@aztec/archiver 0.0.1-commit.29c6b1a3 → 0.0.1-commit.2d9cb6034

package/src/archiver.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import type { BlobClientInterface } from '@aztec/blob-client/client';
-import { GENESIS_BLOCK_HEADER_HASH, INITIAL_L2_BLOCK_NUM } from '@aztec/constants';
 import { EpochCache } from '@aztec/epoch-cache';
 import { BlockTagTooOldError, RollupContract } from '@aztec/ethereum/contracts';
 import type { L1ContractAddresses } from '@aztec/ethereum/l1-contract-addresses';
@@ -15,31 +14,30 @@ import { RunningPromise, makeLoggingErrorHandler } from '@aztec/foundation/runni
 import { DateProvider } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import {
   type ArchiverEmitter,
-  type CheckpointId,
-  GENESIS_CHECKPOINT_HEADER_HASH,
   L2Block,
   type L2BlockSink,
   type L2Tips,
   type ValidateCheckpointResult,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
-import { PublishedCheckpoint } from '@aztec/stdlib/checkpoint';
+import { type ProposedCheckpointInput, PublishedCheckpoint } from '@aztec/stdlib/checkpoint';
 import {
   type L1RollupConstants,
-  getEpochNumberAtTimestamp,
-  getSlotAtTimestamp,
+  getEpochAtSlot,
+  getSlotAtNextL1Block,
   getSlotRangeForEpoch,
   getTimestampRangeForEpoch,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/epoch-helpers';
 import { type TelemetryClient, type Traceable, type Tracer, trackSpan } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
 
 import { type ArchiverConfig, mapArchiverConfig } from './config.js';
-import { NoBlobBodiesFoundError } from './errors.js';
+import { BlockAlreadyCheckpointedError, NoBlobBodiesFoundError } from './errors.js';
 import { validateAndLogTraceAvailability } from './l1/validate_trace.js';
 import { ArchiverDataSourceBase } from './modules/data_source_base.js';
 import { ArchiverDataStoreUpdater } from './modules/data_store_updater.js';
 import type { ArchiverInstrumentation } from './modules/instrumentation.js';
 import type { ArchiverL1Synchronizer } from './modules/l1_synchronizer.js';
 import type { KVArchiverDataStore } from './store/kv_archiver_store.js';
+import { L2TipsCache } from './store/l2_tips_cache.js';
 
 /** Export ArchiverEmitter for use in factory and tests. */
 export type { ArchiverEmitter };
@@ -82,6 +80,9 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
   /** Helper to handle updates to the store */
   private readonly updater: ArchiverDataStoreUpdater;
 
+  /** In-memory cache for L2 chain tips. */
+  private readonly l2TipsCache: L2TipsCache;
+
   public readonly tracer: Tracer;
 
   /**
@@ -94,7 +95,6 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
    * @param dataStore - An archiver data store for storage & retrieval of blocks, encrypted logs & contract data.
    * @param config - Archiver configuration options.
    * @param blobClient - Client for retrieving blob data.
-   * @param epochCache - Cache for epoch-related data.
    * @param dateProvider - Provider for current date/time.
    * @param instrumentation - Instrumentation for metrics and tracing.
    * @param l1Constants - L1 rollup constants.
@@ -118,9 +118,13 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     },
     private readonly blobClient: BlobClientInterface,
     instrumentation: ArchiverInstrumentation,
-    protected override readonly l1Constants: L1RollupConstants & { l1StartBlockHash: Buffer32; genesisArchiveRoot: Fr },
+    protected override readonly l1Constants: L1RollupConstants & {
+      l1StartBlockHash: Buffer32;
+      genesisArchiveRoot: Fr;
+    },
     synchronizer: ArchiverL1Synchronizer,
     events: ArchiverEmitter,
+    l2TipsCache?: L2TipsCache,
     private readonly log: Logger = createLogger('archiver'),
   ) {
     super(dataStore, l1Constants);
@@ -129,7 +133,10 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     this.initialSyncPromise = promiseWithResolvers();
     this.synchronizer = synchronizer;
     this.events = events;
-    this.updater = new ArchiverDataStoreUpdater(this.dataStore);
+    this.l2TipsCache = l2TipsCache ?? new L2TipsCache(this.dataStore.blockStore);
+    this.updater = new ArchiverDataStoreUpdater(this.dataStore, this.l2TipsCache, {
+      rollupManaLimit: l1Constants.rollupManaLimit,
+    });
 
