@aztec/stdlib 0.0.1-commit.a072138 → 0.0.1-commit.a5db02d

package/src/kernel/private_circuit_public_inputs.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import {
 } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 import type { FieldsOf } from '@aztec/foundation/types';
 
-import { KeyValidationRequestAndGenerator } from '../kernel/hints/key_validation_request_and_generator.js';
+import { KeyValidationRequestAndSeparator } from '../kernel/hints/key_validation_request_and_separator.js';
 import { CountedLogHash } from '../kernel/log_hash.js';
 import { PrivateCallRequest } from '../kernel/private_call_request.js';
 import { PrivateLogData } from '../kernel/private_log_data.js';
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
     /**
      * The highest timestamp of a block in which the transaction can still be included.
      */
-    public includeByTimestamp: UInt64,
+    public expirationTimestamp: UInt64,
     /**
      * The side effect counter at the start of this call.
      */
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
      */
     public nullifierReadRequests: ClaimedLengthArray<ScopedReadRequest, typeof MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL>,
     /**
-     * Key validation requests and generators created by the corresponding function call.
+     * Key validation requests and separators created by the corresponding function call.
      */
-    public keyValidationRequestsAndGenerators: ClaimedLengthArray<
-      KeyValidationRequestAndGenerator,
+    public keyValidationRequestsAndSeparators: ClaimedLengthArray<
+      KeyValidationRequestAndSeparator,
       typeof MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL
     >,
     /**
@@ -144,6 +144,11 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
      * Hash of the contract class logs emitted in this function call.
      */
     public contractClassLogsHashes: ClaimedLengthArray<CountedLogHash, typeof MAX_CONTRACT_CLASS_LOGS_PER_CALL>,
+    /**
+     * The tx request's salt. Keeps `tx_request.hash()` (the protocol nullifier) unpredictable, and lets the init
+     * kernel bind this proof to a specific tx request (it asserts this equals `tx_request.salt`).
+     */
+    public txRequestSalt: Fr,
   ) {}
 
   /**
@@ -178,7 +183,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(
-        ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(KeyValidationRequestAndGenerator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
+        ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(KeyValidationRequestAndSeparator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
       ),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(PrivateCallRequest, MAX_PRIVATE_CALL_STACK_LENGTH_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(CountedPublicCallRequest, MAX_ENQUEUED_CALLS_PER_CALL)),
@@ -188,6 +193,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(CountedL2ToL1Message, MAX_L2_TO_L1_MSGS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(PrivateLogData, MAX_PRIVATE_LOGS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromBuffer(CountedLogHash, MAX_CONTRACT_CLASS_LOGS_PER_CALL)),
+      reader.readObject(Fr),
     );
   }
 
@@ -209,7 +215,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(
-        ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(KeyValidationRequestAndGenerator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
+        ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(KeyValidationRequestAndSeparator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
       ),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(PrivateCallRequest, MAX_PRIVATE_CALL_STACK_LENGTH_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(CountedPublicCallRequest, MAX_ENQUEUED_CALLS_PER_CALL)),
@@ -219,6 +225,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(CountedL2ToL1Message, MAX_L2_TO_L1_MSGS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(PrivateLogData, MAX_PRIVATE_LOGS_PER_CALL)),
       reader.readObject(ClaimedLengthArrayFromFields(CountedLogHash, MAX_CONTRACT_CLASS_LOGS_PER_CALL)),
+      reader.readField(),
     );
   }
 
@@ -242,7 +249,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       Fr.ZERO,
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(ScopedReadRequest, MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
-      ClaimedLengthArray.empty(KeyValidationRequestAndGenerator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
+      ClaimedLengthArray.empty(KeyValidationRequestAndSeparator, MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_CALL),
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(PrivateCallRequest, MAX_PRIVATE_CALL_STACK_LENGTH_PER_CALL),
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(CountedPublicCallRequest, MAX_ENQUEUED_CALLS_PER_CALL),
       PublicCallRequest.empty(),
@@ -251,6 +258,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(CountedL2ToL1Message, MAX_L2_TO_L1_MSGS_PER_CALL),
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(PrivateLogData, MAX_PRIVATE_LOGS_PER_CALL),
       ClaimedLengthArray.empty(CountedLogHash, MAX_CONTRACT_CLASS_LOGS_PER_CALL),
+      Fr.ZERO,
     );
   }
 
