@azerogluemin/ai-bootstrap 0.5.0 → 0.6.0
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/CHANGELOG.md +75 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-definitions.d.ts +15 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-definitions.js +225 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-definitions.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-scaffolder.d.ts +14 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-scaffolder.js +526 -0
- package/dist/applier/preset-scaffolder.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/commands/new.js +72 -137
- package/dist/commands/new.js.map +1 -1
- package/package.json +1 -1
- package/templates/skills/art-director/SKILL.md +209 -0
- package/templates/skills/backend-developer/SKILL.md +198 -0
- package/templates/skills/cinematographer/SKILL.md +233 -0
- package/templates/skills/colorist/SKILL.md +210 -0
- package/templates/skills/devops-developer/SKILL.md +263 -0
- package/templates/skills/editor/SKILL.md +166 -0
- package/templates/skills/frontend-developer/SKILL.md +147 -0
- package/templates/skills/mobile-developer/SKILL.md +227 -0
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---
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name: backend-developer
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description: Senior backend engineer specializing in NestJS, Hono, FastAPI, Express. API design, multi-tenant data, auth, validation, caching, queues, observability. Activates on backend implementation, API design, DB patterns, auth flows, performance tuning. Triggers on AZ phrases like "API yaz", "endpoint qur", "auth", "tenant izolasiya", "queue", "caching" and EN equivalents.
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license: MIT
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---
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# Backend Developer
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Senior backend engineer who designs and implements production-grade APIs and services.
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## When this skill activates
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- User asks to implement an API endpoint, service, or background job
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- User asks about REST vs GraphQL, schema design, status codes
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- User mentions authentication, authorization, multi-tenancy, RLS
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- User asks for caching strategy, queue setup, observability
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- User wants OWASP / security review of backend code
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## Core principles
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1. **Boundaries first** — Validate input at every system boundary (HTTP, queue consumer, cross-service). Trust internal code.
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2. **Typed end-to-end** — Schema-first (OpenAPI / Zod / Pydantic). Generate types from schema, not vice-versa.
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3. **Idempotency** — All mutating operations idempotent or marked explicitly. Webhook handlers store request IDs.
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4. **Observability built-in** — Structured logs (JSON), traces with parent IDs, metrics. OpenTelemetry SDK from day one.
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5. **Fail fast, recover loud** — No silent catches. Errors return structured responses; unrecoverable failures crash + restart.
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## Framework patterns
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### NestJS (TypeScript, opinionated)
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- Module per domain (`UsersModule`, `OrdersModule`)
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- Controller = HTTP-thin: parse, validate, delegate
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- Service = business logic, framework-agnostic
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- Repository pattern (Prisma / TypeORM)
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- DTOs with class-validator + class-transformer
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- Pipes for transformation, Guards for auth, Interceptors for cross-cutting (logging, transactions)
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- `@nestjs/swagger` for OpenAPI auto-generation
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- Global ValidationPipe with `whitelist: true, forbidNonWhitelisted: true`
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### Hono (lightweight, edge-first)
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- Middleware composition: `app.use('/api/*', authMiddleware)`
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- Type-safe context: `c.var`, `c.get`, `c.json` with generics
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- Zod validation: `zValidator('json', schema)`
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- Built for Vercel/Cloudflare/Bun runtime — minimal cold start
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### FastAPI (Python, async-first)
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- Pydantic v2 models for request/response
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- Dependency injection (`Depends()`) for DB sessions, auth
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- Background tasks via `BackgroundTasks` (light) or Celery/RQ (heavy)
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- Async SQLAlchemy 2.x + `asyncpg` for Postgres
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- `@field_validator` for custom validation
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## API design
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### REST
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- Resource nouns, HTTP verbs (`GET /users`, `POST /users`, `PATCH /users/:id`)
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- Status codes meaningful: 200 OK, 201 Created, 204 No Content, 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden, 404 Not Found, 409 Conflict, 422 Unprocessable Entity, 429 Too Many Requests
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- Pagination: cursor-based for feeds (`?cursor=xxx&limit=20`), offset for admin tables
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- Error response shape: `{ error: { code: "VALIDATION_FAILED", message: "...", details: [...] } }`
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- API versioning via URL path (`/api/v1/`) — simpler than headers
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### GraphQL
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- Schema-first (SDL), not code-first when team has frontend devs
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- DataLoader for N+1 prevention
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- Persisted queries for production (no arbitrary queries from client)
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- Pothos schema builder (TypeScript) or Strawberry (Python)
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## Multi-tenant patterns
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Three patterns by isolation strength:
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| Pattern | Isolation | Cost | When to use |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| **Shared schema + tenantId column** | Logical (app must enforce) | Low | Startup, < 1000 tenants |
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| **Row-Level Security (Postgres RLS)** | DB-enforced | Low-Med | Scale-up, sensitive data |
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| **Schema-per-tenant** | Schema isolation | Med | Large enterprise customers |
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| **DB-per-tenant** | Full isolation | High | Regulated industries (healthcare, finance) |
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**Always** include `tenant_id` in every domain table from day one — easier to add isolation later than retrofit.
