@amritk/nish-x86_64-linux 0.27.2 → 0.29.0

package/runtime/runtime.c

@@ -512,815 +512,851 @@ nish_str *nish_str_from_i32(int32_t v) { return nish_str_from_i64(v); }
 nish_str *nish_str_from_u64(uint64_t v) { return str_from_digits(v, 0); }
 
 
-/* ---- Shortest round-trip digits (Ryu)
-
-   Adapted from Ryu (https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu), ryu/d2s.c and
-   ryu/common.h. Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams. Used under the Boost Software
-   License, Version 1.0; see runtime/LICENSE-ryu. The code from here to the end
-   of `nish_shortest_digits` follows upstream's `d2d()` and its helpers, which
-   is why it keeps their names, constants and comments; the two tables are
-   regenerated by scripts/gen-pow5-tables.py rather than copied.
+/* ---- Shortest round-trip digits (Zmij)
+
+   Adapted from Zmij (https://github.com/vitaut/zmij), zmij.c. Copyright (c)
+   2025 - present, Victor Zverovich. Used under the Boost Software License,
+   Version 1.0 (upstream offers MIT or BSL-1.0); see runtime/LICENSE-zmij. The
+   code from here to the end of `nish_shortest_digits` follows upstream's
+   `umul192_hi128`, `umul128_add_hi64`, `compute_dec_exp`, `compute_exp_shift`
+   and the scalar `to_decimal_double`, which is why it keeps their constants;
+   the table is regenerated by scripts/gen-pow10-table.py rather than copied.
+   Only the digit computation is taken: no SIMD, and none of upstream's own
+   formatting, since the layout below is ECMAScript's rather than printf's.
 
    `String(x)` in JavaScript prints the *fewest* digits that read back as the
    same double, and the language promises that spelling. Reaching it by asking
-   snprintf for k digits and strtod whether they round-trip -- which is what
-   this used to do -- is both slow (up to seventeen format-and-parse round
-   trips, 2.6 us per number) and, less obviously, *wrong*: printf can only hand
-   back the correctly-rounded k-digit string, and for some values the shortest
-   string that round-trips at that length is a different one. The old search
-   printed all seventeen digits of 7.120236347223045e-307 for that reason.
-
-   Ryu (Ulf Adams, PLDI 2018) computes the digits directly. The two tables are
-   125-bit fixed-point approximations of 5^-i and 5^i, generated with exact
-   integer arithmetic rather than transcribed. Read the paper before touching
-   the algorithm: the multipliers in `nish_pow5bits`, `nish_log10pow2` and
-   `nish_log10pow5` are exact over the ranges a double's exponent can reach
-   and nowhere else. */
-static const uint64_t NISH_POW5_INV_SPLIT[292][2] = {
-  { 1u, 2305843009213693952u },
-  { 11068046444225730970u, 1844674407370955161u },
-  { 5165088340638674453u, 1475739525896764129u },
-  { 7821419487252849886u, 1180591620717411303u },
-  { 8824922364862649494u, 1888946593147858085u },
-  { 7059937891890119595u, 1511157274518286468u },
-  { 13026647942995916322u, 1208925819614629174u },
-  { 9774590264567735146u, 1934281311383406679u },
-  { 11509021026396098440u, 1547425049106725343u },
-  { 16585914450600699399u, 1237940039285380274u },
-  { 15469416676735388068u, 1980704062856608439u },
-  { 16064882156130220778u, 1584563250285286751u },
-  { 9162556910162266299u, 1267650600228229401u },
-  { 7281393426775805432u, 2028240960365167042u },
-  { 16893161185646375315u, 1622592768292133633u },
-  { 2446482504291369283u, 1298074214633706907u },
-  { 7603720821608101175u, 2076918743413931051u },
-  { 2393627842544570617u, 1661534994731144841u },
-  { 16672297533003297786u, 1329227995784915872u },
-  { 11918280793837635165u, 2126764793255865396u },
-  { 5845275820328197809u, 1701411834604692317u },
-  { 15744267100488289217u, 1361129467683753853u },
-  { 3054734472329800808u, 2177807148294006166u },
-  { 17201182836831481939u, 1742245718635204932u },
-  { 6382248639981364905u, 1393796574908163946u },
-  { 2832900194486363201u, 2230074519853062314u },
-  { 5955668970331000884u, 1784059615882449851u },
-  { 1075186361522890384u, 1427247692705959881u },
-  { 12788344622662355584u, 2283596308329535809u },
-  { 13920024512871794791u, 1826877046663628647u },
-  { 3757321980813615186u, 1461501637330902918u },
-  { 10384555214134712795u, 1169201309864722334u },
-  { 5547241898389809503u, 1870722095783555735u },
-  { 4437793518711847602u, 1496577676626844588u },
-  { 10928932444453298728u, 1197262141301475670u },
-  { 17486291911125277965u, 1915619426082361072u },
-  { 6610335899416401726u, 1532495540865888858u },
-  { 12666966349016942027u, 1225996432692711086u },
-  { 12888448528943286597u, 1961594292308337738u },
-  { 17689456452638449924u, 1569275433846670190u },
-  { 14151565162110759939u, 1255420347077336152u },
-  { 7885109000409574610u, 2008672555323737844u },
-  { 9997436015069570011u, 1606938044258990275u },
-  { 7997948812055656009u, 1285550435407192220u },
-  { 12796718099289049614u, 2056880696651507552u },
-  { 2858676849947419045u, 1645504557321206042u },
-  { 13354987924183666206u, 1316403645856964833u },
-  { 17678631863951955605u, 2106245833371143733u },
-  { 3074859046935833515u, 1684996666696914987u },
-  { 13527933681774397782u, 1347997333357531989u },
-  { 10576647446613305481u, 2156795733372051183u },
-  { 15840015586774465031u, 1725436586697640946u },
-  { 8982663654677661702u, 1380349269358112757u },
-  { 18061610662226169046u, 2208558830972980411u },
-  { 10759939715039024913u, 1766847064778384329u },
-  { 12297300586773130254u, 1413477651822707463u },
-  { 15986332124095098083u, 2261564242916331941u },
-  { 9099716884534168143u, 1809251394333065553u },
-  { 14658471137111155161u, 1447401115466452442u },
-  { 4348079280205103483u, 1157920892373161954u },
-  { 14335624477811986218u, 1852673427797059126u },
-  { 7779150767507678651u, 1482138742237647301u },
-  { 2533971799264232598u, 1185710993790117841u },
-  { 15122401323048503126u, 1897137590064188545u },
-  { 12097921058438802501u, 1517710072051350836u },
-  { 5988988032009131678u, 1214168057641080669u },
-  { 16961078480698431330u, 1942668892225729070u },
-  { 13568862784558745064u, 1554135113780583256u },
-  { 7165741412905085728u, 1243308091024466605u },
-  { 11465186260648137165u, 1989292945639146568u },
-  { 16550846638002330379u, 1591434356511317254u },
-  { 16930026125143774626u, 1273147485209053803u },
-  { 4951948911778577463u, 2037035976334486086u },
-  { 272210314680951647u, 1629628781067588869u },
-  { 3907117066486671641u, 1303703024854071095u },
-  { 6251387306378674625u, 2085924839766513752u },
-  { 16069156289328670670u, 1668739871813211001u },
-  { 9165976216721026213u, 1334991897450568801u },
-  { 7286864317269821294u, 2135987035920910082u },
-  { 16897537898041588005u, 1708789628736728065u },
-  { 13518030318433270404u, 1367031702989382452u },
-  { 6871453250525591353u, 2187250724783011924u },
-  { 9186511415162383406u, 1749800579826409539u },
-  { 11038557946871817048u, 1399840463861127631u },
-  { 10282995085511086630u, 2239744742177804210u },
-  { 8226396068408869304u, 1791795793742243368u },
-  { 13959814484210916090u, 1433436634993794694u },
-  { 11267656730511734774u, 2293498615990071511u },
-  { 5324776569667477496u, 1834798892792057209u },
-  { 7949170070475892320u, 1467839114233645767u },
-  { 17427382500606444826u, 1174271291386916613u },
-  { 5747719112518849781u, 1878834066219066582u },
-  { 15666221734240810795u, 1503067252975253265u },
-  { 12532977387392648636u, 1202453802380202612u },
-  { 5295368560860596524u, 1923926083808324180u },
-  { 4236294848688477220u, 1539140867046659344u },
-  { 7078384693692692099u, 1231312693637327475u },
-  { 11325415509908307358u, 1970100309819723960u },
-  { 9060332407926645887u, 1576080247855779168u },
-  { 14626963555825137356u, 1260864198284623334u },
