@aikidosec/safe-chain 1.2.2 → 1.3.0

package/README.md

@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ Aikido Safe Chain supports the following package managers:
 - 📦 **pnpx**
 - 📦 **bun**
 - 📦 **bunx**
-- 📦 **pip** (beta)
-- 📦 **pip3** (beta)
-- 📦 **uv** (beta)
+- 📦 **pip**
+- 📦 **pip3**
+- 📦 **uv**
+- 📦 **poetry**
 
 # Usage
 
@@ -33,32 +34,16 @@ Installing the Aikido Safe Chain is easy with our one-line installer.
 
 ### Unix/Linux/macOS
 
-**Default installation (JavaScript packages only):**
-
 ```shell
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh
 ```
 
-**Include Python support (pip/pip3/uv):**
-
-```shell
-curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --include-python
-```
-
 ### Windows (PowerShell)
 
-**Default installation (JavaScript packages only):**
-
 ```powershell
 iex (iwr "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.ps1" -UseBasicParsing)
 ```
 
-**Include Python support (pip/pip3/uv):**
-
-```powershell
-iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.ps1' -UseBasicParsing) } -includepython"
-```
-
 ### Verify the installation
 
 1. **❗Restart your terminal** to start using the Aikido Safe Chain.
@@ -73,7 +58,7 @@ iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/inst
    npm install safe-chain-test
    ```
 
-   For Python (if you enabled Python support):
+   For Python:
 
    ```shell
    pip3 install safe-chain-pi-test
@@ -81,7 +66,7 @@ iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/inst
 
    - The output should show that Aikido Safe Chain is blocking the installation of these test packages as they are flagged as malware.
 
-When running `npm`, `npx`, `yarn`, `pnpm`, `pnpx`, `bun`, `bunx`, `uv`, `pip`, or `pip3` commands, the Aikido Safe Chain will automatically check for malware in the packages you are trying to install. It also intercepts Python module invocations for pip when available (e.g., `python -m pip install ...`, `python3 -m pip download ...`). If any malware is detected, it will prompt you to exit the command.
+When running `npm`, `npx`, `yarn`, `pnpm`, `pnpx`, `bun`, `bunx`, `uv`, `pip`, `pip3` or `poetry` commands, the Aikido Safe Chain will automatically check for malware in the packages you are trying to install. It also intercepts Python module invocations for pip when available (e.g., `python -m pip install ...`, `python3 -m pip download ...`). If any malware is detected, it will prompt you to exit the command.
 
 You can check the installed version by running:
 
@@ -93,13 +78,13 @@ safe-chain --version
 
 ### Malware Blocking
 
-The Aikido Safe Chain works by running a lightweight proxy server that intercepts package downloads from the npm registry and PyPI. When you run npm, npx, yarn, pnpm, pnpx, bun, bunx, uv, `pip`, or `pip3` commands, all package downloads are routed through this local proxy, which verifies packages in real-time against **[Aikido Intel - Open Sources Threat Intelligence](https://intel.aikido.dev/?tab=malware)**. If malware is detected in any package (including deep dependencies), the proxy blocks the download before the malicious code reaches your machine.
+The Aikido Safe Chain works by running a lightweight proxy server that intercepts package downloads from the npm registry and PyPI. When you run npm, npx, yarn, pnpm, pnpx, bun, bunx, uv, pip, pip3 or poetry commands, all package downloads are routed through this local proxy, which verifies packages in real-time against **[Aikido Intel - Open Sources Threat Intelligence](https://intel.aikido.dev/?tab=malware)**. If malware is detected in any package (including deep dependencies), the proxy blocks the download before the malicious code reaches your machine.
 
 ### Minimum package age (npm only)
 
 For npm packages, Safe Chain temporarily suppresses packages published within the last 24 hours (by default) until they have been validated against malware. This provides an additional security layer during the critical period when newly published packages are most vulnerable to containing undetected threats. You can configure this threshold or bypass this protection entirely - see the [Minimum Package Age Configuration](#minimum-package-age) section below.
 
