@abaplint/transpiler-cli 2.14.9 → 2.14.11

package/build/bundle.js

@@ -1619,11 +1619,40 @@ exports.LexerStream = LexerStream;
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.AbstractToken = void 0;
 const position_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../../position */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/position.js");
-class AbstractToken {
+const virtual_position_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../../virtual_position */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/virtual_position.js");
+// token strings repeat a lot across files (keywords, common names, upper cased copies), share them.
+// Longer strings are typically comments or text literals, not worth sharing
+const INTERN_MAX_LENGTH = 30;
+// bound the table, it lives for the lifetime of the process
+const INTERN_MAX_ENTRIES = 100000;
+// V8 represents substrings of this length or longer as slices that reference the full source,
+// these are flattened before being stored, so the table does not keep removed files alive
+const SLICED_MIN_LENGTH = 13;
+let interned = new Map();
+function intern(str) {
+    if (str.length > INTERN_MAX_LENGTH) {
+        return str;
+    }
+    const found = interned.get(str);
+    if (found !== undefined) {
+        return found;
+    }
+    if (interned.size >= INTERN_MAX_ENTRIES) {
+        interned = new Map();
+    }
+    const copy = str.length >= SLICED_MIN_LENGTH ? str.split("").join("") : str;
+    interned.set(copy, copy);
+    return copy;
+}
+// the token is its own start position, saves a separate Position object per token
+class AbstractToken extends position_1.Position {
     constructor(start, str) {
-        this.start = start;
-        this.str = str;
-        this.strUpper = str.toUpperCase();
+        super(start.getRow(), start.getCol());
+        this.str = intern(str);
+        this.strUpper = intern(str.toUpperCase());
+        if (start instanceof virtual_position_1.VirtualPosition) {
+            this.virtual = start;
+        }
     }
     // special function, for debugging purposes, see https://github.com/abaplint/abaplint/pull/3137
     [Symbol.for("debug.description")]() {
@@ -1635,17 +1664,12 @@ class AbstractToken {
     getUpperStr() {
         return this.strUpper;
     }
-    getRow() {
-        return this.start.getRow();
-    }
-    getCol() {
-        return this.start.getCol();
-    }
     getStart() {
-        return this.start;
+        var _a;
+        return (_a = this.virtual) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : this;
     }
     getEnd() {
-        return new position_1.Position(this.start.getRow(), this.start.getCol() + this.str.length);
+        return new position_1.Position(this.getRow(), this.getCol() + this.str.length);
     }
 }
 exports.AbstractToken = AbstractToken;
@@ -12333,23 +12357,25 @@ class Result {
         return this.tokens[this.tokenIndex + offset];
     }
     shift(node) {
-        return Result.fromChain(this.tokens, this.tokenIndex + 1, { node, previous: this.nodes }, this.nodeCount + 1);
+        return Result.fromChain(this.tokens, this.tokenIndex + 1, { node, tokenCount: 1, previous: this.nodes }, this.nodeCount + 1);
     }
     wrapConsumed(consumedTokens, node) {
         let current = this.nodes;
         let currentCount = this.nodeCount;
+        let tokenCount = 0;
         const children = [];
         while (consumedTokens > 0) {
             if (current === undefined) {
                 break;
             }
             children.push(current.node);
-            consumedTokens = consumedTokens - current.node.countTokens();
+            consumedTokens = consumedTokens - current.tokenCount;
+            tokenCount = tokenCount + current.tokenCount;
             current = current.previous;
             currentCount--;
         }
         node.setChildren(children.reverse());
-        this.nodes = { node, previous: current };
+        this.nodes = { node, tokenCount, previous: current };
         this.nodeCount = currentCount + 1;
         return this;
     }
@@ -12378,7 +12404,7 @@ class Result {
         this.nodes = undefined;
         this.nodeCount = 0;
         for (const node of n) {
-            this.nodes = { node, previous: this.nodes };
+            this.nodes = { node, tokenCount: node.countTokens(), previous: this.nodes };
             this.nodeCount++;
         }
     }
@@ -20468,11 +20494,15 @@ class Submit {
         const datasetExpiration = (0, combi_1.seq)("DATASET EXPIRATION", expressions_1.Source);
         const coverText = (0, combi_1.seq)("COVER TEXT", expressions_1.Source);
         const listName = (0, combi_1.seq)("LIST NAME", expressions_1.Source);
+        const listDataset = (0, combi_1.seq)("LIST DATASET", expressions_1.Source);
+        const listAuthority = (0, combi_1.seq)("LIST AUTHORITY", expressions_1.Source);
+        const coverPage = (0, combi_1.seq)("COVER PAGE", expressions_1.Source);
+        const department = (0, combi_1.seq)("DEPARTMENT", expressions_1.Source);
         const keep = (0, combi_1.seq)("KEEP IN SPOOL", expressions_1.Source);
         const imm = (0, combi_1.seq)("IMMEDIATELY", expressions_1.Source);
         const dest = (0, combi_1.seq)("DESTINATION", expressions_1.Source);
         const language = (0, combi_1.seq)("LANGUAGE", expressions_1.Source);
-        const perm = (0, combi_1.per)((0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), selectionTable, (0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), (0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), spool, lineSize, lineCount, archive, archiveMode, receiver, user, sset, ssetp, keep, cover, imm, layout, dest, coverText, listName, language, free, newList, uss, copies, datasetExpiration, "TO SAP-SPOOL", "WITHOUT SPOOL DYNPRO", "VIA SELECTION-SCREEN", exporting, expressions_1.AndReturn, job);
+        const perm = (0, combi_1.per)((0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), selectionTable, (0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), (0, combi_1.plusPrio)(awith), spool, lineSize, lineCount, archive, archiveMode, receiver, user, sset, ssetp, keep, cover, imm, layout, dest, coverText, listName, listDataset, listAuthority, coverPage, department, language, free, newList, uss, copies, datasetExpiration, "TO SAP-SPOOL", "WITHOUT SPOOL DYNPRO", "VIA SELECTION-SCREEN", exporting, expressions_1.AndReturn, job);
         const ret = (0, combi_1.seq)("SUBMIT", prog, (0, combi_1.opt)(perm));
         return (0, combi_1.verNotLang)(version_1.LanguageVersion.Cloud, ret);
     }
@@ -27265,7 +27295,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         else if (this.isOO() && this.current.getData().vars[upper] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`"${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        this.current.getData().types[upper] = type;
+        this.current.setType(upper, type);
     }
     addExtraLikeType(type) {
         if (type === undefined) {
@@ -27284,7 +27314,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         if (this.current.getData().extraLikeTypes[upper] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`Type name "${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        this.current.getData().extraLikeTypes[upper] = type;
+        this.current.setExtraLikeType(upper, type);
     }
     addClassDefinition(c) {
         if (this.current === undefined) {
@@ -27294,13 +27324,13 @@ class CurrentScope {
         if (this.current.getData().cdefs[name] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`Class "${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        this.current.getData().cdefs[name] = c;
+        this.current.setClassDefinition(name, c);
     }
     addFormDefinitions(f) {
         if (this.current === undefined) {
             return;
         }
-        this.current.getData().forms.push(...f);
+        this.current.addFormDefinitions(f);
     }
     /** The FORM definitions are built up front, at that point the program level types are not known.
      * When the FORM statement is traversed it is replaced with one resolved in the scope of the FORM */
@@ -27325,7 +27355,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         if (this.current.getData().cdefs[name] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`Interface "${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        this.current.getData().idefs[name] = i;
+        this.current.setInterfaceDefinition(name, i);
     }
     addNamedIdentifier(name, identifier) {
         if (this.current === undefined) {
@@ -27339,7 +27369,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         else if (this.isOO() && this.current.getData().types[upper] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`"${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        this.current.getData().vars[upper] = identifier;
+        this.current.setVariable(upper, identifier);
     }
     addNamedIdentifierToParent(name, identifier) {
         if (this.current === undefined) {
@@ -27357,7 +27387,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         else if (this.isOO() && parent.getData().types[upper] !== undefined) {
             throw new Error(`"${name}" already defined`);
         }
-        parent.getData().vars[upper] = identifier;
+        parent.setVariable(upper, identifier);
     }
     addIdentifier(identifier) {
         if (identifier === undefined) {
@@ -27369,7 +27399,7 @@ class CurrentScope {
         if (token === undefined) {
             return;
         }
-        this.current.getData().deferred[token.getStr().toUpperCase()] = { token, ooType: type };
+        this.current.setDeferred(token.getStr().toUpperCase(), { token, ooType: type });
     }
     addListPrefix(identifiers, prefix) {
         for (const id of identifiers) {
@@ -27389,16 +27419,16 @@ class CurrentScope {
         const position = new _identifier_1.Identifier(usage, filename);
         if (Array.isArray(type)) {
             for (const t of type) {
-                (_a = this.current) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getData().references.push({ position, resolved: referencing, referenceType: t, extra });
+                (_a = this.current) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.addReference({ position, resolved: referencing, referenceType: t, extra });
             }
         }
         else {
-            (_b = this.current) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getData().references.push({ position, resolved: referencing, referenceType: type, extra });
+            (_b = this.current) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.addReference({ position, resolved: referencing, referenceType: type, extra });
         }
     }
     addSQLConversion(fieldName, message, token) {
         var _a;
-        (_a = this.current) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getData().sqlConversion.push({ fieldName, message, token });
+        (_a = this.current) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.addSQLConversion({ fieldName, message, token });
     }
     ///////////////////////////
     findFunctionModule(name) {
@@ -27434,6 +27464,9 @@ class CurrentScope {
             return undefined;
         }
         const name = (_a = this.parentObj.getClassDefinition()) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.behaviorDefinitionName;
+        return this.findBehaviorDefinitionByName(name);
+    }
+    findBehaviorDefinitionByName(name) {
         if (name === undefined) {
             return undefined;
         }
@@ -27763,6 +27796,84 @@ exports.CurrentScope = CurrentScope;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_eml.js"
+/*!*********************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_eml.js ***!
+  \*********************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.EML = void 0;
+const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+const _syntax_input_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_syntax_input */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_syntax_input.js");
+/** checks the entities referenced in EML statements, eg. READ ENTITIES and MODIFY ENTITIES */
+class EML {
+    static checkEntities(node, input) {
+        var _a;
+        var _b;
+        const nameNode = node.findDirectExpression(Expressions.NamespaceSimpleName);
+        if (nameNode === undefined) {
+            // eg. dynamic "MODIFY ENTITIES OPERATIONS" or "ENTITY zentity\_association"
+            return;
+        }
+        const name = nameNode.concatTokens();
+        const scope = input.scope;
+        if (node.findDirectTokenByText("ENTITIES") !== undefined) {
+            // "ENTITIES OF" refers to the behavior definition
+            if (scope.findBehaviorDefinitionByName(name) === undefined && scope.getDDIC().inErrorNamespace(name)) {
+                input.issues.push((0, _syntax_input_1.syntaxIssue)(input, nameNode.getFirstToken(), `Behavior definition "${name}" not found`));
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        // single "ENTITY", inside a behavior pool the alias defined in the BDEF can be used
+        const entity = (_b = (_a = scope.findBehaviorDefinition()) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.findEntityNameByAlias(name)) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : name;
+        if (scope.getDDIC().inErrorNamespace(entity)
+            && scope.findBehaviorDefinitionByName(entity) === undefined
+            && scope.getDDIC().lookupDDLS(entity) === undefined) {
+            input.issues.push((0, _syntax_input_1.syntaxIssue)(input, nameNode.getFirstToken(), `Entity "${name}" not found`));
+        }
+    }
+}
+exports.EML = EML;
+//# sourceMappingURL=_eml.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_loop_table_change.js"
 /*!***********************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_loop_table_change.js ***!
@@ -28133,6 +28244,16 @@ class ObjectOriented {
         }
         return `The special method "${name}" cannot be called directly`;
     }
+    // classic exceptions cannot be raised in a method declaring class based exceptions, returns the message otherwise
+    checkClassicException() {
+        var _a;
+        const methodName = this.scope.getEnclosingMethodName();
+        const classDef = this.scope.findClassDefinition(this.scope.getEnclosingClassName());
+        if (methodName && classDef && ((_a = this.searchMethodName(classDef, methodName).method) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getRaising().length)) {
+            return "Classic exceptions cannot be raised in methods with class based exceptions";
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
     // SUPER-> can only call the previous implementation of the method it is used in, returns the message otherwise
     // both names are resolved in the super class, so an alias and the method it stands for are the same
     checkSuperCall(superDef, methodName) {
@@ -30752,6 +30873,10 @@ class BasicTypes {
                 this.input.issues.push((0, _syntax_input_1.syntaxIssue)(this.input, chain.getFirstToken(), message));
                 return undefined;
             }
+            else if (concat === "SY-REPID" || concat === "SYST-REPID") {
+                // predefined constant in every program, not a SYST component
+                return undefined;
+            }
             return this.resolveConstantValue(chain);
         }
         throw new Error("findValue, unexpected");
@@ -38742,23 +38867,81 @@ const _typed_identifier_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../types/_typed_identifier *
 const _identifier_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../4_file_information/_identifier */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/4_file_information/_identifier.js");
 const _reference_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_reference */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_reference.js");
 const assert_error_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./assert_error */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/assert_error.js");
+// most scopes only use a few of the containers, empty ones are shared and replaced on first write
+const EMPTY_OBJECT = Object.freeze({});
+const EMPTY_ARRAY = Object.freeze([]);
 class ScopeData {
     constructor() {
         this.data = {
-            vars: {},
-            cdefs: {},
-            idefs: {},
-            forms: [], // todo, refactor to object
-            types: {},
-            extraLikeTypes: {},
-            deferred: {},
-            references: [],
-            sqlConversion: [],
+            vars: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            cdefs: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            idefs: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            forms: EMPTY_ARRAY, // todo, refactor to object
+            types: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            extraLikeTypes: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            deferred: EMPTY_OBJECT,
+            references: EMPTY_ARRAY,
+            sqlConversion: EMPTY_ARRAY,
         };
     }
     getData() {
         return this.data;
     }
+    // the shared empty containers are frozen, the methods below replace them on first write
+    setVariable(name, identifier) {
+        if (this.data.vars === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.vars = {};
+        }
+        this.data.vars[name] = identifier;
+    }
+    setType(name, type) {
+        if (this.data.types === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.types = {};
+        }
+        this.data.types[name] = type;
+    }
+    setExtraLikeType(name, type) {
+        if (this.data.extraLikeTypes === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.extraLikeTypes = {};
+        }
+        this.data.extraLikeTypes[name] = type;
+    }
+    setDeferred(name, deferred) {
+        if (this.data.deferred === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.deferred = {};
+        }
+        this.data.deferred[name] = deferred;
+    }
+    setClassDefinition(name, cdef) {
+        if (this.data.cdefs === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.cdefs = {};
+        }
+        this.data.cdefs[name] = cdef;
+    }
+    setInterfaceDefinition(name, idef) {
+        if (this.data.idefs === EMPTY_OBJECT) {
+            this.data.idefs = {};
+        }
+        this.data.idefs[name] = idef;
+    }
+    addFormDefinitions(forms) {
+        if (this.data.forms === EMPTY_ARRAY) {
+            this.data.forms = [];
+        }
+        this.data.forms.push(...forms);
+    }
+    addReference(reference) {
+        if (this.data.references === EMPTY_ARRAY) {
+            this.data.references = [];
+        }
+        this.data.references.push(reference);
+    }
+    addSQLConversion(conversion) {
+        if (this.data.sqlConversion === EMPTY_ARRAY) {
+            this.data.sqlConversion = [];
+        }
+        this.data.sqlConversion.push(conversion);
+    }
 }
 class SpaghettiScopeNode extends ScopeData {
     [Symbol.for("debug.description")]() {
@@ -44963,8 +45146,16 @@ const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../types/basic */ "./node_modules/@ab
 const source_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/source */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/source.js");
 const target_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/target */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/target.js");
 const message_source_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/message_source */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/message_source.js");
+const _syntax_input_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../_syntax_input */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_syntax_input.js");
+const _object_oriented_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../_object_oriented */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_object_oriented.js");
 class Message {
     runSyntax(node, input) {
+        const exceptionName = node.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ExceptionName);
+        const classicMessage = exceptionName ? new _object_oriented_1.ObjectOriented(input.scope).checkClassicException() : undefined;
+        if (exceptionName && classicMessage) {
+            input.issues.push((0, _syntax_input_1.syntaxIssue)(input, exceptionName.getFirstToken(), classicMessage));
+            return;
+        }
         const found = node.findExpressionAfterToken("INTO");
         const inline = found === null || found === void 0 ? void 0 : found.findDirectExpression(Expressions.InlineData);
         if (inline) {
@@ -45230,8 +45421,10 @@ const source_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/source */ "./node_module
 const target_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/target */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/target.js");
 const inline_data_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/inline_data */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/inline_data.js");
 const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
+const _eml_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../_eml */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_eml.js");
 class ModifyEntities {
     runSyntax(node, input) {
+        _eml_1.EML.checkEntities(node, input);
         for (const s of node.findDirectExpressions(Expressions.Source)) {
             source_1.Source.runSyntax(s, input);
         }
@@ -46207,6 +46400,12 @@ class Raise {
         var _a, _b, _c, _d, _e, _f;
         const helper = new _object_oriented_1.ObjectOriented(input.scope);
         let method;
+        const exceptionName = node.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ExceptionName);
+        const classicMessage = exceptionName ? helper.checkClassicException() : undefined;
+        if (exceptionName && classicMessage) {
+            input.issues.push((0, _syntax_input_1.syntaxIssue)(input, exceptionName.getFirstToken(), classicMessage));
+            return;
+        }
         const classTok = (_a = node.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ClassName)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getFirstToken();
         const className = classTok === null || classTok === void 0 ? void 0 : classTok.getStr();
         if (classTok && className) {
@@ -46541,8 +46740,10 @@ const source_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/source */ "./node_module
 const target_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/target */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/target.js");
 const inline_data_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../expressions/inline_data */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/expressions/inline_data.js");
 const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
+const _eml_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../_eml */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_eml.js");
 class ReadEntities {
     runSyntax(node, input) {
+        _eml_1.EML.checkEntities(node, input);
         for (const s of node.findDirectExpressions(Expressions.Source)) {
             source_1.Source.runSyntax(s, input);
         }
@@ -50951,7 +51152,7 @@ class SyntaxLogic {
         this.reg.getMSAGReferences().clear(this.object);
         if (this.object instanceof objects_1.Program && this.object.isInclude()) {
             // todo, show some kind of error?
-            return { issues: [], spaghetti: this.scope.pop(new position_1.Position(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)) };
+            return { issues: [], spaghetti: this.scope.pop(new position_1.Position(position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE, position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE)) };
         }
         this.traverseObject();
         // the FORM definitions are now all traversed, ie. their parameters are typed
@@ -50960,7 +51161,7 @@ class SyntaxLogic {
         }
         this.deferred = [];
         for (;;) {
-            const spaghetti = this.scope.pop(new position_1.Position(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)); // pop built-in scopes
+            const spaghetti = this.scope.pop(new position_1.Position(position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE, position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE)); // pop built-in scopes
             if (spaghetti.getTop().getIdentifier().stype === _scope_type_1.ScopeType.BuiltIn) {
                 const result = { issues: this.issues, spaghetti };
                 this.object.syntaxResult = result;
@@ -51695,7 +51896,6 @@ const _abstract_node_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_abstract_node */ "./node_mod
 class ExpressionNode extends _abstract_node_1.AbstractNode {
     constructor(expression) {
         super();
-        this.tokenCount = 0;
         this.expression = expression;
     }
     addChild(_n) {
@@ -51706,13 +51906,15 @@ class ExpressionNode extends _abstract_node_1.AbstractNode {
     }
     setChildren(children) {
         super.setChildren(children);
-        for (const child of this.getChildren()) {
-            this.tokenCount = this.tokenCount + child.countTokens();
-        }
         return this;
     }
+    // not stored on the node, saves a field per ExpressionNode, the statement parser tracks counts itself
     countTokens() {
-        return this.tokenCount;
+        let count = 0;
+        for (const child of this.getChildren()) {
+            count = count + child.countTokens();
+        }
+        return count;
     }
     getFirstToken() {
         for (const child of this.getChildren()) {
@@ -56644,6 +56846,874 @@ exports.ArtifactsRules = ArtifactsRules;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/bdef_parser.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/bdef_parser.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFParser = void 0;
+const tokens_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/1_lexer/tokens */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/1_lexer/tokens/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+const nodes_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/nodes */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/nodes/index.js");
+const cds_lexer_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../cds/cds_lexer */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/cds/cds_lexer.js");
+const version_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../version */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/version.js");
+const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js"));
+class BDEFParser {
+    parse(file) {
+        if (file === undefined) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        // BDEF has the same comments, strings and delimiters as CDS
+        const tokens = this.removePragmas(cds_lexer_1.CDSLexer.run(file).filter(t => !(t instanceof tokens_1.Comment)));
+        const res = combi_1.Combi.run(new Expressions.BDEFDefinition(), tokens, version_1.defaultRelease);
+        if (res === undefined || !(res[0] instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return res[0];
+    }
+    /** pragmas can occur in many places, eg. "##NOT_ASSIGNED_TO_DETACT" or "##UNMAPPED_FIELD[SingletonID]" */
+    removePragmas(tokens) {
+        var _a;
+        const ret = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
+            if (tokens[i].getStr().startsWith("##") === false) {
+                ret.push(tokens[i]);
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (((_a = tokens[i + 1]) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStr()) === "[") {
+                while (i < tokens.length - 1 && tokens[i].getStr() !== "]") {
+                    i++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFParser = BDEFParser;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_parser.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_action.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_action.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFAction = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** actions and functions, eg. "static factory action ( features : global ) copy parameter ZPARAM result [1] $self;" */
+class BDEFAction extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const modifier = (0, combi_1.altPrio)("INTERNAL", "STATIC", "FACTORY", "DEFAULT", "DRAFT", "REPEATABLE", "RECOMMENDATION", (0, combi_1.seq)("SAVE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions)), (0, combi_1.seq)("KEY", _1.BDEFOptions));
+        const tail = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("EXTERNAL", _1.BDEFString), (0, combi_1.seq)("AS", _1.BDEFName), _1.BDEFParameter, _1.BDEFResult, _1.BDEFCardinality, "OPTIMIZED", "EXTENSIBLE", "WITH ADDITIONAL IMPLEMENTATION");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.starPrio)(modifier), (0, combi_1.altPrio)("ACTION", "FUNCTION"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(tail), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFDefaultFunction));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFAction = BDEFAction;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_action.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_alias.js"
+/*!******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_alias.js ***!
+  \******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFAlias = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+class BDEFAlias extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("ALIAS", _1.BDEFName);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFAlias = BDEFAlias;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_alias.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association.js"
+/*!************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association.js ***!
+  \************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFAssociation = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "association _Booking { create; with draft; }" */
+class BDEFAssociation extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        // cross BO association, eg. "using /DMO/R_TRAVELTP_XBO \_Agency"
+        const using = (0, combi_1.seq)("USING", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.regex)(/^\\\w+$/)));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("INTERNAL", "UNMANAGED", "ANCESTOR")), "ASSOCIATION", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)(using), (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("ABBREVIATION", _1.BDEFName)), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("WITH HIERARCHY"), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFAssociationBody));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFAssociation = BDEFAssociation;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_association.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association_body.js"
+/*!*****************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association_body.js ***!
+  \*****************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFAssociationBody = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "{ create ( features : instance ); with draft; link action linkManager; }" */
+class BDEFAssociationBody extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const create = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("INTERNAL"), "CREATE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFDefaultFunction));
+        const withh = (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("DRAFT", "DEPENDENT DRAFT", "CASCADING DELETE"), ";");
+        const link = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("LINK", "UNLINK"), "ACTION", _1.BDEFName, ";");
+        const inverse = (0, combi_1.seq)("INVERSE FUNCTION", _1.BDEFName, ";");
+        const item = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(create, withh, link, inverse, ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFAssociationBody = BDEFAssociationBody;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_association_body.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_authorization_context.js"
+/*!**********************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_authorization_context.js ***!
+  \**********************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFAuthorizationContext = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "define own authorization context { 'S_TABU_NAM'; }" or "define own authorization context by privileged mode;" */
+class BDEFAuthorizationContext extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const item = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)(_1.BDEFString, _1.BDEFName), ";");
+        const body = (0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(";"));
