@aztec/end-to-end 0.0.1-commit.ec5f612 → 0.0.1-commit.ec7ac5448

package/src/spartan/setup_test_wallets.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { generateSchnorrAccounts } from '@aztec/accounts/testing';
+import { NO_FROM } from '@aztec/aztec.js/account';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/aztec.js/addresses';
 import { NO_WAIT } from '@aztec/aztec.js/contracts';
 import { L1FeeJuicePortalManager } from '@aztec/aztec.js/ethereum';
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ import type { Wallet } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
 import { createEthereumChain } from '@aztec/ethereum/chain';
 import { createExtendedL1Client } from '@aztec/ethereum/client';
 import type { Logger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
-import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
+import { makeBackoff, retry, retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { TokenContract } from '@aztec/noir-contracts.js/Token';
 import type { AztecNodeAdmin } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
 import { registerInitialLocalNetworkAccountsInWallet } from '@aztec/wallets/testing';
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ export async function deploySponsoredTestAccountsWithTokens(
   const paymentMethod = new SponsoredFeePaymentMethod(await getSponsoredFPCAddress());
   const recipientDeployMethod = await recipientAccount.getDeployMethod();
   await recipientDeployMethod.send({
-    from: AztecAddress.ZERO,
+    from: NO_FROM,
     fee: { paymentMethod },
     wait: { timeout: 2400 },
   });
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ export async function deploySponsoredTestAccountsWithTokens(
     fundedAccounts.map(async a => {
       const deployMethod = await a.getDeployMethod();
       await deployMethod.send({
-        from: AztecAddress.ZERO,
+        from: NO_FROM,
         fee: { paymentMethod },
         wait: { timeout: 2400 },
       }); // increase timeout on purpose in order to account for two empty epochs
@@ -129,53 +130,91 @@ export async function deploySponsoredTestAccountsWithTokens(
 }
 
 async function deployAccountWithDiagnostics(
-  account: { getDeployMethod: () => Promise<{ send: (opts: any) => any }>; address: any },
+  account: { getDeployMethod: () => Promise<{ simulate: (opts: any) => any; send: (opts: any) => any }>; address: any },
   paymentMethod: SponsoredFeePaymentMethod,
   aztecNode: AztecNode,
   logger: Logger,
   accountLabel: string,
+  estimateGas?: boolean,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const deployMethod = await account.getDeployMethod();
-  let txHash;
-  try {
-    txHash = await deployMethod.send({
-      from: AztecAddress.ZERO,
-      fee: { paymentMethod },
-      wait: NO_WAIT,
-    });
-    await waitForTx(aztecNode, txHash, { timeout: 2400 });
-    logger.info(`${accountLabel} deployed at ${account.address}`);
-  } catch (error) {
-    const blockNumber = await aztecNode.getBlockNumber();
-    let receipt;
-    try {
-      receipt = await aztecNode.getTxReceipt(txHash);
-    } catch {
-      receipt = 'unavailable';
-    }
-    logger.error(`${accountLabel} deployment failed`, {
-      txHash: txHash.toString(),
-      receipt: JSON.stringify(receipt),
-      currentBlockNumber: blockNumber,
-      error: String(error),
-    });
-    throw error;
+  let gasSettings: any;
+  if (estimateGas) {
+    const sim = await deployMethod.simulate({ from: NO_FROM, fee: { paymentMethod } });
+    gasSettings = sim.estimatedGas;
+    logger.info(`${accountLabel} estimated gas: DA=${gasSettings.gasLimits.daGas} L2=${gasSettings.gasLimits.l2Gas}`);
   }
+
+  // Track the tx hash across retries so we don't re-send when the previous tx is still pending.
+  let sentTxHash: { txHash: any } | undefined;
+
+  await retry(
+    async () => {
+      // Check if already deployed (handles case where previous attempt succeeded but waitForTx timed out)
+      const existing = await aztecNode.getContract(account.address);
+      if (existing) {
+        logger.info(`${accountLabel} already deployed at ${account.address}, skipping`);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // If we already sent a tx, check if it was dropped before deciding to re-send.
+      if (sentTxHash) {
+        const prevReceipt = await aztecNode.getTxReceipt(sentTxHash.txHash);
+        if (prevReceipt.isDropped()) {
+          logger.info(`${accountLabel} previous tx ${sentTxHash.txHash} was dropped, re-sending`);
+          sentTxHash = undefined;
+        } else {
+          logger.info(`${accountLabel} previous tx ${sentTxHash.txHash} still pending, waiting again...`);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!sentTxHash) {
+        const deployResult = await deployMethod.send({
+          from: NO_FROM,
+          fee: { paymentMethod, gasSettings },
+          wait: NO_WAIT,
+        });
+        sentTxHash = { txHash: deployResult.txHash };
+        logger.info(`${accountLabel} tx sent`, { txHash: sentTxHash.txHash.toString() });
+      }
+
+      const receipt = await waitForTx(aztecNode, sentTxHash.txHash, { timeout: 600 });
+      if (receipt.isDropped()) {
+        sentTxHash = undefined;
+        throw new Error(`${accountLabel} tx was dropped, retrying...`);
+      }
+      logger.info(`${accountLabel} deployed at ${account.address}`);
+    },
+    `deploy ${accountLabel}`,
+    makeBackoff([1, 2, 4, 8, 16]),
+    logger,
+  );
 }
 
