@aztec/stdlib 2.1.0-rc.1 → 2.1.0-rc.2

package/dest/epoch-helpers/index.d.ts

@@ -59,4 +59,6 @@ export declare function getProofSubmissionDeadlineEpoch(epochNumber: bigint, con
  * Computed as the start of the given epoch plus the proof submission window.
  */
 export declare function getProofSubmissionDeadlineTimestamp(epochNumber: bigint, constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'epochDuration' | 'proofSubmissionEpochs'>): bigint;
+/** Returns the timestamp to start building a block for a given L2 slot. Computed as the start timestamp of the slot minus one L1 slot duration. */
+export declare function getSlotStartBuildTimestamp(slotNumber: number | bigint, constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'ethereumSlotDuration'>): number;
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dest/epoch-helpers/index.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"index.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/epoch-helpers/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,KAAK,CAAC;AAIxB,MAAM,MAAM,iBAAiB,GAAG;IAC9B,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACrB,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACtB,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACrB,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACtB,oBAAoB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IAC7B,qBAAqB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;CAC/B,CAAC;AAEF,eAAO,MAAM,sBAAsB,EAAE,iBAOpC,CAAC;AAEF,eAAO,MAAM,uBAAuB;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;EAOE,CAAC;AAEvC,iDAAiD;AACjD,wBAAgB,mBAAmB,CACjC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EACZ,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,CAAC,UAGrE;AAED,qDAAqD;AACrD,wBAAgB,kBAAkB,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,CAAC,UAElH;AAED,sDAAsD;AACtD,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,EACV,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,CAAC,UAGvF;AAED,iDAAiD;AACjD,wBAAgB,cAAc,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,CAAC,UAE/F;AAED,0EAA0E;AAC1E,wBAAgB,oBAAoB,CAClC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,CAAC,GAClD,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CAGlB;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,GAAG,sBAAsB,CAAC,GAC9G,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CASlB;AAED;;GAEG;AACH,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,CAAC,UAIvF;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,+BAA+B,CAC7C,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,uBAAuB,CAAC,UAG5D;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,mCAAmC,CACjD,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,GAAG,uBAAuB,CAAC,UAOjH"}
+{"version":3,"file":"index.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/epoch-helpers/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,KAAK,CAAC;AAIxB,MAAM,MAAM,iBAAiB,GAAG;IAC9B,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACrB,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACtB,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACrB,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACtB,oBAAoB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IAC7B,qBAAqB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;CAC/B,CAAC;AAEF,eAAO,MAAM,sBAAsB,EAAE,iBAOpC,CAAC;AAEF,eAAO,MAAM,uBAAuB;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;EAOE,CAAC;AAEvC,iDAAiD;AACjD,wBAAgB,mBAAmB,CACjC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EACZ,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,CAAC,UAGrE;AAED,qDAAqD;AACrD,wBAAgB,kBAAkB,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,CAAC,UAElH;AAED,sDAAsD;AACtD,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,EACV,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,CAAC,UAGvF;AAED,iDAAiD;AACjD,wBAAgB,cAAc,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,CAAC,UAE/F;AAED,0EAA0E;AAC1E,wBAAgB,oBAAoB,CAClC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,CAAC,GAClD,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CAGlB;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,GAAG,sBAAsB,CAAC,GAC9G,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CASlB;AAED;;GAEG;AACH,wBAAgB,yBAAyB,CACvC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,CAAC,UAIvF;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,+BAA+B,CAC7C,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,uBAAuB,CAAC,UAG5D;AAED;;;GAGG;AACH,wBAAgB,mCAAmC,CACjD,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,EACnB,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,eAAe,GAAG,uBAAuB,CAAC,UAOjH;AAED,mJAAmJ;AACnJ,wBAAgB,0BAA0B,CACxC,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,MAAM,EAC3B,SAAS,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,iBAAiB,EAAE,eAAe,GAAG,cAAc,GAAG,sBAAsB,CAAC,GAC5F,MAAM,CAER"}

package/dest/epoch-helpers/index.js

@@ -68,3 +68,6 @@ export const L1RollupConstantsSchema = z.object({
     const [deadlineSlot] = getSlotRangeForEpoch(deadlineEpoch, constants);
     return getTimestampForSlot(deadlineSlot, constants);
 }
+/** Returns the timestamp to start building a block for a given L2 slot. Computed as the start timestamp of the slot minus one L1 slot duration. */ export function getSlotStartBuildTimestamp(slotNumber, constants) {
+    return Number(constants.l1GenesisTime) + Number(slotNumber) * constants.slotDuration - constants.ethereumSlotDuration;
+}

package/dest/file-store/factory.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"factory.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/file-store/factory.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,MAAM,EAAgB,MAAM,uBAAuB,CAAC;AAIlE,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,MAAM,gBAAgB,CAAC;AASnE,wBAAsB,eAAe,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC;AAC3F,wBAAsB,eAAe,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC;AAgC9F,wBAAsB,uBAAuB,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,iBAAiB,CAAC,CAAC;AAC3G,wBAAsB,uBAAuB,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC"}
+{"version":3,"file":"factory.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/file-store/factory.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,MAAM,EAAgB,MAAM,uBAAuB,CAAC;AAIlE,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,MAAM,gBAAgB,CAAC;AAWnE,wBAAsB,eAAe,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC;AAC3F,wBAAsB,eAAe,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC;AA6C9F,wBAAsB,uBAAuB,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,iBAAiB,CAAC,CAAC;AAC3G,wBAAsB,uBAAuB,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,CAAC"}