-⚠️ This feature **only applies to npm-based package managers** (npm, npx, yarn, pnpm, pnpx, bun, bunx) and does not apply to Python package managers (uv, pip, pip3).
+⚠️ This feature **only applies to npm-based package managers** (npm, npx, yarn, pnpm, pnpx, bun, bunx) and does not apply to Python package managers (uv, pip, pip3, poetry).
 
 ### Shell Integration
 
@@ -115,17 +100,21 @@ More information about the shell integration can be found in the [shell integrat
 
 ## Uninstallation
 
-To uninstall the Aikido Safe Chain, you can run the following command:
+To uninstall the Aikido Safe Chain, use our one-line uninstaller:
 
-1. **Remove all aliases from your shell** by running:
-   ```shell
-   safe-chain teardown
-   ```
-2. **Uninstall the Aikido Safe Chain package** using npm:
-   ```shell
-   npm uninstall -g @aikidosec/safe-chain
-   ```
-3. **❗Restart your terminal** to remove the aliases.
+### Unix/Linux/macOS
+
+```shell
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/uninstall-safe-chain.sh | sh
+```
+
+### Windows (PowerShell)
+
+```powershell
+iex (iwr "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/uninstall-safe-chain.ps1" -UseBasicParsing)
+```
+
+**❗Restart your terminal** after uninstalling to ensure all aliases are removed.
 
 # Configuration
 
@@ -188,32 +177,16 @@ Use the `--ci` flag to automatically configure Aikido Safe Chain for CI/CD envir
 
 ### Unix/Linux/macOS (GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, etc.)
 
-**JavaScript only:**
-
 ```shell
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci
 ```
 
-**With Python support:**
-
-```shell
-curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci --include-python
-```
-
 ### Windows (Azure Pipelines, etc.)
 
-**JavaScript only:**
-
 ```powershell
 iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.ps1' -UseBasicParsing) } -ci"
 ```
 
-**With Python support:**
-
-```powershell
-iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.ps1' -UseBasicParsing) } -ci -includepython"
-```
-
 ## Supported Platforms
 
 - ✅ **GitHub Actions**
@@ -229,14 +202,12 @@ iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/inst
     cache: "npm"
 
 - name: Install safe-chain
-  run: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci --include-python
+  run: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci
 
 - name: Install dependencies
   run: npm ci
 ```
 
-> **Note:** Remove `--include-python` if you don't need Python (pip/pip3/uv) support.
-
 ## Azure DevOps Example
 
 ```yaml
@@ -245,13 +216,11 @@ iex "& { $(iwr 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/inst
     versionSpec: "22.x"
   displayName: "Install Node.js"
 
-- script: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci --include-python
+- script: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AikidoSec/safe-chain/main/install-scripts/install-safe-chain.sh | sh -s -- --ci
   displayName: "Install safe-chain"
 
