@actalk/inkos-studio 1.6.3 → 1.7.0

package/dist/api/server.js

@@ -3,54 +3,81 @@ import { cors } from "hono/cors";
 import { streamSSE } from "hono/streaming";
 import { serve } from "@hono/node-server";
 import { gzipSync } from "node:zlib";
-import { StateManager, PipelineRunner, createLLMClient, createLogger, createInteractionToolsFromDeps, computeAnalytics, loadProjectConfig, loadProjectSession, processProjectInteractionRequest, resolveSessionActiveBook, listBookSessions, loadBookSession, appendManualSessionMessages, createAndPersistBookSession, renameBookSession, deleteBookSession, migrateBookSession, SessionAlreadyMigratedError, abortAgentSession, runAgentSession, resolveServicePreset, resolveServiceProviderFamily, resolveServiceModelsBaseUrl, guessServiceFromBaseUrl, resolveServiceModel, loadSecrets, saveSecrets, listModelsForService, isApiKeyOptionalForEndpoint, getAllEndpoints, probeModelsFromUpstream, fetchWithProxy, chatCompletion, buildExportArtifact, evaluateBookQuality, ConsolidatorAgent, DetectionConfigSchema, ResearchSearchConfigSchema, InputGovernanceModeSchema, GLOBAL_ENV_PATH, COVER_PROVIDER_PRESETS, createPlayDB, PlayStore, buildPlayEntityImagePrompt, buildPlaySceneImagePrompt, generatePlayImage, readPlayImageManifest, readPlayImageSettings, writePlayImageSettings, Scheduler, coverSecretKey, resolveCoverProviderPreset, SessionKindSchema, isExplicitWriteChapterCommand, isUsablePlayInitialScene, isWriteNextInstruction, normalizeActionSource as normalizeCoreActionSource, normalizeActionPayload as normalizeCoreActionPayload, normalizePlayMode as normalizeCorePlayMode, normalizeRequestedIntent as normalizeCoreRequestedIntent, normalizeSkillIdList as normalizeCoreSkillIdList, inferLanguage, createSkillRegistry, loadConfiguredCapabilitySkills, CapabilitySkillManifestSchema, getBuiltinPrompt, listBuiltinPromptPacks, listBuiltinPrompts, loadPromptPackPrompt, promptOverridePath, createGenerateCoverTool, createInteractiveFilmCreationTool, createPlayStartTool, createScriptCreationTool, createShortFictionRunTool, createStoryboardCreationTool, createSubAgentTool, createDraftStructureTool, createConnectChoiceTool, createRemoveNodeTool, filmLLMDepsFromClient, applyGraphDelta, loadStoryGraph, reviewStoryGraph, exportInk, buildPlayableHtml, analyzeEmotionalArcs, analyzePathDistribution, generateNodeImage, defaultNodeImageDeps, } from "@actalk/inkos-core";
+import { StateManager, PipelineRunner, createLLMClient, createLogger, createInteractionToolsFromDeps, computeAnalytics, loadProjectConfig, loadProjectSession, processProjectInteractionRequest, resolveSessionActiveBook, listBookSessions, loadBookSession, appendManualSessionMessages, createAndPersistBookSession, renameBookSession, deleteBookSession, migrateBookSession, SessionAlreadyMigratedError, abortAgentSession, runAgentSession, resolveServicePreset, resolveServiceProviderFamily, resolveServiceModelsBaseUrl, guessServiceFromBaseUrl, resolveServiceModel, loadSecrets, saveSecrets, listModelsForService, isApiKeyOptionalForEndpoint, getAllEndpoints, probeModelsFromUpstream, fetchWithProxy, chatCompletion, buildExportArtifact, evaluateBookQuality, ConsolidatorAgent, DetectionConfigSchema, ResearchSearchConfigSchema, InputGovernanceModeSchema, GLOBAL_ENV_PATH, COVER_PROVIDER_PRESETS, createPlayDB, PlayStore, buildPlayEntityImagePrompt, buildPlaySceneImagePrompt, generatePlayImage, readPlayImageManifest, readPlayImageSettings, writePlayImageSettings, Scheduler, coverSecretKey, resolveCoverProviderPreset, SessionKindSchema, isExplicitWriteChapterCommand, isUsablePlayInitialScene, isWriteNextInstruction, normalizeActionSource as normalizeCoreActionSource, normalizeActionPayload as normalizeCoreActionPayload, normalizePlayMode as normalizeCorePlayMode, normalizeRequestedIntent as normalizeCoreRequestedIntent, normalizeSkillIdList as normalizeCoreSkillIdList, inferLanguage, createSkillRegistry, loadConfiguredCapabilitySkills, CapabilitySkillManifestSchema, getBuiltinPrompt, listBuiltinPromptPacks, listBuiltinPrompts, loadPromptPackPrompt, promptOverridePath, toPosixPath, createGenerateCoverTool, createInteractiveFilmCreationTool, createPlayStartTool, createScriptCreationTool, createShortFictionRunTool, createStoryboardCreationTool, createTranslationCreateTool, createSubAgentTool, createDraftStructureTool, createConnectChoiceTool, createRemoveNodeTool, createLLMTranslationModel, createTranslationProjectFromFile, loadTranslationChapter, loadTranslationManifest, runTranslationProject, writeTranslationExport, filmLLMDepsFromClient, applyGraphDelta, loadStoryGraph, reviewStoryGraph, exportInk, buildPlayableHtml, analyzeEmotionalArcs, analyzePathDistribution, generateNodeImage, defaultNodeImageDeps, } from "@actalk/inkos-core";
 import { access, mkdir, readFile, readdir, rm, stat, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { dirname, isAbsolute, join, relative, resolve } from "node:path";
 import { isSafeBookId } from "./safety.js";
 import { ApiError } from "./errors.js";
 import { buildStudioBookConfig } from "./book-create.js";
-// -- Pipeline stage definitions per agent type --
+function normalizeStudioLanguage(value) {
+    return value === "en" ? "en" : "zh";
+}
+function pick(lang, zh, en) {
+    return lang === "en" ? en : zh;
+}
 const PIPELINE_STAGES = {
     writer: [
-        "准备章节输入", "撰写章节草稿", "落盘最终章节",
-        "生成最终真相文件", "校验真相文件变更", "同步记忆索引",
-        "更新章节索引与快照",
+        { zh: "准备章节输入", en: "Prepare chapter input" },
+        { zh: "撰写章节草稿", en: "Write chapter draft" },
+        { zh: "落盘最终章节", en: "Save final chapter" },
+        { zh: "生成最终真相文件", en: "Generate final truth files" },
+        { zh: "校验真相文件变更", en: "Validate truth file changes" },
+        { zh: "同步记忆索引", en: "Sync memory index" },
+        { zh: "更新章节索引与快照", en: "Update chapter index and snapshot" },
     ],
     architect: [
-        "生成基础设定", "保存书籍配置", "写入基础设定文件",
-        "初始化控制文档", "创建初始快照",
+        { zh: "生成基础设定", en: "Generate foundation" },
+        { zh: "保存书籍配置", en: "Save book config" },
+        { zh: "写入基础设定文件", en: "Write foundation files" },
+        { zh: "初始化控制文档", en: "Initialize control documents" },
+        { zh: "创建初始快照", en: "Create initial snapshot" },
     ],
     reviser: [
-        "加载修订上下文", "修订章节", "落盘修订结果",
-        "更新索引与快照",
+        { zh: "加载修订上下文", en: "Load revision context" },
+        { zh: "修订章节", en: "Revise chapter" },
+        { zh: "落盘修订结果", en: "Save revision result" },
+        { zh: "更新索引与快照", en: "Update index and snapshot" },
     ],
-    auditor: ["审计章节"],
+    auditor: [{ zh: "审计章节", en: "Audit chapter" }],
 };
+function pipelineStages(agent, lang = "zh") {
+    return PIPELINE_STAGES[agent]?.map((stage) => pick(lang, stage.zh, stage.en));
+}
 function attachmentDisposition(fileName) {
     const safeAscii = fileName.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9._-]+/g, "_") || "download";
     return `attachment; filename="${safeAscii}"; filename*=UTF-8''${encodeURIComponent(fileName)}`;
 }
 const AGENT_LABELS = {
-    architect: "建书", writer: "写作", auditor: "审计",
-    reviser: "修订", exporter: "导出",
+    architect: { zh: "建书", en: "Book setup" },
+    writer: { zh: "写作", en: "Writing" },
+    auditor: { zh: "审计", en: "Audit" },
+    reviser: { zh: "修订", en: "Revision" },
+    exporter: { zh: "导出", en: "Export" },
 };
 const TOOL_LABELS = {
-    read: "读取文件", edit: "编辑文件", grep: "搜索", ls: "列目录",
-    propose_action: "确认动作",
-    short_fiction_run: "短篇生产",
-    script_create: "剧本创作",
-    storyboard_create: "分镜创作",
-    interactive_film_create: "互动影游",
-    generate_cover: "生成封面",
