@aztec/pxe 0.0.1-commit.d431d1c → 0.0.1-commit.d939eb5aa

package/src/pxe.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { PrivateEventFilter } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
 import { BlockNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
 import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { SerialQueue } from '@aztec/foundation/queue';
 import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/abi';
 import type { AuthWitness } from '@aztec/stdlib/auth-witness';
 import type { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
-import { L2BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import type { L2TipsProvider } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import {
   CompleteAddress,
   type ContractInstanceWithAddress,
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import type {
   PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
 import {
+  BlockHeader,
   type ContractOverrides,
   type InTx,
   PrivateExecutionResult,
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ import {
   TxProfileResult,
   TxProvingResult,
   TxSimulationResult,
-  UtilitySimulationResult,
+  UtilityExecutionResult,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
 import { inspect } from 'util';
@@ -59,12 +60,15 @@ import {
   ContractFunctionSimulator,
   generateSimulatedProvingResult,
 } from './contract_function_simulator/contract_function_simulator.js';
-import { readCurrentClassId } from './contract_function_simulator/oracle/private_execution.js';
 import { ProxiedContractStoreFactory } from './contract_function_simulator/proxied_contract_data_source.js';
+import { displayDebugLogs } from './contract_logging.js';
+import { ContractSyncService } from './contract_sync/contract_sync_service.js';
+import { readCurrentClassId } from './contract_sync/helpers.js';
 import { PXEDebugUtils } from './debug/pxe_debug_utils.js';
 import { enrichPublicSimulationError, enrichSimulationError } from './error_enriching.js';
 import { PrivateEventFilterValidator } from './events/private_event_filter_validator.js';
 import { JobCoordinator } from './job_coordinator/job_coordinator.js';
+import { MessageContextService } from './messages/message_context_service.js';
 import {
   PrivateKernelExecutionProver,
   type PrivateKernelExecutionProverConfig,
@@ -85,6 +89,58 @@ export type PackedPrivateEvent = InTx & {
   eventSelector: EventSelector;
 };
 
+/** Options for PXE.profileTx. */
+export type ProfileTxOpts = {
+  /** The profiling mode to use. */
+  profileMode: 'full' | 'execution-steps' | 'gates';
+  /** If true, proof generation is skipped during profiling. Defaults to true. */
+  skipProofGeneration?: boolean;
+  /** Addresses whose private state and keys are accessible during private execution. */
+  scopes: AztecAddress[];
+};
+
+/** Options for PXE.simulateTx. */
+export type SimulateTxOpts = {
+  /** Whether to simulate the public part of the transaction. */
+  simulatePublic: boolean;
+  /** If false, this function throws if the transaction is unable to be included in a block at the current state. */
+  skipTxValidation?: boolean;
+  /** If false, fees are enforced. */
+  skipFeeEnforcement?: boolean;
+  /** If true, kernel logic is emulated in TS for simulation */
+  skipKernels?: boolean;
+  /** State overrides for the simulation, such as contract instances and artifacts. Requires skipKernels: true */
+  overrides?: SimulationOverrides;
+  /** Addresses whose private state and keys are accessible during private execution */
+  scopes: AztecAddress[];
+};
+
+/** Options for PXE.executeUtility. */
+export type ExecuteUtilityOpts = {
+  /** The authentication witnesses required for the function call. */
+  authwits?: AuthWitness[];
+  /** The accounts whose notes we can access in this call */
+  scopes: AztecAddress[];
+};
+
+/** Args for PXE.create. */
+export type PXECreateArgs = {
+  /** The Aztec node to connect to. */
+  node: AztecNode;
+  /** The key-value store for persisting PXE state. */
+  store: AztecAsyncKVStore;
+  /** The prover for generating private kernel proofs. */
+  proofCreator: PrivateKernelProver;
+  /** The circuit simulator for executing ACIR circuits. */
+  simulator: CircuitSimulator;
+  /** Provider for protocol contract artifacts and instances. */
+  protocolContractsProvider: ProtocolContractsProvider;
+  /** PXE configuration options. */
+  config: PXEConfig;
+  /** Optional logger instance or string suffix for the logger name. */
+  loggerOrSuffix?: string | Logger;
+};
+
 /**
  * Private eXecution Environment (PXE) is a library used by wallets to simulate private phase of transactions and to
  * manage private state of users.
@@ -92,6 +148,7 @@ export type PackedPrivateEvent = InTx & {
 export class PXE {
   private constructor(
     private node: AztecNode,
+    private db: AztecAsyncKVStore,
     private blockStateSynchronizer: BlockSynchronizer,
     private keyStore: KeyStore,
     private contractStore: ContractStore,
@@ -103,6 +160,9 @@ export class PXE {
     private recipientTaggingStore: RecipientTaggingStore,
     private addressStore: AddressStore,
     private privateEventStore: PrivateEventStore,
+    private contractSyncService: ContractSyncService,
+    private messageContextService: MessageContextService,
+    private l2TipsStore: L2TipsProvider,
     private simulator: CircuitSimulator,
     private proverEnabled: boolean,
     private proofCreator: PrivateKernelProver,
@@ -120,25 +180,31 @@ export class PXE {
    *
    * @returns A promise that resolves PXE is ready to be used.
    */
-  public static async create(
-    node: AztecNode,
-    store: AztecAsyncKVStore,
-    proofCreator: PrivateKernelProver,
-    simulator: CircuitSimulator,
-    protocolContractsProvider: ProtocolContractsProvider,
-    config: PXEConfig,
-    loggerOrSuffix?: string | Logger,
-  ) {
+  public static async create({
+    node,
+    store,
+    proofCreator,
+    simulator,
+    protocolContractsProvider,
+    config,
+    loggerOrSuffix,
+  }: PXECreateArgs) {
+    // Extract bindings from the logger, or use empty bindings if a string suffix is provided.
+    const bindings: LoggerBindings | undefined =
+      loggerOrSuffix && typeof loggerOrSuffix !== 'string' ? loggerOrSuffix.getBindings() : undefined;
+
     const log =
       !loggerOrSuffix || typeof loggerOrSuffix === 'string'
         ? createLogger(loggerOrSuffix ? `pxe:service:${loggerOrSuffix}` : `pxe:service`)
         : loggerOrSuffix;
 