-  { 12335095245094488799u, 2017382717255397335u },
-  { 9868076196075591040u, 1613906173804317868u },
-  { 15273158586344293478u, 1291124939043454294u },
-  { 13369007293925138595u, 2065799902469526871u },
-  { 7005857020398200553u, 1652639921975621497u },
-  { 16672732060544291412u, 1322111937580497197u },
-  { 11918976037903224966u, 2115379100128795516u },
-  { 5845832015580669650u, 1692303280103036413u },
-  { 12055363241948356366u, 1353842624082429130u },
-  { 841837113407818570u, 2166148198531886609u },
-  { 4362818505468165179u, 1732918558825509287u },
-  { 14558301248600263113u, 1386334847060407429u },
-  { 12225235553534690011u, 2218135755296651887u },
-  { 2401490813343931363u, 1774508604237321510u },
-  { 1921192650675145090u, 1419606883389857208u },
-  { 17831303500047873437u, 2271371013423771532u },
-  { 6886345170554478103u, 1817096810739017226u },
-  { 1819727321701672159u, 1453677448591213781u },
-  { 16213177116328979020u, 1162941958872971024u },
-  { 14873036941900635463u, 1860707134196753639u },
-  { 15587778368262418694u, 1488565707357402911u },
-  { 8780873879868024632u, 1190852565885922329u },
-  { 2981351763563108441u, 1905364105417475727u },
-  { 13453127855076217722u, 1524291284333980581u },
-  { 7073153469319063855u, 1219433027467184465u },
-  { 11317045550910502167u, 1951092843947495144u },
-  { 12742985255470312057u, 1560874275157996115u },
-  { 10194388204376249646u, 1248699420126396892u },
-  { 1553625868034358140u, 1997919072202235028u },
-  { 8621598323911307159u, 1598335257761788022u },
-  { 17965325103354776697u, 1278668206209430417u },
-  { 13987124906400001422u, 2045869129935088668u },
-  { 121653480894270168u, 1636695303948070935u },
-  { 97322784715416134u, 1309356243158456748u },
-  { 14913111714512307107u, 2094969989053530796u },
-  { 8241140556867935363u, 1675975991242824637u },
-  { 17660958889720079260u, 1340780792994259709u },
-  { 17189487779326395846u, 2145249268790815535u },
-  { 13751590223461116677u, 1716199415032652428u },
-  { 18379969808252713988u, 1372959532026121942u },
-  { 14650556434236701088u, 2196735251241795108u },
-  { 652398703163629901u, 1757388200993436087u },
-  { 11589965406756634890u, 1405910560794748869u },
-  { 7475898206584884855u, 2249456897271598191u },
-  { 2291369750525997561u, 1799565517817278553u },
-  { 9211793429904618695u, 1439652414253822842u },
-  { 18428218302589300235u, 2303443862806116547u },
-  { 7363877012587619542u, 1842755090244893238u },
-  { 13269799239553916280u, 1474204072195914590u },
-  { 10615839391643133024u, 1179363257756731672u },
-  { 2227947767661371545u, 1886981212410770676u },
-  { 16539753473096738529u, 1509584969928616540u },
-  { 13231802778477390823u, 1207667975942893232u },
-  { 6413489186596184024u, 1932268761508629172u },
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-  { 8928596168509315048u, 1978643211784836272u },
-  { 18210923379033183008u, 1582914569427869017u },
-  { 7190041073742725760u, 1266331655542295214u },
-  { 436019273762630246u, 2026130648867672343u },
-  { 7727513048493924843u, 1620904519094137874u },
-  { 9871359253537050198u, 1296723615275310299u },
-  { 4726128361433549347u, 2074757784440496479u },
-  { 7470251503888749801u, 1659806227552397183u },
-  { 13354898832594820487u, 1327844982041917746u },
-  { 13989140502667892133u, 2124551971267068394u },
-  { 14880661216876224029u, 1699641577013654715u },
-  { 11904528973500979224u, 1359713261610923772u },
-  { 4289851098633925465u, 2175541218577478036u },
-  { 18189276137874781665u, 1740432974861982428u },
-  { 3483374466074094362u, 1392346379889585943u },
-  { 1884050330976640656u, 2227754207823337509u },
-  { 5196589079523222848u, 1782203366258670007u },
-  { 15225317707844309248u, 1425762693006936005u },
-  { 5913764258841343181u, 2281220308811097609u },
-  { 8420360221814984868u, 1824976247048878087u },
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-  { 17932816512084085415u, 1167984798111281975u },
-  { 10245762345624985047u, 1868775676978051161u },
-  { 4507261061758077715u, 1495020541582440929u },
-  { 7295157664148372495u, 1196016433265952743u },
-  { 7982903447895485668u, 1913626293225524389u },
-  { 10075671573058298858u, 1530901034580419511u },
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-  { 4907049252451240275u, 2054740586542333401u },
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-  { 11840957649224578280u, 1755559702013980378u },
-  { 16851463748863483271u, 1404447761611184302u },
-  { 12204946739213931940u, 2247116418577894884u },
-  { 13453306206113055875u, 1797693134862315907u },
-  { 3383947335406624054u, 1438154507889852726u },
+   snprintf for k digits and strtod whether they round-trip is both slow and,
+   less obviously, *wrong*: printf can only hand back the correctly-rounded
+   k-digit string, and for some values the shortest string that round-trips at
+   that length is a different one (7.120236347223045e-307 is the pinned case).
+
+   Zmij (a Schubfach descendant) gets there with one 64x128-bit multiply: it
+   scales the value by a power of ten chosen so the integer part is the shorter
+   of the two candidate lengths, decides from the fractional part whether that
+   candidate already lies inside the rounding interval, and otherwise reads one
+   more digit off the fraction. Ryu, which this replaced, needed three
+   multiplies and a loop of divisions. Read upstream before touching the
+   arithmetic: `315653 >> 20`, `217707 >> 16` and the `+6` bias are exact over
+   the exponents a double can have and verified there, not in general. */
+/* Generated by scripts/gen-pow10-table.py; do not hand-edit. 10^-293 to 10^323. */
+#define NISH_POW10_MIN (-293)
+static const uint64_t NISH_POW10_SIG[617][2] = {
+  { 0xcc5fc196fefd7d0cu, 0x1e53ed49a96272c8u },
+  { 0xff77b1fcbebcdc4fu, 0x25e8e89c13bb0f7au },
+  { 0x9faacf3df73609b1u, 0x77b191618c54e9acu },
+  { 0xc795830d75038c1du, 0xd59df5b9ef6a2417u },
+  { 0xf97ae3d0d2446f25u, 0x4b0573286b44ad1du },
+  { 0x9becce62836ac577u, 0x4ee367f9430aec32u },
+  { 0xc2e801fb244576d5u, 0x229c41f793cda73fu },
+  { 0xf3a20279ed56d48au, 0x6b43527578c1110fu },
+  { 0x9845418c345644d6u, 0x830a13896b78aaa9u },
+  { 0xbe5691ef416bd60cu, 0x23cc986bc656d553u },
+  { 0xedec366b11c6cb8fu, 0x2cbfbe86b7ec8aa8u },
+  { 0x94b3a202eb1c3f39u, 0x7bf7d71432f3d6a9u },
+  { 0xb9e08a83a5e34f07u, 0xdaf5ccd93fb0cc53u },
+  { 0xe858ad248f5c22c9u, 0xd1b3400f8f9cff68u },
+  { 0x91376c36d99995beu, 0x23100809b9c21fa1u },
+  { 0xb58547448ffffb2du, 0xabd40a0c2832a78au },
+  { 0xe2e69915b3fff9f9u, 0x16c90c8f323f516cu },
+  { 0x8dd01fad907ffc3bu, 0xae3da7d97f6792e3u },
+  { 0xb1442798f49ffb4au, 0x99cd11cfdf41779cu },
+  { 0xdd95317f31c7fa1du, 0x40405643d711d583u },
+  { 0x8a7d3eef7f1cfc52u, 0x482835ea666b2572u },
+  { 0xad1c8eab5ee43b66u, 0xda3243650005eecfu },
+  { 0xd863b256369d4a40u, 0x90bed43e40076a82u },
+  { 0x873e4f75e2224e68u, 0x5a7744a6e804a291u },
+  { 0xa90de3535aaae202u, 0x711515d0a205cb36u },
+  { 0xd3515c2831559a83u, 0x0d5a5b44ca873e03u },
+  { 0x8412d9991ed58091u, 0xe858790afe9486c2u },
+  { 0xa5178fff668ae0b6u, 0x626e974dbe39a872u },
+  { 0xce5d73ff402d98e3u, 0xfb0a3d212dc8128fu },
+  { 0x80fa687f881c7f8eu, 0x7ce66634bc9d0b99u },
+  { 0xa139029f6a239f72u, 0x1c1fffc1ebc44e80u },
+  { 0xc987434744ac874eu, 0xa327ffb266b56220u },
+  { 0xfbe9141915d7a922u, 0x4bf1ff9f0062baa8u },
+  { 0x9d71ac8fada6c9b5u, 0x6f773fc3603db4a9u },
+  { 0xc4ce17b399107c22u, 0xcb550fb4384d21d3u },
+  { 0xf6019da07f549b2bu, 0x7e2a53a146606a48u },
+  { 0x99c102844f94e0fbu, 0x2eda7444cbfc426du },
+  { 0xc0314325637a1939u, 0xfa911155fefb5308u },
+  { 0xf03d93eebc589f88u, 0x793555ab7eba27cau },
+  { 0x96267c7535b763b5u, 0x4bc1558b2f3458deu },
+  { 0xbbb01b9283253ca2u, 0x9eb1aaedfb016f16u },