-    play_edit: "编辑互动世界",
-    play_start: "启动互动世界",
-    play_revise: "重做互动回合",
-    play_step: "推进互动世界",
+    read: { zh: "读取文件", en: "Read file" },
+    edit: { zh: "编辑文件", en: "Edit file" },
+    grep: { zh: "搜索", en: "Search" },
+    ls: { zh: "列目录", en: "List directory" },
+    propose_action: { zh: "确认动作", en: "Confirm action" },
+    short_fiction_run: { zh: "短篇生产", en: "Short fiction" },
+    script_create: { zh: "剧本创作", en: "Script creation" },
+    storyboard_create: { zh: "分镜创作", en: "Storyboard creation" },
+    interactive_film_create: { zh: "互动影游", en: "Interactive film" },
+    translation_create: { zh: "翻译项目", en: "Translation" },
+    generate_cover: { zh: "生成封面", en: "Cover generation" },
+    play_edit: { zh: "编辑互动世界", en: "Edit interactive world" },
+    play_start: { zh: "启动互动世界", en: "Start interactive world" },
+    play_revise: { zh: "重做互动回合", en: "Redo interactive turn" },
+    play_step: { zh: "推进互动世界", en: "Advance interactive world" },
 };
-function resolveToolLabel(tool, agent) {
-    if (tool === "sub_agent" && agent)
-        return AGENT_LABELS[agent] ?? agent;
-    return TOOL_LABELS[tool] ?? tool;
+function resolveToolLabel(tool, agent, lang = "zh") {
+    if (tool === "sub_agent" && agent) {
+        const label = AGENT_LABELS[agent];
+        return label ? pick(lang, label.zh, label.en) : agent;
+    }
+    const label = TOOL_LABELS[tool];
+    return label ? pick(lang, label.zh, label.en) : tool;
 }
 function summarizeResult(result) {
     if (typeof result === "string")
@@ -189,8 +216,8 @@ function normalizeApiBookId(value, fieldName) {
     }
     return bookId;
 }
-function nonTextModelMessage(modelId) {
-    return `模型 ${modelId} 不适合文本聊天/写作。请在模型选择器中改用文本模型，例如 gemini-2.5-flash、gemini-2.5-pro 或对应服务的 chat 模型。`;
+function nonTextModelMessage(modelId, lang = "zh") {
+    return pick(lang, `模型 ${modelId} 不适合文本聊天/写作。请在模型选择器中改用文本模型，例如 gemini-2.5-flash、gemini-2.5-pro 或对应服务的 chat 模型。`, `Model ${modelId} is not suitable for text chat/writing. Pick a text model in the model selector, e.g. gemini-2.5-flash, gemini-2.5-pro, or the service's chat model.`);
 }
 function extractToolError(result) {
     if (typeof result === "string")
@@ -354,6 +381,7 @@ function normalizeStudioSkillId(value, field = "skillId") {
 const MAX_AGENT_ATTACHMENTS = 8;
 const MAX_AGENT_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
 const MAX_AGENT_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_CHARS = 120_000;
+const MAX_TRANSLATION_UPLOAD_BYTES = 80 * 1024 * 1024;
 function safeUploadFileName(value) {
     const trimmed = value.trim().replace(/[/\\\0]/g, "_").replace(/\s+/g, " ");
     const safe = trimmed.replace(/[^\p{L}\p{N}._ -]+/gu, "_").slice(0, 120).trim();
@@ -411,7 +439,7 @@ async function normalizeAgentAttachments(root, sessionId, value) {
         const storedName = `${Date.now()}-${index + 1}-${filename}`;
         const storedPath = join(uploadDir, storedName);
         await writeFile(storedPath, parsed.buffer);
-        const relPath = relative(root, storedPath);
+        const relPath = toPosixPath(relative(root, storedPath));
         if (mimeType.startsWith("image/")) {
             out.push({
                 id: payload.id || `${Date.now()}-${index}`,
@@ -451,6 +479,26 @@ async function normalizeAgentAttachments(root, sessionId, value) {
     }
     return out;
 }
+async function storeTranslationUpload(root, payload) {
+    const filename = safeUploadFileName(payload.filename || "translation-source");
+    if (!payload.dataUrl) {
+        throw new ApiError(400, "INVALID_TRANSLATION_UPLOAD", "Translation upload is missing dataUrl");
+    }
+    const parsed = parseDataUrl(payload.dataUrl);
+    if (parsed.buffer.byteLength > MAX_TRANSLATION_UPLOAD_BYTES) {
+        throw new ApiError(413, "TRANSLATION_UPLOAD_TOO_LARGE", `${filename} exceeds ${MAX_TRANSLATION_UPLOAD_BYTES} bytes`);
+    }
+    const uploadDir = join(root, ".inkos", "uploads", "translation");
+    await mkdir(uploadDir, { recursive: true });
+    const storedName = `${Date.now()}-${filename}`;
+    const storedPath = join(uploadDir, storedName);
+    await writeFile(storedPath, parsed.buffer);
+    return {
+        storedPath: toPosixPath(relative(root, storedPath)),
+        size: parsed.buffer.byteLength,
+        mimeType: parsed.mimeType,
+    };
+}
 function projectSkillsDir(root) {
     return join(root, ".inkos", "skills");
 }
@@ -554,7 +602,8 @@ async function toStudioPromptPackPrompt(root, prompt) {
         content: loaded.content,
         source: loaded.source,
         overridden: loaded.source === "project",
-        path: loaded.source === "project" ? relative(root, overridePath) : undefined,
+        // Windows 上 relative() 产生反斜杠，这个 path 会被前端展示/断言为 posix 相对路径
+        path: loaded.source === "project" ? toPosixPath(relative(root, overridePath)) : undefined,
     };
 }
 function normalizeStudioPromptId(value) {
@@ -790,28 +839,30 @@ async function tryHandleExternalChatEdit(params) {
     };
 }
 function validateAgentActionExecution(args) {
+    const lang = args.language ?? "zh";
     const failedExec = args.collectedToolExecs.find(isLikelyFailedToolResult);
     if (failedExec) {
-        return `${failedExec.label} 执行失败：${failedExec.error ?? failedExec.result ?? "未知错误"}`;
+        const detail = failedExec.error ?? failedExec.result ?? pick(lang, "未知错误", "unknown error");
+        return pick(lang, `${failedExec.label} 执行失败：${detail}`, `${failedExec.label} failed: ${detail}`);
     }
     if (args.agentBookId
         && args.requestedIntent === "write_next"
         && !hasSuccessfulSubAgentExec(args.collectedToolExecs, "writer")) {
-        return "模型声称已完成下一章，但没有实际调用写作工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。";
+        return pick(lang, "模型声称已完成下一章，但没有实际调用写作工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。", "The model claimed the next chapter is done, but it never called the writing tool. Retry; if it keeps failing, check whether the model supports tool calls.");
     }
     if (!args.agentBookId
         && args.requestedIntent === "create_book"
         && !hasSuccessfulSubAgentExec(args.collectedToolExecs, "architect")) {
-        return "已确认建书，但模型没有实际调用建书工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。";
+        return pick(lang, "已确认建书，但模型没有实际调用建书工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。", "Book creation was confirmed, but the model never called the book setup tool. Retry; if it keeps failing, check whether the model supports tool calls.");
     }
     if (args.requestedIntent === "short_run" && !hasSuccessfulToolExec(args.collectedToolExecs, "short_fiction_run")) {
-        return "已确认生成短篇，但模型没有实际调用短篇生产工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。";
+        return pick(lang, "已确认生成短篇，但模型没有实际调用短篇生产工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。", "Short fiction was confirmed, but the model never called the short fiction tool. Retry; if it keeps failing, check whether the model supports tool calls.");
     }
     if (args.requestedIntent === "play_start" && !hasSuccessfulToolExec(args.collectedToolExecs, "play_start")) {
-        return "已确认启动互动世界，但模型没有实际调用互动世界工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。";
+        return pick(lang, "已确认启动互动世界，但模型没有实际调用互动世界工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。", "Starting the interactive world was confirmed, but the model never called the interactive world tool. Retry; if it keeps failing, check whether the model supports tool calls.");
     }
     if (args.requestedIntent === "generate_cover" && !hasSuccessfulToolExec(args.collectedToolExecs, "generate_cover")) {
