@aztec/ethereum 3.0.0-nightly.20251216 → 3.0.0-nightly.20251218

package/dest/l1_tx_utils/readonly_l1_tx_utils.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { getKeys, median, merge, pick, times } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+import { getKeys, merge, pick, times } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { makeBackoff, retry } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { RollupAbi } from '@aztec/l1-artifacts/RollupAbi';
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ import pickBy from 'lodash.pickby';
 import { MethodNotFoundRpcError, MethodNotSupportedRpcError, decodeErrorResult, formatGwei, getContractError, hexToBytes } from 'viem';
 import { defaultL1TxUtilsConfig, l1TxUtilsConfigMappings } from './config.js';
 import { BLOCK_TIME_MS, LARGE_GAS_LIMIT, MIN_BLOB_REPLACEMENT_BUMP_PERCENTAGE, MIN_REPLACEMENT_BUMP_PERCENTAGE, WEI_CONST } from './constants.js';
+import { P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy } from './fee-strategies/index.js';
 import { getCalldataGasUsage, tryGetCustomErrorNameContractFunction } from './utils.js';
-const HISTORICAL_BLOCK_COUNT = 5;
+// Change this to the current strategy we want to use
+const CurrentStrategy = P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy;
 export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
     client;
     logger;
@@ -36,119 +38,32 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         return this.client.getBlockNumber();
     }
     /**
-   * Analyzes pending transactions and recent fee history to determine a competitive priority fee.
-   * Falls back to network estimate if data is unavailable or fails.
-   * @param networkEstimateResult - Result from estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas RPC call
-   * @param pendingBlockResult - Result from getBlock with pending tag RPC call
-   * @param feeHistoryResult - Result from getFeeHistory RPC call
-   * @returns A competitive priority fee based on pending txs and recent block history
-   */ getCompetitivePriorityFee(networkEstimateResult, pendingBlockResult, feeHistoryResult) {
-        const networkEstimate = networkEstimateResult.status === 'fulfilled' && typeof networkEstimateResult.value === 'bigint' ? networkEstimateResult.value : 0n;
-        let competitiveFee = networkEstimate;
-        if (pendingBlockResult.status === 'fulfilled' && pendingBlockResult.value !== null && pendingBlockResult.value.transactions && pendingBlockResult.value.transactions.length > 0) {
-            const pendingBlock = pendingBlockResult.value;
-            // Extract priority fees from pending transactions
-            const pendingFees = pendingBlock.transactions.map((tx)=>{
-                // Transaction can be just a hash string, so we need to check if it's an object
-                if (typeof tx === 'string') {
-                    return 0n;
-                }
-                const fee = tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas || 0n;
-                // Debug: Log suspicious fees
-                if (fee > 100n * WEI_CONST) {
-                    this.logger?.warn('Suspicious high priority fee in pending tx', {
-                        txHash: tx.hash,
-                        maxPriorityFeePerGas: formatGwei(fee),
-                        maxFeePerGas: formatGwei(tx.maxFeePerGas || 0n),
-                        maxFeePerBlobGas: tx.maxFeePerBlobGas ? formatGwei(tx.maxFeePerBlobGas) : 'N/A'
-                    });
-                }
-                return fee;
-            }).filter((fee)=>fee > 0n);
-            if (pendingFees.length > 0) {
-                // Use 75th percentile of pending fees to be competitive
-                const sortedPendingFees = [
-                    ...pendingFees
-                ].sort((a, b)=>a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0);
-                const percentile75Index = Math.floor((sortedPendingFees.length - 1) * 0.75);
