zstd-ruby 1.4.4.0 → 1.5.5.0

data/ext/zstdruby/libzstd/decompress/zstd_decompress_block.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2016-present, Yann Collet, Facebook, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This source code is licensed under both the BSD-style license (found in the
@@ -14,18 +14,18 @@
 /*-*******************************************************
 *  Dependencies
 *********************************************************/
-#include <string.h>      /* memcpy, memmove, memset */
-#include "compiler.h"    /* prefetch */
-#include "cpu.h"         /* bmi2 */
-#include "mem.h"         /* low level memory routines */
+#include "../common/zstd_deps.h"   /* ZSTD_memcpy, ZSTD_memmove, ZSTD_memset */
+#include "../common/compiler.h"    /* prefetch */
+#include "../common/cpu.h"         /* bmi2 */
+#include "../common/mem.h"         /* low level memory routines */
 #define FSE_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY
-#include "fse.h"
-#define HUF_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY
-#include "huf.h"
-#include "zstd_internal.h"
+#include "../common/fse.h"
+#include "../common/huf.h"
+#include "../common/zstd_internal.h"
 #include "zstd_decompress_internal.h"   /* ZSTD_DCtx */
 #include "zstd_ddict.h"  /* ZSTD_DDictDictContent */
 #include "zstd_decompress_block.h"
+#include "../common/bits.h"  /* ZSTD_highbit32 */
 
 /*_*******************************************************
 *  Macros
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 /*_*******************************************************
 *  Memory operations
 **********************************************************/
-static void ZSTD_copy4(void* dst, const void* src) { memcpy(dst, src, 4); }
+static void ZSTD_copy4(void* dst, const void* src) { ZSTD_memcpy(dst, src, 4); }
 
 
 /*-*************************************************************
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static void ZSTD_copy4(void* dst, const void* src) { memcpy(dst, src, 4); }
 size_t ZSTD_getcBlockSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize,
                           blockProperties_t* bpPtr)
 {
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < ZSTD_blockHeaderSize, srcSize_wrong);
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < ZSTD_blockHeaderSize, srcSize_wrong, "");
 
     {   U32 const cBlockHeader = MEM_readLE24(src);
         U32 const cSize = cBlockHeader >> 3;
@@ -64,23 +64,64 @@ size_t ZSTD_getcBlockSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize,
         bpPtr->blockType = (blockType_e)((cBlockHeader >> 1) & 3);
         bpPtr->origSize = cSize;   /* only useful for RLE */
         if (bpPtr->blockType == bt_rle) return 1;
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(bpPtr->blockType == bt_reserved, corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(bpPtr->blockType == bt_reserved, corruption_detected, "");
         return cSize;
     }
 }
 
+/* Allocate buffer for literals, either overlapping current dst, or split between dst and litExtraBuffer, or stored entirely within litExtraBuffer */
+static void ZSTD_allocateLiteralsBuffer(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, void* const dst, const size_t dstCapacity, const size_t litSize,
+    const streaming_operation streaming, const size_t expectedWriteSize, const unsigned splitImmediately)
+{
+    if (streaming == not_streaming && dstCapacity > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH + litSize + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH)
+    {
+        /* room for litbuffer to fit without read faulting */
+        dctx->litBuffer = (BYTE*)dst + ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
+        dctx->litBufferEnd = dctx->litBuffer + litSize;
+        dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_in_dst;
+    }
+    else if (litSize > ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE)
+    {
+        /* won't fit in litExtraBuffer, so it will be split between end of dst and extra buffer */
+        if (splitImmediately) {
+            /* won't fit in litExtraBuffer, so it will be split between end of dst and extra buffer */
+            dctx->litBuffer = (BYTE*)dst + expectedWriteSize - litSize + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
+            dctx->litBufferEnd = dctx->litBuffer + litSize - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+        }
+        else {
+            /* initially this will be stored entirely in dst during huffman decoding, it will partially be shifted to litExtraBuffer after */
+            dctx->litBuffer = (BYTE*)dst + expectedWriteSize - litSize;
+            dctx->litBufferEnd = (BYTE*)dst + expectedWriteSize;
+        }
+        dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_split;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* fits entirely within litExtraBuffer, so no split is necessary */
+        dctx->litBuffer = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+        dctx->litBufferEnd = dctx->litBuffer + litSize;
+        dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
+    }
+}
 
 /* Hidden declaration for fullbench */
 size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
-                          const void* src, size_t srcSize);
+                          const void* src, size_t srcSize,
+                          void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const streaming_operation streaming);
 /*! ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock() :
+ * Where it is possible to do so without being stomped by the output during decompression, the literals block will be stored
+ * in the dstBuffer.  If there is room to do so, it will be stored in full in the excess dst space after where the current
+ * block will be output.  Otherwise it will be stored at the end of the current dst blockspace, with a small portion being
+ * stored in dctx->litExtraBuffer to help keep it "ahead" of the current output write.
+ *
  * @return : nb of bytes read from src (< srcSize )
  *  note : symbol not declared but exposed for fullbench */
 size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
-                          const void* src, size_t srcSize)   /* note : srcSize < BLOCKSIZE */
+                          const void* src, size_t srcSize,   /* note : srcSize < BLOCKSIZE */
+                          void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const streaming_operation streaming)
 {
     DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock");
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE, corruption_detected);
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE, corruption_detected, "");
 
     {   const BYTE* const istart = (const BYTE*) src;
         symbolEncodingType_e const litEncType = (symbolEncodingType_e)(istart[0] & 3);
@@ -89,16 +130,20 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
         {
         case set_repeat:
             DEBUGLOG(5, "set_repeat flag : re-using stats from previous compressed literals block");
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(dctx->litEntropy==0, dictionary_corrupted);
-            /* fall-through */
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(dctx->litEntropy==0, dictionary_corrupted, "");
+            ZSTD_FALLTHROUGH;
 
         case set_compressed:
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < 5, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 3; here we need up to 5 for case 3");
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < 5, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 2; here we need up to 5 for case 3");
             {   size_t lhSize, litSize, litCSize;
                 U32 singleStream=0;
                 U32 const lhlCode = (istart[0] >> 2) & 3;
                 U32 const lhc = MEM_readLE32(istart);
                 size_t hufSuccess;
+                size_t expectedWriteSize = MIN(ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, dstCapacity);
+                int const flags = 0
+                    | (ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx) ? HUF_flags_bmi2 : 0)
+                    | (dctx->disableHufAsm ? HUF_flags_disableAsm : 0);
                 switch(lhlCode)
                 {
                 case 0: case 1: default:   /* note : default is impossible, since lhlCode into [0..3] */
@@ -121,8 +166,15 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                     litCSize = (lhc >> 22) + ((size_t)istart[4] << 10);
                     break;
                 }
-                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, corruption_detected);
-                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litCSize + lhSize > srcSize, corruption_detected);
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > 0 && dst == NULL, dstSize_tooSmall, "NULL not handled");
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, corruption_detected, "");
+                if (!singleStream)
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize < MIN_LITERALS_FOR_4_STREAMS, literals_headerWrong,
+                        "Not enough literals (%zu) for the 4-streams mode (min %u)",
+                        litSize, MIN_LITERALS_FOR_4_STREAMS);
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litCSize + lhSize > srcSize, corruption_detected, "");
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(expectedWriteSize < litSize , dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+                ZSTD_allocateLiteralsBuffer(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, litSize, streaming, expectedWriteSize, 0);
 
                 /* prefetch huffman table if cold */
                 if (dctx->ddictIsCold && (litSize > 768 /* heuristic */)) {
@@ -131,13 +183,14 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 
                 if (litEncType==set_repeat) {
                     if (singleStream) {
-                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress1X_usingDTable_bmi2(
+                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress1X_usingDTable(
                             dctx->litBuffer, litSize, istart+lhSize, litCSize,
-                            dctx->HUFptr, dctx->bmi2);
+                            dctx->HUFptr, flags);
                     } else {
-                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress4X_usingDTable_bmi2(
+                        assert(litSize >= MIN_LITERALS_FOR_4_STREAMS);
+                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress4X_usingDTable(
                             dctx->litBuffer, litSize, istart+lhSize, litCSize,
-                            dctx->HUFptr, dctx->bmi2);
+                            dctx->HUFptr, flags);
                     }
                 } else {
                     if (singleStream) {
@@ -145,34 +198,41 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                         hufSuccess = HUF_decompress1X_DCtx_wksp(
                             dctx->entropy.hufTable, dctx->litBuffer, litSize,
                             istart+lhSize, litCSize, dctx->workspace,
-                            sizeof(dctx->workspace));
+                            sizeof(dctx->workspace), flags);
 #else
-                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress1X1_DCtx_wksp_bmi2(
+                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress1X1_DCtx_wksp(
                             dctx->entropy.hufTable, dctx->litBuffer, litSize,
                             istart+lhSize, litCSize, dctx->workspace,
-                            sizeof(dctx->workspace), dctx->bmi2);
+                            sizeof(dctx->workspace), flags);
 #endif
                     } else {
-                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress4X_hufOnly_wksp_bmi2(
+                        hufSuccess = HUF_decompress4X_hufOnly_wksp(
                             dctx->entropy.hufTable, dctx->litBuffer, litSize,
                             istart+lhSize, litCSize, dctx->workspace,
-                            sizeof(dctx->workspace), dctx->bmi2);
+                            sizeof(dctx->workspace), flags);
                     }
                 }
+                if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)
+                {
+                    ZSTD_memcpy(dctx->litExtraBuffer, dctx->litBufferEnd - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE, ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                    ZSTD_memmove(dctx->litBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH, dctx->litBuffer, litSize - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                    dctx->litBuffer += ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
+                    dctx->litBufferEnd -= WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
+                }
 
-                RETURN_ERROR_IF(HUF_isError(hufSuccess), corruption_detected);
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(HUF_isError(hufSuccess), corruption_detected, "");
 
                 dctx->litPtr = dctx->litBuffer;
                 dctx->litSize = litSize;
                 dctx->litEntropy = 1;
                 if (litEncType==set_compressed) dctx->HUFptr = dctx->entropy.hufTable;
-                memset(dctx->litBuffer + dctx->litSize, 0, WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH);
                 return litCSize + lhSize;
             }
 
         case set_basic:
             {   size_t litSize, lhSize;
                 U32 const lhlCode = ((istart[0]) >> 2) & 3;
+                size_t expectedWriteSize = MIN(ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, dstCapacity);
                 switch(lhlCode)
                 {
                 case 0: case 2: default:   /* note : default is impossible, since lhlCode into [0..3] */
@@ -185,27 +245,41 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                     break;
                 case 3:
                     lhSize = 3;
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize<3, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 2; here we need lhSize = 3");
                     litSize = MEM_readLE24(istart) >> 4;
                     break;
                 }
 
