@aion0/forge 0.5.25 → 0.5.27

package/.forge/worktrees/pipeline-e7f78b7a/lib/workspace/orchestrator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3400 @@
+/**
+ * WorkspaceOrchestrator — manages a group of agents within a workspace.
+ *
+ * Responsibilities:
+ * - Create/remove agents
+ * - Run agents (auto-select backend, inject upstream context)
+ * - Listen to agent events → trigger downstream agents
+ * - Approval gating
+ * - Parallel execution (independent agents run concurrently)
+ * - Error recovery (restart from lastCheckpoint)
+ */
+
+import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
+import { readFileSync, existsSync, writeFileSync, unlinkSync, mkdirSync, statSync, readdirSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { execSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import { resolve, join } from 'node:path';
+import { homedir } from 'node:os';
+import type {
+  WorkspaceAgentConfig,
+  AgentState,
+  SmithStatus,
+  TaskStatus,
+  WorkerEvent,
+  BusMessage,
+  Artifact,
+  WorkspaceState,
+  DaemonWakeReason,
+} from './types';
+import { AgentWorker } from './agent-worker';
+import { AgentBus } from './agent-bus';
+import { WatchManager } from './watch-manager';
+// ApiBackend loaded dynamically — its dependency chain uses @/src path aliases
+// that only work in Next.js context, not in standalone tsx process
+// import { ApiBackend } from './backends/api-backend';
+import { CliBackend } from './backends/cli-backend';
+import { appendAgentLog, saveWorkspace, saveWorkspaceSync, startAutoSave, stopAutoSave } from './persistence';
+import { hasForgeSkills, installForgeSkills } from './skill-installer';
+import {
+  loadMemory, saveMemory, createMemory, formatMemoryForPrompt,
+  addObservation, addSessionSummary, parseStepToObservations, buildSessionSummary,
+} from './smith-memory';
+import { getFixedSession } from '../project-sessions';
+
+// ─── Workspace Topology Cache ────────────────────────────
+
+export interface TopoAgent {
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  icon: string;
+  role: string;          // full role text
+  roleSummary: string;   // first line, ≤150 chars
+  primary: boolean;
+  dependsOn: string[];   // agent labels (not IDs)
+  dependsOnIds: string[];
+  workDir: string;
+  outputs: string[];
+  steps: string[];       // step labels
+  smithStatus: string;
+  taskStatus: string;
+}
+
+export interface WorkspaceTopo {
+  agents: TopoAgent[];
+  flow: string;          // "Lead → Engineer → QA → Reviewer"
+  updatedAt: number;
+}
+
+// ─── Orchestrator Events ─────────────────────────────────
+
+export type OrchestratorEvent =
+  | WorkerEvent
+  | { type: 'bus_message'; message: BusMessage }
+  | { type: 'approval_required'; agentId: string; upstreamId: string }
+  | { type: 'user_input_request'; agentId: string; fromAgent: string; question: string }
+  | { type: 'workspace_status'; running: number; done: number; total: number }
+  | { type: 'workspace_complete' }
+  | { type: 'watch_alert'; agentId: string; changes: any[]; summary: string; timestamp: number };
+
+// ─── Orchestrator class ──────────────────────────────────
+
+export class WorkspaceOrchestrator extends EventEmitter {
+  readonly workspaceId: string;
+  readonly projectPath: string;
+  readonly projectName: string;
+
+  private agents = new Map<string, { config: WorkspaceAgentConfig; worker: AgentWorker | null; state: AgentState }>();
+  private bus: AgentBus;
+  private watchManager: WatchManager;
+  private sessionMonitor: import('./session-monitor').SessionFileMonitor | null = null;
+  private approvalQueue = new Set<string>();
+  private daemonActive = false;
+  private createdAt = Date.now();
+  private healthCheckTimer: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
+  private settingsValidCache = new Map<string, number>(); // filePath → mtime (validated ok)
+  private agentRunningMsg = new Map<string, string>(); // agentId → messageId currently being processed
+  private reconcileTick = 0; // counts health check ticks for 60s reconcile
+  private _topoCache: WorkspaceTopo | null = null; // cached workspace topology
+  private roleInjectState = new Map<string, { lastInjectAt: number; msgsSinceInject: number }>(); // per-agent role reminder tracking
+
+  /** Emit a log event (auto-persisted via constructor listener) */
+  emitLog(agentId: string, entry: any): void {
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry } as any);
+  }
+
+  constructor(workspaceId: string, projectPath: string, projectName: string) {
+    super();
+    this.workspaceId = workspaceId;
+    this.projectPath = projectPath;
+    this.projectName = projectName;
+    this.bus = new AgentBus();
+    this.watchManager = new WatchManager(workspaceId, projectPath, () => this.agents as any);
+
+    // Auto-persist all log events to disk (so LogPanel can read them)
+    this.on('event', (event: any) => {
+      if (event.type === 'log' && event.agentId && event.entry) {
+        appendAgentLog(this.workspaceId, event.agentId, event.entry).catch(() => {});
+      }
+    });
+    // Handle watch events
+    this.watchManager.on('watch_alert', (event) => {
+      this.emit('event', event);
+      // Push alert to agent history so Log panel shows it
+      const alertEntry = this.agents.get(event.agentId);
+      if (alertEntry && event.entry) {
+        alertEntry.state.history.push(event.entry);
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId: event.agentId, entry: event.entry } as any);
+      }
+      this.handleWatchAlert(event.agentId, event.summary);
+    });
+    // Note: watch_heartbeat (no changes) only logs to console, not to agent history/logs.jsonl
+
+    // Forward bus messages as orchestrator events (after dedup, skip ACKs)
+    this.bus.on('message', (msg: BusMessage) => {
+      if (msg.type === 'ack') return; // ACKs are internal, don't emit to UI
+      if (msg.to === '_system') {
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message', message: msg } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+        return;
+      }
+      this.handleBusMessage(msg);
+    });
+
+    // Start auto-save (every 10 seconds)
+    startAutoSave(workspaceId, () => this.getFullState());
+  }
+
+  // ─── Agent Management ──────────────────────────────────
+
+  /** Check if agent outputs or workDir conflict with existing agents */
+  private validateOutputs(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, excludeId?: string): string | null {
+    if (config.type === 'input') return null;
+
+    const normalize = (p: string) => p.replace(/^\.?\//, '').replace(/\/$/, '') || '.';
+
+    // Validate workDir is within project (no ../ escape)
+    if (config.workDir) {
+      const relativeDir = config.workDir.replace(/^\.?\//, '');
+      if (relativeDir.includes('..')) {
+        return `Work directory "${config.workDir}" contains "..". Must be a subdirectory of the project.`;
+      }
+      const projectRoot = this.projectPath.endsWith('/') ? this.projectPath : this.projectPath + '/';
+      const resolved = resolve(this.projectPath, relativeDir);
+      if (resolved !== this.projectPath && !resolved.startsWith(projectRoot)) {
+        return `Work directory "${config.workDir}" is outside the project. Must be a subdirectory.`;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Every non-input smith must have a unique workDir
+    const newDir = normalize(config.workDir || '.');
+
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === excludeId || entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+
+      const existingDir = normalize(entry.config.workDir || '.');
+
+      // Same workDir → conflict
+      if (newDir === existingDir) {
+        return `Work directory conflict: "${config.label}" and "${entry.config.label}" both use "${newDir === '.' ? 'project root' : newDir}/". Each smith must have a unique work directory.`;
+      }
+
+      // One is parent of the other → conflict (e.g., "src" and "src/components")
+      if (newDir.startsWith(existingDir + '/') || existingDir.startsWith(newDir + '/')) {
+        return `Work directory conflict: "${config.label}" (${newDir}/) overlaps with "${entry.config.label}" (${existingDir}/). Nested directories not allowed.`;
+      }
+
+      // Output path overlap is allowed — multiple agents can write to the same
+      // output directory (e.g., Engineer and UI Designer both output to src/).
+      // Work directory uniqueness already prevents file-level conflicts.
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /** Check for non-blocking output overlaps — returns a warning message if any */
+  private getOutputWarnings(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, excludeId?: string): string | null {
+    if (config.type === 'input' || !config.outputs?.length) return null;
+    const normalize = (p: string) => p.replace(/^\.?\//, '').replace(/\/$/, '') || '.';
+    const overlaps: string[] = [];
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === excludeId || entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      for (const out of config.outputs) {
+        for (const existing of entry.config.outputs || []) {
+          if (normalize(out) === normalize(existing)) {
+            overlaps.push(`${entry.config.label} also outputs to "${out}"`);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return overlaps.length ? `Output overlap (non-blocking): ${overlaps.join('; ')}` : null;
+  }
+
+  /** Detect if adding dependsOn edges would create a cycle in the DAG */
+  private detectCycle(agentId: string, dependsOn: string[]): string | null {
+    // Build adjacency: agent → agents it depends on
+    const deps = new Map<string, string[]>();
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id !== agentId) deps.set(id, [...entry.config.dependsOn]);
+    }
+    deps.set(agentId, [...dependsOn]);
+
+    // DFS cycle detection
+    const visited = new Set<string>();
+    const inStack = new Set<string>();
+
+    const dfs = (node: string): string | null => {
+      if (inStack.has(node)) return node; // cycle found
+      if (visited.has(node)) return null;
+      visited.add(node);
+      inStack.add(node);
+      for (const dep of deps.get(node) || []) {
+        const cycle = dfs(dep);
+        if (cycle) return cycle;
+      }
+      inStack.delete(node);
+      return null;
+    };
+
+    for (const id of deps.keys()) {
+      const cycle = dfs(id);
+      if (cycle) {
+        const cycleName = this.agents.get(cycle)?.config.label || cycle;
+        return `Circular dependency detected involving "${cycleName}". Dependencies must form a DAG (no cycles).`;
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /** Check if agentA is upstream of agentB (A is in B's dependency chain) */
+  isUpstream(agentA: string, agentB: string): boolean {
+    const visited = new Set<string>();
+    const check = (current: string): boolean => {
+      if (current === agentA) return true;
+      if (visited.has(current)) return false;
+      visited.add(current);
+      const entry = this.agents.get(current);
+      if (!entry) return false;
+      return entry.config.dependsOn.some(dep => check(dep));
+    };
+    return check(agentB);
+  }
+
+  /** Get the primary agent for this workspace (if any) */
+  getPrimaryAgent(): { config: WorkspaceAgentConfig; state: AgentState } | null {
+    for (const [, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.primary) return entry;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  addAgent(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): void {
+    const conflict = this.validateOutputs(config);
+    if (conflict) throw new Error(conflict);
+    const warning = this.getOutputWarnings(config);
+    if (warning) console.warn(`[workspace] ${warning}`);
+
+    // Check DAG cycle before adding
+    const cycleErr = this.detectCycle(config.id, config.dependsOn);
+    if (cycleErr) throw new Error(cycleErr);
+
+    // Primary agent validation
+    this.validatePrimaryRules(config);
+
+    const state: AgentState = {
+      smithStatus: 'down',
+      taskStatus: 'idle',
+      history: [],
+      artifacts: [],
+    };
+    // Primary agent: force terminal-only, root dir
+    if (config.primary) {
+      config.persistentSession = true;
+      config.workDir = './';
+    }
+    this.agents.set(config.id, { config, worker: null, state });
+    // If daemon active, start persistent session + worker
+    if (this.daemonActive && config.type !== 'input' && config.persistentSession) {
+      this.enterDaemonListening(config.id);
+      const entry = this.agents.get(config.id)!;
+      entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+      this.ensurePersistentSession(config.id, config).then(() => {
+        this.startMessageLoop(config.id);
+      });
+    }
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  removeAgent(id: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(id);
+    if (entry?.config.primary) throw new Error('Cannot remove the primary agent');
+    if (entry?.worker) {
+      entry.worker.stop();
+    }
+    this.agents.delete(id);
+    this.approvalQueue.delete(id);
+
+    // Clean up dangling dependsOn references in other agents
+    for (const [, other] of this.agents) {
+      const idx = other.config.dependsOn.indexOf(id);
+      if (idx !== -1) {
+        other.config.dependsOn.splice(idx, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  /** Validate primary agent rules */
+  private validatePrimaryRules(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, excludeId?: string): void {
+    if (config.primary) {
+      // Only one primary allowed
+      for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+        if (id !== excludeId && entry.config.primary) {
+          throw new Error(`Only one primary agent allowed. "${entry.config.label}" is already primary.`);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // Non-primary agents cannot use root directory if a primary exists
+    if (!config.primary && config.type !== 'input') {
+      const workDir = config.workDir?.replace(/\/+$/, '') || '';
+      if (!workDir || workDir === '.' || workDir === './') {
+        const primary = this.getPrimaryAgent();
+        if (primary && primary.config.id !== excludeId) {
+          throw new Error(`Root directory is reserved for primary agent "${primary.config.label}". Choose a subdirectory.`);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  updateAgentConfig(id: string, config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(id);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    // Validate agentId exists — fallback to default if deleted from Settings
+    if (config.agentId) {
+      try {
+        const { listAgents, getDefaultAgentId } = require('../agents/index');
+        const validAgents = new Set((listAgents() as any[]).map((a: any) => a.id));
+        if (!validAgents.has(config.agentId)) {
+          const fallback = getDefaultAgentId() || 'claude';
+          console.log(`[workspace] ${config.label}: agent "${config.agentId}" not found, falling back to "${fallback}"`);
+          config.agentId = fallback;
+        }
+      } catch {}
+    }
+    const conflict = this.validateOutputs(config, id);
+    if (conflict) throw new Error(conflict);
+    const warning = this.getOutputWarnings(config, id);
+    if (warning) console.warn(`[workspace] ${warning}`);
+    const cycleErr = this.detectCycle(id, config.dependsOn);
+    if (cycleErr) throw new Error(cycleErr);
+    this.validatePrimaryRules(config, id);
+    // Primary agent: force terminal-only, root dir
+    if (config.primary) {
+      config.persistentSession = true;
+      config.workDir = './';
+    }
+    if (entry.worker && entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+      entry.worker.stop();
+    }
+
+    // If agent CLI changed (claude→codex, etc.), kill old terminal and clear bound session
+    const agentChanged = entry.config.agentId !== config.agentId;
+    if (agentChanged) {
+      console.log(`[workspace] ${config.label}: agent changed ${entry.config.agentId} → ${config.agentId}`);
+      if (entry.state.tmuxSession) {
+        try { execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); } catch {}
+        console.log(`[workspace] ${config.label}: killed tmux session ${entry.state.tmuxSession}`);
+      }
+      entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+      config.boundSessionId = undefined;
+    } else {
+      // Preserve server-managed fields the client doesn't track
+      if (!config.boundSessionId && entry.config.boundSessionId) {
+        config.boundSessionId = entry.config.boundSessionId;
+      }
+    }
+
+    entry.config = config;
+    // Reset status but keep history/artifacts (don't wipe logs)
+    entry.state.taskStatus = 'idle';
+    entry.state.error = undefined;
+    if (entry.worker) {
+      entry.worker.removeAllListeners();
+      entry.worker.stop();
+    }
+    entry.worker = null;
+
+    if (this.daemonActive) {
+      // Set 'starting' BEFORE creating worker — worker.executeDaemon emits 'active' synchronously
+      // which would cause a race: frontend sees active before boundSessionId is ready
+      entry.state.smithStatus = 'starting';
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'starting' } as any);
+      // Restart watch if config changed
+      this.watchManager.startWatch(id, config);
+      this.ensurePersistentSession(id, config).then(() => {
+        const e = this.agents.get(id);
+        if (e) {
+          // Rebuild worker + message loop AFTER session is ready (boundSessionId set)
+          this.enterDaemonListening(id);
+          e.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'active' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+        this.startMessageLoop(id);
+      });
+    }
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId: id, taskStatus: 'idle' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus } as any);
+  }
+
+  getAgentState(id: string): Readonly<AgentState> | undefined {
+    return this.agents.get(id)?.state;
+  }
+
+  getAllAgentStates(): Record<string, AgentState> {
+    const result: Record<string, AgentState> = {};
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      const workerState = entry.worker?.getState();
+      // Merge: worker state for task/smith, entry.state for mode (orchestrator controls mode)
+      result[id] = workerState
+        ? { ...workerState, taskStatus: entry.state.taskStatus, tmuxSession: entry.state.tmuxSession, currentMessageId: entry.state.currentMessageId }
+        : entry.state;
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // ─── Execution ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+  /**
+   * Complete an Input node — set its content and mark as done.
