@aotter/mantle 0.2.0-alpha.6 → 0.2.0-alpha.8

package/docs/examples/purchasing/manifests/purchasing.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+# Internal purchase requests: employees submit, admins approve or reject, approval spends a department budget.
+# requestStatus: submitted -> approved -> ordered -> confirmed, or submitted -> rejected.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Schema
+metadata: { name: budgets }
+spec:
+  title: Budgets
+  lifecycle: operational
+  uniqueIndexes: [[department]]
+  # An approval that would overspend fails this check and the whole approval rolls back.
+  checks: ["remaining >= 0"]
+  uiSchema: { list: { primaryField: department, columns: [remaining] } }
+  schema:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [department, remaining]
+    properties:
+      department: { type: string }
+      remaining: { type: integer }
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Schema
+metadata: { name: requests }
+spec:
+  title: Purchase requests
+  lifecycle: operational
+  indexes: [[authorId, createdAt, id], [requestStatus, createdAt, id]]
+  # Sidebar: in the Approvals group (src/admin.tsx), after the queue of requests waiting for a decision.
+  uiSchema: { list: { primaryField: title, columns: [department, amount, requestStatus], filterField: requestStatus }, nav: { group: approvals, order: 2 } }
+  schema:
+    type: object
+    # Admin reads requests but cannot edit them generically: a generic edit could move requestStatus back to
+    # 'submitted' and spend the budget twice. Every change goes through the guarded Procedures below.
+    readOnly: true
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [title, amount, department, requestStatus]
+    properties:
+      title: { type: string, minLength: 1 }
+      amount: { type: integer, minimum: 1 }
+      department: { type: string }
+      requestStatus: { type: string, enum: [submitted, approved, rejected, ordered, confirmed] }
+      supplierOrderId: { type: string }
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Schema
+metadata: { name: ledger }
+spec:
+  title: Budget ledger
+  lifecycle: operational
+  indexes: [[createdAt, id]]
+  uiSchema: { list: { primaryField: department, columns: [amount, remainingAfter, requestId] } }
+  schema:
+    type: object
+    readOnly: true # written only by approve-request-write
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [requestId, department, amount, remainingAfter]
+    properties:
+      requestId: { type: string }
+      department: { type: string }
+      amount: { type: integer }
+      remainingAfter: { type: integer }
+---
+# Employees see only the requests they submitted.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: View
+metadata: { name: my-requests }
+spec:
+  surface: public
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.user] } }
+  restrict: { requests: "author_id = auth.uid()" }
+  sql: |
+    SELECT id, title, amount, department, requestStatus AS "requestStatus", version
+    FROM requests ORDER BY created_at DESC, id DESC
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: View
+metadata: { name: pending-requests }
+spec:
+  title: Pending purchase requests
+  surface: admin
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  uiSchema: { nav: { group: approvals, order: 1 } }
+  sql: |
+    SELECT id, title, amount, department, version
+    FROM requests WHERE requestStatus = 'submitted' ORDER BY created_at, id
+---
+# The daily reminder reads this from src/schedule.ts; no route or tool exposes it.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: View
+metadata: { name: stale-requests }
+spec:
+  surface: internal
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [before]
+    properties:
+      before: { type: string, format: date-time }
+  sql: |
+    SELECT id, title, amount, department FROM requests
+    WHERE requestStatus = 'submitted' AND created_at < input.before
+    ORDER BY created_at, id LIMIT 100
+---
+# Approved but not yet ordered (the supplier call failed): the cron retries these.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: View
+metadata: { name: approved-requests }
+spec:
+  surface: internal
+  sql: |
+    SELECT id, title, amount FROM requests WHERE requestStatus = 'approved'
+    ORDER BY created_at, id LIMIT 20
+---
+# Selecting from budgets refuses a department that has no budget, so approval always has a budget row to deduct.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: submit-request }
+spec:
+  title: Submit a purchase request
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.user] } }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [title, amount, department]
+    properties:
+      title: { type: string, minLength: 1 }
+      amount: { type: integer, minimum: 1 }
+      department: { type: string }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      INSERT INTO requests (title, amount, department, requestStatus)
+      SELECT input.title, input.amount, b.department, 'submitted' FROM budgets b WHERE b.department = input.department
+      RETURNING id, version
+---
+# The requester may change the amount while the request is still 'submitted'. The version moves on, so an admin
+# approving the version they reviewed before the change gets a 409 and looks again.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: change-amount }
+spec:
+  title: Change the amount of my request
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.user] } }
+  restrict: { requests: "author_id = auth.uid()" }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, expectedVersion, amount]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      expectedVersion: { type: integer }
+      amount: { type: integer, minimum: 1 }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      UPDATE requests SET amount = input.amount
+      WHERE id = input.id AND version = input.expectedVersion AND requestStatus = 'submitted'
+      RETURNING id, version
+---
+# Admin-only. The ref handler runs the write below, then places the supplier order and emails the requester.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: approve-request }
+spec:
+  title: Approve a purchase request
+  description: Approve a submitted request; deducts the department budget, records a ledger row and places the supplier order.
