@aztec/simulator 0.0.1-commit.d3ec352c → 0.0.1-commit.d6f2b3f94

package/src/public/public_processor/public_processor.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { MAX_NOTE_HASHES_PER_TX, MAX_NULLIFIERS_PER_TX, NULLIFIER_SUBTREE_HEIGHT } from '@aztec/constants';
 import { padArrayEnd } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
-import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { sleep } from '@aztec/foundation/sleep';
 import { DateProvider, Timer, elapsed, executeTimeout } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import { ProtocolContractAddress } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
@@ -62,11 +62,15 @@ import { PublicProcessorMetrics } from './public_processor_metrics.js';
  * Creates new instances of PublicProcessor given the provided merkle tree db and contract data source.
  */
 export class PublicProcessorFactory {
+  private log: Logger;
   constructor(
     private contractDataSource: ContractDataSource,
     private dateProvider: DateProvider = new DateProvider(),
     protected telemetryClient: TelemetryClient = getTelemetryClient(),
-  ) {}
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    this.log = createLogger('simulator:public-processor-factory', bindings);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Creates a new instance of a PublicProcessor.
@@ -79,7 +83,8 @@ export class PublicProcessorFactory {
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     config: PublicSimulatorConfig,
   ): PublicProcessor {
-    const contractsDB = new PublicContractsDB(this.contractDataSource);
+    const bindings = this.log.getBindings();
+    const contractsDB = new PublicContractsDB(this.contractDataSource, bindings);
 
     const guardedFork = new GuardedMerkleTreeOperations(merkleTree);
     const publicTxSimulator = this.createPublicTxSimulator(guardedFork, contractsDB, globalVariables, config);
@@ -91,6 +96,7 @@ export class PublicProcessorFactory {
       publicTxSimulator,
       this.dateProvider,
       this.telemetryClient,
+      createLogger('simulator:public-processor', bindings),
     );
   }
 
@@ -100,7 +106,14 @@ export class PublicProcessorFactory {
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     config?: Partial<PublicTxSimulatorConfig>,
   ): PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
-    return new TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, this.telemetryClient, config);
+    return new TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator(
+      merkleTree,
+      contractsDB,
+      globalVariables,
+      this.telemetryClient,
+      config,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
+    );
   }
 }
 
@@ -125,8 +138,8 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
     protected publicTxSimulator: PublicTxSimulatorInterface,
     private dateProvider: DateProvider,
     telemetryClient: TelemetryClient = getTelemetryClient(),
-    private log = createLogger('simulator:public-processor'),
-    private opts: Pick<SequencerConfig, 'fakeProcessingDelayPerTxMs'> = {},
+    private log: Logger,
+    private opts: Pick<SequencerConfig, 'fakeProcessingDelayPerTxMs' | 'fakeThrowAfterProcessingTxCount'> = {},
   ) {
     this.metrics = new PublicProcessorMetrics(telemetryClient, 'PublicProcessor');
   }
@@ -146,7 +159,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
     txs: Iterable<Tx> | AsyncIterable<Tx>,
     limits: PublicProcessorLimits = {},
     validator: PublicProcessorValidator = {},
-  ): Promise<[ProcessedTx[], FailedTx[], Tx[], NestedProcessReturnValues[]]> {
+  ): Promise<[ProcessedTx[], FailedTx[], Tx[], NestedProcessReturnValues[], number]> {
     const { maxTransactions, maxBlockSize, deadline, maxBlockGas, maxBlobFields } = limits;
     const { preprocessValidator, nullifierCache } = validator;
     const result: ProcessedTx[] = [];
@@ -160,7 +173,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
     let totalBlockGas = new Gas(0, 0);
     let totalBlobFields = 0;
 
-    for await (const origTx of txs) {
+    for await (const tx of txs) {
       // Only process up to the max tx limit
       if (maxTransactions !== undefined && result.length >= maxTransactions) {
         this.log.debug(`Stopping tx processing due to reaching the max tx limit.`);
@@ -174,8 +187,8 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
       }
 