-                const pendingCompetitiveFee = sortedPendingFees[percentile75Index];
-                if (pendingCompetitiveFee > competitiveFee) {
-                    competitiveFee = pendingCompetitiveFee;
-                }
-                this.logger?.debug('Analyzed pending transactions for competitive pricing', {
-                    pendingTxCount: pendingFees.length,
-                    pendingP75: formatGwei(pendingCompetitiveFee)
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        if (feeHistoryResult.status === 'fulfilled' && feeHistoryResult.value !== null && feeHistoryResult.value.reward && feeHistoryResult.value.reward.length > 0) {
-            const feeHistory = feeHistoryResult.value;
-            // Extract 75th percentile fees from each block
-            const percentile75Fees = feeHistory.reward.map((rewards)=>rewards[0] || 0n).filter((fee)=>fee > 0n);
-            if (percentile75Fees.length > 0) {
-                // Calculate median of the 75th percentile fees across blocks
-                const medianHistoricalFee = median(percentile75Fees) ?? 0n;
-                // Debug: Log suspicious fees from history
-                if (medianHistoricalFee > 100n * WEI_CONST) {
-                    this.logger?.warn('Suspicious high fee in history', {
-                        historicalMedian: formatGwei(medianHistoricalFee),
-                        allP75Fees: percentile75Fees.map((f)=>formatGwei(f))
-                    });
-                }
-                if (medianHistoricalFee > competitiveFee) {
-                    competitiveFee = medianHistoricalFee;
-                }
-                this.logger?.debug('Analyzed fee history for competitive pricing', {
-                    historicalMedian: formatGwei(medianHistoricalFee)
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        // Sanity check: cap competitive fee at 100x network estimate to avoid using unrealistic fees
-        // (e.g., Anvil returns inflated historical fees that don't reflect actual network conditions)
-        const maxReasonableFee = networkEstimate * 100n;
-        if (competitiveFee > maxReasonableFee) {
-            this.logger?.warn('Competitive fee exceeds sanity cap, using capped value', {
-                competitiveFee: formatGwei(competitiveFee),
-                networkEstimate: formatGwei(networkEstimate),
-                cappedTo: formatGwei(maxReasonableFee)
-            });
-            competitiveFee = maxReasonableFee;
-        }
-        // Log final decision
-        if (competitiveFee > networkEstimate) {
-            this.logger?.debug('Using competitive fee from market analysis', {
-                networkEstimate: formatGwei(networkEstimate),
-                competitive: formatGwei(competitiveFee)
-            });
-        }
-        return competitiveFee;
-    }
-    /**
    * Gets the current gas price with bounds checking
    */ async getGasPrice(gasConfigOverrides, isBlobTx = false, attempt = 0, previousGasPrice) {
         const gasConfig = merge(this.config, gasConfigOverrides);
         // Make all RPC calls in parallel upfront with retry logic
+        // First 2 calls are necessary to complete
         const latestBlockPromise = this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.getBlock({
                 blockTag: 'latest'
             }), 'Getting latest block');
-        const networkEstimatePromise = this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas(), 'Estimating max priority fee per gas');
-        const pendingBlockPromise = this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.getBlock({
-                blockTag: 'pending',
-                includeTransactions: true
-            }), 'Getting pending block');
-        const feeHistoryPromise = this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.getFeeHistory({
-                blockCount: HISTORICAL_BLOCK_COUNT,
-                rewardPercentiles: [
-                    75
-                ]
-            }), 'Getting fee history');
