@_linked/core 2.28.4 → 2.30.0

package/lib/esm/sparql/irToAlgebra.js

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { rdf } from '../ontologies/rdf.js';
 import { shacl } from '../ontologies/shacl.js';
 import { xsd } from '../ontologies/xsd.js';
 import { getSimplePathId } from '../paths/normalizePropertyPath.js';
-import { getAllNodeShapes, getNodeShape, getRegistryVersion, getShapeClass, getTargetClassId, } from '../utils/ShapeClass.js';
+import { getAllNodeShapes, getNodeShape, getRegistryVersion, getShapeClass, getSubShapes, getTargetClassId, } from '../utils/ShapeClass.js';
 import { UnresolvedContextError } from '../queries/QueryContext.js';
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Constants
@@ -1421,18 +1421,65 @@ function fieldValueToTerms(value, options, datatype) {
     }
     return [];
 }
+/**
+ * The RDF-collection and SHACL-path predicates the cascade's blank-node block walks inside a
+ * blank structure: the syntax core writes as blank nodes (`serializePathToNodeData`).
+ */
+const BLANK_SYNTAX_PREDICATES = [
+    rdf.first.id,
+    rdf.rest.id,
+    shacl.inversePath.id,
+    shacl.alternativePath.id,
+    shacl.zeroOrMorePath.id,
+    shacl.oneOrMorePath.id,
+    shacl.zeroOrOnePath.id,
+];
+/**
+ * A blank node is removed only by the cascade's blank-node block, which reaches it through a
+ * `contains` edge, or, inside a blank structure, through a list / path syntax predicate
+ * (`rdf:first` of a blank list cell). A blank node held any other way could never be deleted:
+ * refuse to write one.
+ */
+function assertBlankIsOwned(data, propertyId, propertyTerm, parentIsBlank) {
+    var _a;
+    if (!data.blank || ((_a = findPropertyShapeById(propertyId)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.contains))
+        return;
+    const syntaxEdge = parentIsBlank && propertyTerm.kind === 'iri' && BLANK_SYNTAX_PREDICATES.includes(propertyTerm.value);
+    if (syntaxEdge)
+        return;
+    throw new Error(`A blank nested node (__blank) must be the value of a \`contains\` property, or of a list / ` +
+        `path syntax predicate inside a blank node; ${propertyId} is neither, so nothing would ` +
+        `ever delete it.`);
+}
 /**
  * Recursively generate triples for an IRNodeData (used in create and nested creates).
- * Returns the URI used for this node and all generated triples.
+ * Returns the term used for this node and all generated triples.
+ *
+ * A node marked `blank` (nested only, see `NodeDescriptionValue.__blank`) becomes a fresh
+ * blank node with its field triples and NO `rdf:type`: it is RDF syntax, like a SHACL path
+ * operator, which the spec defines as a blank node that is the subject of exactly one triple.
+ * Without a `blanks` minter (the update paths) a blank node throws.
  */
-function generateNodeDataTriples(data, options) {
-    const uri = data.id || generateEntityUri(data.shape, options);
+function generateNodeDataTriples(data, options, blanks) {
     const triples = [];
-    const subjectTerm = iriTerm(uri);
-    // Type triple — resolve the SHACL NodeShapeData id in the IR to the ontology
-    // targetClass URI (sibling of PR #77's SELECT-side resolveShapeScanIri).
-    // Mutations were not covered by #77; see mutation-uri-fidelity.test.ts.
-    triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, iriTerm(RDF_TYPE), iriTerm(resolveShapeScanIri(data.shape))));
+    let subjectTerm;
+    if (data.blank) {
+        if (data.id) {
+            throw new Error(`A blank nested node (__blank) cannot carry an id (${data.id}).`);
+        }
+        if (!blanks) {
+            throw new Error('A blank nested node (__blank) can only be written by a create. An update writes its ' +
+                'INSERT once per WHERE solution, which would duplicate the blank node.');
+        }
+        subjectTerm = { kind: 'blank', label: `b${blanks.next++}` };
+    }
+    else {
+        subjectTerm = iriTerm(data.id || generateEntityUri(data.shape, options));
+        // Type triple — resolve the SHACL NodeShapeData id in the IR to the ontology
+        // targetClass URI (sibling of PR #77's SELECT-side resolveShapeScanIri).
+        // Mutations were not covered by #77; see mutation-uri-fidelity.test.ts.
+        triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, iriTerm(RDF_TYPE), iriTerm(resolveShapeScanIri(data.shape))));
+    }
     // Field triples
     for (const field of data.fields) {
         // Resolve the SHACL PropertyShapeData id to its declared `path` URI.