@@ -263,14 +271,14 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.txContext.isEmpty() &&
       this.minRevertibleSideEffectCounter.isZero() &&
       !this.isFeePayer &&
-      !this.includeByTimestamp &&
+      !this.expirationTimestamp &&
       this.startSideEffectCounter.isZero() &&
       this.endSideEffectCounter.isZero() &&
       this.expectedNonRevertibleSideEffectCounter.isZero() &&
       this.expectedRevertibleSideEffectCounter.isZero() &&
       this.noteHashReadRequests.isEmpty() &&
       this.nullifierReadRequests.isEmpty() &&
-      this.keyValidationRequestsAndGenerators.isEmpty() &&
+      this.keyValidationRequestsAndSeparators.isEmpty() &&
       this.privateCallRequests.isEmpty() &&
       this.publicCallRequests.isEmpty() &&
       this.publicTeardownCallRequest.isEmpty() &&
@@ -278,7 +286,8 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.nullifiers.isEmpty() &&
       this.l2ToL1Msgs.isEmpty() &&
       this.privateLogs.isEmpty() &&
-      this.contractClassLogsHashes.isEmpty()
+      this.contractClassLogsHashes.isEmpty() &&
+      this.txRequestSalt.isZero()
     );
   }
 
@@ -296,14 +305,14 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       fields.txContext,
       fields.minRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       fields.isFeePayer,
-      fields.includeByTimestamp,
+      fields.expirationTimestamp,
       fields.startSideEffectCounter,
       fields.endSideEffectCounter,
       fields.expectedNonRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       fields.expectedRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       fields.noteHashReadRequests,
       fields.nullifierReadRequests,
-      fields.keyValidationRequestsAndGenerators,
+      fields.keyValidationRequestsAndSeparators,
       fields.privateCallRequests,
       fields.publicCallRequests,
       fields.publicTeardownCallRequest,
@@ -312,6 +321,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       fields.l2ToL1Msgs,
       fields.privateLogs,
       fields.contractClassLogsHashes,
+      fields.txRequestSalt,
     ] as const;
   }
 
@@ -330,14 +340,14 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.txContext,
       this.minRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       this.isFeePayer,
-      bigintToUInt64BE(this.includeByTimestamp),
+      bigintToUInt64BE(this.expirationTimestamp),
       this.startSideEffectCounter,
       this.endSideEffectCounter,
       this.expectedNonRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       this.expectedRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
       this.noteHashReadRequests,
       this.nullifierReadRequests,
-      this.keyValidationRequestsAndGenerators,
+      this.keyValidationRequestsAndSeparators,
       this.privateCallRequests,
       this.publicCallRequests,
       this.publicTeardownCallRequest,
@@ -346,6 +356,7 @@ export class PrivateCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.l2ToL1Msgs,
       this.privateLogs,
       this.contractClassLogsHashes,
+      this.txRequestSalt,
     ]);
   }
 

package/src/kernel/private_context_inputs.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { serializeToFields } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 
 import { BlockHeader } from '../tx/block_header.js';
@@ -11,13 +11,20 @@ export class PrivateContextInputs {
     public anchorBlockHeader: BlockHeader,
     public txContext: TxContext,
     public startSideEffectCounter: number,
+    public txRequestSalt: Fr,
   ) {}
 
   public static empty(): PrivateContextInputs {
-    return new PrivateContextInputs(CallContext.empty(), BlockHeader.empty(), TxContext.empty(), 0);
+    return new PrivateContextInputs(CallContext.empty(), BlockHeader.empty(), TxContext.empty(), 0, Fr.ZERO);
   }
 
   public toFields(): Fr[] {
-    return serializeToFields([this.callContext, this.anchorBlockHeader, this.txContext, this.startSideEffectCounter]);
+    return serializeToFields([
+      this.callContext,
+      this.anchorBlockHeader,
+      this.txContext,
+      this.startSideEffectCounter,
+      this.txRequestSalt,
+    ]);
   }
 }