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  target: { schema: requests, id: id, version: expectedVersion }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, expectedVersion]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      expectedVersion: { type: integer }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler: { ref: approve-request }
+---
+# One program, one transaction. Statement 1 is the guarded transition: a stale version or a request that is no longer
+# 'submitted' matches 0 rows -> CONFLICT (409). Statement 2 fails remaining >= 0 when over budget. Either failure rolls
+# back all three statements.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: approve-request-write }
+spec:
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, expectedVersion]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      expectedVersion: { type: integer }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      UPDATE requests SET requestStatus = 'approved'
+      WHERE id = input.id AND version = input.expectedVersion AND requestStatus = 'submitted'
+      RETURNING id, title, amount, author_id AS "authorId";
+      UPDATE budgets SET remaining = remaining - (SELECT r.amount FROM requests r WHERE r.id = input.id)
+      WHERE department = (SELECT r.department FROM requests r WHERE r.id = input.id);
+      INSERT INTO ledger (requestId, department, amount, remainingAfter)
+      SELECT r.id, r.department, r.amount, b.remaining FROM requests r JOIN budgets b ON b.department = r.department
+      WHERE r.id = input.id
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: reject-request }
+spec:
+  title: Reject a purchase request
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  target: { schema: requests, id: id, version: expectedVersion }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, expectedVersion]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      expectedVersion: { type: integer }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler: { ref: reject-request }
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: reject-request-write }
+spec:
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, expectedVersion]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      expectedVersion: { type: integer }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      UPDATE requests SET requestStatus = 'rejected'
+      WHERE id = input.id AND version = input.expectedVersion AND requestStatus = 'submitted'
+      RETURNING id, title, author_id AS "authorId"
+---
+# Called after the supplier accepted the order: by the approve handler (admin caller) and by the cron retry (system
+# caller). System callers satisfy no `requires` predicate, so it has none; no Trigger exposes it.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: mark-ordered }
+spec:
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, supplierOrderId]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      supplierOrderId: { type: string }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      UPDATE requests SET requestStatus = 'ordered', supplierOrderId = input.supplierOrderId
+      WHERE id = input.id AND requestStatus = 'approved'
+      RETURNING id
+---
+# Called only by POST /callbacks/supplier (src/routes.ts) as a system caller after the signature checks out.
+# The callback can arrive before mark-ordered ran, so 'approved' is accepted too.