 async function deployAccountsInBatches(
-  accounts: { getDeployMethod: () => Promise<{ send: (opts: any) => any }>; address: any }[],
+  accounts: {
+    getDeployMethod: () => Promise<{ simulate: (opts: any) => any; send: (opts: any) => any }>;
+    address: any;
+  }[],
   paymentMethod: SponsoredFeePaymentMethod,
   aztecNode: AztecNode,
   logger: Logger,
   labelPrefix: string,
   batchSize = 2,
+  estimateGas?: boolean,
 ): Promise<void> {
   for (let i = 0; i < accounts.length; i += batchSize) {
     const batch = accounts.slice(i, i + batchSize);
     await Promise.all(
       batch.map((account, idx) =>
-        deployAccountWithDiagnostics(account, paymentMethod, aztecNode, logger, `${labelPrefix}${i + idx + 1}`),
+        deployAccountWithDiagnostics(
+          account,
+          paymentMethod,
+          aztecNode,
+          logger,
+          `${labelPrefix}${i + idx + 1}`,
+          estimateGas,
+        ),
       ),
     );
   }
@@ -186,6 +225,7 @@ export async function deploySponsoredTestAccounts(
   aztecNode: AztecNode,
   logger: Logger,
   numberOfFundedWallets = 1,
+  opts?: { estimateGas?: boolean },
 ): Promise<TestAccountsWithoutTokens> {
   const [recipient, ...funded] = await generateSchnorrAccounts(numberOfFundedWallets + 1);
   const recipientAccount = await wallet.createSchnorrAccount(recipient.secret, recipient.salt);
@@ -195,8 +235,23 @@ export async function deploySponsoredTestAccounts(
 
   const paymentMethod = new SponsoredFeePaymentMethod(await getSponsoredFPCAddress());
 
-  await deployAccountWithDiagnostics(recipientAccount, paymentMethod, aztecNode, logger, 'Recipient account');
-  await deployAccountsInBatches(fundedAccounts, paymentMethod, aztecNode, logger, 'Funded account ', 2);
+  await deployAccountWithDiagnostics(
+    recipientAccount,
+    paymentMethod,
+    aztecNode,
+    logger,
+    'Recipient account',
+    opts?.estimateGas,
+  );
+  await deployAccountsInBatches(
+    fundedAccounts,
+    paymentMethod,
+    aztecNode,
+    logger,
+    'Funded account ',
+    2,
+    opts?.estimateGas,
+  );
 
   return {
     aztecNode,
@@ -234,7 +289,7 @@ export async function deployTestAccountsWithTokens(
     fundedAccounts.map(async (a, i) => {
       const paymentMethod = new FeeJuicePaymentMethodWithClaim(a.address, claims[i]);
       const deployMethod = await a.getDeployMethod();
-      await deployMethod.send({ from: AztecAddress.ZERO, fee: { paymentMethod } });
+      await deployMethod.send({ from: NO_FROM, fee: { paymentMethod } });
       logger.info(`Account deployed at ${a.address}`);
     }),
   );
@@ -278,7 +333,7 @@ async function bridgeL1FeeJuice(
   const claim = await portal.bridgeTokensPublic(recipient, amount, true /* mint */);
 