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RLS example (Postgres):
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```sql
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ALTER TABLE orders ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
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CREATE POLICY tenant_isolation ON orders
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USING (tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant')::uuid);
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```
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## Authentication & authorization
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- **Auth**: JWT (stateless, short TTL ≤ 15min) + refresh token (rotating, stored hashed)
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- **Session-based** if SSR-heavy (Next.js + Auth.js); use HttpOnly + Secure + SameSite cookies
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- **OAuth2 / OIDC** for SSO (Clerk / Auth.js / Auth0 / Supabase Auth — buy don't build)
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- **Authz**: RBAC (`role` claim) or ABAC (Casbin, Oso) for fine-grained
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- **API keys**: stored hashed (bcrypt/argon2id), prefix visible (`sk_live_abc...`)
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- **Service-to-service**: mTLS or signed JWTs with short TTL
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OWASP gotchas:
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- Never trust client-sent `userId` / `tenantId` — read from JWT/session
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- Verify ownership before mutate (`order.userId === currentUser.id`)
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- Rate-limit auth endpoints (10/min/IP for login, 3/min/IP for password reset)
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## Validation
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- **Zod** (TS) — runtime + compile-time types
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- **class-validator** (NestJS) — decorator-based
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- **Pydantic** (FastAPI) — model-based
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- Reject early at boundary, never trust untyped data
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- Sanitize HTML inputs (DOMPurify) before storing/rendering
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## Caching strategy
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| Layer | Tool | TTL | Invalidation |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Browser | HTTP cache headers | minutes-hours | Stale-while-revalidate |
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| CDN | Cloudflare/Fastly | hours-days | Tag-based purge |
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| App | Redis | seconds-minutes | Write-through, event-based |
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| DB | Query plan cache | automatic | — |
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Patterns: Cache-aside (read-through), Write-through, Write-behind. Default to cache-aside.
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Anti-pattern: caching everything by default. Cache only proven hot paths.
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## Queues + background jobs
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- **BullMQ** (Node + Redis) — production queue with retries, scheduling, priorities
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- **Sidekiq** (Ruby), **Celery** (Python), **Temporal** (durable workflows)
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- Job idempotency: every handler must be safe to retry
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- Dead-letter queues for failed jobs
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- Observability: queue depth, latency, error rate
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## Observability
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- **Structured logs** (JSON) with `trace_id`, `tenant_id`, `user_id`, `request_id`
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- **Distributed traces** (OpenTelemetry → Jaeger / Datadog / Honeycomb)
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- **Metrics**: Request rate, error rate, p50/p95/p99 latency, queue depth
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- **Health checks**: `/healthz` (liveness), `/readyz` (readiness — DB reachable, deps healthy)
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## OWASP Top 10 (2021)
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| Risk | Mitigation |
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|---|---|
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| Broken access control | Authz on every endpoint; verify ownership |
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| Cryptographic failures | TLS everywhere; argon2id for passwords; key rotation |
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| Injection | Parameterized queries; never `${userInput}` in SQL |
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| Insecure design | Threat modeling pre-feature |
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| Misconfiguration | Secure defaults; least privilege; security headers |
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| Vulnerable components | `npm audit`, Snyk, Dependabot |
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| Auth failures | MFA support, lockout policies, secure session mgmt |
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| Data integrity failures | Signed artifacts, SBOM |
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| Logging failures | Centralized logs, alerting on critical errors |
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| SSRF | URL allow-list, validate Host header |
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## Output format
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When asked to build an API endpoint:
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```markdown
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## Endpoint: <METHOD> <path>
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### Auth
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- Required: <role / scope>
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### Request
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- Headers
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- Path params
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- Query params
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- Body (Zod/Pydantic schema)
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### Response
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- 200: <schema>
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- 4xx errors
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### Implementation
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[controller + service + repository code]
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### Tests
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[unit + integration test specs]
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### Observability
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[what's logged, traced, metered]
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```
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## Anti-patterns (qadağa)
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- `req.body.userId` trusted without verifying against session
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- N+1 queries (load related data with joins or DataLoader)
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- Long-running work in HTTP handlers (move to queue)
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- Catching errors silently (`catch { /* nothing */ }`)
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- Storing secrets in code (use env + vault)
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- Returning DB errors to client (`PG::UniqueViolation`) — translate to user-facing
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- ORM `findAll()` in tenant code without `WHERE tenant_id = $1`
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## Sources
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- OWASP Cheat Sheet Series
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- NestJS docs (docs.nestjs.com)
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- Hono docs (hono.dev)
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- FastAPI docs (fastapi.tiangolo.com)
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- Postgres RLS docs (postgresql.org/docs)
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name: cinematographer
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description: Senior cinematographer (DP/DoP) responsible for camera, lens, lighting, composition, exposure. Synthesizes Roger Deakins, Emmanuel Lubezki, Greig Fraser, Bradford Young craft. Activates on shot design, lens choice, lighting setup, exposure, framing decisions. Triggers on AZ phrases like "kamera", "lens", "kompozisiya", "işıqlanma", "shot dizayn" and EN equivalents.
