@aztec/prover-client 0.0.1-commit.b655e406 → 0.0.1-commit.b9865e97

package/src/orchestrator/orchestrator.ts

@@ -1,29 +1,28 @@
-import { BatchedBlob, FinalBlobBatchingChallenges, SpongeBlob } from '@aztec/blob-lib';
+import { BatchedBlob, FinalBlobBatchingChallenges, SpongeBlob } from '@aztec/blob-lib/types';
 import {
   L1_TO_L2_MSG_SUBTREE_HEIGHT,
   L1_TO_L2_MSG_SUBTREE_ROOT_SIBLING_PATH_LENGTH,
   NESTED_RECURSIVE_ROLLUP_HONK_PROOF_LENGTH,
-  NUMBER_OF_L1_L2_MESSAGES_PER_ROLLUP,
   NUM_BASE_PARITY_PER_ROOT_PARITY,
 } from '@aztec/constants';
-import { padArrayEnd } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
-import { AbortError } from '@aztec/foundation/error';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
-import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { BlockNumber, EpochNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import type { LoggerBindings } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { promiseWithResolvers } from '@aztec/foundation/promise';
 import { assertLength } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 import { pushTestData } from '@aztec/foundation/testing';
 import { elapsed } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import type { TreeNodeLocation } from '@aztec/foundation/trees';
-import { readAvmMinimalPublicTxInputsFromFile } from '@aztec/simulator/public/fixtures';
-import { EthAddress, createBlockEndMarker } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import type {
   EpochProver,
   ForkMerkleTreeOperations,
   MerkleTreeWriteOperations,
   PublicInputsAndRecursiveProof,
+  ReadonlyWorldStateAccess,
   ServerCircuitProver,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
+import { appendL1ToL2MessagesToTree } from '@aztec/stdlib/messaging';
 import type { Proof } from '@aztec/stdlib/proofs';
 import {
   type BaseRollupHints,
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ import {
 import { inspect } from 'util';
 
 import {
-  buildBlockHeaderFromTxs,
   buildHeaderFromCircuitOutputs,
   getLastSiblingPath,
   getPublicChonkVerifierPrivateInputsFromTx,
@@ -69,10 +67,9 @@ import type { BlockProvingState } from './block-proving-state.js';
 import type { CheckpointProvingState } from './checkpoint-proving-state.js';
 import { EpochProvingState, type ProvingResult, type TreeSnapshots } from './epoch-proving-state.js';
 import { ProvingOrchestratorMetrics } from './orchestrator_metrics.js';
+import { TopTreeProvingScheduler } from './top-tree-proving-scheduler.js';
 import { TxProvingState } from './tx-proving-state.js';
 
-const logger = createLogger('prover-client:orchestrator');
-
 /**
  * Implements an event driven proving scheduler to build the recursive proof tree. The idea being:
  * 1. Transactions are provided to the scheduler post simulation.
@@ -87,20 +84,24 @@ const logger = createLogger('prover-client:orchestrator');
 /**
  * The orchestrator, managing the flow of recursive proving operations required to build the rollup proof tree.
  */
-export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
-  private provingState: EpochProvingState | undefined = undefined;
-  private pendingProvingJobs: AbortController[] = [];
+export class ProvingOrchestrator extends TopTreeProvingScheduler implements EpochProver {
+  protected provingState: EpochProvingState | undefined = undefined;
 
-  private provingPromise: Promise<ProvingResult> | undefined = undefined;
+  protected provingPromise: Promise<ProvingResult> | undefined = undefined;
   private metrics: ProvingOrchestratorMetrics;
-  private dbs: Map<number, MerkleTreeWriteOperations> = new Map();
+
+  private dbs: Map<BlockNumber, MerkleTreeWriteOperations> = new Map();
 
   constructor(
-    private dbProvider: ForkMerkleTreeOperations,
-    private prover: ServerCircuitProver,
+    private dbProvider: ReadonlyWorldStateAccess & ForkMerkleTreeOperations,
+    prover: ServerCircuitProver,
     private readonly proverId: EthAddress,
+    private readonly cancelJobsOnStop: boolean = false,
+    enqueueConcurrency: number,
     telemetryClient: TelemetryClient = getTelemetryClient(),
+    bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
+    super(prover, enqueueConcurrency, 'prover-client:orchestrator', bindings);
     this.metrics = new ProvingOrchestratorMetrics(telemetryClient, 'ProvingOrchestrator');
   }
 
@@ -112,13 +113,32 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     return this.proverId;
   }
 
-  public stop(): Promise<void> {
+  public getNumActiveForks() {
+    return this.dbs.size;
+  }
+
+  protected override cancelInternal(): void {
     this.cancel();
-    return Promise.resolve();
+  }
+
+  protected override wrapCircuitCall<T>(
+    circuitName: string,
+    fn: (signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<T>,
+  ): (signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<T> {
+    return wrapCallbackInSpan(
+      this.tracer,
+      `ProvingOrchestrator.prover.${circuitName}`,
+      { [Attributes.PROTOCOL_CIRCUIT_NAME]: circuitName as CircuitName },
+      fn,
+    );
+  }
+
+  protected override onRootRollupComplete(state: EpochProvingState) {
+    state.resolve({ status: 'success' });
   }
 