   const isSynced = async () =>
-    (await aztecNode.getL1ToL2MessageBlock(Fr.fromHexString(claim.messageHash))) !== undefined;
+    (await aztecNode.getL1ToL2MessageCheckpoint(Fr.fromHexString(claim.messageHash))) !== undefined;
   await retryUntil(isSynced, `message ${claim.messageHash} sync`, 24, 0.5);
 
   log.info(`Created a claim for ${amount} L1 fee juice to ${recipient}.`, claim);
@@ -321,7 +376,7 @@ async function deployTokenAndMint(
     fee: {
       paymentMethod,
     },
-    wait: { timeout: 600, returnReceipt: true },
+    wait: { timeout: 600 },
   });
 
   const tokenAddress = tokenContract.address;

package/src/spartan/tx_metrics.ts

@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ export class TxInclusionMetrics {
           value: stats.mean,
         },
         {
-          name: `${group}/median_inclusion`,
+          name: `${group}/p50_inclusion`,
           unit: 's',
           value: stats.median,
         },

package/src/spartan/utils/config.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ const logger = createLogger('e2e:k8s-utils');
 const testConfigSchema = z.object({
   NAMESPACE: z.string().default('scenario'),
   REAL_VERIFIER: schemas.Boolean.optional().default(true),
+  DEBUG_FORCE_TX_PROOF_VERIFICATION: schemas.Boolean.optional().default(true),
   CREATE_ETH_DEVNET: schemas.Boolean.optional().default(false),
   L1_RPC_URLS_JSON: z.string().optional(),
   L1_ACCOUNT_MNEMONIC: z.string().optional(),

package/src/spartan/utils/index.ts

@@ -66,3 +66,6 @@ export { getPublicViemClient, getL1DeploymentAddresses, getNodeClient } from './
 
 // Health checks
 export { ChainHealth, type ChainHealthSnapshot } from './health.js';
+
+// Pod log extraction
+export { type BlockBuiltLogEntry, fetchBlockBuiltLogs } from './pod_logs.js';

package/src/spartan/utils/pod_logs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import type { Logger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+
+import { exec } from 'child_process';
+import { promisify } from 'util';
+
+import { getSequencers } from './nodes.js';
+
+const execAsync = promisify(exec);
+
+/** Parsed l2-block-built stats from a sequencer pod log line. */
+export type BlockBuiltLogEntry = {
+  blockNumber: number;
+  txCount: number;
+  duration: number;
+  publicProcessDuration: number;
+  manaPerSec: number;
+  privateLogCount: number;
+  publicLogCount: number;
+  contractClassLogCount: number;
+  contractClassLogSize: number;
+};
+
+const FIELDS: (keyof BlockBuiltLogEntry)[] = [
+  'blockNumber',
+  'txCount',
+  'duration',
+  'publicProcessDuration',
+  'manaPerSec',
+  'privateLogCount',
+  'publicLogCount',
+  'contractClassLogCount',
+  'contractClassLogSize',
+];
+
+/**
+ * Fetches l2-block-built log entries from sequencer pods for given block numbers.
+ * Queries all validator pods (only the proposer will have the log for a given block).
+ *
+ * @param namespace - Kubernetes namespace
+ * @param sinceTime - ISO 8601 timestamp to limit log search (e.g., from before block building was re-enabled)
+ * @param blockNumbers - Set of block numbers to filter for
+ * @param logger - Logger instance
+ * @returns Array of parsed BlockBuiltLogEntry, de-duplicated by blockNumber, sorted ascending
+ */
+export async function fetchBlockBuiltLogs(
+  namespace: string,
+  sinceTime: string,
+  blockNumbers: Set<number>,
+  logger: Logger,
+): Promise<BlockBuiltLogEntry[]> {
+  const pods = await getSequencers(namespace);
+  const entriesByBlock = new Map<number, BlockBuiltLogEntry>();
+
+  // Subtract 60s from sinceTime to account for clock skew between test runner and k8s pods.
+  // Block number filtering ensures we only match the right blocks, so extra lines are harmless.
+  const sinceDate = new Date(new Date(sinceTime).getTime() - 60_000);
+  const sinceFlag = sinceDate.toISOString();
+
+  for (const pod of pods) {
+    try {
+      const cmd = `kubectl logs ${pod} -n ${namespace} -c aztec --since-time=${sinceFlag}`;
+      logger.info(`Fetching logs: ${cmd}`);
+      const { stdout } = await execAsync(cmd, { maxBuffer: 10 * 1024 * 1024 });
+
+      const lines = stdout.split('\n');
+      const matchingLines = lines.filter(l => l.includes('l2-block-built'));
+      logger.info(`Pod ${pod}: ${lines.length} log lines, ${matchingLines.length} contain l2-block-built`);
+
+      for (const line of matchingLines) {
+        try {
+          const parsed = JSON.parse(line);
+          if (parsed.eventName !== 'l2-block-built' || !blockNumbers.has(parsed.blockNumber)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          if (entriesByBlock.has(parsed.blockNumber)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          const entry: BlockBuiltLogEntry = {} as BlockBuiltLogEntry;
+          for (const field of FIELDS) {
+            entry[field] = parsed[field] ?? 0;
+          }
+          entriesByBlock.set(entry.blockNumber, entry);
+          logger.verbose(`Parsed l2-block-built log for block ${entry.blockNumber}`, entry);
+        } catch {
+          // Not valid JSON, skip
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      logger.warn(`Failed to fetch logs from pod ${pod}: ${err}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (entriesByBlock.size < blockNumbers.size) {
+    const missing = [...blockNumbers].filter(bn => !entriesByBlock.has(bn));
+    logger.warn(`Missing l2-block-built logs for block(s): ${missing.join(', ')}`);
+  }
+
+  return [...entriesByBlock.values()].sort((a, b) => a.blockNumber - b.blockNumber);
+}