@@ -1445,8 +1492,9 @@ function generateNodeDataTriples(data, options) {
             for (const item of field.value) {
                 if (item && typeof item === 'object' && 'shape' in item && 'fields' in item) {
                     // Nested create
-                    const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(item, options);
-                    triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, iriTerm(nested.uri)));
+                    assertBlankIsOwned(item, field.property, propertyTerm, !!data.blank);
+                    const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(item, options, blanks);
+                    triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, nested.term));
                     triples.push(...nested.triples);
                 }
                 else {
@@ -1460,8 +1508,9 @@ function generateNodeDataTriples(data, options) {
         }
         // Handle nested IRNodeData
         if (typeof field.value === 'object' && 'shape' in field.value && 'fields' in field.value) {
-            const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(field.value, options);
-            triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, iriTerm(nested.uri)));
+            assertBlankIsOwned(field.value, field.property, propertyTerm, !!data.blank);
+            const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(field.value, options, blanks);
+            triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, nested.term));
             triples.push(...nested.triples);
             continue;
         }
@@ -1471,13 +1520,16 @@ function generateNodeDataTriples(data, options) {
             triples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, term));
         }
     }
-    return { uri, triples };
+    return { term: subjectTerm, triples };
 }
 /**
  * Converts an IRCreateMutation to a SparqlInsertDataPlan.
  */
 export function createToAlgebra(query, options) {
-    const { triples } = generateNodeDataTriples(query.data, options);
+    if (query.data.blank) {
+        throw new Error('The root node of a create cannot be blank (__blank): it must be addressable.');
+    }
+    const { triples } = generateNodeDataTriples(query.data, options, { next: 0 });
     return {
         type: 'insert_data',
         triples,
@@ -1486,11 +1538,31 @@ export function createToAlgebra(query, options) {
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Shared update field processing
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** A bare `{id}` reference: a link to an existing node, not a nested create. */
+export function isBareNodeReference(value) {
+    return (!!value &&
+        typeof value === 'object' &&
+        !Array.isArray(value) &&
+        !(value instanceof Date) &&
+        typeof value.id === 'string' &&
+        !('shape' in value) &&
+        !('fields' in value));
+}
+/**
+ * The values a `contains` replace keeps: the bare `{id}`s of the new single value or of
+ * the overwrite array. A nested create that carries an id is not kept — it rewrites that
+ * node completely, as it always has.
+ */
+function keptReferences(value) {
+    const items = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+    return items.filter(isBareNodeReference).map((ref) => iriTerm(ref.id));
+}
 /**
  * Processes IRNodeData fields into DELETE/INSERT/WHERE triples.
  * Shared between updateToAlgebra (IRI subject) and updateWhereToAlgebra (variable subject).
  */
 function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
+    var _a, _b;
     const deletePatterns = [];
     const insertPatterns = [];
     const oldValueTriples = [];
@@ -1505,6 +1577,10 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
         const propertyTerm = resolvePropertyPredicateTerm(field.property);
         const suffix = propertySuffix(field.property);
         const isContainsField = propertyTerm.kind === 'iri' && updContainsPreds.includes(propertyTerm.value);
+        // Only a `contains` property that declares a value shape deletes the old value's own
+        // triples. Without one (a polymorphic slot like `sh:path`) the value may be a shared
+        // IRI, so it is left to the cascade, which deletes it only when it is dependent-typed.
+        const hasValueShape = isContainsField && !!((_a = findPropertyShapeById(field.property)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.valueShape);
         // Check for set modification ({add, remove})
         if (field.value &&
             typeof field.value === 'object' &&
@@ -1515,17 +1591,26 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
             ('add' in field.value || 'remove' in field.value)) {
             const setMod = field.value;
             if (setMod.remove) {
+                // A value that is removed and added back in the same modification stays: its edge
+                // is deleted and re-inserted (a no-op), and the node itself is not touched.
+                const readdedIds = new Set(((_b = setMod.add) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : []).filter(isBareNodeReference).map((ref) => ref.id));
                 setMod.remove.forEach((removeItem, ri) => {
-                    const removeTerm = iriTerm(removeItem.id);
-                    deletePatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, removeTerm));
-                    oldValueTriples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, removeTerm));
+                    const removeId = removeItem.id;
+                    const removeTerm = iriTerm(removeId);
+                    const edge = tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, removeTerm);
+                    deletePatterns.push(edge);
+                    oldValueTriples.push(edge);
                     // For a `contains` set, removing a value deletes the removed node itself
                     // (its own triples) and its owned subtree — exclusive ownership via the edge.