+# No Trigger exposes it; system callers satisfy no `requires` predicate, so it has none.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: confirm-order }
+spec:
+  input:
+    type: object
+    additionalProperties: false
+    required: [id, supplierOrderId]
+    properties:
+      id: { type: string }
+      supplierOrderId: { type: string }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      UPDATE requests SET requestStatus = 'confirmed', supplierOrderId = input.supplierOrderId
+      WHERE id = input.id AND (
+        (requestStatus = 'ordered' AND supplierOrderId = input.supplierOrderId)
+        OR requestStatus = 'approved')
+      RETURNING id
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Trigger
+metadata: { name: submit-request-http }
+spec:
+  source: { kind: http, method: POST, path: /api/requests }
+  target: { procedure: submit-request }
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Trigger
+metadata: { name: change-amount-http }
+spec:
+  source: { kind: http, method: POST, path: '/api/requests/{id}/amount' }
+  target: { procedure: change-amount }
+---
+# Admin MCP tools: an AI agent connected to /mcp/admin can approve or reject.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Trigger
+metadata: { name: approve-request-mcp }
+spec:
+  source: { kind: mcp, surface: admin }
+  target: { procedure: approve-request }
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Trigger
+metadata: { name: reject-request-mcp }
+spec:
+  source: { kind: mcp, surface: admin }
+  target: { procedure: reject-request }
+---
+# Admins open a department's budget from the Budgets list header (operational collections have no generic create);
+# adjusting `remaining` later is an ordinary Admin edit.
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Procedure
+metadata: { name: open-budget }
+spec:
+  title: Open a budget
+  description: Give a department a purchasing budget.
+  requires: { auth: { all: [ctx.admin] } }
+  uiSchema: { collectionAction: budgets }
+  input:
+    type: object
+    required: [department, remaining]
+    additionalProperties: false
+    properties:
+      department: { type: string, minLength: 1, maxLength: 100, title: Department }
+      remaining: { type: integer, minimum: 0, title: Budget }
+  output: { type: object }
+  handler:
+    sql: |
+      INSERT INTO budgets (department, remaining) VALUES (input.department, input.remaining) RETURNING id
+---
+apiVersion: cms.mantle.aotter.net/v2
+kind: Trigger
+metadata: { name: open-budget-admin }
+spec:
+  source: { kind: mcp, surface: admin }
+  target: { procedure: open-budget }

package/docs/examples/purchasing/seed.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+-- Department budgets (whole currency units). Admins edit them in Admin > Budgets.
+INSERT INTO budgets (id, created_at, updated_at, department, remaining) VALUES
+  ('budget-engineering', 1767225600000000, 1767225600000000, 'Engineering', 5000),
+  ('budget-design', 1767225600000000, 1767225600000000, 'Design', 1000);

package/docs/examples/purchasing/smoke.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+// Purchase requests end to end: submit, guarded transitions, admin-only approve/reject (Admin + admin MCP),
+// optimistic concurrency, one-transaction approval with a budget check, supplier order + signed callback, emails, cron.
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { createHmac } from "node:crypto";
+import { createServer } from "node:http";
+import { assertMcpDiscovery, smoke } from "./smoke-kit.mjs";
+import { developerConsole } from "./generated/admin-descriptors.ts";
+
+const SECRET = "local-supplier-secret", DAILY = "0 9 * * *", DAY_US = 86_400 * 1_000_000;
+
+// A stand-in supplier API: accepts an order and answers with its order id, or 503 while `supplierDown`.