+   * If re-submitted, resets downstream agents so they can re-run.
+   */
+  completeInput(agentId: string, content: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry || entry.config.type !== 'input') return;
+
+    const isUpdate = entry.state.taskStatus === 'done';
+
+    // Append to entries (incremental, not overwrite)
+    if (!entry.config.entries) entry.config.entries = [];
+    entry.config.entries.push({ content, timestamp: Date.now() });
+    // Keep bounded — max 100 entries, oldest removed
+    if (entry.config.entries.length > 100) {
+      entry.config.entries = entry.config.entries.slice(-100);
+    }
+    // Also set content to latest for backward compat
+    entry.config.content = content;
+
+    entry.state.taskStatus = 'done';
+    entry.state.completedAt = Date.now();
+    entry.state.artifacts = [{ type: 'text', summary: content.slice(0, 200) }];
+
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'done' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'done', agentId, summary: 'Input provided' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emitAgentsChanged(); // push updated entries to frontend
+    this.bus.notifyTaskComplete(agentId, [], content.slice(0, 200));
+
+    // Send input_updated messages to downstream agents via bus
+    // routeMessageToAgent handles auto-execution for active smiths
+    for (const [id, downstream] of this.agents) {
+      if (downstream.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      if (!downstream.config.dependsOn.includes(agentId)) continue;
+      this.bus.send(agentId, id, 'notify', {
+        action: 'input_updated',
+        content: content.slice(0, 500),
+      });
+      console.log(`[bus] Input → ${downstream.config.label}: input_updated`);
+    }
+
+    this.saveNow();
+  }
+
+  /** Reset an agent and all its downstream to idle (for re-run) */
+  resetAgent(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    if (entry.worker) entry.worker.stop();
+    entry.worker = null;
+    // Kill orphaned tmux session if manual agent
+    if (entry.state.tmuxSession) {
+      try {
+        const { execSync } = require('node:child_process');
+        execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 });
+        console.log(`[workspace] Killed tmux session ${entry.state.tmuxSession}`);
+      } catch {} // session might already be dead
+    }
+    entry.state = { smithStatus: 'down', taskStatus: 'idle', history: entry.state.history, artifacts: [] };
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'idle' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    this.saveNow();
+  }
+
+  /** Reset all agents that depend on the given agent (recursively) */
+  private resetDownstream(agentId: string, visited = new Set<string>()): void {
+    if (visited.has(agentId)) return; // cycle protection
+    visited.add(agentId);
+
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === agentId) continue;
+      if (!entry.config.dependsOn.includes(agentId)) continue;
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'idle') continue;
+      console.log(`[workspace] Resetting ${entry.config.label} (${id}) to idle (upstream ${agentId} changed)`);
+      if (entry.worker) entry.worker.stop();
+      entry.worker = null;
+      entry.state = { smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus, taskStatus: 'idle', history: entry.state.history, artifacts: [], cliSessionId: entry.state.cliSessionId };
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId: id, taskStatus: 'idle' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+      this.resetDownstream(id, visited);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Validate that an agent can run (sync check). Throws on error. */
+  validateCanRun(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) throw new Error(`Agent "${agentId}" not found`);
+    if (entry.config.type === 'input') return;
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') throw new Error(`Agent "${entry.config.label}" is already running`);
+    for (const depId of entry.config.dependsOn) {
+      const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+      if (!dep) throw new Error(`Dependency "${depId}" not found (deleted?). Edit the agent to fix.`);
+      if (dep.state.taskStatus !== 'done') {
+        const hint = dep.state.taskStatus === 'idle' ? ' (never executed — run it first)'
+          : dep.state.taskStatus === 'failed' ? ' (failed — retry it first)'
+          : dep.state.taskStatus === 'running' ? ' (still running — wait for it to finish)'
+          : '';
+        throw new Error(`Dependency "${dep.config.label}" not completed yet${hint}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Run a specific agent. Requires daemon mode. force=true bypasses status checks (for retry). */
+  async runAgent(agentId: string, userInput?: string, force = false): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.daemonActive) {
+      throw new Error('Start daemon first before running agents');
+    }
+    const label = this.agents.get(agentId)?.config.label || agentId;
+    console.log(`[workspace] runAgent(${label}, force=${force})`, new Error().stack?.split('\n').slice(2, 5).join(' <- '));
+    return this.runAgentDaemon(agentId, userInput, force);
+  }
+
+  /** @deprecated Use runAgent (which now delegates to daemon mode) */
+  private async runAgentLegacy(agentId: string, userInput?: string): Promise<void> {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) throw new Error(`Agent "${agentId}" not found`);
+
+    // Input nodes are completed via completeInput(), not run
+    if (entry.config.type === 'input') {
+      if (userInput) this.completeInput(agentId, userInput);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') return;
+
+    // Allow re-running done/failed/idle(was interrupted)/waiting_approval agents — reset them first
+    let resumeFromCheckpoint = false;
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'done' || entry.state.taskStatus === 'failed' || entry.state.taskStatus === 'idle' || this.approvalQueue.has(agentId)) {
+      this.approvalQueue.delete(agentId);
+      console.log(`[workspace] Re-running ${entry.config.label} (was taskStatus=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+      // For failed: keep lastCheckpoint for resume
+      resumeFromCheckpoint = (entry.state.taskStatus === 'failed')
+        && entry.state.lastCheckpoint !== undefined;
+      if (entry.worker) entry.worker.stop();
+      entry.worker = null;
+      if (!resumeFromCheckpoint) {
+        entry.state = { smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus, taskStatus: 'idle', history: entry.state.history, artifacts: [], cliSessionId: entry.state.cliSessionId };
+      } else {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'idle';
+        entry.state.error = undefined;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const { config } = entry;
+
+    // Check if all dependencies are done
+    for (const depId of config.dependsOn) {
+      const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+      if (!dep || dep.state.taskStatus !== 'done') {
+        throw new Error(`Dependency "${dep?.config.label || depId}" not completed yet`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Build upstream context from dependencies (includes Input node content)
+    let upstreamContext = this.buildUpstreamContext(config);
+    if (userInput) {
+      const prefix = '## Additional Instructions:\n' + userInput;
+      upstreamContext = upstreamContext ? prefix + '\n\n---\n\n' + upstreamContext : prefix;
+    }
+
+    // Create backend
+    const backend = this.createBackend(config, agentId);
+
+    // Create worker with bus callbacks for inter-agent communication
+    // Load agent memory
+    const memory = loadMemory(this.workspaceId, agentId);
+    const memoryContext = formatMemoryForPrompt(memory);
+
+    const peerAgentIds = Array.from(this.agents.keys()).filter(id => id !== agentId);
+    const worker = new AgentWorker({
+      config,
+      backend,
+      projectPath: this.projectPath, workspaceId: this.workspaceId,
+      peerAgentIds,
+      memoryContext: memoryContext || undefined,
+      onBusSend: (to, content) => {
+        this.bus.send(agentId, to, 'notify', { action: 'agent_message', content });
+      },
+      onBusRequest: async (to, question) => {
+        const response = await this.bus.request(agentId, to, { action: 'question', content: question });
+        return response.payload.content || '(no response)';
+      },
+      onMemoryUpdate: (stepResults) => {
+        this.updateAgentMemory(agentId, config, stepResults);
+      },
+    });
+    entry.worker = worker;
+
+    // Forward worker events
+    worker.on('event', (event: WorkerEvent) => {
+      // Sync state
+      entry.state = worker.getState() as AgentState;
+
+      // Persist log entries to disk
+      if (event.type === 'log') {
+        appendAgentLog(this.workspaceId, agentId, event.entry).catch(() => {});
+      }
+
+      this.emit('event', event);
+
+      // Update liveness
+      if (event.type === 'task_status' || event.type === 'smith_status') {
+        this.updateAgentLiveness(agentId);
+      }
+
+      // On step complete → capture observation + notify bus
+      if (event.type === 'step') {
+        const step = config.steps[event.stepIndex];
+        if (step) {
+          this.bus.notifyStepComplete(agentId, step.label);
+
+          // Capture memory observation from the previous step's result
+          const prevStepIdx = event.stepIndex - 1;
+          if (prevStepIdx >= 0) {
+            const prevStep = config.steps[prevStepIdx];
+            const prevResult = entry.state.history
+              .filter(h => h.type === 'result' && h.subtype === 'step_complete')
+              .slice(-1)[0];
+            if (prevResult && prevStep) {
+              const obs = parseStepToObservations(prevStep.label, prevResult.content, entry.state.artifacts);
+              for (const o of obs) {
+                addObservation(this.workspaceId, agentId, config.label, config.role, o).catch(() => {});
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // On done → notify + trigger downstream (or reply to sender if from downstream)
+      if (event.type === 'done') {
+        this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, event.summary);
+
+        this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+        this.checkWorkspaceComplete();
+
+        // Note: no auto-rerun. Bus messages that need re-run go through user approval.
+      }
+
+      // On error → notify bus
+      if (event.type === 'error') {
+        this.bus.notifyError(agentId, event.error);
+        this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Inject only undelivered (pending) bus messages addressed to this agent
+    const pendingMsgs = this.bus.getPendingMessagesFor(agentId)
+      .filter(m => m.from !== agentId); // don't inject own messages
+    for (const msg of pendingMsgs) {
+      const fromLabel = this.agents.get(msg.from)?.config.label || msg.from;
+      worker.injectMessage({
+        type: 'system',
+        subtype: 'bus_message',
+        content: `[From ${fromLabel}]: ${msg.payload.content || msg.payload.action}`,
+        timestamp: new Date(msg.timestamp).toISOString(),
+      });
+      // Mark as delivered + ACK so sender knows it was received
+      msg.status = 'done';
+    }
+
+    // Start from checkpoint if recovering from failure
+    const startStep = resumeFromCheckpoint && entry.state.lastCheckpoint !== undefined
+      ? entry.state.lastCheckpoint + 1
+      : 0;
+
+    this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+
+    // Execute (non-blocking — fire and forget, events handle the rest)
+    worker.execute(startStep, upstreamContext).catch(err => {
+      // Only set failed if worker didn't already handle it (avoid duplicate error events)
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'failed') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'failed';
+        entry.state.error = err?.message || String(err);
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'error', agentId, error: entry.state.error! } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** Run all agents — starts daemon if not active, then runs all ready agents */
+  async runAll(): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.daemonActive) {
+      return this.startDaemon();
+    }
+    const ready = this.getDaemonReadyAgents();
+    await Promise.all(ready.map(id => this.runAgentDaemon(id)));
+  }
+
+  /** Run a single agent in daemon mode. force=true resets failed/interrupted agents. triggerMessageId tracks which bus message started this. */
+  async runAgentDaemon(agentId: string, userInput?: string, force = false, triggerMessageId?: string): Promise<void> {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) throw new Error(`Agent "${agentId}" not found`);
+
+    if (entry.config.type === 'input') {
+      if (userInput) this.completeInput(agentId, userInput);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running' && !force) return;
+    // Already has a daemon worker running → skip (unless force retry)
+    if (entry.worker && entry.state.smithStatus === 'active' && !force) return;
+
+    // Already done → enter daemon listening directly (don't re-run steps)
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'done' && !force) {
+      return this.enterDaemonListening(agentId);
+    }
+
+    if (!force) {
+      // Failed → leave as-is, user must retry explicitly
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'failed') return;
+      // waiting_approval → leave as-is
+      if (this.approvalQueue.has(agentId)) return;
+    }
+
+    // Reset state for fresh start — preserve smithStatus and mode
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'idle') {
+      this.approvalQueue.delete(agentId);
+      if (entry.worker) entry.worker.stop();
+      entry.worker = null;
+      entry.state = {
+        smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus,
+        taskStatus: 'idle',
+        history: [],
+        artifacts: [],
+        cliSessionId: entry.state.cliSessionId, // preserve session for --resume
+      };
+    }
+
+    // Ensure smith is active when daemon starts this agent
+    // Skip if 'starting': ensurePersistentSession is in progress and will set 'active' when done.
+    if (this.daemonActive && entry.state.smithStatus !== 'active' && entry.state.smithStatus !== 'starting') {
+      entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId, smithStatus: 'active' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    }
+
+    const { config } = entry;
+
+    // Check dependencies
+    for (const depId of config.dependsOn) {
+      const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+      if (!dep) throw new Error(`Dependency "${depId}" not found`);
+      if (force) {
+        // Manual trigger: only require upstream smith to be active (online)
+        if (dep.config.type !== 'input' && dep.state.smithStatus !== 'active') {
+          throw new Error(`Dependency "${dep.config.label}" smith is not active — start daemon first`);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Auto trigger: require upstream task completed
+        if (dep.state.taskStatus !== 'done') {
+          throw new Error(`Dependency "${dep.config.label}" not completed yet`);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Role is now injected via buildUpstreamContext (headless) and persistent session preamble (terminal).
+    // No longer writes to CLAUDE.md — project files stay clean when daemon stops.