package/dest/file-store/factory.js

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { GoogleCloudFileStore } from './gcs.js';
 import { HttpFileStore } from './http.js';
 import { LocalFileStore } from './local.js';
+import { S3FileStore } from './s3.js';
 const supportedExamples = [
     `gs://bucket-name/path/to/store`,
+    `s3://bucket-name/path/to/store`,
     `file:///absolute/local/path/to/store`,
     `https://host/path`
 ];
@@ -30,6 +32,22 @@ export async function createFileStore(config, logger = createLogger('stdlib:file
         } catch  {
             throw new Error(`Invalid google cloud store definition: '${config}'.`);
         }
+    } else if (config.startsWith('s3://')) {
+        try {
+            const url = new URL(config);
+            const bucket = url.host;
+            const path = url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+            const endpoint = url.searchParams.get('endpoint');
+            const publicBaseUrl = url.searchParams.get('publicBaseUrl') ?? undefined;
+            logger.info(`Creating S3 file store at ${bucket} ${path}`);
+            const store = new S3FileStore(bucket, path, {
+                endpoint: endpoint ?? undefined,
+                publicBaseUrl
+            });
+            return store;
+        } catch  {
+            throw new Error(`Invalid S3 store definition: '${config}'.`);
+        }
     } else {
         throw new Error(`Unknown file store config: '${config}'. Supported values are ${supportedExamples.join(', ')}.`);
     }

package/dest/file-store/interface.d.ts

@@ -14,9 +14,15 @@ export type FileStoreSaveOptions = {
 };
 /** Simple file store. */
 export interface FileStore extends ReadOnlyFileStore {
-    /** Saves contents to the given path. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file. */
+    /**
+     * Saves contents to the given path. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file.
+     * Default: `compress` is false unless explicitly set.
+     */
     save(path: string, data: Buffer, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
-    /** Uploads contents from a local file. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file. */
+    /**
+     * Uploads contents from a local file. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file.
+     * Default: `compress` is true unless explicitly set to false.
+     */
     upload(destPath: string, srcPath: string, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
 }
 //# sourceMappingURL=interface.d.ts.map

package/dest/file-store/interface.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"interface.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/file-store/interface.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,mCAAmC;AACnC,MAAM,WAAW,iBAAiB;IAChC,iGAAiG;IACjG,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IACzC,wGAAwG;IACxG,QAAQ,CAAC,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;IAChE,8DAA8D;IAC9D,MAAM,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC,CAAC;CAC7C;AAED,MAAM,MAAM,oBAAoB,GAAG;IAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAC;IAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAA;CAAE,CAAC;AAE/G,yBAAyB;AACzB,MAAM,WAAW,SAAU,SAAQ,iBAAiB;IAClD,kGAAkG;IAClG,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,EAAE,oBAAoB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IAC/E,oGAAoG;IACpG,MAAM,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,EAAE,oBAAoB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;CACzF"}
+{"version":3,"file":"interface.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/file-store/interface.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,mCAAmC;AACnC,MAAM,WAAW,iBAAiB;IAChC,iGAAiG;IACjG,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IACzC,wGAAwG;IACxG,QAAQ,CAAC,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;IAChE,8DAA8D;IAC9D,MAAM,CAAC,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC,CAAC;CAC7C;AAED,MAAM,MAAM,oBAAoB,GAAG;IAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAC;IAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAA;CAAE,CAAC;AAE/G,yBAAyB;AACzB,MAAM,WAAW,SAAU,SAAQ,iBAAiB;IAClD;;;OAGG;IACH,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,EAAE,oBAAoB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;IAC/E;;;OAGG;IACH,MAAM,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,EAAE,oBAAoB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;CACzF"}

package/dest/file-store/s3.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { type Logger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import type { FileStore, FileStoreSaveOptions } from './interface.js';
+export declare class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
+    private readonly bucketName;
+    private readonly basePath;
+    private readonly log;
+    private readonly s3;
+    private readonly region;
+    private readonly endpoint?;
+    private readonly publicBaseUrl?;
+    constructor(bucketName: string, basePath: string, opts: {
+        endpoint?: string;
+        publicBaseUrl?: string;
+    }, log?: Logger);
+    save(path: string, data: Buffer, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
+    upload(destPath: string, srcPath: string, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
+    read(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<Buffer>;
+    download(pathOrUrlStr: string, destPath: string): Promise<void>;
+    exists(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<boolean>;
+    private extractUserMetadata;
+    private detectContentType;
+    private buildReturnedUrl;
+    private getBucketAndKey;
+    private getFullPath;
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=s3.d.ts.map

package/dest/file-store/s3.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"s3.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/file-store/s3.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,MAAM,EAAgB,MAAM,uBAAuB,CAAC;AAiBlE,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,oBAAoB,EAAE,MAAM,gBAAgB,CAAC;AAMtE,qBAAa,WAAY,YAAW,SAAS;IAOzC,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,UAAU;IAC3B,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,QAAQ;IAEzB,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,GAAG;IATtB,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,CAAW;IAC9B,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,MAAM,CAAS;IAChC,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,CAAS;IACnC,OAAO,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAS;gBAGrB,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,EAClB,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EACjC,IAAI,EAAE;QAAE,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;QAAC,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,MAAM,CAAA;KAAE,EAClC,GAAG,GAAE,MAA6C;IAiBxD,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,GAAE,oBAAyB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC;IAoBlF,MAAM,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,IAAI,GAAE,oBAAyB,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC;IA6D3F,IAAI,CAAC,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC;IAW3C,QAAQ,CAAC,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC;IAQ/D,MAAM,CAAC,YAAY,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,OAAO,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC;IAe3D,OAAO,CAAC,mBAAmB;IAQ3B,OAAO,CAAC,iBAAiB;IAsBzB,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB;IA0BxB,OAAO,CAAC,eAAe;IA2BvB,OAAO,CAAC,WAAW;CAKpB"}