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > 0 && dst == NULL, dstSize_tooSmall, "NULL not handled");
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(expectedWriteSize < litSize, dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+                ZSTD_allocateLiteralsBuffer(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, litSize, streaming, expectedWriteSize, 1);
                 if (lhSize+litSize+WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH > srcSize) {  /* risk reading beyond src buffer with wildcopy */
-                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize+lhSize > srcSize, corruption_detected);
-                    memcpy(dctx->litBuffer, istart+lhSize, litSize);
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize+lhSize > srcSize, corruption_detected, "");
+                    if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)
+                    {
+                        ZSTD_memcpy(dctx->litBuffer, istart + lhSize, litSize - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                        ZSTD_memcpy(dctx->litExtraBuffer, istart + lhSize + litSize - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE, ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        ZSTD_memcpy(dctx->litBuffer, istart + lhSize, litSize);
+                    }
                     dctx->litPtr = dctx->litBuffer;
                     dctx->litSize = litSize;
-                    memset(dctx->litBuffer + dctx->litSize, 0, WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH);
                     return lhSize+litSize;
                 }
                 /* direct reference into compressed stream */
                 dctx->litPtr = istart+lhSize;
                 dctx->litSize = litSize;
+                dctx->litBufferEnd = dctx->litPtr + litSize;
+                dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
                 return lhSize+litSize;
             }
 
         case set_rle:
             {   U32 const lhlCode = ((istart[0]) >> 2) & 3;
                 size_t litSize, lhSize;
+                size_t expectedWriteSize = MIN(ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, dstCapacity);
                 switch(lhlCode)
                 {
                 case 0: case 2: default:   /* note : default is impossible, since lhlCode into [0..3] */
@@ -214,16 +288,28 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                     break;
                 case 1:
                     lhSize = 2;
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize<3, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 2; here we need lhSize+1 = 3");
                     litSize = MEM_readLE16(istart) >> 4;
                     break;
                 case 3:
                     lhSize = 3;
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize<4, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 2; here we need lhSize+1 = 4");
                     litSize = MEM_readLE24(istart) >> 4;
-                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize<4, corruption_detected, "srcSize >= MIN_CBLOCK_SIZE == 3; here we need lhSize+1 = 4");
                     break;
                 }
-                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, corruption_detected);
-                memset(dctx->litBuffer, istart[lhSize], litSize + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH);
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > 0 && dst == NULL, dstSize_tooSmall, "NULL not handled");
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(litSize > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, corruption_detected, "");
+                RETURN_ERROR_IF(expectedWriteSize < litSize, dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+                ZSTD_allocateLiteralsBuffer(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, litSize, streaming, expectedWriteSize, 1);
+                if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)
+                {
+                    ZSTD_memset(dctx->litBuffer, istart[lhSize], litSize - ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                    ZSTD_memset(dctx->litExtraBuffer, istart[lhSize], ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ZSTD_memset(dctx->litBuffer, istart[lhSize], litSize);
+                }
                 dctx->litPtr = dctx->litBuffer;
                 dctx->litSize = litSize;
                 return lhSize+1;
@@ -236,7 +322,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 
 /* Default FSE distribution tables.
  * These are pre-calculated FSE decoding tables using default distributions as defined in specification :
- * https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/master/doc/zstd_compression_format.md#default-distributions
+ * https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/release/doc/zstd_compression_format.md#default-distributions
  * They were generated programmatically with following method :
  * - start from default distributions, present in /lib/common/zstd_internal.h
  * - generate tables normally, using ZSTD_buildFSETable()
@@ -343,7 +429,7 @@ static const ZSTD_seqSymbol ML_defaultDTable[(1<<ML_DEFAULTNORMLOG)+1] = {
 };   /* ML_defaultDTable */
 
 
-static void ZSTD_buildSeqTable_rle(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt, U32 baseValue, U32 nbAddBits)
+static void ZSTD_buildSeqTable_rle(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt, U32 baseValue, U8 nbAddBits)
 {
     void* ptr = dt;
     ZSTD_seqSymbol_header* const DTableH = (ZSTD_seqSymbol_header*)ptr;
@@ -355,7 +441,7 @@ static void ZSTD_buildSeqTable_rle(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt, U32 baseValue, U32 nbAddB
     cell->nbBits = 0;
     cell->nextState = 0;
     assert(nbAddBits < 255);
-    cell->nbAdditionalBits = (BYTE)nbAddBits;
+    cell->nbAdditionalBits = nbAddBits;
     cell->baseValue = baseValue;
 }
 
@@ -364,23 +450,26 @@ static void ZSTD_buildSeqTable_rle(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt, U32 baseValue, U32 nbAddB
  * generate FSE decoding table for one symbol (ll, ml or off)
  * cannot fail if input is valid =>
  * all inputs are presumed validated at this stage */
-void
-ZSTD_buildFSETable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
+FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE
+void ZSTD_buildFSETable_body(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
             const short* normalizedCounter, unsigned maxSymbolValue,
-            const U32* baseValue, const U32* nbAdditionalBits,
-            unsigned tableLog)
+            const U32* baseValue, const U8* nbAdditionalBits,
+            unsigned tableLog, void* wksp, size_t wkspSize)
 {
     ZSTD_seqSymbol* const tableDecode = dt+1;
-    U16 symbolNext[MaxSeq+1];
-
     U32 const maxSV1 = maxSymbolValue + 1;
     U32 const tableSize = 1 << tableLog;
-    U32 highThreshold = tableSize-1;
+
+    U16* symbolNext = (U16*)wksp;
+    BYTE* spread = (BYTE*)(symbolNext + MaxSeq + 1);
+    U32 highThreshold = tableSize - 1;
+
 
     /* Sanity Checks */
     assert(maxSymbolValue <= MaxSeq);
     assert(tableLog <= MaxFSELog);
-
+    assert(wkspSize >= ZSTD_BUILD_FSE_TABLE_WKSP_SIZE);
+    (void)wkspSize;
     /* Init, lay down lowprob symbols */
     {   ZSTD_seqSymbol_header DTableH;
         DTableH.tableLog = tableLog;
@@ -396,34 +485,128 @@ ZSTD_buildFSETable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
                     assert(normalizedCounter[s]>=0);
                     symbolNext[s] = (U16)normalizedCounter[s];
         }   }   }
-        memcpy(dt, &DTableH, sizeof(DTableH));
+        ZSTD_memcpy(dt, &DTableH, sizeof(DTableH));
     }
 
     /* Spread symbols */
-    {   U32 const tableMask = tableSize-1;
+    assert(tableSize <= 512);
+    /* Specialized symbol spreading for the case when there are
+     * no low probability (-1 count) symbols. When compressing
+     * small blocks we avoid low probability symbols to hit this
+     * case, since header decoding speed matters more.
+     */
+    if (highThreshold == tableSize - 1) {
+        size_t const tableMask = tableSize-1;
+        size_t const step = FSE_TABLESTEP(tableSize);
+        /* First lay down the symbols in order.
+         * We use a uint64_t to lay down 8 bytes at a time. This reduces branch
+         * misses since small blocks generally have small table logs, so nearly
+         * all symbols have counts <= 8. We ensure we have 8 bytes at the end of
+         * our buffer to handle the over-write.
+         */
+        {
+            U64 const add = 0x0101010101010101ull;
+            size_t pos = 0;
+            U64 sv = 0;
+            U32 s;
+            for (s=0; s<maxSV1; ++s, sv += add) {
+                int i;
+                int const n = normalizedCounter[s];
+                MEM_write64(spread + pos, sv);
+                for (i = 8; i < n; i += 8) {
+                    MEM_write64(spread + pos + i, sv);
+                }
+                assert(n>=0);
+                pos += (size_t)n;
+            }
+        }
+        /* Now we spread those positions across the table.
+         * The benefit of doing it in two stages is that we avoid the
+         * variable size inner loop, which caused lots of branch misses.
+         * Now we can run through all the positions without any branch misses.
+         * We unroll the loop twice, since that is what empirically worked best.
+         */
+        {
+            size_t position = 0;
+            size_t s;
+            size_t const unroll = 2;
+            assert(tableSize % unroll == 0); /* FSE_MIN_TABLELOG is 5 */
+            for (s = 0; s < (size_t)tableSize; s += unroll) {
+                size_t u;
+                for (u = 0; u < unroll; ++u) {
+                    size_t const uPosition = (position + (u * step)) & tableMask;
+                    tableDecode[uPosition].baseValue = spread[s + u];
+                }
+                position = (position + (unroll * step)) & tableMask;
+            }
+            assert(position == 0);
+        }
+    } else {
+        U32 const tableMask = tableSize-1;
         U32 const step = FSE_TABLESTEP(tableSize);
         U32 s, position = 0;
         for (s=0; s<maxSV1; s++) {
             int i;
-            for (i=0; i<normalizedCounter[s]; i++) {
+            int const n = normalizedCounter[s];
+            for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
                 tableDecode[position].baseValue = s;
                 position = (position + step) & tableMask;
-                while (position > highThreshold) position = (position + step) & tableMask;   /* lowprob area */
+                while (UNLIKELY(position > highThreshold)) position = (position + step) & tableMask;   /* lowprob area */
         }   }
         assert(position == 0); /* position must reach all cells once, otherwise normalizedCounter is incorrect */
     }
 
     /* Build Decoding table */
-    {   U32 u;
+    {
+        U32 u;
         for (u=0; u<tableSize; u++) {
             U32 const symbol = tableDecode[u].baseValue;
             U32 const nextState = symbolNext[symbol]++;
-            tableDecode[u].nbBits = (BYTE) (tableLog - BIT_highbit32(nextState) );
+            tableDecode[u].nbBits = (BYTE) (tableLog - ZSTD_highbit32(nextState) );
             tableDecode[u].nextState = (U16) ( (nextState << tableDecode[u].nbBits) - tableSize);
             assert(nbAdditionalBits[symbol] < 255);
-            tableDecode[u].nbAdditionalBits = (BYTE)nbAdditionalBits[symbol];
+            tableDecode[u].nbAdditionalBits = nbAdditionalBits[symbol];
             tableDecode[u].baseValue = baseValue[symbol];
-    }   }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* Avoids the FORCE_INLINE of the _body() function. */
+static void ZSTD_buildFSETable_body_default(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
+            const short* normalizedCounter, unsigned maxSymbolValue,
+            const U32* baseValue, const U8* nbAdditionalBits,
+            unsigned tableLog, void* wksp, size_t wkspSize)
+{
+    ZSTD_buildFSETable_body(dt, normalizedCounter, maxSymbolValue,
+            baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog, wksp, wkspSize);
+}
+
+#if DYNAMIC_BMI2
+BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE static void ZSTD_buildFSETable_body_bmi2(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
+            const short* normalizedCounter, unsigned maxSymbolValue,
+            const U32* baseValue, const U8* nbAdditionalBits,
+            unsigned tableLog, void* wksp, size_t wkspSize)
+{
+    ZSTD_buildFSETable_body(dt, normalizedCounter, maxSymbolValue,
+            baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog, wksp, wkspSize);
+}
+#endif
+
+void ZSTD_buildFSETable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
+            const short* normalizedCounter, unsigned maxSymbolValue,
+            const U32* baseValue, const U8* nbAdditionalBits,
+            unsigned tableLog, void* wksp, size_t wkspSize, int bmi2)
+{
+#if DYNAMIC_BMI2
+    if (bmi2) {
+        ZSTD_buildFSETable_body_bmi2(dt, normalizedCounter, maxSymbolValue,
+                baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog, wksp, wkspSize);
+        return;
+    }
+#endif
+    (void)bmi2;
+    ZSTD_buildFSETable_body_default(dt, normalizedCounter, maxSymbolValue,
+            baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog, wksp, wkspSize);
 }
 