     // Running promise starts with a small interval inbetween runs, so all iterations needed for the initial sync
     // are done as fast as possible. This then gets updated once the initial sync completes.
@@ -158,7 +165,11 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
 
     await this.blobClient.testSources();
     await this.synchronizer.testEthereumNodeSynced();
-    await validateAndLogTraceAvailability(this.debugClient, this.config.ethereumAllowNoDebugHosts ?? false);
+    await validateAndLogTraceAvailability(
+      this.debugClient,
+      this.config.ethereumAllowNoDebugHosts ?? false,
+      this.log.getBindings(),
+    );
 
     // Log initial state for the archiver
     const { l1StartBlock } = this.l1Constants;
@@ -198,6 +209,10 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     });
   }
 
+  public async setProposedCheckpoint(pending: ProposedCheckpointInput): Promise<void> {
+    await this.updater.setProposedCheckpoint(pending);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Processes all queued blocks, adding them to the store.
    * Called at the beginning of each sync iteration.
@@ -212,13 +227,33 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     const queuedItems = this.blockQueue.splice(0, this.blockQueue.length);
     this.log.debug(`Processing ${queuedItems.length} queued block(s)`);
 
+    // Calculate slot threshold for validation
+    const l1Timestamp = this.synchronizer.getL1Timestamp();
+    const slotAtNextL1Block =
+      l1Timestamp === undefined ? undefined : getSlotAtNextL1Block(l1Timestamp, this.l1Constants);
+
     // Process each block individually to properly resolve/reject each promise
     for (const { block, resolve, reject } of queuedItems) {
+      const blockSlot = block.header.globalVariables.slotNumber;
+      if (slotAtNextL1Block !== undefined && blockSlot < slotAtNextL1Block) {
+        this.log.warn(
+          `Rejecting proposed block ${block.number} for past slot ${blockSlot} (current is ${slotAtNextL1Block})`,
+          { block: block.toBlockInfo(), l1Timestamp, slotAtNextL1Block },
+        );
+        reject(new Error(`Block ${block.number} is for past slot ${blockSlot} (current is ${slotAtNextL1Block})`));
+        continue;
+      }
+
       try {
-        await this.updater.addProposedBlocks([block]);
+        await this.updater.addProposedBlock(block);
         this.log.debug(`Added block ${block.number} to store`);
         resolve();
       } catch (err: any) {
+        if (err instanceof BlockAlreadyCheckpointedError) {
+          this.log.debug(`Proposed block ${block.number} matches already checkpointed block, ignoring late proposal`);
+          resolve();
+          continue;
+        }
         this.log.error(`Failed to add block ${block.number} to store: ${err.message}`);
         reject(err);
       }
@@ -310,16 +345,49 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     return Promise.resolve(this.synchronizer.getL1Timestamp());
   }
 
-  public getL2SlotNumber(): Promise<SlotNumber | undefined> {
+  public async getSyncedL2SlotNumber(): Promise<SlotNumber | undefined> {
+    // The synced L2 slot is the latest slot for which we have all L1 data,
+    // either because we have seen all L1 blocks for that slot, or because
+    // we have seen the corresponding checkpoint.
+
+    let slotFromL1Sync: SlotNumber | undefined;
     const l1Timestamp = this.synchronizer.getL1Timestamp();
-    return Promise.resolve(l1Timestamp === undefined ? undefined : getSlotAtTimestamp(l1Timestamp, this.l1Constants));
+    if (l1Timestamp !== undefined) {
+      const nextL1BlockSlot = getSlotAtNextL1Block(l1Timestamp, this.l1Constants);
+      if (Number(nextL1BlockSlot) > 0) {
+        slotFromL1Sync = SlotNumber.add(nextL1BlockSlot, -1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    let slotFromCheckpoint: SlotNumber | undefined;
+    const latestCheckpointNumber = await this.store.getSynchedCheckpointNumber();
+    if (latestCheckpointNumber > 0) {
+      const checkpointData = await this.store.getCheckpointData(latestCheckpointNumber);
+      if (checkpointData) {
+        slotFromCheckpoint = checkpointData.header.slotNumber;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (slotFromL1Sync === undefined && slotFromCheckpoint === undefined) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    return SlotNumber(Math.max(slotFromL1Sync ?? 0, slotFromCheckpoint ?? 0));
   }
 