+const received = [];
+let supplierDown = false;
+const supplier = createServer((request, response) => {
+  let body = "";
+  request.on("data", chunk => { body += chunk; });
+  request.on("end", () => {
+    if (supplierDown) return response.writeHead(503).end();
+    received.push({ ...JSON.parse(body), idempotencyKey: request.headers["idempotency-key"] });
+    response.writeHead(200, { "content-type": "application/json" }).end(JSON.stringify({ orderId: `SUP-${received.length}` }));
+  });
+});
+await new Promise(resolve => supplier.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", resolve));
+
+try {
+  await smoke(async ({ origin, owner, call, mcp, signIn, sql, cron, waitForLog, step, logs }) => {
+    const query = sql;
+    const row = async id => (await query(`SELECT requeststatus AS status, version, supplierorderid AS "supplierOrderId" FROM requests WHERE id = '${id}'`))[0];
+    const statusAndOrder = async id => { const { status, supplierOrderId } = await row(id); return { status, supplierOrderId }; };
+    const remaining = async department => (await query(`SELECT remaining FROM budgets WHERE department = '${department}'`))[0].remaining;
+    const ledgerRows = () => query("SELECT requestid AS \"requestId\", amount, remainingafter AS \"remainingAfter\" FROM ledger");
+    const operation = (cookie, name, body) => call("POST", `/admin/api/operations/${name}`, { cookie, body });
+    const signed = (payload, secret = SECRET) => {
+      const body = JSON.stringify(payload), timestamp = String(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000));
+      const signature = createHmac("sha256", secret).update(`${timestamp}.${body}`).digest("hex");
+      return call("POST", "/callbacks/supplier", { body, headers: { "x-supplier-timestamp": timestamp, "x-supplier-signature": signature } });
+    };
+
+    const admin = await signIn(owner), alice = await signIn("alice@example.test"), bob = await signIn("bob@example.test");
+    const carol = await signIn("carol@example.test");
+    await query(`UPDATE "user" SET role = 'admin' WHERE email = 'carol@example.test'`);
+    assert.equal((await call("GET", "/admin/api/me", { cookie: carol })).status, 200);
+
+    const submit = async (cookie, title, amount, department) => {
+      const response = await call("POST", "/api/requests", { cookie, body: { title, amount, department } });
+      assert.equal(response.status, 200, JSON.stringify(response.body));
+      return response.body.results[0][0]?.id;
+    };
+    assert.equal((await call("POST", "/api/requests", { body: { title: "Pens", amount: 5, department: "Design" } })).status, 401);
+    const laptop = await submit(alice, "Laptop", 1200, "Engineering");
+    const monitors = await submit(alice, "Monitors", 1500, "Design");
+    const chairs = await submit(alice, "Chairs", 300, "Design");
+    const desk = await submit(bob, "Desk", 400, "Engineering");
+    const projector = await submit(bob, "Projector", 600, "Engineering");
+    assert.equal(await submit(bob, "Rocket", 10, "Space"), undefined);
+    assert.equal((await query("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM requests"))[0].n, 5);
+    const mine = (await call("GET", "/api/views/my-requests", { cookie: alice })).body.rows;
+    assert.deepEqual(mine.map(r => r.title).sort(), ["Chairs", "Laptop", "Monitors"]);
+    assert.deepEqual((await call("GET", "/api/views/my-requests", { cookie: bob })).body.rows.map(r => r.title).sort(), ["Desk", "Projector"]);
+    step("employees submit requests (unknown department creates nothing) and see only their own");
+
+    // fetch follows the 303, so an anonymous visitor ends on the sign-in page.
+    assert.match((await call("GET", "/requests")).body, /<h1>Sign in<\/h1>/);
+    assert.match((await call("GET", "/sign-in?return=%2Frequests")).body, /sign-in\/email-otp/);
+    const page = (await call("GET", "/requests", { cookie: bob })).body;
+    assert.match(page, /Projector/); assert.doesNotMatch(page, /Laptop/); assert.match(page, /<option>Design<\/option>/);
+    // Writes go through the REST Trigger the page's form names, never through the page itself.
+    assert.match(page, /<form action="\/api\/requests" method="post"/);
+    assert.equal((await call("POST", "/requests", { cookie: bob })).status, 404);
+    assert.equal((await call("POST", "/api/requests", { cookie: bob, body: { title: "Pens", amount: 0, department: "Design" } })).status, 400);
+    step("the /requests page sends anonymous visitors to /sign-in, lists only the employee's own requests and submits to the REST Trigger");
+
+    assert.equal((await operation(admin, "open-budget", { department: "Marketing", remaining: 500 })).status, 200);
+    assert.equal((await operation(admin, "open-budget", { department: "Design", remaining: 1 })).status, 409);
+    assert.equal(await remaining("Marketing"), 500);
+    assert.equal((await operation(alice, "open-budget", { department: "Ops", remaining: 1 })).status, 403);
+    step("admins open a department budget from the Budgets list header (open-budget; a second one for the same department is 409); employees cannot");
+
+    const version = async id => (await row(id)).version;
+    assert.equal((await operation(alice, "approve-request", { id: laptop, expectedVersion: await version(laptop) })).status, 403);
+    // Generated static metadata uses the MCP tool names; the app chooses the surface and test identity.
