@aztec/stdlib 0.0.1-commit.b1c78909e → 0.0.1-commit.b2a5d0dd1

package/src/slashing/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 export * from './types.js';
 export * from './interfaces.js';
 export * from './helpers.js';
-export * from './empire.js';
-export * from './tally.js';
+export * from './votes.js';
 export * from './serialization.js';

package/src/slashing/serialization.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-import { times } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
 import { BufferReader, bigintToUInt64BE, bigintToUInt128BE, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 
-import type {
-  Offense,
-  OffenseType,
-  SlashPayload,
-  SlashPayloadRound,
-  ValidatorSlash,
-  ValidatorSlashOffense,
-} from './types.js';
+import type { Offense, OffenseType } from './types.js';
 
 export function serializeOffense(offense: Offense): Buffer {
   return serializeToBuffer(
@@ -29,75 +21,3 @@ export function deserializeOffense(buffer: Buffer): Offense {
 
   return { validator, amount, offenseType: offense, epochOrSlot };
 }
-
-function serializeValidatorSlashOffense(offense: ValidatorSlashOffense): Buffer {
-  return serializeToBuffer(bigintToUInt64BE(offense.epochOrSlot), offense.offenseType);
-}
-
-function deserializeValidatorSlashOffense(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): ValidatorSlashOffense {
-  const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
-  return {
-    epochOrSlot: reader.readUInt64(),
-    offenseType: reader.readNumber() as OffenseType,
-  };
-}
-
-function serializeValidatorSlash(slash: ValidatorSlash): Buffer {
-  return serializeToBuffer(
-    slash.validator,
-    bigintToUInt128BE(slash.amount),
-    slash.offenses.length,
-    slash.offenses.map(serializeValidatorSlashOffense),
-  );
-}
-
-function deserializeValidatorSlash(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): ValidatorSlash {
-  const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
-  const validator = reader.readObject(EthAddress);
-  const amount = reader.readUInt128();
-  const offensesCount = reader.readNumber();
-  const offenses = times(offensesCount, () => deserializeValidatorSlashOffense(reader));
-
-  return { validator, amount, offenses };
-}
-
-export function serializeSlashPayload(payload: SlashPayload): Buffer {
-  return serializeToBuffer(
-    payload.address,
-    payload.slashes.length,
-    payload.slashes.map(serializeValidatorSlash),
-    bigintToUInt64BE(payload.timestamp),
-  );
-}
-
-export function deserializeSlashPayload(buffer: Buffer): SlashPayload {
-  const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
-  const address = reader.readObject(EthAddress);
-  const slashesCount = reader.readNumber();
-  const slashes = times(slashesCount, () => deserializeValidatorSlash(reader));
-  const timestamp = reader.readUInt64();
-  return { address, slashes, timestamp };
-}
-
-export function serializeSlashPayloadRound(payload: SlashPayloadRound): Buffer {
-  return serializeToBuffer(
-    payload.address,
-    payload.slashes.length,
-    payload.slashes.map(serializeValidatorSlash),
-    bigintToUInt64BE(payload.timestamp),
-    Number(payload.votes),
-    bigintToUInt64BE(payload.round),
-  );
-}
-
-export function deserializeSlashPayloadRound(buffer: Buffer): SlashPayloadRound {
-  const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
-  const address = reader.readObject(EthAddress);
-  const slashesCount = reader.readNumber();
-  const slashes = times(slashesCount, () => deserializeValidatorSlash(reader));
-  const timestamp = reader.readUInt64();
-  const votes = BigInt(reader.readNumber());
-  const round = reader.readUInt64();
-
-  return { address, slashes, timestamp, votes, round };
-}

package/src/slashing/types.ts

@@ -126,45 +126,13 @@ export type ValidatorSlash = {
   offenses: ValidatorSlashOffense[];
 };
 
