@aztec/simulator 0.0.1-commit.fce3e4f → 0.0.1-commit.ffe5b04ea

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/cpp_vs_ts_public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger, logLevel } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { avmSimulate } from '@aztec/native';
+import { ProtocolContractsList } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
+import {
+  AvmFastSimulationInputs,
+  AvmTxHint,
+  type PublicSimulatorConfig,
+  PublicTxResult,
+  deserializeFromMessagePack,
+} from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
+import { SimulationError } from '@aztec/stdlib/errors';
+import type { MerkleTreeWriteOperations } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';
+import type { GlobalVariables, StateReference, Tx } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import { WorldStateRevisionWithHandle } from '@aztec/stdlib/world-state';
+
+import { strict as assert } from 'assert';
+
+import type { ExecutorMetricsInterface } from '../executor_metrics_interface.js';
+import type { PublicContractsDB } from '../public_db_sources.js';
+import { ContractProviderForCpp } from './contract_provider_for_cpp.js';
+import { PublicTxSimulator } from './public_tx_simulator.js';
+import type {
+  MeasuredPublicTxSimulatorInterface,
+  PublicTxSimulatorInterface,
+} from './public_tx_simulator_interface.js';
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of PublicTxSimulator that first simulates in C++, then TS, an compares the results.
+ * The C++ simulator accesses the world state directly/natively within C++.
+ * For contract DB accesses, it makes callbacks through NAPI back to the TS PublicContractsDB cache.
+ */
+export class CppVsTsPublicTxSimulator extends PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
+  protected override log: Logger;
+
+  constructor(
+    merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
+    contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
+    globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
+    config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, undefined, bindings);
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:cpp_vs_public_tx_simulator`, bindings);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Simulate a transaction's public portion using the C++ avvm simulator.
+   *
+   * @param tx - The transaction to simulate.
+   * @returns The result of the transaction's public execution.
+   */
+  public override async simulate(tx: Tx): Promise<PublicTxResult> {
+    const txHash = this.computeTxHash(tx);
+    this.log.debug(`C++ simulation of ${tx.publicFunctionCalldata.length} public calls for tx ${txHash}`, {
+      txHash,
+    });
+
+    // Run TS simulation to generate hints and public inputs
+    this.log.debug(`Running TS simulation for tx ${txHash}`);
+
+    // create checkpoint for ws
+    let tsResult: PublicTxResult | undefined;
+    let tsStateRef: StateReference | undefined;
+    await this.merkleTree.createCheckpoint();
+    this.contractsDB.createCheckpoint();
+    try {
+      // Run the full TypeScript simulation using the parent class
+      // This will modify the merkle tree with the transaction's state changes
+      tsResult = await super.simulate(tx);
+      this.log.debug(`TS simulation completed for tx ${txHash}`);
+
+      tsStateRef = await this.merkleTree.getStateReference(); // capture tree roots for later comparsion
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      this.log.warn(`TS simulation failed, but still continuing with C++ simulation: ${error.message} ${error.stack}`);
+    } finally {
+      // revert checkpoint for ws and clear contract db changes
+      // (cpp should reapply exactly the same changes if there are no bugs)
+      await this.merkleTree.revertCheckpoint();
+      this.contractsDB.revertCheckpoint();
+    }
+
+    this.log.debug(`Running C++ simulation for tx ${txHash}`);
+
+    // Using the "as WorldStateRevisionWithHandle" is a bit of a "trust me bro", hence the assert.
+    let wsRevision = this.merkleTree.getRevision();
+    assert(
+      wsRevision instanceof WorldStateRevisionWithHandle,
+      'CppPublicTxSimulator a real NativeWorldStateInstance with a handle to the C++ WorldState object',
+    );
+    const wsCppHandle = (wsRevision as WorldStateRevisionWithHandle).handle;
+    wsRevision = wsRevision.toWorldStateRevision(); // for msgpack serialization, we don't include the handle in the type
+
+    this.log.debug(`Running C++ simulation with world state revision ${JSON.stringify(wsRevision)}`);
+
+    // Create the fast simulation inputs
+    const txHint = AvmTxHint.fromTx(tx, this.globalVariables.gasFees);
+    const protocolContracts = ProtocolContractsList;
+    const fastSimInputs = new AvmFastSimulationInputs(
+      wsRevision,
+      this.config,
+      txHint,
+      this.globalVariables,
+      protocolContracts,
+    );
+
+    // Create contract provider for callbacks to TypeScript PublicContractsDB from C++
+    const contractProvider = new ContractProviderForCpp(this.contractsDB, this.globalVariables, this.bindings);
+
+    // Serialize to msgpack and call the C++ simulator
+    this.log.debug(`Serializing fast simulation inputs to msgpack...`);
+    const inputBuffer = fastSimInputs.serializeWithMessagePack();
+
+    let resultBuffer: Buffer;
+    try {
+      this.log.debug(`Calling C++ simulator for tx ${txHash}`);
+      resultBuffer = await avmSimulate(inputBuffer, contractProvider, wsCppHandle, logLevel);
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      throw new SimulationError(`C++ simulation failed: ${error.message}`, []);
+    }
+
+    // If we've reached this point, C++ succeeded during simulation,
+    // so we assert that TS also succeeded.
+    assert(tsResult !== undefined, 'TS simulation should have succeeded if C++ succeeded');
