             // A local commit (mutate / undo / redo) schedules a debounced
@@ -2374,7 +3347,12 @@ export class Document {
     // suspend like every other app-side subscriber.
     subscribeUndoState(cb) {
         this._assertOpen();
-        this._ensureLoroSubscribed();
+        // A copy that cannot write never has anything of its own to undo (the
+        // reason it cannot write does not lift while it is open), so it does not
+        // listen to its own engine. A stream of the document can still take
+        // writes, and reports them through the undo group.
+        if (!this._forcedReadOnly)
+            this._ensureLoroSubscribed();
         this._undoStateSubs.add(cb);
         // Fire immediately with current state so the consumer does
         // not need separate initial-paint code. Capture the values
@@ -2401,8 +3379,16 @@ export class Document {
     // Internal: fire `_undoStateSubs` if canUndo / canRedo flipped.
     // Called from `_ensureLoroSubscribed`'s event dispatch.
     _maybeFireUndoState() {
+        // A stream's undo state is its document's: whatever moved here (a write
+        // landing, the stream turning read-only) re-reads the document's.
+        if (!this._undoGroup.isOwner(this))
+            this._undoGroup.changed();
         if (this._undoStateSubs.size === 0)
             return;
+        // A step can replay as several commits, and each fires a Loro event
+        // before the stacks settle; `_replayUndo` fires once at the end.
+        if (this._replayingUndo)
+            return;
         const canUndo = this.canUndo();
         const canRedo = this.canRedo();
         if (canUndo === this._lastCanUndo && canRedo === this._lastCanRedo) {
@@ -2444,41 +3430,270 @@ export class Document {
         this._assertOpen();
         return this._gone.on(cb);
     }
-    // The latest opaque work-status for this document, or `null` when no
-    // slow server-side work is in flight. An app renders `message`
-    // verbatim, draws a bar from `progress` when present, and shows a
-    // waiting state while `pending`. When a freshly-opened drive-linked
-    // doc is still hydrating, `open()` surfaces the initial `pending`
-    // status here; subsequent phases arrive via `onStatus`.
+    /** What the importer reported about the file this document was read
+     *  from, as the open found it. `null` on a document no import produced and
+     *  on a clean import. */
+    get importReport() {
+        return this._importReport;
+    }
+    /** @internal Seeded from the join. */
+    _setImportReport(report) {
+        this._importReport = report;
+    }
+    /** @internal On a frozen open: whether the document has moved since this
+     *  copy last loaded. False on every other open, which applies changes as
+     *  they come. */
+    get changed() {
+        return this._changed;
+    }
+    /** @internal On a frozen open, fires when the copy learns the document
+     *  moved since it last loaded (a content edit, an import landing or
+     *  failing, the document being deleted): once per load, and again after a
+     *  `reload()` once the document moves past what that load brought. Never
+     *  fires on any other open. The document is watched only while a listener is
+     *  registered and until the copy is closed. */
+    onChanged(cb) {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        this._changedListeners.add(cb);
+        if (this._changed) {
+            queueMicrotask(() => {
+                if (!this._closed && this._changed && this._changedListeners.has(cb))
+                    cb();
+            });
+        }
+        else {
+            this._watchForChange();
+        }
+        return () => {
+            this._changedListeners.delete(cb);
+            this._unwatchIfIdle();
+        };
+    }
+    _unwatchIfIdle() {
+        if (this._changedListeners.size === 0 && this._statusWatches === 0) {
+            this._stopChangeNotice?.();
+            this._stopChangeNotice = null;
+        }
+    }
+    _watchForChange() {
+        if (this._stopChangeNotice === null && this._changeNotice !== null) {
+            this._stopChangeNotice = this._changeNotice(() => this._markChanged());
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calls the handlers with the input files of `key`. `loaded` gets every
+     * file on each subscribe, then each new version, on any copy. `changed`
+     * gets the files changed since this document last read them, on a copy
+     * that can edit, each recorded as read off the Undo stack once its handler
+     * resolves. `removed` gets each file that left. Calls for one file never
+     * overlap. Subscriptions to one key share one set of calls, and each
+     * subscription's handlers are called for every input; a `changed` input is
+     * recorded as read once all of them resolve. Returns an unsubscribe.
+     */
+    subscribeInputDocuments(key, handlers, options) {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        if (handlers === null || typeof handlers !== 'object') {
+            throw new TypeError('subscribeInputDocuments: pass an object of handlers');
+        }
+        if (!isInputKey(key))
+            throw new TypeError(`subscribeInputDocuments: "${String(key)}" is not a valid key`);
+        const named = handlers;
+        if (!['loaded', 'changed', 'removed', 'status', 'settled'].some((name) => typeof named[name] === 'function')) {
+            throw new TypeError('subscribeInputDocuments: handlers must include loaded, changed, removed, status or settled');
+        }
+        const hub = this._inputStatus();
+        return this._inputFollowers.subscribe({
+            subscribeStatus: (k, cb) => hub.subscribeKey(k, cb),
+            canWrite: () => !this._closed && !this.readOnly,
+            markRead: (status, options) => this.markRead(status, options),
+            open: this._inputsRuntime?.open ?? null,
+        }, key, handlers, options);
+    }
+    /**
+     * @internal Calls `cb` with the status of `key` once it is read, and again
+     * whenever it changes: an input file was added, modified or removed, the
+     * key's references changed, or this document's read marks moved (an Undo
+     * of `markRead` included, which reports at once). Returns an unsubscribe.