-/** Slash payload as published by the empire slash proposer */
-export type SlashPayload = {
-  address: EthAddress;
-  slashes: ValidatorSlash[];
-  timestamp: bigint;
-};
-
-/** Slash payload with round information from empire slash proposer */
-export type SlashPayloadRound = SlashPayload & { votes: bigint; round: bigint };
-
-export const SlashPayloadRoundSchema = zodFor<SlashPayloadRound>()(
-  z.object({
-    address: schemas.EthAddress,
-    timestamp: schemas.BigInt,
-    votes: schemas.BigInt,
-    round: schemas.BigInt,
-    slashes: z.array(
-      z.object({
-        validator: schemas.EthAddress,
-        amount: schemas.BigInt,
-        offenses: z.array(z.object({ offenseType: OffenseTypeSchema, epochOrSlot: schemas.BigInt })),
-      }),
-    ),
-  }),
-);
-
-/** Votes for a validator slash in the consensus slash proposer */
+/** Votes for a validator slash in the slashing proposer */
 export type ValidatorSlashVote = number;
 
 export type ProposerSlashAction =
-  /** Create a new slash payload on an empire-based slash proposer */
-  | { type: 'create-empire-payload'; data: ValidatorSlash[] }
-  /** Vote for a slashing payload on an empire-based slash proposer */
-  | { type: 'vote-empire-payload'; payload: EthAddress }
-  /** Execute a slashing payload on an empire-based slash proposer */
-  | { type: 'execute-empire-payload'; round: bigint }
-  /** Vote for offenses on a consensus slashing proposer */
+  /** Vote for offenses on the slashing proposer */
   | { type: 'vote-offenses'; votes: ValidatorSlashVote[]; committees: EthAddress[][]; round: bigint }
-  /** Execute a slashing round on a consensus slashing proposer */
+  /** Execute a slashing round on the slashing proposer */
   | { type: 'execute-slash'; committees: EthAddress[][]; round: bigint };
 
 export type ProposerSlashActionType = ProposerSlashAction['type'];

package/src/slashing/{tally.ts → votes.ts}

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export function getSlashConsensusVotesFromOffenses(
     targetCommitteeSize: number;
     maxSlashedValidators?: number;
   },
-  logger: Logger = createLogger('slasher:tally'),
+  logger: Logger = createLogger('slasher:votes'),
 ): ValidatorSlashVote[] {
   const { slashingAmounts, targetCommitteeSize, maxSlashedValidators } = settings;
 

package/src/tests/factories.ts

@@ -92,10 +92,8 @@ import {
   type ContractClassPublic,
   ContractDeploymentData,
   type ContractInstanceWithAddress,
-  type ExecutablePrivateFunctionWithMembershipProof,
   type PrivateFunction,
   SerializableContractInstance,
-  type UtilityFunctionWithMembershipProof,
   computeContractClassId,
   computePublicBytecodeCommitment,
 } from '../contract/index.js';
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ import { TxHash } from '../tx/tx_hash.js';
 import { TxRequest } from '../tx/tx_request.js';
 import { Vector } from '../types/index.js';
 import { VkData } from '../vks/index.js';
-import { VerificationKey, VerificationKeyAsFields, VerificationKeyData } from '../vks/verification_key.js';
+import { VerificationKeyAsFields, VerificationKeyData } from '../vks/verification_key.js';
 
 /**
  * Creates an arbitrary side effect object with the given seed.
@@ -234,7 +232,7 @@ export function makeTxContext(seed: number = 1): TxContext {
  * Creates a default instance of gas settings. No seed value is used to ensure we allocate a sensible amount of gas for testing.
  */
 export function makeGasSettings() {
-  return GasSettings.default({ maxFeesPerGas: new GasFees(10, 10) });
+  return GasSettings.fallback({ maxFeesPerGas: new GasFees(10, 10) });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -575,14 +573,6 @@ export function makeVerificationKeyAsFields(size: number): VerificationKeyAsFiel
   return VerificationKeyAsFields.makeFake(size);
 }
 
-/**
- * Creates arbitrary/mocked verification key.
- * @returns A verification key object
- */
-export function makeVerificationKey(): VerificationKey {
-  return VerificationKey.makeFake();
-}
-
 /**
  * Creates an arbitrary point in a curve.
  * @param seed - Seed to generate the point values.
@@ -1183,35 +1173,6 @@ export function makePublicTxBaseRollupPrivateInputs(seed = 0) {
   });
 }
 