+    const declared = developerConsole.interfaces.callable;
+    const publicTools = await assertMcpDiscovery(`${origin}/mcp`, { headers: { cookie: alice, origin }, tools: declared.filter(tool => tool.surface === "public") });
+    assert.ok(!publicTools.includes("approve_request") && !publicTools.includes("reject_request"), publicTools.join());
+    const adminTools = await assertMcpDiscovery(`${origin}/mcp/admin`, { headers: { cookie: admin, origin }, tools: declared.filter(tool => tool.surface === "admin") });
+    // Denial is separate from successful initialized discovery.
+    assert.equal((await mcp("/mcp/admin")).status, 401);
+    assert.equal((await mcp("/mcp/admin", alice)).status, 403);
+    assert.ok(adminTools.includes("approve_request") && adminTools.includes("reject_request"), adminTools.join());
+    for (const hidden of ["confirm_order", "mark_ordered", "approve_request_write", "reject_request_write"])
+      assert.ok(!adminTools.includes(hidden) && !publicTools.includes(hidden), hidden);
+    step("approve/reject are admin-only: an employee gets 403 in Admin and the tools exist only on /mcp/admin");
+
+    const rejected = await mcp("/mcp/admin", admin, "reject_request", { id: chairs, expectedVersion: await version(chairs) });
+    assert.equal(rejected.body.result.isError, undefined, JSON.stringify(rejected.body));
+    assert.equal((await row(chairs)).status, "rejected");
+    await waitForLog(/purchasing\.rejected → alice@example\.test[\s\S]*?Rejected: Chairs/);
+    const guarded = await operation(admin, "approve-request", { id: chairs, expectedVersion: await version(chairs) });
+    assert.equal(guarded.status, 409, JSON.stringify(guarded.body));
+    assert.equal((await row(chairs)).status, "rejected");
+    step("admin MCP rejects (requester emailed); approving it with its current version is 409: WHERE requestStatus = 'submitted' matched 0 rows");
+
+    const overBudget = await operation(admin, "approve-request", { id: monitors, expectedVersion: await version(monitors) });
+    assert.equal(overBudget.status, 409, JSON.stringify(overBudget.body));
+    assert.match(overBudget.body.error.message, /budget cannot cover/);
+    assert.equal((await row(monitors)).status, "submitted");
+    assert.equal(await remaining("Design"), 1000);
+    assert.equal((await ledgerRows()).length, 0);
+    step("over budget: remaining >= 0 fails statement 2, so the status change and ledger insert roll back too");
+
+    const seen = await version(monitors); // the version the admin reviewed
+    const generic = await call("PATCH", `/admin/api/entries/${monitors}?collection=requests`, { cookie: admin, body: { expectedVersion: seen, data: { requestStatus: "approved" } } });
+    assert.ok(generic.status >= 400 && generic.status < 500, JSON.stringify(generic.body));
+    assert.deepEqual([(await row(monitors)).status, await version(monitors)], ["submitted", seen]);
+    const changeAmount = (cookie, expectedVersion) => call("POST", `/api/requests/${monitors}/amount`, { cookie, body: { expectedVersion, amount: 900 } });
+    assert.equal((await changeAmount(bob, seen)).status, 409);
+    const changed = await changeAmount(alice, seen);
+    assert.equal(changed.status, 200, JSON.stringify(changed.body));
+    assert.equal((await changeAmount(alice, seen)).status, 409);
+    const stale = await operation(admin, "approve-request", { id: monitors, expectedVersion: seen });
+    assert.equal(stale.status, 409, JSON.stringify(stale.body));
+    assert.equal((await row(monitors)).status, "submitted");
+    assert.equal(await remaining("Design"), 1000);
+    step("Admin cannot edit requests generically; once the requester changes the amount, approving the reviewed version is 409");
+
+    const lock = (await call("GET", "/api/views/my-requests", { cookie: alice })).body.rows.find(r => r.id === laptop).version;
+    const race = await Promise.all([admin, carol].map(cookie => operation(cookie, "approve-request", { id: laptop, expectedVersion: lock })));
+    assert.deepEqual(race.map(r => r.status).sort(), [200, 409], JSON.stringify(race.map(r => r.body)));
+    assert.equal(await remaining("Engineering"), 3800);
+    assert.deepEqual(await ledgerRows(), [{ requestId: laptop, amount: 1200, remainingAfter: 3800 }]);