+  { 0xea9c227723ee8bcbu, 0x465e15a979c1cadcu },
+  { 0x92a1958a7675175fu, 0x0bfacd89ec191ec9u },
+  { 0xb749faed14125d36u, 0xcef980ec671f667bu },
+  { 0xe51c79a85916f484u, 0x82b7e12780e7401au },
+  { 0x8f31cc0937ae58d2u, 0xd1b2ecb8b0908810u },
+  { 0xb2fe3f0b8599ef07u, 0x861fa7e6dcb4aa15u },
+  { 0xdfbdcece67006ac9u, 0x67a791e093e1d49au },
+  { 0x8bd6a141006042bdu, 0xe0c8bb2c5c6d24e0u },
+  { 0xaecc49914078536du, 0x58fae9f773886e18u },
+  { 0xda7f5bf590966848u, 0xaf39a475506a899eu },
+  { 0x888f99797a5e012du, 0x6d8406c952429603u },
+  { 0xaab37fd7d8f58178u, 0xc8e5087ba6d33b83u },
+  { 0xd5605fcdcf32e1d6u, 0xfb1e4a9a90880a64u },
+  { 0x855c3be0a17fcd26u, 0x5cf2eea09a55067fu },
+  { 0xa6b34ad8c9dfc06fu, 0xf42faa48c0ea481eu },
+  { 0xd0601d8efc57b08bu, 0xf13b94daf124da26u },
+  { 0x823c12795db6ce57u, 0x76c53d08d6b70858u },
+  { 0xa2cb1717b52481edu, 0x54768c4b0c64ca6eu },
+  { 0xcb7ddcdda26da268u, 0xa9942f5dcf7dfd09u },
+  { 0xfe5d54150b090b02u, 0xd3f93b35435d7c4cu },
+  { 0x9efa548d26e5a6e1u, 0xc47bc5014a1a6dafu },
+  { 0xc6b8e9b0709f109au, 0x359ab6419ca1091bu },
+  { 0xf867241c8cc6d4c0u, 0xc30163d203c94b62u },
+  { 0x9b407691d7fc44f8u, 0x79e0de63425dcf1du },
+  { 0xc21094364dfb5636u, 0x985915fc12f542e4u },
+  { 0xf294b943e17a2bc4u, 0x3e6f5b7b17b2939du },
+  { 0x979cf3ca6cec5b5au, 0xa705992ceecf9c42u },
+  { 0xbd8430bd08277231u, 0x50c6ff782a838353u },
+  { 0xece53cec4a314ebdu, 0xa4f8bf5635246428u },
+  { 0x940f4613ae5ed136u, 0x871b7795e136be99u },
+  { 0xb913179899f68584u, 0x28e2557b59846e3fu },
+  { 0xe757dd7ec07426e5u, 0x331aeada2fe589cfu },
+  { 0x9096ea6f3848984fu, 0x3ff0d2c85def7621u },
+  { 0xb4bca50b065abe63u, 0x0fed077a756b53a9u },
+  { 0xe1ebce4dc7f16dfbu, 0xd3e8495912c62894u },
+  { 0x8d3360f09cf6e4bdu, 0x64712dd7abbbd95cu },
+  { 0xb080392cc4349decu, 0xbd8d794d96aacfb3u },
+  { 0xdca04777f541c567u, 0xecf0d7a0fc5583a0u },
+  { 0x89e42caaf9491b60u, 0xf41686c49db57244u },
+  { 0xac5d37d5b79b6239u, 0x311c2875c522ced5u },
+  { 0xd77485cb25823ac7u, 0x7d633293366b828bu },
+  { 0x86a8d39ef77164bcu, 0xae5dff9c02033197u },
+  { 0xa8530886b54dbdebu, 0xd9f57f830283fdfcu },
+  { 0xd267caa862a12d66u, 0xd072df63c324fd7bu },
+  { 0x8380dea93da4bc60u, 0x4247cb9e59f71e6du },
+  { 0xa46116538d0deb78u, 0x52d9be85f074e608u },
+  { 0xcd795be870516656u, 0x67902e276c921f8bu },
+  { 0x806bd9714632dff6u, 0x00ba1cd8a3db53b6u },
+  { 0xa086cfcd97bf97f3u, 0x80e8a40eccd228a4u },
+  { 0xc8a883c0fdaf7df0u, 0x6122cd128006b2cdu },
+  { 0xfad2a4b13d1b5d6cu, 0x796b805720085f81u },
+  { 0x9cc3a6eec6311a63u, 0xcbe3303674053bb0u },
+  { 0xc3f490aa77bd60fcu, 0xbedbfc4411068a9cu },
+  { 0xf4f1b4d515acb93bu, 0xee92fb5515482d44u },
+  { 0x991711052d8bf3c5u, 0x751bdd152d4d1c4au },
+  { 0xbf5cd54678eef0b6u, 0xd262d45a78a0635du },
+  { 0xef340a98172aace4u, 0x86fb897116c87c34u },
+  { 0x9580869f0e7aac0eu, 0xd45d35e6ae3d4da0u },
+  { 0xbae0a846d2195712u, 0x8974836059cca109u },
+  { 0xe998d258869facd7u, 0x2bd1a438703fc94bu },
+  { 0x91ff83775423cc06u, 0x7b6306a34627ddcfu },
+  { 0xb67f6455292cbf08u, 0x1a3bc84c17b1d542u },
+  { 0xe41f3d6a7377eecau, 0x20caba5f1d9e4a93u },
+  { 0x8e938662882af53eu, 0x547eb47b7282ee9cu },
+  { 0xb23867fb2a35b28du, 0xe99e619a4f23aa43u },
+  { 0xdec681f9f4c31f31u, 0x6405fa00e2ec94d4u },
+  { 0x8b3c113c38f9f37eu, 0xde83bc408dd3dd04u },
+  { 0xae0b158b4738705eu, 0x9624ab50b148d445u },
+  { 0xd98ddaee19068c76u, 0x3badd624dd9b0957u },
+  { 0x87f8a8d4cfa417c9u, 0xe54ca5d70a80e5d6u },
+  { 0xa9f6d30a038d1dbcu, 0x5e9fcf4ccd211f4cu },
+  { 0xd47487cc8470652bu, 0x7647c3200069671fu },
+  { 0x84c8d4dfd2c63f3bu, 0x29ecd9f40041e073u },
+  { 0xa5fb0a17c777cf09u, 0xf468107100525890u },
+  { 0xcf79cc9db955c2ccu, 0x7182148d4066eeb4u },
+  { 0x81ac1fe293d599bfu, 0xc6f14cd848405530u },
+  { 0xa21727db38cb002fu, 0xb8ada00e5a506a7cu },
+  { 0xca9cf1d206fdc03bu, 0xa6d90811f0e4851cu },
+  { 0xfd442e4688bd304au, 0x908f4a166d1da663u },
+  { 0x9e4a9cec15763e2eu, 0x9a598e4e043287feu },
+  { 0xc5dd44271ad3cdbau, 0x40eff1e1853f29fdu },
+  { 0xf7549530e188c128u, 0xd12bee59e68ef47cu },
+  { 0x9a94dd3e8cf578b9u, 0x82bb74f8301958ceu },
+  { 0xc13a148e3032d6e7u, 0xe36a52363c1faf01u },
+  { 0xf18899b1bc3f8ca1u, 0xdc44e6c3cb279ac1u },
+  { 0x96f5600f15a7b7e5u, 0x29ab103a5ef8c0b9u },
+  { 0xbcb2b812db11a5deu, 0x7415d448f6b6f0e7u },
+  { 0xebdf661791d60f56u, 0x111b495b3464ad21u },
+  { 0x936b9fcebb25c995u, 0xcab10dd900beec34u },
+  { 0xb84687c269ef3bfbu, 0x3d5d514f40eea742u },
+  { 0xe65829b3046b0afau, 0x0cb4a5a3112a5112u },
+  { 0x8ff71a0fe2c2e6dcu, 0x47f0e785eaba72abu },
+  { 0xb3f4e093db73a093u, 0x59ed216765690f56u },
+  { 0xe0f218b8d25088b8u, 0x306869c13ec3532cu },
+  { 0x8c974f7383725573u, 0x1e414218c73a13fbu },
+  { 0xafbd2350644eeacfu, 0xe5d1929ef90898fau },
+  { 0xdbac6c247d62a583u, 0xdf45f746b74abf39u },
+  { 0x894bc396ce5da772u, 0x6b8bba8c328eb783u },
+  { 0xab9eb47c81f5114fu, 0x066ea92f3f326564u },
+  { 0xd686619ba27255a2u, 0xc80a537b0efefebdu },
+  { 0x8613fd0145877585u, 0xbd06742ce95f5f36u },
+  { 0xa798fc4196e952e7u, 0x2c48113823b73704u },
+  { 0xd17f3b51fca3a7a0u, 0xf75a15862ca504c5u },
+  { 0x82ef85133de648c4u, 0x9a984d73dbe722fbu },
+  { 0xa3ab66580d5fdaf5u, 0xc13e60d0d2e0ebbau },
+  { 0xcc963fee10b7d1b3u, 0x318df905079926a8u },
+  { 0xffbbcfe994e5c61fu, 0xfdf17746497f7052u },
+  { 0x9fd561f1fd0f9bd3u, 0xfeb6ea8bedefa633u },
+  { 0xc7caba6e7c5382c8u, 0xfe64a52ee96b8fc0u },
+  { 0xf9bd690a1b68637bu, 0x3dfdce7aa3c673b0u },
+  { 0x9c1661a651213e2du, 0x06bea10ca65c084eu },
+  { 0xc31bfa0fe5698db8u, 0x486e494fcff30a62u },
+  { 0xf3e2f893dec3f126u, 0x5a89dba3c3efccfau },
+  { 0x986ddb5c6b3a76b7u, 0xf89629465a75e01cu },
+  { 0xbe89523386091465u, 0xf6bbb397f1135823u },
+  { 0xee2ba6c0678b597fu, 0x746aa07ded582e2cu },
+  { 0x94db483840b717efu, 0xa8c2a44eb4571cdcu },
+  { 0xba121a4650e4ddebu, 0x92f34d62616ce413u },
+  { 0xe896a0d7e51e1566u, 0x77b020baf9c81d17u },
+  { 0x915e2486ef32cd60u, 0x0ace1474dc1d122eu },
+  { 0xb5b5ada8aaff80b8u, 0x0d819992132456bau },
+  { 0xe3231912d5bf60e6u, 0x10e1fff697ed6c69u },
+  { 0x8df5efabc5979c8fu, 0xca8d3ffa1ef463c1u },
+  { 0xb1736b96b6fd83b3u, 0xbd308ff8a6b17cb2u },
+  { 0xddd0467c64bce4a0u, 0xac7cb3f6d05ddbdeu },
+  { 0x8aa22c0dbef60ee4u, 0x6bcdf07a423aa96bu },
+  { 0xad4ab7112eb3929du, 0x86c16c98d2c953c6u },
+  { 0xd89d64d57a607744u, 0xe871c7bf077ba8b7u },
+  { 0x87625f056c7c4a8bu, 0x11471cd764ad4972u },
+  { 0xa93af6c6c79b5d2du, 0xd598e40d3dd89bcfu },
+  { 0xd389b47879823479u, 0x4aff1d108d4ec2c3u },
+  { 0x843610cb4bf160cbu, 0xcedf722a585139bau },
+  { 0xa54394fe1eedb8feu, 0xc2974eb4ee658828u },
+  { 0xce947a3da6a9273eu, 0x733d226229feea32u },
+  { 0x811ccc668829b887u, 0x0806357d5a3f525fu },
+  { 0xa163ff802a3426a8u, 0xca07c2dcb0cf26f7u },
+  { 0xc9bcff6034c13052u, 0xfc89b393dd02f0b5u },
+  { 0xfc2c3f3841f17c67u, 0xbbac2078d443ace2u },
+  { 0x9d9ba7832936edc0u, 0xd54b944b84aa4c0du },
+  { 0xc5029163f384a931u, 0x0a9e795e65d4df11u },
+  { 0xf64335bcf065d37du, 0x4d4617b5ff4a16d5u },
+  { 0x99ea0196163fa42eu, 0x504bced1bf8e4e45u },
+  { 0xc06481fb9bcf8d39u, 0xe45ec2862f71e1d6u },
+  { 0xf07da27a82c37088u, 0x5d767327bb4e5a4cu },
+  { 0x964e858c91ba2655u, 0x3a6a07f8d510f86fu },
+  { 0xbbe226efb628afeau, 0x890489f70a55368bu },
+  { 0xeadab0aba3b2dbe5u, 0x2b45ac74ccea842eu },
+  { 0x92c8ae6b464fc96fu, 0x3b0b8bc90012929du },
+  { 0xb77ada0617e3bbcbu, 0x09ce6ebb40173744u },
+  { 0xe55990879ddcaabdu, 0xcc420a6a101d0515u },
+  { 0x8f57fa54c2a9eab6u, 0x9fa946824a12232du },
+  { 0xb32df8e9f3546564u, 0x47939822dc96abf9u },
+  { 0xdff9772470297ebdu, 0x59787e2b93bc56f7u },
+  { 0x8bfbea76c619ef36u, 0x57eb4edb3c55b65au },
+  { 0xaefae51477a06b03u, 0xede622920b6b23f1u },
+  { 0xdab99e59958885c4u, 0xe95fab368e45ecedu },
+  { 0x88b402f7fd75539bu, 0x11dbcb0218ebb414u },
+  { 0xaae103b5fcd2a881u, 0xd652bdc29f26a119u },
+  { 0xd59944a37c0752a2u, 0x4be76d3346f0495fu },