-export function makeExecutablePrivateFunctionWithMembershipProof(
-  seed = 0,
-): ExecutablePrivateFunctionWithMembershipProof {
-  return {
-    selector: makeSelector(seed),
-    bytecode: makeBytes(100, seed + 1),
-    artifactTreeSiblingPath: makeTuple(3, fr, seed + 2),
-    artifactTreeLeafIndex: seed + 2,
-    privateFunctionTreeSiblingPath: makeTuple(3, fr, seed + 3),
-    privateFunctionTreeLeafIndex: seed + 3,
-    artifactMetadataHash: fr(seed + 4),
-    functionMetadataHash: fr(seed + 5),
-    utilityFunctionsTreeRoot: fr(seed + 6),
-    vkHash: fr(seed + 7),
-  };
-}
-
-export function makeUtilityFunctionWithMembershipProof(seed = 0): UtilityFunctionWithMembershipProof {
-  return {
-    selector: makeSelector(seed),
-    bytecode: makeBytes(100, seed + 1),
-    artifactTreeSiblingPath: makeTuple(3, fr, seed + 2),
-    artifactTreeLeafIndex: seed + 2,
-    artifactMetadataHash: fr(seed + 4),
-    functionMetadataHash: fr(seed + 5),
-    privateFunctionsArtifactTreeRoot: fr(seed + 6),
-  };
-}
-
 export async function makeContractClassPublic(seed = 0, publicBytecode?: Buffer): Promise<ContractClassPublic> {
   const artifactHash = fr(seed + 1);
   const privateFunctionsRoot = fr(seed + 3);
@@ -1223,8 +1184,6 @@ export async function makeContractClassPublic(seed = 0, publicBytecode?: Buffer)
     artifactHash,
     packedBytecode,
     privateFunctionsRoot,
-    privateFunctions: [],
-    utilityFunctions: [],
     version: 1,
   };
 }
@@ -1748,6 +1707,10 @@ export function makeL2Tips(
       block: { number: bn, hash },
       checkpoint: { number: cpn, hash: cph },
     },
+    proposedCheckpoint: {
+      block: { number: bn, hash },
+      checkpoint: { number: cpn, hash: cph },
+    },
     proven: {
       block: { number: bn, hash },
       checkpoint: { number: cpn, hash: cph },

package/src/tests/mocks.ts

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ export const mockTx = async (
   const data = PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs.empty();
   const firstNullifier = new Nullifier(new Fr(seed + 1), Fr.ZERO, 0);
   data.constants.anchorBlockHeader = anchorBlockHeader;
-  data.constants.txContext.gasSettings = GasSettings.default({ gasLimits, maxFeesPerGas, maxPriorityFeesPerGas });
+  data.constants.txContext.gasSettings = GasSettings.fallback({ gasLimits, maxFeesPerGas, maxPriorityFeesPerGas });
   data.feePayer = feePayer ?? (await AztecAddress.random());
   data.gasUsed = gasUsed;
   data.constants.txContext.chainId = chainId;
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ export async function mockProcessedTx({
   db,
   chainId = Fr.ZERO,
   version = Fr.ZERO,
-  gasSettings = GasSettings.default({ maxFeesPerGas: new GasFees(10, 10) }),
+  gasSettings = GasSettings.fallback({ maxFeesPerGas: new GasFees(10, 10) }),
   vkTreeRoot = Fr.ZERO,
   protocolContracts = makeProtocolContracts(seed + 0x100),
   globalVariables = GlobalVariables.empty(),
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ export const makeBlockProposal = (options?: MakeBlockProposalOptions): Promise<B
 
   return BlockProposal.createProposalFromSigner(
     blockHeader,
+    CheckpointNumber(1),
     indexWithinCheckpoint,
     inHash,
     archiveRoot,
@@ -596,28 +597,31 @@ export const makeBlockProposal = (options?: MakeBlockProposalOptions): Promise<B
   );
 };
 