package/src/test-wallet/test_wallet.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { EcdsaKAccountContract, EcdsaRAccountContract } from '@aztec/accounts/ecdsa';
 import { SchnorrAccountContract } from '@aztec/accounts/schnorr';
-import { StubAccountContractArtifact, createStubAccount } from '@aztec/accounts/stub';
-import { type Account, type AccountContract, SignerlessAccount } from '@aztec/aztec.js/account';
+import { StubEcdsaAccountContractArtifact, createStubEcdsaAccount } from '@aztec/accounts/stub/ecdsa';
+import { StubSchnorrAccountContractArtifact, createStubSchnorrAccount } from '@aztec/accounts/stub/schnorr';
+import { type Account, type AccountContract, NO_FROM } from '@aztec/aztec.js/account';
+import type { CompleteAddress } from '@aztec/aztec.js/addresses';
 import {
   type CallIntent,
   type ContractFunctionInteractionCallIntent,
@@ -13,10 +15,12 @@ import {
 } from '@aztec/aztec.js/authorization';
 import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/aztec.js/node';
 import { AccountManager, type SendOptions } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
+import { TxSimulationResultWithAppOffset } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
 import type { DefaultAccountEntrypointOptions } from '@aztec/entrypoints/account';
+import { DefaultEntrypoint } from '@aztec/entrypoints/default';
 import { Fq, Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { GrumpkinScalar } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/grumpkin';
-import type { AccessScopes, NotesFilter } from '@aztec/pxe/client/lazy';
+import type { NotesFilter } from '@aztec/pxe/client/lazy';
 import { type PXEConfig, getPXEConfig } from '@aztec/pxe/config';
 import { PXE, type PXECreationOptions, createPXE } from '@aztec/pxe/server';
 import { AuthWitness } from '@aztec/stdlib/auth-witness';
@@ -24,9 +28,17 @@ import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
 import { getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
 import { deriveSigningKey } from '@aztec/stdlib/keys';
 import type { NoteDao } from '@aztec/stdlib/note';
-import type { BlockHeader, TxHash, TxReceipt, TxSimulationResult } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import {
+  type BlockHeader,
+  type ContractOverrides,
+  SimulationOverrides,
+  type TxExecutionRequest,
+  type TxHash,
+  type TxReceipt,
+} from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 import { ExecutionPayload, mergeExecutionPayloads } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
-import { BaseWallet, type FeeOptions } from '@aztec/wallet-sdk/base-wallet';
+import { BaseWallet, type SimulateViaEntrypointOptions } from '@aztec/wallet-sdk/base-wallet';
+import type { AccountType } from '@aztec/wallets/embedded';
 
 import { AztecNodeProxy, ProvenTx } from './utils.js';
 