-  public getL2EpochNumber(): Promise<EpochNumber | undefined> {
-    const l1Timestamp = this.synchronizer.getL1Timestamp();
-    return Promise.resolve(
-      l1Timestamp === undefined ? undefined : getEpochNumberAtTimestamp(l1Timestamp, this.l1Constants),
-    );
+  public async getSyncedL2EpochNumber(): Promise<EpochNumber | undefined> {
+    const syncedSlot = await this.getSyncedL2SlotNumber();
+    if (syncedSlot === undefined) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    // An epoch is fully synced when all its slots are synced.
+    // We check if syncedSlot is the last slot of its epoch; if so, that epoch is fully synced.
+    // Otherwise, only the previous epoch is fully synced.
+    const epoch = getEpochAtSlot(syncedSlot, this.l1Constants);
+    const [, endSlot] = getSlotRangeForEpoch(epoch, this.l1Constants);
+    if (syncedSlot >= endSlot) {
+      return epoch;
+    }
+    return Number(epoch) > 0 ? EpochNumber(Number(epoch) - 1) : undefined;
   }
 
   public async isEpochComplete(epochNumber: EpochNumber): Promise<boolean> {
@@ -371,115 +439,11 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     return true;
   }
 
-  public async getL2Tips(): Promise<L2Tips> {
-    const [latestBlockNumber, provenBlockNumber, checkpointedBlockNumber, finalizedBlockNumber] = await Promise.all([
-      this.getBlockNumber(),
-      this.getProvenBlockNumber(),
-      this.getCheckpointedL2BlockNumber(),
-      this.getFinalizedL2BlockNumber(),
-    ] as const);
-
-    const beforeInitialblockNumber = BlockNumber(INITIAL_L2_BLOCK_NUM - 1);
-
-    // Get the latest block header and checkpointed blocks for proven, finalised and checkpointed blocks
-    const [latestBlockHeader, provenCheckpointedBlock, finalizedCheckpointedBlock, checkpointedBlock] =
-      await Promise.all([
-        latestBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber ? this.getBlockHeader(latestBlockNumber) : undefined,
-        provenBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber ? this.getCheckpointedBlock(provenBlockNumber) : undefined,
-        finalizedBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber ? this.getCheckpointedBlock(finalizedBlockNumber) : undefined,
-        checkpointedBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber
-          ? this.getCheckpointedBlock(checkpointedBlockNumber)
-          : undefined,
-      ] as const);
-
-    if (latestBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber && !latestBlockHeader) {
-      throw new Error(`Failed to retrieve latest block header for block ${latestBlockNumber}`);
-    }
-
-    // Checkpointed blocks must exist for proven, finalized and checkpointed tips if they are beyond the initial block number.
-    if (checkpointedBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber && !checkpointedBlock?.block.header) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `Failed to retrieve checkpointed block header for block ${checkpointedBlockNumber} (latest block is ${latestBlockNumber})`,
-      );
-    }
-