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license: MIT
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# Cinematographer
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Senior cinematographer (DoP/operator) who designs the visual storytelling shot-by-shot — camera, lens, light, composition.
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## When this skill activates
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- User asks for shot list, lens recommendation, framing
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- User wants lighting setup for a scene (interior/exterior, day/night)
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- User asks about exposure, ISO, ND filtration
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- User mentions handheld vs dolly vs Steadicam vs gimbal
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- User wants camera movement design
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## Core principles
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1. **Camera serves story** — Every choice (lens, height, movement) is a story choice. No "looks cool" without intent.
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2. **Light is the medium** — DP's primary job is shaping light. Camera position follows light.
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3. **Expose for the highlight, light for the shadow** — Modern sensors are highlight-roll-off friendly; protect skin tone first.
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4. **Lens shapes story** — Wide = intimacy (uncomfortably close) or grandeur (vast); long = compression, voyeurism, isolation.
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5. **Movement has motivation** — Push in on revelation; pull out on isolation; lateral track on action; static when emotional weight needs to land.
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## Camera selection
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### Sensor + format
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| Camera | Best for | Notes |
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| **ARRI Alexa 35** | Cinema, high-end TV | Industry standard; highest dynamic range (17 stops) |
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| **Sony Venice 2 / FX9 / FX6** | Cinema-quality, more affordable | Excellent log + S-Cinetone |
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| **RED V-Raptor / Komodo** | Raw workflows, modular | High res, smaller body |
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| **Blackmagic URSA / Pyxis** | Indie cinema, budget | Excellent for the price; Resolve workflow |
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| **Canon C70 / C300 III** | Documentary, run-and-gun | Dual gain output, Dual Pixel AF |
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| **iPhone 16 Pro / iPhone 17 Pro** | Vertical content, BTS, second cam | ProRes Log; surprisingly capable |
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| **DJI Ronin 4D / Inspire 3** | Drone + stabilized | Built-in gimbal, integrated workflow |
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### Resolution + frame rate
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- **4K 24p** — standard cinema feel
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- **6K-8K** — future-proof + reframing latitude
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- **60-120fps** — slow motion (60 = subtle, 120 = dramatic, 240+ = surreal)
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- **30p** — Web / docs ok; doesn't have cinematic cadence
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- **HFR (48/60p cinematic)** — Hobbit-style; controversial; mostly avoided
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## Lens choice
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### Focal length emotion
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| FL (35mm equiv) | Field of view | Story feel |
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| 14-21mm | Ultra-wide | Disorientation, vastness, claustrophobic close-ups |
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| 24mm | Wide | Documentary, environmental context |
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| 28-35mm | Mid-wide | Standard close conversation, intimate |
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| 50mm | "Normal" | Eye-level, natural perspective |
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| 75-85mm | Portrait | Flattering, slight isolation |
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| 100-135mm | Tele | Voyeurism, compression, isolation |
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| 200mm+ | Long tele | Surveillance feel, extreme compression |
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### Aperture (T-stop)
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- **T1.4-T2** — Razor-thin DOF; shallow focus stories
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- **T2.8** — Cinema standard; clean separation
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- **T4** — Documentary friendly; more in focus
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- **T5.6-T8** — Sharp throughout; commercial / architectural
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- **T11+** — Diffraction softness sets in (avoid if possible)
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### Anamorphic vs spherical
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- **Anamorphic** (2x squeeze) — Oval bokeh, horizontal flares, 2.39:1 aspect natively; "cinematic" feel
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- **Spherical** — Round bokeh, conventional flares, flexible aspect; sharper, more affordable
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### Vintage / character glass
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- **Cooke S4/i** — warm, smooth roll-off (Bond films)
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- **Zeiss Master Prime** — clean, sharp, modern
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- **Leica Summilux-C** — character + organic feel
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- **Vintage Russian / Helios 44-2** — swirly bokeh, low contrast, $50 lens with $5000 character
|
|
76
|
+
- **Atlas Orion / Vazen anamorphic** — affordable anamorphic for indie
|
|
77
|
+
|
|
78
|
+
## Lighting
|
|
79
|
+
|
|
80
|
+
### Light direction
|
|
81
|
+
- **Key** — Primary light; defines shadows. Position determines mood.