-    const proverEnabled = !!config.proverEnabled;
+    const info = await node.getNodeInfo();
+
+    const proverEnabled = config.proverEnabled !== undefined ? config.proverEnabled : info.realProofs;
     const addressStore = new AddressStore(store);
     const privateEventStore = new PrivateEventStore(store);
     const contractStore = new ContractStore(store);
-    const noteStore = await NoteStore.create(store);
+    const noteStore = new NoteStore(store);
     const anchorBlockStore = new AnchorBlockStore(store);
     const senderTaggingStore = new SenderTaggingStore(store);
     const senderAddressBookStore = new SenderAddressBookStore(store);
@@ -146,6 +212,14 @@ export class PXE {
     const capsuleStore = new CapsuleStore(store);
     const keyStore = new KeyStore(store);
     const tipsStore = new L2TipsKVStore(store, 'pxe');
+    const contractSyncService = new ContractSyncService(
+      node,
+      contractStore,
+      noteStore,
+      createLogger('pxe:contract_sync', bindings),
+    );
+    const messageContextService = new MessageContextService(node);
+
     const synchronizer = new BlockSynchronizer(
       node,
       store,
@@ -153,19 +227,28 @@ export class PXE {
       noteStore,
       privateEventStore,
       tipsStore,
+      contractSyncService,
       config,
-      loggerOrSuffix,
+      bindings,
     );
 
-    const jobCoordinator = new JobCoordinator(store);
-    jobCoordinator.registerStores([capsuleStore, senderTaggingStore, recipientTaggingStore, privateEventStore]);
+    const jobCoordinator = new JobCoordinator(store, bindings);
+    jobCoordinator.registerStores([
+      capsuleStore,
+      senderTaggingStore,
+      recipientTaggingStore,
+      privateEventStore,
+      noteStore,
+      contractSyncService,
+    ]);
 
