@bastani/atomic 0.9.16-alpha.2 → 0.9.16-alpha.3

package/dist/builtin/workflows/src/durable/dbos-embedded-postgres-root.ts

@@ -1,681 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Root-execution support for the embedded DBOS Postgres.
- *
- * PostgreSQL categorically refuses to run `initdb`/`postgres` as UID 0, so a
- * root Atomic process (common in containers, CI sandboxes, and eval harnesses)
- * cannot provision the embedded cluster directly. On Linux we instead resolve
- * an unprivileged system account, keep the cluster under a root-safe base
- * directory (`/root` is mode 0700 and untraversable by that account), and run
- * every Postgres command with dropped privileges.
- *
- * Privilege dropping is strategy-probed at runtime because subprocess
- * implementations can differ in how completely they apply `uid`/`gid` spawn
- * options. Every candidate must prove the target uid, primary gid, and safe
- * supplementary groups before it can run any owner command. Incomplete
- * candidates fall back to `setpriv`, `runuser`, or `su`.
- *
- * The embedded binaries themselves may also live under an untraversable
- * probe them as the unprivileged owner and fall back to a recoverable staged
- * copy in the cluster base directory.
- */
-
-import { createHash, type Hash } from "node:crypto";
-import type { Stats } from "node:fs";
-import {
-	chmod,
-	chown,
-	cp,
-	lstat,
-	mkdir,
-	open,
-	readdir,
-	readlink,
-	realpath,
-	rename,
-	rm,
-	writeFile,
-} from "node:fs/promises";
-import { homedir } from "node:os";
-import { dirname, isAbsolute, join, relative, sep } from "node:path";
-import { type LocalCommandOptions, type LocalCommandResult, runLocalCommand } from "./local-command.js";
-
-export interface EmbeddedPostgresOwner {
-	readonly uid: number;
-	readonly gid: number;
-	readonly name: string;
-}
-
-export interface EmbeddedPostgresRunContext {
-	/** Directory that holds the cluster, log file, and setup locks. */
-	readonly baseDir: string;
-	/** Present only when commands must drop privileges (Linux root). */
-	readonly owner?: EmbeddedPostgresOwner;
-	/** Runs a command as the owner; identity pass-through when no owner. */
-	readonly runAsOwner: LocalCommandRunner;
-}
-
-export interface EmbeddedPostgresBinaryPaths {
-	readonly pg_ctl: string;
-	readonly initdb: string;
-	readonly postgres: string;
-}
-
-export type LocalCommandRunner = (
-	command: string,
-	args: readonly string[],
-	options?: LocalCommandOptions,
-) => Promise<LocalCommandResult>;
-
-/** Root-safe cluster location: system path, traversable by system accounts. */
-export const ROOT_EMBEDDED_BASE_DIR = "/var/lib/atomic-postgres";
-
-/** Unprivileged accounts tried in order; `postgres` wins when present. */
-const OWNER_CANDIDATES = ["postgres", "nobody", "daemon"] as const;
-
-export function defaultEmbeddedBaseDir(): string {
-	return join(homedir(), ".atomic", "postgres");
-}
-
-/**
- * Resolve where and as whom the embedded cluster should run. Non-root (and
- * every non-Linux platform) keeps the historical home-directory layout. Linux
- * root without a resolvable unprivileged account, or without any working
- * privilege-drop mechanism, also falls through to the default context so
- * PostgreSQL's own root refusal surfaces with full detail.
- */
-export async function resolveEmbeddedRunContext(
-	runner: LocalCommandRunner = runLocalCommand,
-	euid: number | undefined = process.getuid?.(),
-	platform: NodeJS.Platform = process.platform,
-): Promise<EmbeddedPostgresRunContext> {
-	if (platform !== "linux" || euid !== 0) {
-		return { baseDir: defaultEmbeddedBaseDir(), runAsOwner: runner };
-	}
-	for (const name of OWNER_CANDIDATES) {
-		const owner = await lookupOwner(runner, name);
-		if (owner === undefined) continue;
-		const runAsOwner = await resolvePrivilegeDrop(runner, owner);
-		if (runAsOwner === undefined) continue;
-		return { baseDir: ROOT_EMBEDDED_BASE_DIR, owner, runAsOwner };
-	}
-	return { baseDir: defaultEmbeddedBaseDir(), runAsOwner: runner };
-}
-
-/**
- * Return a runner that verifiably executes commands as the owner, or
- * `undefined` when no drop mechanism works. Each candidate proves its complete
- * effective identity through its own runner before it can be selected.