+     */
+    subscribeInputStatus(key, cb) {
+        this._assertOpen();
+        if (typeof cb !== 'function')
+            throw new TypeError('subscribeInputStatus: pass a callback');
+        if (!isInputKey(key))
+            throw new TypeError(`subscribeInputStatus: "${String(key)}" is not a valid key`);
+        return this._inputStatus().subscribeKey(key, cb);
+    }
+    /** @internal Wired by the SDK's open factory. */
+    _setInputsRuntime(runtime) {
+        this._inputsRuntime = runtime;
+    }
+    /** @internal The platform moved `key`'s status to `rev`; both null after a
+     *  resubscribe, which may have missed a nudge for any key. */
+    _inputStatusNudged(key, rev) {
+        this._inputStatusHub?.nudged(key, rev);
+    }
+    _inputStatus() {
+        if (this._inputStatusHub !== null)
+            return this._inputStatusHub;
+        const runtime = this._inputsRuntime;
+        if (runtime === null) {
+            throw new Error('subscribeInputStatus: Document has no server identity. Opened via the SDK factory?');
+        }
+        this._inputStatusHub = new InputStatusHub({
+            runtime,
+            lineId: () => this._branchId,
+            localRoots: () => this._inputsLocalRoots(),
+            watchLocalRoots: (cb) => this._watchInputsRoots(cb),
+        });
+        return this._inputStatusHub;
+    }
+    // The reserved roots' plain values. A root nobody has written is read as
+    // empty without asking the engine for it, since asking creates it.
+    _inputsLocalRoots() {
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null || this._closed)
+            return null;
+        const engine = this._doc;
+        const present = engine.getShallowValue();
+        return {
+            refs: INPUTS_REFS_ROOT in present ? engine.getMap(INPUTS_REFS_ROOT).toJSON() : {},
+            read: INPUTS_READ_ROOT in present ? engine.getMap(INPUTS_READ_ROOT).toJSON() : {},
+        };
+    }
+    _watchInputsRoots(cb) {
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null || this._closed)
+            return () => { };
+        const targets = new Set([`cid:root-${INPUTS_REFS_ROOT}:Map`, `cid:root-${INPUTS_READ_ROOT}:Map`]);
+        return this._doc.subscribe((batch) => {
+            if (batch.events.some((event) => targets.has(String(event.target))))
+                cb();
+        });
+    }
+    /** @internal How a frozen copy watches its document: starts watching,
+     *  calls `fire` when the document moves, and returns the stop. */
+    _setChangeNotice(start) {
+        this._changeNotice = start;
+    }
+    /** @internal Stops a frozen copy's notice once it has reported a move and
+     *  nobody is waiting on pending work. */
+    _settleChangeNotice() {
+        if (!this._changed)
+            return;
+        if (this._statusWatches > 0 && this._workStatus.work?.pending === true)
+            return;
+        this._stopChangeNotice?.();
+        this._stopChangeNotice = null;
+    }
+    /** @internal Wire a frozen copy's reload: re-join, apply the result in
+     *  place, and re-point the change notice at what that join brought. */
+    _setFrozenReloader(reload) {
+        this._frozenReloader = reload;
+    }
+    // The notice is spent on its first frame, so the watch stops here: the topic
+    // carries every op of the document, and a copy that already knows it moved
+    // has no use for the rest until it reloads. A copy whose work is still
+    // pending keeps it while an `onStatus` listener waits, because the import
+    // landing moves the document before its terminal status arrives.
+    _markChanged() {
+        if (this._changed || this._closed)
+            return;
+        this._changed = true;
+        this._settleChangeNotice();
+        const listeners = [...this._changedListeners];
+        for (const cb of listeners) {
+            try {
+                cb();
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                console.error('Brass: an onChanged listener threw', err);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * The work in flight on this document (a new version importing, a drive
+     * sync), or `null` when there is none. Render `message` verbatim, draw a
+     * bar from `progress` when present, and show a waiting state while
+     * `pending`. Later phases arrive through `onStatus`.
+     */
     get status() {
         return this._workStatus.status;
     }
-    // Subscribe to opaque work-status updates. The callback fires on
-    // every phase the server pushes; when `status.pending` flips to
-    // `false` the work is terminal (a success the app reacts to by
-    // re-opening the doc to load the now-available content, or a failure
-    // whose `message` the app shows). Fires once on attach with the
-    // current status when one is already known, so a late subscriber is
-    // not stranded. Returns an unsubscribe.