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_circuit_public_inputs.ts

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs {
     /**
      * The timestamp by which the transaction must be included in a block.
      */
-    public includeByTimestamp: UInt64,
+    public expirationTimestamp: UInt64,
     /**
      * Wether this is a private only tx or not
      */
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.end,
       this.publicTeardownCallRequest,
       this.feePayer,
-      bigintToUInt64BE(this.includeByTimestamp),
+      bigintToUInt64BE(this.expirationTimestamp),
       this.isPrivateOnly,
       this.claimedFirstNullifier,
       this.claimedRevertibleCounter,
@@ -115,3 +115,12 @@ export class PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs {
     );
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Returns true iff the tx requires the public-bound terminal path: it has either un-processed
+ * public-call requests in the side-effect stream or a pending public-teardown call request. Every
+ * site picking between the rollup-bound and public-bound terminal artifact must route through this.
+ */
+export function kernelStateIsForPublic(publicInputs: PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs): boolean {
+  return publicInputs.end.publicCallRequests.claimedLength > 0 || !publicInputs.publicTeardownCallRequest.isEmpty();
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_init_2_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { BufferReader, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+
+import { ProtocolContracts } from '../tx/protocol_contracts.js';
+import { TxRequest } from '../tx/tx_request.js';
+import { PrivateCallData } from './private_call_data.js';
+
+/**
+ * Input to the batched private kernel init circuit, which processes the first two app calls of a
+ * transaction in a single iteration.
+ */
+export class PrivateKernelInit2CircuitPrivateInputs {
+  constructor(
+    public txRequest: TxRequest,
+    public vkTreeRoot: Fr,
+    public protocolContracts: ProtocolContracts,
+    public privateCall0: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall1: PrivateCallData,
+    public isPrivateOnly: boolean,
+    public revertibleCounterHint: number,
+  ) {}
+
+  toBuffer() {
+    return serializeToBuffer(
+      this.txRequest,
+      this.vkTreeRoot,
+      this.protocolContracts,
+      this.privateCall0,
+      this.privateCall1,
+      this.revertibleCounterHint,
+    );
+  }
+
+  static fromBuffer(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): PrivateKernelInit2CircuitPrivateInputs {
+    const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
+    return new PrivateKernelInit2CircuitPrivateInputs(
+      reader.readObject(TxRequest),
+      Fr.fromBuffer(reader),
+      reader.readObject(ProtocolContracts),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readBoolean(),
+      reader.readNumber(),
+    );
+  }
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_init_3_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { BufferReader, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+
+import { ProtocolContracts } from '../tx/protocol_contracts.js';
+import { TxRequest } from '../tx/tx_request.js';
+import { PrivateCallData } from './private_call_data.js';
+
+/**
+ * Input to the batched private kernel init circuit, which processes the first three app calls of a
+ * transaction in a single iteration.
+ */
+export class PrivateKernelInit3CircuitPrivateInputs {
+  constructor(
+    public txRequest: TxRequest,
+    public vkTreeRoot: Fr,
+    public protocolContracts: ProtocolContracts,
+    public privateCall0: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall1: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall2: PrivateCallData,
+    public isPrivateOnly: boolean,
+    public revertibleCounterHint: number,
+  ) {}
+
+  toBuffer() {
+    return serializeToBuffer(
+      this.txRequest,
+      this.vkTreeRoot,
+      this.protocolContracts,
+      this.privateCall0,
+      this.privateCall1,
+      this.privateCall2,
+      this.revertibleCounterHint,
+    );
+  }
+
+  static fromBuffer(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): PrivateKernelInit3CircuitPrivateInputs {
+    const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
+    return new PrivateKernelInit3CircuitPrivateInputs(
+      reader.readObject(TxRequest),
+      Fr.fromBuffer(reader),
+      reader.readObject(ProtocolContracts),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readBoolean(),
+      reader.readNumber(),
+    );
+  }
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_init_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@ export class PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs {
      * Wether this tx will make public calls or not.
      */
     public isPrivateOnly: boolean,
-    /**
-     * A hint to what will be the first nullifier of the transaction, used for nonce generation.
-     */
-    public firstNullifierHint: Fr,
     /**
      * A claim to the final min revertible side effect counter of a tx.
      */
@@ -50,7 +46,6 @@ export class PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs {
       this.vkTreeRoot,
       this.protocolContracts,
       this.privateCall,
-      this.firstNullifierHint,
       this.revertibleCounterHint,
     );
   }
@@ -68,7 +63,6 @@ export class PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs {
       reader.readObject(ProtocolContracts),
       reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
       reader.readBoolean(),
-      Fr.fromBuffer(reader),
       reader.readNumber(),
     );
   }