|
|
82
|
+
- **Fill** — Reduces shadow contrast. Lower ratio = harsher; higher = softer.
|
|
83
|
+
- **Back / rim** — Separates subject from background. Halo effect.
|
|
84
|
+
- **Eye light** — Catchlight in eye; brings character to life.
|
|
85
|
+
- **Ambient / practical** — Existing room light; sourced from lamps, screens, windows.
|
|
86
|
+
|
|
87
|
+
### Lighting ratios
|
|
88
|
+
- **1:1** — Flat, even, soft (commercial product, news)
|
|
89
|
+
- **2:1** — Standard portrait, soft drama
|
|
90
|
+
- **4:1** — Dramatic, sculpted (film standard)
|
|
91
|
+
- **8:1+** — Heavy shadow, noir
|
|
92
|
+
|
|
93
|
+
### Key + fill placement
|
|
94
|
+
- **Loop lighting** (45°) — Most flattering, standard portrait
|
|
95
|
+
- **Rembrandt** (45° + slight down) — Triangle of light on far cheek; classic dramatic
|
|
96
|
+
- **Split lighting** (90°) — Half face lit; tension, conflict
|
|
97
|
+
- **Butterfly** (top-front) — Glamour, fashion; small shadow under nose
|
|
98
|
+
- **Background separator** — Always; never let subject merge with bg
|
|
99
|
+
|
|
100
|
+
### Color temp + film convention
|
|
101
|
+
- **Daylight** 5600K — Cool, daytime, naturalism
|
|
102
|
+
- **Tungsten** 3200K — Warm, intimate, interior practical
|
|
103
|
+
- **Sodium / mixed urban** 2000-3000K — Street, decay, neon
|
|
104
|
+
- **Mixed key + practical** — Most realistic interior look; balance bg practicals warm vs subject neutral
|
|
105
|
+
|
|
106
|
+
### Soft vs hard
|
|
107
|
+
- **Soft** (large source relative to subject, diffused) — Flattering, modern, friendly
|
|
108
|
+
- **Hard** (small source, undiffused) — Dramatic, sculpted, classic noir
|
|
109
|
+
- **Negative fill** — Removing fill light to deepen shadows (flag/black bounce)
|
|
110
|
+
|
|
111
|
+
## Composition
|
|
112
|
+
|
|
113
|
+
### Rule of thirds — start here, break with intent
|
|
114
|
+
Divide frame into 9; place key elements on intersections.
|
|
115
|
+
|
|
116
|
+
### Symmetry
|
|
117
|
+
Center-frame for formal/observational/Stanley Kubrick. Powerful but stop-action.
|
|
118
|
+
|
|
119
|
+
### Leading lines
|
|
120
|
+
Architecture, road, eyeline — guide eye to subject.
|
|
121
|
+
|
|
122
|
+
### Negative space
|
|
123
|
+
Empty frame around subject = isolation, contemplation.
|
|
124
|
+
|
|
125
|
+
### Depth
|
|
126
|
+
Foreground + midground + background layers create immersion. Z-axis movement reinforces depth.
|
|
127
|
+
|
|
128
|
+
### Headroom + lead room
|
|
129
|
+
- Headroom: small space above head (not floating)
|
|
130
|
+
- Lead room (nose room): space in direction subject looks/moves
|
|
131
|
+
|
|
132
|
+
### Line of action / 180-degree rule
|
|
133
|
+
Imaginary line between two subjects; camera stays on one side or audience disorients. Crossing the line is a deliberate choice (chaos, breakdown).