   public startNewEpoch(
-    epochNumber: number,
+    epochNumber: EpochNumber,
     totalNumCheckpoints: number,
     finalBlobBatchingChallenges: FinalBlobBatchingChallenges,
   ) {
@@ -130,7 +150,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
 
     const { promise: _promise, resolve, reject } = promiseWithResolvers<ProvingResult>();
     const promise = _promise.catch((reason): ProvingResult => ({ status: 'failure', reason }));
-    logger.info(`Starting epoch ${epochNumber} with ${totalNumCheckpoints} checkpoints.`);
+    this.logger.info(`Starting epoch ${epochNumber} with ${totalNumCheckpoints} checkpoints.`);
     this.provingState = new EpochProvingState(
       epochNumber,
       totalNumCheckpoints,
@@ -142,12 +162,19 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     this.provingPromise = promise;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Starts a new checkpoint.
+   * @param checkpointIndex - The index of the checkpoint in the epoch.
+   * @param constants - The constants for this checkpoint.
+   * @param l1ToL2Messages - The set of L1 to L2 messages to be inserted at the beginning of this checkpoint.
+   * @param totalNumBlocks - The total number of blocks expected in the checkpoint (must be at least one).
+   * @param headerOfLastBlockInPreviousCheckpoint - The header of the last block in the previous checkpoint.
+   */
   public async startNewCheckpoint(
     checkpointIndex: number,
     constants: CheckpointConstantData,
     l1ToL2Messages: Fr[],
     totalNumBlocks: number,
-    totalNumBlobFields: number,
     headerOfLastBlockInPreviousCheckpoint: BlockHeader,
   ) {
     if (!this.provingState) {
@@ -162,7 +189,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     const lastBlockNumber = headerOfLastBlockInPreviousCheckpoint.globalVariables.blockNumber;
     const db = await this.dbProvider.fork(lastBlockNumber);
 
-    const firstBlockNumber = lastBlockNumber + 1;
+    const firstBlockNumber = BlockNumber(lastBlockNumber + 1);
     this.dbs.set(firstBlockNumber, db);
 
     // Get archive sibling path before any block in this checkpoint lands.
@@ -180,7 +207,6 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
       checkpointIndex,
       constants,
       totalNumBlocks,
-      totalNumBlobFields,
       headerOfLastBlockInPreviousCheckpoint,
       lastArchiveSiblingPath,
       l1ToL2Messages,
@@ -201,7 +227,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   @trackSpan('ProvingOrchestrator.startNewBlock', blockNumber => ({
     [Attributes.BLOCK_NUMBER]: blockNumber,
   }))
-  public async startNewBlock(blockNumber: number, timestamp: UInt64, totalNumTxs: number) {
+  public async startNewBlock(blockNumber: BlockNumber, timestamp: UInt64, totalNumTxs: number) {
     if (!this.provingState) {
       throw new Error('Empty epoch proving state. Call startNewEpoch before starting a block.');
     }
@@ -216,21 +242,21 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     }
 
     const constants = checkpointProvingState.constants;
-    logger.info(`Starting block ${blockNumber} for slot ${constants.slotNumber.toNumber()}.`);
+    this.logger.info(`Starting block ${blockNumber} for slot ${constants.slotNumber}.`);
 
     // Fork the db only when it's not already set. The db for the first block is set in `startNewCheckpoint`.
     if (!this.dbs.has(blockNumber)) {
       // Fork world state at the end of the immediately previous block
-      const db = await this.dbProvider.fork(blockNumber - 1);
+      const db = await this.dbProvider.fork(BlockNumber(blockNumber - 1));
       this.dbs.set(blockNumber, db);
     }
-    const db = this.dbs.get(blockNumber)!;
+    const db = this.getDbForBlock(blockNumber);
 
     // Get archive snapshot and sibling path before any txs in this block lands.
     const lastArchiveTreeSnapshot = await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.ARCHIVE, db);
     const lastArchiveSiblingPath = await getRootTreeSiblingPath(MerkleTreeId.ARCHIVE, db);
 
-    const blockProvingState = await checkpointProvingState.startNewBlock(
+    const blockProvingState = checkpointProvingState.startNewBlock(
       blockNumber,
       timestamp,
       totalNumTxs,
@@ -248,11 +274,16 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     // Because `addTxs` won't be called for a block without txs, and that's where the sponge blob state is computed.
     // We need to set its end sponge blob here, which will become the start sponge blob for the next block.
     if (totalNumTxs === 0) {
+      const endState = await db.getStateReference();
+      blockProvingState.setEndState(endState);
+
       const endSpongeBlob = blockProvingState.getStartSpongeBlob().clone();
-      await endSpongeBlob.absorb([createBlockEndMarker(0)]);
+      const blockEndBlobFields = blockProvingState.getBlockEndBlobFields();
+      await endSpongeBlob.absorb(blockEndBlobFields);
       blockProvingState.setEndSpongeBlob(endSpongeBlob);
 
-      // And also try to accumulate the blobs as far as we can:
+      // Try to accumulate the out hashes and blobs as far as we can:
+      await this.provingState.accumulateCheckpointOutHashes();
       await this.provingState.setBlobAccumulators();
     }
   }
@@ -272,11 +303,11 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     if (!txs.length) {
       // To avoid an ugly throw below. If we require an empty block, we can just call setBlockCompleted
       // on a block with no txs. We cannot do that here because we cannot find the blockNumber without any txs.
-      logger.warn(`Provided no txs to orchestrator addTxs.`);
+      this.logger.warn(`Provided no txs to orchestrator addTxs.`);
       return;
     }
 
