@aztec/ethereum 0.0.1-fake-c83136db25 → 0.0.2-commit.217f559981

package/src/l1_tx_utils/l1_tx_utils.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
+import type { BlobKzgInstance } from '@aztec/blob-lib/types';
 import { maxBigint } from '@aztec/foundation/bigint';
 import { merge, pick } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { InterruptError, TimeoutError } from '@aztec/foundation/error';
 import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { sleep } from '@aztec/foundation/sleep';
 import { DateProvider } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
@@ -27,9 +28,10 @@ import { jsonRpc } from 'viem/nonce';
 import type { ViemClient } from '../types.js';
 import { formatViemError } from '../utils.js';
 import { type L1TxUtilsConfig, l1TxUtilsConfigMappings } from './config.js';
-import { LARGE_GAS_LIMIT } from './constants.js';
+import { MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT } from './constants.js';
 import type { IL1TxMetrics, IL1TxStore } from './interfaces.js';
 import { ReadOnlyL1TxUtils } from './readonly_l1_tx_utils.js';
+import { Delayer, createDelayer, wrapClientWithDelayer } from './tx_delayer.js';
 import {
   DroppedTransactionError,
   type L1BlobInputs,
@@ -47,6 +49,10 @@ const MAX_L1_TX_STATES = 32;
 export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
   protected nonceManager: NonceManager;
   protected txs: L1TxState[] = [];
+  /** Tx delayer for testing. Only set when enableDelayer config is true. */
+  public delayer?: Delayer;
+  /** KZG instance for blob operations. */
+  protected kzg?: BlobKzgInstance;
 
   constructor(
     public override client: ViemClient,
@@ -58,9 +64,26 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
     debugMaxGasLimit: boolean = false,
     protected store?: IL1TxStore,
     protected metrics?: IL1TxMetrics,
+    kzg?: BlobKzgInstance,
+    delayer?: Delayer,
   ) {
     super(client, logger, dateProvider, config, debugMaxGasLimit);
     this.nonceManager = createNonceManager({ source: jsonRpc() });
+    this.kzg = kzg;
+
+    // Set up delayer: use provided one or create new
+    if (config?.enableDelayer && config?.ethereumSlotDuration) {
+      this.delayer =
+        delayer ?? this.createDelayer({ ethereumSlotDuration: config.ethereumSlotDuration }, logger.getBindings());
+      this.client = wrapClientWithDelayer(this.client, this.delayer);
+      if (config.txDelayerMaxInclusionTimeIntoSlot !== undefined) {
+        this.delayer.setMaxInclusionTimeIntoSlot(config.txDelayerMaxInclusionTimeIntoSlot);
+      }
+    } else if (delayer) {
+      // Delayer provided but enableDelayer not set — just store it without wrapping
+      logger.warn('Delayer provided but enableDelayer config is not set; delayer will not be used');
+      this.delayer = delayer;
+    }
   }
 
   public get state() {
@@ -130,12 +153,32 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
       return;
     }
 
-    // Convert loaded states (which have id) to the txs format
-    this.txs = loadedStates;
-    this.logger.info(`Rehydrated ${loadedStates.length} tx states for account ${account}`);
+    // Clean up excess states if we have more than MAX_L1_TX_STATES
+    if (loadedStates.length > MAX_L1_TX_STATES) {
+      this.logger.warn(
+        `Found ${loadedStates.length} tx states for account ${account}, pruning to most recent ${MAX_L1_TX_STATES}`,
+      );
+
+      // Keep only the most recent MAX_L1_TX_STATES
+      const statesToKeep = loadedStates.slice(-MAX_L1_TX_STATES);
+      const statesToDelete = loadedStates.slice(0, -MAX_L1_TX_STATES);
+
+      // Batch delete old states in a transaction for efficiency
+      const idsToDelete = statesToDelete.map(s => s.id);
+      await this.store.deleteState(account, ...idsToDelete);
+
+      this.txs = statesToKeep;
+      this.logger.info(
+        `Cleaned up ${statesToDelete.length} old tx states, kept ${statesToKeep.length} for account ${account}`,
+      );
+    } else {
+      // Convert loaded states (which have id) to the txs format
+      this.txs = loadedStates;
+      this.logger.info(`Rehydrated ${loadedStates.length} tx states for account ${account}`);
+    }
 