- */
-export async function resolvePrivilegeDrop(
-	runner: LocalCommandRunner,
-	owner: EmbeddedPostgresOwner,
-): Promise<LocalCommandRunner | undefined> {
-	const strategies: readonly LocalCommandRunner[] = [
-		(command, args, options) => runner(command, args, { ...options, uid: owner.uid, gid: owner.gid }),
-		(command, args, options) =>
-			runner(
-				"setpriv",
-				[`--reuid=${owner.uid}`, `--regid=${owner.gid}`, "--clear-groups", "--", command, ...args],
-				options,
-			),
-		(command, args, options) => runner("runuser", ["-u", owner.name, "--", command, ...args], options),
-		(command, args, options) =>
-			runner("su", ["-s", "/bin/sh", "-c", shellCommand(command, args), owner.name], options),
-	];
-	for (const strategy of strategies) {
-		if (await provesOwnerIdentity(strategy, owner)) return strategy;
-	}
-	return undefined;
-}
-
-async function provesOwnerIdentity(strategy: LocalCommandRunner, owner: EmbeddedPostgresOwner): Promise<boolean> {
-	try {
-		const uid = parseIdentityNumber(await strategy("id", ["-u"]));
-		if (uid !== owner.uid) return false;
-		const gid = parseIdentityNumber(await strategy("id", ["-g"]));
-		if (gid !== owner.gid) return false;
-		const groups = parseIdentityGroups(await strategy("id", ["-G"]));
-		return groups?.has(owner.gid) === true && (owner.uid === 0 || !groups.has(0));
-	} catch {
-		return false;
-	}
-}
-
-function parseIdentityNumber(result: LocalCommandResult): number | undefined {
-	if (result.exitCode !== 0 || result.stdoutTruncated === true) return undefined;
-	const match = /^(0|[1-9]\d*)\r?\n?$/.exec(result.stdout);
-	if (match === null) return undefined;
-	const value = Number(match[1]);
-	return Number.isSafeInteger(value) ? value : undefined;
-}
-
-function parseIdentityGroups(result: LocalCommandResult): ReadonlySet<number> | undefined {
-	if (
-		result.exitCode !== 0 ||
-		result.stdoutTruncated === true ||
-		!/^(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:[ \t]+(0|[1-9]\d*))*\r?\n?$/.test(result.stdout)
-	) {
-		return undefined;
-	}
-	const values = result.stdout
-		.trimEnd()
-		.split(/[ \t]+/)
-		.map(Number);
-	if (values.some((value) => !Number.isSafeInteger(value))) return undefined;
-	const groups = new Set(values);
-	return groups.size === values.length ? groups : undefined;
-}
-
-export interface RuntimePublicationLease {
-	/** Unique setup-lock owner token persisted beside unpublished stage work. */
-	readonly ownerToken: string;
-	/** Refresh ownership now; false means stale takeover displaced this publisher. */
-	readonly refresh: () => boolean;
-}
-
-export interface RuntimePreparationOptions {
-	readonly publicationLease?: RuntimePublicationLease;
-	/** Test seam immediately after the first exact source snapshot. */
-	readonly afterInitialSourceSnapshot?: () => void | Promise<void>;
-	/** Test seam at the sealed validation/publication boundary. */
-	readonly beforePublish?: (stagedRuntime: string) => void | Promise<void>;
-	/** Test seam immediately after the atomic publication rename. */
-	readonly afterPublish?: (publishedRuntime: string) => void | Promise<void>;
-	/** Test seam after published content/source validation but before final lease selection. */
-	readonly afterPublishValidation?: (publishedRuntime: string) => void | Promise<void>;
-	/** Test seam for deterministic event-loop cooperation without real delays. */
-	readonly yieldToEventLoop?: () => Promise<void>;
-}
-
-const STAGE_OWNER_FILE = ".atomic-stage-owner";
-const STAGE_PAYLOAD_DIR = "runtime";
-const TRAVERSAL_OPERATIONS_PER_YIELD = 16;
-const HASH_CHUNK_BYTES = 64 * 1024;
-
-/**
- * Ensure the embedded binaries are executable by the drop-privilege owner.