+        const privileged = (0, combi_1.seq)("BY PRIVILEGED MODE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("AND"));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("DEFINE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("OWN"), "AUTHORIZATION CONTEXT", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)(privileged, _1.BDEFName)), (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("FOR DISABLE", _1.BDEFOptions)), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", body));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFAuthorizationContext = BDEFAuthorizationContext;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_authorization_context.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_cardinality.js"
+/*!************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_cardinality.js ***!
+  \************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFCardinality = void 0;
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "[1]" or "[0..*]" */
+class BDEFCardinality extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const integer = (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\d+$/);
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("[", integer, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(".", ".", (0, combi_1.altPrio)(integer, "*"))), "]");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFCardinality = BDEFCardinality;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_cardinality.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_default_function.js"
+/*!*****************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_default_function.js ***!
+  \*****************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFDefaultFunction = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "{ default function GetDefaultsForCreate; }" */
+class BDEFDefaultFunction extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const func = (0, combi_1.seq)("DEFAULT FUNCTION", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("EXTERNAL", _1.BDEFString)))), ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.plusPrio)(func), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFDefaultFunction = BDEFDefaultFunction;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_default_function.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_define_behavior.js"
+/*!****************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_define_behavior.js ***!
+  \****************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFDefineBehavior = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** behavior of one entity, "define behavior for ZI_Travel alias Travel ... { ... }" */
+class BDEFDefineBehavior extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const fieldMapping = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, "=", _1.BDEFName);
+        const lockMapping = (0, combi_1.seq)("(", fieldMapping, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", fieldMapping)), ")");
+        const dependentBy = (0, combi_1.seq)("DEPENDENT", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("BY", _1.BDEFName)));
+        const save = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("WITH ADDITIONAL SAVE", "WITH UNMANAGED SAVE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("AND CLEANUP"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("WITH FULL DATA"));
+        const option = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(_1.BDEFAlias, _1.BDEFImplementationIn, (0, combi_1.seq)("EXTERNAL", _1.BDEFString), (0, combi_1.seq)("PERSISTENT TABLE", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("DRAFT TABLE", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("QUERY", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("LOCK", (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("MASTER", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("UNMANAGED")), (0, combi_1.seq)(dependentBy, (0, combi_1.optPrio)(lockMapping)))), (0, combi_1.seq)("AUTHORIZATION", (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("MASTER", _1.BDEFOptions), dependentBy)), (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("TOTAL"), "ETAG", (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("MASTER", _1.BDEFName), dependentBy, _1.BDEFName)), 
+        // eg. "( lock, authorization, etag ) dependent by _Travel"
+        (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFOptions, dependentBy), (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("LATE", "EARLY"), "NUMBERING", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("IN PLACE")), save, "WITH CONTROL", "USE ETAG", (0, combi_1.seq)("USING", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("CHANGEDOCUMENTS", (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("MASTER", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("UTC"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions)), dependentBy)), "EXTENSIBLE");
+        const item = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(_1.BDEFUse, _1.BDEFDetermineAction, _1.BDEFOperation, _1.BDEFAction, _1.BDEFDetermination, _1.BDEFField, _1.BDEFAssociation, _1.BDEFMapping, _1.BDEFSideEffects, _1.BDEFEvent, _1.BDEFHierarchy, _1.BDEFKey, (0, combi_1.seq)("CHANGEDOCUMENTS", _1.BDEFOptions, ";"), ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("DEFINE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("ROOT"), "BEHAVIOR FOR"), "EXTEND BEHAVIOR FOR"), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(option), "{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(";"));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFDefineBehavior = BDEFDefineBehavior;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_define_behavior.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_definition.js"
+/*!***********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_definition.js ***!
+  \***********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFDefinition = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+class BDEFDefinition extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFImplementationType, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)(_1.BDEFHeader, _1.BDEFDefineBehavior, _1.BDEFAuthorizationContext)));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFDefinition = BDEFDefinition;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_definition.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determination.js"
+/*!**************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determination.js ***!
+  \**************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFDetermination = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** determinations and validations, eg. "validation validateDates on save { create; field BeginDate, EndDate; }" */
+class BDEFDetermination extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const fields = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFFieldPath, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", _1.BDEFFieldPath)));
+        const trigger = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("CREATE", "UPDATE", "DELETE"), ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("FIELD", fields, ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("ENTITY", fields, ";"), ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("DETERMINATION", "VALIDATION"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, "ON", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("MODIFY", "SAVE"), "{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(trigger), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFDetermination = BDEFDetermination;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_determination.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determine_action.js"
+/*!*****************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determine_action.js ***!
+  \*****************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFDetermineAction = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "draft determine action Prepare { validation validateDate; determination ( always ) Child ~ setStatus; }" */
+class BDEFDetermineAction extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const item = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("VALIDATION", "DETERMINATION"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFReference, ";");
+        const body = (0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("EXTEND"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("DRAFT"), "DETERMINE ACTION", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)("EXTENSIBLE"), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", body));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFDetermineAction = BDEFDetermineAction;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_determine_action.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_event.js"
+/*!******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_event.js ***!
+  \******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFEvent = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "event TravelCreated parameter ZD_TRAVEL_EVENT;" or "event StatusUpdated for side effects;" */
+class BDEFEvent extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const tail = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("ON", _1.BDEFName), _1.BDEFParameter, "FOR SIDE EFFECTS", (0, combi_1.seq)("DESCRIPTION", _1.BDEFString), (0, combi_1.seq)("CATEGORY", _1.BDEFName));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("MANAGED"), "EVENT", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(tail), ";");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFEvent = BDEFEvent;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_event.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field.js"
+/*!******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field.js ***!
+  \******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFField = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** field characteristics, eg. "field ( readonly, numbering : managed ) ID, CreatedBy;" */
+class BDEFField extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("FIELD", _1.BDEFOptions, _1.BDEFFieldPath, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", _1.BDEFFieldPath)), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(","), ";");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFField = BDEFField;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_field.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field_path.js"
+/*!***********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field_path.js ***!
+  \***********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFFieldPath = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** field or association, possibly via associations, eg. "_Root.TotalPieces" */
+class BDEFFieldPath extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(".", _1.BDEFName)));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFFieldPath = BDEFFieldPath;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_field_path.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_header.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_header.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFHeader = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** header statements following the implementation type, eg. "strict ( 2 );" or "with draft;" */
+class BDEFHeader extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const extensibleItem = (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH", (0, combi_1.plusPrio)((0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+$/)), ";");
+        const extensible = (0, combi_1.seq)("EXTENSIBLE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(extensibleItem), "}")), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(";"));
+        return (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("STRICT", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("(", (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\d+$/), ")")), ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH DRAFT", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("USE DRAFT", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("AS DEPENDENT"), ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("WITH", "USE"), "COLLABORATIVE DRAFT", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH PRIVILEGED MODE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("DISABLING", _1.BDEFName)), ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH MANAGED INSTANCE FILTER", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH HIERARCHY", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("WITH CROSS ASSOCIATIONS", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("USE SIDE EFFECTS", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("USE RECOMMENDATIONS", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("FOREIGN ENTITY", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFAlias), ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("SCALAR ENTITY", _1.BDEFName, "FIELD", _1.BDEFName, ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("AUXILIARY CLASS", _1.BDEFName, ";"), extensible);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFHeader = BDEFHeader;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_header.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_hierarchy.js"
+/*!**********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_hierarchy.js ***!
+  \**********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFHierarchy = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "instance hierarchy /DMO/I_EmployeeHN { managed reorder action changeNextSibling; ascending association _Manager; }" */
+class BDEFHierarchy extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const action = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("MANAGED"), (0, combi_1.altPrio)("REORDER", "COPY"), "ACTION", _1.BDEFName, ";");
+        const association = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("ASCENDING", "DESCENDING"), "ASSOCIATION", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFAssociationBody));
+        const item = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(action, association, _1.BDEFField, ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("INSTANCE HIERARCHY", _1.BDEFName, "{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFHierarchy = BDEFHierarchy;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_hierarchy.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_in.js"
+/*!******************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_in.js ***!
+  \******************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFImplementationIn = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+class BDEFImplementationIn extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("IMPLEMENTATION IN CLASS", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)("UNIQUE"));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFImplementationIn = BDEFImplementationIn;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_implementation_in.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_type.js"
+/*!********************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_type.js ***!
+  \********************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFImplementationType = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** first statement, eg. "managed with additional save implementation in class zbp_travel unique;" */
+class BDEFImplementationType extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const extension = (0, combi_1.seq)("EXTENSION", (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("USING INTERFACE", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("FOR", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("PROJECTION", "INTERFACE")))));
+        const type = (0, combi_1.altPrio)("MANAGED", "UNMANAGED", "ABSTRACT", "PROJECTION", "INTERFACE", extension, 
+        // old syntax, eg. "implementation unmanaged;"
+        (0, combi_1.seq)("IMPLEMENTATION", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("MANAGED", "UNMANAGED", "ABSTRACT", "PROJECTION")));
+        const save = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("WITH ADDITIONAL SAVE", "WITH UNMANAGED SAVE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("AND CLEANUP"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("WITH FULL DATA"));
+        const option = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(_1.BDEFImplementationIn, save);
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)(type, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(option), ";");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFImplementationType = BDEFImplementationType;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_implementation_type.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_key.js"
+/*!****************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_key.js ***!
+  \****************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFKey = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** alternative key, eg. "define pure key AlternativeKey { id; }" */
+class BDEFKey extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const fields = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", _1.BDEFName)), ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("DEFINE", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("PURE"), "KEY", _1.BDEFName, "{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(fields), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFKey = BDEFKey;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_key.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_mapping.js"
+/*!********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_mapping.js ***!
+  \********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFMapping = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "mapping for ztravel corresponding { TravelID = travel_id; }" */
+class BDEFMapping extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const names = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", _1.BDEFName)));
+        const line = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, "=", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("CONTROL", _1.BDEFName)), ";");
+        // deep mapping of a sub node, eg. "sub _Items = items;"
+        const sub = (0, combi_1.seq)("SUB", _1.BDEFName, "=", _1.BDEFName, ";");
+        const body = (0, combi_1.seq)("{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)(sub, line, ";")), "}");
+        const option = (0, combi_1.altPrio)("CORRESPONDING", "EXTENSIBLE", (0, combi_1.seq)("EXCEPT", names), (0, combi_1.seq)("CONTROL", _1.BDEFName));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("DEEP"), "MAPPING FOR", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(option), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", body));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFMapping = BDEFMapping;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_mapping.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_name.js"
+/*!*****************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_name.js ***!
+  \*****************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFName = void 0;
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+class BDEFName extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const word = (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\$?\w+$/);
+        const slashName = (0, combi_1.seq)("/", (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+$/), "/", (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+$/));
+        return (0, combi_1.altPrio)(slashName, word);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFName = BDEFName;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_name.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_operation.js"
+/*!**********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_operation.js ***!
+  \**********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFOperation = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** standard operations, eg. "internal create ( features : global );" */
+class BDEFOperation extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("INTERNAL", "STATIC")), (0, combi_1.altPrio)("CREATE", "UPDATE", "DELETE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFDefaultFunction));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFOperation = BDEFOperation;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_operation.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_options.js"
+/*!********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_options.js ***!
+  \********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFOptions = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "( features : instance, precheck )", "( read only )" or "( hierarchy-index )" */
+class BDEFOptions extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const name = (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("-", _1.BDEFName), _1.BDEFName)));
+        const option = (0, combi_1.seq)(name, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(":", _1.BDEFName)));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("(", option, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", option)), ")");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFOptions = BDEFOptions;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_options.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_parameter.js"
+/*!**********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_parameter.js ***!
+  \**********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFParameter = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "deep parameter ZD_PARAMETER" */
+class BDEFParameter extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("DEEP"), "PARAMETER", _1.BDEFName);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFParameter = BDEFParameter;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_parameter.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_reference.js"
+/*!**********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_reference.js ***!
+  \**********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFReference = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** reference to a determination, validation or action, optionally prefixed with an entity, eg. "Child ~ validatePercentage" */
+class BDEFReference extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const namespace = (0, combi_1.seq)("/", (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+$/), "/");
+        const tildeEnd = (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+~$/);
+        return (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, "~", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.regex)(/^~\w+$/)), (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)(namespace), tildeEnd, _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)(namespace), (0, combi_1.regex)(/^\w+~\w+$/)), _1.BDEFName);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFReference = BDEFReference;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_reference.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_result.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_result.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFResult = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "result [1] $self", "deep result ZD_RESULT" or "result selective [0..*] entity ZI_Travel" */
+class BDEFResult extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.optPrio)("DEEP"), "RESULT", (0, combi_1.optPrio)("SELECTIVE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFCardinality), (0, combi_1.optPrio)("ENTITY"), _1.BDEFName);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFResult = BDEFResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_result.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_side_effects.js"
+/*!*************************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_side_effects.js ***!
+  \*************************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFSideEffects = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** eg. "side effects { field Price affects field TotalPrice, messages; }" */
+class BDEFSideEffects extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const fieldList = (0, combi_1.seq)("(", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", _1.BDEFName)), ")");
+        // eg. "field *", "field ( A, B )", "field _Item.*" or "field _Root.( A, B )"
+        const field = (0, combi_1.seq)("FIELD", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("*", fieldList, (0, combi_1.seq)(_1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(".", (0, combi_1.altPrio)("*", fieldList, _1.BDEFName))))));
+        const permission = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("ACTION", _1.BDEFReference), field, (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("CREATE", "UPDATE", "DELETE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFName)));
+        const permissions = (0, combi_1.seq)("PERMISSIONS", "(", permission, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", permission)), ")");
+        const target = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(field, (0, combi_1.seq)("ENTITY", _1.BDEFFieldPath), "MESSAGES", permissions, "$SELF");
+        const targets = (0, combi_1.seq)(target, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", target)));
+        const trigger = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(field, (0, combi_1.seq)("ENTITY", _1.BDEFFieldPath), "$SELF");
+        const triggers = (0, combi_1.seq)(trigger, (0, combi_1.starPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(",", trigger)));
+        const source = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(field, (0, combi_1.seq)("ACTION", _1.BDEFReference), (0, combi_1.seq)("DETERMINE ACTION", _1.BDEFReference, "EXECUTED ON", triggers), (0, combi_1.seq)("ENTITY", _1.BDEFFieldPath), (0, combi_1.seq)("EVENT", _1.BDEFName), "$SELF");
+        const recommendation = (0, combi_1.seq)("RECOMMENDATION FUNCTION", _1.BDEFName, "EXECUTED ON", triggers, ";");
+        const item = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)(source, "AFFECTS", targets, ";"), recommendation, ";");
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("SIDE EFFECTS", "{", (0, combi_1.starPrio)(item), "}");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFSideEffects = BDEFSideEffects;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_side_effects.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_string.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_string.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFString = void 0;
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+class BDEFString extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        return (0, combi_1.regex)(/^'(?:[^']|'')*'$/);
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFString = BDEFString;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_string.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_use.js"
+/*!****************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_use.js ***!
+  \****************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFUse = void 0;
+const _1 = __webpack_require__(/*! . */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const combi_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../../abap/2_statements/combi */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/combi.js");
+/** reuse in projections and interfaces, eg. "use action acceptTravel as accept;" */
+class BDEFUse extends combi_1.Expression {
+    getRunnable() {
+        const end = (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFDefaultFunction);
+        const operation = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("CREATE", "UPDATE", "DELETE"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), end);
+        const actionTail = (0, combi_1.altPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("AS", _1.BDEFName), (0, combi_1.seq)("EXTERNAL", _1.BDEFString), _1.BDEFParameter, _1.BDEFResult);
+        const action = (0, combi_1.seq)((0, combi_1.altPrio)("ACTION", "FUNCTION"), (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.starPrio)(actionTail), end);
+        const association = (0, combi_1.seq)("ASSOCIATION", (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFOptions), _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)((0, combi_1.seq)("ABBREVIATION", _1.BDEFName)), (0, combi_1.altPrio)(";", _1.BDEFAssociationBody));
+        return (0, combi_1.seq)("USE", (0, combi_1.altPrio)(operation, action, association, (0, combi_1.seq)("ETAG", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("SIDE EFFECTS", ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("KEY", _1.BDEFName, ";"), (0, combi_1.seq)("EVENT", _1.BDEFName, (0, combi_1.optPrio)(_1.BDEFParameter), ";")));
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFUse = BDEFUse;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_use.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js"
+/*!*************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js ***!
+  \*************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __exportStar = (this && this.__exportStar) || function(m, exports) {
+    for (var p in m) if (p !== "default" && !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(exports, p)) __createBinding(exports, m, p);
+};
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_action */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_action.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_alias */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_alias.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_association_body */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association_body.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_association */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_association.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_authorization_context */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_authorization_context.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_cardinality */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_cardinality.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_default_function */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_default_function.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_define_behavior */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_define_behavior.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_definition */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_definition.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_determination */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determination.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_determine_action */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_determine_action.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_event */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_event.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_field_path */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field_path.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_field */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_field.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_header */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_header.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_hierarchy */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_hierarchy.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_implementation_in */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_in.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_implementation_type */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_implementation_type.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_key */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_key.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_mapping */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_mapping.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_name */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_name.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_operation */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_operation.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_options */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_options.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_parameter */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_parameter.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_reference */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_reference.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_result */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_result.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_side_effects */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_side_effects.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_string */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_string.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_use */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/bdef_use.js"), exports);
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/cds/cds_determine_types.js"
 /*!**************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/cds/cds_determine_types.js ***!
@@ -61667,6 +62737,7 @@ exports.Diagnostics = Diagnostics;
 