       // Skip this tx if it'd exceed max block size
-      const txHash = origTx.getTxHash().toString();
-      const preTxSizeInBytes = origTx.getEstimatedPrivateTxEffectsSize();
+      const txHash = tx.getTxHash().toString();
+      const preTxSizeInBytes = tx.getEstimatedPrivateTxEffectsSize();
       if (maxBlockSize !== undefined && totalSizeInBytes + preTxSizeInBytes > maxBlockSize) {
         this.log.warn(`Skipping processing of tx ${txHash} sized ${preTxSizeInBytes} bytes due to block size limit`, {
           txHash,
@@ -187,7 +200,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
       }
 
       // Skip this tx if its gas limit would exceed the block gas limit
-      const txGasLimit = origTx.data.constants.txContext.gasSettings.gasLimits;
+      const txGasLimit = tx.data.constants.txContext.gasSettings.gasLimits;
       if (maxBlockGas !== undefined && totalBlockGas.add(txGasLimit).gtAny(maxBlockGas)) {
         this.log.warn(`Skipping processing of tx ${txHash} due to block gas limit`, {
           txHash,
@@ -198,9 +211,6 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
         continue;
       }
 
-      // The processor modifies the tx objects in place, so we need to clone them.
-      const tx = Tx.clone(origTx);
-
       // We validate the tx before processing it, to avoid unnecessary work.
       if (preprocessValidator) {
         const result = await preprocessValidator.validateTx(tx);
@@ -233,6 +243,12 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
       try {
         const [processedTx, returnValues] = await this.processTx(tx, deadline);
 
+        // Inject a fake processing failure after N txs if requested
+        const fakeThrowAfter = this.opts.fakeThrowAfterProcessingTxCount;
+        if (fakeThrowAfter !== undefined && result.length + failed.length + 1 >= fakeThrowAfter) {
+          throw new Error(`Fake error after processing ${fakeThrowAfter} txs`);
+        }
+
         const txBlobFields = processedTx.txEffect.getNumBlobFields();
 
         // If the actual size of this tx would exceed block size, skip it
@@ -251,6 +267,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
         }
 
         // If the actual blob fields of this tx would exceed the limit, skip it
+        // Note: maxBlobFields already accounts for block end blob fields and previous blocks in checkpoint.
         if (maxBlobFields !== undefined && totalBlobFields + txBlobFields > maxBlobFields) {
           this.log.debug(
             `Skipping processed tx ${txHash} with ${txBlobFields} blob fields due to max blob fields limit.`,
@@ -282,7 +299,15 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
         if (err?.name === 'PublicProcessorTimeoutError') {
           this.log.warn(`Stopping tx processing due to timeout.`);
           // We hit the transaction execution deadline.
-          // There may still be a transaction executing. We stop the guarded fork to prevent any further access to the world state.
+          // There may still be a transaction executing on a worker thread (C++ via NAPI).
+          // Signal cancellation AND WAIT for the simulation to actually stop.
+          // This is critical because C++ might be in the middle of a slow operation (e.g., pad_trees)
+          // and won't check the cancellation flag until that operation completes.
+          // Without waiting, we'd proceed to revert checkpoints while C++ is still writing to state.
+          // Wait for C++ to stop gracefully.
+          await this.publicTxSimulator.cancel?.();
+
+          // Now stop the guarded fork to prevent any further TS-side access to the world state.
           await this.guardedMerkleTree.stop();
 
           // We now know there can't be any further access to world state. The fork is in a state where there is:
@@ -338,7 +363,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
       totalSizeInBytes,
     });
 
-    return [result, failed, usedTxs, returns];
+    return [result, failed, usedTxs, returns, totalBlobFields];
   }
 
   private async checkWorldStateUnchanged(
@@ -523,7 +548,7 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
 
     const result = await this.publicTxSimulator.simulate(tx);
     // TODO: use the callStackMetadata here to extract more data about public execution
-    const { hints, publicInputs, gasUsed, revertCode /*callStackMetadata*/ } = result;
+    const { hints, publicInputs, publicTxEffect, gasUsed, revertCode /*callStackMetadata*/ } = result;
 
     const contractClassLogs = revertCode.isOK()
       ? tx.getContractClassLogs()
@@ -542,10 +567,15 @@ export class PublicProcessor implements Traceable {
     const appLogicReturnValues: NestedProcessReturnValues[] = result.getAppLogicReturnValues();
     // Extract the revert reason from the call stack metadata.
     const revertReason = result.findRevertReason();
+    // Create proving request if we have hints and public inputs.
+    const avmProvingRequest =
+      hints && publicInputs ? PublicProcessor.generateProvingRequest(publicInputs, hints) : undefined;
 
