@atomicsmash/coding-standards 13.0.0-beta.1 → 13.0.0-beta.3

package/vendor/squizlabs/php_codesniffer/src/Ruleset.php

@@ -0,0 +1,1695 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Stores the rules used to check and fix files.
+ *
+ * A ruleset object directly maps to a ruleset XML file.
+ *
+ * @author    Greg Sherwood <gsherwood@squiz.net>
+ * @copyright 2006-2015 Squiz Pty Ltd (ABN 77 084 670 600)
+ * @license   https://github.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/blob/master/licence.txt BSD Licence
+ */
+
+namespace PHP_CodeSniffer;
+
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Sniffs\DeprecatedSniff;
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Util\Common;
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Util\MessageCollector;
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Util\Standards;
+use RecursiveDirectoryIterator;
+use RecursiveIteratorIterator;
+use ReflectionClass;
+use stdClass;
+
+class Ruleset
+{
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the coding standard being used.
+     *
+     * If a top-level standard includes other standards, or sniffs
+     * from other standards, only the name of the top-level standard
+     * will be stored in here.
+     *
+     * If multiple top-level standards are being loaded into
+     * a single ruleset object, this will store a comma separated list
+     * of the top-level standard names.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    public $name = '';
+
+    /**
+     * A list of file paths for the ruleset files being used.
+     *
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    public $paths = [];
+
+    /**
+     * A list of regular expressions used to ignore specific sniffs for files and folders.
+     *
+     * Is also used to set global exclude patterns.
+     * The key is the regular expression and the value is the type
+     * of ignore pattern (absolute or relative).
+     *
+     * @var array<string, array>
+     */
+    public $ignorePatterns = [];
+
+    /**
+     * A list of regular expressions used to include specific sniffs for files and folders.
+     *
+     * The key is the sniff code and the value is an array with
+     * the key being a regular expression and the value is the type
+     * of ignore pattern (absolute or relative).
+     *
+     * @var array<string, array<string, string>>
+     */
+    public $includePatterns = [];
+
+    /**
+     * An array of sniff objects that are being used to check files.
+     *
+     * The key is the fully qualified name of the sniff class
+     * and the value is the sniff object.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, \PHP_CodeSniffer\Sniffs\Sniff>
+     */
+    public $sniffs = [];
+
+    /**
+     * A mapping of sniff codes to fully qualified class names.
+     *
+     * The key is the sniff code and the value
+     * is the fully qualified name of the sniff class.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    public $sniffCodes = [];
+
+    /**
+     * An array of token types and the sniffs that are listening for them.
+     *
+     * The key is the token name being listened for and the value
+     * is the sniff object.
+     *
+     * @var array<int, array<string, array<string, mixed>>>
+     */
+    public $tokenListeners = [];
+
+    /**
+     * An array of rules from the ruleset.xml file.
+     *
+     * It may be empty, indicating that the ruleset does not override
+     * any of the default sniff settings.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    public $ruleset = [];
+
+    /**
+     * The directories that the processed rulesets are in.
+     *
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected $rulesetDirs = [];
+
+    /**
+     * The config data for the run.
+     *
+     * @var \PHP_CodeSniffer\Config
+     */
+    private $config = null;
+
+    /**
+     * An array of the names of sniffs which have been marked as deprecated.
+     *
+     * The key is the sniff code and the value
+     * is the fully qualified name of the sniff class.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    private $deprecatedSniffs = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Message collector object.
+     *
+     * User-facing messages should be collected via this object for display once the ruleset processing has finished.
+     *
+     * The following type of errors should *NOT* be collected, but should still throw their own `RuntimeException`:
+     * - Errors which could cause other (uncollectable) errors further into the ruleset processing, like a missing autoload file.
+     * - Errors which are directly aimed at and only intended for sniff developers or integrators
+     *   (in contrast to ruleset maintainers or end-users).
+     *
+     * @var \PHP_CodeSniffer\Util\MessageCollector
+     */
+    private $msgCache;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Initialise the ruleset that the run will use.
+     *
+     * @param \PHP_CodeSniffer\Config $config The config data for the run.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException If blocking errors were encountered when processing the ruleset.
+     */
+    public function __construct(Config $config)
+    {
+        $this->config   = $config;
+        $restrictions   = $config->sniffs;
+        $exclusions     = $config->exclude;
+        $sniffs         = [];
+        $this->msgCache = new MessageCollector();
+
+        $standardPaths = [];
+        foreach ($config->standards as $standard) {
+            $installed = Standards::getInstalledStandardPath($standard);
+            if ($installed === null) {
+                $standard = Common::realpath($standard);
+                if (is_dir($standard) === true
+                    && is_file(Common::realpath($standard.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml')) === true
+                ) {
+                    $standard = Common::realpath($standard.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml');
+                }
+            } else {
+                $standard = $installed;
+            }
+
+            $standardPaths[] = $standard;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($standardPaths as $standard) {
+            $ruleset = @simplexml_load_string(file_get_contents($standard));
+            if ($ruleset !== false) {
+                $standardName = (string) $ruleset['name'];
+                if ($this->name !== '') {
+                    $this->name .= ', ';
+                }
+
+                $this->name .= $standardName;
+
+                // Allow autoloading of custom files inside this standard.
+                if (isset($ruleset['namespace']) === true) {
+                    $namespace = (string) $ruleset['namespace'];
+                } else {
+                    $namespace = basename(dirname($standard));
+                }
+
+                Autoload::addSearchPath(dirname($standard), $namespace);
+            }
+
+            if (defined('PHP_CODESNIFFER_IN_TESTS') === true && empty($restrictions) === false) {
+                // In unit tests, only register the sniffs that the test wants and not the entire standard.
+                foreach ($restrictions as $restriction) {
+                    $sniffs = array_merge($sniffs, $this->expandRulesetReference($restriction, dirname($standard)));
+                }
+
+                if (empty($sniffs) === true) {
+                    // Sniff reference could not be expanded, which probably means this
+                    // is an installed standard. Let the unit test system take care of
+                    // setting the correct sniff for testing.