-    const debugUtils = new PXEDebugUtils(contractStore, noteStore);
+    const debugUtils = new PXEDebugUtils(contractSyncService, noteStore, synchronizer, anchorBlockStore);
 
     const jobQueue = new SerialQueue();
 
     const pxe = new PXE(
       node,
+      store,
       synchronizer,
       keyStore,
       contractStore,
@@ -177,6 +260,9 @@ export class PXE {
       recipientTaggingStore,
       addressStore,
       privateEventStore,
+      contractSyncService,
+      messageContextService,
+      tipsStore,
       simulator,
       proverEnabled,
       proofCreator,
@@ -187,12 +273,15 @@ export class PXE {
       debugUtils,
     );
 
-    debugUtils.setPXE(pxe);
+    debugUtils.setPXEHelpers(
+      pxe.#putInJobQueue.bind(pxe),
+      pxe.#getSimulatorForTx.bind(pxe),
+      pxe.#executeUtility.bind(pxe),
+    );
 
     pxe.jobQueue.start();
 
     await pxe.#registerProtocolContracts();
-    const info = await node.getNodeInfo();
     log.info(`Started PXE connected to chain ${info.l1ChainId} version ${info.rollupVersion}`);
     return pxe;
   }
@@ -202,20 +291,22 @@ export class PXE {
   #getSimulatorForTx(overrides?: { contracts?: ContractOverrides }) {
     const proxyContractStore = ProxiedContractStoreFactory.create(this.contractStore, overrides?.contracts);
 
-    return new ContractFunctionSimulator(
-      proxyContractStore,
-      this.noteStore,
-      this.keyStore,
-      this.addressStore,
-      BenchmarkedNodeFactory.create(this.node),
-      this.anchorBlockStore,
-      this.senderTaggingStore,
-      this.recipientTaggingStore,
-      this.senderAddressBookStore,
-      this.capsuleStore,
-      this.privateEventStore,
-      this.simulator,
-    );
+    return new ContractFunctionSimulator({
+      contractStore: proxyContractStore,
+      noteStore: this.noteStore,
+      keyStore: this.keyStore,
+      addressStore: this.addressStore,
+      aztecNode: BenchmarkedNodeFactory.create(this.node),
+      l2TipsStore: this.l2TipsStore,
+      senderTaggingStore: this.senderTaggingStore,
+      recipientTaggingStore: this.recipientTaggingStore,
+      senderAddressBookStore: this.senderAddressBookStore,
+      capsuleStore: this.capsuleStore,
+      privateEventStore: this.privateEventStore,
+      simulator: this.simulator,
+      contractSyncService: this.contractSyncService,
+      messageContextService: this.messageContextService,
+    });
   }
 
   #contextualizeError(err: Error, ...context: string[]): Error {
@@ -267,9 +358,8 @@ export class PXE {
   async #registerProtocolContracts() {
     const registered: Record<string, string> = {};
     for (const name of protocolContractNames) {
-      const { address, contractClass, instance, artifact } =
-        await this.protocolContractsProvider.getProtocolContractArtifact(name);
-      await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(contractClass.id, artifact);
+      const { address, instance, artifact } = await this.protocolContractsProvider.getProtocolContractArtifact(name);
+      await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(artifact);
       await this.contractStore.addContractInstance(instance);
       registered[name] = address.toString();
     }
@@ -281,7 +371,7 @@ export class PXE {
   async #executePrivate(
     contractFunctionSimulator: ContractFunctionSimulator,
     txRequest: TxExecutionRequest,
-    scopes: AztecAddress[] | undefined,
+    scopes: AztecAddress[],
     jobId: string,
   ): Promise<PrivateExecutionResult> {
     const { origin: contractAddress, functionSelector } = txRequest;
@@ -289,18 +379,23 @@ export class PXE {
     try {
       const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
 