+
+    let upstreamContext = this.buildUpstreamContext(config);
+    if (userInput) {
+      const prefix = '## Additional Instructions:\n' + userInput;
+      upstreamContext = upstreamContext ? prefix + '\n\n---\n\n' + upstreamContext : prefix;
+    }
+
+    const backend = this.createBackend(config, agentId);
+    const memory = loadMemory(this.workspaceId, agentId);
+    const memoryContext = formatMemoryForPrompt(memory);
+    const peerAgentIds = Array.from(this.agents.keys()).filter(id => id !== agentId);
+
+    const worker = new AgentWorker({
+      config, backend,
+      projectPath: this.projectPath, workspaceId: this.workspaceId,
+      peerAgentIds,
+      memoryContext: memoryContext || undefined,
+      onBusSend: (to, content) => {
+        this.bus.send(agentId, to, 'notify', { action: 'agent_message', content });
+      },
+      onBusRequest: async (to, question) => {
+        const response = await this.bus.request(agentId, to, { action: 'question', content: question });
+        return response.payload.content || '(no response)';
+      },
+      onMessageDone: (messageId) => {
+        const busMsg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (busMsg) {
+          busMsg.status = 'done';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'done' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+      },
+      onMessageFailed: (messageId) => {
+        const busMsg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (busMsg) {
+          busMsg.status = 'failed';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'failed' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+      },
+      onMemoryUpdate: (stepResults) => {
+        try {
+          const observations = stepResults.flatMap((r, i) =>
+            parseStepToObservations(config.steps[i]?.label || `Step ${i}`, r, entry.state.artifacts)
+          );
+          for (const obs of observations) addObservation(this.workspaceId, agentId, config.label, config.role, obs);
+          const stepLabels = config.steps.map(s => s.label);
+          const summary = buildSessionSummary(stepLabels, stepResults, entry.state.artifacts);
+          addSessionSummary(this.workspaceId, agentId, summary);
+        } catch {}
+      },
+    });
+
+    entry.worker = worker;
+
+    // Track trigger message so smith can mark it done/failed on completion
+    if (triggerMessageId) {
+      worker.setProcessingMessage(triggerMessageId);
+    }
+
+    // Forward events (same as runAgent)
+    worker.on('event', (event: WorkerEvent) => {
+      if (event.type === 'task_status') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = event.taskStatus;
+        entry.state.error = event.error;
+        if (event.taskStatus === 'running') entry.state.startedAt = Date.now();
+        const workerState = worker.getState();
+        entry.state.daemonIteration = workerState.daemonIteration;
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'smith_status') {
+        entry.state.smithStatus = event.smithStatus;
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'log') {
+        appendAgentLog(this.workspaceId, agentId, event.entry).catch(() => {});
+      }
+      this.emit('event', event);
+      if (event.type === 'task_status' || event.type === 'smith_status') {
+        this.updateAgentLiveness(agentId);
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'step' && event.stepIndex >= 0) {
+        const step = config.steps[event.stepIndex];
+        if (step) this.bus.notifyStepComplete(agentId, step.label);
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'done') {
+        this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, event.summary);
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'error') {
+        this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+        this.bus.notifyError(agentId, event.error);
+        this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Inject pending messages
+    const pendingMsgs = this.bus.getPendingMessagesFor(agentId)
+      .filter(m => m.from !== agentId);
+    for (const msg of pendingMsgs) {
+      const fromLabel = this.agents.get(msg.from)?.config.label || msg.from;
+      worker.injectMessage({
+        type: 'system', subtype: 'bus_message',
+        content: `[From ${fromLabel}]: ${msg.payload.content || msg.payload.action}`,
+        timestamp: new Date(msg.timestamp).toISOString(),
+      });
+      msg.status = 'done';
+    }
+
+    this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+
+    // Execute in daemon mode (non-blocking)
+    worker.executeDaemon(0, upstreamContext).catch(err => {
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'failed') {
+        this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'failed';
+        entry.state.error = err?.message || String(err);
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'error', agentId, error: entry.state.error! } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** Start all agents in daemon mode — orchestrator manages each smith's lifecycle */
+  async startDaemon(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.daemonActive) return;
+    this.daemonActive = true;
+    console.log(`[workspace] Starting daemon mode...`);
+
+    // Clean up stale state from previous run
+    this.bus.markAllRunningAsFailed();
+
+    // Install forge skills globally (once per daemon start)
+    try {
+      installForgeSkills(this.projectPath, this.workspaceId, '', Number(process.env.PORT) || 8403);
+    } catch {}
+
+    // Validate agent IDs — fallback to default if configured agent was deleted from Settings
+    let defaultAgentId = 'claude';
+    try {
+      const { listAgents, getDefaultAgentId } = await import('../agents/index') as any;
+      const validAgents = new Set((listAgents() as any[]).map(a => a.id));
+      defaultAgentId = getDefaultAgentId() || 'claude';
+      for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+        if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+        if (entry.config.agentId && !validAgents.has(entry.config.agentId)) {
+          console.log(`[daemon] ${entry.config.label}: agent "${entry.config.agentId}" not found, falling back to "${defaultAgentId}"`);
+          entry.config.agentId = defaultAgentId;
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId: id, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'warning', content: `Agent "${entry.config.agentId}" not found in Settings — using default "${defaultAgentId}"`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          this.saveNow();
+        }
+      }
+    } catch {}
+
+    // Start each smith one by one, verify each starts correctly
+    let started = 0;
+    let failed = 0;
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+
+      // Kill any stale worker from previous run
+      if (entry.worker) {
+        entry.worker.stop();
+        entry.worker = null;
+      }
+
+      // Stop any existing message loop
+      this.stopMessageLoop(id);
+
+      try {
+        // 1. Start daemon listening loop (creates worker)
+        this.enterDaemonListening(id);
+
+        // 2. Verify worker was created
+        if (!entry.worker) {
+          throw new Error('Worker not created');
+        }
+
+        // 3. Set smith status — persistent session agents stay 'starting' until ensurePersistentSession completes
+        entry.state.smithStatus = entry.config.persistentSession ? 'starting' : 'active';
+        entry.state.error = undefined;
+
+        // 4. Start message loop (delayed for persistent session agents — session must exist first)
+        if (!entry.config.persistentSession) {
+          this.startMessageLoop(id);
+        }
+
+        // 5. Update liveness for bus routing
+        this.updateAgentLiveness(id);
+
+        // 6. Notify frontend
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus } as any);
+
+        started++;
+        console.log(`[daemon] ✓ ${entry.config.label}: ${entry.state.smithStatus} (task=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        entry.state.smithStatus = 'down';
+        entry.state.error = `Failed to start: ${err.message}`;
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'down' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+        failed++;
+        console.error(`[daemon] ✗ ${entry.config.label}: failed — ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Migration: clean any legacy Forge blocks from CLAUDE.md files (role/topo no longer written to disk)
+    this.cleanLegacyClaudeMdBlocks();
+
+    // Create persistent terminal sessions, then start their message loops
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input' || !entry.config.persistentSession) continue;
+      await this.ensurePersistentSession(id, entry.config);
+      // Set active now that session + boundSessionId are ready
+      if (entry.state.smithStatus === 'starting') {
+        entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'active' } as any);
+      }
+      if (entry.state.smithStatus === 'active') {
+        // Inject role preamble so Claude knows its role (replaces CLAUDE.md writing)
+        if (entry.config.role?.trim()) {
+          const preamble = this.buildRolePreamble(entry.config);
+          if (this.injectIntoSession(id, preamble)) {
+            this.markRoleInjected(id);
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${entry.config.label}: injected role preamble`);
+          }
+        }
+        this.startMessageLoop(id);
+      } else {
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${entry.config.label}: skipped message loop (smith=${entry.state.smithStatus})`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Build workspace topology cache (all smiths can query via MCP get_agents)
+    this.rebuildTopo();
+
+    // Start watch loops for agents with watch config
+    this.watchManager.start();
+
+    // Start session file monitors for agents with known session IDs
+    this.startSessionMonitors().catch(err => console.error('[session-monitor] Failed to start:', err.message));
+
+    // Start health check — monitor all agents every 10s, auto-heal
+    this.startHealthCheck();
+
+    console.log(`[workspace] Daemon started: ${started} smiths active, ${failed} failed`);
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  /** Get agents that can start in daemon mode (idle, done — with deps met) */
+  private getDaemonReadyAgents(): string[] {
+    const ready: string[] = [];
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running' || entry.state.smithStatus === 'active') {
+        console.log(`[daemon]   ${entry.config.label}: already smithStatus=${entry.state.smithStatus} taskStatus=${entry.state.taskStatus}`);
+        continue;
+      }
+      const allDepsDone = entry.config.dependsOn.every(depId => {
+        const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+        return dep && (dep.state.taskStatus === 'done');
+      });
+      if (allDepsDone) {
+        console.log(`[daemon]   ${entry.config.label}: ready (taskStatus=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+        ready.push(id);
+      } else {
+        const unmet = entry.config.dependsOn.filter(d => {
+          const dep = this.agents.get(d);
+          return !dep || (dep.state.taskStatus !== 'done');
+        }).map(d => this.agents.get(d)?.config.label || d);
+        console.log(`[daemon]   ${entry.config.label}: not ready — deps unmet: ${unmet.join(', ')} (taskStatus=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+      }
+    }
+    return ready;
+  }
+
+  /** Put a done agent into daemon listening mode without re-running steps */
+  private enterDaemonListening(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    // Stop existing worker first to prevent duplicate execution
+    if (entry.worker) {
+      entry.worker.removeAllListeners();
+      entry.worker.stop();
+      entry.worker = null;
+    }
+
+    const { config } = entry;
+
+    const backend = this.createBackend(config, agentId);
+    const peerAgentIds = Array.from(this.agents.keys()).filter(id => id !== agentId);
+
+    const worker = new AgentWorker({
+      config, backend,
+      projectPath: this.projectPath, workspaceId: this.workspaceId,
+      peerAgentIds,
+      initialTaskStatus: entry.state.taskStatus, // preserve current task status
+      onBusSend: (to, content) => {
+        this.bus.send(agentId, to, 'notify', { action: 'agent_message', content });
+      },
+      onBusRequest: async (to, question) => {
+        const response = await this.bus.request(agentId, to, { action: 'question', content: question });
+        return response.payload.content || '(no response)';
+      },
+      onMessageDone: (messageId) => {
+        const busMsg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (busMsg) {
+          busMsg.status = 'done';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'done' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+      },
+      onMessageFailed: (messageId) => {
+        const busMsg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (busMsg) {
+          busMsg.status = 'failed';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'failed' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+      },
+    });
+
+    entry.worker = worker;
+
+    // Forward events (same handler as runAgentDaemon)
+    worker.on('event', (event: WorkerEvent) => {
+      if (event.type === 'task_status') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = event.taskStatus;
+        entry.state.error = event.error;
+        const workerState = worker.getState();
+        entry.state.daemonIteration = workerState.daemonIteration;
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'smith_status') {
+        entry.state.smithStatus = event.smithStatus;
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'log') {
+        appendAgentLog(this.workspaceId, agentId, event.entry).catch(() => {});
+      }
+      this.emit('event', event);
+      if (event.type === 'task_status' || event.type === 'smith_status') {
+        this.updateAgentLiveness(agentId);
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'done') {
+        this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, event.summary);
+      }
+      if (event.type === 'error') {
+        this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+        this.bus.notifyError(agentId, event.error);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Message loop (startMessageLoop) handles auto-consumption of pending messages
+
+    console.log(`[workspace] Agent "${config.label}" entering daemon listening (task=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+
+    // executeDaemon with skipSteps=true → goes directly to listening loop
+    worker.executeDaemon(0, undefined, true).catch(err => {
+      console.error(`[workspace] enterDaemonListening error for ${config.label}:`, err.message);
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** Stop all agents (exit daemon mode) */
+  /** Stop all agents — orchestrator shuts down each smith */
+  stopDaemon(): void {
+    this.daemonActive = false;
+    console.log('[workspace] Stopping daemon...');
+
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+
+      // 1. Stop message loop
+      this.stopMessageLoop(id);
+
+      // 2. Stop worker
+      if (entry.worker) {
+        entry.worker.stop();
+        entry.worker = null;
+      }
+
+      // 2b. For persistent sessions: send /clear to reset Claude's context if user is attached.
+      // This is a Claude Code slash command — no LLM call, just a local context reset.
+      if (entry.state.tmuxSession && entry.config.role?.trim()) {
+        let isAttached = false;
+        try {
+          const info = execSync(`tmux display-message -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" -p "#{session_attached}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000, encoding: 'utf-8' }).trim();
+          isAttached = info !== '0';
+        } catch {}
+        if (isAttached) {
+          try { this.injectIntoSession(id, '/clear'); } catch {}
+        }
+      }
+      this.roleInjectState.delete(id);
+
+      // 3. Kill tmux session (skip if user is attached to it)
+      if (entry.state.tmuxSession) {
+        let isAttached = false;
+        try {
+          const info = execSync(`tmux display-message -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" -p "#{session_attached}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000, encoding: 'utf-8' }).trim();
+          isAttached = info !== '0';
+        } catch {}
+        if (isAttached) {
+          console.log(`[daemon] ${entry.config.label}: tmux session attached by user, not killing`);
+        } else {
+          try { execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); } catch {}
+        }
+        entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+      }
+
+      // 4. Set smith down, reset running tasks
+      entry.state.smithStatus = 'down';
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'idle';
+      }
+      entry.state.error = undefined;
+      this.updateAgentLiveness(id);
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'down' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+
+      console.log(`[daemon] ■ ${entry.config.label}: stopped`);
+    }
+
+    // Mark running messages as failed
+    this.bus.markAllRunningAsFailed();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    this.watchManager.stop();
+    this.stopAllTerminalMonitors();
+    if (this.sessionMonitor) { this.sessionMonitor.stopAll(); this.sessionMonitor = null; }
+    this.stopHealthCheck();
+    this.forgeActedMessages.clear();
+    this.busMarkerScanned.clear();
+    this.forgeAgentStartTime = 0;
+    this.agentRunningMsg.clear();
+    this.reconcileTick = 0;
+    console.log('[workspace] Daemon stopped');
+  }
+
+  // ─── Hook-based completion ─────────────────────────────
+
+  /** Called by Claude Code Stop hook via HTTP — agent finished a turn */
+  handleHookDone(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    if (!this.daemonActive) return;
+
+    console.log(`[hook] ${entry.config.label}: Stop hook → done (was ${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+    entry.state.taskStatus = 'done';
+    entry.state.completedAt = Date.now();
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'done' } as any);
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'hook_done', content: 'Claude Code Stop hook: turn completed', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+    this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, 'Stop hook');
+    this.sessionMonitor?.resetState(agentId);
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  // ─── Session File Monitor ──────────────────────────────
+
+  private async startSessionMonitors(): Promise<void> {
+    console.log('[session-monitor] Initializing...');
+    const { SessionFileMonitor } = await import('./session-monitor');
+    this.sessionMonitor = new SessionFileMonitor();
+
+    // Listen for state changes from session file monitor
+    this.sessionMonitor.on('stateChange', (event: any) => {
+      const entry = this.agents.get(event.agentId);
+      if (!entry) {
+        console.log(`[session-monitor] stateChange: agent ${event.agentId} not found in map`);
+        return;
+      }
+      console.log(`[session-monitor] stateChange: ${entry.config.label} ${event.state} (current taskStatus=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+
+      if (event.state === 'running' && entry.state.taskStatus !== 'running') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'running';
+        console.log(`[session-monitor] → emitting task_status=running for ${entry.config.label}`);
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId: event.agentId, taskStatus: 'running' } as any);
+        this.emitAgentsChanged();
+      }
+
+      if (event.state === 'done' && entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+        entry.state.taskStatus = 'done';
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId: event.agentId, taskStatus: 'done' } as any);
+        console.log(`[session-monitor] ${event.agentId}: done — ${event.detail || 'turn completed'}`);
+        this.handleAgentDone(event.agentId, entry, event.detail);
+        this.emitAgentsChanged();
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Start monitors for all agents with known session IDs
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      await this.startAgentSessionMonitor(id, entry.config);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async startAgentSessionMonitor(agentId: string, config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.sessionMonitor) return;
+
+    // Determine session file path
+    let sessionId: string | undefined;
+
+    if (config.primary) {
+      sessionId = getFixedSession(this.projectPath);
+      console.log(`[session-monitor] ${config.label}: primary fixedSession=${sessionId || 'NONE'}`);
+    } else {
+      sessionId = config.boundSessionId;
+      console.log(`[session-monitor] ${config.label}: boundSession=${sessionId || 'NONE'}`);
+    }
+
+    if (!sessionId) {
+      // Try to auto-bind from session files on disk
+      sessionId = this.getLatestSessionId(config.workDir);
+      if (sessionId && !config.primary) {
+        config.boundSessionId = sessionId;
+        this.saveNow();
+        console.log(`[session-monitor] ${config.label}: auto-bound to ${sessionId}`);
+      }
+      if (!sessionId) {
+        console.log(`[session-monitor] ${config.label}: no sessionId, skipping`);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const { SessionFileMonitor } = await import('./session-monitor');
+    const filePath = SessionFileMonitor.resolveSessionPath(this.projectPath, config.workDir, sessionId);
+    this.sessionMonitor.startMonitoring(agentId, filePath);
+  }
+
+  // ─── Health Check — auto-heal agents ─────────────────
+
+  private startHealthCheck(): void {
+    if (this.healthCheckTimer) return;
+    this.healthCheckTimer = setInterval(() => this.runHealthCheck(), 10_000);
+    this.healthCheckTimer.unref();
+  }
+
+  private stopHealthCheck(): void {
+    if (this.healthCheckTimer) {
+      clearInterval(this.healthCheckTimer);
+      this.healthCheckTimer = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private runHealthCheck(): void {
+    if (!this.daemonActive) return;
+
+    // Every 60s (6 ticks × 10s): reconcile agentRunningMsg cache with actual bus log
+    this.reconcileTick++;
+    if (this.reconcileTick >= 6) {
+      this.reconcileTick = 0;
+      const log = this.bus.getLog();
+      for (const [agentId, messageId] of this.agentRunningMsg) {
+        const msg = log.find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (!msg || msg.status !== 'running') {
+          console.log(`[health] reconcile: clearing stale agentRunningMsg for ${agentId} (msg=${messageId.slice(0, 8)}, status=${msg?.status || 'not found'})`);
+          this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+
+      // Check 1: Worker should exist for all active agents
+      if (!entry.worker) {
+        console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: no worker — recreating`);
+        this.enterDaemonListening(id);
+        entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'active' } as any);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Check 2: SmithStatus should be active
+      // Skip: 'starting' means ensurePersistentSession is in progress — overriding would race with it.
