@aztec/pxe 0.0.1-commit.2ed92850 → 0.0.1-commit.54489865

package/src/contract_function_simulator/oracle/utility_execution_oracle.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type { MembershipWitness } from '@aztec/foundation/trees';
 import type { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
 import type { AuthWitness } from '@aztec/stdlib/auth-witness';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
-import { L2BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import { BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import type { CompleteAddress, ContractInstance } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
 import { siloNullifier } from '@aztec/stdlib/hash';
 import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * @returns The membership witness containing the leaf index and sibling path
    */
   public utilityGetNoteHashMembershipWitness(
-    blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    blockHash: BlockHash,
     leafValue: Fr,
   ): Promise<MembershipWitness<typeof NOTE_HASH_TREE_HEIGHT> | undefined> {
     return this.aztecNode.getNoteHashMembershipWitness(blockHash, leafValue);
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * @returns The membership witness containing the leaf index and sibling path
    */
   public utilityGetArchiveMembershipWitness(
-    blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    blockHash: BlockHash,
     leafValue: Fr,
   ): Promise<MembershipWitness<typeof ARCHIVE_HEIGHT> | undefined> {
     return this.aztecNode.getArchiveMembershipWitness(blockHash, leafValue);
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * @returns The nullifier membership witness (if found).
    */
   public utilityGetNullifierMembershipWitness(
-    blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    blockHash: BlockHash,
     nullifier: Fr,
   ): Promise<NullifierMembershipWitness | undefined> {
     return this.aztecNode.getNullifierMembershipWitness(blockHash, nullifier);
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * we are trying to prove non-inclusion for.
    */
   public utilityGetLowNullifierMembershipWitness(
-    blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    blockHash: BlockHash,
     nullifier: Fr,
   ): Promise<NullifierMembershipWitness | undefined> {
     return this.aztecNode.getLowNullifierMembershipWitness(blockHash, nullifier);
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * @param leafSlot - The slot of the public data tree to get the witness for.
    * @returns - The witness
    */
-  public utilityGetPublicDataWitness(blockHash: L2BlockHash, leafSlot: Fr): Promise<PublicDataWitness | undefined> {
+  public utilityGetPublicDataWitness(blockHash: BlockHash, leafSlot: Fr): Promise<PublicDataWitness | undefined> {
     return this.aztecNode.getPublicDataWitness(blockHash, leafSlot);
   }
 
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
    * @param numberOfElements - Number of elements to read from the starting storage slot.
    */
   public async utilityStorageRead(
-    blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    blockHash: BlockHash,
     contractAddress: AztecAddress,
     startStorageSlot: Fr,
     numberOfElements: number,
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
       this.senderAddressBookStore,
       this.addressStore,
       this.jobId,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
     );
 
     const noteService = new NoteService(this.noteStore, this.aztecNode, this.anchorBlockStore, this.jobId);
@@ -461,6 +462,7 @@ export class UtilityExecutionOracle implements IMiscOracle, IUtilityExecutionOra
       this.senderAddressBookStore,
       this.addressStore,
       this.jobId,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
     );
 
     const maybeLogRetrievalResponses = await logService.bulkRetrieveLogs(logRetrievalRequests);

package/src/debug/pxe_debug_utils.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 import { randomBytes } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/random';
 import type { NoteDao, NotesFilter } from '@aztec/stdlib/note';
+import type { BlockHeader } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
+import type { BlockSynchronizer } from '../block_synchronizer/block_synchronizer.js';
 import type { PXE } from '../pxe.js';
 import type { ContractStore } from '../storage/contract_store/contract_store.js';
+import type { AnchorBlockStore } from '../storage/index.js';
 import type { NoteStore } from '../storage/note_store/note_store.js';
 
 /**
@@ -10,18 +13,20 @@ import type { NoteStore } from '../storage/note_store/note_store.js';
  * No backwards compatibility or API stability should be expected. Use at your own risk.
  */
 export class PXEDebugUtils {
-  #pxe: PXE | undefined = undefined;
+  #pxe!: PXE;
+  #putJobInQueue!: <T>(job: (jobId: string) => Promise<T>) => Promise<T>;
 
   constructor(
     private contractStore: ContractStore,
     private noteStore: NoteStore,
+    private blockStateSynchronizer: BlockSynchronizer,
+    private anchorBlockStore: AnchorBlockStore,
   ) {}
 