+  { 0x857fcae62d8493a5u, 0x6f70a4400c562ddbu },
+  { 0xa6dfbd9fb8e5b88eu, 0xcb4ccd500f6bb952u },
+  { 0xd097ad07a71f26b2u, 0x7e2000a41346a7a7u },
+  { 0x825ecc24c873782fu, 0x8ed400668c0c28c8u },
+  { 0xa2f67f2dfa90563bu, 0x728900802f0f32fau },
+  { 0xcbb41ef979346bcau, 0x4f2b40a03ad2ffb9u },
+  { 0xfea126b7d78186bcu, 0xe2f610c84987bfa8u },
+  { 0x9f24b832e6b0f436u, 0x0dd9ca7d2df4d7c9u },
+  { 0xc6ede63fa05d3143u, 0x91503d1c79720dbbu },
+  { 0xf8a95fcf88747d94u, 0x75a44c6397ce912au },
+  { 0x9b69dbe1b548ce7cu, 0xc986afbe3ee11abau },
+  { 0xc24452da229b021bu, 0xfbe85badce996168u },
+  { 0xf2d56790ab41c2a2u, 0xfae27299423fb9c3u },
+  { 0x97c560ba6b0919a5u, 0xdccd879fc967d41au },
+  { 0xbdb6b8e905cb600fu, 0x5400e987bbc1c920u },
+  { 0xed246723473e3813u, 0x290123e9aab23b68u },
+  { 0x9436c0760c86e30bu, 0xf9a0b6720aaf6521u },
+  { 0xb94470938fa89bceu, 0xf808e40e8d5b3e69u },
+  { 0xe7958cb87392c2c2u, 0xb60b1d1230b20e04u },
+  { 0x90bd77f3483bb9b9u, 0xb1c6f22b5e6f48c2u },
+  { 0xb4ecd5f01a4aa828u, 0x1e38aeb6360b1af3u },
+  { 0xe2280b6c20dd5232u, 0x25c6da63c38de1b0u },
+  { 0x8d590723948a535fu, 0x579c487e5a38ad0eu },
+  { 0xb0af48ec79ace837u, 0x2d835a9df0c6d851u },
+  { 0xdcdb1b2798182244u, 0xf8e431456cf88e65u },
+  { 0x8a08f0f8bf0f156bu, 0x1b8e9ecb641b58ffu },
+  { 0xac8b2d36eed2dac5u, 0xe272467e3d222f3fu },
+  { 0xd7adf884aa879177u, 0x5b0ed81dcc6abb0fu },
+  { 0x86ccbb52ea94baeau, 0x98e947129fc2b4e9u },
+  { 0xa87fea27a539e9a5u, 0x3f2398d747b36224u },
+  { 0xd29fe4b18e88640eu, 0x8eec7f0d19a03aadu },
+  { 0x83a3eeeef9153e89u, 0x1953cf68300424acu },
+  { 0xa48ceaaab75a8e2bu, 0x5fa8c3423c052dd7u },
+  { 0xcdb02555653131b6u, 0x3792f412cb06794du },
+  { 0x808e17555f3ebf11u, 0xe2bbd88bbee40bd0u },
+  { 0xa0b19d2ab70e6ed6u, 0x5b6aceaeae9d0ec4u },
+  { 0xc8de047564d20a8bu, 0xf245825a5a445275u },
+  { 0xfb158592be068d2eu, 0xeed6e2f0f0d56712u },
+  { 0x9ced737bb6c4183du, 0x55464dd69685606bu },
+  { 0xc428d05aa4751e4cu, 0xaa97e14c3c26b886u },
+  { 0xf53304714d9265dfu, 0xd53dd99f4b3066a8u },
+  { 0x993fe2c6d07b7fabu, 0xe546a8038efe4029u },
+  { 0xbf8fdb78849a5f96u, 0xde98520472bdd033u },
+  { 0xef73d256a5c0f77cu, 0x963e66858f6d4440u },
+  { 0x95a8637627989aadu, 0xdde7001379a44aa8u },
+  { 0xbb127c53b17ec159u, 0x5560c018580d5d52u },
+  { 0xe9d71b689dde71afu, 0xaab8f01e6e10b4a6u },
+  { 0x9226712162ab070du, 0xcab3961304ca70e8u },
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+  { 0x8714a775e3e95c78u, 0x65acfaec34810a71u },
+  { 0xa8d9d1535ce3b396u, 0x7f1839a741a14d0du },
+  { 0xd31045a8341ca07cu, 0x1ede48111209a050u },
+  { 0x83ea2b892091e44du, 0x934aed0aab460432u },
+  { 0xa4e4b66b68b65d60u, 0xf81da84d5617853fu },
+  { 0xce1de40642e3f4b9u, 0x36251260ab9d668eu },
+  { 0x80d2ae83e9ce78f3u, 0xc1d72b7c6b426019u },
+  { 0xa1075a24e4421730u, 0xb24cf65b8612f81fu },
+  { 0xc94930ae1d529cfcu, 0xdee033f26797b627u },
+  { 0xfb9b7cd9a4a7443cu, 0x169840ef017da3b1u },
+  { 0x9d412e0806e88aa5u, 0x8e1f289560ee864eu },
+  { 0xc491798a08a2ad4eu, 0xf1a6f2bab92a27e2u },
+  { 0xf5b5d7ec8acb58a2u, 0xae10af696774b1dbu },
+  { 0x9991a6f3d6bf1765u, 0xacca6da1e0a8ef29u },
+  { 0xbff610b0cc6edd3fu, 0x17fd090a58d32af3u },
+  { 0xeff394dcff8a948eu, 0xddfc4b4cef07f5b0u },
+  { 0x95f83d0a1fb69cd9u, 0x4abdaf101564f98eu },
+  { 0xbb764c4ca7a4440fu, 0x9d6d1ad41abe37f1u },
+  { 0xea53df5fd18d5513u, 0x84c86189216dc5edu },
+  { 0x92746b9be2f8552cu, 0x32fd3cf5b4e49bb4u },
+  { 0xb7118682dbb66a77u, 0x3fbc8c33221dc2a1u },
+  { 0xe4d5e82392a40515u, 0x0fabaf3feaa5334au },
+  { 0x8f05b1163ba6832du, 0x29cb4d87f2a7400eu },
+  { 0xb2c71d5bca9023f8u, 0x743e20e9ef511012u },
+  { 0xdf78e4b2bd342cf6u, 0x914da9246b255416u },
+  { 0x8bab8eefb6409c1au, 0x1ad089b6c2f7548eu },
+  { 0xae9672aba3d0c320u, 0xa184ac2473b529b1u },
+  { 0xda3c0f568cc4f3e8u, 0xc9e5d72d90a2741eu },
+  { 0x8865899617fb1871u, 0x7e2fa67c7a658892u },
+  { 0xaa7eebfb9df9de8du, 0xddbb901b98feeab7u },
+  { 0xd51ea6fa85785631u, 0x552a74227f3ea565u },
+  { 0x8533285c936b35deu, 0xd53a88958f87275fu },
+  { 0xa67ff273b8460356u, 0x8a892abaf368f137u },
+  { 0xd01fef10a657842cu, 0x2d2b7569b0432d85u },
+  { 0x8213f56a67f6b29bu, 0x9c3b29620e29fc73u },
+  { 0xa298f2c501f45f42u, 0x8349f3ba91b47b8fu },
+  { 0xcb3f2f7642717713u, 0x241c70a936219a73u },
+  { 0xfe0efb53d30dd4d7u, 0xed238cd383aa0110u },
+  { 0x9ec95d1463e8a506u, 0xf4363804324a40aau },
+  { 0xc67bb4597ce2ce48u, 0xb143c6053edcd0d5u },
+  { 0xf81aa16fdc1b81dau, 0xdd94b7868e94050au },
+  { 0x9b10a4e5e9913128u, 0xca7cf2b4191c8326u },
+  { 0xc1d4ce1f63f57d72u, 0xfd1c2f611f63a3f0u },
+  { 0xf24a01a73cf2dccfu, 0xbc633b39673c8cecu },
+  { 0x976e41088617ca01u, 0xd5be0503e085d813u },
+  { 0xbd49d14aa79dbc82u, 0x4b2d8644d8a74e18u },
+  { 0xec9c459d51852ba2u, 0xddf8e7d60ed1219eu },
+  { 0x93e1ab8252f33b45u, 0xcabb90e5c942b503u },
+  { 0xb8da1662e7b00a17u, 0x3d6a751f3b936243u },
+  { 0xe7109bfba19c0c9du, 0x0cc512670a783ad4u },
+  { 0x906a617d450187e2u, 0x27fb2b80668b24c5u },
+  { 0xb484f9dc9641e9dau, 0xb1f9f660802dedf6u },
+  { 0xe1a63853bbd26451u, 0x5e7873f8a0396973u },
+  { 0x8d07e33455637eb2u, 0xdb0b487b6423e1e8u },
+  { 0xb049dc016abc5e5fu, 0x91ce1a9a3d2cda62u },
+  { 0xdc5c5301c56b75f7u, 0x7641a140cc7810fbu },
+  { 0x89b9b3e11b6329bau, 0xa9e904c87fcb0a9du },
+  { 0xac2820d9623bf429u, 0x546345fa9fbdcd44u },
+  { 0xd732290fbacaf133u, 0xa97c177947ad4095u },
+  { 0x867f59a9d4bed6c0u, 0x49ed8eabcccc485du },
+  { 0xa81f301449ee8c70u, 0x5c68f256bfff5a74u },
+  { 0xd226fc195c6a2f8cu, 0x73832eec6fff3111u },
+  { 0x83585d8fd9c25db7u, 0xc831fd53c5ff7eabu },
+  { 0xa42e74f3d032f525u, 0xba3e7ca8b77f5e55u },
+  { 0xcd3a1230c43fb26fu, 0x28ce1bd2e55f35ebu },
+  { 0x80444b5e7aa7cf85u, 0x7980d163cf5b81b3u },
+  { 0xa0555e361951c366u, 0xd7e105bcc332621fu },
+  { 0xc86ab5c39fa63440u, 0x8dd9472bf3fefaa7u },
+  { 0xfa856334878fc150u, 0xb14f98f6f0feb951u },
+  { 0x9c935e00d4b9d8d2u, 0x6ed1bf9a569f33d3u },
+  { 0xc3b8358109e84f07u, 0x0a862f80ec4700c8u },
+  { 0xf4a642e14c6262c8u, 0xcd27bb612758c0fau },
+  { 0x98e7e9cccfbd7dbdu, 0x8038d51cb897789cu },
+  { 0xbf21e44003acdd2cu, 0xe0470a63e6bd56c3u },
+  { 0xeeea5d5004981478u, 0x1858ccfce06cac74u },
+  { 0x95527a5202df0ccbu, 0x0f37801e0c43ebc8u },
+  { 0xbaa718e68396cffdu, 0xd30560258f54e6bau },
+  { 0xe950df20247c83fdu, 0x47c6b82ef32a2069u },
+  { 0x91d28b7416cdd27eu, 0x4cdc331d57fa5441u },
+  { 0xb6472e511c81471du, 0xe0133fe4adf8e952u },
+  { 0xe3d8f9e563a198e5u, 0x58180fddd97723a6u },
+  { 0x8e679c2f5e44ff8fu, 0x570f09eaa7ea7648u },
+  { 0xb201833b35d63f73u, 0x2cd2cc6551e513dau },
+  { 0xde81e40a034bcf4fu, 0xf8077f7ea65e58d1u },
+  { 0x8b112e86420f6191u, 0xfb04afaf27faf782u },
+  { 0xadd57a27d29339f6u, 0x79c5db9af1f9b563u },
+  { 0xd94ad8b1c7380874u, 0x18375281ae7822bcu },
+  { 0x87cec76f1c830548u, 0x8f2293910d0b15b5u },
+  { 0xa9c2794ae3a3c69au, 0xb2eb3875504ddb22u },
+  { 0xd433179d9c8cb841u, 0x5fa60692a46151ebu },
+  { 0x849feec281d7f328u, 0xdbc7c41ba6bcd333u },
+  { 0xa5c7ea73224deff3u, 0x12b9b522906c0800u },
+  { 0xcf39e50feae16befu, 0xd768226b34870a00u },
+  { 0x81842f29f2cce375u, 0xe6a1158300d46640u },
+  { 0xa1e53af46f801c53u, 0x60495ae3c1097fd0u },
+  { 0xca5e89b18b602368u, 0x385bb19cb14bdfc4u },
+  { 0xfcf62c1dee382c42u, 0x46729e03dd9ed7b5u },
 };
 
-static const uint64_t NISH_POW5_SPLIT[326][2] = {
-  { 0u, 1152921504606846976u },
-  { 0u, 1441151880758558720u },
-  { 0u, 1801439850948198400u },
-  { 0u, 2251799813685248000u },
-  { 0u, 1407374883553280000u },
-  { 0u, 1759218604441600000u },
-  { 0u, 2199023255552000000u },
-  { 0u, 1374389534720000000u },
-  { 0u, 1717986918400000000u },
-  { 0u, 2147483648000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1342177280000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1677721600000000000u },
