@aztec/end-to-end 0.0.1-commit.4d3c002 → 0.0.1-commit.4d9804df

package/src/p2p/shared.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+import type { InitialAccountData } from '@aztec/accounts/testing';
+import type { Archiver } from '@aztec/archiver';
+import type { AztecNodeService } from '@aztec/aztec-node';
+import type { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/aztec.js/addresses';
+import { NO_WAIT, getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams } from '@aztec/aztec.js/contracts';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/aztec.js/fields';
+import type { Logger } from '@aztec/aztec.js/log';
+import { TxHash } from '@aztec/aztec.js/tx';
+import { BlockNumber, CheckpointNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
+import { timesAsync } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+import { Signature } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-signature';
+import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
+import type { SpamContract } from '@aztec/noir-test-contracts.js/Spam';
+import { TestContract, TestContractArtifact } from '@aztec/noir-test-contracts.js/Test';
+import { getPXEConfig, getPXEConfig as getRpcConfig } from '@aztec/pxe/server';
+import type { SequencerClient } from '@aztec/sequencer-client';
+import { CheckpointAttestation, ConsensusPayload, type TopicType } from '@aztec/stdlib/p2p';
+
+import { expect } from '@jest/globals';
+
+import { shouldCollectMetrics } from '../fixtures/fixtures.js';
+import { SchnorrHardcodedKeyAccountContract } from '../fixtures/schnorr_hardcoded_account_contract.js';
+import { createNodes } from '../fixtures/setup_p2p_test.js';
+import { waitForTxs } from '../fixtures/wait_helpers.js';
+import { type AlertConfig, GrafanaClient } from '../quality_of_service/grafana_client.js';
+import { submitTxsTo } from '../shared/submit-transactions.js';
+import { TestWallet } from '../test-wallet/test_wallet.js';
+import { type ProvenTx, proveInteraction } from '../test-wallet/utils.js';
+import { type P2PNetworkTest, WAIT_FOR_TX_TIMEOUT } from './p2p_network.js';
+
+/** One published checkpoint as returned by the archiver, including its attestations. */
+type PublishedCheckpoint = Awaited<ReturnType<Archiver['getCheckpoints']>>[number];
+
+// submits a set of transactions to the provided Private eXecution Environment (PXE)
+export const submitComplexTxsTo = async (
+  logger: Logger,
+  from: AztecAddress,
+  spamContract: SpamContract,
+  numTxs: number,
+  opts: { callPublic?: boolean } = {},
+) => {
+  const txs: TxHash[] = [];
+
+  const seed = 1234n;
+  const spamCount = 15;
+  for (let i = 0; i < numTxs; i++) {
+    const method = spamContract.methods.spam(seed + BigInt(i * spamCount), spamCount, !!opts.callPublic);
+    const { txHash } = await method.send({ from, wait: NO_WAIT });
+    logger.info(`Tx sent with hash ${txHash.toString()}`);
+    txs.push(txHash);
+  }
+  return txs;
+};
+
+// creates a wallet and submit a given number of transactions through it.
+export const submitTransactions = async (
+  logger: Logger,
+  node: AztecNodeService,
+  numTxs: number,
+  fundedAccount: InitialAccountData,
+): Promise<TxHash[]> => {
+  const rpcConfig = getRpcConfig();
+  rpcConfig.proverEnabled = false;
+  const wallet = await TestWallet.create(
+    node,
+    // Use checkpointed chain tip to avoid anchoring on provisional blocks that the archiver can prune
+    // when their slot ends without a checkpoint landing on L1.
+    { ...getPXEConfig(), proverEnabled: false, syncChainTip: 'checkpointed' },
+    { loggerActorLabel: 'pxe-tx' },
+  );
+  const contract = new SchnorrHardcodedKeyAccountContract();
+  const fundedAccountManager = await wallet.createAccount({
+    secret: fundedAccount.secret,
+    salt: fundedAccount.salt,
+    contract,
+  });
+  return submitTxsTo(wallet, fundedAccountManager.address, numTxs, logger);
+};
+
+export async function prepareTransactions(
+  logger: Logger,
+  node: AztecNodeService,
+  numTxs: number,
+  fundedAccount: InitialAccountData,
+): Promise<ProvenTx[]> {
+  const rpcConfig = getRpcConfig();
+  rpcConfig.proverEnabled = false;
+
+  const wallet = await TestWallet.create(
+    node,
+    { ...getPXEConfig(), proverEnabled: false, syncChainTip: 'checkpointed' },
+    { loggerActorLabel: 'pxe-tx' },
+  );
+  const accountContract = new SchnorrHardcodedKeyAccountContract();
+  const fundedAccountManager = await wallet.createAccount({
+    secret: fundedAccount.secret,
+    salt: fundedAccount.salt,
+    contract: accountContract,
+  });
+
+  const testContractInstance = await getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams(TestContractArtifact, {
+    salt: Fr.random(),
+  });
+  await wallet.registerContract(testContractInstance, TestContractArtifact);