-                    if (isContainsField) {
-                        const self = buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, removeTerm, `ucr_${suffix}_${ri}_`);
-                        deletePatterns.push(...self.deletePatterns);
-                        cascadeOptionals.push(...self.whereOptionals);
-                        const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(removeTerm, `ucr_${suffix}_${ri}_`);
+                    if (isContainsField && !readdedIds.has(removeId)) {
+                        if (hasValueShape) {
+                            const self = buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, removeTerm, `ucr_${suffix}_${ri}_`);
+                            deletePatterns.push(...self.deletePatterns);
+                            cascadeOptionals.push(...self.whereOptionals);
+                        }
+                        // The edge leads the cascade too: with a zero-or-more path the removed node is
+                        // itself a match, and it may only be deleted while it is still owned here.
+                        const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(removeTerm, `ucr_${suffix}_${ri}_`, edge);
                         deletePatterns.push(...cascade.deletePatterns);
                         cascadeOptionals.push(...cascade.whereOptionals);
                     }
@@ -1535,7 +1620,7 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
                 for (const addItem of setMod.add) {
                     if (addItem && typeof addItem === 'object' && 'shape' in addItem && 'fields' in addItem) {
                         const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(addItem, options);
-                        insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, iriTerm(nested.uri)));
+                        insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, nested.term));
                         insertPatterns.push(...nested.triples);
                     }
                     else {
@@ -1551,7 +1636,12 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
         // Non-set-modification replace of a `contains` property: cascade the old value's
         // subtree (every branch below binds `old_${suffix}` in the WHERE).
         if (isContainsField) {
-            containsOldVars.push({ oldVar: `old_${suffix}`, propertyTerm });
+            containsOldVars.push({
+                oldVar: `old_${suffix}`,
+                propertyTerm,
+                keep: keptReferences(field.value),
+                hasValueShape,
+            });
         }
         // Unset (undefined/null) — delete only
         if (field.value === undefined || field.value === null) {
@@ -1568,7 +1658,7 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
             for (const item of field.value) {
                 if (item && typeof item === 'object' && 'shape' in item && 'fields' in item) {
                     const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(item, options);
-                    insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, iriTerm(nested.uri)));
+                    insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, nested.term));
                     insertPatterns.push(...nested.triples);
                 }
                 else {
@@ -1586,7 +1676,7 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
             deletePatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldVar));
             oldValueTriples.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldVar));
             const nested = generateNodeDataTriples(field.value, options);
-            insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, iriTerm(nested.uri)));
+            insertPatterns.push(tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, nested.term));
             insertPatterns.push(...nested.triples);
             continue;
         }
@@ -1636,15 +1726,19 @@ function processUpdateFields(data, subjectTerm, options) {
     }
     // For each replaced `contains` property: delete the old value's own triples
     // (exclusive ownership via the edge — backlog 032) then cascade any owned descendants.
-    containsOldVars.forEach(({ oldVar, propertyTerm }, n) => {
+    // Values re-sent as a bare `{id}` are kept: their blocks are filtered, so re-sending the
+    // current value is a no-op (the edge is deleted and re-inserted).
+    containsOldVars.forEach(({ oldVar, propertyTerm, keep, hasValueShape }, n) => {
         const oldTerm = varTerm(oldVar);
-        const self = buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm, `uc${n}_`);
-        deletePatterns.push(...self.deletePatterns);
-        cascadeOptionals.push(...self.whereOptionals);
+        if (hasValueShape) {
+            const self = buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm, `uc${n}_`, keep);
+            deletePatterns.push(...self.deletePatterns);
+            cascadeOptionals.push(...self.whereOptionals);
+        }
         // Every cascade block binds `?old` itself through the owning edge, like the
         // self-delete block does. Without it an absent old value leaves `?old` unbound and
         // the block matches the owned subtree of EVERY node in the graph.
-        const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(oldTerm, `uc${n}_`, tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm));
+        const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(oldTerm, `uc${n}_`, tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm), keep);
         deletePatterns.push(...cascade.deletePatterns);
         cascadeOptionals.push(...cascade.whereOptionals);
     });
@@ -1846,11 +1940,37 @@ function buildUpdateWhere(base, result, traversalPatterns, subjectTerm) {
 //   - a property marked `contains` → the cascade FOLLOWS that edge,
 //   - a shape marked `dependent`   → its instances may be DELETED when reached.