-  /**
-   * Not injected through constructor since they're are co-dependant.
-   */
-  public setPXE(pxe: PXE) {
+  /** Not injected through constructor since they're are co-dependant */
+  public setPXE(pxe: PXE, putJobInQueue: <T>(job: (jobId: string) => Promise<T>) => Promise<T>) {
     this.#pxe = pxe;
+    this.#putJobInQueue = putJobInQueue;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -36,14 +41,23 @@ export class PXEDebugUtils {
    * @returns The requested notes.
    */
   public async getNotes(filter: NotesFilter): Promise<NoteDao[]> {
-    if (!this.#pxe) {
-      throw new Error('Cannot getNotes because no PXE is set');
-    }
-
     // We need to manually trigger private state sync to have a guarantee that all the notes are available.
     const call = await this.contractStore.getFunctionCall('sync_state', [], filter.contractAddress);
     await this.#pxe.simulateUtility(call);
 
     return this.noteStore.getNotes(filter, randomBytes(8).toString('hex'));
   }
+
+  /** Returns the block header up to which the PXE has synced. */
+  public getSyncedBlockHeader(): Promise<BlockHeader> {
+    return this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Triggers a sync of the PXE with the node.
+   * Blocks until the sync is complete.
+   */
+  public sync(): Promise<void> {
+    return this.#putJobInQueue(() => this.blockStateSynchronizer.sync());
+  }
 }

package/src/entrypoints/client/bundle/utils.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { BBPrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client';
 import { BBBundlePrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client/bundle';
-import { randomBytes } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/random';
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { createStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/indexeddb';
 import { BundledProtocolContractsProvider } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts/providers/bundle';
@@ -26,13 +25,7 @@ export async function createPXE(
   config: PXEConfig,
   options: PXECreationOptions = { loggers: {} },
 ) {
-  const logSuffix =
-    typeof options.useLogSuffix === 'boolean'
-      ? options.useLogSuffix
-        ? randomBytes(3).toString('hex')
-        : undefined
-      : options.useLogSuffix;
-
+  const actor = options.loggerActorLabel;
   const loggers = options.loggers ?? {};
 
   const l1Contracts = await aztecNode.getL1ContractAddresses();
@@ -41,14 +34,12 @@ export async function createPXE(
     l1Contracts,
   } as PXEConfig;
 
-  const storeLogger = loggers.store ? loggers.store : createLogger('pxe:data:idb' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const storeLogger = loggers.store ?? createLogger('pxe:data:idb', { actor });
 
   const store = options.store ?? (await createStore('pxe_data', configWithContracts, storeLogger));
 
   const simulator = options.simulator ?? new WASMSimulator();
-  const proverLogger = loggers.prover
-    ? loggers.prover
-    : createLogger('pxe:bb:wasm:bundle' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const proverLogger = loggers.prover ?? createLogger('pxe:bb:wasm:bundle', { actor });
 
   let prover;
   if (options.proverOrOptions instanceof BBPrivateKernelProver) {
@@ -58,7 +49,7 @@ export async function createPXE(
   }
   const protocolContractsProvider = new BundledProtocolContractsProvider();
 
-  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ? loggers.pxe : createLogger('pxe:service' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ?? createLogger('pxe:service', { actor });
   const pxe = await PXE.create(aztecNode, store, prover, simulator, protocolContractsProvider, config, pxeLogger);
   return pxe;
 }

package/src/entrypoints/client/lazy/utils.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { BBPrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client';
 import { BBLazyPrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client/lazy';
-import { randomBytes } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/random';
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { createStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/indexeddb';
 import { LazyProtocolContractsProvider } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts/providers/lazy';
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ import type { PXECreationOptions } from '../../pxe_creation_options.js';
  *
  * @param aztecNode - The AztecNode instance to be used by the server.
  * @param config - The PXE Config to use
- * @param
+ * @param options - (Optional) Optional information for creating an PXE.
  * @returns A Promise that resolves to the started PXE instance.
  */
 export async function createPXE(
@@ -25,12 +24,7 @@ export async function createPXE(
   config: PXEConfig,
   options: PXECreationOptions = { loggers: {} },
 ) {
-  const logSuffix =
-    typeof options.useLogSuffix === 'boolean'
-      ? options.useLogSuffix
-        ? randomBytes(3).toString('hex')
-        : undefined
-      : options.useLogSuffix;
+  const actor = options.loggerActorLabel;
 
   const l1Contracts = await aztecNode.getL1ContractAddresses();
   const configWithContracts = {
@@ -40,14 +34,12 @@ export async function createPXE(
 
   const loggers = options.loggers ?? {};
 