-    //
-    // The app must not parse `message` or infer phases from it: the
-    // server owns the wording and the lifecycle. This surface exists so
-    // the app can *display* progress, not understand it.
+    // The platform's work status alone, without the SDK's own notice over it.
+    // Every SDK-side decision about whether work is pending reads this, since
+    // the notice describes this client's connection rather than the platform's
+    // work.
+    /** @internal */
+    get _workStatusNow() {
+        return this._workStatus.work;
+    }
+    // Tell the reader their edits are waiting to save, through `status`, while
+    // they wait: on a connection that has not opened (`NEVER_OPENED_NOTICE_MS`),
+    // or on one that leaves an edit unanswered (`UNANSWERED_OP_NOTICE_AFTER`).
+    // The doc transport decides when; the notice clears itself once nothing is
+    // waiting (`_fireSubscribers`). A stream raises it on the document that
+    // opened it as well, since the app renders that document's status.
+    /** @internal */
+    _showConnectionNotice(kind = 'never_opened') {
+        if (this._closed || this.savingCount === 0)
+            return;
+        this._workStatus.setNotice(SAVE_NOTICES[kind]);
+        this._connectionNoticeObserver?.(kind);
+    }
+    _connectionNoticeObserver = null;
+    /** @internal */
+    _observeConnectionNotice(observer) {
+        this._connectionNoticeObserver = observer;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calls `cb` with every work-status update, and once on attach when a
+     * status is already known. `pending: false` marks the work finished, as a
+     * success or as a failure whose `message` the app shows. Returns an
+     * unsubscribe.
+     *
+     * Do not parse `message` or infer phases from it: its wording changes
+     * without an SDK release.
+     */
     onStatus(cb) {
         // See `onGone`: guard the cross-session listener leak.
         this._assertOpen();
-        return this._workStatus.on(cb);
+        const stop = this._workStatus.on(cb);
+        // A frozen copy hears the work that was pending when it loaded on its
+        // change notice, which runs only while somebody listens. A live copy's
+        // transport always delivers status.
+        if (this._changeNotice === null || this._workStatus.work?.pending !== true)
+            return stop;
+        this._statusWatches += 1;
+        if (!this._changed)
+            this._watchForChange();
+        let stopped = false;
+        return () => {
+            stop();
+            if (stopped)
+                return;
+            stopped = true;
+            this._statusWatches -= 1;
+            this._unwatchIfIdle();
+            this._settleChangeNotice();
+        };
     }
     // Internal: store the latest status and fire listeners. Not
     // one-shot: every phase re-emits. A terminal status (`pending:
     // false`) is retained so a late `onStatus` subscriber still sees the
     // final state.
     /** @internal */
-    _emitStatus(status, opts) {
+    _emitStatus(incoming, opts) {
         // A late reload/reconcile closure that resolved after `close()` must not
         // re-emit onto a torn-down doc (its undo stack is freed below in `close`).
         if (this._closed)
             return;
+        // An import in flight holds the document against a settled status from
+        // anywhere else (a late frame for the work that stored the file), because
+        // an edit made before the import lands leaves the file unimportable. A
+        // join reporting the import done clears `_awaitsImport`, which releases
+        // it for a client waiting on another's import.
+        const status = this._importHold !== null && this._awaitsImport && incoming.pending !== true
+            ? this._importHold
+            : incoming;
+        const wasReadOnly = this.readOnly;
         // Terminal work that still reports itself as locking editing is inbound
         // work that ended without content: the platform clears the status when
         // hydration / extraction succeeds, so what it reports terminally is a
@@ -2495,6 +3710,11 @@ export class Document {
         // Refresh the undo-state notifier here so a subscribeUndoState-bound
         // button tracks the lock, not only CRDT edits.
         this._maybeFireUndoState();
+        // An app re-reads `readOnly` in its `subscribe` handler, so a status that
+        // locks or releases a document it has already bound has to reach that
+        // handler, or its edit controls stay as they were.
+        if (this.readOnly !== wasReadOnly)
+            this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'commands' });
     }
     // The current drive sync state of this document, or `null` when the
     // doc is not linked to a drive source. An app reads `state` / `canPush`
@@ -2586,8 +3806,242 @@ export class Document {
             this._resyncPushClientOpIds.clear();
             this._fireSubscribers({ kind: 'saving-count' });
         }
+        this._provisionalInputs.clear();
         this._gone.mark(reason);
     }
+    // --- References and read marks -------------------------------------------
+    // How many handle `mutate` calls are running, and how many of those asked
+    // to stay off the Undo stack. A commit inside any of them carries the
+    // non-undoable origin, so a write the app asked to keep off the stack does
+    // not reach it through a batch boundary or a nested handle.
+    _mutateDepth = 0;
+    _nonUndoableDepth = 0;
+    // `dependsOn` / `markRead` writes waiting for the running mutate to finish.