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.DumpScope = void 0;
+const position_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../position */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/position.js");
 const _scope_type_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/5_syntax/_scope_type */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_scope_type.js");
 class DumpScope {
     static dump(spaghetti) {
@@ -61680,8 +62751,8 @@ class DumpScope {
         const sident = "&nbsp".repeat(indent * 2);
         let ret = sident + "<u>" + identifier.stype + ", <tt>" + identifier.sname + "</tt>";
         ret += ", (" + coverage.start.getRow() + ", " + coverage.start.getCol() + ")";
-        if (coverage.end.getRow() === Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER
-            && coverage.end.getCol() === Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
+        if (coverage.end.getRow() === position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE
+            && coverage.end.getCol() === position_1.MAX_POSITION_VALUE) {
             ret += ", (max, max)";
         }
         else {
@@ -64285,6 +65356,8 @@ exports.BADIDefinition = BADIDefinition;
 
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.BehaviorDefinition = void 0;
+const bdef_parser_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../bdef/bdef_parser */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/bdef_parser.js");
+const expressions_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../bdef/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
 const _abstract_object_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_abstract_object */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/_abstract_object.js");
 class BehaviorDefinition extends _abstract_object_1.AbstractObject {
     constructor() {
@@ -64307,8 +65380,30 @@ class BehaviorDefinition extends _abstract_object_1.AbstractObject {
     findSourceFile() {
         return this.getFiles().find(f => f.getFilename().endsWith(".asbdef"));
     }
+    parse() {
+        if (this.isDirty() === false && this.parsedData !== undefined) {
+            return { updated: false, runtime: 0 };
+        }
+        const start = Date.now();
+        const tree = new bdef_parser_1.BDEFParser().parse(this.findSourceFile());
+        this.parsedData = {
+            entities: tree ? this.findEntities(tree) : this.findEntitiesFallback(),
+            tree,
+        };
+        this.dirty = false;
+        return { updated: true, runtime: Date.now() - start };
+    }
+    getTree() {
+        var _a;
+        this.parse();
+        return (_a = this.parsedData) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.tree;
+    }
+    hasParserError() {
+        return this.findSourceFile() !== undefined && this.getTree() === undefined;
+    }
     listEntities() {
-        return this.parseSource().entities;
+        this.parse();
+        return this.parsedData.entities;
     }
     /** finds the entity name for a given alias, undefined if the alias is not defined */
     findEntityNameByAlias(alias) {
@@ -64322,15 +65417,29 @@ class BehaviorDefinition extends _abstract_object_1.AbstractObject {
         return undefined;
     }
     /////////////////////////
-    parseSource() {
+    findEntities(tree) {
         var _a;
-        if (this.parsedData !== undefined) {
-            return this.parsedData;
+        const ret = [];
+        for (const define of tree.findDirectExpressions(expressions_1.BDEFDefineBehavior)) {
+            const name = define.findDirectExpression(expressions_1.BDEFName);
+            if (name === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const alias = (_a = define.findDirectExpression(expressions_1.BDEFAlias)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.findDirectExpression(expressions_1.BDEFName);
+            ret.push({
+                name: name.concatTokens().replace(/ /g, ""),
+                alias: alias === null || alias === void 0 ? void 0 : alias.concatTokens().replace(/ /g, ""),
+            });
         }
-        this.parsedData = { entities: [] };
+        return ret;
+    }
+    /** used if the source cannot be parsed */
+    findEntitiesFallback() {
+        var _a;
+        const ret = [];
         const raw = (_a = this.findSourceFile()) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getRaw();
         if (raw === undefined) {
-            return this.parsedData;
+            return ret;
         }
         // BDEF uses "//" for line comments
         const stripped = raw.replace(/\/\/.*$/gm, "");
@@ -64338,10 +65447,10 @@ class BehaviorDefinition extends _abstract_object_1.AbstractObject {
         const regex = /\bdefine\s+(?:\w+\s+)*?behavior\s+for\s+([\w/]+)(?:\s+alias\s+(\w+))?/gi;
         let match = regex.exec(stripped);
         while (match !== null) {
-            this.parsedData.entities.push({ name: match[1], alias: match[2] });
+            ret.push({ name: match[1], alias: match[2] });
             match = regex.exec(stripped);
         }
-        return this.parsedData;
+        return ret;
     }
 }
 exports.BehaviorDefinition = BehaviorDefinition;
@@ -72051,7 +73160,10 @@ exports.WebReportingTemplate = WebReportingTemplate;
 "use strict";
 