-  const storeLogger = loggers.store ? loggers.store : createLogger('pxe:data:idb' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const storeLogger = loggers.store ?? createLogger('pxe:data:idb', { actor });
 
   const store = options.store ?? (await createStore('pxe_data', configWithContracts, storeLogger));
 
   const simulator = options.simulator ?? new WASMSimulator();
-  const proverLogger = loggers.prover
-    ? loggers.prover
-    : createLogger('pxe:bb:wasm:bundle' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const proverLogger = loggers.prover ?? createLogger('pxe:bb:wasm:bundle', { actor });
 
   let prover;
   if (options.proverOrOptions instanceof BBPrivateKernelProver) {
@@ -57,7 +49,7 @@ export async function createPXE(
   }
   const protocolContractsProvider = new LazyProtocolContractsProvider();
 
-  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ? loggers.pxe : createLogger('pxe:service' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ?? createLogger('pxe:service', { actor });
   const pxe = await PXE.create(aztecNode, store, prover, simulator, protocolContractsProvider, config, pxeLogger);
   return pxe;
 }

package/src/entrypoints/pxe_creation_options.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ import type { PrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
 
 export type PXECreationOptions = {
   loggers?: { store?: Logger; pxe?: Logger; prover?: Logger };
-  useLogSuffix?: boolean | string;
+  /** Actor label to include in log output (e.g., 'pxe-0', 'pxe-test'). */
+  loggerActorLabel?: string;
   proverOrOptions?: PrivateKernelProver | BBPrivateKernelProverOptions;
   store?: AztecAsyncKVStore;
   simulator?: CircuitSimulator;

package/src/entrypoints/server/utils.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { BBPrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client';
 import { BBBundlePrivateKernelProver } from '@aztec/bb-prover/client/bundle';
-import { randomBytes } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/random';
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { createStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/lmdb-v2';
 import { BundledProtocolContractsProvider } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts/providers/bundle';
@@ -20,17 +19,13 @@ export async function createPXE(
   config: PXEConfigWithoutDefaults,
   options: PXECreationOptions = { loggers: {} },
 ) {
+  const actor = options.loggerActorLabel;
+  const recorderLogger = createLogger('simulator:acvm:recording', { actor });
   const recorder = process.env.CIRCUIT_RECORD_DIR
-    ? new FileCircuitRecorder(process.env.CIRCUIT_RECORD_DIR)
-    : new MemoryCircuitRecorder();
-  const simulator = new SimulatorRecorderWrapper(new WASMSimulator(), recorder);
-
-  const logSuffix =
-    typeof options.useLogSuffix === 'boolean'
-      ? options.useLogSuffix
-        ? randomBytes(3).toString('hex')
-        : undefined
-      : options.useLogSuffix;
+    ? new FileCircuitRecorder(process.env.CIRCUIT_RECORD_DIR, recorderLogger)
+    : new MemoryCircuitRecorder(recorderLogger);
+  const simulatorLogger = createLogger('wasm-simulator', { actor });
+  const simulator = new SimulatorRecorderWrapper(new WASMSimulator(simulatorLogger), recorder);
   const loggers = options.loggers ?? {};
 
   const { l1ChainId, l1ContractAddresses: l1Contracts, rollupVersion } = await aztecNode.getNodeInfo();
@@ -43,14 +38,15 @@ export async function createPXE(
   };
 
   if (!options.store) {
-    const storeLogger = loggers.store
-      ? loggers.store
-      : createLogger('pxe:data:lmdb' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
-    options.store = await createStore('pxe_data', PXE_DATA_SCHEMA_VERSION, configWithContracts, storeLogger);
+    const storeLogger = loggers.store ?? createLogger('pxe:data:lmdb', { actor });
+    options.store = await createStore(
+      'pxe_data',
+      PXE_DATA_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+      configWithContracts,
+      storeLogger.getBindings(),
+    );
   }
-  const proverLogger = loggers.prover
-    ? loggers.prover
-    : createLogger('pxe:bb:native' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const proverLogger = loggers.prover ?? createLogger('pxe:bb:native', { actor });
 
   let prover;
   if (options.proverOrOptions instanceof BBPrivateKernelProver) {
@@ -61,7 +57,7 @@ export async function createPXE(
 
   const protocolContractsProvider = new BundledProtocolContractsProvider();
 
-  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ? loggers.pxe : createLogger('pxe:service' + (logSuffix ? `:${logSuffix}` : ''));
+  const pxeLogger = loggers.pxe ?? createLogger('pxe:service', { actor });
   const pxe = await PXE.create(
     aztecNode,
     options.store,

package/src/job_coordinator/job_coordinator.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { randomBytes } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/random';
-import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import type { AztecAsyncKVStore } from '@aztec/kv-store';
 
 /**
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export interface StagedStore {
  * using a job queue with concurrency=1.
  */
 export class JobCoordinator {
-  private readonly log = createLogger('pxe:job_coordinator');
+  private readonly log: Logger;
 