+    // A mutate can commit several times (`mutate-batching.ts`), and a write
+    // left in the open transaction rides whichever commit comes next, so a
+    // read mark could arrive before the results it acknowledges. Each runs as
+    // a commit of its own after the mutate's last one.
+    _inputsQueue = [];
+    // The client op ids `_shipLocalOp` mints while a reference commit runs.
+    _shipCapture = null;
+    _provisionalInputs = new ProvisionalInputsTracker();
+    /**
+     * @internal The document's `updated_at` as this copy read it when it
+     * opened. `markRead` records a document at this value. `null` for a
+     * document not opened from the platform.
+     */
+    get updatedAt() {
+        return joinStampOf(this) ?? null;
+    }
+    /** @internal Where a key's provisional entry is posted once the op
+     *  carrying its change is acknowledged. */
+    _setProvisionalInputsPoster(poster) {
+        this._provisionalInputs.setPoster(poster);
+        // A post's answer names the key's revision after it, which reads the same
+        // as a nudge: a status behind it fetches the change.
+        this._provisionalInputs.onAnswer(poster === null ? null : (answer) => this._inputStatusNudged(answer.key, answer.rev));
+    }
+    /** @internal Run a handle's mutate, so its commits carry the origin it asked
+     *  for and the reference writes queued inside it commit after it. */
+    _runInMutate(undoable, fn) {
+        // A nested mutate that changes the origin first commits what the enclosing
+        // one has written so far, and commits its own writes before handing back,
+        // so each write reaches the Undo stack per the mutate that made it.
+        const switchesOrigin = !undoable && this._nonUndoableDepth === 0 && this._mutateDepth > 0;
+        if (switchesOrigin)
+            this._commitPendingMutate();
+        this._mutateDepth += 1;
+        if (!undoable)
+            this._nonUndoableDepth += 1;
+        let threw = true;
+        try {
+            fn();
+            threw = false;
+        }
+        finally {
+            if (switchesOrigin)
+                this._commitPendingMutate();
+            this._mutateDepth -= 1;
+            if (!undoable)
+                this._nonUndoableDepth -= 1;
+            if (this._mutateDepth === 0) {
+                const queued = this._inputsQueue;
+                this._inputsQueue = [];
+                // A mutate that threw left its results partly written, so the marks
+                // that acknowledge them are not written either.
+                if (!threw)
+                    this._flushInputs(queued);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    _commitPendingMutate() {
+        if (this._doc.getPendingTxnLength() > 0)
+            this._handleOwner.commitMutate();
+    }
+    get _mutateCommitOrigin() {
+        return this._nonUndoableDepth > 0 ? NON_UNDOABLE_COMMIT_ORIGIN : MUTATE_COMMIT_ORIGIN;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Records the documents `key` depends on, replacing what it held. `null`
+     * removes the key and its read marks. Writes only what differs from this
+     * copy, so a reference another reader adds or removes at the same time
+     * keeps their change. Undoable, as part of the current step, unless called
+     * inside `mutate(fn, { undoable: false })`.
+     */
+    dependsOn(key, refs) {
+        this._handleOwner.assertWritable();
+        if (!isInputKey(key))
+            throw new TypeError(`dependsOn: "${String(key)}" is not a valid key`);
+        if (refs !== null && !Array.isArray(refs)) {
+            throw new TypeError('dependsOn: refs must be an array of references or null');
+        }
+        const parsed = [];
+        for (const ref of refs ?? []) {
+            const one = parseInputReference(ref);
+            if (one === null)
+                throw new TypeError('dependsOn: refs holds a value that is not a reference');
+            if (one.extent === 'document' && this._docId !== null && one.doc_id === this._docId) {
+                throw new Error('dependsOn: a document cannot reference itself');
+            }
+            parsed.push(one);
+        }
+        const refusal = this._inputsRuntime?.refusesReferences;
+        if (refusal !== undefined && parsed.length > 0)
+            throw new BrassError(refusal);
+        const next = refs === null ? null : parsed;
+        this._queueInputs(this._nonUndoableDepth === 0, () => {
+            const refsMap = this._doc.getMap(INPUTS_REFS_ROOT);
+            let changed = applyRootWrites(refsMap, inputRefsWrites(rootView(refsMap), key, next));
+            if (next === null) {
+                const readMap = this._doc.getMap(INPUTS_READ_ROOT);
+                changed = applyRootWrites(readMap, inputReadClearWrites(rootView(readMap), key)) || changed;
+            }
+            return changed ? key : null;
+        });
+    }
+    /**
+     * @internal Records that this reader read files for the key `status` reports, and
+     * acknowledged the removed files that status lists. With no `files`, every
+     * file the status lists as added or modified is recorded at the version the
+     * status reports. Otherwise each entry of `files` is recorded: an opened
+     * copy at the `updatedAt` it was opened at (left out while its import is
+     * pending, so it stays changed), and an entry of the status's own `files`
+     * or `changed` at the version the status reports. Joins the current Undo
+     * step unless `undoable` is false.