-        return "已确认生成封面，但模型没有实际调用封面工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。";
+        return pick(lang, "已确认生成封面，但模型没有实际调用封面工具。请重试；如果仍失败，请检查模型是否支持工具调用。", "Cover generation was confirmed, but the model never called the cover tool. Retry; if it keeps failing, check whether the model supports tool calls.");
     }
     return undefined;
 }
@@ -819,6 +870,9 @@ function classifyAgentFailure(message) {
     const text = message.trim();
     if (!text)
         return "unknown";
+    if (/BookWriteLockError|locked by an active InkOS write|BOOK_BUSY/i.test(text)) {
+        return "busy";
+    }
     if (/API\s*返回|上游|upstream|Bad Gateway|temporarily unavailable|rate limit|quota|API Key|unauthorized|forbidden|无法连接到 API|fetch failed|ECONNREFUSED|ENOTFOUND|ETIMEDOUT|LLM returned empty response|Provider finish_reason|reasoning_content/i.test(text)) {
         return "llm";
     }
@@ -827,16 +881,29 @@ function classifyAgentFailure(message) {
     }
     return "unknown";
 }
-function formatAgentFailure(message) {
+function formatAgentFailure(message, lang = "zh") {
     const kind = classifyAgentFailure(message);
+    if (kind === "busy") {
+        return { code: "BOOK_BUSY", message, status: 409 };
+    }
     if (kind === "llm") {
         return { code: "AGENT_LLM_ERROR", message, status: 502 };
     }
     if (kind === "internal") {
-        return { code: "AGENT_INTERNAL_ERROR", message: `InkOS 内部流程错误：${message}`, status: 500 };
+        return {
+            code: "AGENT_INTERNAL_ERROR",
+            message: pick(lang, `InkOS 内部流程错误：${message}`, `InkOS internal pipeline error: ${message}`),
+            status: 500,
+        };
     }
     return { code: "AGENT_ERROR", message, status: 500 };
 }
+function formatAgentActionFailure(message, lang) {
+    const failure = formatAgentFailure(message, lang);
+    return failure.code === "BOOK_BUSY"
+        ? { code: failure.code, message: failure.message, status: 409 }
+        : { code: "AGENT_ACTION_FAILED", message, status: 502 };
+}
 class ConfirmedActionExecutionError extends Error {
     exec;
     constructor(message, exec, cause) {
@@ -888,6 +955,7 @@ function isConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
             || args.requestedIntent === "script_create"
             || args.requestedIntent === "storyboard_create"
             || args.requestedIntent === "interactive_film_create"
+            || args.requestedIntent === "translation_create"
             || args.requestedIntent === "play_start"
             || args.requestedIntent === "generate_cover"
             || args.requestedIntent === "draft_structure"
@@ -901,11 +969,12 @@ function requirePayloadText(value, message) {
     }
     return text;
 }
-function toolResultText(result) {
+function toolResultText(result, lang = "zh") {
     const text = extractToolError(result).trim();
-    return text || "已完成。";
+    return text || pick(lang, "已完成。", "Done.");
 }
 async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
+    const lang = args.language ?? "zh";
     const id = `direct-${args.requestedIntent}-${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
     const actionPayload = args.actionPayload;
     let tool;
@@ -913,7 +982,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     let agent;
     if (args.requestedIntent === "create_book") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.createBook;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认建书缺少书名，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认建书缺少书名，请重新生成确认卡。", "The book creation confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createSubAgentTool(args.pipeline, null, args.root, { actionPayload });
         agent = "architect";
         params = {
@@ -931,7 +1000,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
         const payload = actionPayload?.shortRun;
         const direction = payload?.direction?.trim() || args.instruction.trim();
         if (!direction)
-            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", "确认短篇缺少方向，请重新生成确认卡。");
+            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", pick(lang, "确认短篇缺少方向，请重新生成确认卡。", "The short fiction confirmation is missing a direction. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createShortFictionRunTool(args.pipeline, args.root, { actionPayload });
         params = {
             direction,
@@ -944,7 +1013,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     }
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "generate_cover") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.generateCover;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认生成封面缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认生成封面缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。", "The cover generation confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createGenerateCoverTool(args.root, { actionPayload });
         params = {
             title,
@@ -956,7 +1025,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     }
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "script_create") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.scriptCreate;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认创建剧本缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认创建剧本缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。", "The script creation confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createScriptCreationTool(args.pipeline, args.root, { actionPayload });
         params = {
             title,
@@ -974,7 +1043,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     }
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "storyboard_create") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.storyboardCreate;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认创建分镜缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认创建分镜缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。", "The storyboard creation confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createStoryboardCreationTool(args.pipeline, args.root, { actionPayload });
         params = {
             title,
@@ -993,7 +1062,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     }
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "interactive_film_create") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.interactiveFilmCreate;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认创建互动影游缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认创建互动影游缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。", "The interactive film confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         tool = createInteractiveFilmCreationTool(args.pipeline, args.root, { actionPayload });
         params = {
             title,
@@ -1011,9 +1080,23 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
             ...(payload?.outDir ? { outDir: payload.outDir } : {}),
         };
     }
+    else if (args.requestedIntent === "translation_create") {
+        const payload = actionPayload?.translationCreate;
+        const filePath = requirePayloadText(payload?.filePath, pick(lang, "确认创建翻译项目缺少文件路径，请重新生成确认卡。", "The translation confirmation is missing a file path. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
+        const sourceLanguage = requirePayloadText(payload?.sourceLanguage, pick(lang, "确认创建翻译项目缺少源语言，请重新生成确认卡。", "The translation confirmation is missing a source language. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
+        const targetLanguage = requirePayloadText(payload?.targetLanguage, pick(lang, "确认创建翻译项目缺少目标语言，请重新生成确认卡。", "The translation confirmation is missing a target language. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