 
@@ -433,18 +616,19 @@ ZSTD_buildFSETable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt,
 static size_t ZSTD_buildSeqTable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* DTableSpace, const ZSTD_seqSymbol** DTablePtr,
                                  symbolEncodingType_e type, unsigned max, U32 maxLog,
                                  const void* src, size_t srcSize,
-                                 const U32* baseValue, const U32* nbAdditionalBits,
+                                 const U32* baseValue, const U8* nbAdditionalBits,
                                  const ZSTD_seqSymbol* defaultTable, U32 flagRepeatTable,
-                                 int ddictIsCold, int nbSeq)
+                                 int ddictIsCold, int nbSeq, U32* wksp, size_t wkspSize,
+                                 int bmi2)
 {
     switch(type)
     {
     case set_rle :
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(!srcSize, srcSize_wrong);
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF((*(const BYTE*)src) > max, corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(!srcSize, srcSize_wrong, "");
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF((*(const BYTE*)src) > max, corruption_detected, "");
         {   U32 const symbol = *(const BYTE*)src;
             U32 const baseline = baseValue[symbol];
-            U32 const nbBits = nbAdditionalBits[symbol];
+            U8 const nbBits = nbAdditionalBits[symbol];
             ZSTD_buildSeqTable_rle(DTableSpace, baseline, nbBits);
         }
         *DTablePtr = DTableSpace;
@@ -453,7 +637,7 @@ static size_t ZSTD_buildSeqTable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* DTableSpace, const ZSTD_seqSymb
         *DTablePtr = defaultTable;
         return 0;
     case set_repeat:
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(!flagRepeatTable, corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(!flagRepeatTable, corruption_detected, "");
         /* prefetch FSE table if used */
         if (ddictIsCold && (nbSeq > 24 /* heuristic */)) {
             const void* const pStart = *DTablePtr;
@@ -465,9 +649,9 @@ static size_t ZSTD_buildSeqTable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* DTableSpace, const ZSTD_seqSymb
         {   unsigned tableLog;
             S16 norm[MaxSeq+1];
             size_t const headerSize = FSE_readNCount(norm, &max, &tableLog, src, srcSize);
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(FSE_isError(headerSize), corruption_detected);
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(tableLog > maxLog, corruption_detected);
-            ZSTD_buildFSETable(DTableSpace, norm, max, baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog);
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(FSE_isError(headerSize), corruption_detected, "");
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(tableLog > maxLog, corruption_detected, "");
+            ZSTD_buildFSETable(DTableSpace, norm, max, baseValue, nbAdditionalBits, tableLog, wksp, wkspSize, bmi2);
             *DTablePtr = DTableSpace;
             return headerSize;
         }
@@ -480,35 +664,36 @@ static size_t ZSTD_buildSeqTable(ZSTD_seqSymbol* DTableSpace, const ZSTD_seqSymb
 size_t ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, int* nbSeqPtr,
                              const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
-    const BYTE* const istart = (const BYTE* const)src;
+    const BYTE* const istart = (const BYTE*)src;
     const BYTE* const iend = istart + srcSize;
     const BYTE* ip = istart;
     int nbSeq;
     DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders");
 
     /* check */
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < MIN_SEQUENCES_SIZE, srcSize_wrong);
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize < MIN_SEQUENCES_SIZE, srcSize_wrong, "");
 
     /* SeqHead */
     nbSeq = *ip++;
     if (!nbSeq) {
         *nbSeqPtr=0;
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize != 1, srcSize_wrong);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize != 1, srcSize_wrong, "");
         return 1;
     }
     if (nbSeq > 0x7F) {
         if (nbSeq == 0xFF) {
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip+2 > iend, srcSize_wrong);
-            nbSeq = MEM_readLE16(ip) + LONGNBSEQ, ip+=2;
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip+2 > iend, srcSize_wrong, "");
+            nbSeq = MEM_readLE16(ip) + LONGNBSEQ;
+            ip+=2;
         } else {
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip >= iend, srcSize_wrong);
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip >= iend, srcSize_wrong, "");
             nbSeq = ((nbSeq-0x80)<<8) + *ip++;
         }
     }
     *nbSeqPtr = nbSeq;
 
     /* FSE table descriptors */
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip+1 > iend, srcSize_wrong); /* minimum possible size: 1 byte for symbol encoding types */
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(ip+1 > iend, srcSize_wrong, ""); /* minimum possible size: 1 byte for symbol encoding types */
     {   symbolEncodingType_e const LLtype = (symbolEncodingType_e)(*ip >> 6);
         symbolEncodingType_e const OFtype = (symbolEncodingType_e)((*ip >> 4) & 3);
         symbolEncodingType_e const MLtype = (symbolEncodingType_e)((*ip >> 2) & 3);
@@ -520,8 +705,10 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, int* nbSeqPtr,
                                                       ip, iend-ip,
                                                       LL_base, LL_bits,
                                                       LL_defaultDTable, dctx->fseEntropy,
-                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq);
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(llhSize), corruption_detected);
+                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq,
+                                                      dctx->workspace, sizeof(dctx->workspace),
+                                                      ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx));
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(llhSize), corruption_detected, "ZSTD_buildSeqTable failed");
             ip += llhSize;
         }
 
@@ -530,8 +717,10 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, int* nbSeqPtr,
                                                       ip, iend-ip,
                                                       OF_base, OF_bits,
                                                       OF_defaultDTable, dctx->fseEntropy,
-                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq);
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(ofhSize), corruption_detected);
+                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq,
+                                                      dctx->workspace, sizeof(dctx->workspace),
+                                                      ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx));
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(ofhSize), corruption_detected, "ZSTD_buildSeqTable failed");
             ip += ofhSize;
         }
 
@@ -540,8 +729,10 @@ size_t ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, int* nbSeqPtr,
                                                       ip, iend-ip,
                                                       ML_base, ML_bits,
                                                       ML_defaultDTable, dctx->fseEntropy,
-                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq);
-            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(mlhSize), corruption_detected);
+                                                      dctx->ddictIsCold, nbSeq,
+                                                      dctx->workspace, sizeof(dctx->workspace),
+                                                      ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx));
+            RETURN_ERROR_IF(ZSTD_isError(mlhSize), corruption_detected, "ZSTD_buildSeqTable failed");
             ip += mlhSize;
         }
     }
@@ -554,7 +745,6 @@ typedef struct {
     size_t litLength;
     size_t matchLength;
     size_t offset;
-    const BYTE* match;
 } seq_t;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -568,9 +758,6 @@ typedef struct {
     ZSTD_fseState stateOffb;
     ZSTD_fseState stateML;
     size_t prevOffset[ZSTD_REP_NUM];
-    const BYTE* prefixStart;
-    const BYTE* dictEnd;
-    size_t pos;
 } seqState_t;
 
 /*! ZSTD_overlapCopy8() :
@@ -580,7 +767,7 @@ typedef struct {
  *  Precondition: *ip <= *op
  *  Postcondition: *op - *op >= 8
  */
-static void ZSTD_overlapCopy8(BYTE** op, BYTE const** ip, size_t offset) {
+HINT_INLINE void ZSTD_overlapCopy8(BYTE** op, BYTE const** ip, size_t offset) {
     assert(*ip <= *op);
     if (offset < 8) {
         /* close range match, overlap */
@@ -613,7 +800,7 @@ static void ZSTD_overlapCopy8(BYTE** op, BYTE const** ip, size_t offset) {
  *         - ZSTD_overlap_src_before_dst: The src and dst may overlap and may be any distance apart.
  *           The src buffer must be before the dst buffer.
  */
-static void ZSTD_safecopy(BYTE* op, BYTE* const oend_w, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_t length, ZSTD_overlap_e ovtype) {
+static void ZSTD_safecopy(BYTE* op, const BYTE* const oend_w, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_t length, ZSTD_overlap_e ovtype) {
     ptrdiff_t const diff = op - ip;
     BYTE* const oend = op + length;
 
@@ -629,6 +816,7 @@ static void ZSTD_safecopy(BYTE* op, BYTE* const oend_w, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_
         /* Copy 8 bytes and ensure the offset >= 8 when there can be overlap. */
         assert(length >= 8);
         ZSTD_overlapCopy8(&op, &ip, diff);
+        length -= 8;
         assert(op - ip >= 8);
         assert(op <= oend);
     }
@@ -643,12 +831,35 @@ static void ZSTD_safecopy(BYTE* op, BYTE* const oend_w, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_
         assert(oend > oend_w);
         ZSTD_wildcopy(op, ip, oend_w - op, ovtype);
         ip += oend_w - op;
-        op = oend_w;
+        op += oend_w - op;
     }
     /* Handle the leftovers. */
     while (op < oend) *op++ = *ip++;
 }
 