-    const blockNumber = txs[0].globalVariables.blockNumber;
+    const blockNumber = BlockNumber(txs[0].globalVariables.blockNumber);
     const provingState = this.provingState.getBlockProvingStateByBlockNumber(blockNumber!);
     if (!provingState) {
       throw new Error(`Proving state for block ${blockNumber} not found. Call startNewBlock first.`);
@@ -292,9 +323,9 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
       throw new Error(`Block ${blockNumber} has been initialized with transactions.`);
     }
 
-    logger.info(`Adding ${txs.length} transactions to block ${blockNumber}`);
+    this.logger.info(`Adding ${txs.length} transactions to block ${blockNumber}`);
 
-    const db = this.dbs.get(blockNumber)!;
+    const db = this.getDbForBlock(blockNumber);
     const lastArchive = provingState.lastArchiveTreeSnapshot;
     const newL1ToL2MessageTreeSnapshot = provingState.newL1ToL2MessageTreeSnapshot;
     const spongeBlobState = provingState.getStartSpongeBlob().clone();
@@ -307,7 +338,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
 
         validateTx(tx);
 
-        logger.info(`Received transaction: ${tx.hash}`);
+        this.logger.debug(`Received transaction: ${tx.hash}`);
 
         const startSpongeBlob = spongeBlobState.clone();
         const [hints, treeSnapshots] = await this.prepareBaseRollupInputs(
@@ -328,10 +359,10 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
         const txIndex = provingState.addNewTx(txProvingState);
         if (txProvingState.requireAvmProof) {
           this.getOrEnqueueChonkVerifier(provingState, txIndex);
-          logger.debug(`Enqueueing public VM for tx ${txIndex}`);
+          this.logger.debug(`Enqueueing public VM for tx ${txIndex}`);
           this.enqueueVM(provingState, txIndex);
         } else {
-          logger.debug(`Enqueueing base rollup for private-only tx ${txIndex}`);
+          this.logger.debug(`Enqueueing base rollup for private-only tx ${txIndex}`);
           this.enqueueBaseRollup(provingState, txIndex);
         }
       } catch (err: any) {
@@ -341,11 +372,16 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
       }
     }
 
-    await spongeBlobState.absorb([createBlockEndMarker(txs.length)]);
+    const endState = await db.getStateReference();
+    provingState.setEndState(endState);
+
+    const blockEndBlobFields = provingState.getBlockEndBlobFields();
+    await spongeBlobState.absorb(blockEndBlobFields);
 
     provingState.setEndSpongeBlob(spongeBlobState);
 
-    // Txs have been added to the block. Now try to accumulate the blobs as far as we can:
+    // Txs have been added to the block. Now try to accumulate the out hashes and blobs as far as we can:
+    await this.provingState.accumulateCheckpointOutHashes();
     await this.provingState.setBlobAccumulators();
   }
 
@@ -369,7 +405,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
             typeof NESTED_RECURSIVE_ROLLUP_HONK_PROOF_LENGTH
           >
         >();
-      logger.debug(`Starting chonk verifier circuit for tx ${txHash}`);
+      this.logger.debug(`Starting chonk verifier circuit for tx ${txHash}`);
       this.doEnqueueChonkVerifier(txHash, privateInputs, proof => {
         tubeProof.resolve(proof);
       });
@@ -382,10 +418,10 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
    * Marks the block as completed.
    * Computes the block header and updates the archive tree.
    */
-  @trackSpan('ProvingOrchestrator.setBlockCompleted', (blockNumber: number) => ({
+  @trackSpan('ProvingOrchestrator.setBlockCompleted', (blockNumber: BlockNumber) => ({
     [Attributes.BLOCK_NUMBER]: blockNumber,
   }))
-  public async setBlockCompleted(blockNumber: number, expectedHeader?: BlockHeader): Promise<BlockHeader> {
+  public async setBlockCompleted(blockNumber: BlockNumber, expectedHeader?: BlockHeader): Promise<BlockHeader> {
     const provingState = this.provingState?.getBlockProvingStateByBlockNumber(blockNumber);
     if (!provingState) {
       throw new Error(`Block proving state for ${blockNumber} not found`);
@@ -408,39 +444,31 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
       );
     }
 
-    // And build the block header
-    logger.verbose(`Block ${blockNumber} completed. Assembling header.`);
-    const header = await this.buildL2BlockHeader(provingState, expectedHeader);
-
-    await this.verifyBuiltBlockAgainstSyncedState(provingState);
-
-    return header;
-  }
-
-  private async buildL2BlockHeader(provingState: BlockProvingState, expectedHeader?: BlockHeader) {
-    // Collect all txs in this block to build the header. The function calling this has made sure that all txs have been added.
-    const txs = provingState.getProcessedTxs();
-
-    const startSpongeBlob = provingState.getStartSpongeBlob();
-
-    // Get db for this block
-    const db = this.dbs.get(provingState.blockNumber)!;
-
-    // Given we've applied every change from this block, now assemble the block header
-    // and update the archive tree, so we're ready to start processing the next block
-    const header = await buildBlockHeaderFromTxs(txs, provingState.getGlobalVariables(), startSpongeBlob, db);
+    // Given we've applied every change from this block, now assemble the block header:
+    this.logger.verbose(`Block ${blockNumber} completed. Assembling header.`);
+    const header = await provingState.buildBlockHeader();
 
     if (expectedHeader && !header.equals(expectedHeader)) {
-      logger.error(`Block header mismatch: header=${header} expectedHeader=${expectedHeader}`);
+      this.logger.error(`Block header mismatch: header=${header} expectedHeader=${expectedHeader}`);
       throw new Error('Block header mismatch');
     }
 