+        tool = createTranslationCreateTool(args.root, { actionPayload });
+        params = {
+            filePath,
+            sourceLanguage,
+            targetLanguage,
+            ...(payload?.title ? { title: payload.title } : {}),
+            ...(payload?.segmentMaxChars ? { segmentMaxChars: payload.segmentMaxChars } : {}),
+        };
+    }
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "play_start") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.playStart;
-        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, "确认启动互动世界缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。");
+        const title = requirePayloadText(payload?.title, pick(lang, "确认启动互动世界缺少标题，请重新生成确认卡。", "The interactive world start confirmation is missing a title. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         const fallbackScene = [payload?.premise, args.instruction].filter((part) => typeof part === "string" && part.trim().length > 0).join("\n\n");
         const initialScene = isUsablePlayInitialScene(payload?.initialScene)
             ? payload?.initialScene?.trim()
@@ -1046,7 +1129,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
             throw new ApiError(400, "INVALID_ID", "interactive-film action requires a project id (bookId)");
         const agentCtx = args.pipeline.createAgentContext("film-authoring", projectId);
         const deps = filmLLMDepsFromClient(agentCtx.client, agentCtx.model);
-        tool = createDraftStructureTool(args.root, projectId, deps);
+        tool = createDraftStructureTool(args.root, projectId, deps, lang);
         params = {
             instruction: payload?.instruction?.trim() || args.instruction,
         };
@@ -1054,7 +1137,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "connect_choice") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.connectChoice;
         if (!payload?.node) {
-            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", "确认连接选择缺少节点数据，请重新生成确认卡。");
+            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", pick(lang, "确认连接选择缺少节点数据，请重新生成确认卡。", "The connect-choice confirmation is missing node data. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         }
         const projectId = payload?.projectId ?? args.bookId;
         if (!projectId)
@@ -1067,7 +1150,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
     else if (args.requestedIntent === "remove_node") {
         const payload = actionPayload?.removeNode;
         if (!payload?.nodeId) {
-            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", "确认删除节点缺少 nodeId，请重新生成确认卡。");
+            throw new ApiError(400, "CONFIRMED_ACTION_PAYLOAD_INCOMPLETE", pick(lang, "确认删除节点缺少 nodeId，请重新生成确认卡。", "The remove-node confirmation is missing a nodeId. Regenerate the confirmation card."));
         }
         const projectId = payload?.projectId ?? args.bookId;
         if (!projectId)
@@ -1084,10 +1167,10 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
         id,
         tool: tool.name,
         agent,
-        label: resolveToolLabel(tool.name, agent),
+        label: resolveToolLabel(tool.name, agent, lang),
         status: "running",
         args: params,
-        stages: agent ? PIPELINE_STAGES[agent]?.map(label => ({ label, status: "pending" })) : undefined,
+        stages: agent ? pipelineStages(agent, lang)?.map(label => ({ label, status: "pending" })) : undefined,
         startedAt: Date.now(),
     };
     broadcast("tool:start", {
@@ -1107,7 +1190,7 @@ async function executeConfirmedProductionAction(args) {
         });
         exec.status = "completed";
         exec.completedAt = Date.now();
-        exec.result = toolResultText(result);
+        exec.result = toolResultText(result, lang);
         exec.details = result?.details;
         exec.stages = exec.stages?.map(stage => ({ ...stage, status: "completed" }));
         broadcast("tool:end", {
@@ -1337,6 +1420,34 @@ async function resolveBookChapterReviewMode(root, bookId, projectMode) {
         return projectMode;
     }
 }
+function normalizeRevisionGate(gate) {
+    return gate === "lenient" || gate === "always" ? gate : "strict";
+}
+function readProjectRevisionGate(config) {
+    const writing = config.writing && typeof config.writing === "object" && !Array.isArray(config.writing)
+        ? config.writing
+        : {};
+    return normalizeRevisionGate(writing.revisionGate);
+}
+function readBookRevisionGate(rawBook) {
+    const writing = rawBook.writing && typeof rawBook.writing === "object" && !Array.isArray(rawBook.writing)
+        ? rawBook.writing
+        : undefined;
+    if (!writing || writing.revisionGate !== "strict" && writing.revisionGate !== "lenient" && writing.revisionGate !== "always")
+        return undefined;
+    return writing.revisionGate;
+}
+async function resolveBookRevisionGate(root, bookId, projectGate) {
+    if (!bookId || !isSafeBookId(bookId))
+        return projectGate;
+    try {
+        const rawBook = await loadRawBookConfig(root, bookId);
+        return readBookRevisionGate(rawBook) ?? projectGate;
+    }
+    catch {
+        return projectGate;
+    }
+}
 function unquoteEnvValue(value) {
     const trimmed = value.trim();
     if ((trimmed.startsWith("\"") && trimmed.endsWith("\"")) || (trimmed.startsWith("'") && trimmed.endsWith("'"))) {
@@ -1558,13 +1669,13 @@ function fallbackTextModelsForEndpoint(endpoint, preset) {
 function shouldTrustStaticModelsWhenLiveListUnavailable(endpoint) {
     return endpoint?.group === "aggregator";
 }
-async function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, label) {
+async function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, label, lang = "zh") {
     let timeout;
     try {
         return await Promise.race([
             promise,
             new Promise((_, reject) => {
-                timeout = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(`${label} 超时（${timeoutMs}ms）`)), timeoutMs);
+                timeout = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(pick(lang, `${label} 超时（${timeoutMs}ms）`, `${label} timed out (${timeoutMs}ms)`))), timeoutMs);
             }),
         ]);
     }
@@ -1574,49 +1685,55 @@ async function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, label) {
     }
 }
 function formatServiceProbeError(args) {
+    const lang = args.language ?? "zh";
     const rawDetail = args.error
         .replace(/\n\s*\(baseUrl:[\s\S]*?\)$/m, "")
         .trim();
     const upstreamDetail = rawDetail.includes("上游详情：")
         ? rawDetail
         : "";
+    const protocol = args.apiFormat === "responses" ? "Responses" : "Chat / Completions";
+    const streamSuffix = typeof args.stream === "boolean"
+        ? pick(lang, `，${args.stream ? "流式" : "非流式"}`, `, ${args.stream ? "streaming" : "non-streaming"}`)
+        : "";
     const context = [
-        `服务商：${args.label ?? args.service}`,
-        `测试模型：${args.model ?? "未确定"}`,
-        `协议：${args.apiFormat === "responses" ? "Responses" : "Chat / Completions"}${typeof args.stream === "boolean" ? `，${args.stream ? "流式" : "非流式"}` : ""}`,
-        `Base URL：${args.baseUrl}`,
+        pick(lang, `服务商：${args.label ?? args.service}`, `Service: ${args.label ?? args.service}`),
+        pick(lang, `测试模型：${args.model ?? "未确定"}`, `Test model: ${args.model ?? "undetermined"}`),
+        pick(lang, `协议：${protocol}${streamSuffix}`, `Protocol: ${protocol}${streamSuffix}`),
+        pick(lang, `Base URL：${args.baseUrl}`, `Base URL: ${args.baseUrl}`),