package/dest/file-store/s3.js

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { GetObjectCommand, HeadObjectCommand, PutObjectCommand, S3Client } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+import { createReadStream, createWriteStream } from 'fs';
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, stat, unlink } from 'fs/promises';
+import { tmpdir } from 'os';
+import { basename, dirname, join } from 'path';
+import { finished } from 'stream/promises';
+import { createGzip } from 'zlib';
+function normalizeBasePath(path) {
+    return path?.replace(/^\/+|\/+$/g, '') ?? '';
+}
+export class S3FileStore {
+    bucketName;
+    basePath;
+    log;
+    s3;
+    region;
+    endpoint;
+    publicBaseUrl;
+    constructor(bucketName, basePath, opts, log = createLogger('stdlib:s3-file-store')){
+        this.bucketName = bucketName;
+        this.basePath = basePath;
+        this.log = log;
+        this.endpoint = opts.endpoint;
+        this.region = this.endpoint ? 'auto' : process.env.AWS_REGION ?? process.env.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION ?? 'us-east-1';
+        this.publicBaseUrl = opts.publicBaseUrl;
+        const clientOptions = {};
+        if (this.endpoint) {
+            clientOptions.region = 'auto';
+            clientOptions.endpoint = this.endpoint;
+            clientOptions.forcePathStyle = true;
+        } else {
+            clientOptions.region = this.region;
+        }
+        this.s3 = new S3Client(clientOptions);
+    }
+    async save(path, data, opts = {}) {
+        const key = this.getFullPath(path);
+        const shouldCompress = !!opts.compress;
+        const body = shouldCompress ? (await import('zlib')).gzipSync(data) : data;
+        const contentLength = body.length;
+        const contentType = this.detectContentType(key, shouldCompress);
+        const put = new PutObjectCommand({
+            Bucket: this.bucketName,
+            Key: key,
+            Body: body,
+            ContentType: contentType,
+            CacheControl: opts.metadata?.['Cache-control'],
+            Metadata: this.extractUserMetadata(opts.metadata),
+            ContentLength: contentLength
+        });
+        await this.s3.send(put);
+        return this.buildReturnedUrl(key, !!opts.public);
+    }
+    async upload(destPath, srcPath, opts = {}) {
+        const key = this.getFullPath(destPath);
+        const shouldCompress = opts.compress !== false; // default true like GCS impl
+        await mkdir(dirname(srcPath), {
+            recursive: true
+        }).catch(()=>undefined);
+        let contentLength;
+        let bodyPath = srcPath;
+        // We don't set Content-Encoding and we avoid SigV4 streaming (aws-chunked).
+        // With AWS SigV4 streaming uploads (Content-Encoding: aws-chunked[,gzip]), servers require
+        // x-amz-decoded-content-length (the size of the decoded payload) and an exact Content-Length
+        // that includes chunk metadata. For on-the-fly compression, providing
+        // those values without buffering or a pre-pass is impractical. Instead, we pre-gzip to a temp file
+        // to know ContentLength up-front and upload the gzipped bytes as-is, omitting Content-Encoding.
+        // Reference: AWS SigV4 streaming (chunked upload) requirements —
+        // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sigv4-streaming.html
+        if (shouldCompress) {
+            // Pre-gzip to a temp file so we know the exact length for R2/S3 headers
+            const tmpDir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 's3-upload-'));
+            const gzPath = join(tmpDir, `${basename(srcPath)}.gz`);
+            const source = createReadStream(srcPath);
+            const gz = createGzip();
+            const out = createWriteStream(gzPath);
+            try {
+                await finished(source.pipe(gz).pipe(out));
+                const st = await stat(gzPath);
+                contentLength = st.size;
+                bodyPath = gzPath;
+            } catch (err) {
+                // Ensure temp file is removed on failure
+                await unlink(gzPath).catch(()=>undefined);
+                throw err;
+            }
+        } else {
+            const st = await stat(srcPath);
+            contentLength = st.size;
+            bodyPath = srcPath;
+        }
+        const bodyStream = createReadStream(bodyPath);
+        const contentType = this.detectContentType(key, shouldCompress);
+        try {
+            const put = new PutObjectCommand({
+                Bucket: this.bucketName,
+                Key: key,
+                Body: bodyStream,
+                ContentType: contentType,
+                CacheControl: opts.metadata?.['Cache-control'],
+                Metadata: this.extractUserMetadata(opts.metadata),
+                // Explicitly set ContentLength so R2 can compute x-amz-decoded-content-length correctly
+                ContentLength: contentLength
+            });
+            await this.s3.send(put);
+        } finally{
+            if (shouldCompress && bodyPath !== srcPath) {
+                await unlink(bodyPath).catch(()=>undefined);
+            }
+        }
+        return this.buildReturnedUrl(key, !!opts.public);
+    }
+    async read(pathOrUrlStr) {
+        const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+        const out = await this.s3.send(new GetObjectCommand({
+            Bucket: bucket,
+            Key: key
+        }));
+        const stream = out.Body;
+        const chunks = [];
+        for await (const chunk of stream){
+            chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(chunk));
+        }
+        return Buffer.concat(chunks);
+    }
+    async download(pathOrUrlStr, destPath) {
+        const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+        const out = await this.s3.send(new GetObjectCommand({
+            Bucket: bucket,
+            Key: key
+        }));
+        await mkdir(dirname(destPath), {
+            recursive: true
+        });
+        const write = createWriteStream(destPath);
+        await finished(out.Body.pipe(write));
+    }
+    async exists(pathOrUrlStr) {
+        try {
+            const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+            await this.s3.send(new HeadObjectCommand({
+                Bucket: bucket,
+                Key: key
+            }));
+            return true;
+        } catch (err) {
+            const code = err?.$metadata?.httpStatusCode ?? err?.name ?? err?.Code;
+            if (code === 404 || code === 'NotFound' || code === 'NoSuchKey') {
+                return false;
+            }
+            this.log.warn(`Error checking existence for ${pathOrUrlStr}: ${err?.message ?? String(err)}`);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    extractUserMetadata(meta) {
+        if (!meta) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const { ['Cache-control']: _ignored, ...rest } = meta;
+        return Object.keys(rest).length ? rest : undefined;
+    }
+    detectContentType(key, isCompressed) {
+        // Basic content type inference
+        const lower = key.toLowerCase();
+        if (lower.endsWith('.json') || lower.endsWith('.json.gz')) {
+            return 'application/json';
+        }
+        if (lower.endsWith('.txt') || lower.endsWith('.log') || lower.endsWith('.csv') || lower.endsWith('.md')) {
+            return 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
+        }
+        if (lower.endsWith('.db') || lower.endsWith('.sqlite') || lower.endsWith('.bin')) {
+            return 'application/octet-stream';
+        }
+        if (lower.endsWith('.wasm') || lower.endsWith('.wasm.gz')) {
+            return 'application/wasm';
+        }
+        // If compressed, prefer octet-stream unless known
+        if (isCompressed) {
+            return 'application/octet-stream';
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    buildReturnedUrl(key, makePublic) {
+        if (!makePublic) {
+            return `s3://${this.bucketName}/${key}`;
+        }
+        if (this.publicBaseUrl) {
+            const base = this.publicBaseUrl.replace(/\/$/, '');
+            // key already includes basePath via getFullPath, so do not prefix basePath again
+            const full = key.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+            return `${base}/${full}`;
+        }
+        // Try to synthesize a URL from endpoint if available (works for public R2 buckets)
+        if (this.endpoint) {
+            try {
+                const url = new URL(this.endpoint);
+                return `https://${this.bucketName}.${url.host}/${key}`;
+            } catch  {
+            // fallthrough
+            }
+        }
+        // Fallback to AWS style URL if region looks valid
+        return `https://${this.bucketName}.s3.${this.region}.amazonaws.com/${key}`;
+    }
+    getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr) {
+        if (URL.canParse(pathOrUrlStr)) {
+            const url = new URL(pathOrUrlStr);
+            if (url.protocol === 's3:') {
+                return {
+                    bucket: url.host,
+                    key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '')
+                };
+            }
+            // For https URLs, try to infer virtual-hosted or path-style
+            if (url.protocol === 'https:' || url.protocol === 'http:') {
+                // If the URL matches the configured publicBaseUrl host, map back to our bucket and key
+                if (this.publicBaseUrl && url.host === new URL(this.publicBaseUrl).host) {
+                    return {
+                        bucket: this.bucketName,
+                        key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '')
+                    };
+                }
+                const hostParts = url.host.split('.');
+                if (hostParts.length > 3 && (hostParts[1] === 's3' || hostParts[hostParts.length - 2] === 'r2')) {
+                    // virtual hosted
+                    return {
+                        bucket: hostParts[0],
+                        key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '')
+                    };
+                } else if (this.endpoint && url.host === new URL(this.endpoint).host) {
+                    // path-style at custom endpoint
+                    const [bucket, ...rest] = url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '').split('/');
+                    return {
+                        bucket,
+                        key: rest.join('/')
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Treat as path
+        return {
+            bucket: this.bucketName,
+            key: this.getFullPath(pathOrUrlStr)
+        };
+    }
+    getFullPath(path) {
+        const base = normalizeBasePath(this.basePath);
+        const rel = path.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+        return base ? join(base, rel) : rel;
+    }
+}