+    assert(tsStateRef !== undefined, 'TS state reference should have been captured if C++ succeeded');
+
+    // Deserialize the msgpack result
+    this.log.debug(`Deserializing C++ from buffer (size: ${resultBuffer.length})...`);
+    const cppResultJSON: object = deserializeFromMessagePack(resultBuffer);
+    this.log.debug(`Deserializing C++ result to PublicTxResult...`);
+    const cppResult = PublicTxResult.fromPlainObject(cppResultJSON);
+    this.log.debug(`Done.`);
+    assert(cppResult.revertCode.equals(tsResult.revertCode));
+    assert(cppResult.gasUsed.totalGas.equals(tsResult.gasUsed.totalGas));
+    assert(cppResult.gasUsed.publicGas.equals(tsResult.gasUsed.publicGas));
+    assert(cppResult.gasUsed.teardownGas.equals(tsResult.gasUsed.teardownGas));
+    assert(cppResult.gasUsed.billedGas.equals(tsResult.gasUsed.billedGas));
+    assert(cppResult.publicTxEffect.equals(tsResult.publicTxEffect));
+    if (cppResult.publicInputs !== undefined) {
+      assert(cppResult.publicInputs!.toBuffer().equals(tsResult.publicInputs!.toBuffer()));
+    }
+
+    // TODO(fcarreiro): complete this.
+    // Check that C++ hints are a strict subset of TS hints.
+    // Then enable for misc tests and validate hints.
+    //if (this.config?.collectHints) {
+    //}
+
+    if (this.config?.collectCallMetadata) {
+      assert(cppResult.getAppLogicReturnValues().length === tsResult.getAppLogicReturnValues().length);
+      for (let i = 0; i < cppResult.getAppLogicReturnValues().length; i++) {
+        assert(cppResult.getAppLogicReturnValues()[i].equals(tsResult.getAppLogicReturnValues()[i]));
+      }
+    }
+    // Messages are still not ok for exceptional halts (they are not plumbed in C++).
+    const cppRevertReason = cppResult.findRevertReason() || {};
+    const tsRevertReason = tsResult.findRevertReason() || {};
+    const cppRevertReasonAsObject = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(cppRevertReason));
+    const tsRevertReasonAsObject = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(tsRevertReason));
+    if (JSON.stringify(cppRevertReasonAsObject) !== JSON.stringify(tsRevertReasonAsObject)) {
+      this.log.debug('cppResult.findRevertReason()', cppRevertReasonAsObject);
+      this.log.debug('tsResult.findRevertReason()', tsRevertReasonAsObject);
+    }
+    // TODO: dont compare the strings since this is not deterministic.
+
+    // Sometimes error messages are different between C++ and TS, so we omit in the default comparison
+    const cppRevertReasonWithoutMessage = { ...cppRevertReasonAsObject, originalMessage: undefined };
+    const tsRevertReasonWithoutMessage = { ...tsRevertReasonAsObject, originalMessage: undefined };
+    assert(JSON.stringify(cppRevertReasonWithoutMessage) === JSON.stringify(tsRevertReasonWithoutMessage));
+
+    const cppHasRevertMessage =
+      cppRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage && cppRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage.length > 0;
+    const tsHasRevertMessage =
+      tsRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage && tsRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage.length > 0;
+    // assert that if one of the error messages is non-empty, the other is
+    assert(
+      cppHasRevertMessage === tsHasRevertMessage,
+      'One of the AVM simulators (C++ or TS) produced a revert message, but the other did not',
+    );
+    // Ideally, we'd love to be able to compare full error messages, but without a lot of work
+    // the two simulators will always be able to produce some differing errors.
+    // Commenting out the code below will enforce that the error messages are at least
+    // similar (one contains the other). Even this is not something we can guarantee.
+    //if (cppHasRevertMessage) {
+    //  const cppRevertMessageContainsTs = cppRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage.includes(
+    //    tsRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage,
+    //  );
+    //  const tsRevertMessageContainsCpp = tsRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage.includes(
+    //    cppRevertReasonAsObject.originalMessage,
+    //  );
+    //  assert(
+    //    cppRevertMessageContainsTs || tsRevertMessageContainsCpp,
+    //    'The AVM simulators (C++ and TS) produced different revert messages (neither was a substring of the other)',
+    //  );
+    //}
+
+    // Confirm that tree roots match
+    const cppStateRef = await this.merkleTree.getStateReference();
+    assert(
+      cppStateRef.equals(tsStateRef),
+      `Tree roots mismatch between TS and C++ public simulations for tx ${txHash}`,
+    );
+
+    this.log.debug(`C++ simulation completed for tx ${txHash}`, {
+      txHash,
+      reverted: !cppResult.revertCode.isOK(),
+      cppGasUsed: cppResult.gasUsed.totalGas.l2Gas,
+    });
+
+    // Return cpp result as it has more detailed metadata / revert reasons
+    return cppResult;
+  }
+}
+
+export class MeasuredCppVsTsPublicTxSimulator
+  extends CppVsTsPublicTxSimulator
+  implements MeasuredPublicTxSimulatorInterface
+{
+  constructor(
+    merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
+    contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
+    globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
+    protected readonly metrics: ExecutorMetricsInterface,
+    config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, bindings);
+  }
+
+  public override async simulate(tx: Tx, txLabel: string = 'unlabeledTx'): Promise<PublicTxResult> {
+    this.metrics.startRecordingTxSimulation(txLabel);
+    let result: PublicTxResult | undefined;
+    try {
+      result = await super.simulate(tx);
+    } finally {
+      this.metrics.stopRecordingTxSimulation(txLabel, result?.gasUsed, result?.revertCode);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+}