@@ -36,6 +48,7 @@ import { AztecNodeProxy, ProvenTx } from './utils.js';
 export interface AccountData {
   secret: Fr;
   salt: Fr;
+  type?: AccountType;
   contract: AccountContract;
 }
 
@@ -76,70 +89,92 @@ export class TestWallet extends BaseWallet {
 
   createSchnorrAccount(secret: Fr, salt: Fr, signingKey?: Fq): Promise<AccountManager> {
     signingKey = signingKey ?? deriveSigningKey(secret);
-    const accountData = {
-      secret,
-      salt,
-      contract: new SchnorrAccountContract(signingKey),
-    };
-    return this.createAccount(accountData);
+    return this.createAccount({ secret, salt, type: 'schnorr', contract: new SchnorrAccountContract(signingKey) });
   }
 
   createECDSARAccount(secret: Fr, salt: Fr, signingKey: Buffer): Promise<AccountManager> {
-    const accountData = {
+    return this.createAccount({
       secret,
       salt,
+      type: 'ecdsasecp256r1',
       contract: new EcdsaRAccountContract(signingKey),
-    };
-    return this.createAccount(accountData);
+    });
   }
 
   createECDSAKAccount(secret: Fr, salt: Fr, signingKey: Buffer): Promise<AccountManager> {
-    const accountData = {
+    return this.createAccount({
       secret,
       salt,
+      type: 'ecdsasecp256k1',
       contract: new EcdsaKAccountContract(signingKey),
-    };
-    return this.createAccount(accountData);
-  }
-
-  async getFakeAccountDataFor(address: AztecAddress) {
-    const originalAccount = await this.getAccountFromAddress(address);
-    if (originalAccount instanceof SignerlessAccount) {
-      throw new Error(`Cannot create fake account data for SignerlessAccount at address: ${address}`);
-    }
-    const originalAddress = (originalAccount as Account).getCompleteAddress();
-    const contractInstance = await this.pxe.getContractInstance(originalAddress.address);
-    if (!contractInstance) {
-      throw new Error(`No contract instance found for address: ${originalAddress.address}`);
-    }
-    const stubAccount = createStubAccount(originalAddress);
-    const instance = await getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams(StubAccountContractArtifact, {
-      salt: Fr.random(),
     });
-    return {
-      account: stubAccount,
-      instance,
-      artifact: StubAccountContractArtifact,
-    };
   }
-  protected accounts: Map<string, Account> = new Map();
 
   /**
-   * Toggle for running "simulated simulations" when calling simulateTx.
-   *
-   * When this flag is true, simulateViaEntrypoint constructs a request using a fake account
-   * (and accepts contract overrides on the input) and the PXE emulates kernel effects without
-   * generating kernel witnesses. When false, simulateViaEntrypoint defers to the standard
-   * simulation path via the real account entrypoint.
+   * Builds contract overrides for all provided addresses by replacing their account contracts with stub implementations.
    */
-  private simulatedSimulations = false;
+  protected async buildAccountOverrides(addresses: AztecAddress[]): Promise<ContractOverrides> {
+    const accounts = await this.getAccounts();
+    const contracts: ContractOverrides = {};
+
+    const filtered = accounts.filter(acc => addresses.some(addr => addr.equals(acc.item)));
+
+    for (const account of filtered) {
+      const address = account.item;
+      const originalAccount = await this.getAccountFromAddress(address);
+      const completeAddress = originalAccount.getCompleteAddress();
+      const contractInstance = await this.pxe.getContractInstance(completeAddress.address);
+      if (!contractInstance) {
+        throw new Error(
+          `No contract instance found for address: ${completeAddress.address} during account override building. This is a bug!`,
+        );
+      }
+
+      const stubArtifact = this.getStubArtifactFor(address);
+      const stubConstructorArgs =
+        this.getTypeFor(address) === 'schnorr' ? [Fr.ZERO, Fr.ZERO] : [Buffer.alloc(32), Buffer.alloc(32)];
+      const stubInstance = await getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams(stubArtifact, {
+        salt: Fr.random(),
+        constructorArgs: stubConstructorArgs,
+      });
+
+      contracts[address.toString()] = {
+        instance: stubInstance,
+        artifact: stubArtifact,
+      };
+    }
 