+  const contract = TestContract.at(testContractInstance.address, wallet);
+
+  return timesAsync(numTxs, async () => {
+    const tx = await proveInteraction(wallet, contract.methods.emit_nullifier(Fr.random()), {
+      from: fundedAccountManager.address,
+    });
+    logger.info(`Tx prepared with hash ${tx.getTxHash()}`);
+    return tx;
+  });
+}
+
+const CHECK_ALERTS = process.env.CHECK_ALERTS === 'true';
+
+const qosAlerts: AlertConfig[] = [
+  {
+    alert: 'SequencerTimeToCollectAttestations',
+    expr: 'aztec_sequencer_time_to_collect_attestations > 3500',
+    labels: { severity: 'error' },
+    for: '10m',
+    annotations: {},
+  },
+];
+
+/** Runs the shared p2p QoS Grafana alert check when CHECK_ALERTS=true; a no-op otherwise. */
+export async function maybeCheckQosAlerts(logger: Logger): Promise<void> {
+  if (CHECK_ALERTS) {
+    const checker = new GrafanaClient(logger);
+    await checker.runAlertCheck(qosAlerts);
+  }
+}
+
+/** Waits until every node's synced block number reaches the initial node's current tip. */
+export async function waitForNodesToSync(t: P2PNetworkTest, nodes: AztecNodeService[]): Promise<void> {
+  const targetBlock = await t.ctx.aztecNode.getBlockNumber();
+  t.logger.warn(`Waiting for all nodes to sync to block number ${targetBlock}`);
+  await retryUntil(
+    async () => {
+      const blockNumbers = await Promise.all(nodes.map(node => node.getBlockNumber()));
+      const checkpointNumber = (await t.monitor.run()).checkpointNumber;
+      t.logger.info(`Current block numbers ${blockNumbers} (checkpoint number on L1 is ${checkpointNumber})`);
+      return blockNumbers.every(bn => bn >= targetBlock);
+    },
+    `nodes to sync to block number ${targetBlock}`,
+    30,
+    0.5,
+  );
+}
+
+/** Reads the published checkpoint containing the block that mined the given tx. */
+export async function getPublishedCheckpointForTx(
+  node: AztecNodeService,
+  txHash: TxHash,
+): Promise<PublishedCheckpoint> {
+  const receipt = await node.getTxReceipt(txHash);
+  const blockNumber = receipt.blockNumber!;
+  const dataStore = node.getBlockSource() as Archiver;
+  const blockData = await dataStore.getBlockData({ number: BlockNumber(blockNumber) });
+  const [publishedCheckpoint] = await dataStore.getCheckpoints({ from: blockData!.checkpointNumber, limit: 1 });
+  return publishedCheckpoint;
+}
+
+/** Polls until the archiver has indexed the first published checkpoint, then returns it. */
+export async function waitForFirstPublishedCheckpoint(
+  t: P2PNetworkTest,
+  nodes: AztecNodeService[],
+  timeoutSeconds = 120,
+): Promise<PublishedCheckpoint> {
+  const dataStore = nodes[0].getBlockSource() as Archiver;
+  t.logger.warn('Waiting for first checkpoint to be published and indexed by the archiver');
+  return await retryUntil(
+    async () => {
+      const blockNumbers = await Promise.all(nodes.map(node => node.getBlockNumber()));
+      const checkpointNumber = (await t.monitor.run()).checkpointNumber;
+      t.logger.info(`Current block numbers ${blockNumbers} (checkpoint number on L1 is ${checkpointNumber})`);
+      const [checkpoint] = await dataStore.getCheckpoints({ from: CheckpointNumber(1), limit: 1 });
+      return checkpoint;
+    },
+    'published checkpoint to be indexed',
+    timeoutSeconds,
+    1,
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recovers the attestation signers from a published checkpoint and asserts each one belongs to the
+ * validator set formed by the given nodes. Returns the recovered signer addresses so callers can add
+ * scenario-specific assertions (e.g. an exact signer count).
+ */
+export async function verifyAttestationSigners(
+  t: P2PNetworkTest,
+  nodes: AztecNodeService[],
+  publishedCheckpoint: PublishedCheckpoint,
+): Promise<string[]> {
+  const signatureContext = {
+    chainId: t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig.l1ChainId,
+    rollupAddress: t.ctx.deployL1ContractsValues.l1ContractAddresses.rollupAddress,
+  };
+  const payload = ConsensusPayload.fromCheckpoint(publishedCheckpoint.checkpoint, signatureContext);
+  const attestations = publishedCheckpoint.attestations
+    .filter(a => !a.signature.isEmpty())
+    .map(a => new CheckpointAttestation(payload, a.signature, Signature.empty()));
+  const signers = await Promise.all(attestations.map(att => att.getSender()!.toString()));
+  t.logger.info(`Attestation signers`, { signers });
+
+  // Check that the signers found are part of the proposer nodes to ensure the archiver fetched them right
+  const validatorAddresses = nodes.flatMap(node =>
+    (node.getSequencer() as SequencerClient).validatorAddresses?.map(a => a.toString()),
+  );
+  t.logger.info(`Validator addresses`, { addresses: validatorAddresses });
+  for (const signer of signers) {
+    expect(validatorAddresses).toContain(signer);