     // Find all pending states and resume monitoring
-    const pendingStates = loadedStates.filter(state => !TerminalTxUtilsState.includes(state.status));
+    const pendingStates = this.txs.filter(state => !TerminalTxUtilsState.includes(state.status));
     if (pendingStates.length === 0) {
       return;
     }
@@ -187,7 +230,7 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
 
       let gasLimit: bigint;
       if (this.debugMaxGasLimit) {
-        gasLimit = LARGE_GAS_LIMIT;
+        gasLimit = MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT;
       } else if (gasConfig.gasLimit) {
         gasLimit = gasConfig.gasLimit;
       } else {
@@ -201,6 +244,16 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         throw new InterruptError(`Transaction sending is interrupted`);
       }
 
+      // Check timeout before consuming nonce to avoid leaking a nonce that was never sent.
+      // A leaked nonce creates a gap (e.g. nonce 107 consumed but unsent), so all subsequent
+      // transactions (108, 109, ...) can never be mined since the chain expects 107 first.
+      const now = new Date(await this.getL1Timestamp());
+      if (gasConfig.txTimeoutAt && now > gasConfig.txTimeoutAt) {
+        throw new TimeoutError(
+          `Transaction timed out before sending (now ${now.toISOString()} > timeoutAt ${gasConfig.txTimeoutAt.toISOString()})`,
+        );
+      }
+
       const nonce = await this.nonceManager.consume({
         client: this.client,
         address: account,
@@ -210,13 +263,6 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
       const baseState = { request, gasLimit, blobInputs, gasPrice, nonce };
       const txData = this.makeTxData(baseState, { isCancelTx: false });
 
-      const now = new Date(await this.getL1Timestamp());
-      if (gasConfig.txTimeoutAt && now > gasConfig.txTimeoutAt) {
-        throw new TimeoutError(
-          `Transaction timed out before sending (now ${now.toISOString()} > timeoutAt ${gasConfig.txTimeoutAt.toISOString()})`,
-        );
-      }
-
       // Send the new tx
       const signedRequest = await this.prepareSignedTransaction(txData);
       const txHash = await this.client.sendRawTransaction({ serializedTransaction: signedRequest });
@@ -263,7 +309,7 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
       return { txHash, state: l1TxState };
     } catch (err: any) {
       const viemError = formatViemError(err, request.abi);
-      this.logger.error(`Failed to send L1 transaction`, viemError, {
+      this.logger.error(`Failed to send L1 transaction: ${viemError.message}`, viemError, {
         request: pick(request, 'to', 'value'),
       });
       throw viemError;
@@ -611,12 +657,12 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
       from: request.from ?? this.getSenderAddress().toString(),
       maxFeePerGas: gasPrice.maxFeePerGas,
       maxPriorityFeePerGas: gasPrice.maxPriorityFeePerGas,
-      gas: request.gas ?? LARGE_GAS_LIMIT,
+      gas: request.gas ?? MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT,
     };
 
     if (!request.gas && !gasConfig.ignoreBlockGasLimit) {
-      // LARGE_GAS_LIMIT is set as call.gas, increase block gasLimit
-      blockOverrides.gasLimit = LARGE_GAS_LIMIT * 2n;
+      // MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT is set as call.gas, ensure block gasLimit is sufficient
+      blockOverrides.gasLimit = MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT;
     }
 
     return this._simulate(call, blockOverrides, stateOverrides, gasConfig, abi);
@@ -711,8 +757,17 @@ export class L1TxUtils extends ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
     return Number(timestamp) * 1000;
   }
 
-  /** Makes empty blob inputs for the cancellation tx. To be overridden in L1TxUtilsWithBlobs. */
-  protected makeEmptyBlobInputs(_maxFeePerBlobGas: bigint): Required<L1BlobInputs> {
-    throw new Error('Cannot make empty blob inputs for cancellation');
+  /** Makes empty blob inputs for the cancellation tx. */
+  protected makeEmptyBlobInputs(maxFeePerBlobGas: bigint): Required<L1BlobInputs> {
+    if (!this.kzg) {
+      throw new Error('Cannot make empty blob inputs for cancellation without kzg');
+    }
+    const blobData = new Uint8Array(131072).fill(0);
+    return { blobs: [blobData], kzg: this.kzg, maxFeePerBlobGas };
+  }
+
+  /** Creates a new delayer instance. */
+  protected createDelayer(opts: { ethereumSlotDuration: bigint | number }, bindings: LoggerBindings): Delayer {
+    return createDelayer(this.dateProvider, opts, bindings);
   }
 }