     const processedTx = makeProcessedTxFromTxWithPublicCalls(
       tx,
-      PublicProcessor.generateProvingRequest(publicInputs, hints),
+      this.globalVariables,
+      avmProvingRequest,
+      publicTxEffect,
       gasUsed,
       revertCode,
       revertReason,

package/src/public/public_processor/public_processor_metrics.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { ContractClassPublishedEvent } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts/class-registry';
 import type { Gas } from '@aztec/stdlib/gas';
-import type { TxExecutionPhase } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import { TxExecutionPhase } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 import {
   Attributes,
   type Gauge,
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
   type TelemetryClient,
   type Tracer,
   type UpDownCounter,
-  ValueType,
+  createUpDownCounterWithDefault,
 } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
 
 export class PublicProcessorMetrics {
@@ -34,60 +34,32 @@ export class PublicProcessorMetrics {
     this.tracer = client.getTracer(name);
     const meter = client.getMeter(name);
 
-    this.txDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_DURATION, {
-      description: 'How long it takes to process a transaction',
-      unit: 'ms',
-      valueType: ValueType.INT,
-    });
+    this.txDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_DURATION);
 
-    this.txCount = meter.createUpDownCounter(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_COUNT, {
-      description: 'Number of transactions processed',
+    this.txCount = createUpDownCounterWithDefault(meter, Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_COUNT, {
+      [Attributes.OK]: [true, false],
     });
 
-    this.txPhaseCount = meter.createUpDownCounter(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_PHASE_COUNT, {
-      description: 'Number of phases processed',
-    });
+    this.txPhaseCount = createUpDownCounterWithDefault(meter, Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_PHASE_COUNT);
 
-    this.phaseDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_PHASE_DURATION, {
-      description: 'How long it takes to process a phase',
-      unit: 'ms',
-      valueType: ValueType.INT,
-    });
+    this.phaseDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_PHASE_DURATION);
 
-    this.phaseCount = meter.createUpDownCounter(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_PHASE_COUNT, {
-      description: 'Number of failed phases',
+    this.phaseCount = createUpDownCounterWithDefault(meter, Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_PHASE_COUNT, {
+      [Attributes.TX_PHASE_NAME]: [TxExecutionPhase.SETUP, TxExecutionPhase.APP_LOGIC, TxExecutionPhase.TEARDOWN],
+      [Attributes.OK]: [true, false],
     });
 
-    this.bytecodeDeployed = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_DEPLOY_BYTECODE_SIZE, {
-      description: 'Size of deployed bytecode',
-      unit: 'By',
-    });
+    this.bytecodeDeployed = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_DEPLOY_BYTECODE_SIZE);
 
-    this.totalGas = meter.createGauge(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TOTAL_GAS, {
-      description: 'Total gas used in block',
-      unit: 'gas',
-    });
+    this.totalGas = meter.createGauge(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TOTAL_GAS);
 
-    this.totalGasHistogram = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TOTAL_GAS_HISTOGRAM, {
-      description: 'Total gas used in block as histogram',
-      unit: 'gas/block',
-    });
+    this.totalGasHistogram = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TOTAL_GAS_HISTOGRAM);
 
-    this.txGas = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_GAS, {
-      description: 'Gas used in transaction',
-      unit: 'gas/tx',
-    });
+    this.txGas = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TX_GAS);
 
-    this.gasRate = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_GAS_RATE, {
-      description: 'L2 gas per second for complete block',
-      unit: 'gas/s',
-    });
+    this.gasRate = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_GAS_RATE);
 
-    this.treeInsertionDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TREE_INSERTION, {
-      description: 'How long it takes for tree insertion',
-      unit: 'us',
-      valueType: ValueType.INT,
-    });
+    this.treeInsertionDuration = meter.createHistogram(Metrics.PUBLIC_PROCESSOR_TREE_INSERTION);
   }
 
   recordPhaseDuration(phaseName: TxExecutionPhase, durationMs: number) {

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/contract_provider_for_cpp.ts