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY === 1) {
+                echo "Registering sniffs in the $standardName standard... ";
+                if (count($config->standards) > 1 || PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 2) {
+                    echo PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $sniffs = array_merge($sniffs, $this->processRuleset($standard));
+        }//end foreach
+
+        // Ignore sniff restrictions if caching is on.
+        if ($config->cache === true) {
+            $restrictions = [];
+            $exclusions   = [];
+        }
+
+        $sniffRestrictions = [];
+        foreach ($restrictions as $sniffCode) {
+            $parts     = explode('.', strtolower($sniffCode));
+            $sniffName = $parts[0].'\sniffs\\'.$parts[1].'\\'.$parts[2].'sniff';
+            $sniffRestrictions[$sniffName] = true;
+        }
+
+        $sniffExclusions = [];
+        foreach ($exclusions as $sniffCode) {
+            $parts     = explode('.', strtolower($sniffCode));
+            $sniffName = $parts[0].'\sniffs\\'.$parts[1].'\\'.$parts[2].'sniff';
+            $sniffExclusions[$sniffName] = true;
+        }
+
+        $this->registerSniffs($sniffs, $sniffRestrictions, $sniffExclusions);
+        $this->populateTokenListeners();
+
+        $numSniffs = count($this->sniffs);
+        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY === 1) {
+            echo "DONE ($numSniffs sniffs registered)".PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
+        if ($numSniffs === 0) {
+            $this->msgCache->add('No sniffs were registered.', MessageCollector::ERROR);
+        }
+
+        $this->displayCachedMessages();
+
+    }//end __construct()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Prints a report showing the sniffs contained in a standard.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function explain()
+    {
+        $sniffs = array_keys($this->sniffCodes);
+        sort($sniffs, (SORT_NATURAL | SORT_FLAG_CASE));
+
+        $sniffCount = count($sniffs);
+
+        // Add a dummy entry to the end so we loop one last time
+        // and echo out the collected info about the last standard.
+        $sniffs[] = '';
+
+        $summaryLine = PHP_EOL."The $this->name standard contains 1 sniff".PHP_EOL;
+        if ($sniffCount !== 1) {
+            $summaryLine = str_replace('1 sniff', "$sniffCount sniffs", $summaryLine);
+        }
+
+        echo $summaryLine;
+
+        $lastStandard     = null;
+        $lastCount        = 0;
+        $sniffsInStandard = [];
+
+        foreach ($sniffs as $i => $sniff) {
+            if ($i === $sniffCount) {
+                $currentStandard = null;
+            } else {
+                $currentStandard = substr($sniff, 0, strpos($sniff, '.'));
+                if ($lastStandard === null) {
+                    $lastStandard = $currentStandard;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Reached the first item in the next standard.
+            // Echo out the info collected from the previous standard.
+            if ($currentStandard !== $lastStandard) {
+                $subTitle = $lastStandard.' ('.$lastCount.' sniff';
+                if ($lastCount > 1) {
+                    $subTitle .= 's';
+                }
+
+                $subTitle .= ')';
+
+                echo PHP_EOL.$subTitle.PHP_EOL;
+                echo str_repeat('-', strlen($subTitle)).PHP_EOL;
+                echo '  '.implode(PHP_EOL.'  ', $sniffsInStandard).PHP_EOL;
+
+                $lastStandard     = $currentStandard;
+                $lastCount        = 0;
+                $sniffsInStandard = [];
+
+                if ($currentStandard === null) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }//end if
+
+            if (isset($this->deprecatedSniffs[$sniff]) === true) {
+                $sniff .= ' *';
+            }
+
+            $sniffsInStandard[] = $sniff;
+            ++$lastCount;
+        }//end foreach
+
+        if (count($this->deprecatedSniffs) > 0) {
+            echo PHP_EOL.'* Sniffs marked with an asterix are deprecated.'.PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
+    }//end explain()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether any deprecated sniffs were registered via the ruleset.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function hasSniffDeprecations()
+    {
+        return (count($this->deprecatedSniffs) > 0);
+
+    }//end hasSniffDeprecations()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Prints an information block about deprecated sniffs being used.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException When the interface implementation is faulty.
+     */
+    public function showSniffDeprecations()
+    {
+        if ($this->hasSniffDeprecations() === false) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Don't show deprecation notices in quiet mode, in explain mode
+        // or when the documentation is being shown.
+        // Documentation and explain will mark a sniff as deprecated natively
+        // and also call the Ruleset multiple times which would lead to duplicate
+        // display of the deprecation messages.
+        if ($this->config->quiet === true
+            || $this->config->explain === true
+            || $this->config->generator !== null
+        ) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $reportWidth = $this->config->reportWidth;
+        // Message takes report width minus the leading dash + two spaces, minus a one space gutter at the end.
+        $maxMessageWidth = ($reportWidth - 4);
+        $maxActualWidth  = 0;
+
+        ksort($this->deprecatedSniffs, (SORT_NATURAL | SORT_FLAG_CASE));
+
+        $messages        = [];
+        $messageTemplate = 'This sniff has been deprecated since %s and will be removed in %s. %s';
+        $errorTemplate   = 'ERROR: The %s::%s() method must return a %sstring, received %s';
+
+        foreach ($this->deprecatedSniffs as $sniffCode => $className) {
+            if (isset($this->sniffs[$className]) === false) {
+                // Should only be possible in test situations, but some extra defensive coding is never a bad thing.
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Verify the interface was implemented correctly.
+            // Unfortunately can't be safeguarded via type declarations yet.
+            $deprecatedSince = $this->sniffs[$className]->getDeprecationVersion();
+            if (is_string($deprecatedSince) === false) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                    sprintf($errorTemplate, $className, 'getDeprecationVersion', 'non-empty ', gettype($deprecatedSince))
+                );
+            }
+
+            if ($deprecatedSince === '') {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                    sprintf($errorTemplate, $className, 'getDeprecationVersion', 'non-empty ', '""')
+                );
+            }
+
+            $removedIn = $this->sniffs[$className]->getRemovalVersion();
+            if (is_string($removedIn) === false) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                    sprintf($errorTemplate, $className, 'getRemovalVersion', 'non-empty ', gettype($removedIn))
+                );
+            }
+
+            if ($removedIn === '') {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                    sprintf($errorTemplate, $className, 'getRemovalVersion', 'non-empty ', '""')
+                );
+            }
+
+            $customMessage = $this->sniffs[$className]->getDeprecationMessage();
+            if (is_string($customMessage) === false) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                    sprintf($errorTemplate, $className, 'getDeprecationMessage', '', gettype($customMessage))
+                );
+            }
+
+            // Truncate the error code if there is not enough report width.