-    if (provenBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber && !provenCheckpointedBlock?.block.header) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `Failed to retrieve proven checkpointed for block ${provenBlockNumber} (latest block is ${latestBlockNumber})`,
-      );
-    }
-
-    if (finalizedBlockNumber > beforeInitialblockNumber && !finalizedCheckpointedBlock?.block.header) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `Failed to retrieve finalized block header for block ${finalizedBlockNumber} (latest block is ${latestBlockNumber})`,
-      );
-    }
-
-    const latestBlockHeaderHash = (await latestBlockHeader?.hash()) ?? GENESIS_BLOCK_HEADER_HASH;
-    const provenBlockHeaderHash = (await provenCheckpointedBlock?.block.header?.hash()) ?? GENESIS_BLOCK_HEADER_HASH;
-    const finalizedBlockHeaderHash =
-      (await finalizedCheckpointedBlock?.block.header?.hash()) ?? GENESIS_BLOCK_HEADER_HASH;
-    const checkpointedBlockHeaderHash = (await checkpointedBlock?.block.header?.hash()) ?? GENESIS_BLOCK_HEADER_HASH;
-
-    // Now attempt to retrieve checkpoints for proven, finalised and checkpointed blocks
-    const [[provenBlockCheckpoint], [finalizedBlockCheckpoint], [checkpointedBlockCheckpoint]] = await Promise.all([
-      provenCheckpointedBlock !== undefined
-        ? await this.getCheckpoints(provenCheckpointedBlock?.checkpointNumber, 1)
-        : [undefined],
-      finalizedCheckpointedBlock !== undefined
-        ? await this.getCheckpoints(finalizedCheckpointedBlock?.checkpointNumber, 1)
-        : [undefined],
-      checkpointedBlock !== undefined ? await this.getCheckpoints(checkpointedBlock?.checkpointNumber, 1) : [undefined],
-    ]);
-
-    const initialcheckpointId: CheckpointId = {
-      number: CheckpointNumber.ZERO,
-      hash: GENESIS_CHECKPOINT_HEADER_HASH.toString(),
-    };
-
-    const makeCheckpointId = (checkpoint: PublishedCheckpoint | undefined) => {
-      if (checkpoint === undefined) {
-        return initialcheckpointId;
-      }
-      return {
-        number: checkpoint.checkpoint.number,
-        hash: checkpoint.checkpoint.hash().toString(),
-      };
-    };
-
-    const l2Tips: L2Tips = {
-      proposed: {
-        number: latestBlockNumber,
-        hash: latestBlockHeaderHash.toString(),
-      },
-      proven: {
-        block: {
-          number: provenBlockNumber,
-          hash: provenBlockHeaderHash.toString(),
-        },
-        checkpoint: makeCheckpointId(provenBlockCheckpoint),
-      },
-      finalized: {
-        block: {
-          number: finalizedBlockNumber,
-          hash: finalizedBlockHeaderHash.toString(),
-        },
-        checkpoint: makeCheckpointId(finalizedBlockCheckpoint),
-      },
-      checkpointed: {
-        block: {
-          number: checkpointedBlockNumber,
-          hash: checkpointedBlockHeaderHash.toString(),
-        },
-        checkpoint: makeCheckpointId(checkpointedBlockCheckpoint),
-      },
-    };
-
-    return l2Tips;
+  public getL2Tips(): Promise<L2Tips> {
+    return this.l2TipsCache.getL2Tips();
   }
 