-        const blobBaseFeePromise = isBlobTx ? this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.getBlobBaseFee(), 'Getting blob base fee') : null;
-        const [latestBlockResult, networkEstimateResult, pendingBlockResult, feeHistoryResult, blobBaseFeeResult] = await Promise.allSettled([
+        let blobBaseFeePromise = null;
+        if (isBlobTx) {
+            blobBaseFeePromise = this.tryTwice(()=>this.client.getBlobBaseFee(), 'Getting blob base fee');
+        }
+        // Get strategy promises for priority fee calculation
+        const strategyPromises = CurrentStrategy.getRequiredPromises(this.client, {
+            isBlobTx
+        });
+        const strategyPromiseKeys = [];
+        const strategyPromisesArr = [];
+        for (const [key, promise] of Object.entries(strategyPromises)){
+            strategyPromiseKeys.push(key);
+            strategyPromisesArr.push(this.tryTwice(()=>promise, `Getting strategy data for ${key}`));
+        }
+        const [latestBlockResult, blobBaseFeeResult, ...strategyResults] = await Promise.allSettled([
             latestBlockPromise,
-            networkEstimatePromise,
-            pendingBlockPromise,
-            feeHistoryPromise,
-            blobBaseFeePromise ?? Promise.resolve(0n)
+            blobBaseFeePromise ?? Promise.resolve(0n),
+            ...strategyPromisesArr
         ]);
         // Extract results
         const baseFee = latestBlockResult.status === 'fulfilled' && typeof latestBlockResult.value === 'object' && latestBlockResult.value.baseFeePerGas ? latestBlockResult.value.baseFeePerGas : 0n;
@@ -159,22 +74,29 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         } else if (isBlobTx) {
             this.logger?.warn('Failed to get L1 blob base fee', attempt);
         }
-        // Get competitive priority fee
-        let priorityFee = this.getCompetitivePriorityFee(networkEstimateResult, pendingBlockResult, feeHistoryResult);
-        // Apply minimum priority fee as a floor if configured
+        let priorityFee;
+        // Get competitive priority fee using strategy
+        // Reconstruct the results object with the same keys as the promises
+        const resultsObject = {};
+        strategyPromiseKeys.forEach((key, index)=>{
+            resultsObject[key] = strategyResults[index];
+        });
+        const result = CurrentStrategy.calculate(resultsObject, {
+            gasConfig,
+            isBlobTx,
+            logger: this.logger
+        });
+        priorityFee = result.priorityFee;
+        // Apply minimum priority fee floor if configured
         if (gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas) {
-            const minimumFee = BigInt(Math.trunc(gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas * Number(WEI_CONST)));
-            if (minimumFee > priorityFee) {
-                this.logger?.debug('Using minimum priority fee as floor', {
-                    minimumPriorityFeePerGas: formatGwei(minimumFee),
-                    competitiveFee: formatGwei(priorityFee)
-                });
-                priorityFee = minimumFee;
-            } else {
-                this.logger?.debug('Competitive fee exceeds minimum, using competitive fee', {
-                    minimumPriorityFeePerGas: formatGwei(minimumFee),
-                    competitiveFee: formatGwei(priorityFee)
+            const minimumPriorityFee = BigInt(Math.trunc(gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas * Number(WEI_CONST)));
+            if (priorityFee < minimumPriorityFee) {
+                this.logger?.debug('Applying minimum priority fee floor', {
+                    calculatedPriorityFee: formatGwei(priorityFee),
+                    minimumPriorityFeePerGas: gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas,
+                    appliedFee: formatGwei(minimumPriorityFee)
                 });
+                priorityFee = minimumPriorityFee;
             }
         }
         let maxFeePerGas = baseFee;