+            if (strlen($sniffCode) > $maxMessageWidth) {
+                $sniffCode = substr($sniffCode, 0, ($maxMessageWidth - 3)).'...';
+            }
+
+            $message        = '-  '."\033[36m".$sniffCode."\033[0m".PHP_EOL;
+            $maxActualWidth = max($maxActualWidth, strlen($sniffCode));
+
+            // Normalize new line characters in custom message.
+            $customMessage = preg_replace('`\R`', PHP_EOL, $customMessage);
+
+            $notice         = trim(sprintf($messageTemplate, $deprecatedSince, $removedIn, $customMessage));
+            $maxActualWidth = max($maxActualWidth, min(strlen($notice), $maxMessageWidth));
+            $wrapped        = wordwrap($notice, $maxMessageWidth, PHP_EOL);
+            $message       .= '   '.implode(PHP_EOL.'   ', explode(PHP_EOL, $wrapped));
+
+            $messages[] = $message;
+        }//end foreach
+
+        if (count($messages) === 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $summaryLine = "WARNING: The $this->name standard uses 1 deprecated sniff";
+        $sniffCount  = count($messages);
+        if ($sniffCount !== 1) {
+            $summaryLine = str_replace('1 deprecated sniff', "$sniffCount deprecated sniffs", $summaryLine);
+        }
+
+        $maxActualWidth = max($maxActualWidth, min(strlen($summaryLine), $maxMessageWidth));
+
+        $summaryLine = wordwrap($summaryLine, $reportWidth, PHP_EOL);
+        if ($this->config->colors === true) {
+            echo "\033[33m".$summaryLine."\033[0m".PHP_EOL;
+        } else {
+            echo $summaryLine.PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
+        $messages = implode(PHP_EOL, $messages);
+        if ($this->config->colors === false) {
+            $messages = Common::stripColors($messages);
+        }
+
+        echo str_repeat('-', min(($maxActualWidth + 4), $reportWidth)).PHP_EOL;
+        echo $messages;
+
+        $closer = wordwrap('Deprecated sniffs are still run, but will stop working at some point in the future.', $reportWidth, PHP_EOL);
+        echo PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL.$closer.PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;
+
+    }//end showSniffDeprecations()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Print any notices encountered while processing the ruleset(s).
+     *
+     * Note: these messages aren't shown at the time they are encountered to avoid "one error hiding behind another".
+     * This way the (end-)user gets to see all of them in one go.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException If blocking errors were encountered.
+     */
+    private function displayCachedMessages()
+    {
+        // Don't show deprecations/notices/warnings in quiet mode, in explain mode
+        // or when the documentation is being shown.
+        // Documentation and explain will call the Ruleset multiple times which
+        // would lead to duplicate display of the messages.
+        if ($this->msgCache->containsBlockingErrors() === false
+            && ($this->config->quiet === true
+            || $this->config->explain === true
+            || $this->config->generator !== null)
+        ) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $this->msgCache->display();
+
+    }//end displayCachedMessages()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Processes a single ruleset and returns a list of the sniffs it represents.
+     *
+     * Rules founds within the ruleset are processed immediately, but sniff classes
+     * are not registered by this method.
+     *
+     * @param string $rulesetPath The path to a ruleset XML file.
+     * @param int    $depth       How many nested processing steps we are in. This
+     *                            is only used for debug output.
+     *
+     * @return string[]
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException - If the ruleset path is invalid.
+     *                                                      - If a specified autoload file could not be found.
+     */
+    public function processRuleset($rulesetPath, $depth=0)
+    {
+        $rulesetPath = Common::realpath($rulesetPath);
+        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+            echo 'Processing ruleset '.Common::stripBasepath($rulesetPath, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
+        libxml_use_internal_errors(true);
+        $ruleset = simplexml_load_string(file_get_contents($rulesetPath));
+        if ($ruleset === false) {
+            $errorMsg = "ERROR: Ruleset $rulesetPath is not valid".PHP_EOL;
+            $errors   = libxml_get_errors();
+            foreach ($errors as $error) {
+                $errorMsg .= '- On line '.$error->line.', column '.$error->column.': '.$error->message;
+            }
+
+            libxml_clear_errors();
+            throw new RuntimeException($errorMsg);
+        }
+
+        libxml_use_internal_errors(false);
+
+        $ownSniffs      = [];
+        $includedSniffs = [];
+        $excludedSniffs = [];
+
+        $this->paths[]       = $rulesetPath;
+        $rulesetDir          = dirname($rulesetPath);
+        $this->rulesetDirs[] = $rulesetDir;
+
+        $sniffDir = $rulesetDir.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'Sniffs';
+        if (is_dir($sniffDir) === true) {
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\tAdding sniff files from ".Common::stripBasepath($sniffDir, $this->config->basepath).' directory'.PHP_EOL;
+            }
+
+            $ownSniffs = $this->expandSniffDirectory($sniffDir, $depth);
+        }
+
+        // Include custom autoloaders.
+        foreach ($ruleset->{'autoload'} as $autoload) {
+            if ($this->shouldProcessElement($autoload) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $autoloadPath = (string) $autoload;
+
+            // Try relative autoload paths first.
+            $relativePath = Common::realPath(dirname($rulesetPath).DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$autoloadPath);
+
+            if ($relativePath !== false && is_file($relativePath) === true) {
+                $autoloadPath = $relativePath;
+            } else if (is_file($autoloadPath) === false) {
+                throw new RuntimeException('ERROR: The specified autoload file "'.$autoload.'" does not exist');
+            }
+
+            include_once $autoloadPath;
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t=> included autoloader $autoloadPath".PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }//end foreach
+
+        // Process custom sniff config settings.