-      const result = await contractFunctionSimulator.run(
-        txRequest,
+      await this.contractSyncService.ensureContractSynced(
         contractAddress,
         functionSelector,
-        undefined,
+        (privateSyncCall, execScopes) =>
+          this.#executeUtility(contractFunctionSimulator, privateSyncCall, [], execScopes, jobId),
         anchorBlockHeader,
-        // The sender for tags is set by contracts, typically by an account
-        // contract entrypoint
-        undefined, // senderForTags
-        scopes,
         jobId,
+        scopes,
       );
+
+      const result = await contractFunctionSimulator.run(txRequest, {
+        contractAddress,
+        selector: functionSelector,
+        anchorBlockHeader,
+        scopes,
+        jobId,
+      });
       this.log.debug(`Private simulation completed for ${contractAddress.toString()}:${functionSelector}`);
       return result;
     } catch (err) {
@@ -312,25 +407,32 @@ export class PXE {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Simulate a utility function call on the given contract.
+   * Execute a utility function call on the given contract.
    * @param contractFunctionSimulator - The simulator to use for the function call.
    * @param call - The function call to execute.
    * @param authWitnesses - Authentication witnesses required for the function call.
    * @param scopes - Optional array of account addresses whose notes can be accessed in this call. Defaults to all
    * accounts if not specified.
    * @param jobId - The job ID for staged writes.
-   * @returns The simulation result containing the outputs of the utility function.
+   * @returns The execution result containing the outputs of the utility function.
    */
-  async #simulateUtility(
+  async #executeUtility(
     contractFunctionSimulator: ContractFunctionSimulator,
     call: FunctionCall,
     authWitnesses: AuthWitness[] | undefined,
-    scopes: AztecAddress[] | undefined,
+    scopes: AztecAddress[],
     jobId: string,
   ) {
     try {
       const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
-      return contractFunctionSimulator.runUtility(call, authWitnesses ?? [], anchorBlockHeader, scopes, jobId);
+      const { result, offchainEffects } = await contractFunctionSimulator.runUtility(
+        call,
+        authWitnesses ?? [],
+        anchorBlockHeader,
+        scopes,
+        jobId,
+      );
+      return { result, offchainEffects };
     } catch (err) {
       if (err instanceof SimulationError) {
         await enrichSimulationError(err, this.contractStore, this.log);
@@ -384,15 +486,35 @@ export class PXE {
     config: PrivateKernelExecutionProverConfig,
   ): Promise<PrivateKernelExecutionProofOutput<PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs>> {
     const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
-    const anchorBlockHash = L2BlockHash.fromField(await anchorBlockHeader.hash());
+    const anchorBlockHash = await anchorBlockHeader.hash();
     const kernelOracle = new PrivateKernelOracle(this.contractStore, this.keyStore, this.node, anchorBlockHash);
-    const kernelTraceProver = new PrivateKernelExecutionProver(kernelOracle, proofCreator, !this.proverEnabled);
+    const kernelTraceProver = new PrivateKernelExecutionProver(
+      kernelOracle,
+      proofCreator,
+      !this.proverEnabled,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
+    );
     this.log.debug(`Executing kernel trace prover (${JSON.stringify(config)})...`);
     return await kernelTraceProver.proveWithKernels(txExecutionRequest.toTxRequest(), privateExecutionResult, config);
   }
 
   // Public API
 
+  /**
+   * Returns the block header up to which the PXE has synced.
+   * @returns The synced block header
+   */
+  public getSyncedBlockHeader(): Promise<BlockHeader> {
+    return this.#putInJobQueue(() => {
+      return this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the contract instance for a given address, if it's registered in the PXE.
+   * @param address - The contract address.
+   * @returns The contract instance if found, undefined otherwise.
+   */
   public getContractInstance(address: AztecAddress): Promise<ContractInstanceWithAddress | undefined> {
     return this.contractStore.getContractInstance(address);
   }
@@ -428,7 +550,6 @@ export class PXE {
     }
 
     await this.addressStore.addCompleteAddress(accountCompleteAddress);
-    await this.noteStore.addScope(accountCompleteAddress.address);
     return accountCompleteAddress;
   }
 
@@ -443,6 +564,12 @@ export class PXE {
    * TODO: It's strange that we return the address here and I (benesjan) think we should drop the return value.
    */
   public async registerSender(sender: AztecAddress): Promise<AztecAddress> {
+    if (!(await sender.isValid())) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Address ${sender} is not valid: it does not correspond to a point on the Grumpkin curve. Cannot register it as a sender.`,
+      );
+    }
+
     const accounts = await this.keyStore.getAccounts();
     if (accounts.includes(sender)) {
       this.log.info(`Sender:\n "${sender.toString()}"\n already registered.`);
@@ -453,6 +580,9 @@ export class PXE {
 