-  { 0u, 2097152000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1310720000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1638400000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 2048000000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1280000000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1600000000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 2000000000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1250000000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1562500000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1953125000000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1220703125000000000u },
-  { 0u, 1525878906250000000u },
-  { 0u, 1907348632812500000u },
-  { 0u, 1192092895507812500u },
-  { 0u, 1490116119384765625u },
-  { 4611686018427387904u, 1862645149230957031u },
-  { 9799832789158199296u, 1164153218269348144u },
-  { 12249790986447749120u, 1455191522836685180u },
-  { 15312238733059686400u, 1818989403545856475u },
-  { 14528612397897220096u, 2273736754432320594u },
-  { 13692068767113150464u, 1421085471520200371u },
-  { 12503399940464050176u, 1776356839400250464u },
-  { 15629249925580062720u, 2220446049250313080u },
-  { 9768281203487539200u, 1387778780781445675u },
-  { 7598665485932036096u, 1734723475976807094u },
-  { 274959820560269312u, 2168404344971008868u },
-  { 9395221924704944128u, 1355252715606880542u },
-  { 2520655369026404352u, 1694065894508600678u },
-  { 12374191248137781248u, 2117582368135750847u },
-  { 14651398557727195136u, 1323488980084844279u },
-  { 13702562178731606016u, 1654361225106055349u },
-  { 3293144668132343808u, 2067951531382569187u },
-  { 18199116482078572544u, 1292469707114105741u },
-  { 8913837547316051968u, 1615587133892632177u },
-  { 15753982952572452864u, 2019483917365790221u },
-  { 12152082354571476992u, 1262177448353618888u },
-  { 15190102943214346240u, 1577721810442023610u },
-  { 9764256642163156992u, 1972152263052529513u },
-  { 17631875447420442880u, 1232595164407830945u },
-  { 8204786253993389888u, 1540743955509788682u },
-  { 1032610780636961552u, 1925929944387235853u },
-  { 2951224747111794922u, 1203706215242022408u },
-  { 3689030933889743652u, 1504632769052528010u },
-  { 13834660704216955373u, 1880790961315660012u },
-  { 17870034976990372916u, 1175494350822287507u },
-  { 17725857702810578241u, 1469367938527859384u },
-  { 3710578054803671186u, 1836709923159824231u },
-  { 26536550077201078u, 2295887403949780289u },
-  { 11545800389866720434u, 1434929627468612680u },
-  { 14432250487333400542u, 1793662034335765850u },
-  { 8816941072311974870u, 2242077542919707313u },
-  { 17039803216263454053u, 1401298464324817070u },
-  { 12076381983474541759u, 1751623080406021338u },
-  { 5872105442488401391u, 2189528850507526673u },
-  { 15199280947623720629u, 1368455531567204170u },
-  { 9775729147674874978u, 1710569414459005213u },
-  { 16831347453020981627u, 2138211768073756516u },
-  { 1296220121283337709u, 1336382355046097823u },
-  { 15455333206886335848u, 1670477943807622278u },
-  { 10095794471753144002u, 2088097429759527848u },
-  { 6309871544845715001u, 1305060893599704905u },
-  { 12499025449484531656u, 1631326116999631131u },
-  { 11012095793428276666u, 2039157646249538914u },
-  { 11494245889320060820u, 1274473528905961821u },
-  { 532749306367912313u, 1593091911132452277u },
-  { 5277622651387278295u, 1991364888915565346u },
-  { 7910200175544436838u, 1244603055572228341u },
-  { 14499436237857933952u, 1555753819465285426u },
-  { 8900923260467641632u, 1944692274331606783u },
-  { 12480606065433357876u, 1215432671457254239u },
-  { 10989071563364309441u, 1519290839321567799u },
-  { 9124653435777998898u, 1899113549151959749u },
-  { 8008751406574943263u, 1186945968219974843u },
-  { 5399253239791291175u, 1483682460274968554u },
-  { 15972438586593889776u, 1854603075343710692u },
-  { 759402079766405302u, 1159126922089819183u },
-  { 14784310654990170340u, 1448908652612273978u },
-  { 9257016281882937117u, 1811135815765342473u },
-  { 16182956370781059300u, 2263919769706678091u },
-  { 7808504722524468110u, 1414949856066673807u },
-  { 5148944884728197234u, 1768687320083342259u },
-  { 1824495087482858639u, 2210859150104177824u },
-  { 1140309429676786649u, 1381786968815111140u },
-  { 1425386787095983311u, 1727233711018888925u },
-  { 6393419502297367043u, 2159042138773611156u },
-  { 13219259225790630210u, 1349401336733506972u },
-  { 16524074032238287762u, 1686751670916883715u },
-  { 16043406521870471799u, 2108439588646104644u },
-  { 803757039314269066u, 1317774742903815403u },
-  { 14839754354425000045u, 1647218428629769253u },
-  { 4714634887749086344u, 2059023035787211567u },
-  { 9864175832484260821u, 1286889397367007229u },
-  { 16941905809032713930u, 1608611746708759036u },
-  { 2730638187581340797u, 2010764683385948796u },
-  { 10930020904093113806u, 1256727927116217997u },
-  { 18274212148543780162u, 1570909908895272496u },
-  { 4396021111970173586u, 1963637386119090621u },
-  { 5053356204195052443u, 1227273366324431638u },
-  { 15540067292098591362u, 1534091707905539547u },
-  { 14813398096695851299u, 1917614634881924434u },
-  { 13870059828862294966u, 1198509146801202771u },
-  { 12725888767650480803u, 1498136433501503464u },
-  { 15907360959563101004u, 1872670541876879330u },
-  { 14553786618154326031u, 1170419088673049581u },
-  { 4357175217410743827u, 1463023860841311977u },
-  { 10058155040190817688u, 1828779826051639971u },
-  { 7961007781811134206u, 2285974782564549964u },
-  { 14199001900486734687u, 1428734239102843727u },
-  { 13137066357181030455u, 1785917798878554659u },
-  { 11809646928048900164u, 2232397248598193324u },
-  { 16604401366885338411u, 1395248280373870827u },
-  { 16143815690179285109u, 1744060350467338534u },
-  { 10956397575869330579u, 2180075438084173168u },
-  { 6847748484918331612u, 1362547148802608230u },
-  { 17783057643002690323u, 1703183936003260287u },
-  { 17617136035325974999u, 2128979920004075359u },
-  { 17928239049719816230u, 1330612450002547099u },
-  { 17798612793722382384u, 1663265562503183874u },
-  { 13024893955298202172u, 2079081953128979843u },
-  { 5834715712847682405u, 1299426220705612402u },
-  { 16516766677914378815u, 1624282775882015502u },
-  { 11422586310538197711u, 2030353469852519378u },
-  { 11750802462513761473u, 1268970918657824611u },
-  { 10076817059714813937u, 1586213648322280764u },
-  { 12596021324643517422u, 1982767060402850955u },
-  { 5566670318688504437u, 1239229412751781847u },
-  { 2346651879933242642u, 1549036765939727309u },
-  { 7545000868343941206u, 1936295957424659136u },
-  { 4715625542714963254u, 1210184973390411960u },
-  { 5894531928393704067u, 1512731216738014950u },
-  { 16591536947346905892u, 1890914020922518687u },
-  { 17287239619732898039u, 1181821263076574179u },
-  { 16997363506238734644u, 1477276578845717724u },
-  { 2799960309088866689u, 1846595723557147156u },
-  { 10973347230035317489u, 1154122327223216972u },
-  { 13716684037544146861u, 1442652909029021215u },
-  { 12534169028502795672u, 1803316136286276519u },
-  { 11056025267201106687u, 2254145170357845649u },
-  { 18439230838069161439u, 1408840731473653530u },
-  { 13825666510731675991u, 1761050914342066913u },
-  { 3447025083132431277u, 2201313642927583642u },
-  { 6766076695385157452u, 1375821026829739776u },
-  { 8457595869231446815u, 1719776283537174720u },
-  { 10571994836539308519u, 2149720354421468400u },
-  { 6607496772837067824u, 1343575221513417750u },
-  { 17482743002901110588u, 1679469026891772187u },
-  { 17241742735199000331u, 2099336283614715234u },
-  { 15387775227926763111u, 1312085177259197021u },
-  { 5399660979626290177u, 1640106471573996277u },
-  { 11361262242960250625u, 2050133089467495346u },
-  { 11712474920277544544u, 1281333180917184591u },
-  { 10028907631919542777u, 1601666476146480739u },