+        foreach ($ruleset->{'config'} as $config) {
+            if ($this->shouldProcessElement($config) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            Config::setConfigData((string) $config['name'], (string) $config['value'], true);
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t=> set config value ".(string) $config['name'].': '.(string) $config['value'].PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($ruleset->rule as $rule) {
+            if (isset($rule['ref']) === false
+                || $this->shouldProcessElement($rule) === false
+            ) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\tProcessing rule \"".$rule['ref'].'"'.PHP_EOL;
+            }
+
+            $expandedSniffs = $this->expandRulesetReference((string) $rule['ref'], $rulesetDir, $depth);
+            $newSniffs      = array_diff($expandedSniffs, $includedSniffs);
+            $includedSniffs = array_merge($includedSniffs, $expandedSniffs);
+
+            $parts = explode('.', $rule['ref']);
+            if (count($parts) === 4
+                && $parts[0] !== ''
+                && $parts[1] !== ''
+                && $parts[2] !== ''
+            ) {
+                $sniffCode = $parts[0].'.'.$parts[1].'.'.$parts[2];
+                if (isset($this->ruleset[$sniffCode]['severity']) === true
+                    && $this->ruleset[$sniffCode]['severity'] === 0
+                ) {
+                    // This sniff code has already been turned off, but now
+                    // it is being explicitly included again, so turn it back on.
+                    $this->ruleset[(string) $rule['ref']]['severity'] = 5;
+                    if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                        echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                        echo "\t\t* disabling sniff exclusion for specific message code *".PHP_EOL;
+                        echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                        echo "\t\t=> severity set to 5".PHP_EOL;
+                    }
+                } else if (empty($newSniffs) === false) {
+                    $newSniff = $newSniffs[0];
+                    if (in_array($newSniff, $ownSniffs, true) === false) {
+                        // Including a sniff that hasn't been included higher up, but
+                        // only including a single message from it. So turn off all messages in
+                        // the sniff, except this one.
+                        $this->ruleset[$sniffCode]['severity']            = 0;
+                        $this->ruleset[(string) $rule['ref']]['severity'] = 5;
+                        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                            echo "\t\tExcluding sniff \"".$sniffCode.'" except for "'.$parts[3].'"'.PHP_EOL;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }//end if
+            }//end if
+
+            if (isset($rule->exclude) === true) {
+                foreach ($rule->exclude as $exclude) {
+                    if (isset($exclude['name']) === false) {
+                        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                            echo "\t\t* ignoring empty exclude rule *".PHP_EOL;
+                            echo "\t\t\t=> ".$exclude->asXML().PHP_EOL;
+                        }
+
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if ($this->shouldProcessElement($exclude) === false) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                        echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                        echo "\t\tExcluding rule \"".$exclude['name'].'"'.PHP_EOL;
+                    }
+
+                    // Check if a single code is being excluded, which is a shortcut
+                    // for setting the severity of the message to 0.
+                    $parts = explode('.', $exclude['name']);
+                    if (count($parts) === 4) {
+                        $this->ruleset[(string) $exclude['name']]['severity'] = 0;
+                        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                            echo "\t\t=> severity set to 0".PHP_EOL;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $excludedSniffs = array_merge(
+                            $excludedSniffs,
+                            $this->expandRulesetReference((string) $exclude['name'], $rulesetDir, ($depth + 1))
+                        );
+                    }
+                }//end foreach
+            }//end if
+
+            $this->processRule($rule, $newSniffs, $depth);
+        }//end foreach
+
+        // Process custom command line arguments.
+        $cliArgs = [];
+        foreach ($ruleset->{'arg'} as $arg) {
+            if ($this->shouldProcessElement($arg) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (isset($arg['name']) === true) {
+                $argString = '--'.(string) $arg['name'];
+                if (isset($arg['value']) === true) {
+                    $argString .= '='.(string) $arg['value'];
+                }
+            } else {
+                $argString = '-'.(string) $arg['value'];
+            }
+
+            $cliArgs[] = $argString;
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t=> set command line value $argString".PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }//end foreach
+
+        // Set custom php ini values as CLI args.
+        foreach ($ruleset->{'ini'} as $arg) {
+            if ($this->shouldProcessElement($arg) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (isset($arg['name']) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $name      = (string) $arg['name'];
+            $argString = $name;
+            if (isset($arg['value']) === true) {
+                $value      = (string) $arg['value'];
+                $argString .= "=$value";
+            } else {
+                $value = 'true';
+            }
+
+            $cliArgs[] = '-d';
+            $cliArgs[] = $argString;
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t=> set PHP ini value $name to $value".PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }//end foreach
+
+        if (empty($this->config->files) === true) {
+            // Process hard-coded file paths.
+            foreach ($ruleset->{'file'} as $file) {
+                $file      = (string) $file;
+                $cliArgs[] = $file;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t=> added \"$file\" to the file list".PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (empty($cliArgs) === false) {
+            // Change the directory so all relative paths are worked
+            // out based on the location of the ruleset instead of
+            // the location of the user.
+            $inPhar = Common::isPharFile($rulesetDir);
+            if ($inPhar === false) {
+                $currentDir = getcwd();
+                chdir($rulesetDir);
+            }
+
+            $this->config->setCommandLineValues($cliArgs);
+
+            if ($inPhar === false) {
+                chdir($currentDir);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Process custom ignore pattern rules.
+        foreach ($ruleset->{'exclude-pattern'} as $pattern) {
+            if ($this->shouldProcessElement($pattern) === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (isset($pattern['type']) === false) {
+                $pattern['type'] = 'absolute';
+            }
+
+            $this->ignorePatterns[(string) $pattern] = (string) $pattern['type'];
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t=> added global ".(string) $pattern['type'].' ignore pattern: '.(string) $pattern.PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }
+
+        $includedSniffs = array_unique(array_merge($ownSniffs, $includedSniffs));
+        $excludedSniffs = array_unique($excludedSniffs);
+
+        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+            $included = count($includedSniffs);
+            $excluded = count($excludedSniffs);
+            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+            echo "=> Ruleset processing complete; included $included sniffs and excluded $excluded".PHP_EOL;
+        }
+
+        // Merge our own sniff list with our externally included
+        // sniff list, but filter out any excluded sniffs.
+        $files = [];
+        foreach ($includedSniffs as $sniff) {
+            if (in_array($sniff, $excludedSniffs, true) === true) {
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                $files[] = Common::realpath($sniff);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $files;
+
+    }//end processRuleset()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Expands a directory into a list of sniff files within.