     if (wasAdded) {
       this.log.info(`Added sender:\n ${sender.toString()}`);
+      // Wipe the entire sync cache: the new sender's tagged logs could contain notes/events for any contract, so
+      // all contracts must re-sync to discover them.
+      this.contractSyncService.wipe();
     } else {
       this.log.info(`Sender:\n "${sender.toString()}"\n already registered.`);
     }
@@ -502,8 +632,7 @@ export class PXE {
    * @param artifact - The build artifact for the contract class.
    */
   public async registerContractClass(artifact: ContractArtifact): Promise<void> {
-    const { id: contractClassId } = await getContractClassFromArtifact(artifact);
-    await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(contractClassId, artifact);
+    const contractClassId = await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(artifact);
     this.log.info(`Added contract class ${artifact.name} with id ${contractClassId}`);
   }
 
@@ -522,17 +651,17 @@ export class PXE {
     if (artifact) {
       // If the user provides an artifact, validate it against the expected class id and register it
       const contractClass = await getContractClassFromArtifact(artifact);
-      const contractClassId = contractClass.id;
-      if (!contractClassId.equals(instance.currentContractClassId)) {
+      if (!contractClass.id.equals(instance.currentContractClassId)) {
         throw new Error(
-          `Artifact does not match expected class id (computed ${contractClassId} but instance refers to ${instance.currentContractClassId})`,
+          `Artifact does not match expected class id (computed ${contractClass.id} but instance refers to ${instance.currentContractClassId})`,
         );
       }
       const computedAddress = await computeContractAddressFromInstance(instance);
       if (!computedAddress.equals(instance.address)) {
         throw new Error('Added a contract in which the address does not match the contract instance.');
       }
-      await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(contractClass.id, artifact);
+
+      await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(artifact, contractClass);
 
       const publicFunctionSignatures = artifact.functions
         .filter(fn => fn.functionType === FunctionType.PUBLIC)
@@ -581,15 +710,16 @@ export class PXE {
         throw new Error('Could not update contract to a class different from the current one.');
       }
 
-      await this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(contractClass.id, artifact);
-
       const publicFunctionSignatures = artifact.functions
         .filter(fn => fn.functionType === FunctionType.PUBLIC)
         .map(fn => decodeFunctionSignature(fn.name, fn.parameters));
       await this.node.registerContractFunctionSignatures(publicFunctionSignatures);
 
       currentInstance.currentContractClassId = contractClass.id;
-      await this.contractStore.addContractInstance(currentInstance);
+      await Promise.all([
+        this.contractStore.addContractArtifact(artifact, contractClass),
+        this.contractStore.addContractInstance(currentInstance),
+      ]);
       this.log.info(`Updated contract ${artifact.name} at ${contractAddress.toString()} to class ${contractClass.id}`);
     });
   }
@@ -607,11 +737,12 @@ export class PXE {
    * (where validators prove the public portion).
    *
    * @param txRequest - An authenticated tx request ready for proving
+   * @param scopes - Addresses whose private state and keys are accessible during private execution.
    * @returns A result containing the proof and public inputs of the tail circuit.
    * @throws If contract code not found, or public simulation reverts.
    * Also throws if simulatePublic is true and public simulation reverts.
    */
-  public proveTx(txRequest: TxExecutionRequest): Promise<TxProvingResult> {
+  public proveTx(txRequest: TxExecutionRequest, scopes: AztecAddress[]): Promise<TxProvingResult> {
     let privateExecutionResult: PrivateExecutionResult;
     // We disable proving concurrently mostly out of caution, since it accesses some of our stores. Proving is so
     // computationally demanding that it'd be rare for someone to try to do it concurrently regardless.
@@ -622,7 +753,7 @@ export class PXE {
         await this.blockStateSynchronizer.sync();
         const syncTime = syncTimer.ms();
         const contractFunctionSimulator = this.#getSimulatorForTx();
-        privateExecutionResult = await this.#executePrivate(contractFunctionSimulator, txRequest, undefined, jobId);
+        privateExecutionResult = await this.#executePrivate(contractFunctionSimulator, txRequest, scopes, jobId);
 