+/* ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc():
+ * This version allows overlap with dst before src, or handles the non-overlap case with dst after src
+ * Kept separate from more common ZSTD_safecopy case to avoid performance impact to the safecopy common case */
+static void ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc(BYTE* op, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_t length) {
+    ptrdiff_t const diff = op - ip;
+    BYTE* const oend = op + length;
+
+    if (length < 8 || diff > -8) {
+        /* Handle short lengths, close overlaps, and dst not before src. */
+        while (op < oend) *op++ = *ip++;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (op <= oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH && diff < -WILDCOPY_VECLEN) {
+        ZSTD_wildcopy(op, ip, oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH - op, ZSTD_no_overlap);
+        ip += oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH - op;
+        op += oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH - op;
+    }
+
+    /* Handle the leftovers. */
+    while (op < oend) *op++ = *ip++;
+}
+
 /* ZSTD_execSequenceEnd():
  * This version handles cases that are near the end of the output buffer. It requires
  * more careful checks to make sure there is no overflow. By separating out these hard
@@ -659,21 +870,21 @@ static void ZSTD_safecopy(BYTE* op, BYTE* const oend_w, BYTE const* ip, ptrdiff_
  */
 FORCE_NOINLINE
 size_t ZSTD_execSequenceEnd(BYTE* op,
-                            BYTE* const oend, seq_t sequence,
-                            const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
-                            const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
+    BYTE* const oend, seq_t sequence,
+    const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
+    const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
 {
     BYTE* const oLitEnd = op + sequence.litLength;
     size_t const sequenceLength = sequence.litLength + sequence.matchLength;
-    BYTE* const oMatchEnd = op + sequenceLength;   /* risk : address space overflow (32-bits) */
     const BYTE* const iLitEnd = *litPtr + sequence.litLength;
     const BYTE* match = oLitEnd - sequence.offset;
     BYTE* const oend_w = oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
 
-    /* bounds checks */
-    assert(oLitEnd < oMatchEnd);
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(oMatchEnd > oend, dstSize_tooSmall, "last match must fit within dstBuffer");
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(iLitEnd > litLimit, corruption_detected, "try to read beyond literal buffer");
+    /* bounds checks : careful of address space overflow in 32-bit mode */
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequenceLength > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "last match must fit within dstBuffer");
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.litLength > (size_t)(litLimit - *litPtr), corruption_detected, "try to read beyond literal buffer");
+    assert(op < op + sequenceLength);
+    assert(oLitEnd < op + sequenceLength);
 
     /* copy literals */
     ZSTD_safecopy(op, oend_w, *litPtr, sequence.litLength, ZSTD_no_overlap);
@@ -683,42 +894,199 @@ size_t ZSTD_execSequenceEnd(BYTE* op,
     /* copy Match */
     if (sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - prefixStart)) {
         /* offset beyond prefix */
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart), corruption_detected);
-        match = dictEnd - (prefixStart-match);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart), corruption_detected, "");
+        match = dictEnd - (prefixStart - match);
         if (match + sequence.matchLength <= dictEnd) {
-            memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
+            ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
             return sequenceLength;
         }
         /* span extDict & currentPrefixSegment */
         {   size_t const length1 = dictEnd - match;
-            memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
-            op = oLitEnd + length1;
-            sequence.matchLength -= length1;
-            match = prefixStart;
-    }   }
+        ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
+        op = oLitEnd + length1;
+        sequence.matchLength -= length1;
+        match = prefixStart;
+        }
+    }
+    ZSTD_safecopy(op, oend_w, match, sequence.matchLength, ZSTD_overlap_src_before_dst);
+    return sequenceLength;
+}
+
+/* ZSTD_execSequenceEndSplitLitBuffer():
+ * This version is intended to be used during instances where the litBuffer is still split.  It is kept separate to avoid performance impact for the good case.
+ */
+FORCE_NOINLINE
+size_t ZSTD_execSequenceEndSplitLitBuffer(BYTE* op,
+    BYTE* const oend, const BYTE* const oend_w, seq_t sequence,
+    const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
+    const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
+{
+    BYTE* const oLitEnd = op + sequence.litLength;
+    size_t const sequenceLength = sequence.litLength + sequence.matchLength;
+    const BYTE* const iLitEnd = *litPtr + sequence.litLength;
+    const BYTE* match = oLitEnd - sequence.offset;
+
+
+    /* bounds checks : careful of address space overflow in 32-bit mode */
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequenceLength > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "last match must fit within dstBuffer");
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.litLength > (size_t)(litLimit - *litPtr), corruption_detected, "try to read beyond literal buffer");
+    assert(op < op + sequenceLength);
+    assert(oLitEnd < op + sequenceLength);
+
+    /* copy literals */
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(op > *litPtr && op < *litPtr + sequence.litLength, dstSize_tooSmall, "output should not catch up to and overwrite literal buffer");
+    ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc(op, *litPtr, sequence.litLength);
+    op = oLitEnd;
+    *litPtr = iLitEnd;
+
+    /* copy Match */
+    if (sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - prefixStart)) {
+        /* offset beyond prefix */
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart), corruption_detected, "");
+        match = dictEnd - (prefixStart - match);
+        if (match + sequence.matchLength <= dictEnd) {
+            ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
+            return sequenceLength;
+        }
+        /* span extDict & currentPrefixSegment */
+        {   size_t const length1 = dictEnd - match;
+        ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
+        op = oLitEnd + length1;
+        sequence.matchLength -= length1;
+        match = prefixStart;
+        }
+    }
     ZSTD_safecopy(op, oend_w, match, sequence.matchLength, ZSTD_overlap_src_before_dst);
     return sequenceLength;
 }
 
 HINT_INLINE
 size_t ZSTD_execSequence(BYTE* op,
-                         BYTE* const oend, seq_t sequence,
-                         const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
-                         const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
+    BYTE* const oend, seq_t sequence,
+    const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
+    const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
 {
     BYTE* const oLitEnd = op + sequence.litLength;
     size_t const sequenceLength = sequence.litLength + sequence.matchLength;
     BYTE* const oMatchEnd = op + sequenceLength;   /* risk : address space overflow (32-bits) */
-    BYTE* const oend_w = oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;
+    BYTE* const oend_w = oend - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH;   /* risk : address space underflow on oend=NULL */
     const BYTE* const iLitEnd = *litPtr + sequence.litLength;
     const BYTE* match = oLitEnd - sequence.offset;
 
-    /* Errors and uncommon cases handled here. */
-    assert(oLitEnd < oMatchEnd);
-    if (iLitEnd > litLimit || oMatchEnd > oend_w)
+    assert(op != NULL /* Precondition */);
+    assert(oend_w < oend /* No underflow */);
+
+#if defined(__aarch64__)
+    /* prefetch sequence starting from match that will be used for copy later */
+    PREFETCH_L1(match);
+#endif
+    /* Handle edge cases in a slow path:
+     *   - Read beyond end of literals
+     *   - Match end is within WILDCOPY_OVERLIMIT of oend
+     *   - 32-bit mode and the match length overflows
+     */
+    if (UNLIKELY(
+        iLitEnd > litLimit ||
+        oMatchEnd > oend_w ||
+        (MEM_32bits() && (size_t)(oend - op) < sequenceLength + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH)))
         return ZSTD_execSequenceEnd(op, oend, sequence, litPtr, litLimit, prefixStart, virtualStart, dictEnd);
 
     /* Assumptions (everything else goes into ZSTD_execSequenceEnd()) */
+    assert(op <= oLitEnd /* No overflow */);
+    assert(oLitEnd < oMatchEnd /* Non-zero match & no overflow */);
+    assert(oMatchEnd <= oend /* No underflow */);
+    assert(iLitEnd <= litLimit /* Literal length is in bounds */);
+    assert(oLitEnd <= oend_w /* Can wildcopy literals */);
+    assert(oMatchEnd <= oend_w /* Can wildcopy matches */);
+
+    /* Copy Literals:
+     * Split out litLength <= 16 since it is nearly always true. +1.6% on gcc-9.
+     * We likely don't need the full 32-byte wildcopy.
+     */
+    assert(WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH >= 16);
+    ZSTD_copy16(op, (*litPtr));
+    if (UNLIKELY(sequence.litLength > 16)) {
+        ZSTD_wildcopy(op + 16, (*litPtr) + 16, sequence.litLength - 16, ZSTD_no_overlap);
+    }
+    op = oLitEnd;
+    *litPtr = iLitEnd;   /* update for next sequence */
+
+    /* Copy Match */
+    if (sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - prefixStart)) {
+        /* offset beyond prefix -> go into extDict */
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(UNLIKELY(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart)), corruption_detected, "");
+        match = dictEnd + (match - prefixStart);
+        if (match + sequence.matchLength <= dictEnd) {
+            ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
+            return sequenceLength;
+        }
+        /* span extDict & currentPrefixSegment */
+        {   size_t const length1 = dictEnd - match;
+        ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
+        op = oLitEnd + length1;
+        sequence.matchLength -= length1;
+        match = prefixStart;
+        }
+    }
+    /* Match within prefix of 1 or more bytes */
+    assert(op <= oMatchEnd);
+    assert(oMatchEnd <= oend_w);
+    assert(match >= prefixStart);
+    assert(sequence.matchLength >= 1);
+
+    /* Nearly all offsets are >= WILDCOPY_VECLEN bytes, which means we can use wildcopy
+     * without overlap checking.
+     */
+    if (LIKELY(sequence.offset >= WILDCOPY_VECLEN)) {
+        /* We bet on a full wildcopy for matches, since we expect matches to be
+         * longer than literals (in general). In silesia, ~10% of matches are longer
+         * than 16 bytes.
+         */
+        ZSTD_wildcopy(op, match, (ptrdiff_t)sequence.matchLength, ZSTD_no_overlap);
+        return sequenceLength;
+    }
+    assert(sequence.offset < WILDCOPY_VECLEN);
+
+    /* Copy 8 bytes and spread the offset to be >= 8. */
+    ZSTD_overlapCopy8(&op, &match, sequence.offset);
+
+    /* If the match length is > 8 bytes, then continue with the wildcopy. */
+    if (sequence.matchLength > 8) {
+        assert(op < oMatchEnd);
+        ZSTD_wildcopy(op, match, (ptrdiff_t)sequence.matchLength - 8, ZSTD_overlap_src_before_dst);
+    }
+    return sequenceLength;
+}
+
+HINT_INLINE
+size_t ZSTD_execSequenceSplitLitBuffer(BYTE* op,
+    BYTE* const oend, const BYTE* const oend_w, seq_t sequence,
+    const BYTE** litPtr, const BYTE* const litLimit,
+    const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const virtualStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
+{
+    BYTE* const oLitEnd = op + sequence.litLength;
+    size_t const sequenceLength = sequence.litLength + sequence.matchLength;
+    BYTE* const oMatchEnd = op + sequenceLength;   /* risk : address space overflow (32-bits) */
+    const BYTE* const iLitEnd = *litPtr + sequence.litLength;
+    const BYTE* match = oLitEnd - sequence.offset;
+
+    assert(op != NULL /* Precondition */);
+    assert(oend_w < oend /* No underflow */);
+    /* Handle edge cases in a slow path:
+     *   - Read beyond end of literals
+     *   - Match end is within WILDCOPY_OVERLIMIT of oend
+     *   - 32-bit mode and the match length overflows
+     */
+    if (UNLIKELY(
+            iLitEnd > litLimit ||
+            oMatchEnd > oend_w ||
+            (MEM_32bits() && (size_t)(oend - op) < sequenceLength + WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH)))
+        return ZSTD_execSequenceEndSplitLitBuffer(op, oend, oend_w, sequence, litPtr, litLimit, prefixStart, virtualStart, dictEnd);
+
+    /* Assumptions (everything else goes into ZSTD_execSequenceEnd()) */
+    assert(op <= oLitEnd /* No overflow */);
+    assert(oLitEnd < oMatchEnd /* Non-zero match & no overflow */);
+    assert(oMatchEnd <= oend /* No underflow */);
     assert(iLitEnd <= litLimit /* Literal length is in bounds */);
     assert(oLitEnd <= oend_w /* Can wildcopy literals */);
     assert(oMatchEnd <= oend_w /* Can wildcopy matches */);
@@ -729,7 +1097,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_execSequence(BYTE* op,
      */
     assert(WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH >= 16);
     ZSTD_copy16(op, (*litPtr));
-    if (sequence.litLength > 16) {
+    if (UNLIKELY(sequence.litLength > 16)) {
         ZSTD_wildcopy(op+16, (*litPtr)+16, sequence.litLength-16, ZSTD_no_overlap);
     }
     op = oLitEnd;
@@ -738,15 +1106,15 @@ size_t ZSTD_execSequence(BYTE* op,
     /* Copy Match */
     if (sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - prefixStart)) {
         /* offset beyond prefix -> go into extDict */
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart), corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(UNLIKELY(sequence.offset > (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart)), corruption_detected, "");
         match = dictEnd + (match - prefixStart);
         if (match + sequence.matchLength <= dictEnd) {
-            memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
+            ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, sequence.matchLength);
             return sequenceLength;
         }
         /* span extDict & currentPrefixSegment */
         {   size_t const length1 = dictEnd - match;
-            memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
+            ZSTD_memmove(oLitEnd, match, length1);
             op = oLitEnd + length1;
             sequence.matchLength -= length1;
             match = prefixStart;
@@ -760,7 +1128,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_execSequence(BYTE* op,
     /* Nearly all offsets are >= WILDCOPY_VECLEN bytes, which means we can use wildcopy
      * without overlap checking.
      */
-    if (sequence.offset >= WILDCOPY_VECLEN) {
+    if (LIKELY(sequence.offset >= WILDCOPY_VECLEN)) {
         /* We bet on a full wildcopy for matches, since we expect matches to be
          * longer than literals (in general). In silesia, ~10% of matches are longer
          * than 16 bytes.
@@ -781,6 +1149,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_execSequence(BYTE* op,
     return sequenceLength;
 }
 