+  }
+  return signers;
+}
+
+/** Options that parameterize {@link runGossipScenario}. */
+export interface GossipScenarioOptions {
+  /** The initialized P2P network test (setup() + validator registration already done). */
+  t: P2PNetworkTest;
+  /** Number of validator nodes forming the committee. */
+  numValidators: number;
+  /** Base UDP port for the validator nodes. */
+  bootNodePort: number;
+  /** Transactions submitted per validator node; 0 skips tx submission entirely (e.g. the oracle test). */
+  txsPerNode: number;
+  /** Submit tx batches sequentially instead of concurrently. */
+  submitSequentially?: boolean;
+  /** Overrides for the P2P mesh-connectivity wait; unset fields fall back to waitForP2PMeshConnectivity defaults. */
+  mesh?: {
+    expectedNodeCount?: number;
+    timeoutSeconds?: number;
+    checkIntervalSeconds?: number;
+    topics?: TopicType[];
+    minMeshPeerCount?: number;
+  };
+  /** Which published checkpoint the attestation signers are read from (defaults to the first tx's block). */
+  checkpointSource?: 'first-tx' | 'first-published';
+  /** Runs after validator registration but before the validator nodes are created. */
+  beforeCreateNodes?: () => Promise<void>;
+  /** Creates extra non-validator nodes (prover/monitor) once the validator nodes exist. */
+  createExtraNodes?: (nodes: AztecNodeService[]) => Promise<void>;
+  /** Runs after the account is registered but before txs are submitted (sync waits, checkpoint waits, sleeps). */
+  beforeSubmit?: (nodes: AztecNodeService[]) => Promise<void>;
+  /** Scenario-specific verification run after attestation-signer verification (proven block, price convergence). */
+  afterVerify?: (nodes: AztecNodeService[]) => Promise<void>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shared skeleton for the p2p gossip tests: create the validator nodes and any extra nodes, wait for
+ * the mesh to form, register the account, optionally submit and mine txs, then verify the attestation
+ * signers of a published checkpoint. Each varying part (validator registration, extra nodes, pre-submit
+ * waits, scenario-specific verification) is supplied via the callbacks in {@link GossipScenarioOptions}.
+ * Returns the validator nodes so the caller can track them for teardown.
+ */
+export async function runGossipScenario(opts: GossipScenarioOptions): Promise<AztecNodeService[]> {
+  const { t, numValidators, bootNodePort, txsPerNode } = opts;
+
+  if (!t.bootstrapNodeEnr) {
+    throw new Error('Bootstrap node ENR is not available');
+  }
+
+  await opts.beforeCreateNodes?.();
+
+  t.logger.info('Creating validator nodes');
+  const nodes = await createNodes(
+    t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
+    t.ctx.dateProvider,
+    t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
+    numValidators,
+    bootNodePort,
+    t.genesis,
+    t.dataDirFor('validator'),
+    shouldCollectMetrics(),
+  );
+
+  await opts.createExtraNodes?.(nodes);
+
+  t.logger.info('Waiting for nodes to connect');
+  await t.waitForP2PMeshConnectivity(
+    nodes,
+    opts.mesh?.expectedNodeCount ?? numValidators,
+    opts.mesh?.timeoutSeconds,
+    opts.mesh?.checkIntervalSeconds,
+    opts.mesh?.topics,
+    opts.mesh?.minMeshPeerCount,
+  );
+
+  // We need to create the nodes before we setup the account, because those nodes form the committee
+  // and blocks cannot be built without them (targetCommitteeSize is set to the number of nodes).
+  await t.setupAccount();
+
+  await opts.beforeSubmit?.(nodes);
+
+  let firstTxHash: TxHash | undefined;
+  if (txsPerNode > 0) {
+    t.logger.info('Submitting transactions');
+    const submitOne = (node: AztecNodeService) => submitTransactions(t.logger, node, txsPerNode, t.fundedAccount);
+    // Each submitTransactions call builds its own wallet/PXE, so submissions are independent. When run
+    // concurrently, Promise.all preserves node order so submitted[i] stays aligned with nodes[i].
+    const submitted: TxHash[][] = [];
+    if (opts.submitSequentially) {
+      for (const node of nodes) {
+        submitted.push(await submitOne(node));
+      }
+    } else {
+      submitted.push(...(await Promise.all(nodes.map(submitOne))));
+    }
+    firstTxHash = submitted[0][0];
+
+    t.logger.info('Waiting for transactions to be mined');
+    await waitForTxs(nodes[0], submitted.flat(), { timeout: WAIT_FOR_TX_TIMEOUT });
+    t.logger.info('All transactions mined');
+  }
+
+  const publishedCheckpoint =
+    opts.checkpointSource === 'first-published'
+      ? await waitForFirstPublishedCheckpoint(t, nodes)
+      : await getPublishedCheckpointForTx(nodes[0], firstTxHash!);
+
+  await verifyAttestationSigners(t, nodes, publishedCheckpoint);
+
+  await opts.afterVerify?.(nodes);
+
+  return nodes;
+}