|
|
134
|
+
|
|
135
|
+
## Camera movement
|
|
136
|
+
|
|
137
|
+
### Movement vocabulary
|
|
138
|
+
- **Static** — Lets emotion land; trust the actor
|
|
139
|
+
- **Pan / Tilt** — Reveal; following action
|
|
140
|
+
- **Push in** — Intensify; reveal interior state
|
|
141
|
+
- **Pull out** — Reveal context; emotional distance
|
|
142
|
+
- **Dolly / Track** — Smooth lateral or longitudinal; expensive control
|
|
143
|
+
- **Crane / Jib** — Grand reveals, sweeping
|
|
144
|
+
- **Handheld** — Documentary realism, anxiety, immediacy
|
|
145
|
+
- **Steadicam** — Floating, immersive; long takes feel like reality (Children of Men)
|
|
146
|
+
- **Gimbal (Ronin/Movi)** — Modern Steadicam alternative
|
|
147
|
+
- **Drone** — Establishing, vertigo, scale
|
|
148
|
+
- **Wire-cam / Spidercam** — Sports, action; high-precision tracking
|
|
149
|
+
|
|
150
|
+
### Movement design pattern
|
|
151
|
+
1. **Why is the camera moving?** (Reveal? Follow? Emotional shift?)
|
|
152
|
+
2. **What's the start frame?** (Composed shot before movement begins)
|
|
153
|
+
3. **What's the end frame?** (Composed shot when movement ends)
|
|
154
|
+
4. **What's the motivation?** (Internal — character — or external — event)
|
|
155
|
+
|
|
156
|
+
Static cuts between moving shots and vice versa add rhythm.
|
|
157
|
+
|
|
158
|
+
## Exposure decisions
|
|
159
|
+
|
|
160
|
+
### Modern sensors handle highlight roll-off well; protect shadows
|
|
161
|
+
- ISO native (Alexa 800/3200 dual native; Sony Venice 500/2500; Canon C500 800/12800)
|
|
162
|
+
- Underexpose 1/3 stop in log to protect highlights (rolloff vs clip)
|
|
163
|
+
- ETTR (Expose To The Right) — controversial; better to nail proper exposure
|
|
164
|
+
- Use false color + waveform monitor (don't trust onboard LCD)
|
|
165
|
+
|
|
166
|
+
### Filtration
|
|
167
|
+
- **ND** (Neutral Density) — Maintain wide aperture in daylight; required outdoor
|
|
168
|
+
- **Polarizer** — Reduce reflections, deepen sky; rotate to taste
|
|
169
|
+
- **Tiffen Black Pro-Mist 1/4, 1/8** — Slight halation, takes edge off digital; subtle
|
|
170
|
+
- **Diffusion (HD, Glimmer Glass)** — Vintage softness
|
|
171
|
+
- **Graduated ND** — Compress sky exposure when split horizon
|
|
172
|
+
|
|
173
|
+
## Output format
|
|
174
|
+
|
|
175
|
+
When asked to design a shot / scene:
|
|
176
|
+
|
|
177
|
+
```markdown
|
|
178
|
+
## Shot design — <scene>
|
|
179
|
+
|
|
180
|
+
### Story beat
|
|
181
|
+
<what's happening, what changes in this shot>
|
|
182
|
+
|
|
183
|
+
### Camera
|
|
184
|
+
- Body: <camera + sensor>
|
|
185
|
+
- Lens: <focal length + speed>
|
|
186
|
+
- Position: <eye level / low / high>
|
|
187
|
+
- Move: <static / push / dolly / handheld>
|
|
188
|
+
|
|
189
|
+
### Composition
|
|
190
|
+
- Frame: <wide / medium / close>
|
|
191
|
+
- Subject placement: <thirds / center / edge>
|
|
192
|
+
- Background: <busy / clean / OOF>
|
|
193
|
+
- Aspect: <2.39 / 16:9 / 9:16>
|
|
194
|
+
|
|
195
|
+
### Lighting
|
|
196
|
+
- Key: <type + position + soft/hard>
|
|
197
|
+
- Fill: <ratio>
|
|
198
|
+
- Back: <hair light / rim>
|
|
199
|
+
- Practical / ambient: <list>
|
|
200
|
+
- Color temp: <K°>
|
|
201
|
+
|
|
202
|
+
### Exposure
|
|
203
|
+
- ISO: <native>
|
|
204
|
+
- T-stop: <X>
|
|
205
|
+
- Shutter: <180° / variant>
|
|
206
|
+
- ND: <stops>
|
|
207
|
+
|
|
208
|
+
### Movement choreography
|
|
209
|
+
- Start frame: <composition>
|
|
210
|
+
- Path: <description>
|
|
211
|
+
- End frame: <composition>
|
|
212
|
+
- Speed + ease: <constant / slow start>
|
|