   /** The underlying KV store */
   kvStore: AztecAsyncKVStore;
@@ -48,8 +48,9 @@ export class JobCoordinator {
   #currentJobId: string | undefined;
   #stores: Map<string, StagedStore> = new Map();
 
-  constructor(kvStore: AztecAsyncKVStore) {
+  constructor(kvStore: AztecAsyncKVStore, bindings?: LoggerBindings) {
     this.kvStore = kvStore;
+    this.log = createLogger('pxe:job_coordinator', bindings);
   }
 
   /**

package/src/logs/log_service.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
-import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import type { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
 import type { CompleteAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import {
 } from '../tagging/index.js';
 
 export class LogService {
-  private log = createLogger('log_service');
+  private log: Logger;
 
   constructor(
     private readonly aztecNode: AztecNode,
@@ -31,7 +31,10 @@ export class LogService {
     private readonly senderAddressBookStore: SenderAddressBookStore,
     private readonly addressStore: AddressStore,
     private readonly jobId: string,
-  ) {}
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    this.log = createLogger('pxe:log_service', bindings);
+  }
 
   public async bulkRetrieveLogs(logRetrievalRequests: LogRetrievalRequest[]): Promise<(LogRetrievalResponse | null)[]> {
     return await Promise.all(

package/src/private_kernel/private_kernel_execution_prover.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { vkAsFieldsMegaHonk } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/keys';
 import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
-import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { pushTestData } from '@aztec/foundation/testing';
 import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import { getVKTreeRoot } from '@aztec/noir-protocol-circuits-types/vk-tree';
@@ -56,13 +56,16 @@ export interface PrivateKernelExecutionProverConfig {
  * inform state tree updates.
  */
 export class PrivateKernelExecutionProver {
-  private log = createLogger('pxe:private-kernel-execution-prover');
+  private log: Logger;
 
   constructor(
     private oracle: PrivateKernelOracle,
     private proofCreator: PrivateKernelProver,
     private fakeProofs = false,
-  ) {}
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
+  ) {
+    this.log = createLogger('pxe:private-kernel-execution-prover', bindings);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Generate a proof for a given transaction request and execution result.

package/src/private_kernel/private_kernel_oracle.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { getVKIndex, getVKSiblingPath } from '@aztec/noir-protocol-circuits-type
 import { ProtocolContractAddress } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
 import type { FunctionSelector } from '@aztec/stdlib/abi';
 import type { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
-import { L2BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import { BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import {
   type ContractInstanceWithAddress,
   computeContractClassIdPreimage,
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export class PrivateKernelOracle {
     private contractStore: ContractStore,
     private keyStore: KeyStore,
     private node: AztecNode,
-    private blockHash: L2BlockHash,
+    private blockHash: BlockHash,
   ) {}
 
   /** Retrieves the preimage of a contract address from the registered contract instances db. */

package/src/pxe.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { PrivateEventFilter } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
 import { BlockNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
 import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { SerialQueue } from '@aztec/foundation/queue';
 import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
@@ -128,6 +128,10 @@ export class PXE {
     config: PXEConfig,
     loggerOrSuffix?: string | Logger,
   ) {
+    // Extract bindings from the logger, or use empty bindings if a string suffix is provided.
+    const bindings: LoggerBindings | undefined =
+      loggerOrSuffix && typeof loggerOrSuffix !== 'string' ? loggerOrSuffix.getBindings() : undefined;
+
     const log =
       !loggerOrSuffix || typeof loggerOrSuffix === 'string'
         ? createLogger(loggerOrSuffix ? `pxe:service:${loggerOrSuffix}` : `pxe:service`)
@@ -153,10 +157,10 @@ export class PXE {
       privateEventStore,
       tipsStore,
       config,
-      loggerOrSuffix,
+      bindings,
     );
 
-    const jobCoordinator = new JobCoordinator(store);
+    const jobCoordinator = new JobCoordinator(store, bindings);
     jobCoordinator.registerStores([
       capsuleStore,
       senderTaggingStore,
@@ -165,7 +169,7 @@ export class PXE {
       noteStore,
     ]);
 
-    const debugUtils = new PXEDebugUtils(contractStore, noteStore);
+    const debugUtils = new PXEDebugUtils(contractStore, noteStore, synchronizer, anchorBlockStore);
 
     const jobQueue = new SerialQueue();
 
@@ -192,7 +196,7 @@ export class PXE {
       debugUtils,
     );
 
-    debugUtils.setPXE(pxe);
+    debugUtils.setPXE(pxe, pxe.#putInJobQueue.bind(pxe));
 
     pxe.jobQueue.start();
 