 - script: npm ci
   displayName: "Install dependencies"
 ```
 
-> **Note:** Remove `--include-python` if you don't need Python (pip/pip3/uv) support.
-
 After setup, all subsequent package manager commands in your CI pipeline will automatically be protected by Aikido Safe Chain's malware detection.

package/bin/aikido-poetry.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+import { main } from "../src/main.js";
+import { initializePackageManager } from "../src/packagemanager/currentPackageManager.js";
+import { setEcoSystem, ECOSYSTEM_PY } from "../src/config/settings.js";
+
+setEcoSystem(ECOSYSTEM_PY);
+initializePackageManager("poetry");
+
+(async () => {
+  var exitCode = await main(process.argv.slice(2));
+  process.exit(exitCode);
+})();

package/bin/safe-chain.js

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import chalk from "chalk";
 import { ui } from "../src/environment/userInteraction.js";
 import { setup } from "../src/shell-integration/setup.js";
-import { teardown } from "../src/shell-integration/teardown.js";
+import { teardown, teardownDirectories } from "../src/shell-integration/teardown.js";
 import { setupCi } from "../src/shell-integration/setup-ci.js";
 import { initializeCliArguments } from "../src/config/cliArguments.js";
 import { setEcoSystem } from "../src/config/settings.js";
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ if (tool) {
 } else if (command === "setup") {
   setup();
 } else if (command === "teardown") {
+  teardownDirectories();
   teardown();
 } else if (command === "setup-ci") {
   setupCi();
@@ -94,11 +95,6 @@ function writeHelp() {
       "safe-chain setup"
     )}: This will setup your shell to wrap safe-chain around npm, npx, yarn, pnpm, pnpx, bun, bunx, pip and pip3.`
   );
-  ui.writeInformation(
-    `    ${chalk.yellow(
-      "--include-python"
-    )}: Experimental: include Python package managers (pip, pip3) in the setup.`
-  );
   ui.writeInformation(
     `- ${chalk.cyan(
       "safe-chain teardown"
@@ -109,11 +105,6 @@ function writeHelp() {
       "safe-chain setup-ci"
     )}: This will setup safe-chain for CI environments by creating shims and modifying the PATH.`
   );
-  ui.writeInformation(
-    `    ${chalk.yellow(
-      "--include-python"
-    )}: Experimental: include Python package managers (pip, pip3) in the setup.`
-  );
   ui.writeInformation(
     `- ${chalk.cyan("safe-chain --version")} (or ${chalk.cyan(
       "-v"

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@aikidosec/safe-chain",
-  "version": "1.2.2",
+  "version": "1.3.0",
   "scripts": {
     "test": "node --test --experimental-test-module-mocks 'src/**/*.spec.js'",
     "test:watch": "node --test --watch --experimental-test-module-mocks 'src/**/*.spec.js'",
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     "aikido-pip3": "bin/aikido-pip3.js",
     "aikido-python": "bin/aikido-python.js",
     "aikido-python3": "bin/aikido-python3.js",
+    "aikido-poetry": "bin/aikido-poetry.js",
     "safe-chain": "bin/safe-chain.js"
   },
   "type": "module",

package/src/config/cliArguments.js

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 /**
- * @type {{loggingLevel: string | undefined, skipMinimumPackageAge: boolean | undefined, minimumPackageAgeHours: string | undefined, includePython: boolean}}
+ * @type {{loggingLevel: string | undefined, skipMinimumPackageAge: boolean | undefined, minimumPackageAgeHours: string | undefined}}
  */
 const state = {
   loggingLevel: undefined,
   skipMinimumPackageAge: undefined,
   minimumPackageAgeHours: undefined,
-  includePython: false,
 };
 
 const SAFE_CHAIN_ARG_PREFIX = "--safe-chain-";
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@ export function initializeCliArguments(args) {
   setLoggingLevel(safeChainArgs);
   setSkipMinimumPackageAge(safeChainArgs);
   setMinimumPackageAgeHours(safeChainArgs);
-  setIncludePython(args);
 
   return remainingArgs;
 }
@@ -109,20 +107,6 @@ export function getMinimumPackageAgeHours() {
   return state.minimumPackageAgeHours;
 }
 
-/**
- * @param {string[]} args
- */
-function setIncludePython(args) {
-  // This flag doesn't have the --safe-chain- prefix because
-  // it is only used for the safe-chain command itself and
-  // not when wrapped around package manager commands.
-  state.includePython = hasFlagArg(args, "--include-python");
-}
-
-export function includePython() {
-  return state.includePython;
-}
-
 /**