package/src/shared/cross_chain_test_harness.ts

@@ -13,18 +13,20 @@ import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/aztec.js/node';
 import type { SiblingPath } from '@aztec/aztec.js/trees';
 import type { TxReceipt } from '@aztec/aztec.js/tx';
 import type { Wallet } from '@aztec/aztec.js/wallet';
+import { OutboxContract } from '@aztec/ethereum/contracts';
 import { deployL1Contract } from '@aztec/ethereum/deploy-l1-contract';
 import type { L1ContractAddresses } from '@aztec/ethereum/l1-contract-addresses';
 import type { ExtendedViemWalletClient } from '@aztec/ethereum/types';
 import { EpochNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
-import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { TestERC20Abi, TokenPortalAbi, TokenPortalBytecode } from '@aztec/l1-artifacts';
 import { TokenContract } from '@aztec/noir-contracts.js/Token';
 import { TokenBridgeContract } from '@aztec/noir-contracts.js/TokenBridge';
 
 import { type Hex, getContract } from 'viem';
 
+import { testSpan } from '../fixtures/timing.js';
 import { mintTokensToPrivate } from '../fixtures/token_utils.js';
+import { waitForL1ToL2MessageSeen } from './wait_for_l1_to_l2_message.js';
 
 /**
  * Deploy L1 token and portal, initialize portal, deploy a non native l2 token contract, its L2 bridge contract and attach is to the portal.
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ export async function deployAndInitializeTokenAndBridgeContracts(
   rollupRegistryAddress: EthAddress,
   owner: AztecAddress,
   underlyingERC20Address: EthAddress,
+  predeployedTokenPortalAddress?: EthAddress,
 ): Promise<{
   /**
    * The L2 token contract instance.
@@ -64,8 +67,9 @@ export async function deployAndInitializeTokenAndBridgeContracts(
    */
   underlyingERC20: any;
 }> {
-  // deploy the token portal
-  const { address: tokenPortalAddress } = await deployL1Contract(l1Client, TokenPortalAbi, TokenPortalBytecode);
+  // Deploy the token portal, unless it was already deployed before the node started (under automine).
+  const tokenPortalAddress =
+    predeployedTokenPortalAddress ?? (await deployL1Contract(l1Client, TokenPortalAbi, TokenPortalBytecode)).address;
   const tokenPortal = getContract({
     address: tokenPortalAddress.toString(),
     abi: TokenPortalAbi,
@@ -73,14 +77,18 @@ export async function deployAndInitializeTokenAndBridgeContracts(
   });
 