+      if (entry.state.smithStatus !== 'active' && entry.state.smithStatus !== 'starting') {
+        console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: smith=${entry.state.smithStatus} — setting active`);
+        entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId: id, smithStatus: 'active' } as any);
+      }
+
+      // Check 3: Message loop should be running
+      if (!this.messageLoopTimers.has(id)) {
+        console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: message loop stopped — restarting`);
+        this.startMessageLoop(id);
+      }
+
+      // Check 4: Stale running messages (agent not actually running) → mark failed
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'running') {
+        const staleRunning = this.bus.getLog().filter(m => m.to === id && m.status === 'running' && m.type !== 'ack');
+        for (const m of staleRunning) {
+          const age = Date.now() - m.timestamp;
+          if (age > 60_000) { // running for 60s+ but agent is idle = stale
+            console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: stale running message ${m.id.slice(0, 8)} (${Math.round(age/1000)}s) — marking failed`);
+            m.status = 'failed';
+            this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'failed' } as any);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Check 5: Pending messages but agent idle — try wake
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'running') {
+        const pending = this.bus.getPendingMessagesFor(id).filter(m => m.from !== id && m.type !== 'ack');
+        if (pending.length > 0 && entry.worker?.isListening()) {
+          // Message loop should handle this, but if it didn't, log it
+          const age = Date.now() - pending[0].timestamp;
+          if (age > 30_000) { // stuck for 30+ seconds
+            console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: ${pending.length} pending msg(s) stuck for ${Math.round(age/1000)}s — message loop should pick up`);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Check 6: persistentSession agent without tmux → auto-restart terminal
+      // Skip if smithStatus='starting': ensurePersistentSession is already in progress.
+      if (entry.config.persistentSession && !entry.state.tmuxSession && entry.state.smithStatus === 'active') {
+        console.log(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: persistentSession but no tmux — restarting terminal`);
+        this.ensurePersistentSession(id, entry.config).catch(err => {
+          console.error(`[health] ${entry.config.label}: failed to restart terminal: ${err.message}`);
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    // ── Forge Agent: autonomous bus monitor ──
+    this.runForgeAgentCheck();
+  }
+
+  // Track which messages Forge agent already acted on (avoid duplicate nudges)
+  private forgeActedMessages = new Set<string>();
+  private forgeAgentStartTime = 0;
+
+  /** Forge agent scans bus for actionable states (only recent messages) */
+  private runForgeAgentCheck(): void {
+    if (!this.forgeAgentStartTime) this.forgeAgentStartTime = Date.now();
+    const log = this.bus.getLog();
+    const now = Date.now();
+
+    // Pre-build reply index: "from→to" → latest non-ack message timestamp (only after daemon start)
+    // Used for O(1) hasReply lookups instead of O(n) log.some() per message
+    const replyIndex = new Map<string, number>();
+    for (const r of log) {
+      if (r.timestamp < this.forgeAgentStartTime) continue;
+      if (r.type === 'ack') continue;
+      const key = `${r.from}→${r.to}`;
+      if ((replyIndex.get(key) || 0) < r.timestamp) replyIndex.set(key, r.timestamp);
+    }
+
+    // Only scan messages from after daemon start (skip all history)
+    for (const msg of log) {
+      if (msg.timestamp < this.forgeAgentStartTime) continue;
+      if (msg.type === 'ack' || msg.from === '_forge') continue;
+      if (this.forgeActedMessages.has(msg.id)) continue;
+
+      // Case 1: Message done but no reply from target → ask target to send summary (once per pair)
+      // Skip notification-only messages that don't need replies
+      if (msg.status === 'done') {
+        const action = msg.payload?.action;
+        if (action === 'upstream_complete' || action === 'task_complete' || action === 'ack') { this.forgeActedMessages.add(msg.id); continue; }
+        if (msg.from === '_system' || msg.from === '_watch') { this.forgeActedMessages.add(msg.id); continue; }
+        const age = now - msg.timestamp;
+        if (age < 30_000) continue;
+
+        // Dedup by target→sender pair (only nudge once per relationship)
+        const nudgeKey = `nudge-${msg.to}->${msg.from}`;
+        if (this.forgeActedMessages.has(nudgeKey)) { this.forgeActedMessages.add(msg.id); continue; }
+
+        const hasReply = (replyIndex.get(`${msg.to}→${msg.from}`) || 0) > msg.timestamp;
+        if (!hasReply) {
+          const senderLabel = this.agents.get(msg.from)?.config.label || msg.from;
+          const targetEntry = this.agents.get(msg.to);
+          if (targetEntry && targetEntry.state.smithStatus === 'active') {
+            this.bus.send('_forge', msg.to, 'notify', {
+              action: 'info_request',
+              content: `[IMPORTANT] You finished a task requested by ${senderLabel} but did not send them the results. You MUST call the MCP tool "send_message" (NOT the forge-send skill) with to="${senderLabel}" and include a summary of what you did and the outcome. Do not do any other work until you have sent this reply.`,
+            });
+            this.forgeActedMessages.add(msg.id);
+            this.forgeActedMessages.add(nudgeKey);
+            console.log(`[forge-agent] Nudged ${targetEntry.config.label} to reply to ${senderLabel} (once)`);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Case 2: Message running too long (>5min) → log warning
+      if (msg.status === 'running') {
+        const age = now - msg.timestamp;
+        if (age > 300_000 && !this.forgeActedMessages.has(`running-${msg.id}`)) {
+          const targetLabel = this.agents.get(msg.to)?.config.label || msg.to;
+          console.log(`[forge-agent] Warning: ${targetLabel} has been running message ${msg.id.slice(0, 8)} for ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min`);
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId: msg.to, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'warning', content: `Message running for ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min — may be stuck`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          this.forgeActedMessages.add(`running-${msg.id}`);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Case 3: Pending too long (>2min) → try to restart message loop
+      if (msg.status === 'pending') {
+        const age = now - msg.timestamp;
+        if (age > 120_000 && !this.forgeActedMessages.has(`pending-${msg.id}`)) {
+          const targetEntry = this.agents.get(msg.to);
+          const targetLabel = targetEntry?.config.label || msg.to;
+
+          // If agent is active but not running a task, restart message loop
+          if (targetEntry && targetEntry.state.smithStatus === 'active' && targetEntry.state.taskStatus !== 'running') {
+            if (!this.messageLoopTimers.has(msg.to)) {
+              this.startMessageLoop(msg.to);
+              console.log(`[forge-agent] Restarted message loop for ${targetLabel} (pending ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min)`);
+            } else {
+              console.log(`[forge-agent] ${targetLabel} has pending message ${msg.id.slice(0, 8)} for ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min — loop running but not consuming`);
+            }
+          }
+
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId: msg.to, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'warning', content: `Pending message from ${this.agents.get(msg.from)?.config.label || msg.from} waiting for ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          this.forgeActedMessages.add(`pending-${msg.id}`);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Case 4: Failed → notify sender (once per sender→target pair)
+      if (msg.status === 'failed') {
+        const failKey = `failed-${msg.from}->${msg.to}`;
+        if (!this.forgeActedMessages.has(failKey)) {
+          const senderEntry = this.agents.get(msg.from);
+          const targetLabel = this.agents.get(msg.to)?.config.label || msg.to;
+          if (senderEntry && msg.from !== '_forge' && msg.from !== '_system') {
+            this.bus.send('_forge', msg.from, 'notify', {
+              action: 'update_notify',
+              content: `Your message to ${targetLabel} has failed. You may want to retry or take a different approach.`,
+            });
+            console.log(`[forge-agent] Notified ${senderEntry.config.label} that message to ${targetLabel} failed (once)`);
+          }
+          this.forgeActedMessages.add(failKey);
+        }
+        this.forgeActedMessages.add(`failed-${msg.id}`);
+      }
+
+      // Case 5: Pending approval too long (>5min) → log reminder
+      if (msg.status === 'pending_approval') {
+        const age = now - msg.timestamp;
+        if (age > 300_000 && !this.forgeActedMessages.has(`approval-${msg.id}`)) {
+          const targetLabel = this.agents.get(msg.to)?.config.label || msg.to;
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId: msg.to, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'warning', content: `Message awaiting approval for ${Math.round(age / 60000)}min — requires manual action`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          this.forgeActedMessages.add(`approval-${msg.id}`);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Handle watch alert based on agent's configured action */
+  private handleWatchAlert(agentId: string, summary: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    const action = entry.config.watch?.action || 'log';
+
+    if (action === 'log') {
+      // Already logged by watch-manager, nothing more to do
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (action === 'analyze') {
+      // Auto-wake agent to analyze changes (skip if busy/manual)
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+        console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: skipped analyze (task=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!entry.worker?.isListening()) {
+        console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: skipped analyze (worker=${!!entry.worker} listening=${entry.worker?.isListening()})`);
+        return;
+      }
+      console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: triggering analyze`);
+
+      const prompt = entry.config.watch?.prompt || 'Analyze the following changes and produce a report:';
+      const logEntry = {
+        type: 'system' as const,
+        subtype: 'watch_trigger',
+        content: `[Watch] ${prompt}\n\n${summary}`,
+        timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+      };
+      entry.worker.wake({ type: 'bus_message', messages: [logEntry] });
+      console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: auto-analyzing detected changes`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (action === 'approve') {
+      // Create message with pending_approval status — user must approve to execute
+      const msg = this.bus.send('_watch', agentId, 'notify', {
+        action: 'watch_changes',
+        content: `Watch detected changes (awaiting approval):\n${summary}`,
+      });
+      msg.status = 'pending_approval';
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: msg.id, status: 'pending_approval' } as any);
+      console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: changes detected, awaiting approval`);
+    }
+
+    if (action === 'send_message') {
+      const targetId = entry.config.watch?.sendTo;
+      if (!targetId) {
+        console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: send_message but no sendTo configured`);
+        return;
+      }
+      const targetEntry = this.agents.get(targetId);
+      if (!targetEntry) {
+        console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: sendTo agent ${targetId} not found`);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const prompt = entry.config.watch?.prompt;
+      // For terminal injection: send the configured prompt directly (pattern is the trigger, not the payload)
+      // If no prompt configured, send the summary
+      const message = prompt || summary;
+
+      // Try to inject directly into an open terminal session
+      // Verify stored session is alive, clear if dead
+      if (targetEntry.state.tmuxSession) {
+        try { execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${targetEntry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); }
+        catch { targetEntry.state.tmuxSession = undefined; }
+      }
+      const tmuxSession = targetEntry.state.tmuxSession || this.findTmuxSession(targetEntry.config.label);
+      if (tmuxSession) {
+        try {
+          const tmpFile = `/tmp/forge-watch-${Date.now()}.txt`;
+          writeFileSync(tmpFile, message);
+          execSync(`tmux load-buffer ${tmpFile}`, { timeout: 5000 });
+          execSync(`tmux paste-buffer -t "${tmuxSession}" && sleep 0.2 && tmux send-keys -t "${tmuxSession}" Enter`, { timeout: 5000 });
+          try { unlinkSync(tmpFile); } catch {}
+          console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label} → ${targetEntry.config.label}: injected into terminal (${tmuxSession})`);
+        } catch (err: any) {
+          console.error(`[watch] Terminal inject failed: ${err.message}, falling back to bus`);
+          this.bus.send(agentId, targetId, 'notify', { action: 'watch_alert', content: message });
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // No terminal open — send via bus (will start new session)
+      const hasPendingFromWatch = this.bus.getLog().some(m =>
+        m.from === agentId && m.to === targetId &&
+        (m.status === 'pending' || m.status === 'running' || m.status === 'pending_approval') &&
+        m.type !== 'ack'
+      );
+      if (hasPendingFromWatch) {
+        console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label}: skipping bus send — target still processing`);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this.bus.send(agentId, targetId, 'notify', { action: 'watch_alert', content: message });
+      console.log(`[watch] ${entry.config.label} → ${targetEntry.config.label}: sent via bus`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Check if daemon mode is active */
+  isDaemonActive(): boolean {
+    return this.daemonActive;
+  }
+
+  /** Pause a running agent */
+  pauseAgent(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    entry?.worker?.pause();
+  }
+
+  /** Resume a paused agent */
+  resumeAgent(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    entry?.worker?.resume();
+  }
+
+  /** Stop a running agent */
+  /** Mark agent task as done (user manually confirms completion) */
+  markAgentDone(agentId: string, notify: boolean): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    // Mark running inbox messages as done
+    const runningMsgs = this.bus.getLog().filter(m => m.to === agentId && m.status === 'running' && m.type !== 'ack');
+    for (const m of runningMsgs) {
+      m.status = 'done' as any;
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'done' } as any);
+    }
+
+    entry.state.taskStatus = notify ? 'done' : 'idle';
+    entry.state.completedAt = Date.now();
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: entry.state.taskStatus } as any);
+    if (notify) {
+      this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, 'Manually marked done');
+    }
+    this.sessionMonitor?.resetState(agentId);
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    console.log(`[workspace] ${entry.config.label}: manually marked ${notify ? 'done' : 'idle'} (${runningMsgs.length} messages completed)`);
+  }
+
+  /** Mark agent task as failed (user manually marks failure) */
+  markAgentFailed(agentId: string, notify: boolean): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    // Mark running inbox messages as failed
+    const runningMsgs = this.bus.getLog().filter(m => m.to === agentId && m.status === 'running' && m.type !== 'ack');
+    for (const m of runningMsgs) {
+      m.status = 'failed' as any;
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'failed' } as any);
+    }
+
+    entry.state.taskStatus = 'failed';
+    entry.state.error = 'Manually marked as failed';
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'failed' } as any);
+    if (notify) {
+      this.bus.notifyTaskComplete(agentId, [], 'Task failed');
+    }
+    this.sessionMonitor?.resetState(agentId);
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    console.log(`[workspace] ${entry.config.label}: manually marked failed (${runningMsgs.length} messages failed)`);
+  }
+
+  /** Legacy stop — for headless mode */
+  stopAgent(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    if (entry.config.persistentSession) {
+      this.markAgentDone(agentId, false);
+    } else {
+      entry.worker?.stop();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Retry a failed agent from its last checkpoint */
+  async retryAgent(agentId: string): Promise<void> {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) throw new Error(`Agent "${agentId}" not found`);
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+      throw new Error(`Agent "${entry.config.label}" is already running`);
+    }
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'failed') {
+      throw new Error(`Agent "${entry.config.label}" is ${entry.state.taskStatus}, not failed`);
+    }
+    // force=true: skip dep taskStatus check, only require upstream smith active
+    await this.runAgent(agentId, undefined, true);
+  }
+
+  /** Send a message to a running agent (human intervention) */
+  /** Send a message to a smith — becomes a pending inbox message, processed by message loop */
+  sendMessageToAgent(agentId: string, content: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    // Send via bus → becomes pending inbox message → message loop will consume it
+    this.bus.send('user', agentId, 'notify', {
+      action: 'user_message',