     ].join("\n");
+    const upstreamPrefix = (detail) => pick(lang, `\n上游返回：${detail}`, `\nUpstream response: ${detail}`);
     if (args.service === "google") {
         return [
-            "Google Gemini 测试连接失败。",
+            pick(lang, "Google Gemini 测试连接失败。", "Google Gemini connection test failed."),
             context,
             "",
-            "请优先检查：",
-            "1. API Key 是否来自 Google AI Studio 的 Gemini API key，而不是 OAuth、Vertex AI 或其它 Google 服务凭据。",
-            "2. 该 key 所属项目是否已启用 Gemini API，并且没有被限制到其它 API、来源或服务。",
-            "3. 当前地区/账号是否允许访问 Gemini API。",
-            "4. 如果 key 曾经泄露，请在 AI Studio 重新生成后再保存。",
-            upstreamDetail ? `\n上游返回：${upstreamDetail}` : "",
+            pick(lang, "请优先检查：", "Check these first:"),
+            pick(lang, "1. API Key 是否来自 Google AI Studio 的 Gemini API key，而不是 OAuth、Vertex AI 或其它 Google 服务凭据。", "1. The API Key is a Gemini API key from Google AI Studio, not an OAuth, Vertex AI, or other Google service credential."),
+            pick(lang, "2. 该 key 所属项目是否已启用 Gemini API，并且没有被限制到其它 API、来源或服务。", "2. The key's project has the Gemini API enabled and is not restricted to other APIs, origins, or services."),
+            pick(lang, "3. 当前地区/账号是否允许访问 Gemini API。", "3. Your region/account is allowed to access the Gemini API."),
+            pick(lang, "4. 如果 key 曾经泄露，请在 AI Studio 重新生成后再保存。", "4. If the key was ever leaked, regenerate it in AI Studio before saving."),
+            upstreamDetail ? upstreamPrefix(upstreamDetail) : "",
         ].filter(Boolean).join("\n");
     }
     if (args.service === "moonshot" || args.service === "kimiCodingPlan" || args.service === "kimicode") {
         return [
-            `${args.label ?? args.service} 测试连接失败。`,
+            pick(lang, `${args.label ?? args.service} 测试连接失败。`, `${args.label ?? args.service} connection test failed.`),
             context,
             "",
-            "请优先检查模型是否可用，以及 kimi-k2.x 这类模型是否需要 temperature=1。",
-            rawDetail ? `\n上游返回：${rawDetail}` : "",
+            pick(lang, "请优先检查模型是否可用，以及 kimi-k2.x 这类模型是否需要 temperature=1。", "Check first whether the model is available, and whether models like kimi-k2.x require temperature=1."),
+            rawDetail ? upstreamPrefix(rawDetail) : "",
         ].filter(Boolean).join("\n");
     }
     return [
-        `${args.label ?? args.service} 测试连接失败。`,
+        pick(lang, `${args.label ?? args.service} 测试连接失败。`, `${args.label ?? args.service} connection test failed.`),
         context,
         "",
-        "请检查 API Key、模型可用性、账号额度，以及协议类型是否匹配该服务商。",
-        rawDetail ? `\n上游返回：${rawDetail}` : "",
+        pick(lang, "请检查 API Key、模型可用性、账号额度，以及协议类型是否匹配该服务商。", "Check the API Key, model availability, account quota, and whether the protocol type matches this service."),
+        rawDetail ? upstreamPrefix(rawDetail) : "",
     ].filter(Boolean).join("\n");
 }
-async function fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(serviceId, baseUrl, apiKey, proxyUrl) {
+async function fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(serviceId, baseUrl, apiKey, proxyUrl, lang = "zh") {
     const endpoint = isCustomServiceId(serviceId)
         ? undefined
         : getAllEndpoints().find((ep) => ep.id === serviceId);
@@ -1626,14 +1743,14 @@ async function fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(serviceId, baseUrl, apiKey, proxyUr
     const modelsUrl = modelsBaseUrl.replace(/\/$/, "") + "/models";
     try {
         const res = await fetchWithProxy(modelsUrl, {
-            headers: buildBearerAuthHeaders(apiKey),
+            headers: buildBearerAuthHeaders(apiKey, lang),
             signal: AbortSignal.timeout(SERVICE_MODELS_PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS),
         }, proxyUrl);
         if (!res.ok) {
             const body = await res.text().catch(() => "");
             return {
                 models: [],
-                error: `服务商返回 ${res.status}: ${body.slice(0, 200)}`,
+                error: pick(lang, `服务商返回 ${res.status}: ${body.slice(0, 200)}`, `Service returned ${res.status}: ${body.slice(0, 200)}`),
                 authFailed: res.status === 401 || res.status === 403,
             };
         }
@@ -1649,16 +1766,17 @@ async function fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(serviceId, baseUrl, apiKey, proxyUr
         };
     }
 }
-function buildBearerAuthHeaders(apiKey) {
+function buildBearerAuthHeaders(apiKey, lang = "zh") {
     const trimmed = apiKey?.trim() ?? "";
     if (!trimmed)
         return {};
     if (!/^[\x20-\x7e]+$/.test(trimmed)) {
-        throw new Error("API Key 只能包含英文、数字和常见 ASCII 符号，请检查是否误粘贴了中文说明。");
+        throw new Error(pick(lang, "API Key 只能包含英文、数字和常见 ASCII 符号，请检查是否误粘贴了中文说明。", "API Key may only contain ASCII letters, digits, and common symbols. Check whether you pasted explanatory text by mistake."));
     }
     return { Authorization: `Bearer ${trimmed}` };
 }
 async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
+    const lang = args.language ?? "zh";
     const rawConfig = await loadRawConfig(args.root).catch(() => ({}));
     const llm = rawConfig.llm ?? {};
     const envConfig = await readEnvConfigStatus(args.root);
@@ -1668,12 +1786,12 @@ async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
             ? envConfig.global.model
             : null;
     const baseService = isCustomServiceId(args.service) ? "custom" : args.service;
-    const modelsResponse = await fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(baseService, args.baseUrl, args.apiKey, args.proxyUrl);
+    const modelsResponse = await fetchModelsFromServiceBaseUrl(baseService, args.baseUrl, args.apiKey, args.proxyUrl, lang);
     if (modelsResponse.authFailed) {
         return {
             ok: false,
             models: [],
-            error: modelsResponse.error ?? "API Key 无效或无权访问模型列表。",
+            error: modelsResponse.error ?? pick(lang, "API Key 无效或无权访问模型列表。", "API Key is invalid or has no access to the model list."),
         };
     }
     const discoveredModels = modelsResponse.models;
@@ -1686,7 +1804,7 @@ async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
             return {
                 ok: false,
                 models: discoveredModels,
-                error: "模型列表可访问，但没有发现可用于文本对话的模型。",
+                error: pick(lang, "模型列表可访问，但没有发现可用于文本对话的模型。", "The model list is reachable, but no model usable for text chat was found."),
             };
         }
         return {
@@ -1745,10 +1863,10 @@ async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
         return {
             ok: false,
             models: [],
-            error: "无法自动确定模型，请先填写可用模型或提供支持 /models 的服务端点。",
+            error: pick(lang, "无法自动确定模型，请先填写可用模型或提供支持 /models 的服务端点。", "Could not determine a model automatically. Fill in an available model first, or provide a service endpoint that supports /models."),
         };
     }
-    let lastError = modelsResponse.error ?? "自动探测失败";
+    let lastError = modelsResponse.error ?? pick(lang, "自动探测失败", "Automatic probing failed");
     for (const model of modelCandidates) {
         for (const plan of buildProbePlans(args.preferredApiFormat, args.preferredStream)) {
             const client = createLLMClient({
@@ -1770,7 +1888,7 @@ async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
                 // A connectivity probe wants a fast pass/fail — never the transient
                 // retry+backoff, which would multiply the time when the upstream is
                 // rate-limiting (and make the diagnostics page hang).