 // Both are read from the live registry, so no vocabulary is hardcoded. From a root
-// node we follow `(c1|c2|…)+` over all contains predicates and, for each dependent
-// targetClass, wildcard-delete the reached typed nodes. Requiring an asserted
-// `?owned a <dependentType>` naturally excludes shared predicate IRIs (e.g. a simple
-// `sh:path`) and `rdf:nil` (never typed), so only owned structural nodes are removed.
+// node we follow `(c1|c2|…)*` over all contains predicates (zero hops included, so a
+// dependent-typed root is itself a match) and, for each dependent targetClass,
+// wildcard-delete the reached typed nodes. Requiring an asserted `?owned a <dependentType>`
+// naturally excludes shared predicate IRIs (e.g. a simple `sh:path`) and `rdf:nil` (never
+// typed), so only owned structural nodes are removed.
+//
+// Whether a field owns its value is decided per predicate across the registry
+// (`collectContainment`): the replace and set-remove deletes, and the class check in
+// `ownedLinkCheck.ts`, apply that same rule. The subject deletes (by id and bulk) use the
+// deleted shape's own `contains` properties with a value shape for the immediate children.
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * The simple-path predicates of the shape's own and inherited `contains` properties that
+ * declare a value shape, deduplicated in declaration order. These are the properties
+ * whose immediate values a subject delete removes.
+ */
+function ownedValueShapePredicates(shapeId) {
+    var _a, _b;
+    const nodeShape = (_b = (_a = getShapeClass(shapeId)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.shape) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : getNodeShape(shapeId);
+    if (!nodeShape)
+        return [];
+    const predicates = new Set();
+    for (const ps of getPropertyShapes(nodeShape, true)) {
+        if (!ps.contains || !ps.valueShape)
+            continue;
+        const predicate = getSimplePathId(ps.path);
+        if (predicate)
+            predicates.add(predicate);
+    }
+    return [...predicates];
+}
 /** True when the shape (or an ancestor) declares at least one `contains` property. */
 function shapeHasContainsProperty(shapeId) {
     var _a, _b;
@@ -1866,7 +1986,7 @@ function shapeHasContainsProperty(shapeId) {
 let containmentCache = null;
 let containmentCacheSize = -1;
 /** Gather contains-predicate IRIs and dependent targetClass IRIs from the registry. */
-function collectContainment() {
+export function collectContainment() {
     var _a;
     const version = getRegistryVersion();
     if (containmentCache && version === containmentCacheSize) {
@@ -1893,6 +2013,78 @@ function collectContainment() {
     containmentCacheSize = version;
     return containmentCache;
 }
+let reachableCache = new Map();
+let reachableCacheVersion = -1;
+/**
+ * The dependent targetClasses a subject delete of `shapeId` can reach through `contains`
+ * edges, in `collectContainment` order. A subject delete emits one cascade block per type it
+ * returns, and each block is a property-path closure per subject, so a shape that owns only
+ * non-dependent values (every `Thing.image` owner) pays for none.
+ *
+ * The walk starts at the shape and its registered sub-shapes and follows every flattened
+ * property on a `contains` predicate (the registry-wide predicate rule the cascade path uses)
+ * to its value shape and that shape's sub-shapes. A property on a `contains` predicate with no
+ * value shape is polymorphic (`sh:path`) and may reach anything, so it yields every dependent
+ * type; that keeps the shape-sync delete of a NodeShape exact.
+ */
+function reachableDependentTypes(shapeId) {
+    var _a, _b;
+    const version = getRegistryVersion();
+    if (version !== reachableCacheVersion) {
+        reachableCache = new Map();
+        reachableCacheVersion = version;
+    }
+    const cached = reachableCache.get(shapeId);
+    if (cached)
+        return cached;
+    const { containsPreds, dependentTypes } = collectContainment();
+    const shapeOf = (id) => { var _a, _b; return (_b = (_a = getShapeClass(id)) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.shape) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : getNodeShape(id); };
+    const reached = new Set();
+    // Shapes whose instances an owned edge can lead to. The start shapes join only when an
+    // edge leads back to them (a dependent shape that owns its own kind, like a list cell).