-    logger.verbose(
-      `Updating archive tree with block ${provingState.blockNumber} header ${(await header.hash()).toString()}`,
-    );
-    await db.updateArchive(header);
+    // Get db for this block and remove from map — no other code should use it after this point.
+    const db = this.getDbForBlock(provingState.blockNumber);
+    this.dbs.delete(provingState.blockNumber);
 
-    provingState.setBuiltBlockHeader(header);
+    // Update the archive tree, capture the snapshot, and close the fork deterministically.
+    try {
+      this.logger.verbose(
+        `Updating archive tree with block ${provingState.blockNumber} header ${(await header.hash()).toString()}`,
+      );
+      await db.updateArchive(header);
+      provingState.setBuiltArchive(await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.ARCHIVE, db));
+    } finally {
+      await db.close();
+    }
+
+    await this.verifyBuiltBlockAgainstSyncedState(provingState);
 
     return header;
   }
@@ -449,31 +477,34 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   protected async verifyBuiltBlockAgainstSyncedState(provingState: BlockProvingState) {
     const builtBlockHeader = provingState.getBuiltBlockHeader();
     if (!builtBlockHeader) {
-      logger.debug('Block header not built yet, skipping header check.');
+      this.logger.debug('Block header not built yet, skipping header check.');
       return;
     }
 
     const output = provingState.getBlockRootRollupOutput();
     if (!output) {
-      logger.debug('Block root rollup proof not built yet, skipping header check.');
+      this.logger.debug('Block root rollup proof not built yet, skipping header check.');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const newArchive = provingState.getBuiltArchive();
+    if (!newArchive) {
+      this.logger.debug('Archive snapshot not yet captured, skipping header check.');
       return;
     }
+
     const header = await buildHeaderFromCircuitOutputs(output);
 
     if (!(await header.hash()).equals(await builtBlockHeader.hash())) {
-      logger.error(`Block header mismatch.\nCircuit: ${inspect(header)}\nComputed: ${inspect(builtBlockHeader)}`);
+      this.logger.error(`Block header mismatch.\nCircuit: ${inspect(header)}\nComputed: ${inspect(builtBlockHeader)}`);
       provingState.reject(`Block header hash mismatch.`);
       return;
     }
 
-    // Get db for this block
     const blockNumber = provingState.blockNumber;
-    const db = this.dbs.get(blockNumber)!;
-
-    const newArchive = await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.ARCHIVE, db);
     const syncedArchive = await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.ARCHIVE, this.dbProvider.getSnapshot(blockNumber));
     if (!syncedArchive.equals(newArchive)) {
-      logger.error(
+      this.logger.error(
         `Archive tree mismatch for block ${blockNumber}: world state synced to ${inspect(
           syncedArchive,
         )} but built ${inspect(newArchive)}`,
@@ -484,32 +515,34 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
 
     const circuitArchive = output.newArchive;
     if (!newArchive.equals(circuitArchive)) {
-      logger.error(`New archive mismatch.\nCircuit: ${output.newArchive}\nComputed: ${newArchive}`);
+      this.logger.error(`New archive mismatch.\nCircuit: ${output.newArchive}\nComputed: ${newArchive}`);
       provingState.reject(`New archive mismatch.`);
       return;
     }
-
-    // TODO(palla/prover): This closes the fork only on the happy path. If this epoch orchestrator
-    // is aborted and never reaches this point, it will leak the fork. We need to add a global cleanup,
-    // but have to make sure it only runs once all operations are completed, otherwise some function here
-    // will attempt to access the fork after it was closed.
-    logger.debug(`Cleaning up world state fork for ${blockNumber}`);
-    void this.dbs
-      .get(blockNumber)
-      ?.close()
-      .then(() => this.dbs.delete(blockNumber))
-      .catch(err => logger.error(`Error closing db for block ${blockNumber}`, err));
   }
 
   /**
-   * Cancel any further proving
+   * Cancel any further proving.
+   * If cancelJobsOnStop is true, aborts all pending jobs with the broker (which marks them as 'Aborted').
+   * If cancelJobsOnStop is false (default), jobs remain in the broker queue and can be reused on restart/reorg.
    */
   public cancel() {
-    for (const controller of this.pendingProvingJobs) {
-      controller.abort();
-    }
+    this.resetSchedulerState(this.cancelJobsOnStop);
 