+    step("two admins approve the same version at once: one 200, one 409; the budget and ledger change once");
+
+    assert.deepEqual(received, [{ reference: laptop, item: "Laptop", amount: 1200, idempotencyKey: laptop }]);
+    assert.deepEqual(await row(laptop), { status: "ordered", version: lock + 2, supplierOrderId: "SUP-1" });
+    await waitForLog(/purchasing\.approved → alice@example\.test[\s\S]*?Approved: Laptop/);
+    step("approval places the supplier order (status 'ordered') and emails the requester");
+
+    supplierDown = true;
+    const viaAi = await mcp("/mcp/admin", admin, "approve_request", { id: desk, expectedVersion: await version(desk) });
+    assert.equal(viaAi.body.result.isError, undefined, JSON.stringify(viaAi.body));
+    assert.equal((await operation(carol, "approve-request", { id: projector, expectedVersion: await version(projector) })).status, 200);
+    assert.deepEqual([(await row(desk)).status, (await row(projector)).status], ["approved", "approved"]);
+    assert.equal(await remaining("Engineering"), 2800);
+    await waitForLog(/purchasing\.approved → bob@example\.test[\s\S]*?Approved: Desk/);
+    step("the admin MCP tool approves too; with the supplier down, approvals still commit and stay 'approved'");
+
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: laptop, orderId: "SUP-1" }, "wrong-secret")).status, 401);
+    const tampered = await call("POST", "/callbacks/supplier", { body: JSON.stringify({ reference: laptop, orderId: "SUP-1" }),
+      headers: { "x-supplier-timestamp": String(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)), "x-supplier-signature": "0".repeat(64) } });
+    assert.equal(tampered.status, 401);
+    assert.equal((await row(laptop)).status, "ordered");
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: laptop, orderId: "SUP-9" })).status, 409);
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: laptop, orderId: "SUP-1" })).status, 204);
+    assert.equal((await row(laptop)).status, "confirmed");
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: laptop, orderId: "SUP-1" })).status, 204);
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: monitors, orderId: "SUP-1" })).status, 409);
+    // The callback can beat mark-ordered: an 'approved' request is confirmed and keeps the supplier's order id.
+    assert.equal((await signed({ reference: desk, orderId: "SUP-EARLY" })).status, 204);
+    assert.deepEqual(await statusAndOrder(desk), { status: "confirmed", supplierOrderId: "SUP-EARLY" });
+    step("supplier callback: bad signatures are 401 with no change; a signed one confirms (also before 'ordered'); a replay is 204; a wrong order id or a submitted request is 409");
+
+    const late = await submit(bob, "Whiteboard", 150, "Engineering");
+    await query(`UPDATE requests SET created_at = created_at - ${4 * DAY_US} WHERE id = '${late}'`);
+    const before = logs().length;
+    supplierDown = false;
+    assert.equal(await cron(DAILY), 200);
+    for (const to of [owner, "carol@example.test"])
+      await waitForLog(new RegExp(`purchasing\\.reminder → ${to.replace(/[.+]/g, "\\$&")}[\\s\\S]*?Whiteboard`));
+    const reminder = logs().slice(before);
+    assert.ok(!reminder.includes("Monitors"), "a request submitted today is not in the reminder");
+    assert.deepEqual(received.map(order => order.reference), [laptop, projector]);
+    assert.deepEqual(await statusAndOrder(projector), { status: "ordered", supplierOrderId: "SUP-2" });
+    step("daily cron retries the failed supplier order (system caller) and emails every admin about requests pending more than 3 days, and only those");
+  }, { vars: { EMPLOYEE_DOMAIN: "example.test", SUPPLIER_API_URL: `http://127.0.0.1:${supplier.address().port}/orders`, SUPPLIER_WEBHOOK_SECRET: SECRET } });
+} finally {
+  supplier.close();
+}

package/docs/examples/purchasing/src/admin.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { defineAdmin } from "@aotter/mantle-admin/app";
+import { admin } from "../generated/admin-client.js";
+
+/**
+ * The Admin entry, built by `mantle bundle`. The approver's daily work gets its own sidebar group above Admin's
+ * built-in ones (content 10, operations 20, reports 30; More stays last); manifests place `pending-requests` and
+ * `requests` in it with `uiSchema.nav`. `tsc` refuses a manifest group left undeclared here.