  * @param {string[]} args
  * @param {string} flagName

package/src/config/configFile.js

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ function validateMinimumPackageAgeHours(value) {
  */
 export function getMinimumPackageAgeHours() {
   const config = readConfigFile();
-  if (config.minimumPackageAgeHours) {
+  if (config.minimumPackageAgeHours !== undefined) {
     const validated = validateMinimumPackageAgeHours(
       config.minimumPackageAgeHours
     );

package/src/config/settings.js

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ function validateMinimumPackageAgeHours(value) {
     return undefined;
   }
 
-  if (numericValue > 0) {
+  if (numericValue >= 0) {
     return numericValue;
   }
 

package/src/main.js

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ export async function main(args) {
   process.on("uncaughtException", (error) => {
     ui.writeError(`Safe-chain: Uncaught exception: ${error.message}`);
     ui.writeVerbose(`Stack trace: ${error.stack}`);
+    ui.writeBufferedLogsAndStopBuffering();
     process.exit(1);
   });
 
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ export async function main(args) {
     if (reason instanceof Error) {
       ui.writeVerbose(`Stack trace: ${reason.stack}`);
     }
+    ui.writeBufferedLogsAndStopBuffering();
     process.exit(1);
   });
 
@@ -64,8 +66,7 @@ export async function main(args) {
 
     const auditStats = getAuditStats();
     if (auditStats.totalPackages > 0) {
-      ui.emptyLine();
-      ui.writeInformation(
+      ui.writeVerbose(
         `${chalk.green("✔")} Safe-chain: Scanned ${
           auditStats.totalPackages
         } packages, no malware found.`
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ export async function main(args) {
     return packageManagerResult.status;
   } catch (/** @type any */ error) {
     ui.writeError("Failed to check for malicious packages:", error.message);
+    ui.writeBufferedLogsAndStopBuffering();
 
     // Returning the exit code back to the caller allows the promise
     //  to be awaited in the bin files and return the correct exit code

package/src/packagemanager/currentPackageManager.js

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 import { createYarnPackageManager } from "./yarn/createPackageManager.js";
 import { createPipPackageManager } from "./pip/createPackageManager.js";
 import { createUvPackageManager } from "./uv/createUvPackageManager.js";
+import { createPoetryPackageManager } from "./poetry/createPoetryPackageManager.js";
 
 /**
  * @type {{packageManagerName: PackageManager | null}}
@@ -58,6 +59,8 @@ export function initializePackageManager(packageManagerName, context) {
     state.packageManagerName = createPipPackageManager(context);
   } else if (packageManagerName === "uv") {
     state.packageManagerName = createUvPackageManager();
+  } else if (packageManagerName === "poetry") {
+    state.packageManagerName = createPoetryPackageManager();
   } else {
     throw new Error("Unsupported package manager: " + packageManagerName);
   }

package/src/packagemanager/pip/runPipCommand.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import fsSync from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import ini from "ini";
+import { spawn } from "child_process";
 
 /**
  * Checks if this pip invocation should bypass safe-chain and spawn directly.
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ import ini from "ini";
  * @param {string[]} args - The arguments
  * @returns {boolean}
  */
-function shouldBypassSafeChain(command, args) {
+export function shouldBypassSafeChain(command, args) {
   if (command === PYTHON_COMMAND || command === PYTHON3_COMMAND) {
     // Check if args start with -m pip
     if (args.length >= 2 && args[0] === "-m" && (args[1] === PIP_COMMAND || args[1] === PIP3_COMMAND)) {
@@ -77,14 +78,16 @@ export async function runPip(command, args) {
   if (shouldBypassSafeChain(command, args)) {
     ui.writeVerbose(`Safe-chain: Bypassing safe-chain for non-pip invocation: ${command} ${args.join(" ")}`);
     // Spawn the ORIGINAL command with ORIGINAL args
-    const { spawn } = await import("child_process");
     return new Promise((_resolve) => {
       const proc = spawn(command, args, { stdio: "inherit" });
       proc.on("exit", (/** @type {number | null} */ code) => {
+        ui.writeVerbose(`${command} ${args.join(" ")} exited with status ${code}`);
+        ui.writeBufferedLogsAndStopBuffering();