package/dest/utils.d.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import type { Logger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
-import { type Abi, type ContractEventName, type DecodeEventLogReturnType, type Hex, type Log } from 'viem';
+import { type Abi, type ContractEventName, type DecodeEventLogReturnType, type FormattedTransaction, type Hex, type Log } from 'viem';
 export interface L2Claim {
     claimSecret: Fr;
     claimAmount: Fr;
@@ -22,4 +22,16 @@ export declare function prettyLogViemErrorMsg(err: any): any;
  */
 export declare function formatViemError(error: any, abi?: Abi): FormattedViemError;
 export declare function tryGetCustomErrorName(err: any): string | undefined;
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+/**
+ * Type guard to check if a transaction is a blob transaction (EIP-4844).
+ * Blob transactions have maxFeePerBlobGas and blobVersionedHashes fields.
+ */
+export declare function isBlobTransaction(tx: FormattedTransaction): tx is FormattedTransaction & {
+    maxFeePerBlobGas: bigint;
+    blobVersionedHashes: readonly Hex[];
+};
+/**
+ * Calculates a percentile from an array of bigints
+ */
+export declare function calculatePercentile(values: bigint[], percentile: number): bigint;
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package/dest/utils.js

@@ -162,3 +162,21 @@ export function tryGetCustomErrorName(err) {
         return undefined;
     }
 }
+/**
+ * Type guard to check if a transaction is a blob transaction (EIP-4844).
+ * Blob transactions have maxFeePerBlobGas and blobVersionedHashes fields.
+ */ export function isBlobTransaction(tx) {
+    return 'maxFeePerBlobGas' in tx && tx.maxFeePerBlobGas !== undefined && 'blobVersionedHashes' in tx && tx.blobVersionedHashes !== undefined;
+}
+/**
+ * Calculates a percentile from an array of bigints
+ */ export function calculatePercentile(values, percentile) {
+    if (values.length === 0) {
+        return 0n;
+    }
+    const sorted = [
+        ...values
+    ].sort((a, b)=>a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0);
+    const index = Math.ceil((sorted.length - 1) * (percentile / 100));
+    return sorted[index];
+}

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@aztec/ethereum",
-  "version": "3.0.0-nightly.20251216",
+  "version": "3.0.0-nightly.20251218",
   "type": "module",
   "exports": {
     "./account": "./dest/account.js",
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
     "./forwarder-proxy": "./dest/forwarder_proxy.js",
     "./l1-artifacts": "./dest/l1_artifacts.js",
     "./l1-contract-addresses": "./dest/l1_contract_addresses.js",
+    "./l1-fee-analysis": "./dest/l1_tx_utils/l1_fee_analyzer.js",
     "./l1-reader": "./dest/l1_reader.js",
     "./l1-tx-utils": "./dest/l1_tx_utils/index.js",
     "./l1-tx-utils-with-blobs": "./dest/l1_tx_utils/index-blobs.js",
@@ -48,10 +49,10 @@
     "../package.common.json"
   ],
   "dependencies": {
-    "@aztec/blob-lib": "3.0.0-nightly.20251216",
-    "@aztec/constants": "3.0.0-nightly.20251216",
-    "@aztec/foundation": "3.0.0-nightly.20251216",
-    "@aztec/l1-artifacts": "3.0.0-nightly.20251216",
+    "@aztec/blob-lib": "3.0.0-nightly.20251218",
+    "@aztec/constants": "3.0.0-nightly.20251218",
+    "@aztec/foundation": "3.0.0-nightly.20251218",
+    "@aztec/l1-artifacts": "3.0.0-nightly.20251218",
     "@viem/anvil": "^0.0.10",
     "dotenv": "^16.0.3",
     "lodash.chunk": "^4.2.0",

package/src/deploy_aztec_l1_contracts.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { spawn } from 'child_process';
 import { dirname, resolve } from 'path';
 import readline from 'readline';
 import type { Hex } from 'viem';
-import { foundry, mainnet } from 'viem/chains';
+import { foundry, mainnet, sepolia } from 'viem/chains';
 
 import { createEthereumChain, isAnvilTestChain } from './chain.js';
 import { createExtendedL1Client } from './client.js';
@@ -246,10 +246,20 @@ export async function deployAztecL1Contracts(
   const FORGE_SCRIPT = 'script/deploy/DeployAztecL1Contracts.s.sol';
   await maybeForgeForceProductionBuild(l1ContractsPath, FORGE_SCRIPT, chainId);
 