-export const makeCheckpointProposal = (options?: MakeCheckpointProposalOptions): Promise<CheckpointProposal> => {
-  const blockHeader = options?.lastBlock?.blockHeader ?? makeBlockHeader(1);
+export const makeCheckpointProposal = async (options?: MakeCheckpointProposalOptions): Promise<CheckpointProposal> => {
   const checkpointHeader = options?.checkpointHeader ?? makeCheckpointHeader(1);
   const archiveRoot = options?.archiveRoot ?? Fr.random();
   const feeAssetPriceModifier = options?.feeAssetPriceModifier ?? 0n;
   const signer = options?.signer ?? Secp256k1Signer.random();
 
-  // Build lastBlock info if provided
-  const lastBlockInfo = options?.lastBlock
-    ? {
-        blockHeader,
-        indexWithinCheckpoint: options.lastBlock.indexWithinCheckpoint ?? IndexWithinCheckpoint(4), // Last block in a 5-block checkpoint
-        txHashes: options.lastBlock.txHashes ?? [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map(() => TxHash.random()),
+  // Build a signed block proposal if lastBlock options are provided
+  const lastBlockProposal = options?.lastBlock
+    ? await makeBlockProposal({
+        blockHeader: options.lastBlock.blockHeader,
+        indexWithinCheckpoint: options.lastBlock.indexWithinCheckpoint ?? IndexWithinCheckpoint(4),
+        inHash: checkpointHeader.inHash,
+        archiveRoot,
+        txHashes: options.lastBlock.txHashes,
         txs: options.lastBlock.txs,
-      }
+        signer,
+      })
     : undefined;
 
   return CheckpointProposal.createProposalFromSigner(
     checkpointHeader,
     archiveRoot,
+    CheckpointNumber(1),
     feeAssetPriceModifier,
-    lastBlockInfo,
+    lastBlockProposal,
     payload => Promise.resolve(signer.signMessage(payload)),
   );
 };

package/src/timetable/index.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,219 @@ export const DEFAULT_L1_PUBLISHING_TIME = 12;
 /** Minimum execution time for building a block in seconds */
 export const MIN_EXECUTION_TIME = 2;
 