package/dest/snapshots/download.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"download.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/snapshots/download.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAEA,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AAElE,OAAO,EACL,gBAAgB,EAChB,KAAK,gBAAgB,EACrB,KAAK,gBAAgB,EACrB,KAAK,cAAc,EACnB,KAAK,sBAAsB,EAE5B,MAAM,YAAY,CAAC;AAEpB,wBAAsB,gBAAgB,CACpC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,cAAc,GAAG,SAAS,CAAC,CAarC;AAED,wBAAsB,yBAAyB,CAC7C,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,GAAG,SAAS,CAAC,CAGvC;AAED,wBAAgB,WAAW,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,GAAG,MAAM,CAEpE;AAED,wBAAgB,oBAAoB,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,GAAG,MAAM,CAE7E;AAED,wBAAgB,iBAAiB,CAAC,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,gBAAgB,CAGnE;AAED,wBAAsB,gBAAgB,CACpC,QAAQ,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,UAAU,CAAC,EAC5C,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAEf"}
+{"version":3,"file":"download.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/snapshots/download.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAEA,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AAQlE,OAAO,EACL,gBAAgB,EAChB,KAAK,gBAAgB,EACrB,KAAK,gBAAgB,EACrB,KAAK,cAAc,EACnB,KAAK,sBAAsB,EAE5B,MAAM,YAAY,CAAC;AAEpB,wBAAsB,gBAAgB,CACpC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,cAAc,GAAG,SAAS,CAAC,CAcrC;AAED,wBAAsB,yBAAyB,CAC7C,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,GAAG,SAAS,CAAC,CAGvC;AAED,wBAAgB,WAAW,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,GAAG,MAAM,CAEpE;AAED,wBAAgB,oBAAoB,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,GAAG,MAAM,CAE7E;AAED,wBAAgB,iBAAiB,CAAC,OAAO,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,gBAAgB,CAGnE;AAoCD,wBAAsB,gBAAgB,CACpC,QAAQ,EAAE,IAAI,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,UAAU,CAAC,EAC5C,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,KAAK,EAAE,iBAAiB,GACvB,OAAO,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAyBf"}