package/src/l1_tx_utils/readonly_l1_tx_utils.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { getKeys, merge, pick, times } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+import type { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
 import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { makeBackoff, retry } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { DateProvider } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   type BaseError,
   type BlockOverrides,
   type ContractFunctionExecutionError,
+  type GetCodeReturnType,
   type Hex,
   MethodNotFoundRpcError,
   MethodNotSupportedRpcError,
@@ -25,14 +27,18 @@ import type { ViemClient } from '../types.js';
 import { type L1TxUtilsConfig, defaultL1TxUtilsConfig, l1TxUtilsConfigMappings } from './config.js';
 import {
   BLOCK_TIME_MS,
-  LARGE_GAS_LIMIT,
+  MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT,
   MIN_BLOB_REPLACEMENT_BUMP_PERCENTAGE,
   MIN_REPLACEMENT_BUMP_PERCENTAGE,
   WEI_CONST,
 } from './constants.js';
+import { P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy, type PriorityFeeStrategy } from './fee-strategies/index.js';
 import type { GasPrice, L1BlobInputs, L1TxRequest, TransactionStats } from './types.js';
 import { getCalldataGasUsage, tryGetCustomErrorNameContractFunction } from './utils.js';
 
+// Change this to the current strategy we want to use
+const CurrentStrategy: PriorityFeeStrategy = P75AllTxsPriorityFeeStrategy;
+
 export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
   public config: Required<L1TxUtilsConfig>;
   protected interrupted = false;
@@ -63,6 +69,10 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
     return this.client.getBlockNumber();
   }
 
+  public getCode(address: EthAddress): Promise<GetCodeReturnType> {
+    return this.client.getCode({ address: address.toString() });
+  }
+
   /**
    * Gets the current gas price with bounds checking
    */
@@ -73,39 +83,48 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
     previousGasPrice?: typeof attempt extends 0 ? never : GasPrice,
   ): Promise<GasPrice> {
     const gasConfig = merge(this.config, gasConfigOverrides);
-    const block = await this.client.getBlock({ blockTag: 'latest' });
-    const baseFee = block.baseFeePerGas ?? 0n;
-
-    // Get blob base fee if available
-    let blobBaseFee = 0n;
-    if (isBlobTx) {
-      try {
-        blobBaseFee = await retry<bigint>(
-          () => this.client.getBlobBaseFee(),
-          'Getting L1 blob base fee',
-          makeBackoff(times(2, () => 1)),
-          this.logger,
-          true,
-        );
-      } catch {
-        this.logger?.warn('Failed to get L1 blob base fee', attempt);
-      }
+
+    // Execute strategy - it handles all RPC calls internally and returns everything we need
+    const strategyResult = await retry(
+      () =>
+        CurrentStrategy.execute(this.client, {
+          gasConfig,
+          isBlobTx,
+          logger: this.logger,
+        }),
+      'Executing priority fee strategy',
+      makeBackoff(times(2, () => 0)),
+      this.logger,
+      true,
+    );
+
+    const { latestBlock, blobBaseFee, priorityFee: strategyPriorityFee } = strategyResult;
+
+    // Extract base fee from latest block
+    const baseFee = latestBlock.baseFeePerGas ?? 0n;
+
+    // Handle blob base fee
+    if (isBlobTx && blobBaseFee === undefined) {
+      this.logger?.warn('Failed to get L1 blob base fee', attempt);
     }
 