-  { 7924448521472040567u, 2002083095183100924u },
-  { 14176152362774801162u, 1251301934489438077u },
-  { 3885132398186337741u, 1564127418111797597u },
-  { 9468101516160310080u, 1955159272639746996u },
-  { 15140935484454969608u, 1221974545399841872u },
-  { 479425281859160394u, 1527468181749802341u },
-  { 5210967620751338397u, 1909335227187252926u },
-  { 17091912818251750210u, 1193334516992033078u },
-  { 12141518985959911954u, 1491668146240041348u },
-  { 15176898732449889943u, 1864585182800051685u },
-  { 11791404716994875166u, 1165365739250032303u },
-  { 10127569877816206054u, 1456707174062540379u },
-  { 8047776328842869663u, 1820883967578175474u },
-  { 836348374198811271u, 2276104959472719343u },
-  { 7440246761515338900u, 1422565599670449589u },
-  { 13911994470321561530u, 1778206999588061986u },
-  { 8166621051047176104u, 2222758749485077483u },
-  { 2798295147690791113u, 1389224218428173427u },
-  { 17332926989895652603u, 1736530273035216783u },
-  { 17054472718942177850u, 2170662841294020979u },
-  { 8353202440125167204u, 1356664275808763112u },
-  { 10441503050156459005u, 1695830344760953890u },
-  { 3828506775840797949u, 2119787930951192363u },
-  { 86973725686804766u, 1324867456844495227u },
-  { 13943775212390669669u, 1656084321055619033u },
-  { 3594660960206173375u, 2070105401319523792u },
-  { 2246663100128858359u, 1293815875824702370u },
-  { 12031700912015848757u, 1617269844780877962u },
-  { 5816254103165035138u, 2021587305976097453u },
-  { 5941001823691840913u, 1263492066235060908u },
-  { 7426252279614801142u, 1579365082793826135u },
-  { 4671129331091113523u, 1974206353492282669u },
-  { 5225298841145639904u, 1233878970932676668u },
-  { 6531623551432049880u, 1542348713665845835u },
-  { 3552843420862674446u, 1927935892082307294u },
-  { 16055585193321335241u, 1204959932551442058u },
-  { 10846109454796893243u, 1506199915689302573u },
-  { 18169322836923504458u, 1882749894611628216u },
-  { 11355826773077190286u, 1176718684132267635u },
-  { 9583097447919099954u, 1470898355165334544u },
-  { 11978871809898874942u, 1838622943956668180u },
-  { 14973589762373593678u, 2298278679945835225u },
-  { 2440964573842414192u, 1436424174966147016u },
-  { 3051205717303017741u, 1795530218707683770u },
-  { 13037379183483547984u, 2244412773384604712u },
-  { 8148361989677217490u, 1402757983365377945u },
-  { 14797138505523909766u, 1753447479206722431u },
-  { 13884737113477499304u, 2191809349008403039u },
-  { 15595489723564518921u, 1369880843130251899u },
-  { 14882676136028260747u, 1712351053912814874u },
-  { 9379973133180550126u, 2140438817391018593u },
-  { 17391698254306313589u, 1337774260869386620u },
-  { 3292878744173340370u, 1672217826086733276u },
-  { 4116098430216675462u, 2090272282608416595u },
-  { 266718509671728212u, 1306420176630260372u },
-  { 333398137089660265u, 1633025220787825465u },
-  { 5028433689789463235u, 2041281525984781831u },
-  { 10060300083759496378u, 1275800953740488644u },
-  { 12575375104699370472u, 1594751192175610805u },
-  { 1884160825592049379u, 1993438990219513507u },
-  { 17318501580490888525u, 1245899368887195941u },
-  { 7813068920331446945u, 1557374211108994927u },
-  { 5154650131986920777u, 1946717763886243659u },
-  { 915813323278131534u, 1216698602428902287u },
-  { 14979824709379828129u, 1520873253036127858u },
-  { 9501408849870009354u, 1901091566295159823u },
-  { 12855909558809837702u, 1188182228934474889u },
-  { 2234828893230133415u, 1485227786168093612u },
-  { 2793536116537666769u, 1856534732710117015u },
-  { 8663489100477123587u, 1160334207943823134u },
-  { 1605989338741628675u, 1450417759929778918u },
-  { 11230858710281811652u, 1813022199912223647u },
-  { 9426887369424876662u, 2266277749890279559u },
-  { 12809333633531629769u, 1416423593681424724u },
-  { 16011667041914537212u, 1770529492101780905u },
-  { 6179525747111007803u, 2213161865127226132u },
-  { 13085575628799155685u, 1383226165704516332u },
-  { 16356969535998944606u, 1729032707130645415u },
-  { 15834525901571292854u, 2161290883913306769u },
-  { 2979049660840976177u, 1350806802445816731u },
-  { 17558870131333383934u, 1688508503057270913u },
-  { 8113529608884566205u, 2110635628821588642u },
-  { 9682642023980241782u, 1319147268013492901u },
-  { 16714988548402690132u, 1648934085016866126u },
-  { 11670363648648586857u, 2061167606271082658u },
-  { 11905663298832754689u, 1288229753919426661u },
-  { 1047021068258779650u, 1610287192399283327u },
-  { 15143834390605638274u, 2012858990499104158u },
-  { 4853210475701136017u, 1258036869061940099u },
-  { 1454827076199032118u, 1572546086327425124u },
-  { 1818533845248790147u, 1965682607909281405u },
-  { 3442426662494187794u, 1228551629943300878u },
-  { 13526405364972510550u, 1535689537429126097u },
-  { 3072948650933474476u, 1919611921786407622u },
-  { 15755650962115585259u, 1199757451116504763u },
-  { 15082877684217093670u, 1499696813895630954u },
-  { 9630225068416591280u, 1874621017369538693u },
-  { 8324733676974063502u, 1171638135855961683u },
-  { 5794231077790191473u, 1464547669819952104u },
-  { 7242788847237739342u, 1830684587274940130u },
-  { 18276858095901949986u, 2288355734093675162u },
-  { 16034722328366106645u, 1430222333808546976u },
-  { 1596658836748081690u, 1787777917260683721u },
-  { 6607509564362490017u, 2234722396575854651u },
-  { 1823850468512862308u, 1396701497859909157u },
-  { 6891499104068465790u, 1745876872324886446u },
-  { 17837745916940358045u, 2182346090406108057u },
-  { 4231062170446641922u, 1363966306503817536u },
-  { 5288827713058302403u, 1704957883129771920u },
-  { 6611034641322878003u, 2131197353912214900u },
-  { 13355268687681574560u, 1331998346195134312u },
-  { 16694085859601968200u, 1664997932743917890u },
-  { 11644235287647684442u, 2081247415929897363u },
-  { 4971804045566108824u, 1300779634956185852u },
-  { 6214755056957636030u, 1625974543695232315u },
-  { 3156757802769657134u, 2032468179619040394u },
-  { 6584659645158423613u, 1270292612261900246u },
-  { 17454196593302805324u, 1587865765327375307u },
-  { 17206059723201118751u, 1984832206659219134u },
-  { 6142101308573311315u, 1240520129162011959u },
-  { 3065940617289251240u, 1550650161452514949u },
-  { 8444111790038951954u, 1938312701815643686u },
-  { 665883850346957067u, 1211445438634777304u },
-  { 832354812933696334u, 1514306798293471630u },
-  { 10263815553021896226u, 1892883497866839537u },
-  { 17944099766707154901u, 1183052186166774710u },
-  { 13206752671529167818u, 1478815232708468388u },
-  { 16508440839411459773u, 1848519040885585485u },
-  { 12623618533845856310u, 1155324400553490928u },
-  { 15779523167307320387u, 1444155500691863660u },
-  { 1277659885424598868u, 1805194375864829576u },
-  { 1597074856780748586u, 2256492969831036970u },
-  { 5609857803915355770u, 1410308106144398106u },
-  { 16235694291748970521u, 1762885132680497632u },
-  { 1847873790976661535u, 2203606415850622041u },
-  { 12684136165428883219u, 1377254009906638775u },
-  { 11243484188358716120u, 1721567512383298469u },
-  { 219297180166231438u, 2151959390479123087u },
-  { 7054589765244976505u, 1344974619049451929u },
-  { 13429923224983608535u, 1681218273811814911u },
-  { 12175718012802122765u, 2101522842264768639u },
-  { 14527352785642408584u, 1313451776415480399u },
-  { 13547504963625622826u, 1641814720519350499u },
-  { 12322695186104640628u, 2052268400649188124u },
-  { 16925056528170176201u, 1282667750405742577u },
-  { 7321262604930556539u, 1603334688007178222u },
-  { 18374950293017971482u, 2004168360008972777u },
-  { 4566814905495150320u, 1252605225005607986u },
-  { 14931890668723713708u, 1565756531257009982u },
-  { 9441491299049866327u, 1957195664071262478u },
-  { 1289246043478778550u, 1223247290044539049u },