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/dumping_cpp_public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import type { LoggerBindings } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import {
+  AvmCircuitInputs,
+  AvmCircuitPublicInputs,
+  AvmExecutionHints,
+  type PublicSimulatorConfig,
+  PublicTxResult,
+  serializeWithMessagePack,
+} from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
+import type { MerkleTreeWriteOperations } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';
+import type { GlobalVariables, Tx, TxHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+
+import { strict as assert } from 'assert';
+import { mkdirSync, writeFileSync } from 'fs';
+import { join } from 'path';
+
+import type { PublicContractsDB } from '../public_db_sources.js';
+import { CppPublicTxSimulator } from './cpp_public_tx_simulator.js';
+
+/**
+ * A C++ public tx simulator that dumps AVM circuit inputs to disk after simulation.
+ * Used during nightly CI runs to collect circuit inputs for benchmarking.
+ */
+export class DumpingCppPublicTxSimulator extends CppPublicTxSimulator {
+  private readonly outputDir: string;
+
+  constructor(
+    merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
+    contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
+    globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
+    config: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    outputDir: string,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, bindings);
+    assert(config.collectHints === true, 'collectHints must be enabled to dump AVM circuit inputs');
+    assert(config.collectPublicInputs === true, 'collectPublicInputs must be enabled to dump AVM circuit inputs');
+    this.outputDir = outputDir;
+  }
+
+  public override async simulate(tx: Tx): Promise<PublicTxResult> {
+    const result = await super.simulate(tx);
+
+    // Dump the circuit inputs after successful simulation
+    const txHash = this.computeTxHash(tx);
+    this.dumpAvmCircuitInputs(result, txHash);
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Dumps AVM circuit inputs to disk.
+   *
+   * @param result - The simulation result containing hints and public inputs
+   * @param txHash - The transaction hash to use in the filename
+   */
+  private dumpAvmCircuitInputs(result: PublicTxResult, txHash: TxHash): void {
+    try {
+      // Ensure the output directory exists
+      mkdirSync(this.outputDir, { recursive: true });
+
+      // Generate filename using transaction hash
+      const filename = `avm-circuit-inputs-tx-${txHash.toString()}.bin`;
+      const filepath = join(this.outputDir, filename);
+
+      // Create circuit inputs from the result
+      const hints = result.hints ?? AvmExecutionHints.empty();
+      const publicInputs = result.publicInputs ?? AvmCircuitPublicInputs.empty();
+      const avmCircuitInputs = new AvmCircuitInputs(hints, publicInputs);
+
+      // Serialize the circuit inputs using MessagePack
+      const serialized = serializeWithMessagePack(avmCircuitInputs);
+
+      // Write to disk
+      writeFileSync(filepath, serialized);
+
+      this.log.debug(`Dumped AVM circuit inputs to ${filepath}`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Non-blocking error handling - log but don't interrupt processing
+      this.log.warn(`Failed to dump AVM circuit inputs for tx ${txHash.toString()}: ${error}`);
+    }
+  }
+}