- * Probes `initdb --version` as the owner; on failure (typically an
- * untraversable ancestor such as `/root`) uses an immutable copied package
- * generation. Each generation is tied to the exact source-tree content and
- * raw symlink text, so a stale or corrupt prior copy is never selected.
- */
-export async function prepareBinariesForOwner(
-	binaries: EmbeddedPostgresBinaryPaths,
-	context: EmbeddedPostgresRunContext,
-	runner: LocalCommandRunner = runLocalCommand,
-	options: RuntimePreparationOptions = {},
-): Promise<EmbeddedPostgresBinaryPaths> {
-	const owner = context.owner;
-	if (owner === undefined) return binaries;
-
-	const probe = await context.runAsOwner(binaries.initdb, ["--version"]).catch(() => undefined);
-	if (probe !== undefined && probe.exitCode === 0) return binaries;
-
-	// `<packageRoot>/native/bin/initdb` → copy the whole `native` tree so the
-	// binaries keep their relative `../lib` runtime library references. Do not
-	// resolve or rewrite the configured caller paths or any relative link text.
-	const sourceNativeDir = dirname(dirname(binaries.initdb));
-	const copiedRuntimeDir = join(context.baseDir, "pg-runtime");
-	const publisher = publisherIdentity();
-	const progress = runtimeProgress(options);
-	const sourceSnapshot = await snapshotSourceRuntime(sourceNativeDir, publisher, progress);
-	await options.afterInitialSourceSnapshot?.();
-	const copiedNativeDir = await findOrCreateRuntimeGeneration(
-		sourceNativeDir,
-		sourceSnapshot,
-		copiedRuntimeDir,
-		publisher,
-		runner,
-		progress,
-		options,
-	);
-	return {
-		pg_ctl: join(copiedNativeDir, "bin", "pg_ctl"),
-		initdb: join(copiedNativeDir, "bin", "initdb"),
-		postgres: join(copiedNativeDir, "bin", "postgres"),
-	};
-}
-
-/**
- * Reap only stages whose setup owner was both displaced and proven dead.
- * A stale heartbeat alone is not abandonment: a live process can have been
- * scheduler-starved, and deleting its stage would race in-flight copy/hash I/O.
- * Legacy untagged stages remain finite migration evidence and are not guessed at.
- */
-export async function cleanupAbandonedRuntimeStages(
-	baseDir: string,
-	abandonedOwnerTokens: ReadonlySet<string> = new Set(),
-): Promise<void> {
-	if (abandonedOwnerTokens.size === 0) return;
-	const copiedRuntimeDir = join(baseDir, "pg-runtime");
-	let entries: string[];
-	try {
-		entries = await readdir(copiedRuntimeDir);
-	} catch (error) {
-		const code = error instanceof Error && "code" in error ? error.code : undefined;
-		if (code === "ENOENT") return;
-		throw error;
-	}
-	for (const entry of entries) {
-		if (!entry.startsWith(".native-staged-")) continue;
-		const stage = join(copiedRuntimeDir, entry);
-		let ownerToken: string;
-		try {
-			ownerToken = await readSmallFile(join(stage, STAGE_OWNER_FILE));
-		} catch {
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (abandonedOwnerTokens.has(ownerToken)) await rm(stage, { recursive: true, force: true });
-	}
-}
-
-interface PublisherIdentity {
-	readonly uid: number;
-	readonly gid: number;
-}
-
-interface SourceRuntimeSnapshot {
-	readonly sourceIdentity: string;
-	readonly sealedIdentity: string;
-}
-
-type RuntimeProgress = () => Promise<void>;
-
-/**
- * One exact source identity owns one deterministic path. If that path is
- * externally corrupted it is retained (it may be executing) and setup fails
- * closed; repeated calls neither append repair generations nor scan legacy
- * unique generations, selected `native`, or `.native-retired-*` evidence.