+    const owned = new Set();
+    const seen = new Set();
+    const queue = [];
+    const visit = (id, viaEdge) => {
+        for (const sid of [id, ...getSubShapes(id).map((sub) => sub.id)]) {
+            if (viaEdge)
+                owned.add(sid);
+            if (seen.has(sid))
+                continue;
+            seen.add(sid);
+            queue.push(sid);
+        }
+    };
+    visit(shapeId, false);
+    let everything = false;
+    while (queue.length > 0 && !everything) {
+        const nodeShape = shapeOf(queue.shift());
+        if (!nodeShape)
+            continue;
+        for (const ps of getPropertyShapes(nodeShape, true)) {
+            const predicate = getSimplePathId(ps.path);
+            if (!predicate || !containsPreds.includes(predicate))
+                continue;
+            if (!((_a = ps.valueShape) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.id)) {
+                everything = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            visit(ps.valueShape.id, true);
+        }
+    }
+    if (!everything) {
+        for (const id of owned) {
+            const nodeShape = shapeOf(id);
+            const dependent = nodeShape === null || nodeShape === void 0 ? void 0 : nodeShape.dependent;
+            if (dependent && ((_b = nodeShape === null || nodeShape === void 0 ? void 0 : nodeShape.targetClass) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.id)) {
+                reached.add(nodeShape.targetClass.id);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    const result = everything ? dependentTypes : dependentTypes.filter((t) => reached.has(t));
+    reachableCache.set(shapeId, result);
+    return result;
+}
 /**
  * Build DELETE patterns + WHERE OPTIONAL blocks that cascade-delete the owned subtree
  * reachable from `rootTerm` via `contains` edges. `varPrefix` keeps generated variables
@@ -1900,16 +2092,24 @@ function collectContainment() {
  *
  * `anchor`, when given, leads every block: the triple that binds a variable root, so
  * each block stays correct on its own (as a UNION branch) when no such root exists.
+ * `onlyTypes`, when given, restricts the blocks to those dependent types (a subject delete
+ * passes the types its shape can reach); by default every registered dependent type gets one.
  */
-export function buildOwnedCascade(rootTerm, varPrefix, anchor) {
-    const { containsPreds, dependentTypes } = collectContainment();
+export function buildOwnedCascade(rootTerm, varPrefix, anchor, keep, onlyTypes) {
+    const containment = collectContainment();
+    const { containsPreds } = containment;
+    const dependentTypes = onlyTypes !== null && onlyTypes !== void 0 ? onlyTypes : containment.dependentTypes;
     if (containsPreds.length === 0 || dependentTypes.length === 0) {
         return { deletePatterns: [], whereOptionals: [] };
     }
-    // (c1|c2|…)+  — follow one-or-more contains edges from the root.
+    // (c1|c2|…)*  — zero or more contains edges, so the root itself is matched when it is
+    // dependent-typed. That is what cleans up the value of a `contains` property that has
+    // no value shape (a polymorphic slot like `sh:path`): it is deleted only when it is a
+    // dependent node, never when it is a shared IRI. On a subject delete `*` also matches
+    // the subject, which is being deleted anyway.
     const pathExpr = containsPreds.length === 1
-        ? { oneOrMore: { id: containsPreds[0] } }
-        : { oneOrMore: { alt: containsPreds.map((id) => ({ id })) } };
+        ? { zeroOrMore: { id: containsPreds[0] } }
+        : { zeroOrMore: { alt: containsPreds.map((id) => ({ id })) } };
     const pathTerm = {
         kind: 'path',
         value: pathExprToSparql(pathExpr),
@@ -1922,7 +2122,7 @@ export function buildOwnedCascade(rootTerm, varPrefix, anchor) {
         const p = varTerm(`${varPrefix}op${i}`);
         const o = varTerm(`${varPrefix}ov${i}`);
         deletePatterns.push(tripleOf(owned, p, o));
-        whereOptionals.push({
+        whereOptionals.push(keepFilter({
             type: 'bgp',
             triples: [
                 ...(anchor ? [anchor] : []),
@@ -1930,10 +2130,76 @@ export function buildOwnedCascade(rootTerm, varPrefix, anchor) {
                 tripleOf(owned, iriTerm(RDF_TYPE), iriTerm(typeId)),
                 tripleOf(owned, p, o),
             ],
-        });
+        }, rootTerm, keep));
+    });
+    // Blank nodes carry no type (a SHACL path operator must be the subject of exactly one
+    // triple), so the typed blocks above cannot see them. Every blank node owned through
+    // `contains` edges (`?b0`) is deleted, together with the RDF-list / SHACL-path syntax below it
+    // (`?bn`). That inner walk follows `rdf:first` too, because a sequence member that is itself a
+    // path operator is held by `rdf:first`, which is not a `contains` edge. It is restricted to the
+    // syntax predicates on purpose: SPARQL cannot require the nodes *between* `?b0` and `?bn` to be
+    // blank, so following every `contains` edge there would let a list's `rdf:first` lead into an
+    // entity it merely lists and delete that entity's blank children.