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_inner_2_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { BufferReader, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+
+import { PrivateCallData } from './private_call_data.js';
+import { PrivateKernelData } from './private_kernel_data.js';
+
+/**
+ * Input to the batched private kernel inner circuit, which processes two app calls in a single
+ * iteration following a previous kernel.
+ */
+export class PrivateKernelInner2CircuitPrivateInputs {
+  constructor(
+    public previousKernel: PrivateKernelData,
+    public privateCall0: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall1: PrivateCallData,
+  ) {}
+
+  toBuffer() {
+    return serializeToBuffer(this.previousKernel, this.privateCall0, this.privateCall1);
+  }
+
+  static fromBuffer(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): PrivateKernelInner2CircuitPrivateInputs {
+    const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
+    return new PrivateKernelInner2CircuitPrivateInputs(
+      reader.readObject(PrivateKernelData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+    );
+  }
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_inner_3_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { BufferReader, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+
+import { PrivateCallData } from './private_call_data.js';
+import { PrivateKernelData } from './private_kernel_data.js';
+
+/**
+ * Input to the batched private kernel inner circuit, which processes three app calls in a single
+ * iteration following a previous kernel.
+ */
+export class PrivateKernelInner3CircuitPrivateInputs {
+  constructor(
+    public previousKernel: PrivateKernelData,
+    public privateCall0: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall1: PrivateCallData,
+    public privateCall2: PrivateCallData,
+  ) {}
+
+  toBuffer() {
+    return serializeToBuffer(this.previousKernel, this.privateCall0, this.privateCall1, this.privateCall2);
+  }
+
+  static fromBuffer(buffer: Buffer | BufferReader): PrivateKernelInner3CircuitPrivateInputs {
+    const reader = BufferReader.asReader(buffer);
+    return new PrivateKernelInner3CircuitPrivateInputs(
+      reader.readObject(PrivateKernelData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+      reader.readObject(PrivateCallData),
+    );
+  }
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_reset_dimensions.ts

@@ -68,14 +68,24 @@ export const privateKernelResetDimensionNames: DimensionName[] = [
   'PRIVATE_LOG_SILOING',
 ];
 
-export interface DimensionConfig {
-  variants: number[];
-  standalone: number[];
+export interface ResetCatalogEntry {
+  name: string;
+  dimensions: number[];
+  // Measured gate count (circuit_size) of the compiled variant. Used by the selector to pick the
+  // cheapest variant that covers the requested dimensions, e.g. if the required dimensions are
+  // `6 - 2 - 2` then a variant with capacity `8 - 2 - 2` might be cheaper than one with capacity
+  // `6 - 4 - 4`.
   cost: number;
 }
 
 // Must match the config in noir-projects/noir-protocol-circuits/private_kernel_reset_config.json
 export interface PrivateKernelResetDimensionsConfig {
-  dimensions: { [K in DimensionName]: DimensionConfig };
-  specialCases: number[][];
+  // Variants used for mid-tx resets that prevent overflow. Never the last kernel in the chain.
+  inner: ResetCatalogEntry[];
+  // Variants used as the terminal kernel for the rollup-bound private-only path. Each runs
+  // final-reset siloing and tail finalisation in one proof.
+  finalTail: ResetCatalogEntry[];
+  // Terminal variants for the public-bound path (transactions with public function calls). Runs
+  // final-reset siloing and tail-to-public partitioning by revertibility in one proof.
+  finalTailToPublic: ResetCatalogEntry[];
 }