package/dest/snapshots/download.js

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import { fromEntries, getEntries, maxBy } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { jsonParseWithSchema } from '@aztec/foundation/json-rpc';
+import { createReadStream, createWriteStream } from 'fs';
+import fs from 'fs/promises';
+import pathMod from 'path';
+import { pipeline } from 'stream/promises';
+import { createGunzip, gunzipSync } from 'zlib';
 import { SnapshotDataKeys, SnapshotsIndexSchema } from './types.js';
 export async function getSnapshotIndex(metadata, store) {
     const basePath = getBasePath(metadata);
@@ -7,7 +12,8 @@ export async function getSnapshotIndex(metadata, store) {
     try {
         if (await store.exists(snapshotIndexPath)) {
             const snapshotIndexData = await store.read(snapshotIndexPath);
-            return jsonParseWithSchema(snapshotIndexData.toString(), SnapshotsIndexSchema);
+            const buf = maybeGunzip(snapshotIndexData);
+            return jsonParseWithSchema(buf.toString('utf-8'), SnapshotsIndexSchema);
         } else {
             return undefined;
         }
@@ -32,6 +38,56 @@ export function makeSnapshotPaths(baseDir) {
             `${baseDir}/${key}.db`
         ]));
 }
+function isGzipMagic(data) {
+    return data.length >= 2 && data[0] === 0x1f && data[1] === 0x8b;
+}
+function maybeGunzip(data) {
+    const magicNumberIndicatesGzip = isGzipMagic(data);
+    if (magicNumberIndicatesGzip) {
+        try {
+            const out = gunzipSync(data);
+            return out;
+        } catch (err) {
+            throw new Error(`Decompression of gzipped data failed: ${err.message}`);
+        }
+    }
+    return data;
+}
+async function detectGzip(localFilePathToPeek) {
+    // Peek the actual bytes we downloaded.
+    try {
+        const fd = await fs.open(localFilePathToPeek, 'r');
+        try {
+            const header = Buffer.alloc(2);
+            const { bytesRead } = await fd.read(header, 0, 2, 0);
+            return bytesRead >= 2 && isGzipMagic(header);
+        } finally{
+            await fd.close();
+        }
+    } catch  {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
 export async function downloadSnapshot(snapshot, localPaths, store) {
-    await Promise.all(getEntries(localPaths).map(([key, path])=>store.download(snapshot.dataUrls[key], path)));
+    await Promise.all(getEntries(localPaths).map(async ([key, path])=>{
+        await fs.mkdir(pathMod.dirname(path), {
+            recursive: true
+        });
+        const tmpPath = `${path}.download`;
+        try {
+            const url = snapshot.dataUrls[key];
+            await store.download(url, tmpPath);
+            const isGzip = await detectGzip(tmpPath);
+            const read = createReadStream(tmpPath);
+            const write = createWriteStream(path);
+            if (isGzip) {
+                const gunzip = createGunzip();
+                await pipeline(read, gunzip, write);
+            } else {
+                await pipeline(read, write);
+            }
+        } finally{
+            await fs.unlink(tmpPath).catch(()=>undefined);
+        }
+    }));
 }

package/dest/snapshots/upload.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"upload.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/snapshots/upload.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAGA,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AAG1D,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAkB,sBAAsB,EAAE,MAAM,YAAY,CAAC;AAE7G,wBAAsB,kBAAkB,CACtC,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,cAAc,EAAE,gBAAgB,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,EAClD,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAChB,IAAI,GAAE;IAAE,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,GAAG,EAAE,gBAAgB,KAAK,MAAM,CAAC;IAAC,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAA;CAAO,GAC5E,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,CAsB3B;AAED,wBAAsB,qBAAqB,CACzC,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,cAAc,EAAE,gBAAgB,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,EAClD,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,GACf,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,CAU3B"}
+{"version":3,"file":"upload.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../src/snapshots/upload.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAGA,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AAG1D,OAAO,KAAK,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAE,gBAAgB,EAAkB,sBAAsB,EAAE,MAAM,YAAY,CAAC;AAE7G,wBAAsB,kBAAkB,CACtC,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,cAAc,EAAE,gBAAgB,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,EAClD,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,EAChB,IAAI,GAAE;IAAE,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,GAAG,EAAE,gBAAgB,KAAK,MAAM,CAAC;IAAC,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,OAAO,CAAA;CAAO,GAC5E,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,CAsB3B;AAED,wBAAsB,qBAAqB,CACzC,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,EAC5C,cAAc,EAAE,gBAAgB,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,EAClD,QAAQ,EAAE,sBAAsB,EAChC,KAAK,EAAE,SAAS,GACf,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAC,CAW3B"}

package/dest/snapshots/upload.js

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export async function uploadSnapshotToIndex(localPaths, schemaVersions, metadata
     snapshotsIndex.snapshots.unshift(newSnapshotMetadata);
     await store.save(getSnapshotIndexPath(metadata), Buffer.from(jsonStringify(snapshotsIndex, true)), {
         public: true,
+        compress: false,
         metadata: {
             ['Cache-control']: 'no-store'
         }