-    let priorityFee: bigint;
-    if (gasConfig.fixedPriorityFeePerGas) {
-      this.logger?.debug('Using fixed priority fee per L1 gas', {
-        fixedPriorityFeePerGas: gasConfig.fixedPriorityFeePerGas,
-      });
-      // try to maintain precision up to 1000000 wei
-      priorityFee = BigInt(gasConfig.fixedPriorityFeePerGas * 1_000_000) * (WEI_CONST / 1_000_000n);
-    } else {
-      // Get initial priority fee from the network
-      priorityFee = await this.client.estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas();
+    let priorityFee = strategyPriorityFee;
+
+    // Apply minimum priority fee floor if configured
+    if (gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas) {
+      const minimumPriorityFee = BigInt(Math.trunc(gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas * Number(WEI_CONST)));
+      if (priorityFee < minimumPriorityFee) {
+        this.logger?.debug('Applying minimum priority fee floor', {
+          calculatedPriorityFee: formatGwei(priorityFee),
+          minimumPriorityFeePerGas: gasConfig.minimumPriorityFeePerGas,
+          appliedFee: formatGwei(minimumPriorityFee),
+        });
+        priorityFee = minimumPriorityFee;
+      }
     }
     let maxFeePerGas = baseFee;
 
-    let maxFeePerBlobGas = blobBaseFee;
+    let maxFeePerBlobGas = blobBaseFee ?? 0n;
 
     // Bump base fee so it's valid for next blocks if it stalls
     const numBlocks = Math.ceil(gasConfig.stallTimeMs! / BLOCK_TIME_MS);
@@ -115,6 +134,7 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
       // same for blob gas fee
       maxFeePerBlobGas = (maxFeePerBlobGas * (1_000n + 125n)) / 1_000n;
     }
+
     if (attempt > 0) {
       const configBump =
         gasConfig.priorityFeeRetryBumpPercentage ?? defaultL1TxUtilsConfig.priorityFeeRetryBumpPercentage!;
@@ -129,29 +149,50 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         (previousGasPrice!.maxPriorityFeePerGas * (100_00n + BigInt(bumpPercentage * 1_00))) / 100_00n;
       const minMaxFee = (previousGasPrice!.maxFeePerGas * (100_00n + BigInt(bumpPercentage * 1_00))) / 100_00n;
 
-      // Add priority fee to maxFeePerGas
-      maxFeePerGas += priorityFee;
+      // Apply bump percentage to competitive fee
+      const competitivePriorityFee = (priorityFee * (100_00n + BigInt(configBump * 1_00))) / 100_00n;
+
+      this.logger?.debug(`Speed-up attempt ${attempt}: using competitive fee strategy`, {
+        networkEstimate: formatGwei(priorityFee),
+        competitiveFee: formatGwei(competitivePriorityFee),
+        minRequired: formatGwei(minPriorityFee),
+        bumpPercentage: configBump,
+      });
+
+      // Use maximum between competitive fee and minimum required bump
+      const finalPriorityFee = competitivePriorityFee > minPriorityFee ? competitivePriorityFee : minPriorityFee;
+      const feeSource = finalPriorityFee === competitivePriorityFee ? 'competitive' : 'minimum-bump';
 
-      // Use maximum between current network values and minimum required values
-      priorityFee = priorityFee > minPriorityFee ? priorityFee : minPriorityFee;
+      priorityFee = finalPriorityFee;
+      // Add the final priority fee to maxFeePerGas
+      maxFeePerGas += finalPriorityFee;
       maxFeePerGas = maxFeePerGas > minMaxFee ? maxFeePerGas : minMaxFee;
+
+      this.logger?.debug(`Speed-up fee decision: using ${feeSource} fee`, {
+        finalPriorityFee: formatGwei(finalPriorityFee),
+      });
     } else {
-      // first attempt, just bump priority fee, unless it's a fixed config
+      // First attempt: apply configured bump percentage to competitive fee
       // multiply by 100 & divide by 100 to maintain some precision
-      if (!gasConfig.fixedPriorityFeePerGas) {
-        priorityFee = (priorityFee * (100_00n + BigInt((gasConfig.priorityFeeBumpPercentage || 0) * 1_00))) / 100_00n;
-      }
+      priorityFee = (priorityFee * (100_00n + BigInt((gasConfig.priorityFeeBumpPercentage || 0) * 1_00))) / 100_00n;
+      this.logger?.debug('Initial transaction: using competitive fee from market analysis', {
+        networkEstimate: formatGwei(priorityFee),
+      });
       maxFeePerGas += priorityFee;
     }
 