+
 static void
 ZSTD_initFseState(ZSTD_fseState* DStatePtr, BIT_DStream_t* bitD, const ZSTD_seqSymbol* dt)
 {
@@ -794,16 +1163,14 @@ ZSTD_initFseState(ZSTD_fseState* DStatePtr, BIT_DStream_t* bitD, const ZSTD_seqS
 }
 
 FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE void
-ZSTD_updateFseState(ZSTD_fseState* DStatePtr, BIT_DStream_t* bitD)
+ZSTD_updateFseStateWithDInfo(ZSTD_fseState* DStatePtr, BIT_DStream_t* bitD, U16 nextState, U32 nbBits)
 {
-    ZSTD_seqSymbol const DInfo = DStatePtr->table[DStatePtr->state];
-    U32 const nbBits = DInfo.nbBits;
     size_t const lowBits = BIT_readBits(bitD, nbBits);
-    DStatePtr->state = DInfo.nextState + lowBits;
+    DStatePtr->state = nextState + lowBits;
 }
 
 /* We need to add at most (ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX_32 - 1) bits to read the maximum
- * offset bits. But we can only read at most (STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32 - 1)
+ * offset bits. But we can only read at most STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32
  * bits before reloading. This value is the maximum number of bytes we read
  * after reloading when we are decoding long offsets.
  */
@@ -814,102 +1181,191 @@ ZSTD_updateFseState(ZSTD_fseState* DStatePtr, BIT_DStream_t* bitD)
 
 typedef enum { ZSTD_lo_isRegularOffset, ZSTD_lo_isLongOffset=1 } ZSTD_longOffset_e;
 
-#ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG
 FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE seq_t
 ZSTD_decodeSequence(seqState_t* seqState, const ZSTD_longOffset_e longOffsets)
 {
     seq_t seq;
-    U32 const llBits = seqState->stateLL.table[seqState->stateLL.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const mlBits = seqState->stateML.table[seqState->stateML.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const ofBits = seqState->stateOffb.table[seqState->stateOffb.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const totalBits = llBits+mlBits+ofBits;
-    U32 const llBase = seqState->stateLL.table[seqState->stateLL.state].baseValue;
-    U32 const mlBase = seqState->stateML.table[seqState->stateML.state].baseValue;
-    U32 const ofBase = seqState->stateOffb.table[seqState->stateOffb.state].baseValue;
-
-    /* sequence */
-    {   size_t offset;
-        if (!ofBits)
-            offset = 0;
-        else {
-            ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(ZSTD_lo_isLongOffset == 1);
-            ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32 == 5);
-            assert(ofBits <= MaxOff);
-            if (MEM_32bits() && longOffsets && (ofBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32)) {
-                U32 const extraBits = ofBits - MIN(ofBits, 32 - seqState->DStream.bitsConsumed);
-                offset = ofBase + (BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits - extraBits) << extraBits);
-                BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-                if (extraBits) offset += BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, extraBits);
-                assert(extraBits <= LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32);   /* to avoid another reload */
-            } else {
-                offset = ofBase + BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits/*>0*/);   /* <=  (ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX-1) bits */
-                if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-            }
-        }
+    /*
+     * ZSTD_seqSymbol is a structure with a total of 64 bits wide. So it can be
+     * loaded in one operation and extracted its fields by simply shifting or
+     * bit-extracting on aarch64.
+     * GCC doesn't recognize this and generates more unnecessary ldr/ldrb/ldrh
+     * operations that cause performance drop. This can be avoided by using this
+     * ZSTD_memcpy hack.
+     */
+#if defined(__aarch64__) && (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__))
+    ZSTD_seqSymbol llDInfoS, mlDInfoS, ofDInfoS;
+    ZSTD_seqSymbol* const llDInfo = &llDInfoS;
+    ZSTD_seqSymbol* const mlDInfo = &mlDInfoS;
+    ZSTD_seqSymbol* const ofDInfo = &ofDInfoS;
+    ZSTD_memcpy(llDInfo, seqState->stateLL.table + seqState->stateLL.state, sizeof(ZSTD_seqSymbol));
+    ZSTD_memcpy(mlDInfo, seqState->stateML.table + seqState->stateML.state, sizeof(ZSTD_seqSymbol));
+    ZSTD_memcpy(ofDInfo, seqState->stateOffb.table + seqState->stateOffb.state, sizeof(ZSTD_seqSymbol));
+#else
+    const ZSTD_seqSymbol* const llDInfo = seqState->stateLL.table + seqState->stateLL.state;
+    const ZSTD_seqSymbol* const mlDInfo = seqState->stateML.table + seqState->stateML.state;
+    const ZSTD_seqSymbol* const ofDInfo = seqState->stateOffb.table + seqState->stateOffb.state;
+#endif
+    seq.matchLength = mlDInfo->baseValue;
+    seq.litLength = llDInfo->baseValue;
+    {   U32 const ofBase = ofDInfo->baseValue;
+        BYTE const llBits = llDInfo->nbAdditionalBits;
+        BYTE const mlBits = mlDInfo->nbAdditionalBits;
+        BYTE const ofBits = ofDInfo->nbAdditionalBits;
+        BYTE const totalBits = llBits+mlBits+ofBits;
+
+        U16 const llNext = llDInfo->nextState;
+        U16 const mlNext = mlDInfo->nextState;
+        U16 const ofNext = ofDInfo->nextState;
+        U32 const llnbBits = llDInfo->nbBits;
+        U32 const mlnbBits = mlDInfo->nbBits;
+        U32 const ofnbBits = ofDInfo->nbBits;
+
+        assert(llBits <= MaxLLBits);
+        assert(mlBits <= MaxMLBits);
+        assert(ofBits <= MaxOff);
+        /*
+         * As gcc has better branch and block analyzers, sometimes it is only
+         * valuable to mark likeliness for clang, it gives around 3-4% of
+         * performance.
+         */
 
-        if (ofBits <= 1) {
-            offset += (llBase==0);
-            if (offset) {
-                size_t temp = (offset==3) ? seqState->prevOffset[0] - 1 : seqState->prevOffset[offset];
-                temp += !temp;   /* 0 is not valid; input is corrupted; force offset to 1 */
-                if (offset != 1) seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
+        /* sequence */
+        {   size_t offset;
+            if (ofBits > 1) {
+                ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(ZSTD_lo_isLongOffset == 1);
+                ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32 == 5);
+                ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32 > LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32);
+                ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32 - LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32 >= MaxMLBits);
+                if (MEM_32bits() && longOffsets && (ofBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32)) {
+                    /* Always read extra bits, this keeps the logic simple,
+                     * avoids branches, and avoids accidentally reading 0 bits.
+                     */
+                    U32 const extraBits = LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32;
+                    offset = ofBase + (BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits - extraBits) << extraBits);
+                    BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
+                    offset += BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, extraBits);
+                } else {
+                    offset = ofBase + BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits/*>0*/);   /* <=  (ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX-1) bits */
+                    if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
+                }
+                seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
                 seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-                seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset = temp;
-            } else {  /* offset == 0 */
-                offset = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-            }
-        } else {
-            seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
-            seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-            seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset;
+                seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset;
+            } else {
+                U32 const ll0 = (llDInfo->baseValue == 0);
+                if (LIKELY((ofBits == 0))) {
+                    offset = seqState->prevOffset[ll0];
+                    seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[!ll0];
+                    seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset;
+                } else {
+                    offset = ofBase + ll0 + BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, 1);
+                    {   size_t temp = (offset==3) ? seqState->prevOffset[0] - 1 : seqState->prevOffset[offset];
+                        temp += !temp;   /* 0 is not valid; input is corrupted; force offset to 1 */
+                        if (offset != 1) seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
+                        seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[0];
+                        seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset = temp;
+            }   }   }
+            seq.offset = offset;
         }
-        seq.offset = offset;
-    }
 