     this.provingState?.cancel();
+
+    for (const [blockNumber, db] of this.dbs.entries()) {
+      void db.close().catch(err => this.logger.error(`Error closing db for block ${blockNumber}`, err));
+    }
+    this.dbs.clear();
+  }
+
+  private getDbForBlock(blockNumber: BlockNumber): MerkleTreeWriteOperations {
+    const db = this.dbs.get(blockNumber);
+    if (!db) {
+      throw new Error(`World state fork for block ${blockNumber} not found.`);
+    }
+    return db;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -541,76 +574,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     return epochProofResult;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Enqueue a job to be scheduled
-   * @param provingState - The proving state object being operated on
-   * @param jobType - The type of job to be queued
-   * @param job - The actual job, returns a promise notifying of the job's completion
-   */
-  private deferredProving<T>(
-    provingState: EpochProvingState | CheckpointProvingState | BlockProvingState,
-    request: (signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<T>,
-    callback: (result: T) => void | Promise<void>,
-  ) {
-    if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug(`Not enqueuing job, state no longer valid`);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const controller = new AbortController();
-    this.pendingProvingJobs.push(controller);
-
-    // We use a 'safeJob'. We don't want promise rejections in the proving pool, we want to capture the error here
-    // and reject the proving job whilst keeping the event loop free of rejections
-    const safeJob = async () => {
-      try {
-        // there's a delay between enqueueing this job and it actually running
-        if (controller.signal.aborted) {
-          return;
-        }
-
-        const result = await request(controller.signal);
-        if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-          logger.debug(`State no longer valid, discarding result`);
-          return;
-        }
-
-        // we could have been cancelled whilst waiting for the result
-        // and the prover ignored the signal. Drop the result in that case
-        if (controller.signal.aborted) {
-          return;
-        }
-
-        await callback(result);
-      } catch (err) {
-        if (err instanceof AbortError) {
-          // operation was cancelled, probably because the block was cancelled
-          // drop this result
-          return;
-        }
-
-        logger.error(`Error thrown when proving job`, err);
-        provingState!.reject(`${err}`);
-      } finally {
-        const index = this.pendingProvingJobs.indexOf(controller);
-        if (index > -1) {
-          this.pendingProvingJobs.splice(index, 1);
-        }
-      }
-    };
-
-    // let the callstack unwind before adding the job to the queue
-    setImmediate(() => void safeJob());
-  }
-
   private async updateL1ToL2MessageTree(l1ToL2Messages: Fr[], db: MerkleTreeWriteOperations) {
-    const l1ToL2MessagesPadded = padArrayEnd<Fr, number>(
-      l1ToL2Messages,
-      Fr.ZERO,
-      NUMBER_OF_L1_L2_MESSAGES_PER_ROLLUP,
-      'Too many L1 to L2 messages',
-    );
-
     const lastL1ToL2MessageTreeSnapshot = await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.L1_TO_L2_MESSAGE_TREE, db);
     const lastL1ToL2MessageSubtreeRootSiblingPath = assertLength(
       await getSubtreeSiblingPath(MerkleTreeId.L1_TO_L2_MESSAGE_TREE, L1_TO_L2_MSG_SUBTREE_HEIGHT, db),
@@ -618,7 +582,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     );
 
     // Update the local trees to include the new l1 to l2 messages
-    await db.appendLeaves(MerkleTreeId.L1_TO_L2_MESSAGE_TREE, l1ToL2MessagesPadded);
+    await appendL1ToL2MessagesToTree(db, l1ToL2Messages);
 
     const newL1ToL2MessageTreeSnapshot = await getTreeSnapshot(MerkleTreeId.L1_TO_L2_MESSAGE_TREE, db);
     const newL1ToL2MessageSubtreeRootSiblingPath = assertLength(
@@ -674,12 +638,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   // Executes the next level of merge if all inputs are available
   private enqueueBaseRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running base rollup, state invalid');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running base rollup, state invalid');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingBase(txIndex)) {
-      logger.debug(`Base rollup for tx ${txIndex} already started.`);
+      this.logger.debug(`Base rollup for tx ${txIndex} already started.`);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -687,7 +651,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     const { processedTx } = txProvingState;
     const { rollupType, inputs } = txProvingState.getBaseRollupTypeAndInputs();
 
-    logger.debug(`Enqueuing deferred proving base rollup for ${processedTx.hash.toString()}`);
+    this.logger.debug(`Enqueuing deferred proving base rollup for ${processedTx.hash.toString()}`);
 
     this.deferredProving(
       provingState,
@@ -711,7 +675,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
         },
       ),
       result => {
-        logger.debug(`Completed proof for ${rollupType} for tx ${processedTx.hash.toString()}`);
+        this.logger.debug(`Completed proof for ${rollupType} for tx ${processedTx.hash.toString()}`);
         validatePartialState(result.inputs.endTreeSnapshots, txProvingState.treeSnapshots);
         const leafLocation = provingState.setBaseRollupProof(txIndex, result);
         if (provingState.totalNumTxs === 1) {
@@ -725,34 +689,33 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
 