         const {
           publicInputs,
@@ -664,17 +795,17 @@ export class PXE {
         // transaction before this one is included in a block from this PXE, and that transaction contains a log with
         // a tag derived from the same secret, we would reuse the tag and the transactions would be linked. Hence
         // storing the tags here prevents linkage of txs sent from the same PXE.
-        const preTagsUsedInTheTx = privateExecutionResult.entrypoint.preTags;
-        if (preTagsUsedInTheTx.length > 0) {
+        const taggingIndexRangesUsedInTheTx = privateExecutionResult.entrypoint.taggingIndexRanges;
+        if (taggingIndexRangesUsedInTheTx.length > 0) {
           // TODO(benesjan): The following is an expensive operation. Figure out a way to avoid it.
           const txHash = (await txProvingResult.toTx()).txHash;
 
-          await this.senderTaggingStore.storePendingIndexes(preTagsUsedInTheTx, txHash, jobId);
-          this.log.debug(`Stored used pre-tags as sender for the tx`, {
-            preTagsUsedInTheTx,
+          await this.senderTaggingStore.storePendingIndexes(taggingIndexRangesUsedInTheTx, txHash, jobId);
+          this.log.debug(`Stored used tagging index ranges as sender for the tx`, {
+            taggingIndexRangesUsedInTheTx,
           });
         } else {
-          this.log.debug(`No pre-tags used in the tx`);
+          this.log.debug(`No tagging index ranges used in the tx`);
         }
 
         return txProvingResult;
@@ -686,17 +817,13 @@ export class PXE {
 
   /**
    * Profiles a transaction, reporting gate counts (unless disabled) and returns an execution trace.
-   *
-   * @param txRequest - An authenticated tx request ready for simulation
-   * @param msgSender - (Optional) The message sender to use for the simulation.
-   * @param skipTxValidation - (Optional) If false, this function throws if the transaction is unable to be included in a block at the current state.
+   * @param txRequest - An authenticated tx request ready for simulation.
    * @returns A trace of the program execution with gate counts.
    * @throws If the code for the functions executed in this transaction have not been made available via `addContracts`.
    */
   public profileTx(
     txRequest: TxExecutionRequest,
-    profileMode: 'full' | 'execution-steps' | 'gates',
-    skipProofGeneration: boolean = true,
+    { profileMode, skipProofGeneration = true, scopes }: ProfileTxOpts,
   ): Promise<TxProfileResult> {
     // We disable concurrent profiles for consistency with simulateTx.
     return this.#putInJobQueue(async jobId => {
@@ -719,12 +846,7 @@ export class PXE {
         const syncTime = syncTimer.ms();
 
         const contractFunctionSimulator = this.#getSimulatorForTx();
-        const privateExecutionResult = await this.#executePrivate(
-          contractFunctionSimulator,
-          txRequest,
-          undefined,
-          jobId,
-        );
+        const privateExecutionResult = await this.#executePrivate(contractFunctionSimulator, txRequest, scopes, jobId);
 
         const { executionSteps, timings: { proving } = {} } = await this.#prove(
           txRequest,
@@ -781,12 +903,7 @@ export class PXE {
    * In that case, the transaction returned is only potentially ready to be sent to the network for execution.
    *
    *
-   * @param txRequest - An authenticated tx request ready for simulation
-   * @param simulatePublic - Whether to simulate the public part of the transaction.
-   * @param skipTxValidation - (Optional) If false, this function throws if the transaction is unable to be included in a block at the current state.
-   * @param skipFeeEnforcement - (Optional) If false, fees are enforced.
-   * @param overrides - (Optional) State overrides for the simulation, such as msgSender, contract instances and artifacts.
-   * @param scopes - (Optional) The accounts whose notes we can access in this call. Currently optional and will default to all.
+   * @param txRequest - An authenticated tx request ready for simulation.
    * @returns A simulated transaction result object that includes public and private return values.
    * @throws If the code for the functions executed in this transaction have not been made available via `addContracts`.
    * Also throws if simulatePublic is true and public simulation reverts.
@@ -795,11 +912,14 @@ export class PXE {
    */
   public simulateTx(
     txRequest: TxExecutionRequest,
-    simulatePublic: boolean,
-    skipTxValidation: boolean = false,
-    skipFeeEnforcement: boolean = false,
-    overrides?: SimulationOverrides,
-    scopes?: AztecAddress[],
+    {
+      simulatePublic,
+      skipTxValidation = false,
+      skipFeeEnforcement = false,
+      skipKernels = true,
+      overrides,
+      scopes,
+    }: SimulateTxOpts,
   ): Promise<TxSimulationResult> {
     // We disable concurrent simulations since those might execute oracles which read and write to the PXE stores (e.g.
     // to the capsules), and we need to prevent concurrent runs from interfering with one another (e.g. attempting to
@@ -823,11 +943,21 @@ export class PXE {
         await this.blockStateSynchronizer.sync();
         const syncTime = syncTimer.ms();
 