+    const insidePathExpr = { zeroOrMore: { alt: BLANK_SYNTAX_PREDICATES.map((id) => ({ id })) } };
+    const insidePathTerm = {
+        kind: 'path',
+        value: pathExprToSparql(insidePathExpr),
+        uris: collectPathUris(insidePathExpr),
+    };
+    const ownedBlank = varTerm(`${varPrefix}bn0`);
+    const blank = varTerm(`${varPrefix}bn`);
+    const bp = varTerm(`${varPrefix}bnp`);
+    const bo = varTerm(`${varPrefix}bno`);
+    const isBlank = (name) => ({
+        kind: 'function_expr',
+        name: 'isBlank',
+        args: [{ kind: 'variable_expr', name }],
     });
+    deletePatterns.push(tripleOf(blank, bp, bo));
+    whereOptionals.push(keepFilter({
+        type: 'filter',
+        expression: isBlank(`${varPrefix}bn`),
+        inner: {
+            type: 'join',
+            // Filter the owned blank nodes before the inner walk runs from each of them.
+            left: {
+                type: 'filter',
+                expression: isBlank(`${varPrefix}bn0`),
+                inner: {
+                    type: 'bgp',
+                    triples: [...(anchor ? [anchor] : []), tripleOf(rootTerm, pathTerm, ownedBlank)],
+                },
+            },
+            right: {
+                type: 'bgp',
+                triples: [tripleOf(ownedBlank, insidePathTerm, blank), tripleOf(blank, bp, bo)],
+            },
+        },
+    }, rootTerm, keep));
     return { deletePatterns, whereOptionals };
 }
+/**
+ * Wrap an owned-cleanup block in `FILTER(?old NOT IN (<k1>, …))` so a value the mutation
+ * keeps (re-sent as a bare `{id}`) is not deleted. The filter sits inside the block, next
+ * to the edge triple that binds `?old`, so it only removes that block's matches; the
+ * edge-only delete of the same value stays and is undone by the INSERT. With an IRI old
+ * term, or nothing to keep, the block is returned unchanged.
+ */
+function keepFilter(block, oldTerm, keep) {
+    const kept = (keep !== null && keep !== void 0 ? keep : []).flatMap((term) => term.kind === 'iri' ? [{ kind: 'iri_expr', value: term.value }] : []);
+    if (oldTerm.kind !== 'variable' || kept.length === 0)
+        return block;
+    return {
+        type: 'filter',
+        expression: {
+            kind: 'in_expr',
+            negated: true,
+            value: { kind: 'variable_expr', name: oldTerm.name },
+            list: kept,
+        },
+        inner: block,
+    };
+}
 /**
  * Build DELETE + WHERE OPTIONAL that removes the *old node's own* one-hop triples when a
  * `contains` edge is replaced, unset, or set-removed. A `contains` edge asserts exclusive
@@ -1942,22 +2208,31 @@ export function buildOwnedCascade(rootTerm, varPrefix, anchor) {
  * does NOT require the child shape to be `dependent`: ownership via the edge is sufficient.
  * Owned descendants *below* the old node are cascaded separately by `buildOwnedCascade`.
  *
+ * Callers use it only for a property that declares a value shape. A shape-less `contains`
+ * slot (like `sh:path`) may hold a shared IRI, so its old value is left to
+ * `buildOwnedCascade`, which deletes it only when it is dependent-typed.
+ *
  * The owning edge `<subject> <prop> ?old` is re-asserted INSIDE the WHERE group so `?old`
  * is bound there: when no old value exists the group matches nothing and the DELETE is a
  * no-op, rather than an unbound `?old` matching (and deleting) the whole graph. When
  * `oldTerm` is a concrete IRI (set-remove), the guard just confirms the link still holds.
+ *
+ * `keep` lists the bare `{id}`s the mutation writes again (a re-sent current value, the
+ * retained ids of an array overwrite). With a variable `oldTerm` the block is wrapped in
+ * `FILTER(?old NOT IN (…))`, so a kept value is not deleted; its edge is deleted and
+ * re-inserted, a no-op. A nested create carrying an id is never kept: it rewrites that node.