+     */
+    markRead(status, options) {
+        this._handleOwner.assertWritable();
+        const key = status?.key;
+        if (!isInputKey(key))
+            throw new TypeError('markRead: pass the status `subscribeInputStatus` reported');
+        // A list of files passed where the options go would otherwise read as no
+        // files, and record every changed one.
+        if (Array.isArray(options))
+            throw new TypeError('markRead: pass the files as `{ files }`');
+        const files = options?.files;
+        if (files !== undefined && !Array.isArray(files)) {
+            throw new TypeError('markRead: `files` must be an array');
+        }
+        // The version the status reports for each file, which is what an entry
+        // taken from the status is recorded at: an edit that lands after the
+        // status stays changed.
+        const reported = new Map();
+        for (const file of status.inputs ?? [])
+            reported.set(file.doc_id, file.updated_at);
+        const items = files ?? status.changed.filter((c) => c.change !== 'removed');
+        const reads = [];
+        for (const item of items) {
+            let docId;
+            let version;
+            if ('doc_id' in item) {
+                // A removed file is acknowledged from `status.changed` below.
+                if (item.change === 'removed')
+                    continue;
+                docId = item.doc_id;
+                version = reported.get(docId) ?? null;
+                if (version === null) {
+                    throw new TypeError(`markRead: the status reports no version for ${docId}`);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                if (item.status?.pending === true)
+                    continue;
+                docId = item.id;
+                version = item.updatedAt;
+            }
+            const stamp = typeof version === 'string' ? inputStampFromUpdatedAt(version) : null;
+            if (!isInputDocId(docId) || stamp === null) {
+                throw new TypeError('markRead: each file must be a document opened from Brass or an entry of the status');
+            }
+            reads.push({ docId, stamp });
+        }
+        const removed = status.changed
+            .filter((c) => c.change === 'removed')
+            .filter((c) => isInputDocId(c.doc_id))
+            .map((c) => ({ docId: c.doc_id, leftAt: c.updated_at ?? null }));
+        this._queueInputs(options?.undoable !== false, () => {
+            const readMap = this._doc.getMap(INPUTS_READ_ROOT);
+            const view = rootView(readMap);
+            let changed = false;
+            const write = (docId, mark) => {
+                const writes = inputReadMarkWrites(view, key, docId, mark);
+                for (const k of writes.delete)
+                    delete view[k];
+                Object.assign(view, writes.set);
+                changed = applyRootWrites(readMap, writes) || changed;
+            };
+            for (const { docId, stamp } of reads) {
+                write(docId, inputReadMarkFor(latestReadMark(view, key, docId), stamp));
+            }
+            for (const { docId, leftAt } of removed) {
+                write(docId, inputRemovalMark(latestReadMark(view, key, docId), leftAt));
+            }
+            return changed ? key : null;
+        });
+    }
+    _queueInputs(undoable, apply) {
+        const entry = { undoable, apply };
+        if (this._mutateDepth > 0) {
+            this._inputsQueue.push(entry);
+            return;
+        }
+        this._flushInputs([entry]);
+    }
+    // Commit queued reference writes in call order, one commit per run of
+    // writes that share an origin, and wait to post each key they changed.
+    _flushInputs(entries) {
+        if (entries.length === 0 || this._readOnlyBecause !== null)
+            return;
+        this._ensureLocalUpdatesSubscribed();
+        let i = 0;
+        while (i < entries.length) {
+            const undoable = entries[i].undoable;
+            const keys = new Set();
+            for (; i < entries.length && entries[i].undoable === undoable; i += 1) {
+                const key = entries[i].apply();
+                if (key !== null)
+                    keys.add(key);
+            }
+            if (keys.size === 0)
+                continue;
+            this._shipCapture = [];
+            let shipped;
+            try {
+                this._doc.setNextCommitOrigin(undoable ? MUTATE_COMMIT_ORIGIN : NON_UNDOABLE_COMMIT_ORIGIN);
+                this._doc.commit();
+            }
+            finally {
+                shipped = this._shipCapture;
+                this._shipCapture = null;
+            }
+            if (shipped.length === 0)
+                continue;
+            const state = decodeInputsRoots(this._doc.getMap(INPUTS_REFS_ROOT).toJSON(), this._doc.getMap(INPUTS_READ_ROOT).toJSON());
+            for (const key of keys) {
+                this._provisionalInputs.register(key, this._branchId, state.get(key) ?? { refs: [], read: {} }, shipped);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     /**
      * The top-level collections of the stream this document is open at, keyed
      * as it keys them, each naming the kind of handle that reads it.