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
-exports.Position = void 0;
+exports.Position = exports.MAX_POSITION_VALUE = void 0;
+// largest value that is a Smi on all V8 builds, larger values (eg. Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) make V8
+// store row/col of every Position as boxed heap numbers, costing ~32 bytes per Position
+exports.MAX_POSITION_VALUE = 2 ** 30 - 1;
 // first position is (1,1)
 class Position {
     constructor(row, col) {
@@ -72602,7 +73714,7 @@ class Registry {
     }
     static abaplintVersion() {
         // magic, see build script "version.js"
-        return "2.120.82";
+        return "2.120.86";
     }
     getDDICReferences() {
         return this.ddicReferences;
@@ -73158,14 +74270,18 @@ var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
     };
 })();
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
-exports.SourceKind = exports.PredicateKind = exports.Procedure = exports.ObjectAnalysis = exports.Variable = exports.OccurrenceKind = void 0;
+exports.Hierarchy = exports.NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS = exports.SourceKind = exports.PredicateKind = exports.InitialDeclaration = exports.Procedure = exports.ObjectAnalysis = exports.Variable = exports.OccurrenceKind = void 0;
 exports.findStructures = findStructures;
 exports.expressionPath = expressionPath;
 exports.plainMove = plainMove;
+exports.plainCreateObject = plainCreateObject;
 exports.singleField = singleField;
 exports.singleTarget = singleTarget;
 exports.plainClear = plainClear;
 exports.plainData = plainData;
+exports.initialValue = initialValue;
+exports.initialDeclaration = initialDeclaration;
+exports.initialAtFirstReference = initialAtFirstReference;
 exports.isImmutable = isImmutable;
 exports.isReferenceType = isReferenceType;
 exports.identicalTypes = identicalTypes;
@@ -73176,6 +74292,10 @@ exports.isCondition = isCondition;
 exports.dataSource = dataSource;
 exports.targetType = targetType;
 exports.unchangedBetween = unchangedBetween;
+exports.formalParameter = formalParameter;
+exports.passedByValue = passedByValue;
+exports.literalType = literalType;
+exports.expressionType = expressionType;
 exports.mergeEdits = mergeEdits;
 exports.deleteRegion = deleteRegion;
 exports.deleteStatement = deleteStatement;
@@ -73195,6 +74315,10 @@ const syntax_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/5_syntax/syntax */ "./node_modu
 const nodes_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/nodes */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/nodes/index.js");
 const _typed_identifier_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/_typed_identifier */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/_typed_identifier.js");
 const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
+const class_definition_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/class_definition */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/class_definition.js");
+const interface_definition_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/interface_definition */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/interface_definition.js");
+const class_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../objects/class */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/class.js");
+const interface_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../objects/interface */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/interface.js");
 const _abap_object_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../objects/_abap_object */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/_abap_object.js");
 const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
 const position_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../position */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/position.js");
@@ -73467,6 +74591,23 @@ class Procedure {
         }
         return between;
     }
+    /** the next statement executed after a direct statement of a block, skipping declarations, which have no effect
+     * where they are written; undefined if there is none in the block */
+    nextExecuted(statement) {
+        const block = this.block(statement);
+        for (let index = this.index(statement) + 1; index < this.statements.length; index++) {
+            const next = this.statements[index];
+            const type = next.get();
+            if (this.block(next) !== block) {
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            else if (!(this.isSimple(next) && (type instanceof Statements.Data || type instanceof Statements.Type
+                || type instanceof Statements.Constant || type instanceof Statements.FieldSymbol || type instanceof _statement_1.Comment))) {
+                return next;
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
     /** a comment line or end of line comment between the two positions */
     hasComment(start, end) {
         if (this.comments === undefined) {
@@ -73477,6 +74618,18 @@ class Procedure {
         }
         return this.comments.some(c => !c.isBefore(start) && c.isBefore(end));
     }
+    /** a structure of one of the types contains the statement */
+    enclosedBy(statement, types) {
+        let parent = this.parents.get(statement);
+        while (parent !== undefined && parent !== this.structure) {
+            const type = parent.get();
+            if (types.some(t => type instanceof t)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            parent = this.parents.get(parent);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
     /** the IF structure of an IF or ELSEIF statement */
     ifStructure(statement) {
         let parent = this.parents.get(statement);
@@ -73549,6 +74702,23 @@ class Procedure {
         }
         return variable;
     }
+    /** memory that only this procedure can reach: a local variable, or a pass-by-value or RETURNING parameter of
+     * a method or form, with all references understood and its address never taken */
+    private(identifier) {
+        const variable = this.variable(identifier);
+        if (variable === undefined || variable.complete === false || variable.escapes()
+            || variable.identifier.getMeta().includes("static" /* IdentifierMeta.Static */)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const meta = variable.identifier.getMeta();
+        if (variable.isLocal()) {
+            return variable;
+        }
+        // function module parameters can be global parameters of the function group
+        const parameter = !(this.structure.get() instanceof Structures.FunctionModule)
+            && (meta.includes("pass_by_value" /* IdentifierMeta.PassByValue */) || meta.includes("returning" /* IdentifierMeta.MethodReturning */));
+        return parameter ? variable : undefined;
+    }
     /** all local variables declared in the procedure */
     locals() {
         var _a;
@@ -73640,6 +74810,17 @@ class Procedure {
         }
         return statement.findFirstExpression(Expressions.NewObject) === undefined;
     }
+    /** the method or builtin function called at the method name token */
+    methodAt(token) {
+        for (const reference of this.analysis.referencesAt(this.file.getFilename(), token)) {
+            if ((reference.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.MethodReference
+                || reference.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.BuiltinMethodReference)
+                && reference.resolved !== undefined && "getParameters" in reference.resolved) {
+                return reference.resolved;
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
     /** every data write in the statement goes to a local variable, a pass-by-value parameter or the
      * RETURNING parameter, ie. memory that no other data object, field symbol or reference can share */
     writesOnlyPrivate(statement) {
@@ -73810,6 +74991,31 @@ function plainMove(statement) {
     }
     return { target, source, operator };
 }
+/** CREATE OBJECT target [TYPE class] [EXPORTING parameters]. without chaining, pragmas, EXCEPTIONS or dynamic parts */
+function plainCreateObject(statement) {
+    if (!(statement.get() instanceof Statements.CreateObject) || statement.getColon() !== undefined
+        || statement.getPragmas().length > 0) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const children = statement.getChildren();
+    const target = children[2];
+    if (!(target instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode) || !(target.get() instanceof Expressions.Target)) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    let type;
+    // the last child is the period
+    for (let i = 3; i < children.length - 1; i += 2) {
+        const word = children[i] instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode ? children[i].getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase() : "";
+        const value = children[i + 1];
+        if (word === "TYPE" && value instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode && value.get() instanceof Expressions.ClassName) {
+            type = value;
+        }
+        else if (!(word === "EXPORTING" && (value === null || value === void 0 ? void 0 : value.get()) instanceof Expressions.ParameterListS)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+    }
+    return { target, type };
+}
 /** the source is a single field, ie. one token */
 function singleField(source) {
     var _a;
@@ -73844,6 +75050,49 @@ function plainData(statement) {
     return statement.get() instanceof Statements.Data
         && ((_a = statement.findDirectExpression(Expressions.DataDefinition)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Value)) === undefined;
 }
+/** VALUE type( ) with an explicit type and an empty body, ie. the initial value of the type */
+function initialValue(source) {
+    const tokens = source.getTokens();
+    return tokens.length === 4 && tokens[0].getStr().toUpperCase() === "VALUE"
+        && source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer) !== undefined
+        && tokens[1].getStr() !== "#" && tokens[2].getStr() === "(" && tokens[3].getStr() === ")";
+}
+var InitialDeclaration;
+(function (InitialDeclaration) {
+    /** DATA v TYPE ... without VALUE: v is initial when the procedure starts, the statement is not executed */
+    InitialDeclaration["Data"] = "data";
+    /** DATA(v) = VALUE t( ).: sets v to the initial value of t every time it is executed, also in each loop iteration */
+    InitialDeclaration["Value"] = "value";
+})(InitialDeclaration || (exports.InitialDeclaration = InitialDeclaration = {}));
+/** how the declaration of a local variable makes it initial, undefined if it does not */
+function initialDeclaration(variable) {
+    const declaration = variable.declaration;
+    if (declaration === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    else if (variable.inline === false) {
+        return plainData(declaration) ? InitialDeclaration.Data : undefined;
+    }
+    const move = plainMove(declaration);
+    return move !== undefined && move.operator === "=" && move.target.getChildren().length === 1
+        && move.target.findDirectExpression(Expressions.InlineData) !== undefined && initialValue(move.source)
+        ? InitialDeclaration.Value : undefined;
+}
+/** the variable is initial at the statement, which is its first reference after the declaration */
+function initialAtFirstReference(procedure, variable, statement) {
+    const declaration = variable.declaration;
+    const kind = initialDeclaration(variable);
+    // neither the declaration nor the statement in a loop: nothing can change the variable before the statement
+    const noLoop = procedure.loop(declaration) === undefined && procedure.loop(statement) === undefined;
+    if (kind === InitialDeclaration.Data) {
+        return noLoop;
+    }
+    else if (kind === InitialDeclaration.Value) {
+        // executed before the statement in the same iteration
+        return noLoop || (procedure.dominates(declaration, statement) && procedure.sameLoop(declaration, statement));
+    }
+    return false;
+}
 /** constants of the class or program, builtin constants like abap_true, and me: never change */
 function isImmutable(identifier) {
     if (!(identifier instanceof _typed_identifier_1.TypedIdentifier)) {
@@ -73971,7 +75220,7 @@ var SourceKind;
 (function (SourceKind) {
     /** constants and me, never change */
     SourceKind["Immutable"] = "immutable";
-    /** a local variable, or a component of it, changes only by references to the variable */
+    /** a local variable or a pass-by-value parameter, or a component of it, changes only by references to the variable */
     SourceKind["Local"] = "local";
     /** attributes, parameters, globals, anything reached via a reference: may change by other code */
     SourceKind["Volatile"] = "volatile";
@@ -73980,6 +75229,7 @@ var SourceKind;
  * expressions, field symbols or dereferencing with ->* */
 function dataSource(procedure, source) {
     var _a;
+    var _b;
     if (source.getChildren().length !== 1) {
         return undefined;
     }
@@ -74035,7 +75285,7 @@ function dataSource(procedure, source) {
     if (type === undefined || type.isGeneric() || (type instanceof basic_1.TableType && type.isWithHeader())) {
         return undefined;
     }
-    const local = next === 1 ? procedure.local(first) : undefined;
+    const local = next === 1 ? (_b = procedure.local(first)) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : procedure.private(first) : undefined;
     let kind = SourceKind.Volatile;
     if (deref === false && isImmutable(first)) {
         kind = SourceKind.Immutable;
@@ -74116,7 +75366,8 @@ function unchangedBetween(procedure, source, from, to, read) {
         const statement = procedure.statements[index];
         if (index === end && read !== undefined) {
             if (isReceiver(statement, read)
-                || (statement.get() instanceof Statements.Move && procedure.isCallFree(statement))) {
+                || (statement.get() instanceof Statements.Move && procedure.isCallFree(statement))
+                || passedByValue(procedure, statement, read)) {
                 continue;
             }
         }
@@ -74142,6 +75393,229 @@ function isReceiver(statement, token) {
         && receiver.countTokens() === 1 && receiver.getFirstToken().getStart().equals(token.getStart())
         && ((_b = chain === null || chain === void 0 ? void 0 : chain.getChildren()[1]) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getFirstToken().getStr()) === "->";
 }
+/** the token is the complete actual parameter for an importing parameter: m( v ), m( p = v ),
+ * CALL METHOD m EXPORTING p = v, NEW c( p = v ) or CREATE OBJECT o EXPORTING p = v */
+function formalParameter(procedure, statement, token) {
+    var _a, _b, _c;
+    const path = expressionPath(statement, token);
+    const index = path.findIndex(e => e.get() instanceof Expressions.Source && e.countTokens() === 1);
+    const source = path[index];
+    if (source === undefined || source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.FieldChain) === undefined
+        || !source.getFirstToken().getStart().equals(token.getStart())) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const parent = index > 0 ? path[index - 1] : undefined;
+    let name;
+    let call;
+    if ((parent === null || parent === void 0 ? void 0 : parent.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodCallParam) {
+        call = path[index - 2];
+    }
+    else if ((parent === null || parent === void 0 ? void 0 : parent.get()) instanceof Expressions.NewObject) {
+        call = parent;
+    }
+    else if ((parent === null || parent === void 0 ? void 0 : parent.get()) instanceof Expressions.ParameterS && ((_a = path[index - 2]) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.get()) instanceof Expressions.ParameterListS) {
+        name = (_b = parent.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ParameterName)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getFirstToken().getStr();
+        const list = path[index - 3];
+        const above = path[index - 4];
+        if (list === undefined && statement.get() instanceof Statements.CreateObject) {
+            call = statement;
+        }
+        else if ((list === null || list === void 0 ? void 0 : list.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodCallParam) {
+            call = above;
+        }
+        else if ((list === null || list === void 0 ? void 0 : list.get()) instanceof Expressions.NewObject) {
+            call = list;
+        }
+        else if ((list === null || list === void 0 ? void 0 : list.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodParameters && (above === null || above === void 0 ? void 0 : above.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodCallParam) {
+            call = path[index - 5];
+        }
+        else if ((list === null || list === void 0 ? void 0 : list.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodParameters && (above === null || above === void 0 ? void 0 : above.get()) instanceof Expressions.MethodCallBody
+            && index === 4 && statement.get() instanceof Statements.Call) {
+            call = statement;
+        }
+    }
+    if (call === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    let method;
+    if (call instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode && call.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCall) {
+        const methodName = (_c = call.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodName)) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.getFirstToken();
+        method = methodName === undefined ? undefined : procedure.methodAt(methodName);
+    }
+    else if (call instanceof nodes_1.StatementNode && call.get() instanceof Statements.Call) {
+        const methodSource = call.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodSource);
+        method = methodSource === undefined ? undefined : procedure.methodAt(methodSource.getLastToken());
+    }
+    else if (!(call.get() instanceof Expressions.NewObject) && !(call.get() instanceof Statements.CreateObject)) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const parameters = method === null || method === void 0 ? void 0 : method.getParameters();
+    const formal = name !== null && name !== void 0 ? name : parameters === null || parameters === void 0 ? void 0 : parameters.getDefaultImporting();
+    const parameter = formal === undefined ? undefined
+        : parameters === null || parameters === void 0 ? void 0 : parameters.getImporting().find(p => p.getName().toUpperCase() === formal.toUpperCase());
+    return { call, method, parameter };
+}
+/** the token is the complete actual parameter for a pass-by-value importing parameter of the only call in the
+ * statement, so the method gets a copy of the value when it is called, and nothing else runs before */
+function passedByValue(procedure, statement, token) {
+    var _a, _b;
+    if (!(statement.get() instanceof Statements.Call) && plainMove(statement) === undefined) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const formal = formalParameter(procedure, statement, token);
+    if ((formal === null || formal === void 0 ? void 0 : formal.method) === undefined || ((_a = formal.parameter) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getMeta().includes("pass_by_value" /* IdentifierMeta.PassByValue */)) !== true
+        || statement.findFirstExpression(Expressions.NewObject) !== undefined) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const call of statement.findAllExpressionsRecursive(Expressions.MethodCall)) {
+        const name = (_b = call.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodName)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getFirstToken();
+        const builtin = name === undefined ? false : procedure.analysis.referencesAt(procedure.file.getFilename(), name)
+            .some(r => r.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.BuiltinMethodReference);
+        if (call !== formal.call && builtin === false) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+/** builtin functions whose result type follows the type of the argument */
+exports.NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS = new Set(["abs", "sign", "ceil", "floor", "trunc", "frac", "ipow", "nmax", "nmin",
+    "round", "rescale"]);
+/** type of a literal: 'abc' is c LENGTH 3, `abc` is string, 12 is i */
+function literalType(constant) {
+    var _a;
+    var _b;
+    if (constant.countTokens() !== 1) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const text = constant.getFirstToken().getStr();
+    if (constant.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Integer) !== undefined) {
+        const value = Number(text);
+        return Number.isInteger(value) && Math.abs(value) <= 2147483647 ? basic_1.IntegerType.get() : undefined;
+    }
+    else if (text.startsWith("'") && text.endsWith("'") && text.length >= 2) {
+        return new basic_1.CharacterType(Math.max(1, text.length - 2 - ((_b = (_a = text.match(/''/g)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.length) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : 0)));
+    }
+    else if (text.startsWith("`") && text.endsWith("`")) {
+        return basic_1.StringType.get();
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+/** Static type of an expression whose type does not depend on where it is used: literals, string templates,
+ * concatenations, xsdbool( ), boolc( ), data objects, method calls and attributes after method calls.
+ * Undefined if not known, e.g. for constructor expressions, arithmetic or builtin functions typed by their argument */
+function expressionType(procedure, source) {
+    var _a, _b, _c;
+    const children = source.getChildren();
+    const first = children[0];
+    const keyword = first instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode ? first.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase() : "";
+    if (children.length === 4 && keyword === "XSDBOOL" && source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Cond) !== undefined) {
+        return new basic_1.CharacterType(1);
+    }
+    else if (children.length === 4 && keyword === "BOOLC" && source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Cond) !== undefined) {
+        return basic_1.StringType.get();
+    }
+    else if (children.length === 3 && children[1] instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode && children[1].getFirstToken().getStr() === "&&") {
+        return basic_1.StringType.get();
+    }
+    else if (!(first instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode)) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    if (children.length === 1 && first.get() instanceof Expressions.Constant) {
+        return literalType(first);
+    }
+    else if (children.length === 1 && first.get() instanceof Expressions.StringTemplate) {
+        return basic_1.StringType.get();
+    }
+    else if (children.length === 1 && first.get() instanceof Expressions.FieldChain) {
+        return (_a = dataSource(procedure, source)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.type;
+    }
+    else if (!(first.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCallChain)) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    // the last call of the chain, optionally followed by ->attribute
+    let type;
+    const last = first.getChildren()[first.getChildren().length - 1];
+    if (last instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode && last.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCall) {
+        const name = (_b = last.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodName)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getFirstToken();
+        const method = name === undefined ? undefined : procedure.methodAt(name);
+        if (name === undefined || method === undefined || exports.NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS.has(name.getStr().toLowerCase())) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        type = (_c = method.getParameters().getReturning()) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.getType();
+    }
+    else {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    if (children.length === 1) {
+        return type;
+    }
+    const attribute = children[2];
+    if (children.length === 3 && children[1].get() instanceof Expressions.Arrow && attribute instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode
+        && attribute.get() instanceof Expressions.AttributeChain && attribute.getChildren().length === 1) {
+        const identifier = procedure.identifierAt(attribute.getFirstToken());
+        return identifier instanceof _typed_identifier_1.TypedIdentifier ? identifier.getType() : undefined;
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////
+// classes and interfaces
+/** classes and interfaces by name: local ones in the scope of the procedure, global ones in the registry */
+class Hierarchy {
+    constructor(reg, procedure) {
+        this.reg = reg;
+        this.procedure = procedure;
+    }
+    find(name) {
+        var _a;
+        const scope = this.procedure.analysis.spaghetti.lookupPosition(this.procedure.getStart(), this.procedure.file.getFilename());
+        const local = (_a = scope === null || scope === void 0 ? void 0 : scope.findClassDefinition(name)) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : scope === null || scope === void 0 ? void 0 : scope.findInterfaceDefinition(name);
+        if (local !== undefined) {
+            return local;
+        }
+        const clas = this.reg.getObject("CLAS", name);
+        if (clas instanceof class_1.Class) {
+            return clas.getDefinition();
+        }
+        const intf = this.reg.getObject("INTF", name);
+        return intf instanceof interface_1.Interface ? intf.getDefinition() : undefined;
+    }
+    /** the class or interface definition of an object reference type, undefined if it is not known */
+    definition(type) {
+        if (!(type instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const identifier = type.getIdentifier();
+        const found = identifier instanceof class_definition_1.ClassDefinition || identifier instanceof interface_definition_1.InterfaceDefinition
+            ? identifier : this.find(identifier.getName());
+        return found instanceof class_definition_1.ClassDefinition || found instanceof interface_definition_1.InterfaceDefinition ? found : undefined;
+    }
+    /** sub is sup, or inherits from it or implements it; false if a definition on the way is not known */
+    isSubtype(sub, sup) {
+        const target = sup.toUpperCase();
+        const visited = new Set();
+        const stack = [sub.toUpperCase()];
+        while (stack.length > 0) {
+            const name = stack.pop();
+            if (name === target) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if (visited.has(name)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            visited.add(name);
+            const definition = this.find(name);
+            const superClass = definition === null || definition === void 0 ? void 0 : definition.getSuperClass();
+            if (superClass !== undefined) {
+                stack.push(superClass.toUpperCase());
+            }
+            for (const implementing of (definition === null || definition === void 0 ? void 0 : definition.getImplementing()) || []) {
+                stack.push(implementing.name.toUpperCase());
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+exports.Hierarchy = Hierarchy;
 ////////////////////////////////////////
 // edits
 const rowCache = new WeakMap();
@@ -74897,6 +76371,104 @@ exports.AbapdocParameterNames = AbapdocParameterNames;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_shorttext_length.js"
+/*!*********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_shorttext_length.js ***!
+  \*********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.AbapdocShorttextLength = exports.AbapdocShorttextLengthConf = void 0;
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const _abap_rule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_abap_rule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_abap_rule.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+const _statement_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/statements/_statement */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/statements/_statement.js");
+class AbapdocShorttextLengthConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.AbapdocShorttextLengthConf = AbapdocShorttextLengthConf;
+const MAX_LENGTH = 60;
+class AbapdocShorttextLength extends _abap_rule_1.ABAPRule {
+    constructor() {
+        super(...arguments);
+        this.conf = new AbapdocShorttextLengthConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "abapdoc_shorttext_length",
+            title: "ABAP Doc shorttext too long",
+            shortDescription: `Reports ABAP Doc shorttexts longer than 60 characters.`,
+            extendedInformation: `A shorttext is written as <p class="shorttext">...</p> or
+<p class="shorttext synchronized">...</p>, the system warns "Shorttext must not exceed 60 characters."
+if the text is longer.
+
+The text may span several "! lines, line breaks count as one blank. Leading and trailing blanks are not counted,
+an entity like &lt; counts as one character.`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile],
+            badExample: `INTERFACE zif_foo PUBLIC.
+  "! <p class="shorttext synchronized">Returns the name of the selected row in the table of the view</p>
+  METHODS name RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE string.
+ENDINTERFACE.`,
+            goodExample: `INTERFACE zif_foo PUBLIC.
+  "! <p class="shorttext synchronized">Returns the name of the selected row</p>
+  METHODS name RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE string.
+ENDINTERFACE.`,
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    runParsed(file) {
+        const issues = [];
+        let block = [];
+        for (const statement of file.getStatements()) {
+            const token = statement.getFirstToken();
+            const doc = statement.get() instanceof _statement_1.Comment && token.getStr().startsWith(`"!`);
+            const previous = block[block.length - 1];
+            if (doc === false || (previous !== undefined && token.getStart().getRow() !== previous.getStart().getRow() + 1)) {
+                issues.push(...this.checkBlock(file, block));
+                block = [];
+            }
+            if (doc === true) {
+                block.push(token);
+            }
+        }
+        issues.push(...this.checkBlock(file, block));
+        return issues;
+    }
+    checkBlock(file, block) {
+        const issues = [];
+        if (block.length === 0) {
+            return issues;
+        }
+        const text = block.map(t => t.getStr().substring(2)).join("\n");
+        const regex = /<p\s[^>]*class\s*=\s*"shorttext(?:\s+synchronized)?"[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/p>/gi;
+        let match;
+        while ((match = regex.exec(text)) !== null) {
+            const length = this.decode(match[1].replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim()).length;
+            if (length <= MAX_LENGTH) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const token = block[text.substring(0, match.index).split("\n").length - 1];
+            const message = `Shorttext must not exceed ${MAX_LENGTH} characters, found ${length}`;
+            issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atToken(file, token, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity));
+        }
+        return issues;
+    }
+    decode(text) {
+        return text.replace(/&(#\d+|#x[0-9a-fA-F]+|[a-zA-Z]+);/g, "_");
+    }
+}
+exports.AbapdocShorttextLength = AbapdocShorttextLength;
+//# sourceMappingURL=abapdoc_shorttext_length.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/add_test_attributes.js"
 /*!****************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/add_test_attributes.js ***!
@@ -76350,8 +77922,28 @@ TEST-SEAMS: https://github.com/SAP/styleguides/blob/main/clean-abap/CleanABAP.md
 