         process.exit(code ?? 0);
       });
       proc.on("error", (/** @type {Error} */ err) => {
         ui.writeError(`Error executing command: ${err.message}`);
+        ui.writeBufferedLogsAndStopBuffering();
         process.exit(1);
       });
     });
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ export async function runPip(command, args) {
   try {
     const env = mergeSafeChainProxyEnvironmentVariables(process.env);
 
-    // Always provide Python with a complete CA bundle (Safe Chain CA + Mozilla + Node built-in roots)
+    // Always provide Python with a complete CA bundle (Safe Chain CA + Mozilla + Node built-in roots + user certs)
     // so that any network request made by pip, including those outside explicit CLI args,
     // validates correctly under both MITM'd and tunneled HTTPS.
     const combinedCaPath = getCombinedCaBundlePath();

package/src/packagemanager/poetry/createPoetryPackageManager.js

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { ui } from "../../environment/userInteraction.js";
+import { safeSpawn } from "../../utils/safeSpawn.js";
+import { mergeSafeChainProxyEnvironmentVariables } from "../../registryProxy/registryProxy.js";
+import { getCombinedCaBundlePath } from "../../registryProxy/certBundle.js";
+
+/**
+ * @returns {import("../currentPackageManager.js").PackageManager}
+ */
+export function createPoetryPackageManager() {
+  return {
+    runCommand: (args) => runPoetryCommand(args),
+
+    // MITM only approach for Poetry
+    isSupportedCommand: () => false,
+    getDependencyUpdatesForCommand: () => [],
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets CA bundle environment variables used by Poetry and Python libraries.
+ * Poetry uses the Python requests library which respects these environment variables.
+ * 
+ * @param {NodeJS.ProcessEnv} env - Environment object to modify
+ * @param {string} combinedCaPath - Path to the combined CA bundle
+ */
+function setPoetryCaBundleEnvironmentVariables(env, combinedCaPath) {
+  // SSL_CERT_FILE: Used by Python SSL libraries and requests
+  if (env.SSL_CERT_FILE) {
+    ui.writeWarning("Safe-chain: User defined SSL_CERT_FILE found in environment. It will be overwritten.");
+  }
+  env.SSL_CERT_FILE = combinedCaPath;
+
+  // REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE: Used by the requests library (which Poetry uses)
+  if (env.REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE) {
+    ui.writeWarning("Safe-chain: User defined REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE found in environment. It will be overwritten.");
+  }
+  env.REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE = combinedCaPath;
+
+  // PIP_CERT: Poetry may use pip internally
+  if (env.PIP_CERT) {
+    ui.writeWarning("Safe-chain: User defined PIP_CERT found in environment. It will be overwritten.");
+  }
+  env.PIP_CERT = combinedCaPath;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs a poetry command with safe-chain's certificate bundle and proxy configuration.
+ * 
+ * Poetry respects standard HTTP_PROXY/HTTPS_PROXY environment variables through
+ * the Python requests library.
+ * 
+ * @param {string[]} args - Command line arguments to pass to poetry
+ * @returns {Promise<{status: number}>} Exit status of the poetry command
+ */
+async function runPoetryCommand(args) {
+  try {
+    const env = mergeSafeChainProxyEnvironmentVariables(process.env);
+
+    const combinedCaPath = getCombinedCaBundlePath();
+    setPoetryCaBundleEnvironmentVariables(env, combinedCaPath);
+
+    const result = await safeSpawn("poetry", args, {
+      stdio: "inherit",
+      env,
+    });
+    
+    return { status: result.status };
+  } catch (/** @type any */ error) {
+    if (error.status) {
+      return { status: error.status };
+    } else {
+      ui.writeError("Error executing command:", error.message);
+      ui.writeError("Is 'poetry' installed and available on your system?");
+      return { status: 1 };
+    }
+  }
+}

package/src/registryProxy/certBundle.js

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import certifi from "certifi";
 import tls from "node:tls";
 import { X509Certificate } from "node:crypto";
 import { getCaCertPath } from "./certUtils.js";
+import { ui } from "../environment/userInteraction.js";
 
 /**
  * Check if a PEM string contains only parsable cert blocks.
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import { getCaCertPath } from "./certUtils.js";