+    // maxGwei and maxBlobGwei are hard limits
+    const effectiveMaxGwei = BigInt(Math.trunc(gasConfig.maxGwei! * Number(WEI_CONST)));
+    const effectiveMaxBlobGwei = BigInt(Math.trunc(gasConfig.maxBlobGwei! * Number(WEI_CONST)));
+
     // Ensure we don't exceed maxGwei
-    const maxGweiInWei = gasConfig.maxGwei! * WEI_CONST;
-    maxFeePerGas = maxFeePerGas > maxGweiInWei ? maxGweiInWei : maxFeePerGas;
+    if (effectiveMaxGwei > 0n) {
+      maxFeePerGas = maxFeePerGas > effectiveMaxGwei ? effectiveMaxGwei : maxFeePerGas;
+    }
 
     // Ensure we don't exceed maxBlobGwei
-    if (maxFeePerBlobGas) {
-      const maxBlobGweiInWei = gasConfig.maxBlobGwei! * WEI_CONST;
-      maxFeePerBlobGas = maxFeePerBlobGas > maxBlobGweiInWei ? maxBlobGweiInWei : maxFeePerBlobGas;
+    if (maxFeePerBlobGas && effectiveMaxBlobGwei > 0n) {
+      maxFeePerBlobGas = maxFeePerBlobGas > effectiveMaxBlobGwei ? effectiveMaxBlobGwei : maxFeePerBlobGas;
     }
 
     // Ensure priority fee doesn't exceed max fee
@@ -177,7 +218,7 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         baseFee: formatGwei(baseFee),
         maxFeePerGas: formatGwei(maxFeePerGas),
         maxPriorityFeePerGas: formatGwei(maxPriorityFeePerGas),
-        blobBaseFee: formatGwei(blobBaseFee),
+        blobBaseFee: formatGwei(blobBaseFee ?? 0n),
         maxFeePerBlobGas: formatGwei(maxFeePerBlobGas),
       },
     );
@@ -208,12 +249,18 @@ export class ReadOnlyL1TxUtils {
         ...request,
         ..._blobInputs,
         maxFeePerBlobGas: gasPrice.maxFeePerBlobGas!,
-        gas: LARGE_GAS_LIMIT,
+        gas: MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT,
+        blockTag: 'latest',
       });
 
       this.logger?.trace(`Estimated gas for blob tx: ${initialEstimate}`);
     } else {
-      initialEstimate = await this.client.estimateGas({ account, ...request, gas: LARGE_GAS_LIMIT });
+      initialEstimate = await this.client.estimateGas({
+        account,
+        ...request,
+        gas: MAX_L1_TX_LIMIT,
+        blockTag: 'latest',
+      });
       this.logger?.trace(`Estimated gas for non-blob tx: ${initialEstimate}`);
     }
 

package/src/{test → l1_tx_utils}/tx_delayer.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { omit } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
-import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import type { DateProvider } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 
@@ -9,14 +9,18 @@ import {
   type Hex,
   type PublicClient,
   type TransactionSerializableEIP4844,
+  type TransactionSerialized,
   keccak256,
   parseTransaction,
   publicActions,
+  recoverTransactionAddress,
   serializeTransaction,
   walletActions,
 } from 'viem';
 
-import { type ViemClient, isExtendedClient } from '../types.js';
+import type { ExtendedViemWalletClient, ViemClient } from '../types.js';
+
+const MAX_WAIT_TIME_SECONDS = 180;
 
 export function waitUntilBlock<T extends Client>(
   client: T,
@@ -36,7 +40,7 @@ export function waitUntilBlock<T extends Client>(
       return currentBlockNumber >= BigInt(blockNumber);
     },
     `Wait until L1 block ${blockNumber}`,
-    timeout ?? 120,
+    timeout ?? MAX_WAIT_TIME_SECONDS,
     0.1,
   );
 }
@@ -66,87 +70,103 @@ export function waitUntilL1Timestamp<T extends Client>(
       return currentTs >= BigInt(timestamp);
     },
     `Wait until L1 timestamp ${timestamp}`,
-    timeout ?? 120,
+    timeout ?? MAX_WAIT_TIME_SECONDS,
     0.1,
   );
 }
 