 BREAK points`,
             tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Styleguide, _irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile],
-            badExample: `DESCRIBE TABLE items LINES count.`,
-            goodExample: `count = lines( items ).`,
+            badExample: `DEFINE _hello.
+  WRITE 'hello'.
+END-OF-DEFINITION.
+
+STATICS count TYPE i.
+
+TYPES ty_items TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF i WITH DEFAULT KEY.
+
+BREAK-POINT.
+
+TEST-SEAM seam_name.
+  count = 1.
+END-TEST-SEAM.
+
+DESCRIBE TABLE items LINES count.
+
+EXPORT data = items TO MEMORY ID 'ZFOO'.
+
+EXPORT data = items TO DATABASE indx(zz) ID 'ZFOO'.`,
+            goodExample: `count = lines( items ).
+
+TYPES ty_items TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.`,
         };
     }
     getDescription(statement) {
@@ -76448,6 +78040,161 @@ exports.AvoidUse = AvoidUse;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_check_syntax.js"
+/*!**************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_check_syntax.js ***!
+  \**************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFCheckSyntax = exports.BDEFCheckSyntaxConf = void 0;
+const expressions_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../bdef/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/bdef/expressions/index.js");
+const ddic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../ddic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/ddic.js");
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const objects_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../objects */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/index.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+class BDEFCheckSyntaxConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.BDEFCheckSyntaxConf = BDEFCheckSyntaxConf;
+class BDEFCheckSyntax {
+    constructor() {
+        this.conf = new BDEFCheckSyntaxConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "bdef_check_syntax",
+            title: "BDEF Check Syntax",
+            shortDescription: "Checks behavior definition references to entities and implementation classes",
+            extendedInformation: `Performs semantic checks which require other objects to be available.
+
+Missing objects are only reported when their names match the configured errorNamespace.`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Syntax],
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    initialize(reg) {
+        this.reg = reg;
+        return this;
+    }
+    run(object) {
+        if (!(object instanceof objects_1.BehaviorDefinition)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+        const tree = object.getTree();
+        const file = object.findSourceFile();
+        if (tree === undefined || file === undefined) {
+            return [];
+        }
+        const issues = [];
+        this.checkImplementationClasses(tree, issues, file);
+        this.checkEntities(tree, issues, file);
+        return issues;
+    }
+    checkImplementationClasses(tree, issues, file) {
+        for (const implementation of tree.findAllExpressions(expressions_1.BDEFImplementationIn)) {
+            const nameNode = implementation.findDirectExpression(expressions_1.BDEFName);
+            if (nameNode === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = this.name(nameNode);
+            if (this.reg.getObject("CLAS", name) === undefined && this.reg.inErrorNamespace(name)) {
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atToken(file, nameNode.getFirstToken(), `Implementation class "${name}" not found`, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    checkEntities(tree, issues, file) {
+        const ddic = new ddic_1.DDIC(this.reg);
+        for (const define of tree.findDirectExpressions(expressions_1.BDEFDefineBehavior)) {
+            if (define.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase() !== "DEFINE") {
+                // "extend behavior for" refers to entities of the extended BDEF
+                continue;
+            }
+            const nameNode = define.findDirectExpression(expressions_1.BDEFName);
+            if (nameNode === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = this.name(nameNode);
+            if (this.reg.inErrorNamespace(name)
+                && this.reg.getObject("DDLS", name) === undefined
+                && ddic.lookupDDLS(name) === undefined) {
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atToken(file, nameNode.getFirstToken(), `Entity "${name}" not found`, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    name(node) {
+        return node.concatTokens().replace(/ /g, "");
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFCheckSyntax = BDEFCheckSyntax;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_check_syntax.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_parser_error.js"
+/*!**************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_parser_error.js ***!
+  \**************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.BDEFParserError = exports.BDEFParserErrorConf = void 0;
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const objects_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../objects */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/objects/index.js");
+class BDEFParserErrorConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.BDEFParserErrorConf = BDEFParserErrorConf;
+class BDEFParserError {
+    constructor() {
+        this.conf = new BDEFParserErrorConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "bdef_parser_error",
+            title: "BDEF Parser Error",
+            shortDescription: `BDEF parsing`,
+            extendedInformation: `Parses behavior definitions and issues parser errors`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Syntax, _irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile],
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    initialize(_reg) {
+        return this;
+    }
+    run(object) {
+        const issues = [];
+        if (object instanceof objects_1.BehaviorDefinition) {
+            const file = object.findSourceFile();
+            if (object.hasParserError() === true && file) {
+                const empty = file.getRaw().length === 0 ? ", empty file" : "";
+                const message = "BDEF Parser error" + empty;
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atRow(file, 1, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.getConfig().severity));
+            }
+        }
+        return issues;
+    }
+}
+exports.BDEFParserError = BDEFParserError;
+//# sourceMappingURL=bdef_parser_error.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/begin_end_names.js"
 /*!************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/begin_end_names.js ***!
@@ -76897,14 +78644,7 @@ ENDIF.`,
             return false;
         }
         const constant = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.characterConstant)(procedure, move.source);
-        return (constant !== undefined && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.sameCharacters)(constant, "")) || this.initialValue(move.source);
-    }
-    /** VALUE type( ) */
-    initialValue(source) {
-        const tokens = source.getTokens();
-        return tokens.length === 4 && tokens[0].getStr().toUpperCase() === "VALUE"
-            && source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer) !== undefined
-            && tokens[1].getStr() !== "#" && tokens[2].getStr() === "(" && tokens[3].getStr() === ")";
+        return (constant !== undefined && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.sameCharacters)(constant, "")) || (0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialValue)(move.source);
     }
 }
 exports.BooleanFlagViaIf = BooleanFlagViaIf;
@@ -77289,6 +79029,205 @@ exports.CallTransactionAuthorityCheck = CallTransactionAuthorityCheck;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/cast_via_generic_reference.js"
+/*!***********************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/cast_via_generic_reference.js ***!
+  \***********************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.CastViaGenericReference = exports.CastViaGenericReferenceConf = void 0;
+const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
+const interface_definition_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/interface_definition */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/interface_definition.js");
+const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+const _procedure_analysis_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_procedure_analysis */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_procedure_analysis.js");
+class CastViaGenericReferenceConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.CastViaGenericReferenceConf = CastViaGenericReferenceConf;
+class CastViaGenericReference {
+    constructor() {
+        this.conf = new CastViaGenericReferenceConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "cast_via_generic_reference",
+            title: "Cast via generic reference",
+            shortDescription: `Finds a down cast from a local reference variable that only holds a copy of another reference`,
+            extendedInformation: `Reports DATA o TYPE REF TO object. o = r. ... x ?= o. when all of the following hold:
+
+* o is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA without VALUE and not chained,
+  typed REF TO object, or REF TO a class or interface that is the static type of r or a supertype of it
+* o has exactly one write, o = r., exactly one read, the complete source of x ?= o., and its address is never
+  taken. x is not an inline declaration
+* r is a plain object reference: a variable, or a chain of attributes and components without calls,
+  offsets, table expressions, field symbols or ->*
+* r keeps its value from o = r. until the read, as in unnecessary_copy: for a local r, no write to it and its
+  address is never taken; for other r, in addition no method, function or form call and no write except to
+  local variables, by value parameters and RETURNING in between
+* o = r. is executed before x ?= o. on every path: the read is in the same block or a nested block, and both
+  are in the same loop
+* x ?= r. is valid: x or r is typed REF TO object or an interface, or the class of x and the class of r
+  are in the same inheritance line
+
+The object is the same, so the cast succeeds or raises cx_sy_move_cast_error the same way.
+try_cast_empty_catch can then replace a TRY around the cast.
+Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
+INCLUDE, test seams, enhancements or native SQL.
+
+The quick fix deletes the declaration and o = r., and casts r directly. No release requirement.`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix],
+            badExample: `DATA lo_object TYPE REF TO object.
+lo_object = io_node.
+TRY.
+    lo_leaf ?= lo_object.
+  CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
+ENDTRY.`,
+            goodExample: `TRY.
+    lo_leaf ?= io_node.
+  CATCH cx_sy_move_cast_error.
+ENDTRY.`,
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    initialize(reg) {
+        this.reg = reg;
+        return this;
+    }
+    run(obj) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        const analysis = _procedure_analysis_1.ObjectAnalysis.run(this.reg, obj);
+        if (analysis === undefined) {
+            return [];
+        }
+        const issues = [];
+        for (const procedure of analysis.procedures) {
+            if (procedure.supported === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const hierarchy = new _procedure_analysis_1.Hierarchy(this.reg, procedure);
+            for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
+                const declaration = variable.declaration;
+                const type = variable.identifier.getType();
+                const writes = variable.writes();
+                const reads = variable.reads();
+                if (variable.inline || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainData)(declaration) || declaration.getColon() !== undefined || variable.escapes()
+                    || !this.isObjectReference(type) || writes.length !== 1 || reads.length !== 1) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const write = writes[0];
+                const read = reads[0];
+                const assign = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(write.statement);
+                const cast = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(read.statement);
+                if (assign === undefined || cast === undefined || assign.operator !== "=" || cast.operator !== "?="
+                    || ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(assign.target)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(write.token.getStart())) !== true
+                    || ((_b = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(cast.source)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStart().equals(read.token.getStart())) !== true
+                    || cast.target.findFirstExpression(Expressions.InlineData) !== undefined
+                    || !procedure.dominates(write.statement, read.statement)
+                    || !procedure.sameLoop(write.statement, read.statement)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const source = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.dataSource)(procedure, assign.source);
+                const target = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.targetType)(procedure, cast.target);
+                if (source === undefined || source.base === variable || target === undefined
+                    || !this.isObjectReference(source.type)
+                    || !this.isSupertype(hierarchy, type, source.type)
+                    || !this.castable(hierarchy, source.type, target)
+                    || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.unchangedBetween)(procedure, source, write.statement, read.statement, read.token)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const fix = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.mergeEdits)(procedure.file, [
+                    (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, declaration),
+                    (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, write.statement),
+                    edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(procedure.file, read.token, source.text)
+                ]);
+                const message = "Cast " + source.text + " directly instead of via " + variable.identifier.getName();
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(procedure.file, read.statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix));
+            }
+        }
+        return issues;
+    }
+    isObjectReference(type) {
+        return type instanceof basic_1.GenericObjectReferenceType || type instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType;
+    }
+    /** every reference of type sub can be assigned to type sup without a cast */
+    isSupertype(hierarchy, sup, sub) {
+        if (sup instanceof basic_1.GenericObjectReferenceType) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if (!(sup instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType) || !(sub instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return hierarchy.isSubtype(sub.getIdentifierName(), sup.getIdentifierName());
+    }
+    /** target ?= source. is statically valid */
+    castable(hierarchy, source, target) {
+        if (source instanceof basic_1.GenericObjectReferenceType || target instanceof basic_1.GenericObjectReferenceType) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if (!(source instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType) || !(target instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const sourceDefinition = hierarchy.definition(source);
+        const targetDefinition = hierarchy.definition(target);
+        if (sourceDefinition === undefined || targetDefinition === undefined) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        else if (sourceDefinition instanceof interface_definition_1.InterfaceDefinition || targetDefinition instanceof interface_definition_1.InterfaceDefinition) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return hierarchy.isSubtype(source.getIdentifierName(), target.getIdentifierName())
+            || hierarchy.isSubtype(target.getIdentifierName(), source.getIdentifierName());
+    }
+}
+exports.CastViaGenericReference = CastViaGenericReference;
+//# sourceMappingURL=cast_via_generic_reference.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/catch_and_raise.js"
 /*!************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/catch_and_raise.js ***!
@@ -80210,10 +82149,13 @@ class ClearAfterDeclaration {
             shortDescription: `Finds CLEAR of a local variable that is still initial since its declaration`,
             extendedInformation: `Reports CLEAR x. when all of the following hold:
 
-* x is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA x TYPE/LIKE ... without VALUE
+* x is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA x TYPE/LIKE ... without VALUE,
+  or with DATA(x) = VALUE t( ). with an explicit type and nothing in the parentheses
 * the CLEAR is the first reference to x after the declaration, it has no WITH addition
-* neither the DATA nor the CLEAR is inside a LOOP, DO, WHILE, SELECT loop, PROVIDE, or a TRY block with
-  RETRY, RESUME or CATCH BEFORE UNWIND. DATA is not executed per iteration, so a CLEAR in a loop can be needed
+* neither the declaration nor the CLEAR is inside a LOOP, DO, WHILE, SELECT loop, PROVIDE, or a TRY block with
+  RETRY, RESUME or CATCH BEFORE UNWIND. DATA is not executed per iteration, so a CLEAR in a loop can be needed.
+  DATA(x) = VALUE t( ). is executed per iteration, it may also be in the same loop as the CLEAR, if the CLEAR is
+  in the block of the declaration or a nested block
 
 Any later use of x does not matter, the CLEAR can only be reached with x still initial.
 Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
@@ -80248,13 +82190,11 @@ CLEAR lv_count.`,
                 continue;
             }
             for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
-                const declaration = variable.declaration;
                 const first = variable.occurrences[0];
-                if (variable.inline || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainData)(declaration) || first === undefined
+                if (first === undefined
                     || first.kind !== _procedure_analysis_1.OccurrenceKind.Write
                     || ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainClear)(first.statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(first.token.getStart())) !== true
-                    || procedure.loop(declaration) !== undefined
-                    || procedure.loop(first.statement) !== undefined) {
+                    || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialAtFirstReference)(procedure, variable, first.statement)) {
                     continue;
                 }
                 const fix = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, first.statement);
@@ -80269,6 +82209,195 @@ exports.ClearAfterDeclaration = ClearAfterDeclaration;
 
 /***/ },
 
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_before_overwrite.js"
+/*!*******************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_before_overwrite.js ***!
+  \*******************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.ClearBeforeOverwrite = exports.ClearBeforeOverwriteConf = void 0;
+const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+const Structures = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/3_structures/structures */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/3_structures/structures/index.js"));
+const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
+const _typed_identifier_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/_typed_identifier */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/_typed_identifier.js");
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+const _procedure_analysis_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_procedure_analysis */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_procedure_analysis.js");
+class ClearBeforeOverwriteConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.ClearBeforeOverwriteConf = ClearBeforeOverwriteConf;
+class ClearBeforeOverwrite {
+    constructor() {
+        this.conf = new ClearBeforeOverwriteConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "clear_before_overwrite",
+            title: "CLEAR before overwrite",
+            shortDescription: `Finds CLEAR of a local variable whose next use overwrites it completely`,
+            extendedInformation: `Reports CLEAR v. when all of the following hold:
+
+* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, its address is never taken: no field symbol,
+  REF #( ), GET REFERENCE, and it is not passed to a parameter by reference
+* the CLEAR is not chained and has no WITH addition
+* the next reference to v is a full overwrite in the same block: v = <expression>., including v = NEW ...,
+  or CREATE OBJECT v. with optional TYPE and EXPORTING, where nothing else in the statement references v.
+  Not ?=, READ TABLE INTO, offset/length or component writes, CREATE OBJECT with EXCEPTIONS, or other
+  statements that can leave v unchanged
+* every statement between the CLEAR and the overwrite is a direct statement of the block, not a nested structure,
+  and does not reference v
+* v is not a table with header line
+* if a TRY or CATCH SYSTEM-EXCEPTIONS encloses the CLEAR, nothing from the CLEAR to the overwrite can raise
+  an exception, a CATCH could see the old value: the overwrite directly follows the CLEAR and assigns a variable
+  or a literal of identical type, or a reference variable
+
+Unlike clear_after_declaration, the CLEAR can be in a loop.
+Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
+INCLUDE, test seams, enhancements or native SQL.
+
+The quick fix deletes the CLEAR. No release requirement.`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix],
+            badExample: `CLEAR lv_name.
+lv_name = iv_name.`,
+            goodExample: `lv_name = iv_name.`,
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    initialize(reg) {
+        this.reg = reg;
+        return this;
+    }
+    run(obj) {
+        var _a;
+        const analysis = _procedure_analysis_1.ObjectAnalysis.run(this.reg, obj);
+        if (analysis === undefined) {
+            return [];
+        }
+        const issues = [];
+        for (const procedure of analysis.procedures) {
+            if (procedure.supported === false) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
+                const type = variable.identifier.getType();
+                if (variable.escapes() || (type instanceof basic_1.TableType && type.isWithHeader())
+                    || this.passedByReference(procedure, variable)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const occurrences = variable.occurrences;
+                for (let i = 0; i < occurrences.length - 1; i++) {
+                    const clear = occurrences[i];
+                    const next = occurrences[i + 1];
+                    if (((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainClear)(clear.statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(clear.token.getStart())) !== true
+                        || clear.statement.getColon() !== undefined
+                        || occurrences.some(o => o !== next && o.statement === next.statement)
+                        || !this.overwrites(next)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    const between = procedure.straightBetween(clear.statement, next.statement);
+                    if (between === undefined
+                        || (procedure.enclosedBy(clear.statement, [Structures.Try, Structures.CatchSystemExceptions])
+                            && (between.length > 0 || !this.cannotRaise(procedure, variable, next.statement)))) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    const message = "CLEAR of " + variable.identifier.getName() + ", which is overwritten before it is read";
+                    issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(procedure.file, clear.statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, clear.statement)));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return issues;
+    }
+    /** passed to a method, NEW, CREATE OBJECT or RAISE EXCEPTION, other than to a pass-by-value parameter;
+     * the called code could keep a reference to the parameter */
+    passedByReference(procedure, variable) {
+        var _a;
+        for (const read of variable.reads()) {
+            const path = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.expressionPath)(read.statement, read.token);
+            if (!path.some(e => e.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCallParam || e.get() instanceof Expressions.ParameterListS
+                || e.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodParameters)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const formal = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.formalParameter)(procedure, read.statement, read.token);
+            if (((_a = formal === null || formal === void 0 ? void 0 : formal.parameter) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getMeta().includes("pass_by_value" /* IdentifierMeta.PassByValue */)) !== true) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    /** v = <expression>. or CREATE OBJECT v [TYPE c] [EXPORTING ...]. */
+    overwrites(occurrence) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        const statement = occurrence.statement;
+        const move = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement);
+        if (move !== undefined) {
+            return move.operator === "=" && ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(move.target)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(occurrence.token.getStart())) === true;
+        }
+        const create = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainCreateObject)(statement);
+        return create !== undefined && ((_b = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(create.target)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStart().equals(occurrence.token.getStart())) === true;
+    }
+    /** v = w. or v = literal. without conversion */
+    cannotRaise(procedure, variable, statement) {
+        const move = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement);
+        if (move === undefined) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const type = variable.identifier.getType();
+        const field = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(move.source);
+        const constant = move.source.getChildren().length === 1 ? move.source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Constant) : undefined;
+        const identifier = field === undefined ? undefined : procedure.identifierAt(field);
+        const source = identifier instanceof _typed_identifier_1.TypedIdentifier ? identifier.getType()
+            : constant === undefined ? undefined : (0, _procedure_analysis_1.literalType)(constant);
+        return source !== undefined
+            && ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.identicalTypes)(source, type) || ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(source) && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(type) && field !== undefined));
+    }
+}
+exports.ClearBeforeOverwrite = ClearBeforeOverwrite;
+//# sourceMappingURL=clear_before_overwrite.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
 /***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_exporting_parameters.js"
 /*!***********************************************************************************!*\
   !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_exporting_parameters.js ***!
@@ -81108,8 +83237,9 @@ c = <constant>, c <> <constant>, EQ, NE, c IS INITIAL, c IS NOT INITIAL, optiona
 The declaration must be executed before the condition on every path: the IF is in the block of the
 declaration or a nested block. The quick fix deletes the declaration.
 
-2. DATA v TYPE ... without VALUE, where v is never changed, except by CLEAR v., and its address is never taken,
-in a condition v IS [NOT] INITIAL or v IS [NOT] BOUND. The declaration is kept.
+2. DATA v TYPE ... without VALUE, or DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). with an explicit type and nothing in the parentheses,
+where v is never changed, except by CLEAR v., and its address is never taken, in a condition v IS [NOT] INITIAL
+or v IS [NOT] BOUND. The declaration is kept.
 