+export type CheckpointTimingConfig = {
+  aztecSlotDuration: number;
+  ethereumSlotDuration?: number;
+  blockDuration?: number;
+  checkpointAssembleTime?: number;
+  checkpointInitializationTime?: number;
+  l1PublishingTime?: number;
+  minExecutionTime?: number;
+  p2pPropagationTime?: number;
+  pipelining?: boolean;
+};
+
+export interface CheckpointTiming {
+  readonly aztecSlotDuration: number;
+  readonly blockDuration: number | undefined;
+  readonly checkpointAssembleTime: number;
+  readonly checkpointInitializationTime: number;
+  readonly l1PublishingTime: number;
+  readonly minExecutionTime: number;
+  readonly p2pPropagationTime: number;
+  readonly checkpointFinalizationTime: number;
+  readonly pipeliningAttestationGracePeriod: number;
+  readonly timeReservedAtEnd: number;
+  readonly minimumBuildSlotWork: number;
+  readonly initializeDeadline: number;
+  readonly checkpointAssemblyDeadline: number;
+  readonly checkpointAttestationStartDeadline: number;
+  readonly checkpointAttestationDeadline: number;
+  readonly checkpointPublishingDeadline: number;
+
+  calculateMaxBlocksPerSlot(): number;
+}
+
+export interface PipelinedCheckpointTiming extends CheckpointTiming {
+  readonly proposalWindowIntoTargetSlot: number;
+  readonly attestationWindowIntoTargetSlot: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shared base for checkpoint timing implementations.
+ *
+ * This class owns the common inputs and formulas used by both pipelined and
+ * non-pipelined scheduling. Variant-specific deadline math is delegated to the
+ * concrete subclasses below.
+ */
+abstract class BaseCheckpointTiming implements CheckpointTiming {
+  public readonly aztecSlotDuration: number;
+  public readonly blockDuration: number | undefined;
+  public readonly checkpointAssembleTime: number;
+  public readonly checkpointInitializationTime: number;
+  public readonly l1PublishingTime: number;
+  public readonly minExecutionTime: number;
+  public readonly p2pPropagationTime: number;
+
+  constructor(opts: CheckpointTimingConfig) {
+    this.aztecSlotDuration = opts.aztecSlotDuration;
+    this.blockDuration = opts.blockDuration;
+
+    this.checkpointAssembleTime = opts.checkpointAssembleTime ?? CHECKPOINT_ASSEMBLE_TIME;
+    this.checkpointInitializationTime = opts.checkpointInitializationTime ?? CHECKPOINT_INITIALIZATION_TIME;
+    this.l1PublishingTime = opts.l1PublishingTime ?? DEFAULT_L1_PUBLISHING_TIME;
+    this.minExecutionTime = opts.minExecutionTime ?? MIN_EXECUTION_TIME;
+    this.p2pPropagationTime = opts.p2pPropagationTime ?? DEFAULT_P2P_PROPAGATION_TIME;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointFinalizationTime(): number {
+    // Allow enough time to
+    // - build the checkpoint
+    // - Round-trip over p2p
+    // - Publish to L1
+    return this.checkpointAssembleTime + this.p2pPropagationTime * 2 + this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+
+  public get pipeliningAttestationGracePeriod(): number {
+    // Allow enough time to
+    // - build the block
+    // - pass it back over p2p
+    return (this.blockDuration ?? 0) + this.p2pPropagationTime;
+  }
+
+  public abstract get timeReservedAtEnd(): number;
+  public abstract get minimumBuildSlotWork(): number;
+
+  public get initializeDeadline(): number {
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration - this.minimumBuildSlotWork;
+  }
+
+  public abstract get checkpointAssemblyDeadline(): number;
+
+  public get checkpointAttestationStartDeadline(): number {
+    return this.checkpointAssemblyDeadline;
+  }
+
+  public abstract get checkpointAttestationDeadline(): number;
+  public abstract get checkpointPublishingDeadline(): number;
+
+  public calculateMaxBlocksPerSlot(): number {
+    if (!this.blockDuration) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+
+    const timeAvailableForBlocks = this.aztecSlotDuration - this.checkpointInitializationTime - this.timeReservedAtEnd;
+    return Math.floor(timeAvailableForBlocks / this.blockDuration);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checkpoint timing model for the non-pipelined sequencer flow.
+ *
+ * In this mode, checkpoint assembly, attestation collection, and L1 publishing
+ * must all complete within the current Aztec slot.
+ */
+class StandardCheckpointTimingModel extends BaseCheckpointTiming {
+  public get timeReservedAtEnd(): number {
+    return (this.blockDuration ?? 0) + this.checkpointFinalizationTime;
+  }
+
+  public get minimumBuildSlotWork(): number {
+    return this.checkpointInitializationTime + this.minExecutionTime * 2 + this.checkpointFinalizationTime;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointAssemblyDeadline(): number {