-export interface Delayer {
-  /** Returns the hashes of all effectively sent txs. */
-  getSentTxHashes(): Hex[];
-  /** Returns the raw hex for all cancelled txs. */
-  getCancelledTxs(): Hex[];
-  /** Delays the next tx to be sent so it lands on the given L1 block number. */
-  pauseNextTxUntilBlock(l1BlockNumber: number | bigint | undefined): void;
-  /** Delays the next tx to be sent so it lands on the given timestamp. */
-  pauseNextTxUntilTimestamp(l1Timestamp: number | bigint | undefined): void;
-  /** Delays the next tx to be sent indefinitely. */
-  cancelNextTx(): void;
-  /**
-   * Sets max inclusion time into slot. If more than this many seconds have passed
-   * since the last L1 block was mined, then any tx will not be mined in the current
-   * L1 slot but will be deferred for the next one.
-   */
-  setMaxInclusionTimeIntoSlot(seconds: number | bigint | undefined): void;
-}
+/** Manages tx delaying for testing, intercepting sendRawTransaction calls to delay or cancel them. */
+export class Delayer {
+  private logger: Logger;
+
+  public maxInclusionTimeIntoSlot: number | undefined = undefined;
+  public ethereumSlotDuration: bigint;
+  public nextWait: { l1Timestamp: bigint } | { l1BlockNumber: bigint } | { indefinitely: true } | undefined = undefined;
+  public sentTxHashes: Hex[] = [];
+  public cancelledTxs: Hex[] = [];
 
-class DelayerImpl implements Delayer {
-  private logger = createLogger('ethereum:tx_delayer');
   constructor(
     public dateProvider: DateProvider,
     opts: { ethereumSlotDuration: bigint | number },
+    bindings: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
     this.ethereumSlotDuration = BigInt(opts.ethereumSlotDuration);
+    this.logger = createLogger('ethereum:tx_delayer', bindings);
   }
 
-  public maxInclusionTimeIntoSlot: number | undefined = undefined;
-  public ethereumSlotDuration: bigint;
-  public nextWait: { l1Timestamp: bigint } | { l1BlockNumber: bigint } | { indefinitely: true } | undefined = undefined;
-  public sentTxHashes: Hex[] = [];
-  public cancelledTxs: Hex[] = [];
+  /** Returns the logger instance used by this delayer. */
+  getLogger(): Logger {
+    return this.logger;
+  }
 
+  /** Returns the hashes of all effectively sent txs. */
   getSentTxHashes() {
     return this.sentTxHashes;
   }
 
+  /** Returns the raw hex for all cancelled txs. */
   getCancelledTxs(): Hex[] {
     return this.cancelledTxs;
   }
 
+  /** Delays the next tx to be sent so it lands on the given L1 block number. */
   pauseNextTxUntilBlock(l1BlockNumber: number | bigint) {
     this.nextWait = { l1BlockNumber: BigInt(l1BlockNumber) };
   }
 
+  /** Delays the next tx to be sent so it lands on the given timestamp. */
   pauseNextTxUntilTimestamp(l1Timestamp: number | bigint) {
     this.nextWait = { l1Timestamp: BigInt(l1Timestamp) };
   }
 
+  /** Delays the next tx to be sent indefinitely. */
   cancelNextTx() {
     this.nextWait = { indefinitely: true };
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Sets max inclusion time into slot. If more than this many seconds have passed
+   * since the last L1 block was mined, then any tx will not be mined in the current
+   * L1 slot but will be deferred for the next one.
+   */
   setMaxInclusionTimeIntoSlot(seconds: number | undefined) {
     this.maxInclusionTimeIntoSlot = seconds;
   }
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns a new client (without modifying the one passed in) with an injected tx delayer.
- * The delayer can be used to hold off the next tx to be sent until a given block number.
- * TODO(#10824): This doesn't play along well with blob txs for some reason.
+ * Creates a new Delayer instance. Exposed so callers can create a single shared delayer
+ * and pass it to multiple `wrapClientWithDelayer` calls.
  */
-export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
-  client: T,
+export function createDelayer(
   dateProvider: DateProvider,
   opts: { ethereumSlotDuration: bigint | number },
-): { client: T; delayer: Delayer } {
-  if (!isExtendedClient(client)) {
-    throw new Error('withDelayer has to be instantiated with a wallet viem client.');
+  bindings: LoggerBindings,
+): Delayer {
+  return new Delayer(dateProvider, opts, bindings);
+}
+
+/** Tries to recover the sender address from a serialized signed transaction. */
+async function tryRecoverSender(serializedTransaction: Hex): Promise<string | undefined> {
+  try {
+    return await recoverTransactionAddress({
+      serializedTransaction: serializedTransaction as TransactionSerialized,
+    });
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
   }
-  const logger = createLogger('ethereum:tx_delayer');
-  const delayer = new DelayerImpl(dateProvider, opts);
+}
 