-  { 6223243572775861092u, 1529059112555673811u },
-  { 3167368447542438461u, 1911323890694592264u },
-  { 1979605279714024038u, 1194577431684120165u },
-  { 7086192618069917952u, 1493221789605150206u },
-  { 18081112809442173248u, 1866527237006437757u },
-  { 13606538515115052232u, 1166579523129023598u },
-  { 7784801107039039482u, 1458224403911279498u },
-  { 507629346944023544u, 1822780504889099373u },
-  { 5246222702107417334u, 2278475631111374216u },
-  { 3278889188817135834u, 1424047269444608885u },
-  { 8710297504448807696u, 1780059086805761106u },
-};
-#define NISH_POW5_BITS 125
-
-static uint32_t nish_pow5bits(int32_t e) { return (uint32_t)(((((uint32_t)e) * 1217359) >> 19) + 1); }
-static uint32_t nish_log10pow2(int32_t e) { return (((uint32_t)e) * 78913) >> 18; }
-static uint32_t nish_log10pow5(int32_t e) { return (((uint32_t)e) * 732923) >> 20; }
-
-/* How many times 5 divides `v`; the trailing-zero tests below are its only users. */
-static uint32_t nish_pow5factor(uint64_t v) {
-  uint32_t n = 0;
-  for (;;) {
-    uint64_t q = v / 5;
-    if (v - q * 5 != 0) break;
-    v = q; n++;
-  }
-  return n;
+/* The high 128 bits of the 192-bit product of `x_hi:x_lo` and `y`, dropping
+   the low word's carry exactly as upstream does: the table rounds down, and
+   the error that leaves is what the `+6` below absorbs. */
+static void nish_umul192_hi128(uint64_t x_hi, uint64_t x_lo, uint64_t y,
+                               uint64_t *hi, uint64_t *lo) {
+  __uint128_t p = (__uint128_t)x_hi * y;
+  uint64_t l = (uint64_t)p + (uint64_t)(((__uint128_t)x_lo * y) >> 64);
+  *hi = (uint64_t)(p >> 64) + (l < (uint64_t)p);
+  *lo = l;
 }
 
-/* (m * mul) >> j, with `mul` a 128-bit constant split into two 64-bit halves. */
-static uint64_t nish_mulshift(uint64_t m, const uint64_t *mul, int32_t j) {
-  __uint128_t b0 = (__uint128_t)m * mul[0];
-  __uint128_t b2 = (__uint128_t)m * mul[1];
-  return (uint64_t)(((b0 >> 64) + b2) >> (j - 64));
+/* (x * y + c) >> 64: one decimal digit off a 64-bit fraction, biased by `c`. */
+static uint64_t nish_umul128_add_hi64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t c) {
+  return (uint64_t)(((__uint128_t)x * y + c) >> 64);
 }
 
-/* The shortest digits of a finite, positive `v` into `digits` (no NUL), with
-   `*exp10` set so the value is `0.<digits> * 10^*exp10` -- the form the
-   ECMAScript layout below wants. Returns the digit count, 1 to 17. */
-static int nish_shortest_digits(double v, char *digits, int *exp10) {
-  uint64_t bits;
-  memcpy(&bits, &v, 8);
-  const uint64_t mantissa = bits & ((1ull << 52) - 1);
-  const uint32_t exponent = (uint32_t)((bits >> 52) & 0x7ff);
-
-  /* The halfway points either side of `v` are what decide the shortest digits,
-     so everything is scaled by 4 to keep them integral. */
-  int32_t e2;
-  uint64_t m2;
-  if (exponent == 0) {
-    e2 = 1 - 1023 - 52 - 2;
-    m2 = mantissa;
+/* The shortest digits of a finite, positive double, given as its bits, as an
+   integer `sig` with no trailing zeros and `*exp10` set so the value is
+   `sig * 10^*exp10`. `sig` has 1 to 17 digits. */
+static uint64_t nish_shortest_digits(uint64_t bits, int *exp10) {
+  uint64_t bin_sig = bits & ((1ull << 52) - 1);
+  int raw_exp = (int)(bits >> 52);
+  /* A power of two has a lower neighbour half as far away as its upper one,
+     so its rounding interval is lopsided ("irregular"). 2^-1022 is the one
+     power that is not: the largest subnormal sits a full ulp below it. V8 and
+     Ryu both treat it as regular, and so does this; upstream does not, which
+     would need one more table row and prints the same digits. */
+  int regular = bin_sig != 0 || raw_exp <= 1;
+  if (raw_exp == 0) raw_exp = 1; /* a subnormal has 2^-1022's spacing */
+  else bin_sig |= 1ull << 52;
+  int bin_exp = raw_exp - 1075;
+
+  /* floor(log10(2^bin_exp)), or of 3/4 of it when irregular, and the shift
+     that puts every exponent's decimal point at the same bit. Scaling by
+     10^(-dec_exp-1) rather than 10^-dec_exp lands on the shorter candidate
+     directly, so the extra digit comes off the fraction, not out of a div10. */
+  int dec_exp = (bin_exp * 315653 - (regular ? 0 : 131072)) >> 20;
+  int shift = bin_exp + ((-(dec_exp + 1) * 217707) >> 16) + 1 + 6;
+  const uint64_t *pow10 = NISH_POW10_SIG[-dec_exp - 1 - NISH_POW10_MIN];
+  uint64_t hi, lo;
+  nish_umul192_hi128(pow10[0], pow10[1], bin_sig << shift, &hi, &lo);
+  uint64_t integral = hi >> 6;
+  uint64_t fractional = (hi << 58) | (lo >> 6);
+
+  /* Half the distance to each neighbour, in the fraction's units. An even
+     significand's interval is closed, which is the round-half-to-even tie
+     rule for reading the digits back. */
+  uint64_t half_ulp = pow10[0] >> (7 - shift);
+  int round_up, round_down;
+  uint64_t digit;
+  if (regular) {
+    half_ulp += 1 - (bin_sig & 1);
+    round_up = fractional + half_ulp < fractional;
+    round_down = half_ulp > fractional;
+    /* The nearest next digit, ties to even: 0.25 is the one fraction whose
+       tenfold is an exact .5 that rounds the wrong way. */
+    digit = nish_umul128_add_hi64(fractional, 10, (1ull << 63) + 6);
+    if (fractional == 1ull << 62) digit = 2;
   } else {
-    e2 = (int32_t)exponent - 1023 - 52 - 2;
-    m2 = (1ull << 52) | mantissa;
+    round_up = half_ulp > ~0ull - fractional;
+    round_down = (half_ulp >> 1) > fractional;
+    /* The lower neighbour is closer, so the nearest digit may fall below the
+       interval: take the smallest one inside it instead. */
+    digit = nish_umul128_add_hi64(fractional, 10, (1ull << 63) - 1);
+    uint64_t least = nish_umul128_add_hi64(fractional - (half_ulp >> 1), 10, ~0ull);
+    if (digit < least) digit = least;
   }
-  const int acceptBounds = (m2 & 1) == 0;
-  const uint64_t mv = 4 * m2;
-  const uint32_t mmShift = (mantissa != 0 || exponent <= 1);
-
-  uint64_t vr, vp, vm;
-  int32_t e10;
-  int vmIsTrailingZeros = 0, vrIsTrailingZeros = 0;
-  if (e2 >= 0) {
-    const uint32_t q = nish_log10pow2(e2) - (e2 > 3);
-    const int32_t k = NISH_POW5_BITS + (int32_t)nish_pow5bits((int32_t)q) - 1;
-    const int32_t j = -e2 + (int32_t)q + k;
-    e10 = (int32_t)q;
-    vr = nish_mulshift(mv, NISH_POW5_INV_SPLIT[q], j);
-    vp = nish_mulshift(mv + 2, NISH_POW5_INV_SPLIT[q], j);
-    vm = nish_mulshift(mv - 1 - mmShift, NISH_POW5_INV_SPLIT[q], j);
-    if (q <= 21) {
-      if (mv % 5 == 0) {
-        vrIsTrailingZeros = nish_pow5factor(mv) >= q;
-      } else if (acceptBounds) {
-        vmIsTrailingZeros = nish_pow5factor(mv - 1 - mmShift) >= q;
-      } else {
-        vp -= nish_pow5factor(mv + 2) >= q;
-      }
-    }
-  } else {
-    const uint32_t q = nish_log10pow5(-e2) - (-e2 > 1);
-    const int32_t i = -e2 - (int32_t)q;
-    const int32_t k = (int32_t)nish_pow5bits(i) - NISH_POW5_BITS;
-    const int32_t j = (int32_t)q - k;
-    e10 = (int32_t)q + e2;
-    vr = nish_mulshift(mv, NISH_POW5_SPLIT[i], j);
-    vp = nish_mulshift(mv + 2, NISH_POW5_SPLIT[i], j);
-    vm = nish_mulshift(mv - 1 - mmShift, NISH_POW5_SPLIT[i], j);
-    if (q <= 1) {
-      vrIsTrailingZeros = 1;
-      if (acceptBounds) vmIsTrailingZeros = (mmShift == 1);
-      else --vp;
-    } else if (q < 63) {
-      vrIsTrailingZeros = (mv & ((1ull << q) - 1)) == 0;
-    }
+
+  /* When either end of the interval reaches past the shorter candidate, that
+     candidate (rounded toward the end that holds it) is the answer; otherwise
+     it takes one more digit. */
+  uint64_t sig = (integral + round_up) * 10 + (round_up | round_down ? 0 : digit);
+  int e = dec_exp;
+  /* At most 16 trailing zeros: `sig` is below 2^53 * 10 + 10 < 10^17. */
+  if (sig % 10 == 0) {
+    sig /= 10; e += 1;
+    if (sig % 100000000 == 0) { sig /= 100000000; e += 8; }