+     *
+     * @param string $directory The path to a directory.
+     * @param int    $depth     How many nested processing steps we are in. This
+     *                          is only used for debug output.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    private function expandSniffDirectory($directory, $depth=0)
+    {
+        $sniffs = [];
+
+        $rdi = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($directory, RecursiveDirectoryIterator::FOLLOW_SYMLINKS);
+        $di  = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($rdi, 0, RecursiveIteratorIterator::CATCH_GET_CHILD);
+
+        $dirLen = strlen($directory);
+
+        foreach ($di as $file) {
+            $filename = $file->getFilename();
+
+            // Skip hidden files.
+            if (substr($filename, 0, 1) === '.') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // We are only interested in PHP and sniff files.
+            $fileParts = explode('.', $filename);
+            if (array_pop($fileParts) !== 'php') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $basename = basename($filename, '.php');
+            if (substr($basename, -5) !== 'Sniff') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $path = $file->getPathname();
+
+            // Skip files in hidden directories within the Sniffs directory of this
+            // standard. We use the offset with strpos() to allow hidden directories
+            // before, valid example:
+            // /home/foo/.composer/vendor/squiz/custom_tool/MyStandard/Sniffs/...
+            if (strpos($path, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.', $dirLen) !== false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t\t=> ".Common::stripBasepath($path, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+            }
+
+            $sniffs[] = $path;
+        }//end foreach
+
+        return $sniffs;
+
+    }//end expandSniffDirectory()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Expands a ruleset reference into a list of sniff files.
+     *
+     * @param string $ref        The reference from the ruleset XML file.
+     * @param string $rulesetDir The directory of the ruleset XML file, used to
+     *                           evaluate relative paths.
+     * @param int    $depth      How many nested processing steps we are in. This
+     *                           is only used for debug output.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException If the reference is invalid.
+     */
+    private function expandRulesetReference($ref, $rulesetDir, $depth=0)
+    {
+        // Ignore internal sniffs codes as they are used to only
+        // hide and change internal messages.
+        if (substr($ref, 0, 9) === 'Internal.') {
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                echo "\t\t* ignoring internal sniff code *".PHP_EOL;
+            }
+
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        // As sniffs can't begin with a full stop, assume references in
+        // this format are relative paths and attempt to convert them
+        // to absolute paths. If this fails, let the reference run through
+        // the normal checks and have it fail as normal.
+        if (substr($ref, 0, 1) === '.') {
+            $realpath = Common::realpath($rulesetDir.'/'.$ref);
+            if ($realpath !== false) {
+                $ref = $realpath;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> ".Common::stripBasepath($ref, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // As sniffs can't begin with a tilde, assume references in
+        // this format are relative to the user's home directory.
+        if (substr($ref, 0, 2) === '~/') {
+            $realpath = Common::realpath($ref);
+            if ($realpath !== false) {
+                $ref = $realpath;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> ".Common::stripBasepath($ref, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (is_file($ref) === true) {
+            if (substr($ref, -9) === 'Sniff.php') {
+                // A single external sniff.
+                $this->rulesetDirs[] = dirname(dirname(dirname($ref)));
+                return [$ref];
+            }
+        } else {
+            // See if this is a whole standard being referenced.
+            $path = Standards::getInstalledStandardPath($ref);
+            if ($path !== null && Common::isPharFile($path) === true && strpos($path, 'ruleset.xml') === false) {
+                // If the ruleset exists inside the phar file, use it.
+                if (file_exists($path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml') === true) {
+                    $path .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml';
+                } else {
+                    $path = null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if ($path !== null) {
+                $ref = $path;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> ".Common::stripBasepath($ref, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            } else if (is_dir($ref) === false) {
+                // Work out the sniff path.
+                $sepPos = strpos($ref, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+                if ($sepPos !== false) {
+                    $stdName = substr($ref, 0, $sepPos);
+                    $path    = substr($ref, $sepPos);
+                } else {
+                    $parts   = explode('.', $ref);
+                    $stdName = $parts[0];
+                    if (count($parts) === 1) {
+                        // A whole standard?
+                        $path = '';
+                    } else if (count($parts) === 2) {
+                        // A directory of sniffs?
+                        $path = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'Sniffs'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$parts[1];
+                    } else {
+                        // A single sniff?
+                        $path = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'Sniffs'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$parts[1].DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$parts[2].'Sniff.php';
+                    }
+                }
+
+                $newRef  = false;
+                $stdPath = Standards::getInstalledStandardPath($stdName);
+                if ($stdPath !== null && $path !== '') {
+                    if (Common::isPharFile($stdPath) === true
+                        && strpos($stdPath, 'ruleset.xml') === false
+                    ) {
+                        // Phar files can only return the directory,
+                        // since ruleset can be omitted if building one standard.
+                        $newRef = Common::realpath($stdPath.$path);
+                    } else {
+                        $newRef = Common::realpath(dirname($stdPath).$path);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if ($newRef === false) {
+                    // The sniff is not locally installed, so check if it is being
+                    // referenced as a remote sniff outside the install. We do this
+                    // by looking through all directories where we have found ruleset
+                    // files before, looking for ones for this particular standard,
+                    // and seeing if it is in there.
+                    foreach ($this->rulesetDirs as $dir) {
+                        if (strtolower(basename($dir)) !== strtolower($stdName)) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        $newRef = Common::realpath($dir.$path);
+
+                        if ($newRef !== false) {
+                            $ref = $newRef;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $ref = $newRef;
+                }
+
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> ".Common::stripBasepath($ref, $this->config->basepath).PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }//end if
+        }//end if
+
+        if (is_dir($ref) === true) {
+            if (is_file($ref.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml') === true) {
+                // We are referencing an external coding standard.
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t* rule is referencing a standard using directory name; processing *".PHP_EOL;
+                }
+
+                return $this->processRuleset($ref.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'ruleset.xml', ($depth + 2));
+            } else {
+                // We are referencing a whole directory of sniffs.