+        const overriddenContracts = overrides?.contracts ? new Set(Object.keys(overrides.contracts)) : undefined;
+        const hasOverriddenContracts = overriddenContracts !== undefined && overriddenContracts.size > 0;
+
+        if (hasOverriddenContracts && !skipKernels) {
+          throw new Error(
+            'Simulating with overridden contracts is not compatible with kernel execution. Please set skipKernels to true when simulating with overridden contracts.',
+          );
+        }
         const contractFunctionSimulator = this.#getSimulatorForTx(overrides);
-        // Temporary: in case there are overrides, we have to skip the kernels or validations
-        // will fail. Consider handing control to the user/wallet on whether they want to run them
-        // or not.
-        const skipKernels = overrides?.contracts !== undefined && Object.keys(overrides.contracts ?? {}).length > 0;
+
+        if (hasOverriddenContracts) {
+          // Overridden contracts don't have a sync function, so calling sync on them would fail.
+          // We exclude them so the sync service skips them entirely.
+          this.contractSyncService.setExcludedFromSync(jobId, overriddenContracts);
+        }
 
         // Execution of private functions only; no proving, and no kernel logic.
         const privateExecutionResult = await this.#executePrivate(contractFunctionSimulator, txRequest, scopes, jobId);
@@ -838,7 +968,8 @@ export class PXE {
         if (skipKernels) {
           ({ publicInputs, executionSteps } = await generateSimulatedProvingResult(
             privateExecutionResult,
-            this.contractStore,
+            (addr, sel) => this.contractStore.getDebugFunctionName(addr, sel),
+            this.node,
           ));
         } else {
           // Kernel logic, plus proving of all private functions and kernels.
@@ -857,6 +988,9 @@ export class PXE {
           const publicSimulationTimer = new Timer();
           publicOutput = await this.#simulatePublicCalls(simulatedTx, skipFeeEnforcement);
           publicSimulationTime = publicSimulationTimer.ms();
+          if (publicOutput?.debugLogs?.length) {
+            await displayDebugLogs(publicOutput.debugLogs, addr => this.contractStore.getDebugContractName(addr));
+          }
         }
 
         let validationTime: number | undefined;
@@ -865,7 +999,8 @@ export class PXE {
           const validationResult = await this.node.isValidTx(simulatedTx, { isSimulation: true, skipFeeEnforcement });
           validationTime = validationTimer.ms();
           if (validationResult.result === 'invalid') {
-            throw new Error('The simulated transaction is unable to be added to state and is invalid.');
+            const reason = validationResult.reason.length > 0 ? ` Reason: ${validationResult.reason.join(', ')}` : '';
+            throw new Error(`The simulated transaction is unable to be added to state and is invalid.${reason}`);
           }
         }
 
@@ -916,29 +1051,23 @@ export class PXE {
           inspect(txRequest),
           `simulatePublic=${simulatePublic}`,
           `skipTxValidation=${skipTxValidation}`,
-          `scopes=${scopes?.map(s => s.toString()).join(', ') ?? 'undefined'}`,
+          `scopes=${scopes.map(s => s.toString()).join(', ')}`,
         );
       }
     });
   }
 