-    seq.matchLength = mlBase
-                    + ((mlBits>0) ? BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, mlBits/*>0*/) : 0);  /* <=  16 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits() && (mlBits+llBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32-LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32))
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-    if (MEM_64bits() && (totalBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64-(LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog)))
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-    /* Ensure there are enough bits to read the rest of data in 64-bit mode. */
-    ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(16+LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog < STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64);
-
-    seq.litLength = llBase
-                  + ((llBits>0) ? BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, llBits/*>0*/) : 0);    /* <=  16 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits())
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-
-    DEBUGLOG(6, "seq: litL=%u, matchL=%u, offset=%u",
-                (U32)seq.litLength, (U32)seq.matchLength, (U32)seq.offset);
-
-    /* ANS state update */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateLL, &seqState->DStream);    /* <=  9 bits */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateML, &seqState->DStream);    /* <=  9 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);    /* <= 18 bits */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateOffb, &seqState->DStream);  /* <=  8 bits */
+        if (mlBits > 0)
+            seq.matchLength += BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, mlBits/*>0*/);
+
+        if (MEM_32bits() && (mlBits+llBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32-LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32))
+            BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
+        if (MEM_64bits() && UNLIKELY(totalBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64-(LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog)))
+            BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
+        /* Ensure there are enough bits to read the rest of data in 64-bit mode. */
+        ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(16+LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog < STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64);
+
+        if (llBits > 0)
+            seq.litLength += BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, llBits/*>0*/);
+
+        if (MEM_32bits())
+            BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
+
+        DEBUGLOG(6, "seq: litL=%u, matchL=%u, offset=%u",
+                    (U32)seq.litLength, (U32)seq.matchLength, (U32)seq.offset);
+
+        ZSTD_updateFseStateWithDInfo(&seqState->stateLL, &seqState->DStream, llNext, llnbBits);    /* <=  9 bits */
+        ZSTD_updateFseStateWithDInfo(&seqState->stateML, &seqState->DStream, mlNext, mlnbBits);    /* <=  9 bits */
+        if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);    /* <= 18 bits */
+        ZSTD_updateFseStateWithDInfo(&seqState->stateOffb, &seqState->DStream, ofNext, ofnbBits);  /* <=  8 bits */
+    }
 
     return seq;
 }
 
+#ifdef FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION
+MEM_STATIC int ZSTD_dictionaryIsActive(ZSTD_DCtx const* dctx, BYTE const* prefixStart, BYTE const* oLitEnd)
+{
+    size_t const windowSize = dctx->fParams.windowSize;
+    /* No dictionary used. */
+    if (dctx->dictContentEndForFuzzing == NULL) return 0;
+    /* Dictionary is our prefix. */
+    if (prefixStart == dctx->dictContentBeginForFuzzing) return 1;
+    /* Dictionary is not our ext-dict. */
+    if (dctx->dictEnd != dctx->dictContentEndForFuzzing) return 0;
+    /* Dictionary is not within our window size. */
+    if ((size_t)(oLitEnd - prefixStart) >= windowSize) return 0;
+    /* Dictionary is active. */
+    return 1;
+}
+
+MEM_STATIC void ZSTD_assertValidSequence(
+        ZSTD_DCtx const* dctx,
+        BYTE const* op, BYTE const* oend,
+        seq_t const seq,
+        BYTE const* prefixStart, BYTE const* virtualStart)
+{
+#if DEBUGLEVEL >= 1
+    size_t const windowSize = dctx->fParams.windowSize;
+    size_t const sequenceSize = seq.litLength + seq.matchLength;
+    BYTE const* const oLitEnd = op + seq.litLength;
+    DEBUGLOG(6, "Checking sequence: litL=%u matchL=%u offset=%u",
+            (U32)seq.litLength, (U32)seq.matchLength, (U32)seq.offset);
+    assert(op <= oend);
+    assert((size_t)(oend - op) >= sequenceSize);
+    assert(sequenceSize <= ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX);
+    if (ZSTD_dictionaryIsActive(dctx, prefixStart, oLitEnd)) {
+        size_t const dictSize = (size_t)((char const*)dctx->dictContentEndForFuzzing - (char const*)dctx->dictContentBeginForFuzzing);
+        /* Offset must be within the dictionary. */
+        assert(seq.offset <= (size_t)(oLitEnd - virtualStart));
+        assert(seq.offset <= windowSize + dictSize);
+    } else {
+        /* Offset must be within our window. */
+        assert(seq.offset <= windowSize);
+    }
+#else
+    (void)dctx, (void)op, (void)oend, (void)seq, (void)prefixStart, (void)virtualStart;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG
+
+
 FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE size_t
 DONT_VECTORIZE
-ZSTD_decompressSequences_body( ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer( ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                          const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                         const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                         const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                         const int frame)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)seqStart;
     const BYTE* const iend = ip + seqSize;
-    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE* const)dst;
+    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE*)dst;
     BYTE* const oend = ostart + maxDstSize;
     BYTE* op = ostart;
     const BYTE* litPtr = dctx->litPtr;
-    const BYTE* const litEnd = litPtr + dctx->litSize;
+    const BYTE* litBufferEnd = dctx->litBufferEnd;
     const BYTE* const prefixStart = (const BYTE*) (dctx->prefixStart);
     const BYTE* const vBase = (const BYTE*) (dctx->virtualStart);
     const BYTE* const dictEnd = (const BYTE*) (dctx->dictEnd);
-    DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences_body");
+    DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer");
+    (void)frame;
 
     /* Regen sequences */
     if (nbSeq) {
@@ -918,38 +1374,279 @@ ZSTD_decompressSequences_body( ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
         { U32 i; for (i=0; i<ZSTD_REP_NUM; i++) seqState.prevOffset[i] = dctx->entropy.rep[i]; }
         RETURN_ERROR_IF(
             ERR_isError(BIT_initDStream(&seqState.DStream, ip, iend-ip)),
-            corruption_detected);
+            corruption_detected, "");
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateLL, &seqState.DStream, dctx->LLTptr);
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateOffb, &seqState.DStream, dctx->OFTptr);
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateML, &seqState.DStream, dctx->MLTptr);
+        assert(dst != NULL);
 
         ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(
                 BIT_DStream_unfinished < BIT_DStream_completed &&
                 BIT_DStream_endOfBuffer < BIT_DStream_completed &&
                 BIT_DStream_completed < BIT_DStream_overflow);
 
-        for ( ; (BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream)) <= BIT_DStream_completed) && nbSeq ; ) {
-            nbSeq--;
-            {   seq_t const sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
-                size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequence, &litPtr, litEnd, prefixStart, vBase, dictEnd);
+        /* decompress without overrunning litPtr begins */
+        {
+            seq_t sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+            /* Align the decompression loop to 32 + 16 bytes.
+                *
+                * zstd compiled with gcc-9 on an Intel i9-9900k shows 10% decompression
+                * speed swings based on the alignment of the decompression loop. This
+                * performance swing is caused by parts of the decompression loop falling
+                * out of the DSB. The entire decompression loop should fit in the DSB,
+                * when it can't we get much worse performance. You can measure if you've
+                * hit the good case or the bad case with this perf command for some
+                * compressed file test.zst:
+                *
+                *   perf stat -e cycles -e instructions -e idq.all_dsb_cycles_any_uops \
+                *             -e idq.all_mite_cycles_any_uops -- ./zstd -tq test.zst
+                *
+                * If you see most cycles served out of the MITE you've hit the bad case.
+                * If you see most cycles served out of the DSB you've hit the good case.
+                * If it is pretty even then you may be in an okay case.
+                *
+                * This issue has been reproduced on the following CPUs:
+                *   - Kabylake: Macbook Pro (15-inch, 2019) 2.4 GHz Intel Core i9
+                *               Use Instruments->Counters to get DSB/MITE cycles.
+                *               I never got performance swings, but I was able to
+                *               go from the good case of mostly DSB to half of the
+                *               cycles served from MITE.
+                *   - Coffeelake: Intel i9-9900k
+                *   - Coffeelake: Intel i7-9700k
+                *
+                * I haven't been able to reproduce the instability or DSB misses on any
+                * of the following CPUS:
+                *   - Haswell
+                *   - Broadwell: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GH
+                *   - Skylake
+                *
+                * Alignment is done for each of the three major decompression loops:
+                *   - ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer - presplit section of the literal buffer
+                *   - ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer - postsplit section of the literal buffer
+                *   - ZSTD_decompressSequences_body
+                * Alignment choices are made to minimize large swings on bad cases and influence on performance
+                * from changes external to this code, rather than to overoptimize on the current commit.
+                *
+                * If you are seeing performance stability this script can help test.
+                * It tests on 4 commits in zstd where I saw performance change.
+                *
+                *   https://gist.github.com/terrelln/9889fc06a423fd5ca6e99351564473f4
+                */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__x86_64__)
+            __asm__(".p2align 6");
+#  if __GNUC__ >= 7
+	    /* good for gcc-7, gcc-9, and gcc-11 */
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 5");
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 4");
+#    if __GNUC__ == 8 || __GNUC__ == 10
+	    /* good for gcc-8 and gcc-10 */
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+            /* Handle the initial state where litBuffer is currently split between dst and litExtraBuffer */
+            for (; litPtr + sequence.litLength <= dctx->litBufferEnd; ) {
+                size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequenceSplitLitBuffer(op, oend, litPtr + sequence.litLength - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH, sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, vBase, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequence, prefixStart, vBase);
+#endif
+                if (UNLIKELY(ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)))
+                    return oneSeqSize;
                 DEBUGLOG(6, "regenerated sequence size : %u", (U32)oneSeqSize);
-                if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
                 op += oneSeqSize;
-        }   }
+                if (UNLIKELY(!--nbSeq))
+                    break;
+                BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream));
+                sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+            }
+
+            /* If there are more sequences, they will need to read literals from litExtraBuffer; copy over the remainder from dst and update litPtr and litEnd */
+            if (nbSeq > 0) {
+                const size_t leftoverLit = dctx->litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+                if (leftoverLit)
+                {
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(leftoverLit > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "remaining lit must fit within dstBuffer");
+                    ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc(op, litPtr, leftoverLit);
+                    sequence.litLength -= leftoverLit;
+                    op += leftoverLit;
+                }
+                litPtr = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+                litBufferEnd = dctx->litExtraBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+                dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
+                {
+                    size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, vBase, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                    assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                    if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequence, prefixStart, vBase);
+#endif
+                    if (UNLIKELY(ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)))
+                        return oneSeqSize;
+                    DEBUGLOG(6, "regenerated sequence size : %u", (U32)oneSeqSize);
+                    op += oneSeqSize;
+                    if (--nbSeq)
+                        BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (nbSeq > 0) /* there is remaining lit from extra buffer */
+        {
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__x86_64__)
+            __asm__(".p2align 6");
+            __asm__("nop");
+#  if __GNUC__ != 7
+            /* worse for gcc-7 better for gcc-8, gcc-9, and gcc-10 and clang */
+            __asm__(".p2align 4");
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#  elif __GNUC__ >= 11
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#  else
+            __asm__(".p2align 5");
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+            for (; ; ) {
+                seq_t const sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+                size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, vBase, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequence, prefixStart, vBase);
+#endif
+                if (UNLIKELY(ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)))
+                    return oneSeqSize;
+                DEBUGLOG(6, "regenerated sequence size : %u", (U32)oneSeqSize);
+                op += oneSeqSize;
+                if (UNLIKELY(!--nbSeq))
+                    break;
+                BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* check if reached exact end */
+        DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer: after decode loop, remaining nbSeq : %i", nbSeq);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(nbSeq, corruption_detected, "");
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState.DStream) < BIT_DStream_completed, corruption_detected, "");
+        /* save reps for next block */
+        { U32 i; for (i=0; i<ZSTD_REP_NUM; i++) dctx->entropy.rep[i] = (U32)(seqState.prevOffset[i]); }
+    }
+
+    /* last literal segment */
+    if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)  /* split hasn't been reached yet, first get dst then copy litExtraBuffer */
+    {
+        size_t const lastLLSize = litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+        if (op != NULL) {
+            ZSTD_memmove(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
+            op += lastLLSize;
+        }
+        litPtr = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+        litBufferEnd = dctx->litExtraBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+        dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
+    }
+    {   size_t const lastLLSize = litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+        if (op != NULL) {
+            ZSTD_memcpy(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
+            op += lastLLSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return op-ostart;
+}
+
+FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE size_t
+DONT_VECTORIZE
+ZSTD_decompressSequences_body(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+    void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
+    const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
+    const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+    const int frame)
+{
+    const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)seqStart;
+    const BYTE* const iend = ip + seqSize;
+    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE*)dst;
+    BYTE* const oend = dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_not_in_dst ? ostart + maxDstSize : dctx->litBuffer;
+    BYTE* op = ostart;
+    const BYTE* litPtr = dctx->litPtr;
+    const BYTE* const litEnd = litPtr + dctx->litSize;
+    const BYTE* const prefixStart = (const BYTE*)(dctx->prefixStart);
+    const BYTE* const vBase = (const BYTE*)(dctx->virtualStart);
+    const BYTE* const dictEnd = (const BYTE*)(dctx->dictEnd);
+    DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences_body: nbSeq = %d", nbSeq);
+    (void)frame;
+
+    /* Regen sequences */
+    if (nbSeq) {
+        seqState_t seqState;
+        dctx->fseEntropy = 1;
+        { U32 i; for (i = 0; i < ZSTD_REP_NUM; i++) seqState.prevOffset[i] = dctx->entropy.rep[i]; }
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(
+            ERR_isError(BIT_initDStream(&seqState.DStream, ip, iend - ip)),
+            corruption_detected, "");
+        ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateLL, &seqState.DStream, dctx->LLTptr);
+        ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateOffb, &seqState.DStream, dctx->OFTptr);
+        ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateML, &seqState.DStream, dctx->MLTptr);
+        assert(dst != NULL);
+
+        ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(
+            BIT_DStream_unfinished < BIT_DStream_completed &&
+            BIT_DStream_endOfBuffer < BIT_DStream_completed &&
+            BIT_DStream_completed < BIT_DStream_overflow);
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__x86_64__)
+            __asm__(".p2align 6");
+            __asm__("nop");
+#  if __GNUC__ >= 7
+            __asm__(".p2align 5");
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#  else
+            __asm__(".p2align 4");
+            __asm__("nop");
+            __asm__(".p2align 3");
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+        for ( ; ; ) {
+            seq_t const sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+            size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequence, &litPtr, litEnd, prefixStart, vBase, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+            assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+            if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequence, prefixStart, vBase);
+#endif
+            if (UNLIKELY(ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)))
+                return oneSeqSize;
+            DEBUGLOG(6, "regenerated sequence size : %u", (U32)oneSeqSize);
+            op += oneSeqSize;
+            if (UNLIKELY(!--nbSeq))
+                break;
+            BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream));
+        }
 