@@ -2607,11 +4061,13 @@ export class Document {
      */
     roots() {
         this._assertNotClosed();
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return this._sealedRoots.roots();
         const source = this._checkout !== null ? this._checkout.previewDoc : this._doc;
         const found = [];
         for (const [key, containerId] of Object.entries(source.getShallowValue())) {
             const kind = rootKindOf(containerId);
-            if (kind === null)
+            if (kind === null || isReservedRootName(key))
                 continue;
             // Reading the container's own count, rather than its value, is what
             // keeps this off the projection: an empty collection is skipped without
@@ -2619,6 +4075,8 @@ export class Document {
             const container = source.getContainerById(containerId);
             if (container === undefined || rootIsEmpty(container))
                 continue;
+            if (holdsOnlyMarkers(key, container))
+                continue;
             found.push([key, kind]);
         }
         // Loro reports roots in registration order, which is an accident of who
@@ -2627,27 +4085,23 @@ export class Document {
         found.sort((a, b) => (a[0] < b[0] ? -1 : a[0] > b[0] ? 1 : 0));
         return Object.fromEntries(found);
     }
-    // Plain-JS projection of the current state.
+    // Plain-JS projection of the current state, leaving out a root that holds
+    // nothing. A CRDT cannot store an empty collection, and the root a Document
+    // registers on open is empty until written, so a projection that kept empty
+    // roots would change shape when the storage swaps in place under a reader.
+    // Every other root stays whatever its kind: the sealed-copy builder reads
+    // this projection to refuse a kind the frozen form cannot carry.
     toJSON() {
         this._assertNotClosed();
         // When in checkout, read from the preview LoroDoc so the app
         // renders the historical state. Returning to head clears
         // `_checkout` and reads go back to the live `_doc`.
-        const source = this._checkout !== null ? this._checkout.previewDoc : this._doc;
-        const json = source.toJSON();
-        // A paged root holds its records inside page entries beside the store's
-        // own edit bookkeeping, so flatten it to the same record lookup
-        // `doc.map(root).read()` hands back: a serializer and a whole-document
-        // renderer read this surface, and a store that crossed the paging
-        // threshold has to reach them as records. Every root is asked, because a
-        // root no handle was ever taken on is paged by the same rule as one that
-        // was; a root the marker does not name comes back as loro produced it.
-        for (const [rootKey, value] of Object.entries(json)) {
-            if (!isRootLookup(value))
-                continue;
-            if (!readRootPaged(source, rootKey))
-                continue;
-            json[rootKey] = flattenPagedLookup(value, true);
+        const json = this._sealedRoots !== null
+            ? this._sealedRoots.toJSON()
+            : engineJSON(this._checkout !== null ? this._checkout.previewDoc : this._doc);
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(json)) {
+            if (projectsEmpty(value))
+                delete json[key];
         }
         return json;
     }
@@ -2672,7 +4126,7 @@ export class Document {
     // handshake is finished; every other outcome leaves the doc diverged and
     // is the caller's cue to run the handshake again once the push settles.
     /** @internal */
-    maybeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs) {
+    maybeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs, deliveringBlobs = []) {
         // `computeResyncPush` reads `this._doc.version()` / `export()`; refuse on a
         // closed (freed) doc so a late `doc_ops_dropped` / periodic-reverify
         // closure can't touch freed WASM.
@@ -2684,7 +4138,7 @@ export class Document {
             if (this._outstandingByClientId.has(id))
                 return 'in-flight';
         }
-        const chunks = this.computeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs);
+        const chunks = this.computeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs, deliveringBlobs);
         if (chunks === 'covered')
             return 'covered';
         if (chunks === 'undecodable')
@@ -2701,14 +4155,15 @@ export class Document {
     // this client holds CRDT knowledge the durable server state lacks,
     // and if so return the update blob that fills exactly those holes.
     //
-    // The durable frontier is the snapshot's version vector advanced by
-    // every tail op the server delivered (those ops are durable in the
-    // log even though no snapshot has absorbed them yet). Comparing the
-    // local doc against the SNAPSHOT vector alone would falsely flag the
-    // whole durable tail as missing and push it back on every join, which
-    // then grows the log and loops; folding the tail in is what keeps the
-    // handshake a no-op in the common "server already has everything"
-    // case. `decodeImportBlobMeta` reads each blob's end vector from its
+    // What the server holds is the snapshot (every author's ops from zero to
+    // its version vector) plus each tail op it served, range by range: a tail
+    // op is durable in the log even though no snapshot has absorbed it. Holding
+    // the tail as ranges rather than folding it into one counter per author is
+    // what sees a hole: a log that lost an author's op and stored that author's
+    // later ones can apply none of them, so the op that fills the hole is
+    // exactly what has to go back. Leaving the tail out altogether would flag
+    // the whole tail as missing and push it back on every join, which grows the
+    // log and loops. `decodeImportBlobMeta` reads each blob's range from its
     // header without a full import, so this stays cheap.
     //
     // Returns the chunks to resync-push, `'covered'` when the durable state
@@ -2719,10 +4174,11 @@ export class Document {
     // nothing about whether the doc has diverged, so a caller healing a known
     // divergence must keep asking.