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@aztec/stdlib",
-  "version": "2.1.0-rc.1",
+  "version": "2.1.0-rc.2",
   "type": "module",
   "inherits": [
     "../package.common.json",
@@ -69,13 +69,14 @@
     "test": "NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1 node --experimental-vm-modules ../node_modules/.bin/jest --passWithNoTests --maxWorkers=${JEST_MAX_WORKERS:-8}"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@aztec/bb.js": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/blob-lib": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/constants": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/ethereum": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/foundation": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/l1-artifacts": "2.1.0-rc.1",
-    "@aztec/noir-noirc_abi": "2.1.0-rc.1",
+    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.892.0",
+    "@aztec/bb.js": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/blob-lib": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/constants": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/ethereum": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/foundation": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/l1-artifacts": "2.1.0-rc.2",
+    "@aztec/noir-noirc_abi": "2.1.0-rc.2",
     "@google-cloud/storage": "^7.15.0",
     "axios": "^1.12.0",
     "json-stringify-deterministic": "1.0.12",

package/src/epoch-helpers/index.ts

@@ -118,3 +118,11 @@ export function getProofSubmissionDeadlineTimestamp(
   const [deadlineSlot] = getSlotRangeForEpoch(deadlineEpoch, constants);
   return getTimestampForSlot(deadlineSlot, constants);
 }
+
+/** Returns the timestamp to start building a block for a given L2 slot. Computed as the start timestamp of the slot minus one L1 slot duration. */
+export function getSlotStartBuildTimestamp(
+  slotNumber: number | bigint,
+  constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'ethereumSlotDuration'>,
+): number {
+  return Number(constants.l1GenesisTime) + Number(slotNumber) * constants.slotDuration - constants.ethereumSlotDuration;
+}

package/src/file-store/factory.ts

@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ import { GoogleCloudFileStore } from './gcs.js';
 import { HttpFileStore } from './http.js';
 import type { FileStore, ReadOnlyFileStore } from './interface.js';
 import { LocalFileStore } from './local.js';
+import { S3FileStore } from './s3.js';
 
 const supportedExamples = [
   `gs://bucket-name/path/to/store`,
+  `s3://bucket-name/path/to/store`,
   `file:///absolute/local/path/to/store`,
   `https://host/path`,
 ];
@@ -39,6 +41,19 @@ export async function createFileStore(
     } catch {
       throw new Error(`Invalid google cloud store definition: '${config}'.`);
     }
+  } else if (config.startsWith('s3://')) {
+    try {
+      const url = new URL(config);
+      const bucket = url.host;
+      const path = url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+      const endpoint = url.searchParams.get('endpoint');
+      const publicBaseUrl = url.searchParams.get('publicBaseUrl') ?? undefined;
+      logger.info(`Creating S3 file store at ${bucket} ${path}`);
+      const store = new S3FileStore(bucket, path, { endpoint: endpoint ?? undefined, publicBaseUrl });
+      return store;
+    } catch {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid S3 store definition: '${config}'.`);
+    }
   } else {
     throw new Error(`Unknown file store config: '${config}'. Supported values are ${supportedExamples.join(', ')}.`);
   }

package/src/file-store/interface.ts

@@ -12,8 +12,14 @@ export type FileStoreSaveOptions = { public?: boolean; metadata?: Record<string,
 
 /** Simple file store. */
 export interface FileStore extends ReadOnlyFileStore {
-  /** Saves contents to the given path. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file. */
+  /**
+   * Saves contents to the given path. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file.
+   * Default: `compress` is false unless explicitly set.
+   */
   save(path: string, data: Buffer, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
-  /** Uploads contents from a local file. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file. */
+  /**
+   * Uploads contents from a local file. Returns an URI that can be used later to `read` the file.
+   * Default: `compress` is true unless explicitly set to false.
+   */
   upload(destPath: string, srcPath: string, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string>;
 }