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/factories.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import type { LoggerBindings } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { PublicSimulatorConfig } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
+import type { MerkleTreeWriteOperations } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';
+import type { GlobalVariables } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import type { TelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
+
+import type { PublicContractsDB } from '../public_db_sources.js';
+import { TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator } from './cpp_public_tx_simulator.js';
+import { DumpingCppPublicTxSimulator } from './dumping_cpp_public_tx_simulator.js';
+
+/**
+ * Creates a public tx simulator for block building.
+ * Uses DumpingCppPublicTxSimulator if DUMP_AVM_INPUTS_TO_DIR env var is set (for CI/testing avm circuit),
+ * otherwise uses TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator (for production).
+ */
+export function createPublicTxSimulatorForBlockBuilding(
+  merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
+  contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
+  globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
+  telemetryClient: TelemetryClient,
+  bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  collectDebugLogs = false,
+) {
+  const config = PublicSimulatorConfig.from({
+    skipFeeEnforcement: false,
+    collectDebugLogs,
+    collectHints: false,
+    collectPublicInputs: false,
+    collectStatistics: false,
+    collectCallMetadata: false,
+  });
+
+  const dumpDir = process.env.DUMP_AVM_INPUTS_TO_DIR;
+  if (dumpDir) {
+    // must collect hints and PIs for dumping
+    const dumpingConfig = {
+      ...config,
+      collectHints: true,
+      collectPublicInputs: true,
+    };
+    return new DumpingCppPublicTxSimulator(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, dumpingConfig, dumpDir, bindings);
+  }
+  return new TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, telemetryClient, config, bindings);
+}