+      content,
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** Approve a waiting agent to start execution */
+  approveAgent(agentId: string): void {
+    if (!this.approvalQueue.has(agentId)) return;
+    this.approvalQueue.delete(agentId);
+    this.runAgent(agentId).catch(() => {});
+  }
+
+  /** Save tmux session name for an agent (for reattach after refresh) */
+  setTmuxSession(agentId: string, sessionName: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    entry.state.tmuxSession = sessionName;
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  clearTmuxSession(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+    // Reset session monitor warmup so it doesn't immediately trigger running on restart
+    this.sessionMonitor?.resetState(agentId);
+    this.saveNow();
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  /** Record that an agent has an open terminal (tmux session tracking) */
+  setManualMode(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+    // tmuxSession is set separately when terminal opens
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    this.saveNow();
+    console.log(`[workspace] Agent "${entry.config.label}" terminal opened`);
+  }
+
+  /** Called when agent's terminal is closed */
+  restartAgentDaemon(agentId: string): void {
+    if (!this.daemonActive) return;
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry || entry.config.type === 'input') return;
+
+    entry.state.error = undefined;
+    // Don't clear tmuxSession here — it may still be alive (persistent session)
+    // Terminal close just means the UI panel is closed, not necessarily tmux killed
+
+    // Recreate worker if needed
+    if (!entry.worker) {
+      this.enterDaemonListening(agentId);
+      this.startMessageLoop(agentId);
+    }
+
+    entry.state.smithStatus = 'active';
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId, smithStatus: 'active' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+  }
+
+  /** Complete an agent from terminal — called by forge-done skill */
+  completeManualAgent(agentId: string, changedFiles: string[]): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    entry.state.taskStatus = 'done';
+    entry.state.completedAt = Date.now();
+    entry.state.artifacts = changedFiles.map(f => ({ type: 'file' as const, path: f }));
+
+    console.log(`[workspace] Manual agent "${entry.config.label}" marked done. ${changedFiles.length} files changed.`);
+
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'done' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'done', agentId, summary: `Manual: ${changedFiles.length} files changed` } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    this.emitAgentsChanged();
+
+    // Notify ALL agents that depend on this one (not just direct downstream)
+    this.bus.notifyTaskComplete(agentId, changedFiles, `Manual work: ${changedFiles.length} files`);
+
+    // Send individual bus messages to all downstream agents so they know
+    for (const [id, other] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === agentId || other.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      if (other.config.dependsOn.includes(agentId)) {
+        this.bus.send(agentId, id, 'notify', {
+          action: 'update_notify',
+          content: `${entry.config.label} completed manual work: ${changedFiles.length} files changed`,
+          files: changedFiles,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (this.daemonActive) {
+      this.broadcastCompletion(agentId);
+    }
+    this.notifyDownstreamForRevalidation(agentId, changedFiles);
+    this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+    this.checkWorkspaceComplete();
+    this.saveNow();
+  }
+
+  /** Reject an approval (set agent back to idle) */
+  rejectApproval(agentId: string): void {
+    this.approvalQueue.delete(agentId);
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (entry) {
+      entry.state.taskStatus = 'idle';
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'idle' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // ─── Bus Access ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+  getBus(): AgentBus {
+    return this.bus;
+  }
+
+  getBusLog(): readonly BusMessage[] {
+    return this.bus.getLog();
+  }
+
+  // ─── State Snapshot (for persistence) ──────────────────
+
+  /** Get full workspace state for auto-save */
+  getFullState(): WorkspaceState {
+    return {
+      id: this.workspaceId,
+      projectPath: this.projectPath,
+      projectName: this.projectName,
+      agents: Array.from(this.agents.values()).map(e => e.config),
+      agentStates: this.getAllAgentStates(),
+      nodePositions: {},
+      busLog: [...this.bus.getLog()],
+      busOutbox: this.bus.getAllOutbox(),
+      createdAt: this.createdAt,
+      updatedAt: Date.now(),
+    };
+  }
+
+  getSnapshot(): {
+    agents: WorkspaceAgentConfig[];
+    agentStates: Record<string, AgentState>;
+    busLog: BusMessage[];
+    daemonActive: boolean;
+  } {
+    return {
+      agents: Array.from(this.agents.values()).map(e => e.config),
+      agentStates: this.getAllAgentStates(),
+      busLog: [...this.bus.getLog()],
+      daemonActive: this.daemonActive,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** Restore from persisted state */
+  loadSnapshot(data: {
+    agents: WorkspaceAgentConfig[];
+    agentStates: Record<string, AgentState>;
+    busLog: BusMessage[];
+    busOutbox?: Record<string, BusMessage[]>;
+  }): void {
+    this.agents.clear();
+    this.daemonActive = false; // Reset daemon — user must click Start Daemon again after restart
+    for (const config of data.agents) {
+      const state = data.agentStates[config.id] || { smithStatus: 'down' as const, taskStatus: 'idle' as const, history: [], artifacts: [] };
+
+      // Migrate old format if loading from pre-two-layer state
+      if ('status' in state && !('smithStatus' in state)) {
+        const oldStatus = (state as any).status;
+        (state as any).smithStatus = 'down';
+        (state as any).taskStatus = (oldStatus === 'running' || oldStatus === 'listening') ? 'idle' :
+                       (oldStatus === 'interrupted') ? 'idle' :
+                       (oldStatus === 'waiting_approval') ? 'idle' :
+                       (oldStatus === 'paused') ? 'idle' :
+                       oldStatus;
+        delete (state as any).status;
+        delete (state as any).runMode;
+        delete (state as any).daemonMode;
+      }
+
+      // Mark running agents as failed (interrupted by restart)
+      if (state.taskStatus === 'running') {
+        state.taskStatus = 'failed';
+        state.error = 'Interrupted by restart';
+      }
+      // Smith is down after restart (no daemon loop running)
+      state.smithStatus = 'down';
+      state.daemonIteration = undefined;
+      this.agents.set(config.id, { config, worker: null, state });
+    }
+    this.bus.loadLog(data.busLog);
+    if (data.busOutbox) {
+      this.bus.loadOutbox(data.busOutbox);
+    }
+
+    // Mark all pending messages as failed (they were lost on shutdown)
+    // Users can retry agents manually if needed
+    // Running messages from before crash → failed (pending stays pending for retry)
+    this.bus.markAllRunningAsFailed();
+
+    // Initialize liveness for all loaded agents so bus delivery works
+    for (const [agentId] of this.agents) {
+      this.updateAgentLiveness(agentId);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Stop all agents, save final state, and clean up */
+  shutdown(): void {
+    this.daemonActive = false;
+    this.stopHealthCheck();
+    this.stopAllMessageLoops();
+    stopAutoSave(this.workspaceId);
+    // Sync save — must complete before process exits
+    try { saveWorkspaceSync(this.getFullState()); } catch (err) {
+      console.error(`[workspace] Failed to save on shutdown:`, err);
+    }
+    for (const [, entry] of this.agents) {
+      entry.worker?.stop();
+    }
+    this.bus.clear();
+  }
+
+  // ─── Private ───────────────────────────────────────────
+
+  /** Rebuild workspace topology cache — called on agent changes and daemon start */
+  private rebuildTopo(): void {
+    // Topological sort
+    const sorted: WorkspaceAgentConfig[] = [];
+    const visited = new Set<string>();
+    const entries = Array.from(this.agents.values()).filter(e => e.config.type !== 'input');
+    const configMap = new Map(entries.map(e => [e.config.id, e.config]));
+
+    const visit = (id: string) => {
+      if (visited.has(id)) return;
+      visited.add(id);
+      const c = configMap.get(id);
+      if (!c) return;
+      for (const dep of c.dependsOn) visit(dep);
+      sorted.push(c);
+    };
+    for (const e of entries) visit(e.config.id);
+
+    const agents: TopoAgent[] = sorted.map(c => {
+      const state = this.agents.get(c.id)?.state;
+      return {
+        id: c.id,
+        label: c.label,
+        icon: c.icon,
+        role: c.role || '',
+        roleSummary: (c.role || '').split('\n')[0].slice(0, 150),
+        primary: !!c.primary,
+        dependsOn: c.dependsOn.map(d => this.agents.get(d)?.config.label || d),
+        dependsOnIds: [...c.dependsOn],
+        workDir: c.workDir || './',
+        outputs: c.outputs || [],
+        steps: (c.steps || []).map(s => s.label),
+        smithStatus: state?.smithStatus || 'down',
+        taskStatus: state?.taskStatus || 'idle',
+      };
+    });
+
+    this._topoCache = {
+      agents,
+      flow: sorted.map(c => c.label).join(' → '),
+      updatedAt: Date.now(),
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** Get cached workspace topology (always fresh — rebuilt on every agent change) */
+  getWorkspaceTopo(): WorkspaceTopo {
+    if (!this._topoCache) this.rebuildTopo();
+    return this._topoCache!;
+  }
+
+  /** Remove stale Forge blocks from all agents' CLAUDE.md files (migration cleanup).
+   *  Role is no longer written to CLAUDE.md — this just removes legacy artifacts. */
+  private cleanLegacyClaudeMdBlocks(): void {
+    const roleRegex = /<!-- forge:agent-role -->[\s\S]*?<!-- \/forge:agent-role -->\n?/;
+    const topoRegex = /<!-- forge:workspace-topo -->[\s\S]*?<!-- \/forge:workspace-topo -->\n?/;
+
+    for (const [, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      const workDir = join(this.projectPath, entry.config.workDir || '');
+      const claudeMdPath = join(workDir, 'CLAUDE.md');
+      if (!existsSync(claudeMdPath)) continue;
+
+      try {
+        let content = readFileSync(claudeMdPath, 'utf-8');
+        const before = content;
+        if (roleRegex.test(content)) content = content.replace(roleRegex, '');
+        if (topoRegex.test(content)) content = content.replace(topoRegex, '');
+        if (content !== before) {
+          content = content.trimEnd() + (content.trim() ? '\n' : '');
+          if (content.trim()) writeFileSync(claudeMdPath, content);
+          else unlinkSync(claudeMdPath); // was only forge content, delete empty file
+          console.log(`[workspace] Cleaned legacy Forge blocks from ${claudeMdPath}`);
+        }
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        console.warn(`[workspace] Failed to clean CLAUDE.md at ${claudeMdPath}: ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private createBackend(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, agentId?: string) {
+    switch (config.backend) {
+      case 'api':
+        // TODO: ApiBackend uses @/src path aliases that don't work in standalone tsx.
+        // Need to refactor api-backend imports before enabling.
+        throw new Error('API backend not yet supported in workspace daemon. Use CLI backend instead.');
+      case 'cli':
+      default: {
+        // Resume existing claude session if available
+        const existingSessionId = agentId ? this.agents.get(agentId)?.state.cliSessionId : undefined;
+        const backend = new CliBackend(existingSessionId);
+        // Persist new sessionId back to agent state
+        if (agentId) {
+          backend.onSessionId = (id) => {
+            const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+            if (entry) entry.state.cliSessionId = id;
+          };
+        }
+        return backend;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Build a compact topo summary injected into every agent task */
+  private buildTopoSummary(selfId: string): string {
+    const topo = this.getWorkspaceTopo();
+    if (topo.agents.length === 0) return '';
+
+    const lines: string[] = ['## Workspace Team'];
+    lines.push(`Flow: ${topo.flow}`);
+
+    // Missing roles hint
+    const labels = new Set(topo.agents.map(a => a.label.toLowerCase()));
+    const standard = ['architect', 'engineer', 'qa', 'reviewer', 'pm', 'lead'];
+    const missing = standard.filter(r => !labels.has(r));
+    if (missing.length > 0) lines.push(`Missing: ${missing.join(', ')}`);
+
+    for (const a of topo.agents) {
+      const me = a.id === selfId ? ' ← you' : '';
+      const status = `${a.smithStatus}/${a.taskStatus}`;
+      lines.push(`- ${a.icon} ${a.label}${me} [${status}]: ${a.roleSummary}`);
+    }
+    return lines.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  /** Build full role preamble — injected once when persistent session starts */
+  private buildRolePreamble(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): string {
+    const roleText = (config.role || '').trim() || '(no role defined)';
+    return `=== SMITH CONTEXT (managed by Forge) ===
+You are ${config.label}. Work dir: ${config.workDir || './'}.
+
+Your role and responsibilities:
+${roleText}
+
+---
+Silently ingest this context. Do NOT respond — await an actual task.`;
+  }
+
+  /** Build short role reminder — injected periodically to combat auto-compaction */
+  private buildRoleReminder(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): string {
+    const roleText = (config.role || '').trim();
+    // First 300 chars of role, plus label
+    const summary = roleText.length > 300 ? roleText.slice(0, 300) + '...' : roleText;
+    return `[Role reminder — you are ${config.label}]\n${summary}\n---`;
+  }
+
+  /** Check if a role reminder should be re-injected before next bus message */
+  private needsRoleReminder(agentId: string): boolean {
+    const st = this.roleInjectState.get(agentId);
+    if (!st) return false; // no preamble sent yet — session is starting
+    const now = Date.now();
+    const REMIND_EVERY_MSGS = 10;
+    const REMIND_EVERY_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000; // 30 min
+    if (st.msgsSinceInject >= REMIND_EVERY_MSGS) return true;
+    if (now - st.lastInjectAt >= REMIND_EVERY_MS) return true;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /** Mark that role was just injected for this agent */
+  private markRoleInjected(agentId: string): void {
+    this.roleInjectState.set(agentId, { lastInjectAt: Date.now(), msgsSinceInject: 0 });
+  }
+
+  /** Increment message counter since last role injection */
+  private incrementMsgCount(agentId: string): void {
+    const st = this.roleInjectState.get(agentId);
+    if (st) st.msgsSinceInject++;
+  }
+
+  /** Build context string from upstream agents' outputs */
+  private buildUpstreamContext(config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): string | undefined {
+    // Always prepend: role + workspace team summary
+    const roleBlock = config.role?.trim() ? `## Your Role (${config.label})\n${config.role.trim()}` : '';
+    const topoSummary = this.buildTopoSummary(config.id);
+
+    const headerSections: string[] = [];
+    if (roleBlock) headerSections.push(roleBlock);
+    if (topoSummary) headerSections.push(topoSummary);
+    const header = headerSections.join('\n\n');
+
+    if (config.dependsOn.length === 0) {
+      return header || undefined;
+    }
+
+    const sections: string[] = [];
+    if (header) sections.push(header);
+
+    for (const depId of config.dependsOn) {
+      const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+      if (!dep || (dep.state.taskStatus !== 'done')) continue;
+
+      const label = dep.config.label;
+
+      // Input nodes: only send latest entry (not full history)
+      if (dep.config.type === 'input') {
+        const entries = dep.config.entries;
+        if (entries && entries.length > 0) {
+          const latest = entries[entries.length - 1];
+          sections.push(`### ${label} (latest input):\n${latest.content}`);
+        } else if (dep.config.content) {
+          // Legacy fallback
+          sections.push(`### ${label}:\n${dep.config.content}`);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const artifacts = dep.state.artifacts.filter(a => a.path);
+
+      if (artifacts.length === 0) {
+        const lastResult = [...dep.state.history].reverse().find(h => h.type === 'result');
+        if (lastResult) {
+          sections.push(`### From ${label}:\n${lastResult.content}`);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Read file artifacts
+      for (const artifact of artifacts) {
+        if (!artifact.path) continue;
+        const fullPath = resolve(this.projectPath, artifact.path);
+        try {
+          if (existsSync(fullPath)) {
+            const content = readFileSync(fullPath, 'utf-8');
+            const truncated = content.length > 10000
+              ? content.slice(0, 10000) + '\n... (truncated)'
+              : content;
+            sections.push(`### From ${label} — ${artifact.path}:\n${truncated}`);
+          }
+        } catch {
+          sections.push(`### From ${label} — ${artifact.path}: (could not read file)`);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (sections.length === 0) return undefined;
+
+    let combined = sections.join('\n\n---\n\n');
+
+    // Cap total upstream context to ~50K chars (~12K tokens) to prevent token explosion
+    const MAX_UPSTREAM_CHARS = 50000;
+    if (combined.length > MAX_UPSTREAM_CHARS) {
+      combined = combined.slice(0, MAX_UPSTREAM_CHARS) + '\n\n... (upstream context truncated, ' + combined.length + ' chars total)';
+    }
+
+    return combined;
+  }
+
+  /** After an agent completes, check if any downstream agents should be triggered */
+  /**
+   * Broadcast completion to all downstream agents via bus messages.
+   * Replaces direct triggerDownstream — all execution is now message-driven.
+   * If no artifacts/changes, no message is sent → downstream stays idle.