-  enableSimulatedSimulations() {
-    this.simulatedSimulations = true;
+    return contracts;
   }
 
-  disableSimulatedSimulations() {
-    this.simulatedSimulations = false;
+  protected accounts: Map<string, { account: Account; type: AccountType }> = new Map();
+
+  private getTypeFor(address: AztecAddress): AccountType {
+    return this.accounts.get(address.toString())?.type ?? 'schnorr';
+  }
+
+  private getStubArtifactFor(address: AztecAddress) {
+    return this.getTypeFor(address) === 'schnorr'
+      ? StubSchnorrAccountContractArtifact
+      : StubEcdsaAccountContractArtifact;
+  }
+
+  private getStubAccountFor(address: AztecAddress, completeAddress: CompleteAddress) {
+    return this.getTypeFor(address) === 'schnorr'
+      ? createStubSchnorrAccount(completeAddress)
+      : createStubEcdsaAccount(completeAddress);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Controls how the test wallet simulates transactions:
+   * - `kernelless`: Skips kernel circuits but uses the real account contract. Default.
+   * - `kernelless-override`: Skips kernels and replaces the account with a stub that doesn't do authwit validation.
+   * - `full`: Uses real kernel circuits and real account contracts. Slow!
+   */
+  private simulationMode: 'kernelless' | 'kernelless-override' | 'full' = 'kernelless';
+
+  setSimulationMode(mode: 'kernelless' | 'kernelless-override' | 'full') {
+    this.simulationMode = mode;
   }
 
   setMinFeePadding(value?: number) {
@@ -147,27 +182,25 @@ export class TestWallet extends BaseWallet {
   }
 
   protected getAccountFromAddress(address: AztecAddress): Promise<Account> {
-    let account: Account | undefined;
-    if (address.equals(AztecAddress.ZERO)) {
-      account = new SignerlessAccount();
-    } else {
-      account = this.accounts.get(address?.toString() ?? '');
-    }
+    const entry = this.accounts.get(address?.toString() ?? '');
 
-    if (!account) {
+    if (!entry) {
       throw new Error(`Account not found in wallet for address: ${address}`);
     }
 
-    return Promise.resolve(account);
+    return Promise.resolve(entry.account);
   }
 
   getAccounts() {
-    return Promise.resolve(Array.from(this.accounts.values()).map(acc => ({ alias: '', item: acc.getAddress() })));
+    return Promise.resolve(
+      Array.from(this.accounts.values()).map(entry => ({ alias: '', item: entry.account.getAddress() })),
+    );
   }
 
   async createAccount(accountData?: AccountData): Promise<AccountManager> {
     const secret = accountData?.secret ?? Fr.random();
     const salt = accountData?.salt ?? Fr.random();
+    const type = accountData?.type ?? 'schnorr';
     const contract = accountData?.contract ?? new SchnorrAccountContract(GrumpkinScalar.random());
 
     const accountManager = await AccountManager.create(this, secret, contract, salt);
@@ -177,7 +210,8 @@ export class TestWallet extends BaseWallet {
 
     await this.registerContract(instance, artifact, secret);
 
-    this.accounts.set(accountManager.address.toString(), await accountManager.getAccount());
+    const address = accountManager.address.toString();
+    this.accounts.set(address, { account: await accountManager.getAccount(), type });
 
     return accountManager;
   }
@@ -220,60 +254,71 @@ export class TestWallet extends BaseWallet {
     return account.createAuthWit(intentInnerHash, chainInfo);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Override simulateViaEntrypoint to use fake accounts for kernelless simulation
-   * when simulatedSimulations is enabled. Otherwise falls through to the real entrypoint path.
-   */
   protected override async simulateViaEntrypoint(
     executionPayload: ExecutionPayload,
-    from: AztecAddress,
-    feeOptions: FeeOptions,
-    scopes: AccessScopes,
-    skipTxValidation?: boolean,
-    skipFeeEnforcement?: boolean,
-  ): Promise<TxSimulationResult> {
-    if (!this.simulatedSimulations) {
-      return super.simulateViaEntrypoint(
-        executionPayload,
-        from,
-        feeOptions,
-        scopes,
-        skipTxValidation,
-        skipFeeEnforcement,
-      );
-    }
+    opts: SimulateViaEntrypointOptions,
+  ): Promise<TxSimulationResultWithAppOffset> {
+    const { from, feeOptions, additionalScopes, skipTxValidation, skipFeeEnforcement } = opts;
+    const scopes = this.scopesFrom(from, additionalScopes);
+    const skipKernels = this.simulationMode !== 'full';
+    const useOverride = this.simulationMode === 'kernelless-override';
 