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 export * from './public_tx_simulator.js';
+export { CppPublicTxSimulator, TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator } from './cpp_public_tx_simulator.js';
+export { DumpingCppPublicTxSimulator } from './dumping_cpp_public_tx_simulator.js';
+export { createPublicTxSimulatorForBlockBuilding } from './factories.js';
 export type { PublicTxSimulatorInterface } from './public_tx_simulator_interface.js';
 export { TelemetryPublicTxSimulator } from './telemetry_public_tx_simulator.js';
 export type { PublicTxResult, PublicSimulatorConfig as PublicTxSimulatorConfig } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/measured_public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import type { PublicSimulatorConfig, PublicTxResult } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
 import type { Gas } from '@aztec/stdlib/gas';

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/public_tx_context.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import {
   MAX_TOTAL_PUBLIC_DATA_UPDATE_REQUESTS_PER_TX,
 } from '@aztec/constants';
 import { padArrayEnd } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import {
   AvmAccumulatedData,
   AvmAccumulatedDataArrayLengths,
@@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ export class PublicTxContext {
     public readonly revertibleAccumulatedDataFromPrivate: PrivateToPublicAccumulatedData,
     public readonly feePayer: AztecAddress,
     private readonly trace: SideEffectTrace,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
-    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_tx_context`);
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_tx_context`, bindings);
   }
 
   public static async create(
@@ -98,13 +99,14 @@ export class PublicTxContext {
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     protocolContracts: ProtocolContracts,
     proverId: Fr,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
     const contractDeploymentData = AllContractDeploymentData.fromTx(tx);
     const nonRevertibleContractDeploymentData = contractDeploymentData.getNonRevertibleContractDeploymentData();
     const revertibleContractDeploymentData = contractDeploymentData.getRevertibleContractDeploymentData();
     const nonRevertibleAccumulatedDataFromPrivate = tx.data.forPublic!.nonRevertibleAccumulatedData;
 
-    const trace = new SideEffectTrace();
+    const trace = new SideEffectTrace(0, bindings);
 
     const firstNullifier = nonRevertibleAccumulatedDataFromPrivate.nullifiers[0];
 
@@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ export class PublicTxContext {
       trace,
       firstNullifier,
       globalVariables.timestamp,
+      bindings,
     );
 
     const gasSettings = tx.data.constants.txContext.gasSettings;
@@ -124,7 +127,7 @@ export class PublicTxContext {
 
     return new PublicTxContext(
       tx.getTxHash(),
-      new PhaseStateManager(txStateManager),
+      new PhaseStateManager(txStateManager, bindings),
       await txStateManager.getTreeSnapshots(),
       globalVariables,
       protocolContracts,
@@ -142,6 +145,7 @@ export class PublicTxContext {
       tx.data.forPublic!.revertibleAccumulatedData,
       tx.data.feePayer,
       trace,
+      bindings,
     );
   }
 
@@ -441,8 +445,11 @@ class PhaseStateManager {
 
   private currentlyActiveStateManager: PublicPersistableStateManager | undefined;
 
-  constructor(private readonly txStateManager: PublicPersistableStateManager) {
-    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_phase_state_manager`);
+  constructor(
+    private readonly txStateManager: PublicPersistableStateManager,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_phase_state_manager`, bindings);
   }
 
   async fork() {

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
-import { AVM_MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS } from '@aztec/constants';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS } from '@aztec/constants';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { ProtocolContractAddress, ProtocolContractsList } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
 import { computeFeePayerBalanceStorageSlot } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts/fee-juice';
-import { AvmExecutionHints, AvmTxHint, PublicSimulatorConfig, PublicTxResult } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
+import { AvmExecutionHints, AvmTxHint, PublicSimulatorConfig, PublicTxEffect, PublicTxResult } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
 import { SimulationError } from '@aztec/stdlib/errors';
-import type { Gas } from '@aztec/stdlib/gas';
+import { Gas } from '@aztec/stdlib/gas';
 import type { MerkleTreeWriteOperations } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';
 import {
   type GlobalVariables,
   NestedProcessReturnValues,
+  ProtocolContracts,
   PublicCallRequestWithCalldata,
   Tx,
   TxExecutionPhase,
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 import { strict as assert } from 'assert';
 