+ * AGENT: add groups for how the staff work; titles take one string or a { locale: text } map.
+ */
+export default defineAdmin(admin, {
+  nav: { groups: { approvals: { title: { en: "Approvals", "zh-TW": "簽核" }, order: 5 } } },
+  pages: [{ path: "guide", title: "Approver guide", element: <p>Approve a request when the amount fits the budget; reject it with a reason otherwise.</p>, nav: { group: "approvals", order: 9 } }],
+});

package/docs/examples/purchasing/src/handlers.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { ContractError } from "@aotter/mantle/contracts";
+import type { Handlers } from "../generated/generated.js";
+import { notifyUser } from "./notify.js";
+import { placeOrder } from "./supplier.js";
+
+type Decided = { id: string; title: string; amount: number; authorId: string };
+
+export const handlers: Handlers = {
+  "approve-request": async ({ store }, input) => {
+    let decided: Decided;
+    try {
+      // One transaction: the guarded status change, the budget deduction and the ledger row.
+      decided = (await store.procedures["approve-request-write"](input)).results[0]![0] as Decided;
+    } catch (error) {
+      // The declared budget check is a business refusal, not a server error. Nothing was written.
+      // The approval's only Schema check is the budget one.
+      if (error instanceof ContractError && error.code === "CONFLICT" && error.message.startsWith("A check of the Schema failed"))
+        throw new ContractError("CONFLICT", "The department budget cannot cover this request.", "procedures/approve-request");
+      throw error;
+    }
+    // After commit: nothing below may turn the committed approval into an error response.
+    const ordered = await placeOrder(store, decided);
+    await notifyUser(decided.authorId, `Approved: ${decided.title}`,
+      `Your purchase request "${decided.title}" was approved${ordered ? " and ordered from the supplier" : ""}.`, "purchasing.approved");
+    return { id: decided.id, requestStatus: ordered ? "ordered" : "approved" };
+  },
+  "reject-request": async ({ store }, input) => {
+    const decided = (await store.procedures["reject-request-write"](input)).results[0]![0] as Decided;
+    await notifyUser(decided.authorId, `Rejected: ${decided.title}`,
+      `Your purchase request "${decided.title}" was rejected.`, "purchasing.rejected");
+    return { id: decided.id, requestStatus: "rejected" };
+  },
+};

package/docs/examples/purchasing/src/notify.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { ConsoleEmailSender, type EmailSender } from "@aotter/mantle/email";
+import { env } from "cloudflare:workers";
+
+// AGENT: replace with a real sender before deploying (Cloudflare `send_email` binding, docs/handbook/guides/email.md).
+// ConsoleEmailSender only logs; it sends nothing.
+export const sender: EmailSender = new ConsoleEmailSender();
+
+// Recipients come from Better Auth through Mantle's server-side read (no session, no SQL on Better Auth's tables).
+// Loaded lazily: Better Auth stays out of the Worker's startup graph.