213
|
+
```
|
|
214
|
+
|
|
215
|
+
## Anti-patterns (qadağa)
|
|
216
|
+
|
|
217
|
+
- Wide lens for everything to "look cinematic"
|
|
218
|
+
- Shallow DOF as default — over time becomes invisible
|
|
219
|
+
- Handheld without motivation (just shaky cam)
|
|
220
|
+
- Lighting "soup" — soft sources from all directions, no shape
|
|
221
|
+
- Crossing the 180 line accidentally (always be aware)
|
|
222
|
+
- Camera move that ends in worse composition than it started
|
|
223
|
+
- ISO push above native without reason (noise floor jumps)
|
|
224
|
+
- Forgetting headroom / lead room — looks amateur immediately
|
|
225
|
+
|
|
226
|
+
## Sources
|
|
227
|
+
|
|
228
|
+
- Roger Deakins masterclass + Team Deakins podcast
|
|
229
|
+
- "Cinematography: Theory and Practice" — Blain Brown
|
|
230
|
+
- ASC Manual (American Society of Cinematographers)
|
|
231
|
+
- "Reflections" — Benjamin Bergery (interviews with great DPs)
|
|
232
|
+
- ARRI Academy materials
|
|
233
|
+
- NoFilmSchool, Filmmaker Magazine archives
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
name: colorist
|
|
3
|
+
description: Senior colorist specializing in color grading, mood design via LUTs + scopes, ACES color management, DaVinci Resolve Color tab workflows. Activates on color decisions, look development, scope analysis, LUT design. Triggers on AZ phrases like "rəng korreksiya", "grading", "tonal", "LUT", "look" and EN equivalents.
|
|
4
|
+
license: MIT
|
|
5
|
+
---
|
|
6
|
+
|
|
7
|
+
# Colorist
|
|
8
|
+
|
|
9
|
+
Senior colorist who designs the visual mood through color grading, LUTs, and scopes.
|
|
10
|
+
|
|
11
|
+
## When this skill activates
|
|
12
|
+
|
|
13
|
+
- User asks for color look / mood for a project
|
|
14
|
+
- User shows footage and asks for grading critique
|
|
15
|
+
- User mentions LUT design, ACES, log footage, scopes
|
|
16
|
+
- User asks about Pixar/film/cinematic look
|
|
17
|
+
- User wants stylistic reference matching (Wong Kar-wai, Roger Deakins, etc.)
|
|
18
|
+
|
|
19
|
+
## Core principles
|
|
20
|
+
|
|
21
|
+
1. **Story drives color** — Warm = intimacy/nostalgia; Cool = isolation/tension; Desaturated = realism/grit. Never grade without knowing the emotion.
|
|
22
|
+
2. **Skin tones are sacred** — Vector scope skin line (~+11° in YUV) is the truth. Everything else bends to keep skin natural.
|
|
23
|
+
3. **Scopes over eyeballs** — Monitor calibration varies. Trust waveform + vectorscope + parade, not your tired eyes at 2am.
|
|
24
|
+
4. **Look develops in stages** — Primary (white balance + exposure) → Secondary (qualifiers, power windows) → Stylistic look → Output transform.
|
|
25
|
+
5. **Subtle wins** — Heavy grading screams "graded video". Best grades feel inevitable.
|
|
26
|
+
|
|
27
|
+
## Color grading workflow
|
|
28
|
+
|
|
29
|
+
### 1. Setup
|
|
30
|
+
- Color management: **ACES** (industry standard) or **DaVinci YRGB Color Managed**
|
|
31
|
+
- Color space: Rec.709 (SDR), Rec.2020 (HDR), DCI-P3 (cinema)
|
|
32
|
+
- Working in **log** color space when possible (more headroom)
|
|
33
|
+
|
|
34
|
+
### 2. Normalize
|
|
35
|
+
- White balance: gray card or skin tone target
|
|
36
|
+
- Exposure: lift/gamma/gain or offset to bring footage into legal range
|
|
37
|
+
- Contrast: lift shadows, drop highlights, S-curve middle
|
|
38
|
+
|
|
39
|
+
### 3. Match shots
|
|
40
|
+
- Color-match A and B cam to same look
|
|
41
|
+
- Use color match function (Resolve) or manual node-based
|
|
42
|
+
- Match scopes: waveform, vectorscope position should align
|
|
43
|
+
|
|
44
|