         /* check if reached exact end */
         DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences_body: after decode loop, remaining nbSeq : %i", nbSeq);
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(nbSeq, corruption_detected);
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState.DStream) < BIT_DStream_completed, corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(nbSeq, corruption_detected, "");
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState.DStream) < BIT_DStream_completed, corruption_detected, "");
         /* save reps for next block */
         { U32 i; for (i=0; i<ZSTD_REP_NUM; i++) dctx->entropy.rep[i] = (U32)(seqState.prevOffset[i]); }
     }
 
     /* last literal segment */
     {   size_t const lastLLSize = litEnd - litPtr;
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall);
-        memcpy(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
-        op += lastLLSize;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+        if (op != NULL) {
+            ZSTD_memcpy(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
+            op += lastLLSize;
+        }
     }
 
     return op-ostart;
@@ -959,157 +1656,180 @@ static size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequences_default(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                  void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                            const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                           const int frame)
 {
-    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
-#endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG */
 
-
-
-#ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT
-FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE seq_t
-ZSTD_decodeSequenceLong(seqState_t* seqState, ZSTD_longOffset_e const longOffsets)
+static size_t
+ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer_default(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+                                               void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
+                                         const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
+                                         const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                                         const int frame)
 {
-    seq_t seq;
-    U32 const llBits = seqState->stateLL.table[seqState->stateLL.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const mlBits = seqState->stateML.table[seqState->stateML.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const ofBits = seqState->stateOffb.table[seqState->stateOffb.state].nbAdditionalBits;
-    U32 const totalBits = llBits+mlBits+ofBits;
-    U32 const llBase = seqState->stateLL.table[seqState->stateLL.state].baseValue;
-    U32 const mlBase = seqState->stateML.table[seqState->stateML.state].baseValue;
-    U32 const ofBase = seqState->stateOffb.table[seqState->stateOffb.state].baseValue;
-
-    /* sequence */
-    {   size_t offset;
-        if (!ofBits)
-            offset = 0;
-        else {
-            ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(ZSTD_lo_isLongOffset == 1);
-            ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32 == 5);
-            assert(ofBits <= MaxOff);
-            if (MEM_32bits() && longOffsets) {
-                U32 const extraBits = ofBits - MIN(ofBits, STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32-1);
-                offset = ofBase + (BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits - extraBits) << extraBits);
-                if (MEM_32bits() || extraBits) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-                if (extraBits) offset += BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, extraBits);
-            } else {
-                offset = ofBase + BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, ofBits);   /* <=  (ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX-1) bits */
-                if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-            }
-        }
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
+}
+#endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG */
 
-        if (ofBits <= 1) {
-            offset += (llBase==0);
-            if (offset) {
-                size_t temp = (offset==3) ? seqState->prevOffset[0] - 1 : seqState->prevOffset[offset];
-                temp += !temp;   /* 0 is not valid; input is corrupted; force offset to 1 */
-                if (offset != 1) seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
-                seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-                seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset = temp;
-            } else {
-                offset = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-            }
-        } else {
-            seqState->prevOffset[2] = seqState->prevOffset[1];
-            seqState->prevOffset[1] = seqState->prevOffset[0];
-            seqState->prevOffset[0] = offset;
-        }
-        seq.offset = offset;
-    }
+#ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT
 
-    seq.matchLength = mlBase + ((mlBits>0) ? BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, mlBits) : 0);  /* <=  16 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits() && (mlBits+llBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_32-LONG_OFFSETS_MAX_EXTRA_BITS_32))
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-    if (MEM_64bits() && (totalBits >= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64-(LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog)))
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-    /* Verify that there is enough bits to read the rest of the data in 64-bit mode. */
-    ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(16+LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog < STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN_64);
-
-    seq.litLength = llBase + ((llBits>0) ? BIT_readBitsFast(&seqState->DStream, llBits) : 0);    /* <=  16 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits())
-        BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);
-
-    {   size_t const pos = seqState->pos + seq.litLength;
-        const BYTE* const matchBase = (seq.offset > pos) ? seqState->dictEnd : seqState->prefixStart;
-        seq.match = matchBase + pos - seq.offset;  /* note : this operation can overflow when seq.offset is really too large, which can only happen when input is corrupted.
-                                                    * No consequence though : no memory access will occur, overly large offset will be detected in ZSTD_execSequenceLong() */
-        seqState->pos = pos + seq.matchLength;
+FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE size_t
+ZSTD_prefetchMatch(size_t prefetchPos, seq_t const sequence,
+                   const BYTE* const prefixStart, const BYTE* const dictEnd)
+{
+    prefetchPos += sequence.litLength;
+    {   const BYTE* const matchBase = (sequence.offset > prefetchPos) ? dictEnd : prefixStart;
+        const BYTE* const match = matchBase + prefetchPos - sequence.offset; /* note : this operation can overflow when seq.offset is really too large, which can only happen when input is corrupted.
+                                                                              * No consequence though : memory address is only used for prefetching, not for dereferencing */
+        PREFETCH_L1(match); PREFETCH_L1(match+CACHELINE_SIZE);   /* note : it's safe to invoke PREFETCH() on any memory address, including invalid ones */
     }
-
-    /* ANS state update */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateLL, &seqState->DStream);    /* <=  9 bits */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateML, &seqState->DStream);    /* <=  9 bits */
-    if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState->DStream);    /* <= 18 bits */
-    ZSTD_updateFseState(&seqState->stateOffb, &seqState->DStream);  /* <=  8 bits */
-
-    return seq;
+    return prefetchPos + sequence.matchLength;
 }
 
+/* This decoding function employs prefetching
+ * to reduce latency impact of cache misses.
+ * It's generally employed when block contains a significant portion of long-distance matches
+ * or when coupled with a "cold" dictionary */
 FORCE_INLINE_TEMPLATE size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(
                                ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                          const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                         const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                         const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                         const int frame)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)seqStart;
     const BYTE* const iend = ip + seqSize;
-    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE* const)dst;
-    BYTE* const oend = ostart + maxDstSize;
+    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE*)dst;
+    BYTE* const oend = dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_in_dst ? dctx->litBuffer : ostart + maxDstSize;
     BYTE* op = ostart;
     const BYTE* litPtr = dctx->litPtr;
-    const BYTE* const litEnd = litPtr + dctx->litSize;
+    const BYTE* litBufferEnd = dctx->litBufferEnd;
     const BYTE* const prefixStart = (const BYTE*) (dctx->prefixStart);
     const BYTE* const dictStart = (const BYTE*) (dctx->virtualStart);
     const BYTE* const dictEnd = (const BYTE*) (dctx->dictEnd);
+    (void)frame;
 