package/src/file-store/s3.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+
+import {
+  GetObjectCommand,
+  type GetObjectCommandOutput,
+  HeadObjectCommand,
+  PutObjectCommand,
+  S3Client,
+} from '@aws-sdk/client-s3';
+import { createReadStream, createWriteStream } from 'fs';
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, stat, unlink } from 'fs/promises';
+import { tmpdir } from 'os';
+import { basename, dirname, join } from 'path';
+import { Readable } from 'stream';
+import { finished } from 'stream/promises';
+import { createGzip } from 'zlib';
+
+import type { FileStore, FileStoreSaveOptions } from './interface.js';
+
+function normalizeBasePath(path: string): string {
+  return path?.replace(/^\/+|\/+$/g, '') ?? '';
+}
+
+export class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
+  private readonly s3: S3Client;
+  private readonly region: string;
+  private readonly endpoint?: string;
+  private readonly publicBaseUrl?: string;
+
+  constructor(
+    private readonly bucketName: string,
+    private readonly basePath: string,
+    opts: { endpoint?: string; publicBaseUrl?: string },
+    private readonly log: Logger = createLogger('stdlib:s3-file-store'),
+  ) {
+    this.endpoint = opts.endpoint;
+    this.region = this.endpoint ? 'auto' : (process.env.AWS_REGION ?? process.env.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION ?? 'us-east-1');
+    this.publicBaseUrl = opts.publicBaseUrl;
+
+    const clientOptions: any = {};
+    if (this.endpoint) {
+      clientOptions.region = 'auto';
+      clientOptions.endpoint = this.endpoint;
+      clientOptions.forcePathStyle = true;
+    } else {
+      clientOptions.region = this.region;
+    }
+    this.s3 = new S3Client(clientOptions);
+  }
+
+  public async save(path: string, data: Buffer, opts: FileStoreSaveOptions = {}): Promise<string> {
+    const key = this.getFullPath(path);
+    const shouldCompress = !!opts.compress;
+
+    const body = shouldCompress ? (await import('zlib')).gzipSync(data) : data;
+    const contentLength = body.length;
+    const contentType = this.detectContentType(key, shouldCompress);
+    const put = new PutObjectCommand({
+      Bucket: this.bucketName,
+      Key: key,
+      Body: body,
+      ContentType: contentType,
+      CacheControl: opts.metadata?.['Cache-control'],
+      Metadata: this.extractUserMetadata(opts.metadata),
+      ContentLength: contentLength,
+    });
+    await this.s3.send(put);
+    return this.buildReturnedUrl(key, !!opts.public);
+  }
+
+  public async upload(destPath: string, srcPath: string, opts: FileStoreSaveOptions = {}): Promise<string> {
+    const key = this.getFullPath(destPath);
+    const shouldCompress = opts.compress !== false; // default true like GCS impl
+
+    await mkdir(dirname(srcPath), { recursive: true }).catch(() => undefined);
+    let contentLength: number | undefined;
+    let bodyPath = srcPath;
+
+    // We don't set Content-Encoding and we avoid SigV4 streaming (aws-chunked).
+    // With AWS SigV4 streaming uploads (Content-Encoding: aws-chunked[,gzip]), servers require
+    // x-amz-decoded-content-length (the size of the decoded payload) and an exact Content-Length
+    // that includes chunk metadata. For on-the-fly compression, providing
+    // those values without buffering or a pre-pass is impractical. Instead, we pre-gzip to a temp file
+    // to know ContentLength up-front and upload the gzipped bytes as-is, omitting Content-Encoding.
+    // Reference: AWS SigV4 streaming (chunked upload) requirements —
+    // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sigv4-streaming.html
+    if (shouldCompress) {
+      // Pre-gzip to a temp file so we know the exact length for R2/S3 headers
+      const tmpDir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 's3-upload-'));
+      const gzPath = join(tmpDir, `${basename(srcPath)}.gz`);
+      const source = createReadStream(srcPath);
+      const gz = createGzip();
+      const out = createWriteStream(gzPath);
+      try {
+        await finished(source.pipe(gz).pipe(out));
+        const st = await stat(gzPath);
+        contentLength = st.size;
+        bodyPath = gzPath;
+      } catch (err) {
+        // Ensure temp file is removed on failure
+        await unlink(gzPath).catch(() => undefined);
+        throw err;
+      }
+    } else {
+      const st = await stat(srcPath);
+      contentLength = st.size;
+      bodyPath = srcPath;
+    }
+
+    const bodyStream = createReadStream(bodyPath);
+    const contentType = this.detectContentType(key, shouldCompress);
+    try {
+      const put = new PutObjectCommand({
+        Bucket: this.bucketName,
+        Key: key,
+        Body: bodyStream as any,
+        ContentType: contentType,
+        CacheControl: opts.metadata?.['Cache-control'],
+        Metadata: this.extractUserMetadata(opts.metadata),
+        // Explicitly set ContentLength so R2 can compute x-amz-decoded-content-length correctly
+        ContentLength: contentLength,
+      } as any);
+      await this.s3.send(put);
+    } finally {
+      if (shouldCompress && bodyPath !== srcPath) {
+        await unlink(bodyPath).catch(() => undefined);
+      }
+    }
+    return this.buildReturnedUrl(key, !!opts.public);
+  }
+
+  public async read(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<Buffer> {
+    const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+    const out: GetObjectCommandOutput = await this.s3.send(new GetObjectCommand({ Bucket: bucket, Key: key }));
+    const stream = out.Body as Readable;
+    const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+    for await (const chunk of stream) {
+      chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(chunk));
+    }
+    return Buffer.concat(chunks);
+  }
+
+  public async download(pathOrUrlStr: string, destPath: string): Promise<void> {
+    const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+    const out: GetObjectCommandOutput = await this.s3.send(new GetObjectCommand({ Bucket: bucket, Key: key }));
+    await mkdir(dirname(destPath), { recursive: true });
+    const write = createWriteStream(destPath);
+    await finished((out.Body as Readable).pipe(write));
+  }
+
+  public async exists(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<boolean> {
+    try {
+      const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
+      await this.s3.send(new HeadObjectCommand({ Bucket: bucket, Key: key }));
+      return true;
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      const code = err?.$metadata?.httpStatusCode ?? err?.name ?? err?.Code;
+      if (code === 404 || code === 'NotFound' || code === 'NoSuchKey') {
+        return false;
+      }
+      this.log.warn(`Error checking existence for ${pathOrUrlStr}: ${err?.message ?? String(err)}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private extractUserMetadata(meta?: Record<string, string>): Record<string, string> | undefined {
+    if (!meta) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    const { ['Cache-control']: _ignored, ...rest } = meta;
+    return Object.keys(rest).length ? rest : undefined;
+  }
+
+  private detectContentType(key: string, isCompressed: boolean | undefined): string | undefined {
+    // Basic content type inference
+    const lower = key.toLowerCase();
+    if (lower.endsWith('.json') || lower.endsWith('.json.gz')) {
+      return 'application/json';
+    }
+    if (lower.endsWith('.txt') || lower.endsWith('.log') || lower.endsWith('.csv') || lower.endsWith('.md')) {
+      return 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
+    }
+    if (lower.endsWith('.db') || lower.endsWith('.sqlite') || lower.endsWith('.bin')) {
+      return 'application/octet-stream';
+    }
+    if (lower.endsWith('.wasm') || lower.endsWith('.wasm.gz')) {
+      return 'application/wasm';
+    }
+    // If compressed, prefer octet-stream unless known
+    if (isCompressed) {
+      return 'application/octet-stream';
+    }
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  private buildReturnedUrl(key: string, makePublic: boolean): string {
+    if (!makePublic) {
+      return `s3://${this.bucketName}/${key}`;
+    }
+
+    if (this.publicBaseUrl) {
+      const base = this.publicBaseUrl.replace(/\/$/, '');
+      // key already includes basePath via getFullPath, so do not prefix basePath again
+      const full = key.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+      return `${base}/${full}`;
+    }
+
+    // Try to synthesize a URL from endpoint if available (works for public R2 buckets)
+    if (this.endpoint) {
+      try {
+        const url = new URL(this.endpoint);
+        return `https://${this.bucketName}.${url.host}/${key}`;
+      } catch {
+        // fallthrough
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Fallback to AWS style URL if region looks valid
+    return `https://${this.bucketName}.s3.${this.region}.amazonaws.com/${key}`;
+  }
+
+  private getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr: string): { bucket: string; key: string } {
+    if (URL.canParse(pathOrUrlStr)) {
+      const url = new URL(pathOrUrlStr);
+      if (url.protocol === 's3:') {
+        return { bucket: url.host, key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '') };
+      }
+      // For https URLs, try to infer virtual-hosted or path-style
+      if (url.protocol === 'https:' || url.protocol === 'http:') {
+        // If the URL matches the configured publicBaseUrl host, map back to our bucket and key
+        if (this.publicBaseUrl && url.host === new URL(this.publicBaseUrl).host) {
+          return { bucket: this.bucketName, key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '') };
+        }
+        const hostParts = url.host.split('.');
+        if (hostParts.length > 3 && (hostParts[1] === 's3' || hostParts[hostParts.length - 2] === 'r2')) {
+          // virtual hosted
+          return { bucket: hostParts[0], key: url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '') };
+        } else if (this.endpoint && url.host === new URL(this.endpoint).host) {
+          // path-style at custom endpoint
+          const [bucket, ...rest] = url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '').split('/');
+          return { bucket, key: rest.join('/') };
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // Treat as path
+    return { bucket: this.bucketName, key: this.getFullPath(pathOrUrlStr) };
+  }
+
+  private getFullPath(path: string): string {
+    const base = normalizeBasePath(this.basePath);
+    const rel = path.replace(/^\/+/, '');
+    return base ? join(base, rel) : rel;
+  }
+}