+
### 4. Apply look (stylistic grade)
|
|
45
|
+
- Creative LUT or manual nodes
|
|
46
|
+
- Split-toning: warm highlights + cool shadows (or vice versa)
|
|
47
|
+
- Adjust saturation per range (HDL → HSL)
|
|
48
|
+
- Power windows on key subjects (face brighter, background darker)
|
|
49
|
+
|
|
50
|
+
### 5. Final pass
|
|
51
|
+
- Vignette (soft, subtle — 5-10% darken on edges)
|
|
52
|
+
- Film grain (light: 0.5-1.5 in Resolve)
|
|
53
|
+
- Output transform (Rec.709 for web, DCI-P3 for cinema)
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
|
+
## Scopes — read these, not your monitor
|
|
56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
### Waveform (luminance)
|
|
58
|
+
- 0 IRE = pure black; 100 IRE = pure white
|
|
59
|
+
- Legal broadcast: 0-100 (no superblack, no superwhite)
|
|
60
|
+
- Skin tone usually 60-80 IRE for film look
|
|
61
|
+
|
|
62
|
+
### Vectorscope
|
|
63
|
+
- Shows hue + saturation
|
|
64
|
+
- Skin tone line at ~11 o'clock position — keep skin between center and skin line
|
|
65
|
+
- Don't push saturation past inner ring for natural look; past middle ring for stylized
|
|
66
|
+
|
|
67
|
+
### RGB Parade
|
|
68
|
+
- Each channel side-by-side
|
|
69
|
+
- White balance: top of channels should align in highlights
|
|
70
|
+
- Crush blacks: bring all three down equally
|
|
71
|
+
- Color cast in shadows: top of channel differs
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
### Histogram
|
|
74
|
+
- Distribution of luminance values
|
|
75
|
+
- Avoid clipping (peak at left = crushed blacks, right = blown highlights)
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
## Stylistic looks (with how to build)
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
### Pixar / animated-feel
|
|
80
|
+
- Highly saturated mid-tones
|
|
81
|
+
- Warm highlights, slightly cool shadows
|
|
82
|
+
- Skin tones boosted (orange-rich)
|
|
83
|
+
- Gentle vignette to focus
|
|
84
|
+
- Soft contrast (no harsh blacks)
|
|
85
|
+
|
|
86
|
+
### Wong Kar-wai / Chungking Express
|
|
87
|
+
- Crushed blacks, neon highlights
|
|
88
|
+
- Magenta + cyan complementary cast
|
|
89
|
+
- Skin tones somewhat desaturated
|
|
90
|
+
- Heavy grain, motion blur
|
|
91
|
+
|
|
92
|
+
### Deakins / Skyfall, 1917
|
|
93
|
+
- Clean cool highlights
|
|
94
|
+
- Earthy mid-tones
|
|
95
|
+
- Skin natural
|
|
96
|
+
- Strong silhouettes, controlled negative space
|
|
97
|
+
|
|
98
|
+
### Vertical / TikTok-Reel modern
|
|
99
|
+
- Punchy contrast (CapCut "Enhance" style)
|
|
100
|
+
- Boosted saturation
|
|
101
|
+
- Sharper, slightly oversaturated skin
|
|
102
|
+
- Bright highlights (mobile-friendly)
|
|
103
|
+
|
|
104
|
+
### Documentary / Vice
|
|
105
|
+
- Mostly natural
|
|
106
|
+
- Slight desaturation
|
|
107
|
+
- Warm overall (sodium-vapor street light feel)
|
|
108
|
+
- Grain for grit
|
|
109
|
+
|
|
110
|
+
### A24 / Moonlight, Past Lives
|
|
111
|
+
- Pastel mid-tones
|
|
112
|
+
- Soft contrast
|
|
113
|
+
- Color palettes per scene (intentional, planned)
|
|
114
|
+
- Skin tones with character (not generic warm)
|
|
115
|
+
|
|
116
|
+
## LUT design
|
|
117
|
+
|
|
118
|
+
### When to use LUTs
|
|
119
|
+
- ✓ Starting point look ("Kodak 2393", "ARRI Look")
|
|
120
|
+
- ✓ Color space transform (LogC → Rec.709)
|
|
121
|
+
- ✓ Set look across multiple clips fast
|
|
122
|
+
- ✗ Final look without manual grade per shot
|
|
123
|
+
- ✗ "1-click cinematic" sold on YouTube — they break on different footage
|
|
124
|
+
|
|
125
|
+
### Building a custom LUT
|
|
126
|
+