     //
-    // The common case is one chunk: an `update` export from the durable
-    // frontier carries only the missing ops plus their dependencies, never
-    // the whole history, and a realistic gap is far under the per-frame
-    // cap. When the missing slice exceeds the cap (a BIM-sized edit set:
+    // The common case is one chunk: when each author is missing only its
+    // newest ops, an `update` export carries exactly those, and a realistic
+    // gap is far under the per-frame cap. A hole below ops the server holds
+    // ships as its own `updates-in-range` span, one range per author per blob,
+    // so a blob never re-sends what the server holds. When the missing slice exceeds the cap (a BIM-sized edit set:
     // a geometry import or bulk parametric change discarded then healed, or
     // a large offline divergence on reconnect), it is split into multiple
     // chunks via `updates-in-range` spans, each under the cap, so even a
@@ -2749,7 +4205,7 @@ export class Document {
      * @internal
      */
     _snapshotHasUnseenAuthor(persistedSnapshotVersionVector) {
-        if (this._closed)
+        if (this._closed || this._sealedRoots !== null)
             return false;
         let durable;
         try {
@@ -2768,50 +4224,45 @@ export class Document {
         return false;
     }
     /** @internal */
-    computeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs) {
-        let durable;
+    computeResyncPush(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, durableTailBlobs, deliveringBlobs = []) {
+        // Frozen content holds no local ops, so the durable frontier covers it.
+        if (this._sealedRoots !== null)
+            return 'covered';
+        let held;
         try {
-            durable = VersionVector.decode(persistedSnapshotVersionVector);
-            for (const blob of durableTailBlobs) {
-                const meta = decodeImportBlobMeta(blob, false);
-                durable = mergeVersionVectors(durable, meta.partialEndVersionVector);
-            }
+            // An op the transport has only just sent is on its way rather than
+            // missing; counting it as held keeps the handshake from writing a
+            // second copy of it beside the transport's own send.
+            held = durableHoldings(persistedSnapshotVersionVector, [
+                ...durableTailBlobs,
+                ...deliveringBlobs,
+            ]);
         }
         catch (err) {
             console.warn('[Brass] durability handshake skipped: could not decode the persisted version vector or a tail op blob', err);
             return 'undecodable';
         }
         const local = this._doc.version();
-        const cmp = local.compare(durable);
-        // `compare` returns -1/0 when local is at or behind the durable
-        // frontier (nothing to push), 1 when local is strictly ahead, and
-        // undefined when the two are concurrent (local holds ops the server
-        // lacks AND vice versa). Push in the ahead and concurrent cases; the
-        // export from `durable` carries only the local-only ops either way.
-        if (cmp !== undefined && cmp <= 0)
+        const missing = rangesMissingFrom(local, held);
+        if (missing.length === 0)
             return 'covered';
-        // Common case: the whole missing slice fits in one frame. Keep this
-        // path byte-identical to a plain `update` export so the no-chunking
-        // case is unchanged.
-        const full = this._doc.export({ mode: 'update', from: durable });
-        if (full.byteLength <= RESYNC_PUSH_MAX_BYTES)
-            return [full];
-        // Large divergence: split the per-peer missing ranges into chunks.
-        return this.chunkMissingSlice(local, durable);
-    }
-    // The per-peer ranges local holds beyond `durable`, as half-open
-    // [from, to) counter ranges. `export({ mode: 'update', from })` covers
-    // exactly these ops; we re-express them as `updates-in-range` spans so
-    // they can be split.
-    missingRanges(local, durable) {
-        const durableMap = durable.toJSON();
-        const ranges = [];
-        for (const [peer, to] of local.toJSON()) {
-            const from = durableMap.get(peer) ?? 0;
-            if (to > from)
-                ranges.push({ peer, from, to });
-        }
-        return ranges;
+        // Common case: each author is missing only its newest ops, which is an
+        // `update` export from a version vector, and the slice fits in one frame.
+        const tails = new Map(missing.map((r) => [r.peer, r]));
+        const localMap = local.toJSON();
+        if (tails.size === missing.length &&
+            missing.every((r) => r.to === localMap.get(r.peer))) {
+            const from = new Map(localMap);
+            for (const r of missing)
+                from.set(r.peer, r.from);
+            const full = this._doc.export({
+                mode: 'update',
+                from: VersionVector.parseJSON(from),
+            });
+            if (full.byteLength <= RESYNC_PUSH_MAX_BYTES)
+                return [full];
+        }
+        return oneRangePerAuthor(missing).flatMap((group) => this.chunkRanges(group, true));
     }
     // Recursively export the given ranges as one `updates-in-range` blob,
     // splitting by op count until each blob is under the per-chunk cap.
@@ -2850,9 +4301,6 @@ export class Document {
             ...this.chunkRanges(second, dropOversizedSingle),
         ];
     }
-    chunkMissingSlice(local, durable) {
-        return this.chunkRanges(this.missingRanges(local, durable), true);
-    }
     // A local commit re-exported as several op blobs, or null to ship it whole.