   // deploy l2 token
-  const { contract: token } = await TokenContract.deploy(wallet, owner, 'TokenName', 'TokenSymbol', 18).send({
-    from: owner,
-  });
+  const { contract: token } = await testSpan('deploy:token', () =>
+    TokenContract.deploy(wallet, owner, 'TokenName', 'TokenSymbol', 18).send({
+      from: owner,
+    }),
+  );
 
   // deploy l2 token bridge and attach to the portal
-  const { contract: bridge } = await TokenBridgeContract.deploy(wallet, token.address, tokenPortalAddress).send({
-    from: owner,
-  });
+  const { contract: bridge } = await testSpan('deploy:bridge', () =>
+    TokenBridgeContract.deploy(wallet, token.address, tokenPortalAddress).send({
+      from: owner,
+    }),
+  );
 
   if ((await token.methods.get_admin().simulate({ from: owner })).result !== owner.toBigInt()) {
     throw new Error(`Token admin is not ${owner}`);
@@ -134,6 +142,7 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
     ownerAddress: AztecAddress,
     logger: Logger,
     underlyingERC20Address: EthAddress,
+    predeployedTokenPortalAddress?: EthAddress,
   ): Promise<CrossChainTestHarness> {
     const ethAccount = EthAddress.fromString((await l1Client.getAddresses())[0]);
     const l1ContractAddresses = (await aztecNode.getNodeInfo()).l1ContractAddresses;
@@ -146,6 +155,7 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
       l1ContractAddresses.registryAddress,
       ownerAddress,
       underlyingERC20Address,
+      predeployedTokenPortalAddress,
     );
     logger.info('Deployed and initialized token, portal and its bridge.');
 
@@ -166,6 +176,7 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
 
   private readonly l1TokenManager: L1TokenManager;
   private readonly l1TokenPortalManager: L1TokenPortalManager;
+  public readonly outboxContract: OutboxContract;
 
   constructor(
     /** Aztec node instance. */
@@ -206,6 +217,7 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
       this.logger,
     );
     this.l1TokenManager = this.l1TokenPortalManager.getTokenManager();
+    this.outboxContract = new OutboxContract(this.l1Client, this.l1ContractAddresses.outboxAddress);
   }
 
   async mintTokensOnL1(amount: bigint) {
@@ -234,11 +246,13 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
 
   async mintTokensPublicOnL2(amount: bigint) {
     this.logger.info('Minting tokens on L2 publicly');
-    await this.l2Token.methods.mint_to_public(this.ownerAddress, amount).send({ from: this.ownerAddress });
+    await testSpan('tx:mint', () =>
+      this.l2Token.methods.mint_to_public(this.ownerAddress, amount).send({ from: this.ownerAddress }),
+    );
   }
 
   async mintTokensPrivateOnL2(amount: bigint) {
-    await mintTokensToPrivate(this.l2Token, this.ownerAddress, this.ownerAddress, amount);
+    await testSpan('tx:mint', () => mintTokensToPrivate(this.l2Token, this.ownerAddress, this.ownerAddress, amount));
   }
 
   async sendL2PublicTransfer(transferAmount: bigint, receiverAddress: AztecAddress) {
@@ -319,10 +333,18 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
   withdrawFundsFromBridgeOnL1(
     amount: bigint,
     epochNumber: EpochNumber,
+    numCheckpointsInEpoch: number,
     messageIndex: bigint,
     siblingPath: SiblingPath<number>,
   ) {
-    return this.l1TokenPortalManager.withdrawFunds(amount, this.ethAccount, epochNumber, messageIndex, siblingPath);
+    return this.l1TokenPortalManager.withdrawFunds(
+      amount,
+      this.ethAccount,
+      epochNumber,
+      numCheckpointsInEpoch,
+      messageIndex,
+      siblingPath,
+    );
   }
 