+    if (sig % 10000 == 0) { sig /= 10000; e += 4; }
+    if (sig % 100 == 0) { sig /= 100; e += 2; }
+    if (sig % 10 == 0) { sig /= 10; e += 1; }
   }
+  *exp10 = e;
+  return sig;
+}
 
-  int32_t removed = 0;
-  uint8_t lastDigit = 0;
-  uint64_t output;
-  if (vmIsTrailingZeros || vrIsTrailingZeros) {
-    /* The rare path (~0.7%): a boundary is exact, so trailing zeros decide it. */
-    for (;;) {
-      const uint64_t vpDiv10 = vp / 10, vmDiv10 = vm / 10;
-      if (vpDiv10 <= vmDiv10) break;
-      const uint64_t vrDiv10 = vr / 10;
-      vmIsTrailingZeros &= (uint32_t)(vm - 10 * vmDiv10) == 0;
-      vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastDigit == 0;
-      lastDigit = (uint8_t)(vr - 10 * vrDiv10);
-      vr = vrDiv10; vp = vpDiv10; vm = vmDiv10;
-      ++removed;
-    }
-    if (vmIsTrailingZeros) {
-      for (;;) {
-        const uint64_t vmDiv10 = vm / 10;
-        if ((uint32_t)(vm - 10 * vmDiv10) != 0) break;
-        const uint64_t vpDiv10 = vp / 10, vrDiv10 = vr / 10;
-        vrIsTrailingZeros &= lastDigit == 0;
-        lastDigit = (uint8_t)(vr - 10 * vrDiv10);
-        vr = vrDiv10; vp = vpDiv10; vm = vmDiv10;
-        ++removed;
-      }
-    }
-    /* Round half to even, which is the tie rule ECMAScript states for `s`. */
-    if (vrIsTrailingZeros && lastDigit == 5 && vr % 2 == 0) lastDigit = 4;
-    output = vr + ((vr == vm && (!acceptBounds || !vmIsTrailingZeros)) || lastDigit >= 5);
-  } else {
-    /* The common path (~99.3%): two digits at a time first, then one. */
-    int roundUp = 0;
-    const uint64_t vpDiv100 = vp / 100, vmDiv100 = vm / 100;
-    if (vpDiv100 > vmDiv100) {
-      const uint64_t vrDiv100 = vr / 100;
-      roundUp = (uint32_t)(vr - 100 * vrDiv100) >= 50;
-      vr = vrDiv100; vp = vpDiv100; vm = vmDiv100;
-      removed += 2;
-    }
-    for (;;) {
-      const uint64_t vpDiv10 = vp / 10, vmDiv10 = vm / 10;
-      if (vpDiv10 <= vmDiv10) break;
-      const uint64_t vrDiv10 = vr / 10;
-      roundUp = (uint32_t)(vr - 10 * vrDiv10) >= 5;
-      vr = vrDiv10; vp = vpDiv10; vm = vmDiv10;
-      ++removed;
-    }
-    output = vr + (vr == vm || roundUp);
+/* "00" to "99", so the digits go out two to a lookup and two to a store. */
+static const char NISH_DIGITS2[200] =
+  "0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
+  "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
+  "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
+  "6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
+  "8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";
+
+static const uint64_t NISH_POW10_U64[18] = {
+  1ull, 10ull, 100ull, 1000ull, 10000ull, 100000ull, 1000000ull, 10000000ull,
+  100000000ull, 1000000000ull, 10000000000ull, 100000000000ull,
+  1000000000000ull, 10000000000000ull, 100000000000000ull,
+  1000000000000000ull, 10000000000000000ull, 100000000000000000ull,
+};
+
+/* The decimal digits of `v` into the bytes just before `end`, as many as it
+   has, written backward a pair at a time. The caller knows the count. */
+static void nish_put_digits(char *end, uint64_t v) {
+  while (v >= 100) {
+    uint64_t q = v / 100;
+    end -= 2;
+    memcpy(end, NISH_DIGITS2 + 2 * (v - q * 100), 2);
+    v = q;
   }
+  if (v >= 10) memcpy(end - 2, NISH_DIGITS2 + 2 * v, 2);
+  else end[-1] = (char)('0' + v);
+}
 
-  char tmp[20];
-  int k = 0;
-  do { tmp[k++] = (char)('0' + (int)(output % 10)); output /= 10; } while (output);
-  for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) digits[i] = tmp[k - 1 - i];
-  *exp10 = e10 + removed + k;
-  return k;
+/* runtime/nish.h and tests/runtime-test.c state the same size; tests/run.js
+   (`f64_format_oracle`) fails if the three disagree. */
+#define NISH_F64_MAX 32
+
+/* JS Number#toString: shortest round-trip digits, e-form outside (-6, 21].
+   Writes no NUL and returns the length. The longest output is 25 bytes,
+   -0.0000012345678901234567: a sign, "0.", five zeros and seventeen digits.
+   Every other layout is shorter: 22 for a 21-digit integer and its sign, 24
+   for -1.2345678901234567e-308, 9 for -Infinity. No layout writes scratch
+   past its own final length. */
+int nish_f64_format(double v, char out[NISH_F64_MAX]) {
+  uint64_t bits;
+  char *o = out;
+  memcpy(&bits, &v, 8);
+  if ((bits << 1) >> 53 == 0x7ff) {
+    if (bits << 12) { memcpy(o, "NaN", 3); return 3; }
+    if (bits >> 63) *o++ = '-';
+    memcpy(o, "Infinity", 8);
+    return (int)(o - out) + 8;
+  }
+  if ((bits << 1) == 0) { *o = '0'; return 1; } /* -0 prints as 0 */
+  if (bits >> 63) *o++ = '-';
+
+  int e;
+  uint64_t sig = nish_shortest_digits(bits & ~(1ull << 63), &e);
+  /* The digit count: 1233 / 4096 is log10(2) from below, which can only be
+     one short, and the table settles it. */
+  int k = ((64 - __builtin_clzll(sig)) * 1233) >> 12;
+  k += sig >= NISH_POW10_U64[k];
+  int n = k + e; /* value = 0.<digits> * 10^n */
+
+  if (n > 21 || n <= -6) {
+    /* d.ddde+x: the digits one byte right, then the first moved left past
+       where the point goes. */
+    nish_put_digits(o + 1 + k, sig);
+    o[0] = o[1];
+    if (k > 1) { o[1] = '.'; o += k + 1; }
+    else o += 1;
+    int x = n - 1;
+    *o++ = 'e';
+    *o++ = x < 0 ? '-' : '+';
+    if (x < 0) x = -x;
+    if (x >= 100) { *o++ = (char)('0' + x / 100); x %= 100; memcpy(o, NISH_DIGITS2 + 2 * x, 2); o += 2; }
+    else if (x >= 10) { memcpy(o, NISH_DIGITS2 + 2 * x, 2); o += 2; }
+    else *o++ = (char)('0' + x);
+  } else if (n <= 0) {
+    o[0] = '0'; o[1] = '.';
+    memset(o + 2, '0', (size_t)-n);
+    o += 2 - n;
+    nish_put_digits(o + k, sig);
+    o += k;
+  } else if (n >= k) {
+    nish_put_digits(o + k, sig);
+    memset(o + k, '0', (size_t)(n - k));
+    o += n;
+  } else {
+    /* The integer part shifts left one byte to open the point's slot. */
+    nish_put_digits(o + 1 + k, sig);
+    memmove(o, o + 1, (size_t)n);
+    o[n] = '.';
+    o += k + 1;
+  }
+  return (int)(o - out);
 }
 
-/* JS Number#toString: shortest round-trip digits, e-form outside (-6, 21] */
 nish_str *nish_str_from_f64(double v) {
-  char digits[24], out[32], *o = out;
-  int k, n, i, e = 0;
-  if (v != v) { memcpy(o, "NaN", 3); o += 3; }
-  else if (v == 0) *o++ = '0'; /* -0 prints as 0 */
-  else {
-    if (v < 0) { *o++ = '-'; v = -v; }
-    if (v == INFINITY) { memcpy(o, "Infinity", 8); o += 8; }
-    else {
-      k = nish_shortest_digits(v, digits, &n); /* value = 0.digits * 10^n */
-      if (n > 21 || n <= -6) { e = n - 1; n = 1; }
-      else if (n <= 0) { *o++ = '0'; *o++ = '.'; for (; n < 0; n++) *o++ = '0'; n = k; }
-      for (i = 0; i < k || i < n; i++) { if (i == n) *o++ = '.'; *o++ = i < k ? digits[i] : '0'; }
-      if (e) o += snprintf(o, 8, "e%+d", e);
-    }
-  }
-  return nish_str_new(out, o - out);
+  char out[NISH_F64_MAX];
+  return nish_str_new(out, (uint64_t)nish_f64_format(v, out));
+}
+
+/* `JsonWriter.f64`'s digits straight into the writer's buffer (std/json.ts,
+   `jsonPutF64Walk`; the emitter makes the call, src/kernels.ts): `v`'s
+   spelling at `buf[at]`, all of it or none. Answers the new end, or -1 when
+   `at` is negative or the bytes do not fit before `len`, and then writes
+   nothing, as `jsonWriterPutText` does. `len` is the array's length as the
+   Nish code's `toI32` reads it, which is never more than the array holds; the
+   comparison is in 64 bits, so no `len` or `at` wraps it. */
+int32_t nish_json_put_f64(uint8_t *buf, int32_t len, int32_t at, double v) {
+  char out[NISH_F64_MAX];
+  int n = nish_f64_format(v, out);
+  if (at < 0 || (int64_t)at > (int64_t)len - n) return -1;
+  memcpy(buf + at, out, (size_t)n);
+  return at + n;
 }
 
 /* ---- Math.random: xorshift64*, seeded lazily from time and pid. The shifts