@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import type { ContractProvider } from '@aztec/native';
 import { FunctionSelector } from '@aztec/stdlib/abi';
 import { deserializeFromMessagePack, serializeWithMessagePack } from '@aztec/stdlib/avm';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
 import { ContractDeploymentData } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
-import { ContractClassLog, ContractClassLogFields, PrivateLog } from '@aztec/stdlib/logs';
 import type { GlobalVariables } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
 import type { PublicContractsDB } from '../public_db_sources.js';
 
 export class ContractProviderForCpp implements ContractProvider {
-  private log: Logger = createLogger('simulator:contract_provider_for_cpp');
+  private log: Logger;
 
   constructor(
     private contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
     private globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
-  ) {}
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    this.log = createLogger('simulator:contract_provider_for_cpp', bindings);
+  }
 
   public getContractInstance = async (address: string): Promise<Buffer | undefined> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: getContractInstance(${address})`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: getContractInstance(${address})`);
 
     const aztecAddr = AztecAddress.fromString(address);
 
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ export class ContractProviderForCpp implements ContractProvider {
   };
 
   public getContractClass = async (classId: string): Promise<Buffer | undefined> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: getContractClass(${classId})`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: getContractClass(${classId})`);
 
     // Parse classId string to Fr
     const classIdFr = Fr.fromString(classId);
@@ -51,20 +53,20 @@ export class ContractProviderForCpp implements ContractProvider {
   };
 
   public addContracts = async (contractDeploymentDataBuffer: Buffer): Promise<void> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: addContracts`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: addContracts`);
 
     const rawData: any = deserializeFromMessagePack(contractDeploymentDataBuffer);
 
-    // Construct class instances using the from method
-    const contractDeploymentData = this.reconstructContractDeploymentData(rawData);
+    // Construct ContractDeploymentData from plain object.
+    const contractDeploymentData = ContractDeploymentData.fromPlainObject(rawData);
 
     // Add contracts to the contracts DB
-    this.log.debug(`Calling contractsDB.addContracts`);
+    this.log.trace(`Calling contractsDB.addContracts`);
     await this.contractsDB.addContracts(contractDeploymentData);
   };
 
   public getBytecodeCommitment = async (classId: string): Promise<Buffer | undefined> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: getBytecodeCommitment(${classId})`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: getBytecodeCommitment(${classId})`);
 
     // Parse classId string to Fr
     const classIdFr = Fr.fromString(classId);
@@ -82,18 +84,23 @@ export class ContractProviderForCpp implements ContractProvider {
   };
 
   public getDebugFunctionName = async (address: string, selector: string): Promise<string | undefined> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: getDebugFunctionName(${address}, ${selector})`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: getDebugFunctionName(${address}, ${selector})`);
 
     // Parse address and selector strings
     const aztecAddr = AztecAddress.fromString(address);
     const selectorFr = Fr.fromString(selector);
-    const functionSelector = FunctionSelector.fromField(selectorFr);
+    const functionSelector = FunctionSelector.fromFieldOrUndefined(selectorFr);
+
+    if (!functionSelector) {
+      this.log.trace(`calldata[0] is not a function selector: ${selector}`);
+      return undefined;
+    }
 
     // Fetch debug function name from the contracts DB
     const name = await this.contractsDB.getDebugFunctionName(aztecAddr, functionSelector);
 
     if (!name) {
-      this.log.debug(`Debug function name not found for ${address}:${selector}`);
+      this.log.trace(`Debug function name not found for ${address}:${selector}`);
       return undefined;
     }
 
@@ -101,62 +108,17 @@ export class ContractProviderForCpp implements ContractProvider {
   };
 
   public createCheckpoint = (): Promise<void> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: createCheckpoint`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: createCheckpoint`);
     return Promise.resolve(this.contractsDB.createCheckpoint());
   };
 
   public commitCheckpoint = (): Promise<void> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: commitCheckpoint`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: commitCheckpoint`);
     return Promise.resolve(this.contractsDB.commitCheckpoint());
   };
 