   async transferToPrivateOnL2(shieldAmount: bigint) {
@@ -346,8 +368,7 @@ export class CrossChainTestHarness {
    */
   async makeMessageConsumable(msgHash: Fr | Hex) {
     const frMsgHash = typeof msgHash === 'string' ? Fr.fromHexString(msgHash) : msgHash;
-    // We poll isL1ToL2MessageSynced endpoint until the message is available
-    await retryUntil(async () => await this.aztecNode.isL1ToL2MessageSynced(frMsgHash), 'message sync', 10);
+    await waitForL1ToL2MessageSeen(this.aztecNode, frMsgHash, { timeoutSeconds: 10 });
 
     await this.mintTokensPublicOnL2(0n);
     await this.mintTokensPublicOnL2(0n);

package/src/shared/gas_portal_test_harness.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,13 @@ import type { ExtendedViemWalletClient } from '@aztec/ethereum/types';
 import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { FeeJuiceContract } from '@aztec/noir-contracts.js/FeeJuice';
 import { ProtocolContractAddress } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
-import type { AztecNodeAdmin } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
+import type { AztecNodeAdmin, AztecNodeDebug } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
+
+import { testSpan } from '../fixtures/timing.js';
+import { waitForL1ToL2MessageSeen } from './wait_for_l1_to_l2_message.js';
+
+/** Aztec node that may expose the debug mining API in local e2e setups. */
+type MiningAztecNode = AztecNode & Partial<AztecNodeDebug>;
 
 export interface IGasBridgingTestHarness {
   getL1FeeJuiceBalance(address: EthAddress): Promise<bigint>;
@@ -19,7 +25,7 @@ export interface IGasBridgingTestHarness {
 }
 
 export interface FeeJuicePortalTestingHarnessFactoryConfig {
-  aztecNode: AztecNode;
+  aztecNode: MiningAztecNode;
   aztecNodeAdmin?: AztecNodeAdmin;
   l1Client: ExtendedViemWalletClient;
   wallet: Wallet;
@@ -75,7 +81,7 @@ export class GasBridgingTestHarness implements IGasBridgingTestHarness {
 
   constructor(
     /** Aztec node */
-    public aztecNode: AztecNode,
+    public aztecNode: MiningAztecNode,
     /** Aztec node admin interface */
     public aztecNodeAdmin: AztecNodeAdmin | undefined,
     /** Wallet. */
@@ -144,8 +150,7 @@ export class GasBridgingTestHarness implements IGasBridgingTestHarness {
     await this.mintTokensOnL1();
     const claim = await this.sendTokensToPortalPublic(bridgeAmount, owner);
 
-    const isSynced = async () => await this.aztecNode.isL1ToL2MessageSynced(Fr.fromHexString(claim.messageHash));
-    await retryUntil(isSynced, `message ${claim.messageHash} sync`, 24, 1);
+    await waitForL1ToL2MessageSeen(this.aztecNode, Fr.fromHexString(claim.messageHash), { timeoutSeconds: 24 });
 
     // Progress by 2 L2 blocks so that the l1ToL2Message added above will be available to use on L2.
     await this.advanceL2Block();
@@ -155,14 +160,21 @@ export class GasBridgingTestHarness implements IGasBridgingTestHarness {
   }
 
   async bridgeFromL1ToL2(owner: AztecAddress, claimer: AztecAddress) {
-    // Prepare the tokens on the L1 side
-    const claim = await this.prepareTokensOnL1(owner);
+    await testSpan('setup:bridge', async () => {
+      // Prepare the tokens on the L1 side
+      const claim = await this.prepareTokensOnL1(owner);
 
-    // Consume L1 -> L2 message and claim tokens privately on L2
-    await this.consumeMessageOnAztecAndClaimPrivately(owner, claimer, claim);
+      // Consume L1 -> L2 message and claim tokens privately on L2
+      await this.consumeMessageOnAztecAndClaimPrivately(owner, claimer, claim);
+    });
   }
 
   private async advanceL2Block() {
+    if (this.aztecNode.mineBlock) {
+      await this.aztecNode.mineBlock();
+      return;
+    }
+
     const initialBlockNumber = await this.aztecNode.getBlockNumber();
 
     let minTxsPerBlock = undefined;
@@ -171,11 +183,17 @@ export class GasBridgingTestHarness implements IGasBridgingTestHarness {
       await this.aztecNodeAdmin.setConfig({ minTxsPerBlock: 0 }); // Set to 0 to ensure we can advance the block
     }
 