     const feeExecutionPayload = await feeOptions.walletFeePaymentMethod?.getExecutionPayload();
-    const executionOptions: DefaultAccountEntrypointOptions = {
-      txNonce: Fr.random(),
-      cancellable: this.cancellableTransactions,
-      feePaymentMethodOptions: feeOptions.accountFeePaymentMethodOptions,
-    };
     const finalExecutionPayload = feeExecutionPayload
       ? mergeExecutionPayloads([feeExecutionPayload, executionPayload])
       : executionPayload;
-    const { account: fromAccount, instance, artifact } = await this.getFakeAccountDataFor(from);
     const chainInfo = await this.getChainInfo();
-    const txRequest = await fromAccount.createTxExecutionRequest(
-      finalExecutionPayload,
-      feeOptions.gasSettings,
-      chainInfo,
-      executionOptions,
-    );
-    const contractOverrides = {
-      [from.toString()]: { instance, artifact },
-    };
-    return this.pxe.simulateTx(txRequest, {
+
+    let overrides: SimulationOverrides | undefined;
+    let txRequest: TxExecutionRequest;
+    if (useOverride) {
+      const accountOverrides = await this.buildAccountOverrides(scopes);
+      overrides = new SimulationOverrides(accountOverrides);
+    }
+
+    if (from === NO_FROM) {
+      const entrypoint = new DefaultEntrypoint();
+      txRequest = await entrypoint.createTxExecutionRequest(finalExecutionPayload, feeOptions.gasSettings, chainInfo);
+    } else {
+      let fromAccount: Account;
+      if (useOverride) {
+        const originalAccount = await this.getAccountFromAddress(from);
+        fromAccount = this.getStubAccountFor(from, originalAccount.getCompleteAddress());
+      } else {
+        fromAccount = await this.getAccountFromAddress(from);
+      }
+      const executionOptions: DefaultAccountEntrypointOptions = {
+        txNonce: Fr.random(),
+        cancellable: this.cancellableTransactions,
+        // If from is an address, feeOptions include the way the account contract should handle the fee payment
+        feePaymentMethodOptions: feeOptions.accountFeePaymentMethodOptions!,
+      };
+      txRequest = await fromAccount.createTxExecutionRequest(
+        finalExecutionPayload,
+        feeOptions.gasSettings,
+        chainInfo,
+        executionOptions,
+      );
+    }
+
+    const result = await this.pxe.simulateTx(txRequest, {
       simulatePublic: true,
-      skipFeeEnforcement: true,
-      skipTxValidation: true,
-      overrides: { contracts: contractOverrides },
+      skipKernels,
+      skipFeeEnforcement,
+      skipTxValidation,
+      overrides,
       scopes,
     });
+    const appCallOffset = await this.computeAppCallOffset(from, feeOptions);
+    return TxSimulationResultWithAppOffset.fromResultAndOffset(result, appCallOffset);
   }
 
   async proveTx(exec: ExecutionPayload, opts: Omit<SendOptions, 'wait'>): Promise<ProvenTx> {
-    const fee = await this.completeFeeOptions(opts.from, exec.feePayer, opts.fee?.gasSettings);
+    const fee = await this.completeFeeOptions({
+      from: opts.from,
+      feePayer: exec.feePayer,
+      gasSettings: opts.fee?.gasSettings,
+    });
     const txRequest = await this.createTxExecutionRequestFromPayloadAndFee(exec, opts.from, fee);
     const txProvingResult = await this.pxe.proveTx(txRequest, this.scopesFrom(opts.from, opts.additionalScopes));
     return new ProvenTx(