-                chatCompletion(client, model, [{ role: "user", content: "Reply with OK only." }], { maxTokens: 16, retry: false }), SERVICE_CHAT_PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS, "service connection test");
+                chatCompletion(client, model, [{ role: "user", content: "Reply with OK only." }], { maxTokens: 16, retry: false }), SERVICE_CHAT_PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS, "service connection test", lang);
                 const models = discoveredModels.length > 0
                     ? discoveredModels
                     : fallbackTextModelsForEndpoint(endpoint, preset);
@@ -1793,6 +1911,7 @@ async function probeServiceCapabilities(args) {
                     apiFormat: plan.apiFormat,
                     stream: plan.stream,
                     error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error),
+                    language: lang,
                 });
             }
         }
@@ -1859,10 +1978,19 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         cachedConfig = freshConfig;
         return freshConfig;
     }
+    // Read the project language fresh from inkos.json on every call, so a language
+    // switch takes effect on the next request instead of being frozen at startup.
+    // A missing/corrupt inkos.json means "no project language configured" -> zh.
+    async function currentProjectLanguage() {
+        const raw = await loadRawConfig(root).catch(() => ({}));
+        return normalizeStudioLanguage(raw.language);
+    }
     async function buildPipelineConfig(overrides) {
         const currentConfig = overrides?.currentConfig ?? await loadCurrentProjectConfig();
         const projectReviewMode = readProjectChapterReviewMode(currentConfig);
         const chapterReviewMode = await resolveBookChapterReviewMode(root, overrides?.bookIdForSettings, projectReviewMode);
+        const projectRevisionGate = readProjectRevisionGate(currentConfig);
+        const revisionGate = await resolveBookRevisionGate(root, overrides?.bookIdForSettings, projectRevisionGate);
         const scopedSseSink = overrides?.sessionIdForSSE
             ? {
                 write(entry) {
@@ -1884,6 +2012,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
             foundationReviewRetries: currentConfig.foundation?.reviewRetries ?? 2,
             writingReviewRetries: currentConfig.writing?.reviewRetries ?? 1,
             chapterReviewMode,
+            revisionGate,
             modelOverrides: currentConfig.modelOverrides,
             notifyChannels: currentConfig.notify,
             logger,
@@ -2386,7 +2515,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         const env = await readEffectiveEnvConfigValues(root);
         if (!env || !env.values.apiKey) {
             return c.json({
-                error: "未检测到可导入的 LLM 环境变量配置，或缺少 INKOS_LLM_API_KEY。",
+                error: pick(await currentProjectLanguage(), "未检测到可导入的 LLM 环境变量配置，或缺少 INKOS_LLM_API_KEY。", "No importable LLM environment variable configuration was detected, or INKOS_LLM_API_KEY is missing."),
             }, 400);
         }
         const config = await loadRawConfig(root);
@@ -2436,7 +2565,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         }
         if (body.configSource === "env") {
             return c.json({
-                error: "Studio 运行时不支持切换到 env；env 只在 CLI/daemon/部署运行时作为覆盖层使用。",
+                error: pick(await currentProjectLanguage(), "Studio 运行时不支持切换到 env；env 只在 CLI/daemon/部署运行时作为覆盖层使用。", "The Studio runtime does not support switching to env; env only acts as an override layer in the CLI/daemon/deployment runtimes."),
             }, 400);
         }
         if (body.configSource !== undefined) {
@@ -2510,7 +2639,9 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         const body = await c.req.json();
         const trimmedKey = body.apiKey?.trim() ?? "";
         if (trimmedKey && !isHeaderSafeApiKey(trimmedKey)) {
-            return c.json({ error: "API Key 包含不能放入 HTTP Authorization header 的字符，请只粘贴原始密钥。" }, 400);
+            return c.json({
+                error: pick(await currentProjectLanguage(), "API Key 包含不能放入 HTTP Authorization header 的字符，请只粘贴原始密钥。", "API Key contains characters that cannot go into an HTTP Authorization header. Paste only the raw key."),
+            }, 400);
         }
         const secrets = await loadSecrets(root);
         const key = coverSecretKey(service);
@@ -2547,9 +2678,13 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
     app.post("/api/v1/services/:service/test", async (c) => {
         const service = c.req.param("service");
         const { apiKey, baseUrl, apiFormat, stream } = await c.req.json();
+        const language = await currentProjectLanguage();
         const resolvedBaseUrl = await resolveConfiguredServiceBaseUrl(root, service, baseUrl);
         if (!resolvedBaseUrl) {
-            return c.json({ ok: false, error: `未知服务商: ${service}` }, 400);
+            return c.json({
+                ok: false,
+                error: pick(language, `未知服务商: ${service}`, `Unknown service: ${service}`),
+            }, 400);
         }
         const baseService = isCustomServiceId(service) ? "custom" : service;
         const apiKeyOptional = isApiKeyOptionalForEndpoint({
@@ -2559,7 +2694,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         if (!apiKey?.trim() && !apiKeyOptional) {
             return c.json({
                 ok: false,
-                error: "API Key 不能为空",
+                error: pick(language, "API Key 不能为空", "API Key must not be empty"),
             }, 400);
         }
         const rawConfig = await loadRawConfig(root).catch(() => ({}));
@@ -2572,17 +2707,19 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
             preferredApiFormat: apiFormat,
             preferredStream: stream,
             proxyUrl: typeof llm.proxyUrl === "string" ? llm.proxyUrl : undefined,
+            language,
         });
         // B12: 升级响应 shape 为 { probe, chat, ... }，同时保留老字段供 UI 过渡期兼容
+        const connectionFailed = pick(language, "连接失败", "Connection failed");
         const probeStatus = {
             ok: probe.ok,
             models: probe.models?.length ?? 0,
-            ...(probe.ok ? {} : { error: probe.error ?? "连接失败" }),
+            ...(probe.ok ? {} : { error: probe.error ?? connectionFailed }),
         };
         if (!probe.ok) {
             return c.json({
                 ok: false,
-                error: probe.error ?? "连接失败",
+                error: probe.error ?? connectionFailed,
                 probe: probeStatus,
                 chat: null,
             }, 400);
@@ -2612,7 +2749,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
             if (!isHeaderSafeApiKey(trimmedKey)) {
                 return c.json({
                     ok: false,
-                    error: "API Key 只能包含可放进 HTTP Authorization header 的非空白 ASCII 字符；请不要粘贴连接失败提示或诊断文本。",
+                    error: pick(await currentProjectLanguage(), "API Key 只能包含可放进 HTTP Authorization header 的非空白 ASCII 字符；请不要粘贴连接失败提示或诊断文本。", "API Key may only contain non-whitespace ASCII characters that fit in an HTTP Authorization header; do not paste connection failure hints or diagnostic text."),
                 }, 400);
             }
             secrets.services[service] = { apiKey: trimmedKey };
@@ -3260,8 +3397,9 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         if (!sessionId?.trim()) {
             throw new ApiError(400, "SESSION_ID_REQUIRED", "sessionId is required");
         }