+  // Verify contracts on Etherscan when on mainnet/sepolia and ETHERSCAN_API_KEY is available.
+  const isVerifiableChain = chainId === mainnet.id || chainId === sepolia.id;
+  const shouldVerify = isVerifiableChain && !!process.env.ETHERSCAN_API_KEY;
+
+  if (isVerifiableChain && !process.env.ETHERSCAN_API_KEY) {
+    logger.warn(
+      `Deploying to chain ${chainId} (${chainId === mainnet.id ? 'mainnet' : 'sepolia'}) without ETHERSCAN_API_KEY. ` +
+        `Contracts will NOT be verified on Etherscan. Set ETHERSCAN_API_KEY environment variable to enable verification.`,
+    );
+  }
+
   // From heuristic testing. More caused issues with anvil.
   const MAGIC_ANVIL_BATCH_SIZE = 12;
   // Anvil seems to stall with unbounded batch size. Otherwise no max batch size is desirable.
-  // On sepolia and mainnet, we verify on etherscan (if etherscan API key is in env)
   const forgeArgs = [
     'script',
     FORGE_SCRIPT,
@@ -260,11 +270,10 @@ export async function deployAztecL1Contracts(
     '--rpc-url',
     rpcUrl,
     '--broadcast',
-    ...(chainId === foundry.id ? ['--batch-size', MAGIC_ANVIL_BATCH_SIZE.toString()] : ['--verify']),
+    ...(chainId === foundry.id ? ['--batch-size', MAGIC_ANVIL_BATCH_SIZE.toString()] : []),
+    ...(shouldVerify ? ['--verify'] : []),
   ];
   const forgeEnv = {
-    // Protect against root leaving deployment files in docker that cannot be used later.
-    FOUNDRY_BROADCAST: process.getuid?.() === 0 ? 'broadcast-root' : undefined,
     // Env vars required by l1-contracts/script/deploy/DeploymentConfiguration.sol.
     NETWORK: getActiveNetworkName(),
     FOUNDRY_PROFILE: chainId === mainnet.id ? 'production' : undefined,
@@ -523,8 +532,6 @@ export const deployRollupForUpgrade = async (
     '--broadcast',
   ];
   const forgeEnv = {
-    // Protect against root leaving deployment files in docker that cannot be used later.
-    FOUNDRY_BROADCAST: process.getuid?.() === 0 ? 'broadcast-root' : undefined,
     FOUNDRY_PROFILE: chainId === mainnet.id ? 'production' : undefined,
     // Env vars required by l1-contracts/script/deploy/RollupConfiguration.sol.
     REGISTRY_ADDRESS: registryAddress.toString(),

package/src/l1_contract_addresses.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { ConfigMappingsType } from '@aztec/foundation/config';
 import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
-import { type ZodFor, schemas } from '@aztec/foundation/schemas';
+import { schemas, zodFor } from '@aztec/foundation/schemas';
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
@@ -35,25 +35,27 @@ export type L1ContractAddresses = {
   dateGatedRelayerAddress?: EthAddress | undefined;
 };
 
-export const L1ContractAddressesSchema = z.object({
-  rollupAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  registryAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  inboxAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  outboxAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  feeJuiceAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  stakingAssetAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  feeJuicePortalAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  coinIssuerAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  rewardDistributorAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  governanceProposerAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  governanceAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
-  slashFactoryAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-  feeAssetHandlerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-  stakingAssetHandlerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-  zkPassportVerifierAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-  gseAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-  dateGatedRelayerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
-}) satisfies ZodFor<L1ContractAddresses>;
+export const L1ContractAddressesSchema = zodFor<L1ContractAddresses>()(
+  z.object({
+    rollupAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    registryAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    inboxAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    outboxAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    feeJuiceAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    stakingAssetAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    feeJuicePortalAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    coinIssuerAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    rewardDistributorAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    governanceProposerAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    governanceAddress: schemas.EthAddress,
+    slashFactoryAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+    feeAssetHandlerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+    stakingAssetHandlerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+    zkPassportVerifierAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+    gseAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+    dateGatedRelayerAddress: schemas.EthAddress.optional(),
+  }),
+);
 
 const parseEnv = (val: string) => EthAddress.fromString(val);
 

package/src/l1_tx_utils/constants.ts

@@ -16,3 +16,14 @@ export const MIN_BLOB_REPLACEMENT_BUMP_PERCENTAGE = 100;
 