 import type { AvmFinalizedCallResult } from '../avm/avm_contract_call_result.js';
+import { CallDataArray } from '../avm/calldata.js';
 import { AvmSimulator } from '../avm/index.js';
 import { getPublicFunctionDebugName } from '../debug_fn_name.js';
 import { HintingMerkleWriteOperations, HintingPublicContractsDB } from '../hinting_db_sources.js';
@@ -79,15 +81,19 @@ type ProcessedPhase = {
 export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
   protected log: Logger;
   protected readonly config: PublicSimulatorConfig;
+  protected readonly bindings?: LoggerBindings;
 
   constructor(
     protected merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
     protected contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
     protected globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    protected protocolContracts: ProtocolContracts = ProtocolContractsList,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
     this.config = PublicSimulatorConfig.from(config ?? {});
-    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_tx_simulator`);
+    this.bindings = bindings;
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:public_tx_simulator`, bindings);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -103,7 +109,7 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
     const hints = new AvmExecutionHints(
       this.globalVariables,
       AvmTxHint.fromTx(tx, this.globalVariables.gasFees),
-      ProtocolContractsList, // imported from file
+      this.protocolContracts,
     );
     const hintingMerkleTree = await HintingMerkleWriteOperations.create(this.merkleTree, hints);
     const hintingTreesDB = new PublicTreesDB(hintingMerkleTree);
@@ -114,8 +120,9 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
       hintingContractsDB,
       tx,
       this.globalVariables,
-      ProtocolContractsList, // imported from file
+      this.protocolContracts,
       this.config.proverId,
+      this.bindings,
     );
 
     // This will throw if there is a nullifier collision.
@@ -129,7 +136,7 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
       const setupResult = await this.simulatePhase(TxExecutionPhase.SETUP, context);
       if (setupResult.reverted) {
         throw new Error(
-          `Setup phase reverted! The transaction will be thrown out. ${setupResult.revertReason?.message}`,
+          `[SETUP] UNRECOVERABLE ERROR! The transaction will be thrown out. ${setupResult.revertReason?.message}`,
         );
       }
       processedPhases.push(setupResult);
@@ -192,18 +199,33 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
 
     // Such transactions should be filtered by GasTxValidator.
     assert(
-      context.getActualGasUsed().l2Gas <= AVM_MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS,
-      `Transaction consumes ${context.getActualGasUsed().l2Gas} L2 gas, which exceeds the AVM maximum processable gas of ${AVM_MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS}`,
+      context.getActualGasUsed().l2Gas <= MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS,
+      `Transaction consumes ${context.getActualGasUsed().l2Gas} L2 gas, which exceeds the maximum processable gas of ${MAX_PROCESSABLE_L2_GAS}`,
     );
     await this.payFee(context);
 
     const publicInputs = await context.generateAvmCircuitPublicInputs();
     const revertCode = context.getFinalRevertCode();
 
-    // We only return the app logic phase information.
-    const appLogicReturnValues =
+    // We only return the app logic phase information, and only 1 per phase.
+    const appLogicReturnValues: NestedProcessReturnValues[] =
       processedPhases.find(({ phase }) => phase === TxExecutionPhase.APP_LOGIC)?.returnValues ?? [];
 
+    // TODO(fcarreiro): This is a temporary backwards compatibility layer until we migrate to the C++ simulator.
+    if (context.revertReason !== undefined) {
+      (appLogicReturnValues as any).revertReason = context.revertReason;
+    }
+
+    // Create PublicTxEffect from PublicInputs.
+    const publicTxEffect = new PublicTxEffect(
+      publicInputs.transactionFee,
+      publicInputs.accumulatedData.noteHashes.filter(h => !h.isEmpty()),
+      publicInputs.accumulatedData.nullifiers.filter(n => !n.isEmpty()),
+      publicInputs.accumulatedData.l2ToL1Msgs.filter(m => !m.isEmpty()),
+      publicInputs.accumulatedData.publicLogs.toLogs(),
+      publicInputs.accumulatedData.publicDataWrites.filter(w => !w.isEmpty()),
+    );
+
     return new PublicTxResult(
       /*gasUsed=*/ {
         totalGas: context.getActualGasUsed(),
@@ -212,8 +234,8 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
         billedGas: context.getTotalGasUsed(),
       },
       /*revertCode=*/ revertCode,
-      /*revertReason=*/ context.revertReason,
-      /*appLogicReturnValues=*/ appLogicReturnValues,
+      /*publicTxEffect=*/ publicTxEffect,
+      /*callStackMetadata=*/ appLogicReturnValues,
       /*logs=*/ context.state.getActiveStateManager().getLogs(),
       /*hints=*/ hints,
       /*publicInputs=*/ publicInputs,
@@ -250,7 +272,7 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
 