 The quick fix removes the IF branch that is never taken, or keeps the branch that is always taken and
 removes the rest, also in ELSEIF chains: a first IF branch that is never taken turns the next ELSEIF into IF,
@@ -81150,12 +83280,12 @@ ENDIF.`,
             }
             const candidates = [];
             for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
-                if (variable.inline) {
-                    this.constantVariable(procedure, variable, candidates);
-                }
-                else {
+                if ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialDeclaration)(variable) !== undefined) {
                     this.initialVariable(procedure, variable, candidates);
                 }
+                else if (variable.inline) {
+                    this.constantVariable(procedure, variable, candidates);
+                }
             }
             issues.push(...(0, _procedure_analysis_1.foldIssues)(procedure.file, candidates, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity));
         }
@@ -81191,9 +83321,9 @@ ENDIF.`,
             fix: (0, _procedure_analysis_1.mergeEdits)(procedure.file, [fold, (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, declaration)]),
         });
     }
-    /** DATA v TYPE ... never changed: IF v IS INITIAL / IS BOUND */
+    /** DATA v TYPE ... or DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). never changed: IF v IS INITIAL / IS BOUND */
     initialVariable(procedure, variable, candidates) {
-        if (!(0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainData)(variable.declaration) || variable.escapes()
+        if (variable.escapes()
             || variable.writes().some(w => { var _a; return ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainClear)(w.statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(w.token.getStart())) !== true; })) {
             return;
         }
@@ -81456,6 +83586,8 @@ var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.CopyChain = exports.CopyChainConf = void 0;
 const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+const Statements = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/statements */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/statements/index.js"));
+const basic_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/types/basic */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/types/basic/index.js");
 const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
 const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
 const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
@@ -81473,28 +83605,49 @@ class CopyChain {
             key: "copy_chain",
             title: "Copy chain",
             shortDescription: `Finds a local variable that only passes a value on from one variable to another`,
-            extendedInformation: `Reports DATA v TYPE ... [CLEAR v.] v = src. ... y = v. when all of the following hold:
+            extendedInformation: `Reports a local variable that only passes a value on, in two cases.
+
+1. DATA v TYPE ... [CLEAR v.] v = src. ... y = v. when all of the following hold:
 
-* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA without VALUE
+* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA without VALUE, or with
+  DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). with an explicit type and nothing in the parentheses
 * v has exactly one write besides CLEAR: v = src., and all CLEARs are before it
 * v has exactly one read, the complete source of y = v.
-* src is a local variable, its address is never taken, and it is not written from v = src. until y = v.
+* src is a local variable, or a pass-by-value or RETURNING parameter of a method or form, its address is never
+  taken, and it is not written from v = src. until y = v.
 * v = src. is executed before y = v. on every path: y = v. is in the same block or a nested block,
   and both are in the same loop
 * v and src are both reference types, or have identical types; for other types the copy into v can convert,
   e.g. truncate a string into a c field. For DATA(y) = v. the types must be identical, else y changes its type
 * the declaration, the CLEARs and v = src. are not chained
 
-Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
-INCLUDE, test seams, enhancements or native SQL.
-
 The quick fix deletes the declaration, the CLEARs and v = src., and changes the read to y = src.
-No release requirement.`,
+
+2. DATA a TYPE REF TO c. CREATE OBJECT a. b = a. when all of the following hold:
+
+* a is a local variable, declared with DATA without VALUE and not chained, its address is never taken
+* the only other references to a are CREATE OBJECT a. and the complete source of b = a., which is the next
+  statement in the same block, apart from declarations like DATA in between
+* CREATE OBJECT has at most TYPE and EXPORTING, it is not chained. With EXCEPTIONS, a classic exception in the
+  constructor would leave b unchanged instead of initial
+* b is a local variable, or a pass-by-value or RETURNING parameter, whose address is never taken, it is
+  declared before the CREATE OBJECT and not used in its parameters, so the constructor cannot see b
+* b = a. passes the syntax check, so the static type of b accepts the class of a
+
+The quick fix deletes the declaration of a and b = a., and creates the object in b, keeping TYPE and EXPORTING.
+If the static types of a and b differ, it adds TYPE with the class of a.
+
+Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
+INCLUDE, test seams, enhancements or native SQL. No release requirement.`,
             tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix],
             badExample: `DATA lo_copy TYPE REF TO zcl_node.
 lo_copy = lo_node.
-ro_result = lo_copy.`,
-            goodExample: `ro_result = lo_node.`,
+ro_result = lo_copy.
+DATA lo_new TYPE REF TO zcl_node.
+CREATE OBJECT lo_new.
+ro_other = lo_new.`,
+            goodExample: `ro_result = lo_node.
+CREATE OBJECT ro_other.`,
         };
     }
     getConfig() {
@@ -81520,7 +83673,7 @@ ro_result = lo_copy.`,
             }
             for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
                 const declaration = variable.declaration;
-                if (variable.inline || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainData)(declaration) || declaration.getColon() !== undefined
+                if ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialDeclaration)(variable) === undefined || declaration.getColon() !== undefined
                     || variable.escapes()) {
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -81541,6 +83694,13 @@ ro_result = lo_copy.`,
                 }
                 const write = writes[0];
                 const read = reads[0];
+                if (write.statement.get() instanceof Statements.CreateObject) {
+                    const issue = clears.length === 0 ? this.createObject(procedure, variable, write, read) : undefined;
+                    if (issue !== undefined) {
+                        issues.push(issue);
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                }
                 const assign = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(write.statement);
                 const use = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(read.statement);
                 if (assign === undefined || use === undefined || assign.operator !== "=" || use.operator !== "="
@@ -81578,6 +83738,46 @@ ro_result = lo_copy.`,
         }
         return issues;
     }
+    /** DATA a TYPE REF TO c. CREATE OBJECT a. b = a. */
+    createObject(procedure, variable, write, read) {
+        var _a, _b, _c;
+        const create = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainCreateObject)(write.statement);
+        const use = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(read.statement);
+        const token = use === undefined ? undefined : (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(use.target);
+        const target = token === undefined ? undefined : procedure.private(procedure.identifierAt(token));
+        if (create === undefined || use === undefined || use.operator !== "=" || target === undefined
+            || ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(create.target)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(write.token.getStart())) !== true
+            || ((_b = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(use.source)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStart().equals(read.token.getStart())) !== true
+            || read.statement !== procedure.nextExecuted(write.statement) || !procedure.isSimple(read.statement)
+            || target.occurrences.some(o => o.statement === write.statement)
+            || (target.declaration !== undefined && procedure.index(target.declaration) > write.index)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const type = variable.identifier.getType();
+        const targetType = target.identifier.getType();
+        let text = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.nodeText)(procedure.file, use.target);
+        if (!(type instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType)
+            || !(targetType instanceof basic_1.ObjectReferenceType || targetType instanceof basic_1.GenericObjectReferenceType)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        else if (create.type === undefined && !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.identicalTypes)(type, targetType)) {
+            // the class of a, as written in its declaration
+            const declared = (_c = variable.declaration.findDirectExpression(Expressions.DataDefinition)) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Type);
+            const name = declared === null || declared === void 0 ? void 0 : declared.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeName);
+            if (name === undefined || (declared === null || declared === void 0 ? void 0 : declared.getTokens().length) !== 4) {
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            text = text + " TYPE " + (0, _procedure_analysis_1.nodeText)(procedure.file, name);
+        }
+        const fix = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.mergeEdits)(procedure.file, [
+            (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, variable.declaration),
+            edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(procedure.file, write.token, text),
+            (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, read.statement)
+        ]);
+        const message = "Copy chain via " + variable.identifier.getName() + ", create the object in "
+            + (0, _procedure_analysis_1.nodeText)(procedure.file, use.target) + " directly";
+        return issue_1.Issue.atStatement(procedure.file, read.statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix);
+    }
 }
 exports.CopyChain = CopyChain;
 //# sourceMappingURL=copy_chain.js.map
@@ -81647,7 +83847,9 @@ class CopyOfInitialVariable {
             shortDescription: `Finds assignments from a local variable that is always initial`,
             extendedInformation: `Reports DATA v TYPE ... [CLEAR v.] x = v. when all of the following hold:
 
-* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA without VALUE
+* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, declared with DATA without VALUE, or with
+  DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). with an explicit type and nothing in the parentheses. Both make v initial, the latter
+  every time it is executed, so v is initial wherever it is read, also in loops
 * v is never changed, except by CLEAR v., and its address is never taken
 * v has exactly one read, the complete source of x = v., where x is not an inline declaration
 * x and v are both reference types, or have identical types. Initial values convert differently between
@@ -81690,7 +83892,7 @@ ro_result = lo_empty.`,
                 const declaration = variable.declaration;
                 const reads = variable.reads();
                 const writes = variable.writes();
-                if (variable.inline || !(0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainData)(declaration) || declaration.getColon() !== undefined
+                if ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialDeclaration)(variable) === undefined || declaration.getColon() !== undefined
                     || variable.escapes() || reads.length !== 1
                     || writes.some(w => { var _a; return ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainClear)(w.statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(w.token.getStart())) !== true
                         || w.statement.getColon() !== undefined; })) {
@@ -90694,6 +92896,7 @@ __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./abapdoc */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./abapdoc_html_tag */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_html_tag.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./abapdoc_leading_at */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_leading_at.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./abapdoc_parameter_names */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_parameter_names.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./abapdoc_shorttext_length */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/abapdoc_shorttext_length.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./add_test_attributes */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/add_test_attributes.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./aff_and_xml */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/aff_and_xml.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./alias_never_reassigned */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/alias_never_reassigned.js"), exports);
@@ -90704,11 +92907,14 @@ __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./allowed_object_naming */ "./node_modules/
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./allowed_object_types */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/allowed_object_types.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./ambiguous_statement */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/ambiguous_statement.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./avoid_use */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/avoid_use.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_check_syntax */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_check_syntax.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bdef_parser_error */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bdef_parser_error.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./begin_end_names */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/begin_end_names.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./begin_single_include */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/begin_single_include.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./boolean_flag_via_if */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/boolean_flag_via_if.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./bound_check_after_create */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/bound_check_after_create.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./call_transaction_authority_check */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/call_transaction_authority_check.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./cast_via_generic_reference */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/cast_via_generic_reference.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./catch_and_raise */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/catch_and_raise.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./cds_association_name */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/cds_association_name.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./cds_check_syntax */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/cds_check_syntax.js"), exports);
@@ -90729,6 +92935,7 @@ __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./check_syntax */ "./node_modules/@abaplint
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./check_text_elements */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/check_text_elements.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./check_transformation_exists */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/check_transformation_exists.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./clear_after_declaration */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_after_declaration.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./clear_before_overwrite */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_before_overwrite.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./clear_exporting_parameters */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/clear_exporting_parameters.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./class_attribute_names */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/class_attribute_names.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./classic_exceptions_overlap */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/classic_exceptions_overlap.js"), exports);
@@ -90844,6 +93051,7 @@ __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_pragmas */ "./node_modules/@abapli
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_abap_bool */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_abap_bool.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_abap_bool_values */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_abap_bool_values.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_raise_exception_new */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_raise_exception_new.js"), exports);
+__exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_raise_message */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_raise_message.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_string_template */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_string_template.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_returning_to_exporting */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_returning_to_exporting.js"), exports);
 __exportStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ./prefer_xsdbool */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_xsdbool.js"), exports);
@@ -100208,36 +102416,153 @@ var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
     };
 })();
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
-exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNew = exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf = void 0;
+exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNew = exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf = void 0;
+const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const _abap_rule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_abap_rule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_abap_rule.js");
+const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
+const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
+const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
+const version_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../version */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/version.js");
+const Statements = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/statements */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/statements/index.js"));
+class PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+}
+exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf = PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf;
+class PreferRaiseExceptionNew extends _abap_rule_1.ABAPRule {
+    constructor() {
+        super(...arguments);
+        this.conf = new PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf();
+    }
+    getMetadata() {
+        return {
+            key: "prefer_raise_exception_new",
+            title: "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE",
+            shortDescription: `Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE`,
+            extendedInformation: `
+https://github.com/SAP/styleguides/blob/main/clean-abap/CleanABAP.md#prefer-raise-exception-new-to-raise-exception-type
+
+From 752 and up`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Styleguide, _irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile, _irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix, _irule_1.RuleTag.Upport],
+            goodExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION NEW cx_generation_error( previous = exception ).`,
+            badExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE cx_generation_error
+  EXPORTING
+    previous = exception.`,
+        };
+    }
+    getConfig() {
+        return this.conf;
+    }
+    setConfig(conf) {
+        this.conf = conf;
+    }
+    runParsed(file) {
+        if (!(0, version_1.releaseAtLeast)(this.reg.getConfig().getRelease(), version_1.Release.v752)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+        const issues = [];
+        for (const statement of file.getStatements()) {
+            if (statement.get() instanceof Statements.Raise) {
+                const concat = statement.concatTokens().toUpperCase();
+                if (concat.includes(" MESSAGE")) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (concat.startsWith("RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE ")) {
+                    const message = "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE";
+                    const fix = this.getFix(file, statement, concat.includes(" EXPORTING") ? true : false);
+                    issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(file, statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return issues;
+    }
+    getFix(file, statement, withExporting) {
+        const children = statement.getChildren();
+        const fixText = withExporting ? "( " + children[5].concatTokens() + " )." : "( ).";
+        const contentFix = edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceRange(file, children[3].getLastToken().getEnd(), statement.getEnd(), fixText);
+        const replaceType = edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(file, children[2].getFirstToken(), "NEW");
+        return edit_helper_1.EditHelper.merge(contentFix, replaceType);
+    }
+}
+exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNew = PreferRaiseExceptionNew;
+//# sourceMappingURL=prefer_raise_exception_new.js.map
+
+/***/ },
+
+/***/ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_raise_message.js"
+/*!*****************************************************************************!*\
+  !*** ./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/prefer_raise_message.js ***!
+  \*****************************************************************************/
+(__unused_webpack_module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
+
+"use strict";
+
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
+exports.PreferRaiseMessage = exports.PreferRaiseMessageConf = void 0;
 const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
 const _abap_rule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_abap_rule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_abap_rule.js");
 const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
-const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
 const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
-const version_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../version */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/version.js");
 const Statements = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/statements */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/statements/index.js"));
-class PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+class PreferRaiseMessageConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
+    constructor() {
+        super(...arguments);
+        /** List of exception class names to ignore, case insensitive */
+        this.ignoreExceptionClasses = [];
+    }
 }
-exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf = PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf;
-class PreferRaiseExceptionNew extends _abap_rule_1.ABAPRule {
+exports.PreferRaiseMessageConf = PreferRaiseMessageConf;
+class PreferRaiseMessage extends _abap_rule_1.ABAPRule {
     constructor() {
         super(...arguments);
-        this.conf = new PreferRaiseExceptionNewConf();
+        this.conf = new PreferRaiseMessageConf();
     }
     getMetadata() {
         return {
-            key: "prefer_raise_exception_new",
-            title: "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE",
-            shortDescription: `Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE`,
-            extendedInformation: `
-https://github.com/SAP/styleguides/blob/main/clean-abap/CleanABAP.md#prefer-raise-exception-new-to-raise-exception-type
+            key: "prefer_raise_message",
+            title: "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION with MESSAGE",
+            shortDescription: `Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION with MESSAGE instead of supplying parameter TEXT or TEXTID`,
+            extendedInformation: `Reports RAISE EXCEPTION statements where parameter TEXT or TEXTID is supplied.
 
-From 752 and up`,
-            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Styleguide, _irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile, _irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix, _irule_1.RuleTag.Upport],
-            goodExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION NEW cx_generation_error( previous = exception ).`,
-            badExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE cx_generation_error
-  EXPORTING
-    previous = exception.`,
+Use a message class instead, so the text is translatable and can be found via where-used.
+
+Exception classes can be excluded via configuration "ignoreExceptionClasses".`,
+            tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.SingleFile],
+            goodExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_error MESSAGE e001(zclass).`,
+            badExample: `RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_error
+  EXPORTING text = 'hello world'.`,
         };
     }
     getConfig() {
@@ -100247,35 +102572,46 @@ From 752 and up`,
         this.conf = conf;
     }
     runParsed(file) {
-        if (!(0, version_1.releaseAtLeast)(this.reg.getConfig().getRelease(), version_1.Release.v752)) {
-            return [];
-        }
+        var _a, _b, _c, _d;
+        var _e;
         const issues = [];
+        const ignore = ((_e = this.conf.ignoreExceptionClasses) !== null && _e !== void 0 ? _e : []).map(c => c.toUpperCase());
         for (const statement of file.getStatements()) {
-            if (statement.get() instanceof Statements.Raise) {
-                const concat = statement.concatTokens().toUpperCase();
-                if (concat.includes(" MESSAGE")) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-                if (concat.startsWith("RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE ")) {
-                    const message = "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION NEW to RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE";
-                    const fix = this.getFix(file, statement, concat.includes(" EXPORTING") ? true : false);
-                    issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(file, statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix));
-                }
+            if (!(statement.get() instanceof Statements.Raise)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const concat = statement.concatTokens().toUpperCase();
+            if (!concat.startsWith("RAISE EXCEPTION ") && !concat.startsWith("RAISE RESUMABLE EXCEPTION ")) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            else if (concat.includes(" MESSAGE")) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let className;
+            let parameters;
+            const newObject = (_b = (_a = statement.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Source)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodCallChain)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.findDirectExpression(Expressions.NewObject);
+            if (newObject) {
+                className = (_c = newObject.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer)) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.concatTokens();
+                parameters = newObject.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ParameterListS);
+            }
+            else {
+                className = (_d = statement.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ClassName)) === null || _d === void 0 ? void 0 : _d.concatTokens();
+                parameters = statement.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ParameterListS);
+            }
+            if (className === undefined || ignore.includes(className.toUpperCase())) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = parameters === null || parameters === void 0 ? void 0 : parameters.findDirectExpressions(Expressions.ParameterS).map(p => { var _a; return (_a = p.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ParameterName)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.concatTokens().toUpperCase(); }).find(n => n === "TEXT" || n === "TEXTID");
+            if (name) {
+                const message = "Prefer RAISE EXCEPTION with MESSAGE, " + className + " raised with parameter " + name;
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(file, statement, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity));
             }
         }
         return issues;
     }
-    getFix(file, statement, withExporting) {
-        const children = statement.getChildren();
-        const fixText = withExporting ? "( " + children[5].concatTokens() + " )." : "( ).";
-        const contentFix = edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceRange(file, children[3].getLastToken().getEnd(), statement.getEnd(), fixText);
-        const replaceType = edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(file, children[2].getFirstToken(), "NEW");
-        return edit_helper_1.EditHelper.merge(contentFix, replaceType);
-    }
 }
-exports.PreferRaiseExceptionNew = PreferRaiseExceptionNew;
-//# sourceMappingURL=prefer_raise_exception_new.js.map
+exports.PreferRaiseMessage = PreferRaiseMessage;
+//# sourceMappingURL=prefer_raise_message.js.map
 