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t* rule is referencing a directory of sniffs *".PHP_EOL;
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\tAdding sniff files from directory".PHP_EOL;
+                }
+
+                return $this->expandSniffDirectory($ref, ($depth + 1));
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (is_file($ref) === false) {
+                $this->msgCache->add("Referenced sniff \"$ref\" does not exist.", MessageCollector::ERROR);
+                return [];
+            }
+
+            if (substr($ref, -9) === 'Sniff.php') {
+                // A single sniff.
+                return [$ref];
+            } else {
+                // Assume an external ruleset.xml file.
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t* rule is referencing a standard using ruleset path; processing *".PHP_EOL;
+                }
+
+                return $this->processRuleset($ref, ($depth + 2));
+            }
+        }//end if
+
+    }//end expandRulesetReference()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Processes a rule from a ruleset XML file, overriding built-in defaults.
+     *
+     * @param \SimpleXMLElement $rule      The rule object from a ruleset XML file.
+     * @param string[]          $newSniffs An array of sniffs that got included by this rule.
+     * @param int               $depth     How many nested processing steps we are in.
+     *                                     This is only used for debug output.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException If rule settings are invalid.
+     */
+    private function processRule($rule, $newSniffs, $depth=0)
+    {
+        $ref  = (string) $rule['ref'];
+        $todo = [$ref];
+
+        $parts      = explode('.', $ref);
+        $partsCount = count($parts);
+        if ($partsCount <= 2
+            || $partsCount > count(array_filter($parts))
+            || in_array($ref, $newSniffs) === true
+        ) {
+            // We are processing a standard, a category of sniffs or a relative path inclusion.
+            foreach ($newSniffs as $sniffFile) {
+                $parts = explode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $sniffFile);
+                if (count($parts) === 1 && DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR === '\\') {
+                    // Path using forward slashes while running on Windows.
+                    $parts = explode('/', $sniffFile);
+                }
+
+                $sniffName     = array_pop($parts);
+                $sniffCategory = array_pop($parts);
+                array_pop($parts);
+                $sniffStandard = array_pop($parts);
+                $todo[]        = $sniffStandard.'.'.$sniffCategory.'.'.substr($sniffName, 0, -9);
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($todo as $code) {
+            // Custom severity.
+            if (isset($rule->severity) === true
+                && $this->shouldProcessElement($rule->severity) === true
+            ) {
+                if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
+                    $this->ruleset[$code] = [];
+                }
+
+                $this->ruleset[$code]['severity'] = (int) $rule->severity;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> severity set to ".(int) $rule->severity;
+                    if ($code !== $ref) {
+                        echo " for $code";
+                    }
+
+                    echo PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Custom message type.
+            if (isset($rule->type) === true
+                && $this->shouldProcessElement($rule->type) === true
+            ) {
+                if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
+                    $this->ruleset[$code] = [];
+                }
+
+                $type = strtolower((string) $rule->type);
+                if ($type !== 'error' && $type !== 'warning') {
+                    $message = "Message type \"$type\" for \"$code\" is invalid; must be \"error\" or \"warning\".";
+                    $this->msgCache->add($message, MessageCollector::ERROR);
+                } else {
+                    $this->ruleset[$code]['type'] = $type;
+                    if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                        echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                        echo "\t\t=> message type set to ".(string) $rule->type;
+                        if ($code !== $ref) {
+                            echo " for $code";
+                        }
+
+                        echo PHP_EOL;
+                    }
+                }
+            }//end if
+
+            // Custom message.
+            if (isset($rule->message) === true
+                && $this->shouldProcessElement($rule->message) === true
+            ) {
+                if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
+                    $this->ruleset[$code] = [];
+                }
+
+                $this->ruleset[$code]['message'] = (string) $rule->message;
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> message set to ".(string) $rule->message;
+                    if ($code !== $ref) {
+                        echo " for $code";
+                    }
+
+                    echo PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Custom properties.
+            if (isset($rule->properties) === true
+                && $this->shouldProcessElement($rule->properties) === true
+            ) {
+                $propertyScope = 'standard';
+                if ($code === $ref || substr($ref, -9) === 'Sniff.php') {
+                    $propertyScope = 'sniff';
+                }
+
+                foreach ($rule->properties->property as $prop) {
+                    if ($this->shouldProcessElement($prop) === false) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]) === false) {
+                        $this->ruleset[$code] = [
+                            'properties' => [],
+                        ];
+                    } else if (isset($this->ruleset[$code]['properties']) === false) {
+                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'] = [];
+                    }
+
+                    $name = (string) $prop['name'];
+                    if (isset($prop['type']) === true
+                        && (string) $prop['type'] === 'array'
+                    ) {
+                        $values = [];
+                        if (isset($prop['extend']) === true
+                            && (string) $prop['extend'] === 'true'
+                            && isset($this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name]['value']) === true
+                        ) {
+                            $values = $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name]['value'];
+                        }
+
+                        if (isset($prop->element) === true) {
+                            $printValue = '';
+                            foreach ($prop->element as $element) {
+                                if ($this->shouldProcessElement($element) === false) {
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+
+                                $value = (string) $element['value'];
+                                if (isset($element['key']) === true) {
+                                    $key          = (string) $element['key'];
+                                    $values[$key] = $value;
+                                    $printValue  .= $key.'=>'.$value.',';
+                                } else {
+                                    $values[]    = $value;
+                                    $printValue .= $value.',';
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            $printValue = rtrim($printValue, ',');
+                        } else {
+                            $value      = (string) $prop['value'];
+                            $printValue = $value;
+                            if ($value !== '') {
+                                foreach (explode(',', $value) as $val) {
+                                    list($k, $v) = explode('=>', $val.'=>');
+                                    if ($v !== '') {
+                                        $values[trim($k)] = trim($v);
+                                    } else {
+                                        $values[] = trim($k);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }//end if
+
+                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name] = [
+                            'value' => $values,
+                            'scope' => $propertyScope,
+                        ];
+                        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                            echo "\t\t=> array property \"$name\" set to \"$printValue\"";
+                            if ($code !== $ref) {
+                                echo " for $code";
+                            }
+
+                            echo PHP_EOL;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $this->ruleset[$code]['properties'][$name] = [
+                            'value' => (string) $prop['value'],
+                            'scope' => $propertyScope,
+                        ];
+                        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                            echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                            echo "\t\t=> property \"$name\" set to \"".(string) $prop['value'].'"';
+                            if ($code !== $ref) {
+                                echo " for $code";
+                            }
+
+                            echo PHP_EOL;
+                        }
+                    }//end if
+                }//end foreach
+            }//end if
+
+            // Ignore patterns.