   // Enqueues the public chonk verifier circuit for a given transaction index, or reuses the one already enqueued.
   // Once completed, will enqueue the the public tx base rollup.
-  private getOrEnqueueChonkVerifier(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
+  protected getOrEnqueueChonkVerifier(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running chonk verifier circuit, state invalid');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running chonk verifier circuit, state invalid');
       return;
     }
 
     const txProvingState = provingState.getTxProvingState(txIndex);
     const txHash = txProvingState.processedTx.hash.toString();
-    NESTED_RECURSIVE_ROLLUP_HONK_PROOF_LENGTH;
     const handleResult = (
       result: PublicInputsAndRecursiveProof<
         PublicChonkVerifierPublicInputs,
         typeof NESTED_RECURSIVE_ROLLUP_HONK_PROOF_LENGTH
       >,
     ) => {
-      logger.debug(`Got chonk verifier proof for tx index: ${txIndex}`, { txHash });
+      this.logger.debug(`Got chonk verifier proof for tx index: ${txIndex}`, { txHash });
       txProvingState.setPublicChonkVerifierProof(result);
       this.provingState?.cachedChonkVerifierProofs.delete(txHash);
       this.checkAndEnqueueBaseRollup(provingState, txIndex);
     };
 
     if (this.provingState?.cachedChonkVerifierProofs.has(txHash)) {
-      logger.debug(`Chonk verifier proof already enqueued for tx index: ${txIndex}`, { txHash });
+      this.logger.debug(`Chonk verifier proof already enqueued for tx index: ${txIndex}`, { txHash });
       void this.provingState!.cachedChonkVerifierProofs.get(txHash)!.then(handleResult);
       return;
     }
 
-    logger.debug(`Enqueuing chonk verifier circuit for tx index: ${txIndex}`);
+    this.logger.debug(`Enqueuing chonk verifier circuit for tx index: ${txIndex}`);
     this.doEnqueueChonkVerifier(txHash, txProvingState.getPublicChonkVerifierPrivateInputs(), handleResult);
   }
 
@@ -768,7 +731,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     provingState: EpochProvingState | BlockProvingState = this.provingState!,
   ) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running chonk verifier circuit, state invalid');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running chonk verifier circuit, state invalid');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -791,12 +754,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   // Enqueues the next level of merge if all inputs are available
   private enqueueMergeRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState, location: TreeNodeLocation) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running merge rollup. State no longer valid.');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running merge rollup. State no longer valid.');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingMerge(location)) {
-      logger.debug('Merge rollup already started.');
+      this.logger.debug('Merge rollup already started.');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -822,18 +785,18 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   // Executes the block root rollup circuit
   private enqueueBlockRootRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running block root rollup, state no longer valid');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running block root rollup, state no longer valid');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingBlockRoot()) {
-      logger.debug('Block root rollup already started.');
+      this.logger.debug('Block root rollup already started.');
       return;
     }
 
     const { rollupType, inputs } = provingState.getBlockRootRollupTypeAndInputs();
 
-    logger.debug(`Enqueuing ${rollupType} for block ${provingState.blockNumber}.`);
+    this.logger.debug(`Enqueuing ${rollupType} for block ${provingState.blockNumber}.`);
 
     this.deferredProving(
       provingState,
@@ -858,18 +821,23 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
         },
       ),
       async result => {
-        // If the proofs were slower than the block header building, then we need to try validating the block header hashes here.
-        await this.verifyBuiltBlockAgainstSyncedState(provingState);
-
-        logger.debug(`Completed ${rollupType} proof for block ${provingState.blockNumber}`);
+        this.logger.debug(`Completed ${rollupType} proof for block ${provingState.blockNumber}`, {
+          blockNumber: provingState.blockNumber,
+          checkpointIndex: provingState.parentCheckpoint.index,
+          ...result.inputs.toInspect(),
+        });
 
         const leafLocation = provingState.setBlockRootRollupProof(result);
         const checkpointProvingState = provingState.parentCheckpoint;
 
+        // Verification is called from both here and setBlockCompleted. Whichever runs last
+        // will be the first to see all three pieces (header, proof output, archive) and run the checks.
+        await this.verifyBuiltBlockAgainstSyncedState(provingState);
+
         if (checkpointProvingState.totalNumBlocks === 1) {
-          this.checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(checkpointProvingState);
+          await this.checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(checkpointProvingState);
         } else {
-          this.checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(checkpointProvingState, leafLocation);
+          await this.checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(checkpointProvingState, leafLocation);
         }
       },
     );
@@ -883,12 +851,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     baseParityIndex: number,
   ) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running base parity. State no longer valid.');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running base parity. State no longer valid.');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingBaseParity(baseParityIndex)) {
-      logger.warn(`Base parity ${baseParityIndex} already started.`);
+      this.logger.warn(`Base parity ${baseParityIndex} already started.`);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -923,12 +891,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   // Enqueues the root rollup proof if all inputs are available
   private enqueueRootParityCircuit(provingState: BlockProvingState) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running root parity. State no longer valid.');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running root parity. State no longer valid.');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingRootParity()) {
-      logger.debug('Root parity already started.');
+      this.logger.debug('Root parity already started.');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -955,12 +923,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
   // Enqueues the next level of merge if all inputs are available
   private enqueueBlockMergeRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState, location: TreeNodeLocation) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running block merge rollup. State no longer valid.');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running block merge rollup. State no longer valid.');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingBlockMerge(location)) {
-      logger.debug('Block merge rollup already started.');
+      this.logger.debug('Block merge rollup already started.');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -975,29 +943,34 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
         },
         signal => this.prover.getBlockMergeRollupProof(inputs, signal, provingState.epochNumber),
       ),
-      result => {
+      async result => {
+        this.logger.debug(`Completed block merge rollup proof for checkpoint ${provingState.index}`, {
+          checkpointIndex: provingState.index,
+          mergeLocation: location,
+          ...result.inputs.toInspect(),
+        });
         provingState.setBlockMergeRollupProof(location, result);
-        this.checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(provingState, location);
+        await this.checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(provingState, location);
       },
     );
   }
 