-  const extended = client
+/**
+ * Wraps a viem client with tx delaying logic. Returns the wrapped client.
+ * The delayer intercepts sendRawTransaction calls and delays them based on the delayer's state.
+ */
+export function wrapClientWithDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(client: T, delayer: Delayer): T {
+  const logger = delayer.getLogger();
+
+  // Cast to ExtendedViemWalletClient for the extend chain since it has sendRawTransaction.
+  // The sendRawTransaction override is applied to all clients regardless of type.
+  const withRawTx = (client as unknown as ExtendedViemWalletClient)
     // Tweak sendRawTransaction so it uses the delay defined in the delayer.
     // Note that this will only work with local accounts (ie accounts for which we have the private key).
     // Transactions signed by the node will not be delayed since they use sendTransaction directly,
@@ -158,6 +178,7 @@ export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
 
         const { serializedTransaction } = args[0];
         const publicClient = client as unknown as PublicClient;
+        const sender = await tryRecoverSender(serializedTransaction);
 
         if (delayer.nextWait !== undefined) {
           // Check if we have been instructed to delay the next tx.
@@ -169,7 +190,7 @@ export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
 
           // Cancel tx outright if instructed
           if ('indefinitely' in waitUntil && waitUntil.indefinitely) {
-            logger.info(`Cancelling tx ${txHash}`);
+            logger.info(`Cancelling tx ${txHash}`, { sender });
             delayer.cancelledTxs.push(serializedTransaction);
             return Promise.resolve(txHash);
           }
@@ -183,6 +204,7 @@ export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
                 : undefined;
 
           logger.info(`Delaying tx ${txHash} until ${inspect(waitUntil)}`, {
+            sender,
             argsLen: args.length,
             ...omit(parseTransaction(serializedTransaction), 'data', 'sidecars'),
           });
@@ -194,6 +216,7 @@ export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
 
           txHash = computeTxHash(serializedTransaction);
           const logData = {
+            sender,
             ...omit(parseTransaction(serializedTransaction), 'data', 'sidecars'),
             lastBlockTimestamp,
             now,
@@ -223,28 +246,35 @@ export function withDelayer<T extends ViemClient>(
                   computedTxHash: txHash,
                 });
               }
-              logger.info(`Sent previously delayed tx ${clientTxHash}`);
+              logger.info(`Sent previously delayed tx ${clientTxHash}`, { sender });
               delayer.sentTxHashes.push(clientTxHash);
             })
             .catch(err => logger.error(`Error sending tx after delay`, err));
           return Promise.resolve(txHash!);
         } else {
           const txHash = await client.sendRawTransaction(...args);
-          logger.verbose(`Sent tx immediately ${txHash}`);
+          logger.debug(`Sent tx immediately ${txHash}`, { sender });
           delayer.sentTxHashes.push(txHash);
           return txHash;
         }
       },
-    }))
-    // Re-extend with sendTransaction so it uses the modified sendRawTransaction.
-    .extend(client => ({ sendTransaction: walletActions(client).sendTransaction }))
-    // And with the actions that depend on the modified sendTransaction
-    .extend(client => ({
-      writeContract: walletActions(client).writeContract,
-      deployContract: walletActions(client).deployContract,
-    })) as T;
+    }));
+
+  // Only re-bind wallet actions (sendTransaction, writeContract, deployContract) for wallet clients.
+  // This is needed for tests that use wallet actions directly rather than sendRawTransaction.
+  const isWalletClient = 'account' in client && client.account !== undefined;
+  const extended = isWalletClient
+    ? withRawTx
+        // Re-extend with sendTransaction so it uses the modified sendRawTransaction.
+        .extend(client => ({ sendTransaction: walletActions(client).sendTransaction }))
+        // And with the actions that depend on the modified sendTransaction
+        .extend(client => ({
+          writeContract: walletActions(client).writeContract,
+          deployContract: walletActions(client).deployContract,
+        }))
+    : withRawTx;
 
-  return { client: extended, delayer };
+  return extended as T;
 }
 
 /**