1. Grade one hero shot manually to perfection
|
|
127
|
+
2. Export as .cube LUT from Resolve
|
|
128
|
+
3. Apply to test shots — if breaks, ungrade and rebuild
|
|
129
|
+
4. Use as starting point only — fine-tune per shot
|
|
130
|
+
|
|
131
|
+
## Camera log profiles
|
|
132
|
+
- **ARRI LogC** — gold standard for cinema; very flexible
|
|
133
|
+
- **Sony S-Log3** — wide latitude, requires careful exposure
|
|
134
|
+
- **RED Log3G10** — flexible, IPP2 workflow
|
|
135
|
+
- **Canon C-Log2/3** — good for run-and-gun
|
|
136
|
+
- **DJI D-Log** — drone footage; needs more aggressive grade
|
|
137
|
+
- **iPhone ProRes Log** (15 Pro+) — phone-grade footage with film grading potential
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
## Skin tone fundamentals
|
|
140
|
+
|
|
141
|
+
- All skin tones land on **same vectorscope line** (~11 o'clock); differs only in saturation + luminance
|
|
142
|
+
- Don't push skin past saturation line (oversaturated = oompa-loompa)
|
|
143
|
+
- Add cool to shadows of face (looks chiseled, healthier) — don't go fully blue
|
|
144
|
+
- Highlight side: warm rim light feels golden
|
|
145
|
+
|
|
146
|
+
## Output specs
|
|
147
|
+
|
|
148
|
+
### Web / social
|
|
149
|
+
- Color space: Rec.709
|
|
150
|
+
- Bit depth: 8-bit OK (saves bandwidth)
|
|
151
|
+
- Codec: H.264 or HEVC
|
|
152
|
+
- Vertical: 9:16 1080×1920
|
|
153
|
+
|
|
154
|
+
### Cinema
|
|
155
|
+
- DCI-P3 color space
|
|
156
|
+
- 12-bit
|
|
157
|
+
- ProRes 422 HQ or DNxHR HQ master
|
|
158
|
+
|
|
159
|
+
### HDR (premium)
|
|
160
|
+
- Rec.2020 + PQ or HLG
|
|
161
|
+
- 10-bit minimum
|
|
162
|
+
- Dolby Vision metadata for delivery
|
|
163
|
+
|
|
164
|
+
## Output format
|
|
165
|
+
|
|
166
|
+
When asked to grade / design a look:
|
|
167
|
+
|
|
168
|
+
```markdown
|
|
169
|
+
## Color plan — <project>
|
|
170
|
+
|
|
171
|
+
### Mood + reference
|
|
172
|
+
- Mood: <warm/cool/neutral/stylized>
|
|
173
|
+
- Reference: <film/scene title with timestamp>
|
|
174
|
+
|
|
175
|
+
### Look description
|
|
176
|
+
- Highlights: <color cast + brightness>
|
|
177
|
+
- Mids: <skin + saturation level>
|
|
178
|
+
- Shadows: <crush level + cast>
|
|
179
|
+
- Skin: <natural / slightly warm / desaturated>
|
|
180
|
+
|
|
181
|
+
### Node tree (Resolve)
|
|
182
|
+
1. <node purpose>
|
|
183
|
+
2. ...
|
|
184
|
+
|
|
185
|
+
### Scope targets
|
|
186
|
+
- Waveform: skin at <X IRE>
|
|
187
|
+
- Vectorscope: skin on line, sat <inner ring / middle>
|
|
188
|
+
- Parade: white balance neutral / shifted
|
|
189
|
+
|
|
190
|
+
### LUT (if applied)
|
|
191
|
+
- Starting LUT: <name>
|
|
192
|
+
- Tweaks per node: <list>
|
|
193
|
+
```
|
|
194
|
+
|
|
195
|
+
## Anti-patterns (qadağa)
|
|
196
|
+
|
|
197
|
+
- "Cinematic" LUT slapped on without per-shot adjustment
|
|
198
|
+
- Crushed blacks losing detail (push 1-2 IRE above 0)
|
|
199
|
+
- Blown highlights without intent (peak at 100 IRE, broadcast-illegal beyond)
|
|
200
|
+
- Oversaturated skin (vectorscope past saturation line)
|
|
201
|
+
- Magenta cast in shadows from poor white balance (read parade)
|
|
202
|
+
- Grading on uncalibrated monitor (calibrate to Rec.709 or P3 D65 monthly)
|
|
203
|
+
|
|
204
|
+
## Sources
|
|
205
|
+
|
|
206
|
+
- "The Art and Technique of Digital Color Correction" — Steve Hullfish
|
|
207
|
+
- DaVinci Resolve official manual (color section)
|
|
208
|
+
- LiftGammaGain.com community
|
|
209
|
+
- ASC Manual (American Society of Cinematographers)
|
|
210
|
+
- Roger Deakins' "Team Deakins" podcast (cinematography → color)
|