+   */
+  /** Build causedBy from the message currently being processed */
+  private buildCausedBy(agentId: string, entry: { worker: AgentWorker | null }): BusMessage['causedBy'] | undefined {
+    const msgId = entry.worker?.getCurrentMessageId?.();
+    if (!msgId) return undefined;
+    const msg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === msgId);
+    if (!msg) return undefined;
+    return { messageId: msg.id, from: msg.from, to: msg.to };
+  }
+
+  /** Unified done handler: broadcast downstream or reply to sender based on message source */
+  private handleAgentDone(agentId: string, entry: { config: WorkspaceAgentConfig; worker: AgentWorker | null; state: AgentState }, summary?: string): void {
+    this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+    const files = entry.state.artifacts.filter(a => a.path).map(a => a.path!);
+    console.log(`[workspace] Agent "${entry.config.label}" (${agentId}) completed. Artifacts: ${files.length}.`);
+
+    this.bus.notifyTaskComplete(agentId, files, summary);
+
+    // Check what message triggered this execution
+    const causedBy = this.buildCausedBy(agentId, entry);
+    const processedMsg = causedBy ? this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === causedBy.messageId) : null;
+
+    this.broadcastCompletion(agentId, causedBy);
+    // Note: Forge agent (runForgeAgentCheck) monitors for missing replies
+    // and nudges agents to send summaries. No action needed here.
+
+    this.emitWorkspaceStatus();
+    this.checkWorkspaceComplete?.();
+  }
+
+  private broadcastCompletion(completedAgentId: string, causedBy?: BusMessage['causedBy']): void {
+    const completed = this.agents.get(completedAgentId);
+    if (!completed) return;
+
+    const completedLabel = completed.config.label;
+    const files = completed.state.artifacts.filter(a => a.path).map(a => a.path!);
+    const summary = completed.state.history
+      .filter(h => h.subtype === 'final_summary' || h.subtype === 'step_summary')
+      .slice(-1)[0]?.content || '';
+
+    // Keep notification concise — agent can read files/git diff for details
+    const shortSummary = summary.split('\n')[0]?.slice(0, 100) || '';
+    const content = files.length > 0
+      ? `${completedLabel} completed: ${files.length} files changed.${shortSummary ? ' ' + shortSummary : ''} Run \`git diff --stat HEAD~1\` for details.`
+      : `${completedLabel} completed.${shortSummary ? ' ' + shortSummary : ''}`;
+
+    // Find all downstream agents — skip if already sent upstream_complete recently (60s)
+    const now = Date.now();
+
+    // Pre-scan log once: build dedup set and pending-to-complete list
+    const recentSentTo = new Set<string>(); // agentIds that received upstream_complete within 60s
+    const pendingToComplete: { m: any; to: string }[] = [];
+    for (const m of this.bus.getLog()) {
+      if (m.from !== completedAgentId || m.payload?.action !== 'upstream_complete') continue;
+      if (now - m.timestamp < 60_000) recentSentTo.add(m.to);
+      if (m.status === 'pending') pendingToComplete.push({ m, to: m.to });
+    }
+
+    let sent = 0;
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === completedAgentId) continue;
+      if (entry.config.type === 'input') continue;
+      if (!entry.config.dependsOn.includes(completedAgentId)) continue;
+
+      // Dedup: skip if upstream_complete was sent to this target within last 60s
+      if (recentSentTo.has(id)) {
+        console.log(`[bus] ${completedLabel} → ${entry.config.label}: upstream_complete skipped (sent <60s ago)`);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Merge: auto-complete older pending upstream_complete from same sender to this target
+      for (const { m, to } of pendingToComplete) {
+        if (to === id) {
+          m.status = 'done' as any;
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'done' } as any);
+        }
+      }
+
+      this.bus.send(completedAgentId, id, 'notify', {
+        action: 'upstream_complete',
+        content,
+        files,
+      }, { category: 'notification', causedBy });
+      sent++;
+      console.log(`[bus] ${completedLabel} → ${entry.config.label}: upstream_complete (${files.length} files)`);
+    }
+
+    if (sent === 0) {
+      console.log(`[bus] ${completedLabel} completed — no downstream agents`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // ─── Agent liveness ─────────────────────────────────────
+
+  /** Find an active tmux session for an agent by checking naming conventions */
+  // ─── Persistent Terminal Sessions ────────────────────────
+
+  /** Resolve the CLI session directory for a given project path */
+  private getCliSessionDir(workDir?: string): string {
+    const projectPath = workDir && workDir !== './' && workDir !== '.'
+      ? join(this.projectPath, workDir) : this.projectPath;
+    // Claude Code encodes paths by replacing all non-alphanumeric chars with '-'
+    const encoded = resolve(projectPath).replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/g, '-');
+    return join(homedir(), '.claude', 'projects', encoded);
+  }
+
+  /** Return the latest session ID (by mtime) from the CLI session dir, or undefined if none. */
+  private getLatestSessionId(workDir?: string): string | undefined {
+    try {
+      const sessionDir = this.getCliSessionDir(workDir);
+      if (!existsSync(sessionDir)) return undefined;
+      const files = readdirSync(sessionDir).filter(f => f.endsWith('.jsonl'));
+      if (files.length === 0) return undefined;
+      const latest = files
+        .map(f => ({ name: f, mtime: statSync(join(sessionDir, f)).mtimeMs }))
+        .sort((a, b) => b.mtime - a.mtime)[0];
+      return latest.name.replace('.jsonl', '');
+    } catch {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Lightweight session bind for non-persistentSession agents.
+   *  Checks if the tmux session already exists and sets entry.state.tmuxSession.
+   *  Also auto-binds boundSessionId from the latest session file if not already set.
+   *  Does NOT create any session or run any launch script.
+   */
+  private tryBindExistingSession(agentId: string, config: WorkspaceAgentConfig): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return;
+
+    const safeName = (s: string) => s.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]/g, '-').replace(/-+/g, '-').slice(0, 20);
+    const sessionName = `mw-forge-${safeName(this.projectName)}-${safeName(config.label)}`;
+
+    // Check if tmux session is alive → set tmuxSession so open_terminal can return it
+    try {
+      execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${sessionName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 });
+      if (entry.state.tmuxSession !== sessionName) {
+        entry.state.tmuxSession = sessionName;
+        this.saveNow();
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: found existing tmux session, bound tmuxSession`);
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // No existing session — leave tmuxSession undefined, open_terminal will let FloatingTerminal create one
+    }
+
+    // Auto-bind boundSessionId from latest session file if not already set
+    if (!config.boundSessionId) {
+      const sessionId = this.getLatestSessionId(config.workDir);
+      if (sessionId) {
+        config.boundSessionId = sessionId;
+        this.saveNow();
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: auto-bound boundSessionId=${sessionId}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create or attach to the tmux session for an agent (terminal-open path).
+   * Unlike ensurePersistentSession, skips the 3s startup verification so the
+   * HTTP response is fast. Returns the session name, or null on failure.
+   */
+  async openTerminalSession(agentId: string, forceRestart = false): Promise<string | null> {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry || entry.config.type === 'input') return null;
+    const config = entry.config;
+
+    const safeName = (s: string) => s.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]/g, '-').replace(/-+/g, '-').slice(0, 20);
+    const sessionName = `mw-forge-${safeName(this.projectName)}-${safeName(config.label)}`;
+
+    if (forceRestart) {
+      // Kill existing tmux session so ensurePersistentSession rewrites the launch script
+      // with the current boundSessionId (--resume flag). Safe — claude session data is in jsonl files.
+      try { execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${sessionName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); } catch {}
+      entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+    } else if (entry.state.tmuxSession) {
+      // Attach to existing session if still alive
+      try {
+        execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 });
+        return entry.state.tmuxSession;
+      } catch {
+        entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Create (or recreate) session without startup verification delay
+    await this.ensurePersistentSession(agentId, config, true);
+    return entry.state.tmuxSession || null;
+  }
+
+  /** Create a persistent tmux session with the CLI agent */
+  private async ensurePersistentSession(agentId: string, config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, skipStartupCheck = false): Promise<void> {
+    const safeName = (s: string) => s.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]/g, '-').replace(/-+/g, '-').slice(0, 20);
+    const sessionName = `mw-forge-${safeName(this.projectName)}-${safeName(config.label)}`;
+
+    // Pre-flight: check project's .claude/settings.json is valid (cached by mtime)
+    const workDir = config.workDir && config.workDir !== './' && config.workDir !== '.'
+      ? `${this.projectPath}/${config.workDir}` : this.projectPath;
+    const projectSettingsFile = join(workDir, '.claude', 'settings.json');
+    if (existsSync(projectSettingsFile)) {
+      try {
+        const mtime = statSync(projectSettingsFile).mtimeMs;
+        if (this.settingsValidCache.get(projectSettingsFile) !== mtime) {
+          const raw = readFileSync(projectSettingsFile, 'utf-8');
+          JSON.parse(raw);
+          this.settingsValidCache.set(projectSettingsFile, mtime);
+        }
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        this.settingsValidCache.delete(projectSettingsFile);
+        const errorMsg = `Invalid .claude/settings.json: ${err.message}`;
+        console.error(`[daemon] ${config.label}: ${errorMsg}`);
+        const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+        if (entry) {
+          entry.state.error = errorMsg;
+          entry.state.smithStatus = 'down';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId, smithStatus: 'down' } as any);
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'error', content: `⚠️ ${errorMsg}`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Write agent context file for hooks to read (workDir/.forge/agent-context.json)
+    try {
+      const forgeDir = join(workDir, '.forge');
+      mkdirSync(forgeDir, { recursive: true });
+      const ctxPath = join(forgeDir, 'agent-context.json');
+      writeFileSync(ctxPath, JSON.stringify({
+        workspaceId: this.workspaceId,
+        agentId: config.id,
+        agentLabel: config.label,
+        forgePort: Number(process.env.PORT) || 8403,
+      }, null, 2));
+      console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: wrote agent-context.json to ${ctxPath}`);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      console.error(`[daemon] ${config.label}: failed to write agent-context.json: ${err.message}`);
+    }
+
+    // Check if tmux session already exists and Claude is still alive inside
+    let sessionAlreadyExists = false;
+    let tmuxSessionExists = false;
+    console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: ensurePersistentSession called — sessionName=${sessionName} boundSessionId=${config.boundSessionId || 'NONE'} skipStartupCheck=${skipStartupCheck}`);
+    try {
+      execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${sessionName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 });
+      tmuxSessionExists = true;
+    } catch {}
+    console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: tmuxSessionExists=${tmuxSessionExists}`);
+
+    if (tmuxSessionExists) {
+      // Check if Claude process is still alive inside the tmux pane
+      let claudeAlive = true;
+      try {
+        const paneContent = execSync(`tmux capture-pane -t "${sessionName}" -p -S -5`, { timeout: 3000, encoding: 'utf-8' });
+        const exitedPatterns = [/^\$\s*$/, /\$ $/m, /Process exited/i, /command not found/i];
+        if (exitedPatterns.some(p => p.test(paneContent))) {
+          console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: Claude appears to have exited, recreating session`);
+          try { execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${sessionName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); } catch {}
+          claudeAlive = false;
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // pane capture failed — assume alive
+      }
+
+      if (claudeAlive) {
+        sessionAlreadyExists = true;
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: persistent session alive (${sessionName}) — skipping script generation`);
+        // Ensure FORGE env vars are set in the tmux session environment
+        try {
+          execSync(`tmux set-environment -t "${sessionName}" FORGE_WORKSPACE_ID "${this.workspaceId}" && tmux set-environment -t "${sessionName}" FORGE_AGENT_ID "${config.id}" && tmux set-environment -t "${sessionName}" FORGE_PORT "${Number(process.env.PORT) || 8403}"`, { timeout: 5000 });
+        } catch {}
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!sessionAlreadyExists) {
+      // Pre-bind: find existing session file BEFORE starting CLI so --resume is available from the start.
+      // This avoids starting a fresh CLI then restarting it after polling finds the session.
+      if (!config.primary && !config.boundSessionId) {
+        const existingSessionId = this.getLatestSessionId(config.workDir);
+        if (existingSessionId) {
+          config.boundSessionId = existingSessionId;
+          this.saveNow();
+          console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: pre-bound to existing session ${existingSessionId}`);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Create new tmux session and start the CLI agent
+      try {
+        // Resolve agent launch info
+        let cliCmd = 'claude';
+        let cliType = 'claude-code';
+        let supportsSession = true;
+        let skipPermissionsFlag = '--dangerously-skip-permissions';
+        let envExports = '';
+        let modelFlag = '';
+        try {
+          const { resolveTerminalLaunch, listAgents } = await import('../agents/index') as any;
+          const info = resolveTerminalLaunch(config.agentId);
+          cliCmd = info.cliCmd || 'claude';
+          cliType = info.cliType || 'claude-code';
+          supportsSession = info.supportsSession ?? true;
+          const agents = listAgents();
+          const agentDef = agents.find((a: any) => a.id === config.agentId);
+          if (agentDef?.skipPermissionsFlag) skipPermissionsFlag = agentDef.skipPermissionsFlag;
+          if (info.env) {
+            envExports = Object.entries(info.env)
+              .filter(([k]) => k !== 'CLAUDE_MODEL')
+              .map(([k, v]) => `export ${k}="${v}"`)
+              .join(' && ');
+            if (envExports) envExports += ' && ';
+          }
+          // Workspace agent model takes priority over profile/settings model
+          const effectiveModel = config.model || info.model;
+          if (effectiveModel) modelFlag = ` --model ${effectiveModel}`;
+        } catch {}
+
+        // Generate MCP config for Claude Code agents
+        let mcpConfigFlag = '';
+        if (cliType === 'claude-code') {
+          try {
+            const mcpPort = Number(process.env.MCP_PORT) || 8406;
+            const mcpConfigPath = join(workDir, '.forge', 'mcp.json');
+            const mcpConfig = {
+              mcpServers: {
+                forge: {
+                  type: 'sse',
+                  url: `http://localhost:${mcpPort}/sse?workspaceId=${this.workspaceId}&agentId=${config.id}`,
+                },
+              },
+            };
+            mkdirSync(join(workDir, '.forge'), { recursive: true });
+            writeFileSync(mcpConfigPath, JSON.stringify(mcpConfig, null, 2));
+            mcpConfigFlag = ` --mcp-config "${mcpConfigPath}"`;
+          } catch (err: any) {
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: MCP config generation failed: ${err.message}`);
+          }
+        }
+
+        execSync(`tmux new-session -d -s "${sessionName}" -c "${workDir}"`, { timeout: 5000 });
+
+        // Build launch script to avoid tmux send-keys truncation
+        const scriptLines: string[] = ['#!/bin/bash', `cd "${workDir}"`];
+
+        // Unset old profile vars
+        scriptLines.push('unset ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL ANTHROPIC_SMALL_FAST_MODEL CLAUDE_CODE_DISABLE_NONESSENTIAL_TRAFFIC DISABLE_TELEMETRY DISABLE_ERROR_REPORTING DISABLE_AUTOUPDATER DISABLE_NON_ESSENTIAL_MODEL_CALLS CLAUDE_MODEL');
+
+        // Set FORGE env vars
+        scriptLines.push(`export FORGE_WORKSPACE_ID="${this.workspaceId}" FORGE_AGENT_ID="${config.id}" FORGE_PORT="${Number(process.env.PORT) || 8403}"`);
+
+        // Set profile env vars
+        if (envExports) {
+          scriptLines.push(envExports.replace(/ && /g, '\n').replace(/\n$/, ''));
+        }
+
+        // Build CLI command
+        let cmd = cliCmd;
+        if (supportsSession) {
+          let sessionId: string | undefined;
+          if (config.primary) {
+            sessionId = getFixedSession(this.projectPath);
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: fixedSession=${sessionId || 'NONE'} for ${this.projectPath}`);
+          } else {
+            sessionId = config.boundSessionId;
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: script-gen boundSessionId=${sessionId || 'NONE'}`);
+          }
+          if (sessionId) {
+            const sessionFile = join(this.getCliSessionDir(config.workDir), `${sessionId}.jsonl`);
+            if (existsSync(sessionFile)) {
+              cmd += ` --resume ${sessionId}`;
+              console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: script-gen adding --resume ${sessionId}`);
+            } else {
+              console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: bound session ${sessionId} missing, starting fresh`);
+            }
+          } else {
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: script-gen no boundSessionId → no --resume (skipStartupCheck=${skipStartupCheck})`);
+          }
+        }
+        if (modelFlag) cmd += modelFlag;
+        if (config.skipPermissions !== false && skipPermissionsFlag) cmd += ` ${skipPermissionsFlag}`;
+        if (mcpConfigFlag) cmd += mcpConfigFlag;
+        scriptLines.push(`exec ${cmd}`);
+
+        // Write script and execute in tmux
+        const scriptPath = `/tmp/forge-launch-${config.id.replace(/[^a-z0-9-]/g, '')}.sh`;
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: writing launch script ${scriptPath}`);
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: exec line → ${cmd}`);
+        writeFileSync(scriptPath, scriptLines.join('\n'), { mode: 0o755 });
+        execSync(`tmux send-keys -t "${sessionName}" 'bash ${scriptPath}' Enter`, { timeout: 5000 });
+
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: persistent session created (${sessionName}) [${cliType}: ${cliCmd}]`);
+
+        // Verify CLI started successfully (check after 3s if process is still alive)
+        // Skip when called from openTerminalSession (terminal-open path) for fast response.