+            foreach ($rule->{'exclude-pattern'} as $pattern) {
+                if ($this->shouldProcessElement($pattern) === false) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (isset($this->ignorePatterns[$code]) === false) {
+                    $this->ignorePatterns[$code] = [];
+                }
+
+                if (isset($pattern['type']) === false) {
+                    $pattern['type'] = 'absolute';
+                }
+
+                $this->ignorePatterns[$code][(string) $pattern] = (string) $pattern['type'];
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> added rule-specific ".(string) $pattern['type'].' ignore pattern';
+                    if ($code !== $ref) {
+                        echo " for $code";
+                    }
+
+                    echo ': '.(string) $pattern.PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }//end foreach
+
+            // Include patterns.
+            foreach ($rule->{'include-pattern'} as $pattern) {
+                if ($this->shouldProcessElement($pattern) === false) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (isset($this->includePatterns[$code]) === false) {
+                    $this->includePatterns[$code] = [];
+                }
+
+                if (isset($pattern['type']) === false) {
+                    $pattern['type'] = 'absolute';
+                }
+
+                $this->includePatterns[$code][(string) $pattern] = (string) $pattern['type'];
+                if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 1) {
+                    echo str_repeat("\t", $depth);
+                    echo "\t\t=> added rule-specific ".(string) $pattern['type'].' include pattern';
+                    if ($code !== $ref) {
+                        echo " for $code";
+                    }
+
+                    echo ': '.(string) $pattern.PHP_EOL;
+                }
+            }//end foreach
+        }//end foreach
+
+    }//end processRule()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Determine if an element should be processed or ignored.
+     *
+     * @param \SimpleXMLElement $element An object from a ruleset XML file.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    private function shouldProcessElement($element)
+    {
+        if (isset($element['phpcbf-only']) === false
+            && isset($element['phpcs-only']) === false
+        ) {
+            // No exceptions are being made.
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_CBF === true
+            && isset($element['phpcbf-only']) === true
+            && (string) $element['phpcbf-only'] === 'true'
+        ) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_CBF === false
+            && isset($element['phpcs-only']) === true
+            && (string) $element['phpcs-only'] === 'true'
+        ) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+
+    }//end shouldProcessElement()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Loads and stores sniffs objects used for sniffing files.
+     *
+     * @param array $files        Paths to the sniff files to register.
+     * @param array $restrictions The sniff class names to restrict the allowed
+     *                            listeners to.
+     * @param array $exclusions   The sniff class names to exclude from the
+     *                            listeners list.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function registerSniffs($files, $restrictions, $exclusions)
+    {
+        $listeners = [];
+
+        foreach ($files as $file) {
+            // Work out where the position of /StandardName/Sniffs/... is
+            // so we can determine what the class will be called.
+            $sniffPos = strrpos($file, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'Sniffs'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+            if ($sniffPos === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $slashPos = strrpos(substr($file, 0, $sniffPos), DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+            if ($slashPos === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $className   = Autoload::loadFile($file);
+            $compareName = Common::cleanSniffClass($className);
+
+            // If they have specified a list of sniffs to restrict to, check
+            // to see if this sniff is allowed.
+            if (empty($restrictions) === false
+                && isset($restrictions[$compareName]) === false
+            ) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // If they have specified a list of sniffs to exclude, check
+            // to see if this sniff is allowed.
+            if (empty($exclusions) === false
+                && isset($exclusions[$compareName]) === true
+            ) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Skip abstract classes.
+            $reflection = new ReflectionClass($className);
+            if ($reflection->isAbstract() === true) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if ($reflection->implementsInterface('PHP_CodeSniffer\Sniffs\Sniff') === false) {
+                // Skip classes which don't implement the register() or process() methods.
+                if (method_exists($className, 'register') === false
+                    || method_exists($className, 'process') === false
+                ) {
+                    $errorMsg = 'Sniff class %s is missing required method %s().';
+                    if (method_exists($className, 'register') === false) {
+                        $this->msgCache->add(sprintf($errorMsg, $className, 'register'), MessageCollector::ERROR);
+                    }
+
+                    if (method_exists($className, 'process') === false) {
+                        $this->msgCache->add(sprintf($errorMsg, $className, 'process'), MessageCollector::ERROR);
+                    }
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }//end if
+
+            $listeners[$className] = $className;
+
+            if (PHP_CODESNIFFER_VERBOSITY > 2) {
+                echo "Registered $className".PHP_EOL;
+            }
+        }//end foreach
+
+        $this->sniffs = $listeners;
+
+    }//end registerSniffs()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Populates the array of PHP_CodeSniffer_Sniff objects for this file.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException If sniff registration fails.
+     */
+    public function populateTokenListeners()
+    {
+        // Construct a list of listeners indexed by token being listened for.
+        $this->tokenListeners = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->sniffs as $sniffClass => $sniffObject) {
+            $this->sniffs[$sniffClass] = null;
+            $this->sniffs[$sniffClass] = new $sniffClass();
+
+            $sniffCode = Common::getSniffCode($sniffClass);
+            $this->sniffCodes[$sniffCode] = $sniffClass;
+
+            if ($this->sniffs[$sniffClass] instanceof DeprecatedSniff) {
+                $this->deprecatedSniffs[$sniffCode] = $sniffClass;
+            }
+
+            // Set custom properties.
+            if (isset($this->ruleset[$sniffCode]['properties']) === true) {
+                foreach ($this->ruleset[$sniffCode]['properties'] as $name => $settings) {
+                    $this->setSniffProperty($sniffClass, $name, $settings);
+                }
+            }
+
+            $tokenizers = [];
+            $vars       = get_class_vars($sniffClass);
+            if (isset($vars['supportedTokenizers']) === true) {
+                foreach ($vars['supportedTokenizers'] as $tokenizer) {
+                    $tokenizers[$tokenizer] = $tokenizer;
+                }
+            } else {
+                $tokenizers = ['PHP' => 'PHP'];
+            }
+
+            $tokens = $this->sniffs[$sniffClass]->register();
+            if (is_array($tokens) === false) {
+                $msg = "The sniff {$sniffClass}::register() method must return an array.";
+                $this->msgCache->add($msg, MessageCollector::ERROR);
+
+                // Unregister the sniff.