- */
-async function findOrCreateRuntimeGeneration(
-	sourceNativeDir: string,
-	sourceSnapshot: SourceRuntimeSnapshot,
-	copiedRuntimeDir: string,
-	publisher: PublisherIdentity,
-	runner: LocalCommandRunner,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-	options: RuntimePreparationOptions,
-): Promise<string> {
-	await mkdir(copiedRuntimeDir, { recursive: true, mode: 0o755 });
-	const runtimeStat = await lstat(copiedRuntimeDir);
-	if (!runtimeStat.isDirectory() || runtimeStat.isSymbolicLink()) {
-		throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime parent must be a real directory: ${copiedRuntimeDir}`);
-	}
-	await chown(copiedRuntimeDir, publisher.uid, publisher.gid);
-	await chmod(copiedRuntimeDir, 0o755);
-	const generationNativeDir = join(copiedRuntimeDir, `native-${sourceSnapshot.sourceIdentity}`);
-	const existing = await lstatOrUndefined(generationNativeDir);
-	if (existing !== undefined) {
-		try {
-			if ((await snapshotSealedRuntime(generationNativeDir, progress)) !== sourceSnapshot.sealedIdentity) {
-				throw new Error("sealed identity mismatch");
-			}
-			await assertSourceSnapshotUnchanged(
-				sourceNativeDir,
-				sourceSnapshot,
-				publisher,
-				progress,
-				"Embedded Postgres source package changed while selecting an existing generation.",
-			);
-			return generationNativeDir;
-		} catch (error) {
-			if (error instanceof SourceRuntimeChangedError) throw error;
-			const detail = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-			throw new Error(
-				`Embedded Postgres runtime generation is corrupt and cannot be replaced while it may be in use (${generationNativeDir}): ${detail}`,
-			);
-		}
-	}
-
-	const stageOwner = options.publicationLease?.ownerToken ?? `unmanaged-${process.pid}-${crypto.randomUUID()}`;
-	const stagedRoot = join(copiedRuntimeDir, `.native-staged-${process.pid}-${crypto.randomUUID()}`);
-	const stagedNativeDir = join(stagedRoot, STAGE_PAYLOAD_DIR);
-	await mkdir(stagedRoot, { mode: 0o700 });
-	await writeFile(join(stagedRoot, STAGE_OWNER_FILE), stageOwner, { mode: 0o600, flag: "wx" });
-	try {
-		await progress();
-		await cp(sourceNativeDir, stagedNativeDir, { recursive: true, verbatimSymlinks: true });
-		const copiedSnapshot = await snapshotSourceRuntime(stagedNativeDir, publisher, progress);
-		if (copiedSnapshot.sourceIdentity !== sourceSnapshot.sourceIdentity) {
-			throw new Error("Copied embedded Postgres runtime did not match its source package.");
-		}
-		await sealRuntimeForPublisher(stagedNativeDir, publisher, runner, progress);
-		if ((await snapshotSealedRuntime(stagedNativeDir, progress)) !== sourceSnapshot.sealedIdentity) {
-			throw new Error("Sealed embedded Postgres runtime did not match its source package.");
-		}
-		await options.beforePublish?.(stagedNativeDir);
-		if ((await snapshotSealedRuntime(stagedNativeDir, progress)) !== sourceSnapshot.sealedIdentity) {
-			throw new Error("Embedded Postgres runtime changed after sealed validation and before publication.");
-		}
-		await assertSourceSnapshotUnchanged(
-			sourceNativeDir,
-			sourceSnapshot,
-			publisher,
-			progress,
-			"Embedded Postgres source package changed while preparing a generation.",
-		);
-		assertPublicationLease(options, "Embedded Postgres runtime publication lost its setup lease.");
-		await progress();
-		// The stage is publisher-owned and has no write bit for any uid before
-		// this single same-parent rename. The Postgres uid therefore has no
-		// validation-to-publication mutation window. Root mutation is caught by
-		// validation through the deterministic path after the rename.