+        const language = await currentProjectLanguage();
         if (reqModel && !isTextChatModelId(reqModel)) {
-            const message = nonTextModelMessage(reqModel);
+            const message = nonTextModelMessage(reqModel, language);
             return c.json({ error: message, response: message }, 400);
         }
         const actionSource = normalizeStudioActionSource(reqActionSource);
@@ -3368,8 +3506,8 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     const msg = e?.message ?? String(e);
                     if (/API key/i.test(msg)) {
                         return c.json({
-                            error: `请先为 ${reqService} 配置 API Key`,
-                            response: `请先在模型配置中为 ${reqService} 填写 API Key，然后再试。`,
+                            error: pick(language, `请先为 ${reqService} 配置 API Key`, `Configure an API Key for ${reqService} first`),
+                            response: pick(language, `请先在模型配置中为 ${reqService} 填写 API Key，然后再试。`, `Fill in an API Key for ${reqService} in the model settings, then try again.`),
                         }, 400);
                     }
                     throw e;
@@ -3463,6 +3601,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                         instruction,
                         requestedIntent,
                         actionPayload,
+                        language,
                         ...(playMode ? { playMode } : {}),
                     });
                     let createdBookId = null;
@@ -3489,7 +3628,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                             });
                         }
                     }
-                    const responseText = exec.result ?? "已完成。";
+                    const responseText = exec.result ?? pick(language, "已完成。", "Done.");
                     const responseForUser = suppressManualTextForTool(exec) ? "" : responseText;
                     await appendManualSessionMessages(root, bookSession.sessionId, [
                         manualToolAssistantMessage(responseText, exec, configuredEntry?.service ?? reqService ?? config.llm.provider, reqModel ?? config.llm.model),
@@ -3508,6 +3647,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                 }
                 catch (error) {
                     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+                    const failure = formatAgentActionFailure(message, language);
                     if (pendingBookId) {
                         bookCreateStatus.set(pendingBookId, { status: "error", error: message });
                         broadcast("book:error", { bookId: pendingBookId, sessionId: streamSessionId, error: message });
@@ -3520,9 +3660,9 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     }
                     broadcast("agent:error", { instruction, activeBookId: agentBookId, sessionId: bookSession.sessionId, sessionKind, error: message });
                     return c.json({
-                        error: { code: "AGENT_ACTION_FAILED", message },
-                        response: message,
-                    }, 502);
+                        error: { code: failure.code, message: failure.message },
+                        response: failure.message,
+                    }, failure.status);
                 }
             }
             if (shouldRunDirectWriteNext({ instruction, agentBookId, sessionKind, actionSource, requestedIntent })) {
@@ -3537,12 +3677,12 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     id: toolCallId,
                     tool: "sub_agent",
                     args: toolArgs,
-                    stages: PIPELINE_STAGES.writer,
+                    stages: pipelineStages("writer", language),
                 });
                 try {
                     const writeResult = await pipeline.writeNextChapter(directWriteBookId);
                     const writeNeedsReview = Boolean(writeResult.status && writeResult.status !== "ready-for-review");
-                    const responseText = writeNeedsReview
+                    const zhResponseText = writeNeedsReview
                         ? [
                             `已为 ${directWriteBookId} 写出第 ${writeResult.chapterNumber} 章`,
                             writeResult.title ? `《${writeResult.title}》` : "",
@@ -3553,6 +3693,13 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                             writeResult.title ? `《${writeResult.title}》` : "",
                             `，字数 ${writeResult.wordCount}，状态 ${writeResult.status}。`,
                         ].join("");
+                    const enChapterRef = writeResult.title
+                        ? `chapter ${writeResult.chapterNumber} "${writeResult.title}"`
+                        : `chapter ${writeResult.chapterNumber}`;
+                    const enResponseText = writeNeedsReview
+                        ? `Wrote ${enChapterRef} for ${directWriteBookId}: ${writeResult.wordCount} words, but the review did not pass (status: ${writeResult.status}). Manual review is required before continuing.`
+                        : `Completed ${enChapterRef} for ${directWriteBookId}: ${writeResult.wordCount} words, status ${writeResult.status}.`;
+                    const responseText = pick(language, zhResponseText, enResponseText);
                     const toolResult = {
                         content: [{ type: "text", text: responseText }],
                         details: {
@@ -3576,7 +3723,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                         id: toolCallId,
                         tool: "sub_agent",
                         agent: "writer",
-                        label: resolveToolLabel("sub_agent", "writer"),
+                        label: resolveToolLabel("sub_agent", "writer", language),
                         status: writeNeedsReview ? "error" : "completed",
                         args: toolArgs,
                         result: responseText,
@@ -3600,12 +3747,13 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                 }
                 catch (error) {
                     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+                    const failure = formatAgentActionFailure(message, language);
                     const toolResult = { content: [{ type: "text", text: message }] };
                     const exec = {
                         id: toolCallId,
                         tool: "sub_agent",
                         agent: "writer",
-                        label: resolveToolLabel("sub_agent", "writer"),
+                        label: resolveToolLabel("sub_agent", "writer", language),
                         status: "error",
                         args: toolArgs,
                         error: message,
@@ -3625,9 +3773,9 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     await refreshBookSessionFromTranscript().catch(() => undefined);
                     broadcast("agent:error", { instruction, activeBookId: agentBookId, sessionId: bookSession.sessionId, sessionKind, error: message });
                     return c.json({
-                        error: { code: "AGENT_ACTION_FAILED", message },
-                        response: message,
-                    }, 502);
+                        error: { code: failure.code, message: failure.message },
+                        response: failure.message,
+                    }, failure.status);
                 }
             }
             // The surface agent should speak the user's language, not just the project default.