  */
-export function buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm, varPrefix) {
+export function buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm, varPrefix, keep) {
     const p = varTerm(`${varPrefix}sp`);
     const o = varTerm(`${varPrefix}so`);
     const wildcard = tripleOf(oldTerm, p, o);
     return {
         deletePatterns: [wildcard],
         whereOptionals: [
-            {
+            keepFilter({
                 type: 'bgp',
                 triples: [tripleOf(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm), wildcard],
-            },
+            }, oldTerm, keep),
         ],
     };
 }
@@ -1966,7 +2241,12 @@ export function buildOwnedSelfDelete(subjectTerm, propertyTerm, oldTerm, varPref
  *
  * The WHERE is the type guard of every id, joined with ONE UNION of independent
  * blocks: per id its own triples, its incoming references and, for a shape that
- * owns something, one block per dependent type of its owned subtree.
+ * owns something, one block per immediately-owned child (`<s> <p> ?dN . ?dN ?dN_p ?dN_o`,
+ * for each of the shape's own and inherited `contains` properties with a value shape and
+ * a simple path) and one block per dependent type its owned subtree can reach
+ * (`reachableDependentTypes`; none for a shape that owns only non-dependent values). The
+ * bulk deletes (`deleteAllToAlgebra`, `deleteWhereToAlgebra`) add the same owned blocks,
+ * rooted at the subject variable (see `bulkDeleteUnion`).
  *
  * The blocks must not be chained as OPTIONALs. A chain of OPTIONALs is a join, so
  * the solutions multiply: own triples x incoming references x owned triples of each
@@ -1984,6 +2264,9 @@ export function deleteToAlgebra(query, _options) {
     const deletePatterns = [];
     const guards = [];
     const blocks = [];
+    const hasContains = shapeHasContainsProperty(query.shape);
+    const ownedChildPredicates = hasContains ? ownedValueShapePredicates(query.shape) : [];
+    const cascadeTypes = hasContains ? reachableDependentTypes(query.shape) : [];
     for (let i = 0; i < query.ids.length; i++) {
         const subjectTerm = iriTerm(query.ids[i].id);
         const idx = query.ids.length > 1 ? `_${i}` : '';
@@ -1996,10 +2279,22 @@ export function deleteToAlgebra(query, _options) {
         // incoming references (the entity may have none) are separate UNION blocks.
         guards.push(typeGuard);
         blocks.push({ type: 'bgp', triples: [subjWild] }, { type: 'bgp', triples: [objWild] });
+        // The immediately-owned children: for every `contains` property with a value shape,
+        // the child's own one-hop triples, as a replace or a set-remove deletes them. No type
+        // guard and no reference check: the `contains` edge alone asserts ownership.
+        ownedChildPredicates.forEach((predicate, n) => {
+            const child = varTerm(`d${n}${idx}`);
+            const childOwn = tripleOf(child, varTerm(`d${n}${idx}_p`), varTerm(`d${n}${idx}_o`));
+            deletePatterns.push(childOwn);
+            blocks.push({
+                type: 'bgp',
+                triples: [tripleOf(subjectTerm, iriTerm(predicate), child), childOwn],
+            });
+        });
         // Cascade-delete the owned subtree — only for shapes that actually own something
         // (have a `contains` property); a plain entity delete is left untouched.
-        if (shapeHasContainsProperty(query.shape)) {
-            const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(subjectTerm, `c${idx}_`);
+        if (hasContains && cascadeTypes.length > 0) {
+            const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(subjectTerm, `c${idx}_`, undefined, undefined, cascadeTypes);
             deletePatterns.push(...cascade.deletePatterns);
             blocks.push(...cascade.whereOptionals);
         }
@@ -2079,13 +2374,39 @@ function blankNodeBlocks(shapeId, parentVar, path, counter, deletePatterns, bloc
     }
 }
 /**
- * The blank-node cleanup blocks of a bulk delete, already joined with the root's own
- * triples as ONE UNION so their matches add up instead of multiplying; `null` when the
- * shape has no blank-node property (the root wildcard then stays in the required BGP).
+ * The cleanup blocks of a bulk delete, already joined with the root's own triples as ONE
+ * UNION so their matches add up instead of multiplying; `null` when there is nothing to
+ * clean up (the root wildcard then stays in the required BGP).
+ *
+ * - The blank-node blocks of the shape's blank-node properties.
+ * - For a shape that owns something (a `contains` property), the same owned cleanup as a
+ *   delete by id: the immediately-owned children of every `contains` property with a value
+ *   shape, and the dependent cascade, rooted at the subject variable. Each owned block is led
+ *   by the subject's type triple. With a linear join it is redundant; it keeps a branch that
+ *   is evaluated on its own from running `?a0 (c…)* ?own` with both ends unbound, which
+ *   matches every node in the graph.