-		await rename(stagedNativeDir, generationNativeDir);
-		await options.afterPublish?.(generationNativeDir);
-		if ((await snapshotSealedRuntime(generationNativeDir, progress)) !== sourceSnapshot.sealedIdentity) {
-			throw new Error("Embedded Postgres published runtime changed during publication.");
-		}
-		await assertSourceSnapshotUnchanged(
-			sourceNativeDir,
-			sourceSnapshot,
-			publisher,
-			progress,
-			"Embedded Postgres source package changed during publication.",
-		);
-		await options.afterPublishValidation?.(generationNativeDir);
-		assertPublicationLease(options, "Embedded Postgres runtime lost its setup lease after publication.");
-		return generationNativeDir;
-	} finally {
-		await makeUnpublishedStageRemovable(stagedNativeDir).catch(() => {});
-		await rm(stagedRoot, { recursive: true, force: true });
-	}
-}
-
-class SourceRuntimeChangedError extends Error {}
-
-async function assertSourceSnapshotUnchanged(
-	sourceNativeDir: string,
-	expected: SourceRuntimeSnapshot,
-	publisher: PublisherIdentity,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-	message: string,
-): Promise<void> {
-	const current = await snapshotSourceRuntime(sourceNativeDir, publisher, progress);
-	if (current.sourceIdentity !== expected.sourceIdentity || current.sealedIdentity !== expected.sealedIdentity) {
-		throw new SourceRuntimeChangedError(message);
-	}
-}
-
-function assertPublicationLease(options: RuntimePreparationOptions, message: string): void {
-	if (options.publicationLease !== undefined && !options.publicationLease.refresh()) throw new Error(message);
-}
-function runtimeProgress(options: RuntimePreparationOptions): RuntimeProgress {
-	let operations = 0;
-	const yieldToEventLoop = options.yieldToEventLoop ?? (() => new Promise<void>((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve)));
-	return async () => {
-		if (operations % TRAVERSAL_OPERATIONS_PER_YIELD === 0) {
-			if (options.publicationLease !== undefined && !options.publicationLease.refresh()) {
-				throw new Error("Embedded Postgres runtime publication lost its setup lease.");
-			}
-			if (operations > 0) {
-				await yieldToEventLoop();
-				if (options.publicationLease !== undefined && !options.publicationLease.refresh()) {
-					throw new Error("Embedded Postgres runtime publication lost its setup lease.");
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		operations += 1;
-	};
-}
-
-/** Hash source bytes/raw link text/modes and its exact sealed projection. */
-async function snapshotSourceRuntime(
-	root: string,
-	publisher: PublisherIdentity,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-): Promise<SourceRuntimeSnapshot> {
-	const rootStat = await lstat(root);
-	assertRuntimeRoot(root, rootStat);
-	const rootRealPath = await realpath(root);
-	const sourceHash = createHash("sha256");
-	const sealedHash = createHash("sha256");
-	await hashSourceEntry(sourceHash, sealedHash, root, ".", rootRealPath, publisher, progress);
-	return { sourceIdentity: sourceHash.digest("hex"), sealedIdentity: sealedHash.digest("hex") };
-}
-
-async function hashSourceEntry(
-	sourceHash: Hash,
-	sealedHash: Hash,
-	path: string,
-	relativePath: string,
-	rootRealPath: string,
-	publisher: PublisherIdentity,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-): Promise<void> {
-	await progress();
-	const stat = await lstat(path);
-	if (stat.isSymbolicLink()) {
-		const target = await validatedLinkTarget(path, relativePath, rootRealPath);
-		hashField(sourceHash, "link", relativePath, target);
-		hashField(sealedHash, "link", relativePath, String(publisher.uid), String(publisher.gid), target);
-		return;
-	}
-	if (stat.isDirectory()) {
-		hashField(sourceHash, "directory", relativePath, String(stat.mode & 0o777));
-		hashField(
-			sealedHash,
-			"directory",
-			relativePath,
-			String(sealedDirectoryMode(relativePath === ".")),