package/src/snapshots/download.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@ import { fromEntries, getEntries, maxBy } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { jsonParseWithSchema } from '@aztec/foundation/json-rpc';
 import type { ReadOnlyFileStore } from '@aztec/stdlib/file-store';
 
+import { createReadStream, createWriteStream } from 'fs';
+import fs from 'fs/promises';
+import pathMod from 'path';
+import { pipeline } from 'stream/promises';
+import { createGunzip, gunzipSync } from 'zlib';
+
 import {
   SnapshotDataKeys,
   type SnapshotDataUrls,
@@ -20,7 +26,8 @@ export async function getSnapshotIndex(
   try {
     if (await store.exists(snapshotIndexPath)) {
       const snapshotIndexData = await store.read(snapshotIndexPath);
-      return jsonParseWithSchema(snapshotIndexData.toString(), SnapshotsIndexSchema);
+      const buf = maybeGunzip(snapshotIndexData);
+      return jsonParseWithSchema(buf.toString('utf-8'), SnapshotsIndexSchema);
     } else {
       return undefined;
     }
@@ -50,10 +57,67 @@ export function makeSnapshotPaths(baseDir: string): SnapshotDataUrls {
   return fromEntries(SnapshotDataKeys.map(key => [key, `${baseDir}/${key}.db`]));
 }
 
+function isGzipMagic(data: Buffer): boolean {
+  return data.length >= 2 && data[0] === 0x1f && data[1] === 0x8b;
+}
+
+function maybeGunzip(data: Buffer): Buffer {
+  const magicNumberIndicatesGzip = isGzipMagic(data);
+
+  if (magicNumberIndicatesGzip) {
+    try {
+      const out = gunzipSync(data);
+      return out;
+    } catch (err) {
+      throw new Error(`Decompression of gzipped data failed: ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    }
+  }
+  return data;
+}
+
+async function detectGzip(localFilePathToPeek: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  // Peek the actual bytes we downloaded.
+  try {
+    const fd = await fs.open(localFilePathToPeek, 'r');
+    try {
+      const header = Buffer.alloc(2);
+      const { bytesRead } = await fd.read(header, 0, 2, 0);
+      return bytesRead >= 2 && isGzipMagic(header);
+    } finally {
+      await fd.close();
+    }
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
 export async function downloadSnapshot(
   snapshot: Pick<SnapshotMetadata, 'dataUrls'>,
   localPaths: Record<SnapshotDataKeys, string>,
   store: ReadOnlyFileStore,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await Promise.all(getEntries(localPaths).map(([key, path]) => store.download(snapshot.dataUrls[key], path)));
+  await Promise.all(
+    getEntries(localPaths).map(async ([key, path]) => {
+      await fs.mkdir(pathMod.dirname(path), { recursive: true });
+
+      const tmpPath = `${path}.download`;
+      try {
+        const url = snapshot.dataUrls[key];
+        await store.download(url, tmpPath);
+
+        const isGzip = await detectGzip(tmpPath);
+
+        const read = createReadStream(tmpPath);
+        const write = createWriteStream(path);
+        if (isGzip) {
+          const gunzip = createGunzip();
+          await pipeline(read, gunzip, write);
+        } else {
+          await pipeline(read, write);
+        }
+      } finally {
+        await fs.unlink(tmpPath).catch(() => undefined);
+      }
+    }),
+  );
 }

package/src/snapshots/upload.ts

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ export async function uploadSnapshotToIndex(
 
   await store.save(getSnapshotIndexPath(metadata), Buffer.from(jsonStringify(snapshotsIndex, true)), {
     public: true, // Make the index publicly accessible
+    compress: false, // Ensure index.json is not gzipped
     metadata: { ['Cache-control']: 'no-store' }, // Do not cache object versions
   });
   return newSnapshotMetadata;