@@ -3681,12 +3829,12 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     if (event.type === "tool_execution_start") {
                         const args = event.args;
                         const agent = event.toolName === "sub_agent" ? args?.agent : undefined;
-                        const stages = agent ? (PIPELINE_STAGES[agent] ?? []) : [];
+                        const stages = agent ? (pipelineStages(agent, language) ?? []) : [];
                         collectedToolExecs.push({
                             id: event.toolCallId,
                             tool: event.toolName,
                             agent,
-                            label: resolveToolLabel(event.toolName, agent),
+                            label: resolveToolLabel(event.toolName, agent, language),
                             status: "running",
                             args,
                             stages: stages.length > 0
@@ -3759,6 +3907,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     agentBookId,
                     requestedIntent,
                     collectedToolExecs,
+                    language,
                 });
                 if (actionExecutionError) {
                     return c.json({
@@ -3821,7 +3970,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     if (resolveCreatedBookIdFromToolExecs(collectedToolExecs)) {
                         await finalizeCreatedBook();
                     }
-                    const failure = formatAgentFailure(result.errorMessage);
+                    const failure = formatAgentFailure(result.errorMessage, language);
                     return c.json({
                         error: { code: failure.code, message: failure.message },
                         response: failure.message,
@@ -3832,6 +3981,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                     agentBookId,
                     requestedIntent,
                     collectedToolExecs,
+                    language,
                 });
                 if (actionExecutionError) {
                     return c.json({
@@ -3853,7 +4003,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                         },
                     });
                 }
-                const emptyMessage = "模型未返回文本内容。请检查协议类型（chat/responses）、流式开关或上游服务兼容性。";
+                const emptyMessage = pick(language, "模型未返回文本内容。请检查协议类型（chat/responses）、流式开关或上游服务兼容性。", "The model returned no text content. Check the protocol type (chat/responses), the streaming switch, or upstream service compatibility.");
                 if (resolveCreatedBookIdFromToolExecs(collectedToolExecs)) {
                     await finalizeCreatedBook();
                 }
@@ -3888,11 +4038,14 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
             // Agent busy — return 429 with user-friendly message
             if (/already processing|prompt.*queue/i.test(msg)) {
                 return c.json({
-                    error: { code: "AGENT_BUSY", message: "正在处理中，请等待当前操作完成" },
-                    response: "正在处理中，请等待当前操作完成后再发送。",
+                    error: {
+                        code: "AGENT_BUSY",
+                        message: pick(language, "正在处理中，请等待当前操作完成", "Still processing. Wait for the current operation to finish"),
+                    },
+                    response: pick(language, "正在处理中，请等待当前操作完成后再发送。", "Still processing. Wait for the current operation to finish before sending again."),
                 }, 429);
             }
-            const failure = formatAgentFailure(msg);
+            const failure = formatAgentFailure(msg, language);
             return c.json({ error: { code: failure.code, message: failure.message } }, failure.status);
         }
     });
@@ -3963,6 +4116,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                 return c.json({ error: "Chapter not found" }, 404);
             const pipeline = new PipelineRunner(await buildPipelineConfig({
                 externalContext: body.brief,
+                bookIdForSettings: id,
             }));
             const normalizedMode = body.mode ?? "spot-fix";
             const result = await pipeline.reviseDraft(id, chapterNum, normalizedMode);
@@ -4731,6 +4885,7 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
                 preferredStream: currentConfig.llm.stream,
                 preferredModel: currentConfig.llm.model,
                 proxyUrl: currentConfig.llm.proxyUrl,
+                language: normalizeStudioLanguage(currentConfig.language),
             }), DOCTOR_LLM_PROBE_BUDGET_MS, "doctor llm probe");
             checks.llmConnected = probe.ok;
         }
@@ -4762,6 +4917,140 @@ export function createStudioServer(initialConfig, root, overrides = {}) {
         films.sort((a, b) => a.title.localeCompare(b.title, "zh"));
         return c.json({ films });
     });
+    app.get("/api/v1/translations", async (c) => {
+        const translationsDir = join(root, "translations");
+        let entries = [];
+        try {
+            const dirents = await readdir(translationsDir, { withFileTypes: true });
+            entries = dirents.filter((d) => d.isDirectory()).map((d) => d.name);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            if (err.code !== "ENOENT")
+                throw err;
+        }
+        const translations = [];
+        for (const projectId of entries) {
+            if (!isSafeBookId(projectId))
+                continue;
+            try {
+                const manifest = await loadTranslationManifest(root, projectId);
+                translations.push({
+                    projectId,
+                    title: manifest.title,
+                    sourceLanguage: manifest.sourceLanguage,
+                    targetLanguage: manifest.targetLanguage,
+                    chapters: manifest.chapters.length,
+                });
+            }
+            catch {
+                // Skip dirs without a valid translation manifest.
+            }
+        }
+        translations.sort((a, b) => b.projectId.localeCompare(a.projectId));
+        return c.json({ translations });
+    });
+    app.post("/api/v1/translations/upload", async (c) => {
+        const body = await c.req.json().catch(() => ({}));
+        const result = await storeTranslationUpload(root, body);
+        return c.json(result);
+    });
+    app.post("/api/v1/translations/create", async (c) => {
+        const body = await c.req.json().catch(() => ({}));
+        if (!body.filePath?.trim()) {
+            return c.json({ error: { code: "MISSING_FILE_PATH", message: "filePath is required" } }, 400);
+        }
+        if (!body.sourceLanguage?.trim() || !body.targetLanguage?.trim()) {
+            return c.json({ error: { code: "MISSING_LANGUAGES", message: "sourceLanguage and targetLanguage are required" } }, 400);
+        }
+        const result = await createTranslationProjectFromFile(root, {
+            filePath: body.filePath,
+            sourceLanguage: body.sourceLanguage,
+            targetLanguage: body.targetLanguage,
+            title: body.title,
+            segmentMaxChars: body.segmentMaxChars,
+        });
+        return c.json({
+            ...result,
+            projectId: result.manifest.id,
+            title: result.manifest.title,
+        });
+    });
+    app.get("/api/v1/translations/:id", async (c) => {
+        const id = c.req.param("id");
+        if (!isSafeBookId(id)) {
+            return c.json({ error: { code: "INVALID_ID", message: `invalid translation id: ${id}` } }, 400);
+        }
+        try {
+            const manifest = await loadTranslationManifest(root, id);
+            const reportPath = join(root, "translations", id, "review-report.md");
+            const report = await readFile(reportPath, "utf-8").catch(() => "");
+            const chapters = await Promise.all(manifest.chapters.map(async (chapter) => {
+                const source = await loadTranslationChapter(root, chapter.sourcePath);
+                const translated = await loadTranslationChapter(root, chapter.translatedPath).catch(() => ({
+                    ...source,
+                    segments: [],
+                }));
+                const targets = new Map(translated.segments.map((segment) => [segment.index, segment]));
+                return {
+                    number: chapter.number,
+                    title: chapter.title,
+                    status: chapter.status,
+                    segments: source.segments.map((segment) => ({
+                        index: segment.index,
+                        source: segment.source,
+                        target: targets.get(segment.index)?.target ?? "",
+                        notes: targets.get(segment.index)?.notes ?? "",
+                    })),
+                };
+            }));
+            return c.json({ manifest, report, chapters });
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            if (error.code === "ENOENT") {
+                return c.json({ error: { code: "NOT_FOUND", message: `translation project not found for ${id}` } }, 404);
+            }
+            throw error;
+        }
+    });
+    app.post("/api/v1/translations/:id/run", async (c) => {
+        const id = c.req.param("id");
+        if (!isSafeBookId(id)) {
+            return c.json({ error: { code: "INVALID_ID", message: `invalid translation id: ${id}` } }, 400);
+        }
+        const body = await c.req.json().catch(() => ({}));
+        try {
+            const currentConfig = await loadCurrentProjectConfig();
+            const model = createLLMTranslationModel({
+                client: createLLMClient(currentConfig.llm),
+                model: currentConfig.llm.model,
+                maxTokens: body.maxTokens,
+            });
+            const result = await runTranslationProject(root, id, {
+                model,
+                batchSize: body.batchSize,
+            });
+            return c.json(result);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            if (error instanceof ApiError)
+                throw error;
+            const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+            const isUpstream = /API|LLM|provider|upstream|temporarily unavailable|rate limit|quota|fetch failed|ECONNREFUSED|ENOTFOUND|ETIMEDOUT|503|502|504/i.test(message);
+            throw new ApiError(isUpstream ? 502 : 500, "TRANSLATION_RUN_FAILED", message || "Translation run failed.");
+        }
+    });
+    app.post("/api/v1/translations/:id/export", async (c) => {
+        const id = c.req.param("id");
+        if (!isSafeBookId(id)) {
+            return c.json({ error: { code: "INVALID_ID", message: `invalid translation id: ${id}` } }, 400);
+        }
+        const body = await c.req.json().catch(() => ({}));
+        const result = await writeTranslationExport(root, id, {
+            format: body.format ?? "md",
+            outputPath: body.outputPath,
+        });
+        return c.json(result);
+    });
     app.post("/api/v1/projects/:id/story-graph/delta", async (c) => {
         const id = c.req.param("id");
         if (!isSafeBookId(id)) {