  */
 function isParsable(pem) {
   if (!pem || typeof pem !== "string") return false;
+  pem = normalizeLineEndings(pem);
   const begin = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----";
   const end = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
   const blocks = [];
@@ -41,20 +43,17 @@ function isParsable(pem) {
   }
 }
 
-/** @type {string | null} */
-let cachedPath = null;
-
 /**
- * Build a combined CA bundle for Python and Node HTTPS flows.
- * - Includes Safe Chain CA (for MITM of known registries)
- * - Includes Mozilla roots via npm `certifi` (public HTTPS)
- * - Includes Node's built-in root certificates as a portable fallback
+ * Build a combined CA bundle.
+ * Automatically includes:
+ * - Safe Chain CA (for MITM of known registries)
+ * - Mozilla roots via certifi (for public HTTPS)
+ * - Node's built-in root certificates (fallback)
+ * - User's custom certificates (if NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS environment variable is set)
+ * 
  * @returns {string} Path to the combined CA bundle PEM file
  */
 export function getCombinedCaBundlePath() {
-  if (cachedPath && fs.existsSync(cachedPath)) return cachedPath;
-
-  // Concatenate PEM files
   const parts = [];
 
   // 1) Safe Chain CA (for MITM'd registries)
@@ -87,9 +86,96 @@ export function getCombinedCaBundlePath() {
     // Ignore if unavailable
   }
 
+  // 4) User's NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS (if set)
+  const userCertPath = process.env.NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS;
+  if (userCertPath) {
+    const userPem = readUserCertificateFile(userCertPath);
+    if (userPem) {
+      parts.push(userPem.trim());
+      ui.writeVerbose(`Safe-chain: Merging user's NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS from ${userCertPath}`);
+    } else {
+      ui.writeWarning(`Safe-chain: Could not read or parse user's NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS from ${userCertPath}`);
+    }
+  }
+
   const combined = parts.filter(Boolean).join("\n");
-  const target = path.join(os.tmpdir(), "safe-chain-ca-bundle.pem");
+  const target = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `safe-chain-ca-bundle-${Date.now()}.pem`);
   fs.writeFileSync(target, combined, { encoding: "utf8" });
-  cachedPath = target;
-  return cachedPath;
+  return target;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Normalize path
+ * @param {string} p - Path to normalize
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function normalizePathF(p) {
+  return p.replace(/\\/g, "/");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Normalize line endings to LF
+ * @param {string} text - Text with mixed line endings
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function normalizeLineEndings(text) {
+  return text.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n").replace(/\r/g, "\n");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read and validate user certificate file
+ * @param {string} certPath - Path to certificate file
+ * @returns {string | null} Certificate PEM content or null if invalid/unreadable
+ */
+function readUserCertificateFile(certPath) {
+  try {
+    // 1) Basic validation
+    if (typeof certPath !== "string" || certPath.trim().length === 0) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // 2) Reject path traversal attempts (normalize backslashes first for Windows paths)
+    const normalizedPath = normalizePathF(certPath);
+    if (normalizedPath.includes("..")) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // 3) Check if file exists and is not a directory or symlink
+    let stats;
+    try {
+      stats = fs.lstatSync(certPath);
+    } catch {
+      // File doesn't exist or can't be accessed
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (!stats.isFile()) {
+      // Reject directories and symlinks
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // 4) Read file content
+    let content;
+    try {
+      content = fs.readFileSync(certPath, "utf8");
+    } catch {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (!content || typeof content !== "string") {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // 5) Validate PEM format
+    if (!isParsable(content)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    return content;
+  } catch {
+    // Silently fail on any errors
+    return null;
+  }
 }
+
+