  */
-function bulkDeleteUnion(shapeId, subjectVar, rootWildcard, deletePatterns) {
+function bulkDeleteUnion(shapeId, subjectVar, rootWildcard, typeTriple, deletePatterns) {
     const blocks = [];
     blankNodeBlocks(shapeId, subjectVar, { triples: [], bnVars: [] }, { next: 1 }, deletePatterns, blocks);
+    if (shapeHasContainsProperty(shapeId)) {
+        const subject = varTerm(subjectVar);
+        ownedValueShapePredicates(shapeId).forEach((predicate, n) => {
+            const child = varTerm(`d${n}`);
+            const childOwn = tripleOf(child, varTerm(`d${n}_p`), varTerm(`d${n}_o`));
+            deletePatterns.push(childOwn);
+            blocks.push({
+                type: 'bgp',
+                triples: [typeTriple, tripleOf(subject, iriTerm(predicate), child), childOwn],
+            });
+        });
+        const cascadeTypes = reachableDependentTypes(shapeId);
+        if (cascadeTypes.length > 0) {
+            const cascade = buildOwnedCascade(subject, 'c_', typeTriple, undefined, cascadeTypes);
+            deletePatterns.push(...cascade.deletePatterns);
+            blocks.push(...cascade.whereOptionals);
+        }
+    }
     if (blocks.length === 0)
         return null;
     return unionOf([{ type: 'bgp', triples: [rootWildcard] }, ...blocks]);
@@ -2093,8 +2414,10 @@ function bulkDeleteUnion(shapeId, subjectVar, rootWildcard, deletePatterns) {
 /**
  * Converts an IRDeleteAllMutation to a SparqlDeleteInsertPlan.
  *
- * Generates DELETE { ?a0 ?p ?o . [blank node wildcards] }
- *          WHERE  { ?a0 a <Shape> . ?a0 ?p ?o . OPTIONAL { [blank node traversals] } }
+ * Generates DELETE { ?a0 ?p ?o . [blank-node and owned-cleanup wildcards] }
+ *          WHERE  { ?a0 a <Shape> . { ?a0 ?p ?o } UNION [one block per blank node,
+ *                   owned child and dependent type] }
+ * (see `bulkDeleteUnion`). Unlike a delete by id, incoming references are not deleted.
  */
 export function deleteAllToAlgebra(query, _options) {
     const subjectVar = 'a0';
@@ -2105,7 +2428,7 @@ export function deleteAllToAlgebra(query, _options) {
     // WHERE: type triple, then the root wildcard and the blank-node cleanup
     const typeTriple = tripleOf(varTerm(subjectVar), iriTerm(RDF_TYPE), iriTerm(resolveShapeScanIri(query.shape)));
     const rootWildcard = tripleOf(varTerm(subjectVar), varTerm('p'), varTerm('o'));
-    const union = bulkDeleteUnion(query.shape, subjectVar, rootWildcard, deletePatterns);
+    const union = bulkDeleteUnion(query.shape, subjectVar, rootWildcard, typeTriple, deletePatterns);
     const whereAlgebra = union
         ? { type: 'join', left: { type: 'bgp', triples: [typeTriple] }, right: union }
         : { type: 'bgp', triples: [typeTriple, rootWildcard] };
@@ -2119,7 +2442,9 @@ export function deleteAllToAlgebra(query, _options) {
 /**
  * Converts an IRDeleteWhereMutation to a SparqlDeleteInsertPlan.
  *
- * Like deleteAllToAlgebra but adds filter conditions from the where clause.
+ * Like deleteAllToAlgebra but adds filter conditions from the where clause. The cleanup
+ * UNION (blank nodes, owned children, dependent cascade) is joined with the filtered match,
+ * so only the matched subjects' children are deleted.
  */
 export function deleteWhereToAlgebra(query, _options) {
     const subjectVar = 'a0';
@@ -2131,7 +2456,7 @@ export function deleteWhereToAlgebra(query, _options) {
     // WHERE: type triple + the where clause; the root wildcard and blank-node cleanup follow
     const typeTriple = tripleOf(varTerm(subjectVar), iriTerm(RDF_TYPE), iriTerm(resolveShapeScanIri(query.shape)));
     const rootWildcard = tripleOf(varTerm(subjectVar), varTerm('p'), varTerm('o'));
-    const union = bulkDeleteUnion(query.shape, subjectVar, rootWildcard, deletePatterns);
+    const union = bulkDeleteUnion(query.shape, subjectVar, rootWildcard, typeTriple, deletePatterns);
     let whereAlgebra = {
         type: 'bgp',
         triples: union ? [typeTriple] : [typeTriple, rootWildcard],