   public revertCheckpoint = (): Promise<void> => {
-    this.log.debug(`Contract provider callback: revertCheckpoint`);
+    this.log.trace(`Contract provider callback: revertCheckpoint`);
     return Promise.resolve(this.contractsDB.revertCheckpoint());
   };
-
-  /**
-   * Reconstruct ContractDeploymentData from plain msgpack-deserialized objects.
-   *
-   * msgpackr does not automatically apply extensions to nested fields, so we need to
-   * manually reconstruct ContractClassLog and PrivateLog instances with proper types.
-   *
-   * TODO(dbanks12): we really shouldn't have to do this.... We need to for now because
-   * msgpack deserialization doesn't give us actual typed objects, but rather just JSON.
-   * It would be easier if all types matched between languages (like AztecAddress which is just
-   * FF in C++).
-   */
-  private reconstructContractDeploymentData(rawData: any): ContractDeploymentData {
-    // Helper to ensure a value is an Fr instance
-    const toFr = (value: any): Fr => {
-      if (value instanceof Fr) {
-        return value;
-      }
-      if (Buffer.isBuffer(value)) {
-        return Fr.fromBuffer(value);
-      }
-      return new Fr(value);
-    };
-
-    // Reconstruct ContractClassLogs
-    const contractClassLogs = (rawData.contractClassLogs || []).map((log: any) => {
-      // Convert contractAddress to TS AztecAddress
-      const addressFr = toFr(log.contractAddress);
-      const address = AztecAddress.fromField(addressFr);
-
-      // Ensure all fields are Fr instances
-      const fields = (log.fields.fields || []).map((field: any) => toFr(field));
-
-      // Create proper ContractClassLog instance
-      return new ContractClassLog(address, new ContractClassLogFields(fields), log.emittedLength);
-    });
-
-    // Reconstruct PrivateLogs - ensure fields are Fr instances
-    const privateLogs = (rawData.privateLogs || []).map((log: any) => {
-      const fields = (log.fields || []).map((field: any) => toFr(field));
-      return new PrivateLog(fields as any, log.emittedLength);
-    });
-
-    return new ContractDeploymentData(contractClassLogs, privateLogs);
-  }
 }

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/cpp_public_tx_simulator.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import { type Logger, createLogger, logLevel } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
-import { avmSimulate } from '@aztec/native';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger, logLevel } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { sleep } from '@aztec/foundation/sleep';
+import { type CancellationToken, avmSimulate, cancelSimulation, createCancellationToken } from '@aztec/native';
 import { ProtocolContractsList } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
 import {
   AvmFastSimulationInputs,
@@ -33,15 +34,20 @@ import type {
  */
 export class CppPublicTxSimulator extends PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxSimulatorInterface {
   protected override log: Logger;
+  /** Current cancellation token for in-flight simulation. */
+  private cancellationToken?: CancellationToken;
+  /** Current simulation promise, used to wait for completion after cancellation. */
+  private simulationPromise?: Promise<Buffer>;
 
   constructor(
     merkleTree: MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
     contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
-    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config);
-    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:cpp_public_tx_simulator`);
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, undefined, bindings);
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:cpp_public_tx_simulator`, bindings);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -79,18 +85,39 @@ export class CppPublicTxSimulator extends PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxS
     );
 
     // Create contract provider for callbacks to TypeScript PublicContractsDB from C++
-    const contractProvider = new ContractProviderForCpp(this.contractsDB, this.globalVariables);
+    const contractProvider = new ContractProviderForCpp(this.contractsDB, this.globalVariables, this.bindings);
 
     // Serialize to msgpack and call the C++ simulator
     this.log.trace(`Serializing fast simulation inputs to msgpack...`);
     const inputBuffer = fastSimInputs.serializeWithMessagePack();
 
+    // Create cancellation token for this simulation
+    this.cancellationToken = createCancellationToken();
+
+    // Store the promise so cancel() can wait for it
+    this.log.debug(`Calling C++ simulator for tx ${txHash}`);
+    this.simulationPromise = avmSimulate(
+      inputBuffer,
+      contractProvider,
+      wsCppHandle,
+      logLevel,
+      // TODO: re-enable logging
+      undefined,
+      this.cancellationToken,
+    );
+
     let resultBuffer: Buffer;
     try {
-      this.log.debug(`Calling C++ simulator for tx ${txHash}`);
-      resultBuffer = await avmSimulate(inputBuffer, contractProvider, wsCppHandle, logLevel);
+      resultBuffer = await this.simulationPromise;
     } catch (error: any) {
+      // Check if this was a cancellation
+      if (error.message?.includes('Simulation cancelled')) {
+        throw new SimulationError(`C++ simulation cancelled`, []);
+      }
       throw new SimulationError(`C++ simulation failed: ${error.message}`, []);
+    } finally {
+      this.cancellationToken = undefined;
+      this.simulationPromise = undefined;
     }
 