-			String(publisher.uid),
-			String(publisher.gid),
-		);
-		for (const entry of (await readdir(path)).sort()) {
-			await hashSourceEntry(
-				sourceHash,
-				sealedHash,
-				join(path, entry),
-				relativePath === "." ? entry : join(relativePath, entry),
-				rootRealPath,
-				publisher,
-				progress,
-			);
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-	if (stat.isFile()) {
-		hashField(sourceHash, "file", relativePath, String(stat.mode & 0o777), String(stat.size));
-		hashField(
-			sealedHash,
-			"file",
-			relativePath,
-			String(sealedFileMode(stat.mode)),
-			String(publisher.uid),
-			String(publisher.gid),
-			String(stat.size),
-		);
-		await hashFileInto([sourceHash, sealedHash], path, progress);
-		return;
-	}
-	throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime contains an unsupported entry: ${relativePath}`);
-}
-
-async function snapshotSealedRuntime(root: string, progress: RuntimeProgress): Promise<string> {
-	const rootStat = await lstat(root);
-	assertRuntimeRoot(root, rootStat);
-	const rootRealPath = await realpath(root);
-	const hash = createHash("sha256");
-	await hashSealedEntry(hash, root, ".", rootRealPath, progress);
-	return hash.digest("hex");
-}
-
-async function hashSealedEntry(
-	hash: Hash,
-	path: string,
-	relativePath: string,
-	rootRealPath: string,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-): Promise<void> {
-	await progress();
-	const stat = await lstat(path);
-	if (stat.isSymbolicLink()) {
-		const target = await validatedLinkTarget(path, relativePath, rootRealPath);
-		hashField(hash, "link", relativePath, String(stat.uid), String(stat.gid), target);
-		return;
-	}
-	if (stat.isDirectory()) {
-		hashField(hash, "directory", relativePath, String(stat.mode & 0o777), String(stat.uid), String(stat.gid));
-		for (const entry of (await readdir(path)).sort()) {
-			await hashSealedEntry(
-				hash,
-				join(path, entry),
-				relativePath === "." ? entry : join(relativePath, entry),
-				rootRealPath,
-				progress,
-			);
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-	if (stat.isFile()) {
-		hashField(
-			hash,
-			"file",
-			relativePath,
-			String(stat.mode & 0o777),
-			String(stat.uid),
-			String(stat.gid),
-			String(stat.size),
-		);
-		await hashFileInto([hash], path, progress);
-		return;
-	}
-	throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime contains an unsupported entry: ${relativePath}`);
-}
-
-async function validatedLinkTarget(path: string, relativePath: string, rootRealPath: string): Promise<string> {
-	const target = await readlink(path);
-	if (isAbsolute(target)) throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime contains an absolute link: ${relativePath}`);
-	const resolvedTarget = await realpath(path);
-	const targetFromRoot = relative(rootRealPath, resolvedTarget);
-	if (targetFromRoot === ".." || targetFromRoot.startsWith(`..${sep}`) || isAbsolute(targetFromRoot)) {
-		throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime link escapes its tree: ${relativePath}`);
-	}
-	return target;
-}
-
-async function hashFileInto(hashes: readonly Hash[], path: string, progress: RuntimeProgress): Promise<void> {
-	const handle = await open(path, "r");
-	const buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(HASH_CHUNK_BYTES);
-	try {
-		for (;;) {
-			const { bytesRead } = await handle.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length, null);
-			if (bytesRead === 0) return;
-			const chunk = buffer.subarray(0, bytesRead);
-			for (const hash of hashes) hash.update(chunk);
-			await progress();
-		}
-	} finally {
-		await handle.close();
-	}
-}
-
-async function sealRuntimeForPublisher(
-	runtimeDir: string,
-	publisher: PublisherIdentity,
-	runner: LocalCommandRunner,
-	progress: RuntimeProgress,
-): Promise<void> {