 // Avg ethereum block time is ~12s
 export const BLOCK_TIME_MS = 12_000;
+
+// Gas per blob (EIP-4844)
+export const GAS_PER_BLOB = 131072n;
+
+// Blob capacity schedule based on Ethereum upgrades
+export const BLOB_CAPACITY_SCHEDULE = [
+  { timestamp: 1734357600, target: 14, max: 21 }, // BPO2: Dec 17, 2025
+  { timestamp: 1733752800, target: 10, max: 15 }, // BPO1: Dec 9, 2025
+  { timestamp: 1733234400, target: 6, max: 9 }, // Fusaka: Dec 3, 2025
+  { timestamp: 0, target: 6, max: 9 }, // Pectra/earlier
+];

package/src/l1_tx_utils/fee-strategies/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy } from './p75_competitive.js';
+import { P75BlobTxsOnlyPriorityFeeStrategy } from './p75_competitive_blob_txs_only.js';
+import type { PriorityFeeStrategy } from './types.js';
+
+export {
+  HISTORICAL_BLOCK_COUNT,
+  executeStrategy,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategy,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategyContext,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategyResult,
+} from './types.js';
+
+export { P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy } from './p75_competitive.js';
+
+/**
+ * Default list of priority fee strategies to analyze.
+ * Add more strategies here for comparison.
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_PRIORITY_FEE_STRATEGIES: PriorityFeeStrategy[] = [
+  P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy,
+  P75BlobTxsOnlyPriorityFeeStrategy,
+];