   public async rollbackTo(targetL2BlockNumber: BlockNumber): Promise<void> {
-    // TODO(pw/mbps): This still assumes 1 block per checkpoint
     const currentBlocks = await this.getL2Tips();
     const currentL2Block = currentBlocks.proposed.number;
     const currentProvenBlock = currentBlocks.proven.block.number;
@@ -491,8 +455,25 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     if (!targetL2Block) {
       throw new Error(`Target L2 block ${targetL2BlockNumber} not found`);
     }
-    const targetL1BlockNumber = targetL2Block.l1.blockNumber;
     const targetCheckpointNumber = targetL2Block.checkpointNumber;
+
+    // Rollback operates at checkpoint granularity: the target block must be the last block of its checkpoint.
+    const checkpointData = await this.store.getCheckpointData(targetCheckpointNumber);
+    if (checkpointData) {
+      const lastBlockInCheckpoint = BlockNumber(checkpointData.startBlock + checkpointData.blockCount - 1);
+      if (targetL2BlockNumber !== lastBlockInCheckpoint) {
+        const previousCheckpointBoundary =
+          checkpointData.startBlock > 1 ? BlockNumber(checkpointData.startBlock - 1) : BlockNumber(0);
+        throw new Error(
+          `Target L2 block ${targetL2BlockNumber} is not at a checkpoint boundary. ` +
+            `Checkpoint ${targetCheckpointNumber} spans blocks ${checkpointData.startBlock} to ${lastBlockInCheckpoint}. ` +
+            `Use block ${lastBlockInCheckpoint} to roll back to this checkpoint, ` +
+            `or block ${previousCheckpointBoundary} to roll back to the previous one.`,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    const targetL1BlockNumber = targetL2Block.l1.blockNumber;
     const targetL1Block = await this.publicClient.getBlock({
       blockNumber: targetL1BlockNumber,
       includeTransactions: false,
@@ -511,13 +492,13 @@ export class Archiver extends ArchiverDataSourceBase implements L2BlockSink, Tra
     await this.store.setCheckpointSynchedL1BlockNumber(targetL1BlockNumber);
     await this.store.setMessageSynchedL1Block({ l1BlockNumber: targetL1BlockNumber, l1BlockHash: targetL1BlockHash });
     if (targetL2BlockNumber < currentProvenBlock) {
-      this.log.info(`Clearing proven L2 block number`);
-      await this.store.setProvenCheckpointNumber(CheckpointNumber.ZERO);
+      this.log.info(`Rolling back proven L2 checkpoint to ${targetCheckpointNumber}`);
+      await this.updater.setProvenCheckpointNumber(targetCheckpointNumber);
+    }
+    const currentFinalizedBlock = currentBlocks.finalized.block.number;
+    if (targetL2BlockNumber < currentFinalizedBlock) {
+      this.log.info(`Rolling back finalized L2 checkpoint to ${targetCheckpointNumber}`);
+      await this.updater.setFinalizedCheckpointNumber(targetCheckpointNumber);
     }
-    // TODO(palla/reorg): Set the finalized block when we add support for it.
-    // if (targetL2BlockNumber < currentFinalizedBlock) {
-    //   this.log.info(`Clearing finalized L2 block number`);
-    //   await this.store.setFinalizedL2BlockNumber(0);
-    // }
   }
 }

package/src/config.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,12 @@ import {
   getConfigFromMappings,
   numberConfigHelper,
 } from '@aztec/foundation/config';
-import { type ChainConfig, chainConfigMappings } from '@aztec/stdlib/config';
+import {
+  type ChainConfig,
+  type PipelineConfig,
+  chainConfigMappings,
+  pipelineConfigMappings,
+} from '@aztec/stdlib/config';
 import type { ArchiverSpecificConfig } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
 
 /**
@@ -21,11 +26,13 @@ import type { ArchiverSpecificConfig } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
 export type ArchiverConfig = ArchiverSpecificConfig &
   L1ReaderConfig &
   L1ContractsConfig &
+  PipelineConfig & // required to pass through to epoch cache
   BlobClientConfig &
   ChainConfig;
 
 export const archiverConfigMappings: ConfigMappingsType<ArchiverConfig> = {
   ...blobClientConfigMapping,
+  ...pipelineConfigMappings,
   archiverPollingIntervalMS: {
     env: 'ARCHIVER_POLLING_INTERVAL_MS',
     description: 'The polling interval in ms for retrieving new L2 blocks and encrypted logs.',

package/src/errors.ts

@@ -6,24 +6,9 @@ export class NoBlobBodiesFoundError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
-export class InitialBlockNumberNotSequentialError extends Error {
-  constructor(
-    public readonly newBlockNumber: number,
-    public readonly previousBlockNumber: number | undefined,
-  ) {
-    super(
-      `Cannot insert new block ${newBlockNumber} given previous block number in store is ${
-        previousBlockNumber ?? 'undefined'
-      }`,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
 export class BlockNumberNotSequentialError extends Error {
   constructor(newBlockNumber: number, previous: number | undefined) {
-    super(
-      `Cannot insert new block ${newBlockNumber} given previous block number in batch is ${previous ?? 'undefined'}`,
-    );
+    super(`Cannot insert new block ${newBlockNumber} given previous block number is ${previous ?? 'undefined'}`);
   }
 }
 