     //
     // `mutate` bounds what one commit carries by committing as it goes, but a
@@ -2934,17 +4382,19 @@ export class Document {
             return;
         this._suspended = true;
         this._setStreamsSuspended(true);
-        // A pending auto-checkpoint would otherwise fire against a parked
-        // Document and silently no-op via the scheduler's guard.
-        // Cancelling here keeps the timer count clean across long-lived
-        // caches and avoids the no-op fetch flush.
-        this._checkpoints.cancelAuto();
+        // Calls still waiting for a marker get one now rather than after the
+        // spacing, and a pending auto-checkpoint is cancelled rather than left to
+        // fire against a parked Document.
+        this._checkpoints.detach();
         this._subs.clear();
         this._undoStateSubs.clear();
         this._gone.clearListeners();
         this._workStatus.clearListeners();
         this._driveStatus.clearListeners();
         this._drivePublishTarget.clearListeners();
+        this._inputFollowers.stopAll();
+        this._inputStatusHub?.dispose();
+        this._inputStatusHub = null;
         // Presence subscribes its OWN WS topic and keeps it alive across a park
         // (resume does not re-create the controller), so drop its app-side
         // change listeners here the same way as the sets above: a parked doc
@@ -2959,11 +4409,11 @@ export class Document {
         // so a subscription an app registered before `close()` would keep firing
         // the app's callback on a doc it has closed. Detaching first stops that;
         // fresh handles are minted on resume + next access.
-        for (const entry of this._rootHandles.values()) {
-            if (entry.kind === 'text')
-                entry.handle._teardown();
-            else
-                teardownRootHandle(entry.handle);
+        // The handles over the ones torn down go with them, so a resumed open is
+        // handed fresh handles like any other.
+        if (this._sealedRoots === null) {
+            this._teardownRootHandles();
+            this._handles.clear();
         }
         this._rootHandles.clear();
         // Drop the ordered-map cache too. Each wrapper holds the specific root
@@ -3002,9 +4452,24 @@ export class Document {
     get _openGeneration() {
         return this._openEpoch;
     }
+    /** @internal Whether the latest join reported the document as its stored
+     *  file with no import run yet. Set by the open layer on every join, so an
+     *  importer can hold the document before its claim goes out. */
+    _awaitsImport = false;
+    /** @internal The status an importer holds the document under, or null. */
+    _importHold = null;
+    /** @internal Why this client stopped waiting to import the document, or
+     *  null. */
+    _importAbandoned = null;
     close() {
         if (this._closed)
             return;
+        // Before anything is torn down: the final marker reads the seq and the
+        // unacked-op count this close is about to drop.
+        this._checkpoints.detach();
+        this._stopChangeNotice?.();
+        this._stopChangeNotice = null;
+        this._changedListeners.clear();
         this._closeStreams();
         this._closed = true;
         this._suspended = false;
@@ -3020,6 +4485,10 @@ export class Document {
             this._undo.free();
             this._undo = null;
         }
+        if (!this._undoGroup.isOwner(this)) {
+            this._undoGroup.delete(this);
+            this._undoGroup.changed();
+        }
         this._thumbnails.destroy();
         this._checkpoints.cancelAuto();
         this._localOpHook = null;
@@ -3037,15 +4506,14 @@ export class Document {
         this._workStatus.clearListeners();
         this._driveStatus.clearListeners();
         this._drivePublishTarget.clearListeners();
+        this._inputFollowers.stopAll();
+        this._inputStatusHub?.dispose();
+        this._inputStatusHub = null;
         // Detach handle subscriptions before freeing the doc (below): a handle's
         // per-container Loro subscription outlives the cache reference, and
         // `_doc.free()` must not run with subscriptions still attached.
-        for (const entry of this._rootHandles.values()) {
-            if (entry.kind === 'text')
-                entry.handle._teardown();
-            else
-                teardownRootHandle(entry.handle);
-        }
+        if (this._sealedRoots === null)
+            this._teardownRootHandles();
         this._rootHandles.clear();
         this._orderedMapHandles.clear();
         // Free a live historical-checkout preview: it is a distinct LoroDoc
@@ -3054,7 +4522,7 @@ export class Document {
         // mirrors `_checkoutVersion` / `returnToHead`: the frozen cold-link case
         // has `previewDoc === _doc`, where `_doc.free()` below already covers it
         // and an unguarded free would double-free.
-        if (this._checkout && this._checkout.previewDoc !== this._doc) {
+        if (this._checkout && this._checkout.previewDoc !== this._engine) {
             try {
                 this._checkout.previewDoc.free();
             }
@@ -3066,7 +4534,7 @@ export class Document {
         // Loro's WASM has a `free()` to drop the heap-allocated doc state.
         // Calling it after `close()` invalidates the doc, which is what we
         // want; future mutate/subscribe calls throw above.
-        this._doc.free();
+        this._engine?.free();
     }
 }
 //# sourceMappingURL=documents.js.map