package/src/l1_tx_utils/fee-strategies/p75_competitive.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import { median } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+
+import { formatGwei } from 'viem';
+
+import type { ViemClient } from '../../types.js';
+import { calculatePercentile } from '../../utils.js';
+import { WEI_CONST } from '../constants.js';
+import {
+  HISTORICAL_BLOCK_COUNT,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategy,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategyContext,
+  type PriorityFeeStrategyResult,
+} from './types.js';
+
+/**
+ * Type for the promises required by the competitive strategy
+ */
+type P75AllTxsStrategyPromises = {
+  networkEstimate: Promise<bigint>;
+  pendingBlock: Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<ViemClient['getBlock']>> | null>;
+  feeHistory: Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<ViemClient['getFeeHistory']>> | null>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Our current competitive priority fee strategy.
+ * Analyzes p75 of pending transactions and 5-block fee history to determine a competitive priority fee.
+ * Falls back to network estimate if data is unavailable.
+ */
+export const P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy: PriorityFeeStrategy<P75AllTxsStrategyPromises> = {
+  name: 'Competitive (P75 + History) - CURRENT',
+  id: 'p75_pending_txs_and_history_all_txs',
+
+  getRequiredPromises(client: ViemClient): P75AllTxsStrategyPromises {
+    return {
+      networkEstimate: client.estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas().catch(() => 0n),
+      pendingBlock: client.getBlock({ blockTag: 'pending', includeTransactions: true }).catch(() => null),
+      feeHistory: client
+        .getFeeHistory({
+          blockCount: HISTORICAL_BLOCK_COUNT,
+          rewardPercentiles: [75],
+          blockTag: 'latest',
+        })
+        .catch(() => null),
+    };
+  },
+
+  calculate(
+    results: {
+      [K in keyof P75AllTxsStrategyPromises]: PromiseSettledResult<Awaited<P75AllTxsStrategyPromises[K]>>;
+    },
+    context: PriorityFeeStrategyContext,
+  ): PriorityFeeStrategyResult {
+    const { logger } = context;
+
+    // Extract network estimate from settled result
+    const networkEstimate =
+      results.networkEstimate.status === 'fulfilled' && typeof results.networkEstimate.value === 'bigint'
+        ? results.networkEstimate.value
+        : 0n;
+
+    let competitiveFee = networkEstimate;
+    const debugInfo: Record<string, string | number> = {
+      networkEstimateGwei: formatGwei(networkEstimate),
+    };
+
+    // Extract pending block from settled result
+    const pendingBlock = results.pendingBlock.status === 'fulfilled' ? results.pendingBlock.value : null;
+
+    // Analyze pending block transactions
+    if (pendingBlock?.transactions && pendingBlock.transactions.length > 0) {
+      const pendingFees = pendingBlock.transactions
+        .map(tx => {
+          if (typeof tx === 'string') {
+            return 0n;
+          }
+          const fee = tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas || 0n;
+
+          return fee;
+        })
+        .filter((fee: bigint) => fee > 0n);
+
+      if (pendingFees.length > 0) {
+        // Use 75th percentile of pending fees to be competitive
+        const pendingCompetitiveFee = calculatePercentile(pendingFees, 75);
+
+        if (pendingCompetitiveFee > competitiveFee) {
+          competitiveFee = pendingCompetitiveFee;
+        }
+
+        debugInfo.pendingTxCount = pendingFees.length;
+        debugInfo.pendingP75Gwei = formatGwei(pendingCompetitiveFee);
+
+        logger?.debug('Analyzed pending transactions for competitive pricing', {
+          pendingTxCount: pendingFees.length,
+          pendingP75: formatGwei(pendingCompetitiveFee),
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Extract fee history from settled result
+    const feeHistory = results.feeHistory.status === 'fulfilled' ? results.feeHistory.value : null;
+
+    // Analyze fee history
+    if (feeHistory?.reward && feeHistory.reward.length > 0) {
+      // Extract 75th percentile fees from each block
+      const percentile75Fees = feeHistory.reward.map(rewards => rewards[0] || 0n).filter(fee => fee > 0n);
+
+      if (percentile75Fees.length > 0) {
+        // Calculate median of the 75th percentile fees across blocks
+        const medianHistoricalFee = median(percentile75Fees) ?? 0n;
+
+        // Debug: Log suspicious fees from history
+        if (medianHistoricalFee > 100n * WEI_CONST) {
+          logger?.warn('Suspicious high fee in history', {
+            historicalMedian: formatGwei(medianHistoricalFee),
+            allP75Fees: percentile75Fees.map(f => formatGwei(f)),
+          });
+        }
+
+        if (medianHistoricalFee > competitiveFee) {
+          competitiveFee = medianHistoricalFee;
+        }
+
+        debugInfo.historicalMedianGwei = formatGwei(medianHistoricalFee);
+
+        logger?.debug('Analyzed fee history for competitive pricing', {
+          historicalMedian: formatGwei(medianHistoricalFee),
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Sanity check: cap competitive fee at 100x network estimate to avoid using unrealistic fees
+    const maxReasonableFee = networkEstimate * 100n;
+    if (competitiveFee > maxReasonableFee && networkEstimate > 0n) {
+      logger?.warn('Competitive fee exceeds sanity cap, using capped value', {
+        competitiveFee: formatGwei(competitiveFee),
+        networkEstimate: formatGwei(networkEstimate),
+        cappedTo: formatGwei(maxReasonableFee),
+      });
+      competitiveFee = maxReasonableFee;
+      debugInfo.cappedToGwei = formatGwei(maxReasonableFee);
+    }
+
+    // Log final decision
+    if (competitiveFee > networkEstimate) {
+      logger?.debug('Using competitive fee from market analysis', {
+        networkEstimate: formatGwei(networkEstimate),
+        competitive: formatGwei(competitiveFee),
+      });
+    }
+
+    debugInfo.finalFeeGwei = formatGwei(competitiveFee);
+
+    return {
+      priorityFee: competitiveFee,
+      debugInfo,
+    };
+  },
+};