       const enqueuedCallResult = await this.simulateEnqueuedCall(phase, context, callRequest);
 
-      returnValues.push(new NestedProcessReturnValues(enqueuedCallResult.output));
+      returnValues.push(new NestedProcessReturnValues(enqueuedCallResult.output.bestEffortReadAll()));
 
       if (enqueuedCallResult.reverted) {
         reverted = true;
@@ -280,7 +302,11 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
   ): Promise<AvmFinalizedCallResult> {
     const stateManager = context.state.getActiveStateManager();
     const contractAddress = callRequest.request.contractAddress;
-    const fnName = await getPublicFunctionDebugName(this.contractsDB, contractAddress, callRequest.calldata);
+    const fnName = await getPublicFunctionDebugName(
+      this.contractsDB,
+      contractAddress,
+      new CallDataArray(callRequest.calldata),
+    );
 
     const allocatedGas = context.getGasLeftAtPhase(phase);
 
@@ -299,7 +325,7 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
     );
 
     if (result.reverted) {
-      const culprit = `${contractAddress}:${callRequest.functionSelector}`;
+      const culprit = `${contractAddress}:${fnName}`;
       context.revert(phase, result.revertReason, culprit);
     }
 
@@ -340,7 +366,7 @@ export class PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
       transactionFee,
       this.globalVariables,
       request.isStaticCall,
-      calldata,
+      new CallDataArray(calldata),
       allocatedGas,
       this.config,
     );

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/public_tx_simulator_interface.ts

@@ -3,8 +3,31 @@ import type { Tx } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
 export interface PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
   simulate(tx: Tx): Promise<PublicTxResult>;
+  /**
+   * Cancel the current simulation if one is in progress.
+   * This signals the underlying simulator (e.g., C++) to stop at the next safe point.
+   * Safe to call even if no simulation is in progress.
+   * Optional - not all implementations support cancellation.
+   *
+   * @param waitTimeoutMs - If provided, wait up to this many ms for the simulation to actually stop.
+   *                        This is important because signaling cancellation doesn't immediately stop C++ -
+   *                        it only sets a flag that C++ checks at certain points. If C++ is in the middle
+   *                        of a slow operation (e.g., pad_trees), it won't stop until that completes.
+   * @returns Promise that resolves when cancellation is signaled (and optionally when simulation stops)
+   */
+  cancel?(waitTimeoutMs?: number): Promise<void>;
 }
 
 export interface MeasuredPublicTxSimulatorInterface {
   simulate(tx: Tx, txLabel: string): Promise<PublicTxResult>;
+  /**
+   * Cancel the current simulation if one is in progress.
+   * This signals the underlying simulator (e.g., C++) to stop at the next safe point.
+   * Safe to call even if no simulation is in progress.
+   * Optional - not all implementations support cancellation.
+   *
+   * @param waitTimeoutMs - If provided, wait up to this many ms for the simulation to actually stop.
+   * @returns Promise that resolves when cancellation is signaled (and optionally when simulation stops)
+   */
+  cancel?(waitTimeoutMs?: number): Promise<void>;
 }

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/telemetry_public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import type { PublicSimulatorConfig } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
 import type { Gas } from '@aztec/stdlib/gas';
 import type { MerkleTreeWriteOperations } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';