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_reset_tail_circuit_private_inputs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import type {
+  MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+  MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+  MAX_NULLIFIERS_PER_TX,
+  MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+} from '@aztec/constants';
+import { bigintToUInt64BE, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+
+import type { UInt64 } from '../types/shared.js';
+import type { PrivateKernelResetHints } from './hints/private_kernel_reset_hints.js';
+import type { PaddedSideEffectAmounts, PaddedSideEffects } from './padded_side_effects.js';
+import { kernelStateIsForPublic } from './private_kernel_circuit_public_inputs.js';
+import type { PrivateKernelData } from './private_kernel_data.js';
+import { PrivateKernelResetCircuitPrivateInputsVariants } from './private_kernel_reset_circuit_private_inputs.js';
+import type { PrivateKernelResetDimensions } from './private_kernel_reset_dimensions.js';
+
+/**
+ * Input to a terminal reset+tail circuit. `isForPublic()` selects the rollup-bound (`reset_tail`)
+ * or public-bound (`reset_tail_to_public`) family.
+ */
+export class PrivateKernelResetTailCircuitPrivateInputs {
+  constructor(
+    public previousKernel: PrivateKernelData,
+    public paddedSideEffects: PaddedSideEffects,
+    public hints: PrivateKernelResetHints<
+      typeof MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+      typeof MAX_NOTE_HASH_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+      typeof MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+      typeof MAX_NULLIFIER_READ_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+      typeof MAX_KEY_VALIDATION_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
+      typeof MAX_NULLIFIERS_PER_TX
+    >,
+    public dimensions: PrivateKernelResetDimensions,
+    public paddedSideEffectAmounts: PaddedSideEffectAmounts,
+    public expirationTimestampUpperBound: UInt64,
+  ) {}
+
+  isForPublic() {
+    return kernelStateIsForPublic(this.previousKernel.publicInputs);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a dimension-trimmed view of the reset portion of these inputs (without the tail
+   * fields). The prover uses this to feed witness generation of the variant matching the chosen
+   * dimensions.
+   */
+  trimResetToSizes() {
+    const hints = this.hints.trimToSizes(
+      this.dimensions.NOTE_HASH_PENDING_READ,
+      this.dimensions.NOTE_HASH_SETTLED_READ,
+      this.dimensions.NULLIFIER_PENDING_READ,
+      this.dimensions.NULLIFIER_SETTLED_READ,
+      this.dimensions.KEY_VALIDATION,
+      this.dimensions.TRANSIENT_DATA_SQUASHING,
+    );
+    return new PrivateKernelResetCircuitPrivateInputsVariants(this.previousKernel, this.paddedSideEffects, hints);
+  }
+
+  toBuffer() {
+    return serializeToBuffer(
+      this.previousKernel,
+      this.paddedSideEffects,
+      this.hints,
+      this.dimensions,
+      this.paddedSideEffectAmounts,
+      bigintToUInt64BE(this.expirationTimestampUpperBound),
+    );
+  }
+}

package/src/kernel/private_kernel_tail_circuit_public_inputs.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { bufferSchemaFor } from '@aztec/foundation/schemas';
-import { BufferReader, bigintToUInt64BE, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
+import { BufferReader, BufferSink, serializeToSink } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 
 import { AztecAddress } from '../aztec-address/index.js';
 import { Gas } from '../gas/gas.js';
@@ -60,8 +60,14 @@ export class PartialPrivateTailPublicInputsForPublic {
     );
   }
 