-	const result = await runner("chown", ["-R", `${publisher.uid}:${publisher.gid}`, runtimeDir]);
-	if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
-		throw new Error(
-			`Could not seal the copied embedded Postgres runtime: ${result.stderr.trim() || result.stdout.trim() || `exit ${result.exitCode}`}`,
-		);
-	}
-	await sealRuntimeModes(runtimeDir, progress, true);
-}
-
-async function sealRuntimeModes(path: string, progress: RuntimeProgress, isRoot = false): Promise<void> {
-	await progress();
-	const stat = await lstat(path);
-	if (stat.isSymbolicLink()) return;
-	if (stat.isDirectory()) {
-		await chmod(path, 0o700);
-		for (const entry of await readdir(path)) await sealRuntimeModes(join(path, entry), progress);
-		await chmod(path, sealedDirectoryMode(isRoot));
-		return;
-	}
-	if (stat.isFile()) {
-		await chmod(path, sealedFileMode(stat.mode));
-		return;
-	}
-	throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime contains an unsupported entry while sealing: ${path}`);
-}
-
-async function makeUnpublishedStageRemovable(path: string): Promise<void> {
-	const stat = await lstatOrUndefined(path);
-	if (stat === undefined || stat.isSymbolicLink()) return;
-	if (stat.isDirectory()) {
-		await chmod(path, 0o700);
-		for (const entry of await readdir(path)) await makeUnpublishedStageRemovable(join(path, entry));
-	} else if (stat.isFile()) {
-		await chmod(path, 0o600);
-	}
-}
-
-function sealedDirectoryMode(isRoot: boolean): number {
-	// Node maps Windows chmod/stat to one shared read-only attribute; it cannot
-	// preserve POSIX execute bits or distinct owner/group/other permissions.
-	if (process.platform === "win32") return 0o444;
-	return isRoot ? 0o755 : 0o555;
-}
-
-function sealedFileMode(mode: number): number {
-	if (process.platform === "win32") return 0o444;
-	return (mode & 0o111) === 0 ? 0o444 : 0o555;
-}
-
-function publisherIdentity(): PublisherIdentity {
-	return { uid: process.getuid?.() ?? 0, gid: process.getgid?.() ?? 0 };
-}
-
-function assertRuntimeRoot(root: string, stat: Stats): void {
-	if (!stat.isDirectory() || stat.isSymbolicLink()) {
-		throw new Error(`Embedded Postgres runtime must be a real directory: ${root}`);
-	}
-}
-
-async function lstatOrUndefined(path: string): Promise<Stats | undefined> {
-	try {
-		return await lstat(path);
-	} catch (error) {
-		const code = error instanceof Error && "code" in error ? error.code : undefined;
-		if (code === "ENOENT") return undefined;
-		throw error;
-	}
-}
-
-async function readSmallFile(path: string): Promise<string> {
-	const handle = await open(path, "r");
-	try {
-		const stat = await handle.stat();
-		if (stat.size > 4096) throw new Error(`Unexpectedly large runtime stage owner marker: ${path}`);
-		return (await handle.readFile("utf8")).trim();
-	} finally {
-		await handle.close();
-	}
-}
-
-function hashField(hash: Hash, ...values: readonly string[]): void {
-	for (const value of values) hash.update(`${Buffer.byteLength(value)}:${value}`);
-}
-
-async function lookupOwner(runner: LocalCommandRunner, name: string): Promise<EmbeddedPostgresOwner | undefined> {
-	const uid = await lookupId(runner, ["-u", name]);
-	const gid = await lookupId(runner, ["-g", name]);
-	if (uid === undefined || gid === undefined || uid === 0) return undefined;
-	return { uid, gid, name };
-}
-
-async function lookupId(runner: LocalCommandRunner, args: readonly string[]): Promise<number | undefined> {
-	try {
-		const value = parseIdentityNumber(await runner("id", args));
-		return value !== undefined && value > 0 ? value : undefined;
-	} catch {
-		return undefined;
-	}
-}
-
-/** Single-quote a command line for `su -c`; arguments never embed user input. */
-function shellCommand(command: string, args: readonly string[]): string {
-	return [command, ...args].map((part) => `'${part.replaceAll("'", "'\\''")}'`).join(" ");
-}