     // If we've reached this point, C++ succeeded during simulation,
@@ -109,6 +136,33 @@ export class CppPublicTxSimulator extends PublicTxSimulator implements PublicTxS
 
     return cppResult;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Cancel the current simulation if one is in progress.
+   * This signals the C++ simulator to stop at the next opcode or before the next WorldState write.
+   * Safe to call even if no simulation is in progress.
+   *
+   * @param waitTimeoutMs - If provided, wait up to this many ms for the simulation to actually stop.
+   *                        This is important because C++ might be in the middle of a slow operation
+   *                        (e.g., pad_trees) and won't check the cancellation flag until it completes.
+   *                        Default timeout of 100ms after cancellation.
+   */
+  public async cancel(waitTimeoutMs: number = 100): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.cancellationToken) {
+      this.log.debug('Cancelling C++ simulation');
+      cancelSimulation(this.cancellationToken);
+    }
+
+    // Wait for the simulation to actually complete if not already done
+    if (this.simulationPromise) {
+      this.log.debug(`Waiting up to ${waitTimeoutMs}ms for C++ simulation to stop`);
+      await Promise.race([
+        this.simulationPromise.catch(() => {}), // Ignore rejection, just wait for completion
+        sleep(waitTimeoutMs),
+      ]);
+      this.log.debug('C++ simulation stopped or wait timed out');
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 export class MeasuredCppPublicTxSimulator extends CppPublicTxSimulator implements MeasuredPublicTxSimulatorInterface {
@@ -118,8 +172,9 @@ export class MeasuredCppPublicTxSimulator extends CppPublicTxSimulator implement
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     protected readonly metrics: ExecutorMetricsInterface,
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
-    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config);
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, bindings);
   }
 
   public override async simulate(tx: Tx, txLabel: string = 'unlabeledTx'): Promise<PublicTxResult> {
@@ -147,9 +202,10 @@ export class TelemetryCppPublicTxSimulator extends MeasuredCppPublicTxSimulator
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     telemetryClient: TelemetryClient = getTelemetryClient(),
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
     const metrics = new ExecutorMetrics(telemetryClient, 'CppPublicTxSimulator');
-    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, metrics, config);
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, metrics, config, bindings);
     this.tracer = metrics.tracer;
   }
 }

package/src/public/public_tx_simulator/cpp_public_tx_simulator_with_hinted_dbs.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { type Logger, createLogger, logLevel } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger, logLevel } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { avmSimulateWithHintedDbs } from '@aztec/native';
 import {
   AvmCircuitInputs,
@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ export class CppPublicTxSimulatorHintedDbs extends PublicTxSimulator implements
     contractsDB: PublicContractsDB,
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
-    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config);
-    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:cpp_public_tx_simulator_hinted_dbs`);
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, undefined, bindings);
+    this.log = createLogger(`simulator:cpp_public_tx_simulator_hinted_dbs`, bindings);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ export class CppPublicTxSimulatorHintedDbs extends PublicTxSimulator implements
     this.log.debug(`TS simulation succeeded for tx ${txHash}`);
 
     // Extract the full AvmCircuitInputs from the TS result
-    const avmCircuitInputs = new AvmCircuitInputs(tsResult.hints!, tsResult.publicInputs);
+    const avmCircuitInputs = new AvmCircuitInputs(tsResult.hints!, tsResult.publicInputs!);
 
     // Second, run C++ simulation with hinted DBs
     this.log.debug(`Running C++ simulation with hinted DBs for tx ${txHash}`);
@@ -115,8 +116,9 @@ export class MeasuredCppPublicTxSimulatorHintedDbs
     globalVariables: GlobalVariables,
     protected readonly metrics: ExecutorMetricsInterface,
     config?: Partial<PublicSimulatorConfig>,
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
-    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config);
+    super(merkleTree, contractsDB, globalVariables, config, bindings);
   }
 
   public override async simulate(tx: Tx, txLabel: string = 'unlabeledTx'): Promise<PublicTxResult> {