-  toBuffer() {
-    return serializeToBuffer(
+  toBuffer(): Buffer;
+  toBuffer(sink: BufferSink): void;
+  toBuffer(sink?: BufferSink): Buffer | void {
+    if (!sink) {
+      return BufferSink.serialize(this);
+    }
+    serializeToSink(
+      sink,
       this.nonRevertibleAccumulatedData,
       this.revertibleAccumulatedData,
       this.publicTeardownCallRequest,
@@ -89,8 +95,13 @@ export class PartialPrivateTailPublicInputsForRollup {
     return this.end.getSize();
   }
 
-  toBuffer() {
-    return serializeToBuffer(this.end);
+  toBuffer(): Buffer;
+  toBuffer(sink: BufferSink): void;
+  toBuffer(sink?: BufferSink): Buffer | void {
+    if (!sink) {
+      return BufferSink.serialize(this);
+    }
+    serializeToSink(sink, this.end);
   }
 
   static empty() {
@@ -116,7 +127,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
     /**
      * The timestamp by which the transaction must be included in a block.
      */
-    public includeByTimestamp: UInt64,
+    public expirationTimestamp: UInt64,
 
     public forPublic?: PartialPrivateTailPublicInputsForPublic,
     public forRollup?: PartialPrivateTailPublicInputsForRollup,
@@ -146,7 +157,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.constants.getSize() +
       this.gasUsed.getSize() +
       this.feePayer.size +
-      8 // includeByTimestamp
+      8 // expirationTimestamp
     );
   }
 
@@ -161,7 +172,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.forPublic.publicTeardownCallRequest,
       this.gasUsed,
       this.feePayer,
-      this.includeByTimestamp,
+      this.expirationTimestamp,
     );
   }
 
@@ -180,7 +191,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
       this.forRollup.end,
       this.gasUsed,
       this.feePayer,
-      this.includeByTimestamp,
+      this.expirationTimestamp,
     );
   }
 
@@ -234,6 +245,15 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
     return noteHashes.filter(n => !n.isZero());
   }
 
+  getNonEmptyL2ToL1Msgs() {
+    const l2ToL1Msgs = this.forPublic
+      ? this.forPublic.nonRevertibleAccumulatedData.l2ToL1Msgs.concat(
+          this.forPublic.revertibleAccumulatedData.l2ToL1Msgs,
+        )
+      : this.forRollup!.end.l2ToL1Msgs;
+    return l2ToL1Msgs.filter(m => !m.isEmpty());
+  }
+
   getNonEmptyNullifiers() {
     const nullifiers = this.forPublic
       ? this.forPublic.nonRevertibleAccumulatedData.nullifiers.concat(
@@ -291,16 +311,20 @@ export class PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs {
     );
   }
 
-  toBuffer() {
+  toBuffer(): Buffer;
+  toBuffer(sink: BufferSink): void;
+  toBuffer(sink?: BufferSink): Buffer | void {
+    if (!sink) {
+      return BufferSink.serialize(this);
+    }
     const isForPublic = !!this.forPublic;
-    return serializeToBuffer(
-      isForPublic,
-      this.constants,
-      this.gasUsed,
-      this.feePayer,
-      bigintToUInt64BE(this.includeByTimestamp),
-      isForPublic ? this.forPublic!.toBuffer() : this.forRollup!.toBuffer(),
-    );
+    serializeToSink(sink, isForPublic, this.constants, this.gasUsed, this.feePayer);
+    sink.writeUInt64(this.expirationTimestamp);
+    if (isForPublic) {
+      this.forPublic!.toBuffer(sink);
+    } else {
+      this.forRollup!.toBuffer(sink);
+    }
   }
 
   static empty() {

package/src/kernel/private_log_data.ts

@@ -85,7 +85,10 @@ export class ScopedPrivateLogData {
 
   static fromFields(fields: Fr[] | FieldReader) {
     const reader = FieldReader.asReader(fields);
-    return new ScopedPrivateLogData(reader.readObject(PrivateLogData), AztecAddress.fromField(reader.readField()));
+    return new ScopedPrivateLogData(
+      reader.readObject(PrivateLogData),
+      AztecAddress.fromFieldUnsafe(reader.readField()),
+    );
   }
 
   isEmpty() {