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration - this.l1PublishingTime - 2 * this.p2pPropagationTime;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointAttestationDeadline(): number {
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration - this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointPublishingDeadline(): number {
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration - this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checkpoint timing model for proposer pipelining.
+ *
+ * In this mode, the build work still starts in the current slot, but checkpoint
+ * assembly and attestation collection can extend into the target slot. The extra
+ * target-slot window getters are intended for consumers such as P2P validators
+ * that need to validate pipelined messages against wallclock time.
+ */
+class PipelinedCheckpointTimingModel extends BaseCheckpointTiming implements PipelinedCheckpointTiming {
+  public get proposalWindowIntoTargetSlot(): number {
+    // Allow the p2p propagation time to receive a checkpoint proposal from leader
+    return this.p2pPropagationTime;
+  }
+
+  public get attestationWindowIntoTargetSlot(): number {
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration - this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+
+  public get timeReservedAtEnd(): number {
+    return this.checkpointAssembleTime + this.p2pPropagationTime;
+  }
+
+  public get minimumBuildSlotWork(): number {
+    return this.checkpointInitializationTime + this.minExecutionTime * 2;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointAssemblyDeadline(): number {
+    // Allow enough time to
+    // - build all blocks
+    // - receive attestations
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration + this.pipeliningAttestationGracePeriod;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointAttestationDeadline(): number {
+    // Allowed to be into the next wallclock slot minus the allocated l1 publishing time
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration * 2 - this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+
+  public get checkpointPublishingDeadline(): number {
+    // Allowed to be into the next wallclock slot minus the allocated l1 Publishing time
+    return this.aztecSlotDuration * 2 - this.l1PublishingTime;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a checkpoint timing model for the requested scheduling mode.
+ *
+ * Most callers should use this factory and depend only on the shared
+ * `CheckpointTiming` interface. The returned implementation is selected from
+ * `opts.pipelining`.
+ */
+export function createCheckpointTimingModel(opts: CheckpointTimingConfig): CheckpointTiming {
+  validateCheckpointTimingConfig(opts);
+  const normalizedOpts = normalizeCheckpointTimingConfig(opts);
+
+  const timing = normalizedOpts.pipelining
+    ? new PipelinedCheckpointTimingModel(normalizedOpts)
+    : new StandardCheckpointTimingModel(normalizedOpts);
+  validateCheckpointTimingModel(timing);
+  return timing;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a pipelined checkpoint timing model with target-slot window accessors.
+ *
+ * Use this when the caller specifically needs the pipelined-only timing surface,
+ * such as proposal or attestation acceptance windows into the target slot.
+ */
+export function createPipelinedCheckpointTimingModel(
+  opts: Omit<CheckpointTimingConfig, 'pipelining'>,
+): PipelinedCheckpointTiming {
+  validateCheckpointTimingConfig(opts);
+  const normalizedOpts = normalizeCheckpointTimingConfig(opts);
+
+  const timing = new PipelinedCheckpointTimingModel(normalizedOpts);
+  validateCheckpointTimingModel(timing);
+  return timing;
+}
+
 /**
  * Calculates the maximum number of blocks that can be built in a slot.
  * Used by both the sequencer timetable and p2p gossipsub scoring.
@@ -42,25 +255,92 @@ export function calculateMaxBlocksPerSlot(
     checkpointAssembleTime?: number;
     p2pPropagationTime?: number;
     l1PublishingTime?: number;
+    pipelining?: boolean;
   } = {},
 ): number {
-  if (!blockDurationSec) {
-    return 1; // Single block per slot
+  return createCheckpointTimingModel({
+    aztecSlotDuration: aztecSlotDurationSec,
+    blockDuration: blockDurationSec,
+    checkpointAssembleTime: opts.checkpointAssembleTime,
+    checkpointInitializationTime: opts.checkpointInitializationTime,
+    l1PublishingTime: opts.l1PublishingTime,
+    p2pPropagationTime: opts.p2pPropagationTime,
+    pipelining: opts.pipelining,
+  }).calculateMaxBlocksPerSlot();
+}
+
+function assertNonNegative(name: string, value: number): void {
+  if (value < 0) {
+    throw new Error(`${name} must be non-negative (got ${value})`);
   }
+}
 