@@ -41,17 +26,13 @@ export class InitialCheckpointNumberNotSequentialError extends Error {
 }
 
 export class CheckpointNumberNotSequentialError extends Error {
-  constructor(newCheckpointNumber: number, previous: number | undefined) {
-    super(
-      `Cannot insert new checkpoint ${newCheckpointNumber} given previous checkpoint number in batch is ${previous ?? 'undefined'}`,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-export class CheckpointNumberNotConsistentError extends Error {
-  constructor(newCheckpointNumber: number, previous: number | undefined) {
+  constructor(
+    newCheckpointNumber: number,
+    previous: number | undefined,
+    source: 'confirmed' | 'proposed' = 'confirmed',
+  ) {
     super(
-      `Cannot insert block for new checkpoint ${newCheckpointNumber} given previous block was checkpoint ${previous ?? 'undefined'}`,
+      `Cannot insert new checkpoint ${newCheckpointNumber} given previous ${source} checkpoint number is ${previous ?? 'undefined'}`,
     );
   }
 }
@@ -89,6 +70,69 @@ export class BlockNotFoundError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
+/** Thrown when a proposed block matches a block that was already checkpointed. This is expected for late proposals. */
+export class BlockAlreadyCheckpointedError extends Error {
+  constructor(public readonly blockNumber: number) {
+    super(`Block ${blockNumber} has already been checkpointed with the same content`);
+    this.name = 'BlockAlreadyCheckpointedError';
+  }
+}
+
+/** Thrown when logs are added for a tag whose last stored log has a higher block number than the new log. */
+export class OutOfOrderLogInsertionError extends Error {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly logType: 'private' | 'public',
+    public readonly tag: string,
+    public readonly lastBlockNumber: number,
+    public readonly newBlockNumber: number,
+  ) {
+    super(
+      `Out-of-order ${logType} log insertion for tag ${tag}: ` +
+        `last existing log is from block ${lastBlockNumber} but new log is from block ${newBlockNumber}`,
+    );
+    this.name = 'OutOfOrderLogInsertionError';
+  }
+}
+
+/** Thrown when L1 to L2 messages are requested for a checkpoint whose message tree hasn't been sealed yet. */
+export class L1ToL2MessagesNotReadyError extends Error {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly checkpointNumber: number,
+    public readonly inboxTreeInProgress: bigint,
+  ) {
+    super(
+      `Cannot get L1 to L2 messages for checkpoint ${checkpointNumber}: ` +
+        `inbox tree in progress is ${inboxTreeInProgress}, messages not yet sealed`,
+    );
+    this.name = 'L1ToL2MessagesNotReadyError';
+  }
+}
+
+/** Thrown when a proposed checkpoint number is stale (already processed). */
+export class ProposedCheckpointStaleError extends Error {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly proposedCheckpointNumber: number,
+    public readonly currentProposedNumber: number,
+  ) {
+    super(`Stale proposed checkpoint ${proposedCheckpointNumber}: current proposed is ${currentProposedNumber}`);
+    this.name = 'ProposedCheckpointStaleError';
+  }
+}
+
+/** Thrown when a proposed checkpoint number is not the expected confirmed + 1. */
+export class ProposedCheckpointNotSequentialError extends Error {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly proposedCheckpointNumber: number,
+    public readonly confirmedCheckpointNumber: number,
+  ) {
+    super(
+      `Proposed checkpoint ${proposedCheckpointNumber} is not sequential: expected ${confirmedCheckpointNumber + 1} (confirmed + 1)`,
+    );
+    this.name = 'ProposedCheckpointNotSequentialError';
+  }
+}
+
+/** Thrown when a proposed block conflicts with an already checkpointed block (different content). */
 export class CannotOverwriteCheckpointedBlockError extends Error {
   constructor(
     public readonly blockNumber: number,