 /***/ },
 
@@ -103647,21 +105983,51 @@ var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.SingleUseExpressionTemp = exports.SingleUseExpressionTempConf = void 0;
 const Expressions = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/expressions */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/expressions/index.js"));
+const Statements = __importStar(__webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/2_statements/statements */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/2_statements/statements/index.js"));
 const nodes_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/nodes */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/nodes/index.js");
 const _reference_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../abap/5_syntax/_reference */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/abap/5_syntax/_reference.js");
 const edit_helper_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../edit_helper */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/edit_helper.js");
 const issue_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../issue */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/issue.js");
+const version_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../version */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/version.js");
 const _basic_rule_config_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_basic_rule_config */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_basic_rule_config.js");
 const _irule_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_irule */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_irule.js");
 const _procedure_analysis_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./_procedure_analysis */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/rules/_procedure_analysis.js");
 class SingleUseExpressionTempConf extends _basic_rule_config_1.BasicRuleConfig {
 }
 exports.SingleUseExpressionTempConf = SingleUseExpressionTempConf;
-/** builtin functions whose result type follows the type of the argument */
-const NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS = new Set(["abs", "sign", "ceil", "floor", "trunc", "frac", "ipow", "nmax", "nmin",
-    "round", "rescale"]);
 /** constructor expressions that can build the result directly in the target */
 const IN_PLACE = new Set(["VALUE", "CORRESPONDING", "COND", "SWITCH", "REDUCE", "FILTER"]);
+/** constructor expressions with an explicit type: KEYWORD type( ... ) */
+const CONSTRUCTORS = new Set(["VALUE", "CORRESPONDING", "COND", "SWITCH", "REDUCE", "FILTER", "CONV", "EXACT", "REF"]);
+/** types that an integer literal converts to without an exception */
+const LITERAL_CONVERSIONS = new Set(["I", "INT8", "F", "DECFLOAT16", "DECFLOAT34", "STRING"]);
+/** where the variable is read */
+var Placement;
+(function (Placement) {
+    /** y = v. */
+    Placement["Move"] = "move";
+    /** v->m( ) or v->attr */
+    Placement["Receiver"] = "receiver";
+    /** m( v ), m( p = v ), CALL METHOD m EXPORTING p = v, NEW c( p = v ), CREATE OBJECT o EXPORTING p = v */
+    Placement["Parameter"] = "parameter";
+    /** APPEND v TO itab. */
+    Placement["Append"] = "append";
+    /** IF v = x., ELSEIF v = x., xsdbool( v = x ) */
+    Placement["Comparison"] = "comparison";
+    /** |{ v }| */
+    Placement["Template"] = "template";
+})(Placement || (Placement = {}));
+var ExpressionKind;
+(function (ExpressionKind) {
+    /** literal, string template without embeddings, CONV t( literal ) or a constant: the same value everywhere */
+    ExpressionKind["Constant"] = "constant";
+    /** reads only private variables and constants, cannot raise an exception or run other code */
+    ExpressionKind["Pure"] = "pure";
+    /** a data object that other code can change */
+    ExpressionKind["Data"] = "data";
+    /** method calls, NEW and everything else */
+    ExpressionKind["Other"] = "other";
+})(ExpressionKind || (ExpressionKind = {}));
 class SingleUseExpressionTemp {
     constructor() {
         this.conf = new SingleUseExpressionTempConf();
@@ -103670,28 +106036,62 @@ class SingleUseExpressionTemp {
         return {
             key: "single_use_expression_temp",
             title: "Single use expression temporary",
-            shortDescription: `Finds DATA(a) = <expression>. directly followed by x = a., assign the expression to x`,
-            extendedInformation: `Reports DATA(a) = <expression>. when all of the following hold:
-
-* a is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, with no other reference than the next statement,
-  which is x = a., in the same block
+            shortDescription: `Finds a local variable that only passes the value of an expression on to its single use`,
+            extendedInformation: `Reports DATA(v) = <expression>. and DATA v TYPE t. [CLEAR v.] v = <expression>.
+when all of the following hold:
+
+* v is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, its address is never taken. DATA(v) has no other
+  reference than its single read; DATA v TYPE t. without VALUE and not chained, or DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). with
+  nothing in the parentheses, has exactly one write besides CLEARs, v = <expression>., all CLEARs are before it,
+  and exactly one read after it
+* the read is one of
+  * the complete source of y = v.
+  * the receiver of a method call or attribute access: v->m( ), v->attr
+  * an actual parameter for an importing parameter: m( v ), m( p = v ), CALL METHOD m EXPORTING p = v,
+    NEW c( p = v ) or CREATE OBJECT o EXPORTING p = v
+  * APPEND v TO itab.
+  * an operand of a comparison with =, <>, <, >, <=, >= or their word forms, in IF, ELSEIF or xsdbool( )
+  * an embedding in a string template: |{ v }|
+* the read is in the statement directly after the assignment, in the same block, ignoring declarations like
+  DATA and TYPES in between, unless the expression is
+  constant: a literal, a string template without embeddings, CONV t( <integer literal> ) to a type that cannot
+  overflow, or a constant. Then the assignment must be executed before the read on every path: the read is in
+  the block of the assignment or a nested block
 * the result type of the expression does not depend on the target: no arithmetic or bit operators, no unary
-  minus, no numeric functions like abs( ) or trunc( ) whose type follows the argument, no CONV or EXACT,
-  no # type inference at the top. String templates, && concatenations, literals, method calls, NEW, CAST,
+  minus, no numeric functions like abs( ) or trunc( ) whose type follows the argument, no CONV or EXACT except
+  the constant CONV t( literal ), no # type inference at the top. String templates, && concatenations, literals, method calls, NEW, CAST,
   constructor expressions with explicit type and table expressions are fine
+* for DATA v TYPE t. and DATA(v) = VALUE t( )., the static type of the expression is identical to t. Into y = v. also a reference whose
+  static type is a subtype of t, unless y is an inline declaration, and an expression whose type depends on the
+  target, like arithmetic, if y has a type identical to t
 * VALUE, CORRESPONDING, COND, SWITCH, REDUCE and FILTER can build their result directly in the target,
-  they are only inlined into a new variable, or a local variable that they do not read and whose address
+  they are only moved into a new variable, or a local variable that they do not read and whose address
   is never taken
-* plain data objects are left for unnecessary_copy
+* the order of evaluation does not change: if the expression is not constant, nothing that is evaluated before the
+  read in the same statement calls a method or function, constructs an object, accesses a table or an attribute
+  via a reference, does arithmetic, or reads data other than local variables, pass-by-value parameters and
+  constants; the read is not inside COND, SWITCH, VALUE or other constructor expressions except NEW, and not
+  after AND, OR or EQUIV, where it might not be evaluated. This does not apply to expressions that only read
+  local variables and cannot raise an exception
+* a data object that other code can change is only moved if it keeps its value until the read, see
+  unnecessary_copy, a data object read by DATA(v) = <data object>. is left for unnecessary_copy, and a local
+  variable copied into y = v. for copy_chain
+* a character constant in IF, ELSEIF, WHILE, CHECK, CASE or WHEN is left for constant_condition
 
 Objects with syntax errors, macros or unknown statements are skipped, as are procedures with dynamic code,
 INCLUDE, test seams, enhancements or native SQL.
 