-  private enqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState) {
+  private async enqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running checkpoint root rollup. State no longer valid.');
+      this.logger.debug('Not running checkpoint root rollup. State no longer valid.');
       return;
     }
 
     if (!provingState.tryStartProvingCheckpointRoot()) {
-      logger.debug('Checkpoint root rollup already started.');
+      this.logger.debug('Checkpoint root rollup already started.');
       return;
     }
 
     const rollupType = provingState.getCheckpointRootRollupType();
 
-    logger.debug(`Enqueuing ${rollupType} for checkpoint ${provingState.index}.`);
+    this.logger.debug(`Enqueuing ${rollupType} for checkpoint ${provingState.index}.`);
 
-    const inputs = provingState.getCheckpointRootRollupInputs();
+    const inputs = await provingState.getCheckpointRootRollupInputs();
 
     this.deferredProving(
       provingState,
@@ -1019,7 +992,7 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
         const computedEndBlobAccumulatorState = provingState.getEndBlobAccumulator()!.toBlobAccumulator();
         const circuitEndBlobAccumulatorState = result.inputs.endBlobAccumulator;
         if (!circuitEndBlobAccumulatorState.equals(computedEndBlobAccumulatorState)) {
-          logger.error(
+          this.logger.error(
             `Blob accumulator state mismatch.\nCircuit: ${inspect(circuitEndBlobAccumulatorState)}\nComputed: ${inspect(
               computedEndBlobAccumulatorState,
             )}`,
@@ -1028,7 +1001,10 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
           return;
         }
 
-        logger.debug(`Completed ${rollupType} proof for checkpoint ${provingState.index}.`);
+        this.logger.debug(`Completed ${rollupType} proof for checkpoint ${provingState.index}`, {
+          checkpointIndex: provingState.index,
+          ...result.inputs.toInspect(),
+        });
 
         const leafLocation = provingState.setCheckpointRootRollupProof(result);
         const epochProvingState = provingState.parentEpoch;
@@ -1042,99 +1018,6 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
     );
   }
 
-  private enqueueCheckpointMergeRollup(provingState: EpochProvingState, location: TreeNodeLocation) {
-    if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running checkpoint merge rollup. State no longer valid.');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (!provingState.tryStartProvingCheckpointMerge(location)) {
-      logger.debug('Checkpoint merge rollup already started.');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const inputs = provingState.getCheckpointMergeRollupInputs(location);
-
-    this.deferredProving(
-      provingState,
-      wrapCallbackInSpan(
-        this.tracer,
-        'ProvingOrchestrator.prover.getCheckpointMergeRollupProof',
-        {
-          [Attributes.PROTOCOL_CIRCUIT_NAME]: 'rollup-checkpoint-merge' satisfies CircuitName,
-        },
-        signal => this.prover.getCheckpointMergeRollupProof(inputs, signal, provingState.epochNumber),
-      ),
-      result => {
-        logger.debug('Completed proof for checkpoint merge rollup.');
-        provingState.setCheckpointMergeRollupProof(location, result);
-        this.checkAndEnqueueNextCheckpointMergeRollup(provingState, location);
-      },
-    );
-  }
-
-  private enqueueEpochPadding(provingState: EpochProvingState) {
-    if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running epoch padding. State no longer valid.');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (!provingState.tryStartProvingPaddingCheckpoint()) {
-      logger.debug('Padding checkpoint already started.');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    logger.debug('Padding epoch proof with a padding block root proof.');
-
-    const inputs = provingState.getPaddingCheckpointInputs();
-
-    this.deferredProving(
-      provingState,
-      wrapCallbackInSpan(
-        this.tracer,
-        'ProvingOrchestrator.prover.getCheckpointPaddingRollupProof',
-        {
-          [Attributes.PROTOCOL_CIRCUIT_NAME]: 'rollup-checkpoint-padding' satisfies CircuitName,
-        },
-        signal => this.prover.getCheckpointPaddingRollupProof(inputs, signal, provingState.epochNumber),
-      ),
-      result => {
-        logger.debug('Completed proof for padding checkpoint.');
-        provingState.setCheckpointPaddingProof(result);
-        this.checkAndEnqueueRootRollup(provingState);
-      },
-    );
-  }
-
-  // Executes the root rollup circuit
-  private enqueueRootRollup(provingState: EpochProvingState) {
-    if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug('Not running root rollup, state no longer valid');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    logger.debug(`Preparing root rollup`);
-
-    const inputs = provingState.getRootRollupInputs();
-
-    this.deferredProving(
-      provingState,
-      wrapCallbackInSpan(
-        this.tracer,
-        'ProvingOrchestrator.prover.getRootRollupProof',
-        {
-          [Attributes.PROTOCOL_CIRCUIT_NAME]: 'rollup-root' satisfies CircuitName,
-        },
-        signal => this.prover.getRootRollupProof(inputs, signal, provingState.epochNumber),
-      ),
-      result => {
-        logger.verbose(`Orchestrator completed root rollup for epoch ${provingState.epochNumber}`);
-        provingState.setRootRollupProof(result);
-        provingState.resolve({ status: 'success' });
-      },
-    );
-  }
-
   private checkAndEnqueueNextMergeRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState, currentLocation: TreeNodeLocation) {
     if (!provingState.isReadyForMergeRollup(currentLocation)) {
       return;
@@ -1150,54 +1033,35 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
 
   private checkAndEnqueueBlockRootRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState) {
     if (!provingState.isReadyForBlockRootRollup()) {
-      logger.debug('Not ready for block root rollup');
+      this.logger.debug('Not ready for block root rollup');
       return;
     }
 
     this.enqueueBlockRootRollup(provingState);
   }
 
-  private checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState, currentLocation: TreeNodeLocation) {
+  private async checkAndEnqueueNextBlockMergeRollup(
+    provingState: CheckpointProvingState,
+    currentLocation: TreeNodeLocation,
+  ) {
     if (!provingState.isReadyForBlockMerge(currentLocation)) {
       return;
     }
 
     const parentLocation = provingState.getParentLocation(currentLocation);
     if (parentLocation.level === 0) {
-      this.checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState);
+      await this.checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState);
     } else {
       this.enqueueBlockMergeRollup(provingState, parentLocation);
     }
   }
 
-  private checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState) {
+  protected async checkAndEnqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState: CheckpointProvingState) {
     if (!provingState.isReadyForCheckpointRoot()) {
       return;
     }
 
-    this.enqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState);
-  }
-
-  private checkAndEnqueueNextCheckpointMergeRollup(provingState: EpochProvingState, currentLocation: TreeNodeLocation) {
-    if (!provingState.isReadyForCheckpointMerge(currentLocation)) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const parentLocation = provingState.getParentLocation(currentLocation);
-    if (parentLocation.level === 0) {
-      this.checkAndEnqueueRootRollup(provingState);
-    } else {
-      this.enqueueCheckpointMergeRollup(provingState, parentLocation);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private checkAndEnqueueRootRollup(provingState: EpochProvingState) {
-    if (!provingState.isReadyForRootRollup()) {
-      logger.debug('Not ready for root rollup');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.enqueueRootRollup(provingState);
+    await this.enqueueCheckpointRootRollup(provingState);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1208,14 +1072,12 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
    */
   private enqueueVM(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
     if (!provingState.verifyState()) {
-      logger.debug(`Not running VM circuit as state is no longer valid`);
+      this.logger.debug(`Not running VM circuit as state is no longer valid`);
       return;
     }
 
     const txProvingState = provingState.getTxProvingState(txIndex);
 
-    // This function tries to do AVM proving. If there is a failure, it fakes the proof unless AVM_PROVING_STRICT is defined.
-    // Nothing downstream depends on the AVM proof yet. So having this mode lets us incrementally build the AVM circuit.
     const doAvmProving = wrapCallbackInSpan(
       this.tracer,
       'ProvingOrchestrator.prover.getAvmProof',
@@ -1224,48 +1086,25 @@ export class ProvingOrchestrator implements EpochProver {
       },
       async (signal: AbortSignal) => {
         const inputs = txProvingState.getAvmInputs();
-        try {
-          // TODO(#14234)[Unconditional PIs validation]: Remove the whole try-catch logic and
-          // just keep the next line but removing the second argument (false).
-          return await this.prover.getAvmProof(inputs, false, signal, provingState.epochNumber);
-        } catch (err) {
-          if (process.env.AVM_PROVING_STRICT) {
-            logger.error(`Error thrown when proving AVM circuit with AVM_PROVING_STRICT on`, err);
-            throw err;
-          } else {
-            logger.warn(
-              `Error thrown when proving AVM circuit but AVM_PROVING_STRICT is off. Use snapshotted
-               AVM inputs and carrying on. ${inspect(err)}.`,
-            );
-
-            try {
-              this.metrics.incAvmFallback();
-              const snapshotAvmPrivateInputs = readAvmMinimalPublicTxInputsFromFile();
-              return await this.prover.getAvmProof(snapshotAvmPrivateInputs, true, signal, provingState.epochNumber);
-            } catch (err) {
-              logger.error(`Error thrown when proving snapshotted AVM inputs.`, err);
-              throw err;
-            }
-          }
-        }
+        return await this.prover.getAvmProof(inputs, signal, provingState.epochNumber);
       },
     );
 
-    this.deferredProving(provingState, doAvmProving, proofAndVk => {
-      logger.debug(`Proven VM for tx index: ${txIndex}`);
-      txProvingState.setAvmProof(proofAndVk);
+    this.deferredProving(provingState, doAvmProving, proof => {
+      this.logger.debug(`Proven VM for tx index: ${txIndex}`);
+      txProvingState.setAvmProof(proof);
       this.checkAndEnqueueBaseRollup(provingState, txIndex);
     });
   }
 
-  private checkAndEnqueueBaseRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
+  protected checkAndEnqueueBaseRollup(provingState: BlockProvingState, txIndex: number) {
     const txProvingState = provingState.getTxProvingState(txIndex);
     if (!txProvingState.ready()) {
       return;
     }
 
     // We must have completed all proving (chonk verifier proof and (if required) vm proof are generated), we now move to the base rollup.
-    logger.debug(`Public functions completed for tx ${txIndex} enqueueing base rollup`);
+    this.logger.debug(`Public functions completed for tx ${txIndex} enqueueing base rollup`);
 
     this.enqueueBaseRollup(provingState, txIndex);
   }