+        if (skipStartupCheck) {
+          // Set tmuxSession here only — normal path sets it after startup verification passes.
+          const entrySkip = this.agents.get(agentId);
+          if (entrySkip) {
+            entrySkip.state.tmuxSession = sessionName;
+            this.saveNow();
+            this.emitAgentsChanged();
+          }
+          // Fire boundSessionId binding in background (no await — don't block terminal open)
+          if (!config.primary && !config.boundSessionId) {
+            const bgScriptPath = `/tmp/forge-launch-${config.id.replace(/[^a-z0-9-]/g, '')}.sh`;
+            setTimeout(() => {
+              const sid = this.getLatestSessionId(config.workDir);
+              if (sid) {
+                config.boundSessionId = sid;
+                this.saveNow();
+                console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: background bound to session ${sid}`);
+                // Also update launch script for future restarts
+                if (existsSync(bgScriptPath)) {
+                  try {
+                    const lines = readFileSync(bgScriptPath, 'utf-8').split('\n');
+                    const execIdx = lines.findIndex(l => l.startsWith('exec '));
+                    if (execIdx >= 0) {
+                      const withoutResume = lines[execIdx].replace(/\s--resume\s+\S+/, '');
+                      const afterExec = withoutResume.startsWith('exec ') ? 5 : 0;
+                      const cmdEnd = withoutResume.indexOf(' ', afterExec);
+                      lines[execIdx] = cmdEnd >= 0
+                        ? withoutResume.slice(0, cmdEnd) + ` --resume ${sid}` + withoutResume.slice(cmdEnd)
+                        : withoutResume + ` --resume ${sid}`;
+                      writeFileSync(bgScriptPath, lines.join('\n'), { mode: 0o755 });
+                      console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: background updated launch script with --resume ${sid}`);
+                    }
+                  } catch {}
+                }
+              }
+            }, 5000);
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 3000));
+        try {
+          const paneContent = execSync(`tmux capture-pane -t "${sessionName}" -p -S -20`, { timeout: 3000, encoding: 'utf-8' });
+          // Check for common startup errors
+          const errorPatterns = [
+            /error.*settings\.json/i,
+            /invalid.*json/i,
+            /SyntaxError/i,
+            /ENOENT.*settings/i,
+            /failed to parse/i,
+            /could not read/i,
+            /fatal/i,
+            /No conversation found/i,
+            /could not connect/i,
+            /ECONNREFUSED/i,
+          ];
+          const hasError = errorPatterns.some(p => p.test(paneContent));
+          if (hasError) {
+            const errorLines = paneContent.split('\n').filter(l => /error|invalid|syntax|fatal|failed|No conversation|ECONNREFUSED/i.test(l)).slice(0, 3);
+            const errorMsg = errorLines.join(' ').slice(0, 200) || 'CLI failed to start (check project settings)';
+            console.error(`[daemon] ${config.label}: CLI startup error detected: ${errorMsg}`);
+
+            const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+            if (entry) {
+              entry.state.error = `Terminal failed: ${errorMsg}. Falling back to headless mode.`;
+              entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined; // clear so message loop uses headless (claude -p)
+              this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'error', content: `Terminal startup failed: ${errorMsg}. Auto-fallback to headless.`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+              this.emitAgentsChanged();
+            }
+            // Kill the failed tmux session
+            try { execSync(`tmux kill-session -t "${sessionName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); } catch {}
+            return;
+          }
+        } catch {}
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        console.error(`[daemon] ${config.label}: failed to create persistent session: ${err.message}`);
+        const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+        if (entry) {
+          entry.state.error = `Failed to create terminal: ${err.message}`;
+          entry.state.smithStatus = 'down';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId, smithStatus: 'down' } as any);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Store tmux session name in agent state
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (entry) {
+      entry.state.tmuxSession = sessionName;
+      this.saveNow();
+      this.emitAgentsChanged();
+    }
+
+    // Ensure boundSessionId is set before returning (required for session monitor + --resume)
+    // Also re-bind if existing boundSessionId points to a deleted session file
+    if (!config.primary && config.boundSessionId) {
+      const boundFile = join(this.getCliSessionDir(config.workDir), `${config.boundSessionId}.jsonl`);
+      if (!existsSync(boundFile)) {
+        console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: boundSession ${config.boundSessionId} file missing, re-binding`);
+        config.boundSessionId = undefined;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!config.primary && !config.boundSessionId) {
+      const pollStart = Date.now();
+      const pollDelay = sessionAlreadyExists ? 500 : 2000;
+      await new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+        const attempt = () => {
+          if (!this.daemonActive) { resolve(); return; }
+          const sessionId = this.getLatestSessionId(config.workDir);
+          if (sessionId) {
+            config.boundSessionId = sessionId;
+            this.saveNow();
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: bound to session ${config.boundSessionId}`);
+            // Update launch script with the now-known sessionId — script was written before
+            // polling completed so it had no --resume flag. Fix it for future restarts.
+            const scriptPath = `/tmp/forge-launch-${config.id.replace(/[^a-z0-9-]/g, '')}.sh`;
+            if (existsSync(scriptPath)) {
+              try {
+                const lines = readFileSync(scriptPath, 'utf-8').split('\n');
+                const execIdx = lines.findIndex(l => l.startsWith('exec '));
+                if (execIdx >= 0) {
+                  // Remove any existing --resume flag, then re-insert after command name.
+                  // Line format: 'exec <cmd> [args...]'
+                  // Insert after cmd (skip 'exec ' prefix + cmd word) so bash doesn't
+                  // misinterpret --resume as an exec builtin option.
+                  const withoutResume = lines[execIdx].replace(/\s--resume\s+\S+/, '');
+                  const afterExec = withoutResume.startsWith('exec ') ? 5 : 0;
+                  const cmdEnd = withoutResume.indexOf(' ', afterExec);
+                  lines[execIdx] = cmdEnd >= 0
+                    ? withoutResume.slice(0, cmdEnd) + ` --resume ${sessionId}` + withoutResume.slice(cmdEnd)
+                    : withoutResume + ` --resume ${sessionId}`;
+                  writeFileSync(scriptPath, lines.join('\n'), { mode: 0o755 });
+                  console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: updated launch script with --resume ${sessionId}`);
+                }
+              } catch {}
+            }
+            return resolve();
+          }
+          if (Date.now() - pollStart < 10_000) {
+            setTimeout(attempt, 1000);
+          } else {
+            console.log(`[daemon] ${config.label}: no session file after 10s, skipping bind`);
+            const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+            if (entry) {
+              entry.state.error = 'Terminal session not ready — click "Open Terminal" to start it manually';
+              this.emit('event', { type: 'smith_status', agentId, smithStatus: entry.state.smithStatus } as any);
+              this.emitAgentsChanged();
+            }
+            resolve();
+          }
+        };
+        setTimeout(attempt, pollDelay);
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Inject text into an agent's persistent terminal session */
+  injectIntoSession(agentId: string, text: string): boolean {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    // Verify stored session is alive
+    if (entry?.state.tmuxSession) {
+      try { execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${entry.state.tmuxSession}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); }
+      catch { entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined; }
+    }
+    const tmuxSession = entry?.state.tmuxSession || this.findTmuxSession(entry?.config.label || '');
+    if (!tmuxSession) return false;
+    // Cache found session for future use
+    if (entry && !entry.state.tmuxSession) entry.state.tmuxSession = tmuxSession;
+
+    try {
+      const tmpFile = `/tmp/forge-inject-${Date.now()}.txt`;
+      writeFileSync(tmpFile, text);
+      execSync(`tmux load-buffer ${tmpFile}`, { timeout: 5000 });
+      execSync(`tmux paste-buffer -t "${tmuxSession}" && sleep 0.2 && tmux send-keys -t "${tmuxSession}" Enter`, { timeout: 5000 });
+      try { unlinkSync(tmpFile); } catch {}
+      return true;
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      console.error(`[inject] Failed for ${tmuxSession}: ${err.message}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Check if agent has a persistent session available */
+  hasPersistentSession(agentId: string): boolean {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) return false;
+    if (entry.state.tmuxSession) return true;
+    return !!this.findTmuxSession(entry.config.label);
+  }
+
+  private findTmuxSession(agentLabel: string): string | null {
+    const safeName = (s: string) => s.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]/g, '-').replace(/-+/g, '-').slice(0, 20);
+    const projectSafe = safeName(this.projectName);
+    const agentSafe = safeName(agentLabel);
+
+    // Try workspace naming: mw-forge-{project}-{agent}
+    const wsName = `mw-forge-${projectSafe}-${agentSafe}`;
+    try { execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${wsName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); return wsName; } catch {}
+
+    // Try VibeCoding naming: mw-{project}
+    const vcName = `mw-${projectSafe}`;
+    try { execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${vcName}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); return vcName; } catch {}
+
+    // Search terminal-state.json for project matching tmux session
+    try {
+      const statePath = join(homedir(), '.forge', 'data', 'terminal-state.json');
+      if (existsSync(statePath)) {
+        const termState = JSON.parse(readFileSync(statePath, 'utf-8'));
+        for (const tab of termState.tabs || []) {
+          if (tab.projectPath === this.projectPath) {
+            const findSession = (tree: any): string | null => {
+              if (tree?.type === 'terminal' && tree.sessionName) return tree.sessionName;
+              for (const child of tree?.children || []) {
+                const found = findSession(child);
+                if (found) return found;
+              }
+              return null;
+            };
+            const sess = findSession(tab.tree);
+            if (sess) {
+              try { execSync(`tmux has-session -t "${sess}" 2>/dev/null`, { timeout: 3000 }); return sess; } catch {}
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } catch {}
+
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  private updateAgentLiveness(agentId: string): void {
+    const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+    if (!entry) {
+      this.bus.setAgentStatus(agentId, 'down');
+      return;
+    }
+    if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') this.bus.setAgentStatus(agentId, 'busy');
+    else if (entry.state.smithStatus === 'active') this.bus.setAgentStatus(agentId, 'alive');
+    else this.bus.setAgentStatus(agentId, 'down');
+  }
+
+  // ─── Bus message handling ──────────────────────────────
+
+  private handleBusMessage(msg: BusMessage): void {
+    // Dedup
+    if (this.bus.isDuplicate(msg.id)) return;
+
+    // Emit to UI after dedup (no duplicates, no ACKs)
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message', message: msg } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+
+    // Route to target
+    this.routeMessageToAgent(msg.to, msg);
+    this.checkWorkspaceComplete();
+  }
+
+  private routeMessageToAgent(targetId: string, msg: BusMessage): void {
+    const target = this.agents.get(targetId);
+    if (!target) return;
+
+    const fromLabel = this.agents.get(msg.from)?.config.label || msg.from;
+    const action = msg.payload.action;
+    const content = msg.payload.content || '';
+
+    console.log(`[bus] ${fromLabel} → ${target.config.label}: ${action} "${content.slice(0, 80)}"`);
+
+    const logEntry = {
+      type: 'system' as const,
+      subtype: 'bus_message',
+      content: `[From ${fromLabel}]: ${content || action}`,
+      timestamp: new Date(msg.timestamp).toISOString(),
+    };
+
+    // Helper: mark message as processed when actually consumed
+    const ackAndDeliver = () => {
+      msg.status = 'done';
+    };
+
+    // ── Input node: request user input ──
+    if (target.config.type === 'input') {
+      if (action === 'info_request' || action === 'question') {
+        ackAndDeliver();
+        this.emit('event', {
+          type: 'user_input_request',
+          agentId: targetId,
+          fromAgent: msg.from,
+          question: content,
+        } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // ── Store message in agent history ──
+    target.state.history.push(logEntry);
+
+    // ── requiresApproval → set pending_approval on arrival ──
+    if (target.config.requiresApproval) {
+      msg.status = 'pending_approval';
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: msg.id, status: 'pending_approval' } as any);
+      console.log(`[bus] ${target.config.label}: received ${action} — pending approval`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // ── Message stays pending — message loop will consume it when smith is ready ──
+    console.log(`[bus] ${target.config.label}: received ${action} — queued in inbox (${msg.status})`);
+  }
+
+  // ─── Message consumption loop ─────────────────────────
+  private messageLoopTimers = new Map<string, NodeJS.Timeout>();
+
+  /** Start the message consumption loop for a smith */
+  private startMessageLoop(agentId: string): void {
+    if (this.messageLoopTimers.has(agentId)) return; // already running
+
+    let debugTick = 0;
+    const tick = () => {
+      const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+      if (!entry) {
+        this.stopMessageLoop(agentId);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Don't stop loop if smith is down — just skip this tick
+      // (loop stays alive so it works when smith comes back)
+      if (entry.state.smithStatus !== 'active') return;
+
+      // Skip if already busy
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus === 'running') return;
+
+      // Skip if any message is already running for this agent (O(1) cache lookup)
+      if (this.agentRunningMsg.has(agentId)) return;
+
+      // Execution path determined by config, not runtime tmux state
+      const isTerminalMode = entry.config.persistentSession;
+      if (isTerminalMode) {
+        // Terminal mode: need tmux session. If missing, skip this tick (health check will restart it)
+        if (!entry.state.tmuxSession) {
+          if (++debugTick % 15 === 0) {
+            console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: terminal mode but no tmux session — waiting for auto-restart`);
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Headless mode: need worker ready
+        if (!entry.worker) {
+          if (this.daemonActive) {
+            console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: no worker, recreating...`);
+            this.enterDaemonListening(agentId);
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+        if (!entry.worker.isListening()) {
+          if (++debugTick % 15 === 0) {
+            console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: not listening (smith=${entry.state.smithStatus} task=${entry.state.taskStatus})`);
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // requiresApproval is handled at message arrival time (routeMessageToAgent),
+      // not in the message loop. Approved messages come through as normal 'pending'.