   /**
-   * Simulate the execution of a contract utility function.
-   *
+   * Executes a contract utility function.
    * @param call - The function call containing the function details, arguments, and target contract address.
-   * @param authwits - (Optional) The authentication witnesses required for the function call.
-   * @param scopes - (Optional) The accounts whose notes we can access in this call. Currently optional and will
-   * default to all.
-   * @returns The result of the utility function call, structured based on the function ABI.
    */
-  public simulateUtility(
+  public executeUtility(
     call: FunctionCall,
-    authwits?: AuthWitness[],
-    scopes?: AztecAddress[],
-  ): Promise<UtilitySimulationResult> {
-    // We disable concurrent simulations since those might execute oracles which read and write to the PXE stores (e.g.
+    { authwits, scopes }: ExecuteUtilityOpts = { scopes: [] },
+  ): Promise<UtilityExecutionResult> {
+    // We disable concurrent executions since those might execute oracles which read and write to the PXE stores (e.g.
     // to the capsules), and we need to prevent concurrent runs from interfering with one another (e.g. attempting to
-    // delete the same read value, or reading values that another simulation is currently modifying).
+    // delete the same read value, or reading values that another execution is currently modifying).
     return this.#putInJobQueue(async jobId => {
       try {
         const totalTimer = new Timer();
@@ -948,11 +1077,18 @@ export class PXE {
         const functionTimer = new Timer();
         const contractFunctionSimulator = this.#getSimulatorForTx();
 
-        await this.contractStore.syncPrivateState(call.to, call.selector, privateSyncCall =>
-          this.#simulateUtility(contractFunctionSimulator, privateSyncCall, [], undefined, jobId),
+        const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
+        await this.contractSyncService.ensureContractSynced(
+          call.to,
+          call.selector,
+          (privateSyncCall, execScopes) =>
+            this.#executeUtility(contractFunctionSimulator, privateSyncCall, [], execScopes, jobId),
+          anchorBlockHeader,
+          jobId,
+          scopes,
         );
 
-        const executionResult = await this.#simulateUtility(
+        const { result: executionResult, offchainEffects } = await this.#executeUtility(
           contractFunctionSimulator,
           call,
           authwits ?? [],
@@ -973,14 +1109,19 @@ export class PXE {
         };
 
         const simulationStats = contractFunctionSimulator.getStats();
-        return { result: executionResult, stats: { timings, nodeRPCCalls: simulationStats.nodeRPCCalls } };
+        return {
+          result: executionResult,
+          offchainEffects,
+          anchorBlockTimestamp: anchorBlockHeader.globalVariables.timestamp,
+          stats: { timings, nodeRPCCalls: simulationStats.nodeRPCCalls },
+        };
       } catch (err: any) {
         const { to, name, args } = call;
         const stringifiedArgs = args.map(arg => arg.toString()).join(', ');
         throw this.#contextualizeError(
           err,
-          `simulateUtility ${to}:${name}(${stringifiedArgs})`,
-          `scopes=${scopes?.map(s => s.toString()).join(', ') ?? 'undefined'}`,
+          `executeUtility ${to}:${name}(${stringifiedArgs})`,
+          `scopes=${scopes.map(s => s.toString()).join(', ')}`,
         );
       }
     });
@@ -1008,15 +1149,19 @@ export class PXE {
     await this.#putInJobQueue(async jobId => {
       await this.blockStateSynchronizer.sync();
 
-      anchorBlockNumber = (await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader()).getBlockNumber();
+      const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
+      anchorBlockNumber = anchorBlockHeader.getBlockNumber();
 
       const contractFunctionSimulator = this.#getSimulatorForTx();
 
-      await this.contractStore.syncPrivateState(
+      await this.contractSyncService.ensureContractSynced(
         filter.contractAddress,
         null,
-        async privateSyncCall =>
-          await this.#simulateUtility(contractFunctionSimulator, privateSyncCall, [], undefined, jobId),
+        async (privateSyncCall, execScopes) =>
+          await this.#executeUtility(contractFunctionSimulator, privateSyncCall, [], execScopes, jobId),
+        anchorBlockHeader,
+        jobId,
+        filter.scopes,
       );
     });
 
@@ -1031,9 +1176,10 @@ export class PXE {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Stops the PXE's job queue.
+   * Stops the PXE's job queue and closes the backing store.
    */
-  public stop(): Promise<void> {
-    return this.jobQueue.end();
+  public async stop(): Promise<void> {
+    await this.jobQueue.end();
+    await this.db.close();
   }
 }