@@ -400,7 +404,12 @@ export class PXE {
     const anchorBlockHeader = await this.anchorBlockStore.getBlockHeader();
     const anchorBlockHash = await anchorBlockHeader.hash();
     const kernelOracle = new PrivateKernelOracle(this.contractStore, this.keyStore, this.node, anchorBlockHash);
-    const kernelTraceProver = new PrivateKernelExecutionProver(kernelOracle, proofCreator, !this.proverEnabled);
+    const kernelTraceProver = new PrivateKernelExecutionProver(
+      kernelOracle,
+      proofCreator,
+      !this.proverEnabled,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
+    );
     this.log.debug(`Executing kernel trace prover (${JSON.stringify(config)})...`);
     return await kernelTraceProver.proveWithKernels(txExecutionRequest.toTxRequest(), privateExecutionResult, config);
   }

package/src/storage/note_store/note_store.ts

@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ import { StoredNote } from './stored_note.js';
 export class NoteStore implements StagedStore {
   readonly storeName: string = 'note';
 
-  #store: AztecAsyncKVStore;
-
   // Note that we use the siloedNullifier as the note id in the store as it's guaranteed to be unique.
 
   // Main storage for notes. Avoid performing full scans on it as it contains all notes PXE knows, use
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ export class NoteStore implements StagedStore {
   #jobLocks: Map<string, Semaphore>;
 
   constructor(store: AztecAsyncKVStore) {
-    this.#store = store;
     this.#notes = store.openMap('notes');
     this.#nullifiersByContractAddress = store.openMultiMap('note_nullifiers_by_contract');
     this.#nullifiersByNullificationBlockNumber = store.openMultiMap('note_block_number_to_nullifier');
@@ -182,43 +179,41 @@ export class NoteStore implements StagedStore {
    * @throws Error if any nullifier is not found in this notes store
    */
   applyNullifiers(nullifiers: DataInBlock<Fr>[], jobId: string): Promise<NoteDao[]> {
-    return this.#withJobLock(jobId, () =>
-      this.#store.transactionAsync(async () => {
-        if (nullifiers.length === 0) {
-          return [];
-        }
-
-        const notesToNullify = await Promise.all(
-          nullifiers.map(async nullifierInBlock => {
-            const nullifier = nullifierInBlock.data.toString();
+    return this.#withJobLock(jobId, async () => {
+      if (nullifiers.length === 0) {
+        return [];
+      }
 
-            const storedNote = await this.#readNote(nullifier, jobId);
-            if (!storedNote) {
-              throw new Error(`Attempted to mark a note as nullified which does not exist in PXE DB`);
-            }
+      const notesToNullify = await Promise.all(
+        nullifiers.map(async nullifierInBlock => {
+          const nullifier = nullifierInBlock.data.toString();
 
-            return { storedNote: await this.#readNote(nullifier, jobId), blockNumber: nullifierInBlock.l2BlockNumber };
-          }),
-        );
+          const storedNote = await this.#readNote(nullifier, jobId);
+          if (!storedNote) {
+            throw new Error(`Attempted to mark a note as nullified which does not exist in PXE DB`);
+          }
 
-        const notesNullifiedInThisCall: Map<string, NoteDao> = new Map();
-        for (const noteToNullify of notesToNullify) {
-          // Safe to coerce (!) because we throw if we find any undefined above
-          const note = noteToNullify.storedNote!;
+          return { storedNote: await this.#readNote(nullifier, jobId), blockNumber: nullifierInBlock.l2BlockNumber };
+        }),
+      );
 
-          // Skip already nullified notes
-          if (note.isNullified()) {
-            continue;
-          }
+      const notesNullifiedInThisCall: Map<string, NoteDao> = new Map();
+      for (const noteToNullify of notesToNullify) {
+        // Safe to coerce (!) because we throw if we find any undefined above
+        const note = noteToNullify.storedNote!;
 
-          note.markAsNullified(noteToNullify.blockNumber);
-          this.#writeNote(note, jobId);
-          notesNullifiedInThisCall.set(note.noteDao.siloedNullifier.toString(), note.noteDao);
+        // Skip already nullified notes
+        if (note.isNullified()) {
+          continue;
         }
 
-        return [...notesNullifiedInThisCall.values()];
-      }),
-    );
+        note.markAsNullified(noteToNullify.blockNumber);
+        this.#writeNote(note, jobId);
+        notesNullifiedInThisCall.set(note.noteDao.siloedNullifier.toString(), note.noteDao);
+      }
+
+      return [...notesNullifiedInThisCall.values()];
+    });
   }
 
   /**