+
+      // Dedup: if multiple upstream_complete from same sender are pending, keep only latest
+      const allRaw = this.bus.getPendingMessagesFor(agentId).filter(m => m.from !== agentId && m.type !== 'ack');
+      const upstreamSeen = new Set<string>();
+      for (let i = allRaw.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const m = allRaw[i];
+        if (m.payload?.action === 'upstream_complete') {
+          const key = `upstream-${m.from}`;
+          if (upstreamSeen.has(key)) {
+            m.status = 'done' as any;
+            this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'done' } as any);
+          }
+          upstreamSeen.add(key);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Find next pending message, applying causedBy rules
+      const allPending = allRaw.filter(m => m.status === 'pending');
+      const pending = allPending.filter(m => {
+        // Tickets: accepted but check retry limit
+        if (m.category === 'ticket') {
+          const maxRetries = m.maxRetries ?? 3;
+          if ((m.ticketRetries || 0) >= maxRetries) {
+            console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: ticket ${m.id.slice(0, 8)} exceeded max retries (${maxRetries}), marking failed`);
+            m.status = 'failed' as any;
+            m.ticketStatus = 'closed';
+            this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: m.id, status: 'failed' } as any);
+            return false;
+          }
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        // System messages (from _watch, _system, user) bypass causedBy rules
+        if (m.from.startsWith('_') || m.from === 'user') return true;
+
+        // Notifications: check causedBy for loop prevention
+        if (m.causedBy) {
+          // Rule 1: Is this a response to something I sent? → accept (for verification)
+          const myOutbox = this.bus.getOutboxFor(agentId);
+          if (myOutbox.some(o => o.id === m.causedBy!.messageId)) return true;
+
+          // Rule 2: Notification from downstream → discard (prevents reverse flow)
+          if (!this.isUpstream(m.from, agentId)) {
+            console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: discarding notification from downstream ${this.agents.get(m.from)?.config.label || m.from}`);
+            m.status = 'done' as any; // silently consume
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Default: accept (upstream notifications, no causedBy = initial trigger)
+        return true;
+      });
+      if (pending.length === 0) return;
+
+      const nextMsg = pending[0];
+      const fromLabel = this.agents.get(nextMsg.from)?.config.label || nextMsg.from;
+      console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: consuming message from ${fromLabel} (${nextMsg.payload.action})`);
+
+      // Mark message as running (being processed)
+      nextMsg.status = 'running' as any;
+      this.agentRunningMsg.set(agentId, nextMsg.id);
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: nextMsg.id, status: 'running' } as any);
+
+      const logEntry = {
+        type: 'system' as const,
+        subtype: 'bus_message',
+        content: `[From ${fromLabel}]: ${nextMsg.payload.content || nextMsg.payload.action}`,
+        timestamp: new Date(nextMsg.timestamp).toISOString(),
+      };
+
+      // Terminal mode → inject; headless → worker (claude -p)
+      if (isTerminalMode) {
+        // Check if role reminder needed (combats auto-compaction over long sessions)
+        let messageText = nextMsg.payload.content || nextMsg.payload.action;
+        if (this.needsRoleReminder(agentId) && entry.config.role?.trim()) {
+          messageText = this.buildRoleReminder(entry.config) + '\n\n' + messageText;
+          this.markRoleInjected(agentId);
+          console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: prepended role reminder`);
+        } else {
+          this.incrementMsgCount(agentId);
+        }
+        const injected = this.injectIntoSession(agentId, messageText);
+        if (injected) {
+          entry.state.taskStatus = 'running';
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId, taskStatus: 'running' } as any);
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'execution_method', content: '📺 Injected into terminal, monitoring for completion...', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: injected into terminal, starting completion monitor`);
+          entry.state.currentMessageId = nextMsg.id;
+          this.monitorTerminalCompletion(agentId, nextMsg.id, entry.state.tmuxSession!);
+        } else {
+          // Terminal inject failed — clear dead session, message stays pending
+          // Health check will auto-restart the terminal session
+          entry.state.tmuxSession = undefined;
+          nextMsg.status = 'pending' as any; // revert to pending for retry
+          this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId: nextMsg.id, status: 'pending' } as any);
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'warning', content: '⚠️ Terminal session down — waiting for auto-restart, message will retry', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+          console.log(`[inbox] ${entry.config.label}: terminal inject failed, cleared session — waiting for health check restart`);
+          this.emitAgentsChanged();
+        }
+      } else {
+        entry.worker!.setProcessingMessage(nextMsg.id);
+        entry.worker!.wake({ type: 'bus_message', messages: [logEntry] });
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'system', subtype: 'execution_method', content: `⚡ Executed via headless (agent: ${entry.config.agentId || 'claude'})`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+      }
+    };
+
+    // Check every 2 seconds
+    const timer = setInterval(tick, 2000);
+    timer.unref(); // Don't prevent process exit in tests
+    this.messageLoopTimers.set(agentId, timer);
+    // Also run immediately
+    tick();
+  }
+
+  /** Stop the message consumption loop for a smith */
+  private stopMessageLoop(agentId: string): void {
+    const timer = this.messageLoopTimers.get(agentId);
+    if (timer) {
+      clearInterval(timer);
+      this.messageLoopTimers.delete(agentId);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Stop all message loops */
+  private stopAllMessageLoops(): void {
+    for (const [id] of this.messageLoopTimers) {
+      this.stopMessageLoop(id);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // ─── Terminal completion monitor ──────────────────────
+  private terminalMonitors = new Map<string, NodeJS.Timeout>();
+
+  /**
+   * Monitor a tmux session for completion after injecting a message.
+   * Detects CLI prompt patterns (❯, $, >) indicating the agent is idle.
+   * Requires 2 consecutive prompt detections (10s) to confirm completion.
+   */
+  private monitorTerminalCompletion(agentId: string, messageId: string, tmuxSession: string): void {
+    // Stop any existing monitor for this agent
+    const existing = this.terminalMonitors.get(agentId);
+    if (existing) clearInterval(existing);
+
+    // Prompt patterns that indicate the CLI is idle and waiting for input
+    // Claude Code: ❯  Codex: >  Aider: >  Generic shell: $ #
+    const PROMPT_PATTERNS = [
+      /^❯\s*$/,          // Claude Code idle prompt
+      /^>\s*$/,           // Codex / generic prompt
+      /^\$\s*$/,          // Shell prompt
+      /^#\s*$/,           // Root shell prompt
+      /^aider>\s*$/,      // Aider prompt
+    ];
+
+    let promptCount = 0;
+    let started = false;
+    const CONFIRM_CHECKS = 2;    // 2 consecutive prompt detections = done
+    const CHECK_INTERVAL = 5000; // 5s between checks
+
+    const timer = setInterval(() => {
+      try {
+        const output = execSync(`tmux capture-pane -t "${tmuxSession}" -p -S -30`, { timeout: 3000, encoding: 'utf-8' });
+
+        // Strip ANSI escape sequences for clean matching
+        const clean = output.replace(/\x1b\[[0-9;]*[a-zA-Z]/g, '');
+        // Get last few non-empty lines
+        const lines = clean.split('\n').map(l => l.trim()).filter(Boolean);
+        const tail = lines.slice(-5);
+
+        // First check: detect that agent started working (output changed from inject)
+        if (!started && lines.length > 3) {
+          started = true;
+        }
+        if (!started) return;
+
+        // Check if any of the last lines match a prompt pattern
+        const hasPrompt = tail.some(line => PROMPT_PATTERNS.some(p => p.test(line)));
+
+        if (hasPrompt) {
+          promptCount++;
+          if (promptCount >= CONFIRM_CHECKS) {
+            clearInterval(timer);
+            this.terminalMonitors.delete(agentId);
+            this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+
+            // Extract output summary (skip prompt lines)
+            const contentLines = lines.filter(l => !PROMPT_PATTERNS.some(p => p.test(l)));
+            const summary = contentLines.slice(-15).join('\n');
+
+            // Mark message done
+            const msg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+            if (msg && msg.status !== 'done') {
+              msg.status = 'done' as any;
+              this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'done' } as any);
+            }
+
+            // Emit output to log panel
+            this.emit('event', { type: 'log', agentId, entry: { type: 'assistant', subtype: 'terminal_output', content: `📺 Terminal completed:\n${summary.slice(0, 500)}`, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() } } as any);
+
+            // Trigger downstream notifications
+            const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+            if (entry) {
+              entry.state.currentMessageId = undefined;
+              this.handleAgentDone(agentId, entry, summary.slice(0, 300));
+            }
+            console.log(`[terminal-monitor] ${agentId}: prompt detected, completed`);
+          }
+        } else {
+          promptCount = 0; // reset — still working
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // Session died
+        clearInterval(timer);
+        this.terminalMonitors.delete(agentId);
+        this.agentRunningMsg.delete(agentId);
+        const msg = this.bus.getLog().find(m => m.id === messageId);
+        if (msg && msg.status !== 'done' && msg.status !== 'failed') {
+          msg.status = 'failed' as any;
+          this.emit('event', { type: 'bus_message_status', messageId, status: 'failed' } as any);
+        }
+        const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+        if (entry) entry.state.currentMessageId = undefined;
+        console.error(`[terminal-monitor] ${agentId}: session died, marked message failed`);
+      }
+    }, CHECK_INTERVAL);
+    timer.unref();
+    this.terminalMonitors.set(agentId, timer);
+  }
+
+  /** Stop all terminal monitors (on daemon stop) */
+  private stopAllTerminalMonitors(): void {
+    for (const [, timer] of this.terminalMonitors) clearInterval(timer);
+    this.terminalMonitors.clear();
+  }
+
+  /** Check if all agents are done and no pending work remains */
+  private checkWorkspaceComplete(): void {
+    let allDone = true;
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      const ws = entry.worker?.getState();
+      const taskSt = ws?.taskStatus ?? entry.state.taskStatus;
+      if (taskSt === 'running' || this.approvalQueue.has(id)) {
+        allDone = false;
+        break;
+      }
+      // idle agents with unmet deps don't block completion
+      if (taskSt === 'idle' && entry.config.dependsOn.length > 0) {
+        const allDepsDone = entry.config.dependsOn.every(depId => {
+          const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+          return dep && (dep.state.taskStatus === 'done');
+        });
+        if (allDepsDone) {
+          allDone = false; // idle but ready to run = not complete
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (allDone && this.agents.size > 0) {
+      const hasPendingRequests = this.bus.getLog().some(m =>
+        m.type === 'request' && !this.bus.getLog().some(r =>
+          r.type === 'response' && r.payload.replyTo === m.id
+        )
+      );
+      // Also check request documents are all done
+      let requestsComplete = true;
+      try {
+        const { listRequests } = require('./requests');
+        const allReqs = listRequests(this.projectPath);
+        if (allReqs.length > 0) {
+          requestsComplete = allReqs.every((r: any) => r.status === 'done' || r.status === 'rejected');
+        }
+      } catch {}
+
+      if (!hasPendingRequests && requestsComplete) {
+        console.log('[workspace] All agents complete, no pending requests, all request docs done. Workspace done.');
+        this.emit('event', { type: 'workspace_complete' } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Get agents that are idle and have all dependencies met */
+  private getReadyAgents(): string[] {
+    const ready: string[] = [];
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'idle') continue;
+      const allDepsDone = entry.config.dependsOn.every(depId => {
+        const dep = this.agents.get(depId);
+        return dep && dep.state.taskStatus === 'done';
+      });
+      if (allDepsDone) ready.push(id);
+    }
+    return ready;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Parse CLI agent output for bus message markers.
+   * Format: [SEND:TargetLabel:action] content
+   * Example: [SEND:Engineer:fix_request] SQL injection found in auth module
+   */
+  /**
+   * After an agent completes, notify downstream agents that already ran (done/failed)
+   * to re-validate their work. Sets them to waiting_approval so user decides.
+   */
+  private notifyDownstreamForRevalidation(completedAgentId: string, files: string[]): void {
+    const completedLabel = this.agents.get(completedAgentId)?.config.label || completedAgentId;
+
+    for (const [id, entry] of this.agents) {
+      if (id === completedAgentId) continue;
+      if (!entry.config.dependsOn.includes(completedAgentId)) continue;
+
+      // Only notify agents that already completed — they need to re-validate
+      if (entry.state.taskStatus !== 'done' && entry.state.taskStatus !== 'failed') continue;
+
+      console.log(`[workspace] ${completedLabel} changed → ${entry.config.label} needs re-validation`);
+
+      // Send bus message
+      this.bus.send(completedAgentId, id, 'notify', {
+        action: 'update_notify',
+        content: `${completedLabel} completed with changes. Please re-validate.`,
+        files,
+      });
+
+      // Set to waiting_approval so user confirms re-run
+      entry.state.taskStatus = 'idle';
+      entry.state.history.push({
+        type: 'system',
+        subtype: 'revalidation_request',
+        content: `[${completedLabel}] completed with changes — approve to re-run validation`,
+        timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+      });
+      this.approvalQueue.add(id);
+      this.emit('event', { type: 'task_status', agentId: id, taskStatus: 'idle' } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+      this.emit('event', {
+        type: 'approval_required',
+        agentId: id,
+        upstreamId: completedAgentId,
+      } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Track how many history entries have been scanned per agent to avoid re-parsing */
+  private busMarkerScanned = new Map<string, number>();
+
+  private parseBusMarkers(fromAgentId: string, history: { type: string; content: string }[]): void {
+    const markerRegex = /\[SEND:([^:]+):([^\]]+)\]\s*(.+)/g;
+    const labelToId = new Map<string, string>();
+    for (const [id, e] of this.agents) {
+      labelToId.set(e.config.label.toLowerCase(), id);
+    }
+
+    // Only scan new entries since last parse (avoid re-sending from old history)
+    const lastScanned = this.busMarkerScanned.get(fromAgentId) || 0;
+    const newEntries = history.slice(lastScanned);
+    this.busMarkerScanned.set(fromAgentId, history.length);
+
+    for (const entry of newEntries) {
+      let match;
+      while ((match = markerRegex.exec(entry.content)) !== null) {
+        const targetLabel = match[1].trim();
+        const action = match[2].trim();
+        const content = match[3].trim();
+        const targetId = labelToId.get(targetLabel.toLowerCase());
+
+        if (targetId && targetId !== fromAgentId) {
+          console.log(`[bus] Parsed marker from ${fromAgentId}: → ${targetLabel} (${action}): ${content.slice(0, 60)}`);
+          this.bus.send(fromAgentId, targetId, 'notify', { action, content });
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private saveNow(): void {
+    saveWorkspace(this.getFullState()).catch(() => {});
+  }
+
+  /** Emit agents_changed so SSE pushes the updated list to frontend */
+  private emitAgentsChanged(): void {
+    // Refresh topology cache so MCP queries always return current state
+    this.rebuildTopo();
+    const agents = Array.from(this.agents.values()).map(e => e.config);
+    const agentStates = this.getAllAgentStates();
+    this.emit('event', { type: 'agents_changed', agents, agentStates } satisfies WorkerEvent);
+  }
+
+  private emitWorkspaceStatus(): void {
+    let running = 0, done = 0;
+    for (const [, entry] of this.agents) {
+      const ws = entry.worker?.getState();
+      const taskSt = ws?.taskStatus ?? entry.state.taskStatus;
+      if (taskSt === 'running') running++;
+      if (taskSt === 'done') done++;
+    }
+    this.emit('event', {
+      type: 'workspace_status',
+      running,
+      done,
+      total: this.agents.size,
+    } satisfies OrchestratorEvent);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Update agent memory after execution completes.
+   * Parses step results into structured memory entries.
+   */
+  private async updateAgentMemory(agentId: string, config: WorkspaceAgentConfig, stepResults: string[]): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      const entry = this.agents.get(agentId);
+
+      // Capture observation from the last step (previous steps captured in 'step' event handler)
+      const lastStep = config.steps[config.steps.length - 1];
+      const lastResult = stepResults[stepResults.length - 1];
+      if (lastStep && lastResult) {
+        const obs = parseStepToObservations(lastStep.label, lastResult, entry?.state.artifacts || []);
+        for (const o of obs) {
+          await addObservation(this.workspaceId, agentId, config.label, config.role, o);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Add session summary
+      const summary = buildSessionSummary(
+        config.steps.map(s => s.label),
+        stepResults,
+        entry?.state.artifacts || [],
+      );
+      await addSessionSummary(this.workspaceId, agentId, summary);
+
+      console.log(`[workspace] Updated memory for ${config.label}`);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      console.error(`[workspace] Failed to update memory for ${config.label}:`, err.message);
+    }
+  }
+}