+                unset($this->sniffs[$sniffClass], $this->sniffCodes[$sniffCode], $this->deprecatedSniffs[$sniffCode]);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $ignorePatterns = [];
+            $patterns       = $this->getIgnorePatterns($sniffCode);
+            foreach ($patterns as $pattern => $type) {
+                $replacements = [
+                    '\\,' => ',',
+                    '*'   => '.*',
+                ];
+
+                $ignorePatterns[] = strtr($pattern, $replacements);
+            }
+
+            $includePatterns = [];
+            $patterns        = $this->getIncludePatterns($sniffCode);
+            foreach ($patterns as $pattern => $type) {
+                $replacements = [
+                    '\\,' => ',',
+                    '*'   => '.*',
+                ];
+
+                $includePatterns[] = strtr($pattern, $replacements);
+            }
+
+            foreach ($tokens as $token) {
+                if (isset($this->tokenListeners[$token]) === false) {
+                    $this->tokenListeners[$token] = [];
+                }
+
+                if (isset($this->tokenListeners[$token][$sniffClass]) === false) {
+                    $this->tokenListeners[$token][$sniffClass] = [
+                        'class'      => $sniffClass,
+                        'source'     => $sniffCode,
+                        'tokenizers' => $tokenizers,
+                        'ignore'     => $ignorePatterns,
+                        'include'    => $includePatterns,
+                    ];
+                }
+            }
+        }//end foreach
+
+    }//end populateTokenListeners()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Set a single property for a sniff.
+     *
+     * @param string $sniffClass The class name of the sniff.
+     * @param string $name       The name of the property to change.
+     * @param array  $settings   Array with the new value of the property and the scope of the property being set.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws \PHP_CodeSniffer\Exceptions\RuntimeException When attempting to set a non-existent property on a sniff
+     *                                                      which doesn't declare the property or explicitly supports
+     *                                                      dynamic properties.
+     */
+    public function setSniffProperty($sniffClass, $name, $settings)
+    {
+        // Setting a property for a sniff we are not using.
+        if (isset($this->sniffs[$sniffClass]) === false) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $name         = trim($name);
+        $propertyName = $name;
+        if (substr($propertyName, -2) === '[]') {
+            $propertyName = substr($propertyName, 0, -2);
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * BC-compatibility layer for $settings using the pre-PHPCS 3.8.0 format.
+         *
+         * Prior to PHPCS 3.8.0, `$settings` was expected to only contain the new _value_
+         * for the property (which could be an array).
+         * Since PHPCS 3.8.0, `$settings` is expected to be an array with two keys: 'scope'
+         * and 'value', where 'scope' indicates whether the property should be set to the given 'value'
+         * for one individual sniff or for all sniffs in a standard.
+         *
+         * This BC-layer is only for integrations with PHPCS which may call this method directly
+         * and will be removed in PHPCS 4.0.0.
+         */
+
+        if (is_array($settings) === false
+            || isset($settings['scope'], $settings['value']) === false
+        ) {
+            // This will be an "old" format value.
+            $settings = [
+                'value' => $settings,
+                'scope' => 'standard',
+            ];
+
+            trigger_error(
+                __FUNCTION__.': the format of the $settings parameter has changed from (mixed) $value to array(\'scope\' => \'sniff|standard\', \'value\' => $value). Please update your integration code. See PR #3629 for more information.',
+                E_USER_DEPRECATED
+            );
+        }
+
+        $isSettable  = false;
+        $sniffObject = $this->sniffs[$sniffClass];
+        if (property_exists($sniffObject, $propertyName) === true
+            || ($sniffObject instanceof stdClass) === true
+            || method_exists($sniffObject, '__set') === true
+        ) {
+            $isSettable = true;
+        }
+
+        if ($isSettable === false) {
+            if ($settings['scope'] === 'sniff') {
+                $notice  = "Property \"$propertyName\" does not exist on sniff ";
+                $notice .= array_search($sniffClass, $this->sniffCodes, true).'.';
+                $this->msgCache->add($notice, MessageCollector::ERROR);
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $value = $settings['value'];
+
+        if (is_string($value) === true) {
+            $value = trim($value);
+        }
+
+        if ($value === '') {
+            $value = null;
+        }
+
+        // Special case for booleans.
+        if ($value === 'true') {
+            $value = true;
+        } else if ($value === 'false') {
+            $value = false;
+        } else if (substr($name, -2) === '[]') {
+            $name   = $propertyName;
+            $values = [];
+            if ($value !== null) {
+                foreach (explode(',', $value) as $val) {
+                    list($k, $v) = explode('=>', $val.'=>');
+                    if ($v !== '') {
+                        $values[trim($k)] = trim($v);
+                    } else {
+                        $values[] = trim($k);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            $value = $values;
+        }
+
+        $sniffObject->$name = $value;
+
+    }//end setSniffProperty()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the array of ignore patterns.
+     *
+     * Optionally takes a listener to get ignore patterns specified
+     * for that sniff only.
+     *
+     * @param string $listener The listener to get patterns for. If NULL, all
+     *                         patterns are returned.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function getIgnorePatterns($listener=null)
+    {
+        if ($listener === null) {
+            return $this->ignorePatterns;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->ignorePatterns[$listener]) === true) {
+            return $this->ignorePatterns[$listener];
+        }
+
+        return [];
+
+    }//end getIgnorePatterns()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the array of include patterns.
+     *
+     * Optionally takes a listener to get include patterns specified
+     * for that sniff only.
+     *
+     * @param string $listener The listener to get patterns for. If NULL, all
+     *                         patterns are returned.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function getIncludePatterns($listener=null)
+    {
+        if ($listener === null) {
+            return $this->includePatterns;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->includePatterns[$listener]) === true) {
+            return $this->includePatterns[$listener];
+        }
+
+        return [];
+
+    }//end getIncludePatterns()
+
+
+}//end class