-The quick fix deletes the declaration and writes x = <expression>. No release requirement.`,
+The quick fix deletes the declaration, the CLEARs and the assignment, and replaces the read of v with the
+expression. Moving the expression of DATA v TYPE t. into other places than y = v. requires 7.40 SP02 or above,
+ABAP Cloud or open-abap.`,
             tags: [_irule_1.RuleTag.Quickfix],
             badExample: `DATA(lo_conf) = NEW zcl_conf( ).
-mo_conf = lo_conf.`,
-            goodExample: `mo_conf = NEW zcl_conf( ).`,
+mo_conf = lo_conf.
+DATA lv_key TYPE string.
+lv_key = |abapdoc|.
+lo_meta = NEW zcl_meta( iv_key = lv_key ).`,
+            goodExample: `mo_conf = NEW zcl_conf( ).
+lo_meta = NEW zcl_meta( iv_key = |abapdoc| ).`,
         };
     }
     getConfig() {
@@ -103710,61 +106110,501 @@ mo_conf = lo_conf.`,
         if (analysis === undefined) {
             return [];
         }
+        const config = this.reg.getConfig();
+        const expressions = (0, version_1.releaseAtLeast)(config.getRelease(), version_1.Release.v740sp02)
+            || config.getLanguageVersion() === version_1.LanguageVersion.Cloud || config.isOpenABAP();
         const issues = [];
         for (const procedure of analysis.procedures) {
             if (procedure.supported === false) {
                 continue;
             }
             for (const variable of procedure.locals()) {
-                const declaration = variable.declaration;
-                const move = variable.inline ? (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(declaration) : undefined;
-                const read = variable.occurrences[0];
-                if (move === undefined || move.operator !== "="
-                    || move.target.getChildren().length !== 1
-                    || move.target.findDirectExpression(Expressions.InlineData) === undefined
-                    || variable.occurrences.length !== 1 || read.kind !== _procedure_analysis_1.OccurrenceKind.Read
-                    || read.statement !== procedure.statements[procedure.index(declaration) + 1]
-                    || procedure.block(read.statement) !== procedure.block(declaration)
-                    || !procedure.isSimple(read.statement)) {
+                const temp = (_a = (variable.inline ? this.inlineTemp(procedure, variable) : undefined)) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : this.declaredTemp(variable);
+                const read = variable.reads()[0];
+                if (temp === undefined || read === undefined) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                const use = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(read.statement);
-                if (use === undefined || use.operator !== "="
-                    || ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(use.source)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(read.token.getStart())) !== true
-                    || (0, _procedure_analysis_1.dataSource)(procedure, move.source) !== undefined
-                    || !this.targetIndependent(procedure, move.source)
-                    || !this.noAliasing(procedure, move.source, use.target)) {
+                const placement = this.placement(procedure, read.statement, read.token);
+                if (placement === undefined
+                    || (!variable.inline && placement !== Placement.Move && expressions === false)
+                    || !this.valid(procedure, temp, read, placement)) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                const fix = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.mergeEdits)(procedure.file, [
-                    edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(procedure.file, read.token, (0, _procedure_analysis_1.nodeText)(procedure.file, move.source)),
-                    (0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, declaration)
-                ]);
-                const message = "Assign the expression directly instead of via " + variable.identifier.getName();
-                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(procedure.file, declaration, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix));
+                const edits = [edit_helper_1.EditHelper.replaceToken(procedure.file, read.token, (0, _procedure_analysis_1.nodeText)(procedure.file, temp.source))];
+                for (const statement of temp.remove) {
+                    edits.push((0, _procedure_analysis_1.deleteStatement)(procedure.file, statement));
+                }
+                const fix = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.mergeEdits)(procedure.file, edits);
+                const message = "Use the expression directly instead of via " + variable.identifier.getName();
+                issues.push(issue_1.Issue.atStatement(procedure.file, temp.write, message, this.getMetadata().key, this.conf.severity, fix));
             }
         }
         return issues;
     }
+    /** DATA(v) = <expression>. with a single read, plain data objects are left for unnecessary_copy */
+    inlineTemp(procedure, variable) {
+        const declaration = variable.declaration;
+        const move = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(declaration);
+        if (move === undefined || move.operator !== "="
+            || move.target.getChildren().length !== 1
+            || move.target.findDirectExpression(Expressions.InlineData) === undefined
+            || variable.occurrences.length !== 1 || variable.occurrences[0].kind !== _procedure_analysis_1.OccurrenceKind.Read
+            || (0, _procedure_analysis_1.dataSource)(procedure, move.source) !== undefined
+            || !this.targetIndependent(procedure, move.source)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return { variable, write: declaration, source: move.source, remove: [declaration], typed: false };
+    }
+    /** DATA v TYPE t. or DATA(v) = VALUE t( )., [CLEAR v.] v = <expression>. with a single read after it */
+    declaredTemp(variable) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        const declaration = variable.declaration;
+        if ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialDeclaration)(variable) === undefined || declaration.getColon() !== undefined || variable.escapes()) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const clears = [];
+        const writes = [];
+        for (const write of variable.writes()) {
+            if (((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainClear)(write.statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(write.token.getStart())) === true
+                && write.statement.getColon() === undefined) {
+                clears.push(write);
+            }
+            else {
+                writes.push(write);
+            }
+        }
+        const reads = variable.reads();
+        if (writes.length !== 1 || reads.length !== 1) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const write = writes[0];
+        const move = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(write.statement);
+        if (move === undefined || move.operator !== "="
+            || ((_b = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleTarget)(move.target)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStart().equals(write.token.getStart())) !== true
+            || clears.some(c => c.index > write.index)
+            || reads[0].index <= write.index) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return { variable, write: write.statement, source: move.source,
+            remove: [declaration, ...clears.map(c => c.statement), write.statement], typed: true };
+    }
+    placement(procedure, statement, token) {
+        var _a, _b, _c, _d;
+        if (statement.getColon() !== undefined) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const move = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement);
+        if (move !== undefined && move.operator === "=" && ((_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(move.source)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.getStart().equals(token.getStart())) === true) {
+            return Placement.Move;
+        }
+        const path = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.expressionPath)(statement, token);
+        if (path.some(e => e.get() instanceof Expressions.Target || e.get() instanceof Expressions.MethodSource
+            || e.get() instanceof Expressions.Dereference)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const tokens = procedure.tokensOf(statement);
+        const index = tokens.findIndex(t => t.getStart().equals(token.getStart()));
+        if (((_b = tokens[index + 1]) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStr()) === "->") {
+            return ((_c = tokens[index + 2]) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.getStr()) === "*" ? undefined : Placement.Receiver;
+        }
+        let sourceIndex = path.length - 1;
+        while (sourceIndex >= 0 && !(path[sourceIndex].get() instanceof Expressions.Source)
+            && !(path[sourceIndex].get() instanceof Expressions.SimpleSource4)) {
+            sourceIndex--;
+        }
+        const source = path[sourceIndex];
+        if (source === undefined || source.countTokens() !== 1
+            || source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.FieldChain) === undefined) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const parent = path[sourceIndex - 1];
+        if (parent === undefined) {
+            return statement.get() instanceof Statements.Append && statement.getChildren()[1] === source
+                ? Placement.Append : undefined;
+        }
+        else if (parent.get() instanceof Expressions.StringTemplateSource) {
+            return Placement.Template;
+        }
+        else if (parent.get() instanceof Expressions.Compare) {
+            if (parent.findDirectExpression(Expressions.CompareOperator) === undefined) {
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            let owner = sourceIndex - 2;
+            while (((_d = path[owner]) === null || _d === void 0 ? void 0 : _d.get()) instanceof Expressions.Cond) {
+                owner--;
+            }
+            if (owner === sourceIndex - 2) {
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            else if (owner < 0) {
+                const type = statement.get();
+                return type instanceof Statements.If || type instanceof Statements.ElseIf ? Placement.Comparison : undefined;
+            }
+            const keyword = path[owner].getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
+            return path[owner].get() instanceof Expressions.Source && (keyword === "XSDBOOL" || keyword === "BOOLC")
+                ? Placement.Comparison : undefined;
+        }
+        return (0, _procedure_analysis_1.formalParameter)(procedure, statement, token) !== undefined ? Placement.Parameter : undefined;
+    }
+    valid(procedure, temp, read, placement) {
+        const statement = read.statement;
+        const kind = this.kind(procedure, temp.source);
+        if (kind === ExpressionKind.Constant) {
+            if (!procedure.dominates(temp.write, statement)
+                || (!temp.typed && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isCondition)(statement) && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.characterConstant)(procedure, temp.source) !== undefined)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (statement !== procedure.nextExecuted(temp.write)
+            || !(procedure.isSimple(statement) || statement.get() instanceof Statements.If)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!this.typeMatches(procedure, temp, statement, placement)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        else if (placement === Placement.Receiver && !this.chainable(temp.source)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const data = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.dataSource)(procedure, temp.source);
+        if (kind === ExpressionKind.Constant) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if ((data === null || data === void 0 ? void 0 : data.kind) === _procedure_analysis_1.SourceKind.Local && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(temp.source) !== undefined && placement === Placement.Move) {
+            // left for copy_chain
+            return false;
+        }
+        else if (!this.notWrittenIn(procedure, temp.source, statement)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        else if (kind === ExpressionKind.Pure) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if (!this.evaluatedFirst(procedure, statement, read.token) || !this.alwaysEvaluated(statement, read.token)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return data === undefined || (0, _procedure_analysis_1.unchangedBetween)(procedure, data, temp.write, statement, read.token);
+    }
+    kind(procedure, source) {
+        var _a;
+        const data = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.dataSource)(procedure, source);
+        if (this.constant(source) || (data === null || data === void 0 ? void 0 : data.kind) === _procedure_analysis_1.SourceKind.Immutable) {
+            return ExpressionKind.Constant;
+        }
+        else if (((data === null || data === void 0 ? void 0 : data.kind) === _procedure_analysis_1.SourceKind.Local && ((_a = data.base) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.escapes()) === false) || this.pure(procedure, source)) {
+            return ExpressionKind.Pure;
+        }
+        else if (data !== undefined) {
+            return ExpressionKind.Data;
+        }
+        return ExpressionKind.Other;
+    }
+    /** a literal, a string template without embeddings, or CONV t( literal ) that cannot raise an exception */
+    constant(source) {
+        var _a;
+        const children = source.getChildren();
+        const first = children[0];
+        if (children.length === 1 && first instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode) {
+            return first.get() instanceof Expressions.Constant
+                || (first.get() instanceof Expressions.StringTemplate
+                    && first.findDirectExpression(Expressions.StringTemplateSource) === undefined);
+        }
+        if (children.length !== 5 || source.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase() !== "CONV") {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const type = ((_a = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.concatTokens().toUpperCase()) || "";
+        const body = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.ConvBody);
+        const value = (body === null || body === void 0 ? void 0 : body.getChildren().length) === 1 ? body.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Source) : undefined;
+        const literal = (value === null || value === void 0 ? void 0 : value.getChildren().length) === 1 ? value.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Constant) : undefined;
+        return literal !== undefined && LITERAL_CONVERSIONS.has(type)
+            && (literal.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Integer) !== undefined || type === "STRING");
+    }
+    /** reads only private variables and constants, and cannot raise an exception: string templates and
+     * concatenations of such fields, xsdbool( ) and boolc( ) of IS INITIAL, IS BOUND, IS INSTANCE OF and
+     * comparisons without conversion */
+    pure(procedure, source) {
+        const children = source.getChildren();
+        const first = children[0];
+        const keyword = first instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode ? first.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase() : "";
+        if (children.length === 1 && first instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode) {
+            return this.pureOperand(procedure, first);
+        }
+        else if (children.length === 3 && children[1] instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode && children[1].getFirstToken().getStr() === "&&"
+            && children[0] instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode && children[2] instanceof nodes_1.ExpressionNode) {
+            return this.pureOperand(procedure, children[0]) && this.pure(procedure, children[2]);
+        }
+        else if (children.length === 4 && (keyword === "XSDBOOL" || keyword === "BOOLC")) {
+            const cond = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Cond);
+            return cond !== undefined && this.pureCondition(procedure, cond);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    /** a literal, a private variable or constant, or a string template that embeds only those, without formatting */
+    pureOperand(procedure, operand) {
+        if (operand.get() instanceof Expressions.Constant) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if (operand.get() instanceof Expressions.FieldChain) {
+            return operand.countTokens() === 1 && this.privateField(procedure, operand.getFirstToken());
+        }
+        else if (operand.get() instanceof Expressions.StringTemplate) {
+            return operand.findDirectExpressions(Expressions.StringTemplateSource).every(s => s.getChildren().length === 1
+                && this.operandType(procedure, s.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Source)) !== undefined);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    pureCondition(procedure, cond) {
+        for (const child of cond.getChildren()) {
+            if (child instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            else if (child.get() instanceof Expressions.Cond) {
+                if (!this.pureCondition(procedure, child)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (child.get() instanceof Expressions.Compare) {
+                const operands = child.findDirectExpressions(Expressions.Source);
+                const words = child.getChildren().filter(c => c instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode).map(c => c.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase());
+                const operator = child.findDirectExpression(Expressions.CompareOperator);
+                const types = operands.map(o => this.operandType(procedure, o));
+                if (types.some(t => t === undefined)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                else if (operands.length === 1 && words[words.length - 1] !== "SUPPLIED" && words[words.length - 1] !== "REQUESTED"
+                    && words.includes("IS") && child.findDirectExpression(Expressions.CompareOperator) === undefined) {
+                    // IS [NOT] INITIAL, IS [NOT] BOUND, IS [NOT] INSTANCE OF
+                    continue;
+                }
+                else if (operands.length === 2 && operator !== undefined
+                    && ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.identicalTypes)(types[0], types[1]) || ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(types[0]) && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(types[1])))) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                return false;
+            }
+            else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /** type of a private variable, a constant or a literal, which can be read without side effects */
+    operandType(procedure, source) {
+        if (source.getChildren().length !== 1 || source.countTokens() !== 1) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const constant = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Constant);
+        if (constant !== undefined) {
+            return (0, _procedure_analysis_1.literalType)(constant);
+        }
+        const field = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.singleField)(source);
+        if (field === undefined || !this.privateField(procedure, field)) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return procedure.identifierAt(field).getType();
+    }
+    privateField(procedure, token) {
+        const identifier = procedure.identifierAt(token);
+        return (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isImmutable)(identifier) || procedure.private(identifier) !== undefined;
+    }
+    /** the variables read by the expression are not changed by the statement that reads the temporary,
+     * except as the target of a move, which is written after its source is evaluated */
+    notWrittenIn(procedure, source, statement) {
+        var _a;
+        const target = (_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.target;
+        const inTarget = (token) => target !== undefined
+            && !token.getStart().isBefore(target.getFirstToken().getStart()) && !target.getLastToken().getStart().isBefore(token.getStart());
+        for (const token of source.getTokens()) {
+            const variable = procedure.variable(procedure.identifierAt(token));
+            if ((variable === null || variable === void 0 ? void 0 : variable.occurrences.some(o => o.statement === statement && o.kind !== _procedure_analysis_1.OccurrenceKind.Read && !inTarget(o.token))) === true) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /** nothing evaluated before the token in the statement can run other code, raise an exception or read data that
+     * other code changes. The target of a move is evaluated after its source */
+    evaluatedFirst(procedure, statement, token) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        const position = token.getStart();
+        const before = (node) => node.getLastToken().getStart().isBefore(position);
+        for (const type of [Expressions.MethodCall, Expressions.NewObject, Expressions.Cast, Expressions.TableExpression,
+            Expressions.ArithOperator, Expressions.Dereference]) {
+            if (statement.findAllExpressionsRecursive(type).some(before)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        for (const source of statement.findAllExpressionsRecursive(Expressions.Source)) {
+            const keyword = source.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
+            if (before(source) && CONSTRUCTORS.has(keyword) && source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer) !== undefined) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        // the target of a move or CREATE OBJECT is written after the source and the parameters are evaluated
+        let target = (_a = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.target;
+        if (statement.get() instanceof Statements.CreateObject) {
+            target = statement.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Target);
+            if ((target === null || target === void 0 ? void 0 : target.countTokens()) !== 1) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        const tokens = procedure.tokensOf(statement);
+        for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length && tokens[i].getStart().isBefore(position); i++) {
+            if (target !== undefined && !tokens[i].getStart().isBefore(target.getFirstToken().getStart())
+                && !target.getLastToken().getStart().isBefore(tokens[i].getStart())) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const references = procedure.analysis.referencesAt(procedure.file.getFilename(), tokens[i]);
+            if (references.some(r => r.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.DataReadReference
+                || r.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.DataWriteReference)) {
+                // a private variable or constant, and a reference only to call a method: v->m( ... token ... )
+                if (!this.privateField(procedure, tokens[i])
+                    || (((_b = tokens[i + 1]) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getStr()) === "->"
+                        && (tokens[i + 2] === undefined || procedure.methodAt(tokens[i + 2]) === undefined))) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /** the token is evaluated whenever the statement is: not in a branch of COND or SWITCH, not in an iteration of
+     * VALUE, REDUCE or FILTER, and not after AND, OR or EQUIV */
+    alwaysEvaluated(statement, token) {
+        const position = token.getStart();
+        for (const node of (0, _procedure_analysis_1.expressionPath)(statement, token)) {
+            if (node.get() instanceof Expressions.Source) {
+                const keyword = node.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
+                if (CONSTRUCTORS.has(keyword) && node.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer) !== undefined) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (node.get() instanceof Expressions.Cond) {
+                for (const child of node.getChildren()) {
+                    const word = child.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
+                    if (child instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode && child.getFirstToken().getStart().isBefore(position)
+                        && (word === "AND" || word === "OR" || word === "EQUIV")) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (node.get() instanceof Expressions.For || node.get() instanceof Expressions.Let) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /** the expression can be followed by -> */
+    chainable(source) {
+        const children = source.getChildren();
+        return children.length === 1 && (children[0].get() instanceof Expressions.FieldChain
+            || children[0].get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCallChain);
+    }
+    typeMatches(procedure, temp, statement, placement) {
+        const use = placement === Placement.Move ? (0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(statement) : undefined;
+        if (use !== undefined && !this.noAliasing(procedure, temp.source, use.target)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        else if (!temp.typed) {
+            // the variable has the type of the expression
+            return true;
+        }
+        const type = temp.variable.identifier.getType();
+        const independent = this.targetIndependent(procedure, temp.source);
+        if (use === undefined) {
+            return independent && this.sameType(procedure, temp, type);
+        }
+        const inline = use.target.findFirstExpression(Expressions.InlineData) !== undefined;
+        if (independent) {
+            if (this.sameType(procedure, temp, type)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            // an up cast into v, and v into y, is an up cast into y
+            const expression = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.expressionType)(procedure, temp.source);
+            const constructed = this.constructedType(temp.source);
+            const reference = expression === undefined ? (constructed === null || constructed === void 0 ? void 0 : constructed.reference) === true && constructed.name !== "#"
+                : (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(expression);
+            return inline === false && reference && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.isReferenceType)(type);
+        }
+        // the type of the expression follows the target
+        const target = inline ? undefined : (0, _procedure_analysis_1.targetType)(procedure, use.target);
+        return target !== undefined && (0, _procedure_analysis_1.identicalTypes)(target, type);
+    }
+    /** the expression has exactly the type of the declaration DATA v TYPE t. */
+    sameType(procedure, temp, type) {
+        const expression = (0, _procedure_analysis_1.expressionType)(procedure, temp.source);
+        if (expression !== undefined) {
+            return (0, _procedure_analysis_1.identicalTypes)(expression, type);
+        }
+        // constructor expressions with an explicit type, compared by the name of the type
+        const declared = this.declaredType(temp.variable);
+        const constructed = this.constructedType(temp.source);
+        return declared !== undefined && constructed !== undefined && constructed.name !== "#"
+            && constructed.name === declared.name && constructed.reference === declared.reference;
+    }
+    /** the type name of DATA v TYPE t., DATA v TYPE REF TO t. or DATA(v) = VALUE t( ). */
+    declaredType(variable) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        const declaration = variable.declaration;
+        if ((0, _procedure_analysis_1.initialDeclaration)(variable) === _procedure_analysis_1.InitialDeclaration.Value) {
+            return this.constructedType((0, _procedure_analysis_1.plainMove)(declaration).source);
+        }
+        const type = (_a = declaration.findDirectExpression(Expressions.DataDefinition)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.findDirectExpression(Expressions.Type);
+        const name = (_b = type === null || type === void 0 ? void 0 : type.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeName)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.concatTokens().toUpperCase();
+        const words = type === null || type === void 0 ? void 0 : type.getTokens().map(t => t.getStr().toUpperCase()).join(" ");
+        if (name === undefined) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        else if (words === "TYPE " + name) {
+            return { name, reference: false };
+        }
+        else if (words === "TYPE REF TO " + name) {
+            return { name, reference: true };
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    /** VALUE t( ... ), CONV t( ... ) etc., NEW c( ... ) and CAST c( ... ) with an explicit type */
+    constructedType(source) {
+        const children = source.getChildren();
+        const last = children[children.length - 1];
+        const keyword = source.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
+        let name;
+        let reference = false;
+        if (CONSTRUCTORS.has(keyword) && keyword !== "REF" && last instanceof nodes_1.TokenNode && last.getFirstToken().getStr() === ")") {
+            name = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer);
+        }
+        else if (children.length === 1 && children[0].get() instanceof Expressions.MethodCallChain
+            && children[0].getChildren().length === 1) {
+            const constructor = children[0].getChildren()[0];
+            if (constructor.get() instanceof Expressions.NewObject || constructor.get() instanceof Expressions.Cast) {
+                name = constructor.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer);
+                reference = true;
+            }
+        }
+        const text = name === null || name === void 0 ? void 0 : name.concatTokens().toUpperCase();
+        return text === undefined ? undefined : { name: text, reference };
+    }
     /** the type of the expression does not depend on where it is assigned to */
     targetIndependent(procedure, source) {
-        var _a, _b;
+        var _a, _b, _c;
         const first = source.getFirstToken().getStr().toUpperCase();
-        if (first === "CONV" || first === "EXACT"
+        if (this.constant(source)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        else if (first === "CONV" || first === "EXACT"
             || ((_a = source.findDirectExpression(Expressions.TypeNameOrInfer)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.concatTokens()) === "#"
+            || ((_b = this.constructedType(source)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.name) === "#"
             || source.findFirstExpression(Expressions.ArithOperator) !== undefined
             || source.getTokens().some(t => t.getStr().toUpperCase().startsWith("BIT-"))
             || !this.concatenationOnly(source)) {
             return false;
         }
         for (const call of source.findAllExpressionsRecursive(Expressions.MethodCall)) {
-            const name = (_b = call.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodName)) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.getFirstToken();
+            const name = (_c = call.findDirectExpression(Expressions.MethodName)) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.getFirstToken();
             if (name === undefined) {
                 return false;
             }
             const builtin = procedure.analysis.referencesAt(procedure.file.getFilename(), name)
                 .some(r => r.referenceType === _reference_1.ReferenceType.BuiltinMethodReference);
-            if (builtin && NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS.has(name.getStr().toLowerCase())) {
+            if (builtin && _procedure_analysis_1.NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS.has(name.getStr().toLowerCase())) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -107032,14 +109872,17 @@ class UnnecessaryCopy {
             extendedInformation: `Reports DATA(a) = b. when all of the following hold:
 
 * a is a local variable of a METHOD, FORM or FUNCTION, and has exactly one more reference: a read,
-  which does not take its address, bind a field symbol to it, or pass it to USING, CHANGING or EXPORTING
+  which does not take its address, bind a field symbol to it, or pass it to USING or CHANGING
 * b is a plain data object: variable, constant, attribute, or a chain of components and attributes,
   without calls, offsets, table expressions, field symbols or ->*
 * the declaration is executed before the read on every path: the read is in the block of the declaration
   or a nested block, and both are in the same loop
-* b keeps its value from the declaration until the read: for a local b, no write to it and its address is
-  never taken; for other b, in addition no method, function or form call and no write except to local
-  variables, by value parameters and RETURNING in between
+* b keeps its value from the declaration until the read: for a local b, or a pass-by-value or RETURNING
+  parameter b of a method or form, no write to it and its address is never taken; for other b, in addition no
+  method, function or form call and no write except to local variables, by value parameters and RETURNING in
+  between, and in the statement of the read no call before the read. A method called in that statement could
+  change b while it reads the parameter that b is passed to by reference, so the read may only be the receiver
+  of the call, or the actual parameter of a pass-by-value parameter of the only method called in the statement
 
 a has the type of b, so reading b instead does not change any conversion.
 A constant b read in IF, ELSEIF, WHILE, CHECK, CASE or WHEN is not reported, see constant_condition.
@@ -113279,14 +116122,42 @@ exports.ArithOperatorTranspiler = ArithOperatorTranspiler;
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", ({ value: true }));
 exports.AttributeChainTranspiler = void 0;
 const core_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! @abaplint/core */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/core/build/src/index.js");
+const traversal_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../traversal */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/transpiler/build/src/traversal.js");
 const chunk_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ../chunk */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/transpiler/build/src/chunk.js");
+const attribute_name_1 = __webpack_require__(/*! ./attribute_name */ "./node_modules/@abaplint/transpiler/build/src/expressions/attribute_name.js");
 class AttributeChainTranspiler {
     transpile(node, traversal) {
         const ret = new chunk_1.Chunk();
+        let arrow = "";
         for (const c of node.getChildren()) {
             if (c.get() instanceof core_1.Expressions.AttributeName) {
                 ret.appendChunk(traversal.traverse(c));
             }
+            else if (c.get() instanceof core_1.Expressions.ArrowOrDash) {
+                arrow = c.concatTokens();
+                if (arrow === "-" || arrow === "->") {
+                    ret.append(".get()", c, traversal);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (c instanceof core_1.Nodes.TokenNode && c.getFirstToken().getStr() === "*") {
+                ret.append(".dereference()", c, traversal);
+            }
+            else if (c instanceof core_1.Nodes.ExpressionNode && c.get() instanceof core_1.Expressions.ComponentName) {
+                if (arrow === "-") {
+                    // structure component
+                    const name = c.getFirstToken().getStr().toLowerCase();
+                    if (traversal_1.Traversal.isBracketComponent(name)) {
+                        ret.append(`["` + name + `"]`, c, traversal);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        ret.append("." + name, c, traversal);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    // attribute of an object, eg. "node->get_first_token( )->start->row"
+                    ret.appendString(".").appendChunk(new attribute_name_1.AttributeNameTranspiler().transpile(c, traversal));
+                }
+            }
             else {
                 ret.append("AttributeChainTodo", node, traversal);
             }
@@ -113649,7 +116520,7 @@ class CompareTranspiler {
             return new chunk_1.Chunk().appendString(pre + "abap.compare.in(").join([s0, s1]).appendString(")");
         }
         else if (sources.length === 2) {
-            const operator = traversal.traverse(node.findFirstExpression(core_1.Expressions.CompareOperator));
+            const operator = traversal.traverse(node.findDirectExpression(core_1.Expressions.CompareOperator));
             const s0 = traversal.traverse(sources[0]);
             const s1 = traversal.traverse(sources[1]);
             return new chunk_1.Chunk().appendString(pre + "abap.compare.").appendChunk(operator).appendString("(").join([s0, s1]).appendString(")");
@@ -125079,11 +127950,33 @@ class FieldSymbolTranspiler {
         if (found === undefined) {
             throw new Error("FieldSymbolTranspiler, var not found, \"" + token.getStr() + "\"");
         }
+        let type = found.getType();
+        // abaplint types TYPE STANDARD TABLE, SORTED TABLE, HASHED TABLE, INDEX TABLE and
+        // ANY TABLE alike, a generic table without a primary key; the kind is in the statement,
+        // and the runtime needs it to refuse an ASSIGN of a table of another kind
+        const typeTable = node.findDirectExpression(abaplint.Expressions.TypeTable);
+        if (typeTable !== undefined
+            && type instanceof abaplint.BasicTypes.TableType
+            && type.getOptions().primaryKey === undefined) {
+            const kind = /^TYPE (STANDARD|SORTED|HASHED|INDEX|ANY) TABLE$/i.exec(typeTable.concatTokens());
+            if (kind !== null) {
+                const options = {
+                    ...type.getOptions(),
+                    primaryKey: {
+                        name: "primary_key",
+                        type: kind[1].toUpperCase(),
+                        keyFields: [],
+                        isUnique: false,
+                    },
+                };
+                type = new abaplint.BasicTypes.TableType(type.getRowType(), options, type.getQualifiedName());
+            }
+        }
         if (name) {
             return new chunk_1.Chunk()
                 .appendString("let ")
                 .appendString(new field_symbol_1.FieldSymbolTranspiler().transpile(name, traversal).getCode())
-                .appendString(" = new abap.types.FieldSymbol(" + traversal.toType(found.getType()) + ");");
+                .appendString(" = new abap.types.FieldSymbol(" + traversal.toType(type) + ");");
         }
         throw new Error("FieldSymbolTranspiler, name not found");
     }