+const identity = async () => (await import("@aotter/mantle/auth/identity")).readIdentity((await import("./auth.js")).createAuth(env));
+
+/** Active admins (Better Auth adminRoles / adminUserIds). */
+export async function adminEmails(): Promise<string[]> {
+  return (await (await identity()).admins()).map(user => user.email);
+}
+
+/** Email failures never undo a decision that has already committed. */
+export async function notify(to: string, subject: string, text: string, category: string) {
+  try { await sender.send({ to, subject, text, locale: "en", category }); }
+  catch (error) { console.error(`[purchasing] ${category} email failed`, error); }
+}
+
+/** Looks up the user's email and sends; a failed lookup is logged like a failed send. */
+export async function notifyUser(userId: string, subject: string, text: string, category: string) {
+  let to: string | undefined;
+  try { to = (await (await identity()).user(userId))?.email; }
+  catch (error) { console.error(`[purchasing] ${category} recipient lookup failed`, error); }
+  if (to) await notify(to, subject, text, category);
+}

package/docs/examples/purchasing/src/requests-page.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import type { Caller } from "@aotter/mantle/contracts";
+import { store } from "../generated/generated.js";
+import myRequests from "../generated/paged/views/my-requests.js";
+import { handlers } from "./handlers.js";
+import { signInRedirect } from "./sign-in.js";
+
+/**
+ * GET /requests: the employee's own page. Anonymous visitors go to /sign-in and come back.
+ * Reads run here as the signed-in caller (`my-requests` restricts rows to `author_id = auth.uid()`). Writes do not:
+ * the form submits to `POST /api/requests`, the REST Trigger the manifest declares for `submit-request`, so input
+ * validation, `requires` and the origin check happen there. Request data never reaches a Procedure through app code.
+ * AGENT: unstyled on purpose; add the app's styling, copy and a change-amount action (its own Trigger) as needed.
+ */
+export async function requestsPage(request: Request, env: Env, caller: Caller): Promise<Response> {
+  if (caller.kind === "anonymous") return signInRedirect(request);
+  const mine = await myRequests(env.DB, caller, {}, { limit: 50 });
+  // Department names only; the budget amounts stay admin-side.
+  const budgets = await store(env.DB, { kind: "system", reason: "department list" }, { handlers }).collection("budgets").find({ limit: 100 });
+  return new Response(`<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+<meta name="robots" content="noindex"><title>My purchase requests</title>
+<h1>My purchase requests</h1>
+<form action="/api/requests" method="post" id="new-request">
+  <label>What <input name="title" required></label>
+  <label>Amount <input name="amount" type="number" min="1" step="1" required></label>
+  <label>Department <select name="department" required>${budgets.rows.map(b => `<option>${escape(String(b.department))}</option>`).join("")}</select></label>
+  <button>Submit</button>
+  <p role="alert" id="error" hidden></p>
+</form>
+<table>
+  <tr><th>What</th><th>Amount</th><th>Department</th><th>Status</th></tr>
+  ${mine.rows.map(r => `<tr><td>${escape(String(r.title))}</td><td>${escape(String(r.amount))}</td><td>${escape(String(r.department))}</td><td>${escape(String(r.requestStatus))}</td></tr>`).join("\n  ")}
+</table>
+<script type="module">
+// The submit event fires only after the browser's own checks (required, min) pass; the Trigger checks again.
+const form = document.getElementById("new-request"), error = document.getElementById("error");
+form.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
+  event.preventDefault();
+  // Field types come from the inputs, so a number input sends a JSON number.
+  const body = Object.fromEntries([...form.elements].filter(field => field.name).map(field => [field.name, field.type === "number" ? field.valueAsNumber : field.value]));
+  const button = form.querySelector("button");
+  button.disabled = true;
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch(form.action, { method: form.method, headers: { "content-type": "application/json" }, body: JSON.stringify(body) });
+    if (response.ok) return location.reload(); // the page reads the list again
+    error.textContent = (await response.json().catch(() => null))?.error?.message ?? "Not submitted. Try again.";
+  } catch {
+    error.textContent = "Not submitted: the network is unavailable.";
+  }
+  error.hidden = false;
+  button.disabled = false;
+});
+</script>
+`, { headers: { "content-type": "text/html; charset=utf-8", "cache-control": "no-store" } });
+}
+
+const escape = (text: string) => text.replace(/[&<>"']/g, c => `&#${c.charCodeAt(0)};`);