-    await retryUntil(async () => (await this.aztecNode.getBlockNumber()) >= initialBlockNumber + 1);
-
-    if (this.aztecNodeAdmin && minTxsPerBlock !== undefined) {
-      await this.aztecNodeAdmin.setConfig({ minTxsPerBlock });
+    try {
+      await retryUntil(
+        async () => (await this.aztecNode.getBlockNumber()) >= initialBlockNumber + 1,
+        'gas portal block advance',
+        0,
+        0.25,
+      );
+    } finally {
+      if (this.aztecNodeAdmin && minTxsPerBlock !== undefined) {
+        await this.aztecNodeAdmin.setConfig({ minTxsPerBlock });
+      }
     }
   }
 }
-// docs:end:cross_chain_test_harness

package/src/shared/submit-transactions.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/aztec.js/addresses';
-import { NO_WAIT } from '@aztec/aztec.js/contracts';
-import { Fr, GrumpkinScalar } from '@aztec/aztec.js/fields';
+import { NO_WAIT, getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams } from '@aztec/aztec.js/contracts';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/aztec.js/fields';
 import type { Logger } from '@aztec/aztec.js/log';
 import { TxHash, type TxReceipt, TxStatus } from '@aztec/aztec.js/tx';
 import { times } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+import { TestContract, TestContractArtifact } from '@aztec/noir-test-contracts.js/Test';
 
 import type { TestWallet } from '../test-wallet/test_wallet.js';
 
@@ -14,12 +15,19 @@ export const submitTxsTo = async (
   numTxs: number,
   logger: Logger,
 ): Promise<TxHash[]> => {
+  // Register (without deploying) a single TestContract instance to source cheap throwaway txs from.
+  // emit_nullifier is #[noinitcheck], so it runs on a register-only instance — this avoids a full
+  // account-contract deployment per tx, which is all these callers were paying for a mined/gossiped tx.
+  const testContractInstance = await getContractInstanceFromInstantiationParams(TestContractArtifact, {
+    salt: Fr.random(),
+  });
+  await wallet.registerContract(testContractInstance, TestContractArtifact);
+  const contract = TestContract.at(testContractInstance.address, wallet);
+
   const txHashes: TxHash[] = [];
   await Promise.all(
     times(numTxs, async () => {
-      const accountManager = await wallet.createSchnorrAccount(Fr.random(), Fr.random(), GrumpkinScalar.random());
-      const deployMethod = await accountManager.getDeployMethod();
-      const { txHash } = await deployMethod.send({ from: submitter, wait: NO_WAIT });
+      const { txHash } = await contract.methods.emit_nullifier(Fr.random()).send({ from: submitter, wait: NO_WAIT });
 
       logger.info(`Tx sent with hash ${txHash}`);
       const receipt: TxReceipt = await wallet.getTxReceipt(txHash);

package/src/shared/timing_env.d.mts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/** A single recorded span occurrence on the shared `performance.now()` clock. */
+export type TimingSpan = {
+  /** Full name of the test running when the span started, or `null` during a beforeAll/afterAll hook. */
+  owner?: string | null;
+  /** Stable `category:label` tag. */
+  name?: string;
+  /** Clock value at span start. */
+  start: number;
+  /** Clock value at span end. */
+  end: number;
+};
+
+/** Aggregate of one tag's occurrences. */
+export type SpanAggregate = {
+  count: number;
+  totalMs: number;
+  busyMs: number;
+  maxMs: number;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Aggregates a list of `{ start, end }` spans of one tag into `{ count, totalMs, busyMs, maxMs }`.
+ * Does not mutate the input array.
+ */
+export function aggregateSpans(spans: TimingSpan[]): SpanAggregate;
+
+/**
+ * Groups `spans` by owner then tag, attaches a `spans` aggregate map to the matching record (or
+ * `suiteRecord` for `null`-owner spans), derives back-compat `setupFnMs` / `teardownFnMs`, drops spans
+ * whose owner matches no record, and returns the raw per-occurrence list (empty unless `emitSpanLines`).
+ */
+export function foldSpansInto(
+  spans: TimingSpan[],
+  options: {
+    recordsByName: Map<string, Record<string, unknown>>;
+    suiteRecord: Record<string, unknown>;
+    emitSpanLines?: boolean;
+  },
+): { owner: string | null; name: string; ms: number }[];