-  const initOffset = opts.checkpointInitializationTime ?? CHECKPOINT_INITIALIZATION_TIME;
-  const assembleTime = opts.checkpointAssembleTime ?? CHECKPOINT_ASSEMBLE_TIME;
-  const p2pTime = opts.p2pPropagationTime ?? DEFAULT_P2P_PROPAGATION_TIME;
-  const l1Time = opts.l1PublishingTime ?? DEFAULT_L1_PUBLISHING_TIME;
+function validateCheckpointTimingConfig(opts: CheckpointTimingConfig): void {
+  if (opts.aztecSlotDuration <= 0) {
+    throw new Error(`aztecSlotDuration must be positive (got ${opts.aztecSlotDuration})`);
+  }
 
-  // Calculate checkpoint finalization time (assembly + round-trip propagation + L1 publishing)
-  const checkpointFinalizationTime = assembleTime + p2pTime * 2 + l1Time;
+  if (opts.ethereumSlotDuration !== undefined && opts.ethereumSlotDuration <= 0) {
+    throw new Error(`ethereumSlotDuration must be positive when provided (got ${opts.ethereumSlotDuration})`);
+  }
 
-  // Time reserved at end for last sub-slot (validator re-execution) + finalization
-  const timeReservedAtEnd = blockDurationSec + checkpointFinalizationTime;
+  if (opts.blockDuration !== undefined && opts.blockDuration <= 0) {
+    throw new Error(`blockDuration must be positive when provided (got ${opts.blockDuration})`);
+  }
 
-  // Time available for building blocks
-  const timeAvailableForBlocks = aztecSlotDurationSec - initOffset - timeReservedAtEnd;
+  if (opts.minExecutionTime !== undefined && opts.minExecutionTime <= 0) {
+    throw new Error(`minExecutionTime must be positive when provided (got ${opts.minExecutionTime})`);
+  }
 
-  return Math.max(1, Math.floor(timeAvailableForBlocks / blockDurationSec));
+  if (opts.checkpointAssembleTime !== undefined) {
+    assertNonNegative('checkpointAssembleTime', opts.checkpointAssembleTime);
+  }
+  if (opts.checkpointInitializationTime !== undefined) {
+    assertNonNegative('checkpointInitializationTime', opts.checkpointInitializationTime);
+  }
+  if (opts.l1PublishingTime !== undefined) {
+    assertNonNegative('l1PublishingTime', opts.l1PublishingTime);
+  }
+  if (opts.p2pPropagationTime !== undefined) {
+    assertNonNegative('p2pPropagationTime', opts.p2pPropagationTime);
+  }
+}
+
+function normalizeCheckpointTimingConfig(opts: CheckpointTimingConfig): CheckpointTimingConfig {
+  let checkpointAssembleTime = opts.checkpointAssembleTime ?? CHECKPOINT_ASSEMBLE_TIME;
+  let checkpointInitializationTime = opts.checkpointInitializationTime ?? CHECKPOINT_INITIALIZATION_TIME;
+  let minExecutionTime = opts.minExecutionTime ?? MIN_EXECUTION_TIME;
+  let p2pPropagationTime = opts.p2pPropagationTime ?? DEFAULT_P2P_PROPAGATION_TIME;
+
+  if (opts.ethereumSlotDuration !== undefined && opts.ethereumSlotDuration < 8) {
+    p2pPropagationTime = 0;
+    checkpointAssembleTime = 0.5;
+    checkpointInitializationTime = 0.5;
+    minExecutionTime = 1;
+  }
+
+  if (opts.blockDuration !== undefined && minExecutionTime > opts.blockDuration) {
+    minExecutionTime = opts.blockDuration;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ...opts,
+    checkpointAssembleTime,
+    checkpointInitializationTime,
+    minExecutionTime,
+    p2pPropagationTime,
+  };
+}
+
+function validateCheckpointTimingModel(model: CheckpointTiming): void {
+  if (model.blockDuration === undefined) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const timeAvailableForBlocks = model.aztecSlotDuration - model.checkpointInitializationTime - model.timeReservedAtEnd;
+  if (timeAvailableForBlocks < model.blockDuration) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Invalid timing configuration: only ${timeAvailableForBlocks}s available for block building, which is less than one blockDuration (${model.blockDuration}s).`,
+    );
+  }
 }

package/src/trees/nullifier_leaf.ts

@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ export class NullifierLeafPreimage implements IndexedTreeLeafPreimage {
     ];
   }
 
+  isEmpty(): boolean {
+    return this.leaf.isEmpty() && this.nextKey.isZero() && this.nextIndex === 0n;
+  }
+
   toFields(): Fr[] {
     return this.toHashInputs().map(buf => Fr.fromBuffer(buf));
   }

package/src/tx/block_header.ts

@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ export class BlockHeader {
   }
 
   /** Manually set the hash for this block header if already computed */
-  setHash(hashed: Fr) {
-    this._cachedHash = Promise.resolve(new BlockHash(hashed));
+  setHash(hashed: BlockHash) {
+    this._cachedHash = Promise.resolve(hashed);
   }
 
   /** Recomputes the cached hash. Used for testing when header fields are mutated via unfreeze. */