     /* Regen sequences */
     if (nbSeq) {
-#define STORED_SEQS 4
+#define STORED_SEQS 8
 #define STORED_SEQS_MASK (STORED_SEQS-1)
-#define ADVANCED_SEQS 4
+#define ADVANCED_SEQS STORED_SEQS
         seq_t sequences[STORED_SEQS];
         int const seqAdvance = MIN(nbSeq, ADVANCED_SEQS);
         seqState_t seqState;
         int seqNb;
+        size_t prefetchPos = (size_t)(op-prefixStart); /* track position relative to prefixStart */
+
         dctx->fseEntropy = 1;
         { int i; for (i=0; i<ZSTD_REP_NUM; i++) seqState.prevOffset[i] = dctx->entropy.rep[i]; }
-        seqState.prefixStart = prefixStart;
-        seqState.pos = (size_t)(op-prefixStart);
-        seqState.dictEnd = dictEnd;
+        assert(dst != NULL);
         assert(iend >= ip);
         RETURN_ERROR_IF(
             ERR_isError(BIT_initDStream(&seqState.DStream, ip, iend-ip)),
-            corruption_detected);
+            corruption_detected, "");
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateLL, &seqState.DStream, dctx->LLTptr);
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateOffb, &seqState.DStream, dctx->OFTptr);
         ZSTD_initFseState(&seqState.stateML, &seqState.DStream, dctx->MLTptr);
 
         /* prepare in advance */
         for (seqNb=0; (BIT_reloadDStream(&seqState.DStream) <= BIT_DStream_completed) && (seqNb<seqAdvance); seqNb++) {
-            sequences[seqNb] = ZSTD_decodeSequenceLong(&seqState, isLongOffset);
-            PREFETCH_L1(sequences[seqNb].match); PREFETCH_L1(sequences[seqNb].match + sequences[seqNb].matchLength - 1); /* note : it's safe to invoke PREFETCH() on any memory address, including invalid ones */
+            seq_t const sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+            prefetchPos = ZSTD_prefetchMatch(prefetchPos, sequence, prefixStart, dictEnd);
+            sequences[seqNb] = sequence;
         }
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(seqNb<seqAdvance, corruption_detected);
-
-        /* decode and decompress */
-        for ( ; (BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream)) <= BIT_DStream_completed) && (seqNb<nbSeq) ; seqNb++) {
-            seq_t const sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequenceLong(&seqState, isLongOffset);
-            size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequences[(seqNb-ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], &litPtr, litEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
-            if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
-            PREFETCH_L1(sequence.match); PREFETCH_L1(sequence.match + sequence.matchLength - 1); /* note : it's safe to invoke PREFETCH() on any memory address, including invalid ones */
-            sequences[seqNb & STORED_SEQS_MASK] = sequence;
-            op += oneSeqSize;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(seqNb<seqAdvance, corruption_detected, "");
+
+        /* decompress without stomping litBuffer */
+        for (; (BIT_reloadDStream(&(seqState.DStream)) <= BIT_DStream_completed) && (seqNb < nbSeq); seqNb++) {
+            seq_t sequence = ZSTD_decodeSequence(&seqState, isLongOffset);
+            size_t oneSeqSize;
+
+            if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split && litPtr + sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK].litLength > dctx->litBufferEnd)
+            {
+                /* lit buffer is reaching split point, empty out the first buffer and transition to litExtraBuffer */
+                const size_t leftoverLit = dctx->litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+                if (leftoverLit)
+                {
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(leftoverLit > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "remaining lit must fit within dstBuffer");
+                    ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc(op, litPtr, leftoverLit);
+                    sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK].litLength -= leftoverLit;
+                    op += leftoverLit;
+                }
+                litPtr = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+                litBufferEnd = dctx->litExtraBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+                dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
+                oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], prefixStart, dictStart);
+#endif
+                if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
+
+                prefetchPos = ZSTD_prefetchMatch(prefetchPos, sequence, prefixStart, dictEnd);
+                sequences[seqNb & STORED_SEQS_MASK] = sequence;
+                op += oneSeqSize;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* lit buffer is either wholly contained in first or second split, or not split at all*/
+                oneSeqSize = dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split ?
+                    ZSTD_execSequenceSplitLitBuffer(op, oend, litPtr + sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK].litLength - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH, sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd) :
+                    ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequences[(seqNb - ADVANCED_SEQS) & STORED_SEQS_MASK], prefixStart, dictStart);
+#endif
+                if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
+
+                prefetchPos = ZSTD_prefetchMatch(prefetchPos, sequence, prefixStart, dictEnd);
+                sequences[seqNb & STORED_SEQS_MASK] = sequence;
+                op += oneSeqSize;
+            }
         }
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(seqNb<nbSeq, corruption_detected);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(seqNb<nbSeq, corruption_detected, "");
 
         /* finish queue */
         seqNb -= seqAdvance;
         for ( ; seqNb<nbSeq ; seqNb++) {
-            size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, sequences[seqNb&STORED_SEQS_MASK], &litPtr, litEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
-            if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
-            op += oneSeqSize;
+            seq_t *sequence = &(sequences[seqNb&STORED_SEQS_MASK]);
+            if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split && litPtr + sequence->litLength > dctx->litBufferEnd)
+            {
+                const size_t leftoverLit = dctx->litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+                if (leftoverLit)
+                {
+                    RETURN_ERROR_IF(leftoverLit > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "remaining lit must fit within dstBuffer");
+                    ZSTD_safecopyDstBeforeSrc(op, litPtr, leftoverLit);
+                    sequence->litLength -= leftoverLit;
+                    op += leftoverLit;
+                }
+                litPtr = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+                litBufferEnd = dctx->litExtraBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+                dctx->litBufferLocation = ZSTD_not_in_dst;
+                {
+                    size_t const oneSeqSize = ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, *sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                    assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                    if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequences[seqNb&STORED_SEQS_MASK], prefixStart, dictStart);
+#endif
+                    if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
+                    op += oneSeqSize;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                size_t const oneSeqSize = dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split ?
+                    ZSTD_execSequenceSplitLitBuffer(op, oend, litPtr + sequence->litLength - WILDCOPY_OVERLENGTH, *sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd) :
+                    ZSTD_execSequence(op, oend, *sequence, &litPtr, litBufferEnd, prefixStart, dictStart, dictEnd);
+#if defined(FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION) && defined(FUZZING_ASSERT_VALID_SEQUENCE)
+                assert(!ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize));
+                if (frame) ZSTD_assertValidSequence(dctx, op, oend, sequences[seqNb&STORED_SEQS_MASK], prefixStart, dictStart);
+#endif
+                if (ZSTD_isError(oneSeqSize)) return oneSeqSize;
+                op += oneSeqSize;
+            }
         }
 
         /* save reps for next block */
@@ -1117,10 +1837,23 @@ ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(
     }
 
     /* last literal segment */
-    {   size_t const lastLLSize = litEnd - litPtr;
-        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall);
-        memcpy(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
-        op += lastLLSize;
+    if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)  /* first deplete literal buffer in dst, then copy litExtraBuffer */
+    {
+        size_t const lastLLSize = litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend - op), dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+        if (op != NULL) {
+            ZSTD_memmove(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
+            op += lastLLSize;
+        }
+        litPtr = dctx->litExtraBuffer;
+        litBufferEnd = dctx->litExtraBuffer + ZSTD_LITBUFFEREXTRASIZE;
+    }
+    {   size_t const lastLLSize = litBufferEnd - litPtr;
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(lastLLSize > (size_t)(oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall, "");
+        if (op != NULL) {
+            ZSTD_memmove(op, litPtr, lastLLSize);
+            op += lastLLSize;
+        }
     }
 
     return op-ostart;
@@ -1130,9 +1863,10 @@ static size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_default(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                  void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                            const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                           const int frame)
 {
-    return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
 #endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT */
 
@@ -1141,25 +1875,37 @@ ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_default(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
 
 #ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG
-static TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("bmi2") size_t
+static BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE size_t
 DONT_VECTORIZE
 ZSTD_decompressSequences_bmi2(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                  void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                            const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                           const int frame)
 {
-    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
+}
+static BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE size_t
+DONT_VECTORIZE
+ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer_bmi2(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+                                 void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
+                           const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
+                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                           const int frame)
+{
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_bodySplitLitBuffer(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
 #endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG */
 
 #ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT
-static TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("bmi2") size_t
+static BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_bmi2(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                                  void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                            const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                           const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                           const int frame)
 {
-    return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_body(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
 #endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT */
 
@@ -1169,21 +1915,37 @@ typedef size_t (*ZSTD_decompressSequences_t)(
                             ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                             void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                             const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                            const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset);
+                            const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                            const int frame);
 
 #ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG
 static size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequences(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                    const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                   const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                   const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                   const int frame)
 {
     DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequences");
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
-    if (dctx->bmi2) {
-        return ZSTD_decompressSequences_bmi2(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    if (ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx)) {
+        return ZSTD_decompressSequences_bmi2(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
+    }
+#endif
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequences_default(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
+}
+static size_t
+ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
+                                 const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
+                                 const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                                 const int frame)
+{
+    DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer");
+#if DYNAMIC_BMI2
+    if (ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx)) {
+        return ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer_bmi2(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
     }
 #endif
-  return ZSTD_decompressSequences_default(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    return ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer_default(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
 #endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG */
 
@@ -1198,69 +1960,115 @@ static size_t
 ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                              void* dst, size_t maxDstSize,
                              const void* seqStart, size_t seqSize, int nbSeq,
-                             const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset)
+                             const ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset,
+                             const int frame)
 {
     DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong");
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
-    if (dctx->bmi2) {
-        return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_bmi2(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+    if (ZSTD_DCtx_get_bmi2(dctx)) {
+        return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_bmi2(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
     }
 #endif
-  return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_default(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+  return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong_default(dctx, dst, maxDstSize, seqStart, seqSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 }
 #endif /* ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT */
 
 
+/**
+ * @returns The total size of the history referenceable by zstd, including
+ * both the prefix and the extDict. At @p op any offset larger than this
+ * is invalid.
+ */
+static size_t ZSTD_totalHistorySize(BYTE* op, BYTE const* virtualStart)
+{
+    return (size_t)(op - virtualStart);
+}
 
-#if !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT) && \
-    !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG)
-/* ZSTD_getLongOffsetsShare() :
+typedef struct {
+    unsigned longOffsetShare;
+    unsigned maxNbAdditionalBits;
+} ZSTD_OffsetInfo;
+
+/* ZSTD_getOffsetInfo() :
  * condition : offTable must be valid
  * @return : "share" of long offsets (arbitrarily defined as > (1<<23))
- *           compared to maximum possible of (1<<OffFSELog) */
-static unsigned
-ZSTD_getLongOffsetsShare(const ZSTD_seqSymbol* offTable)
+ *           compared to maximum possible of (1<<OffFSELog),
+ *           as well as the maximum number additional bits required.
+ */
+static ZSTD_OffsetInfo
+ZSTD_getOffsetInfo(const ZSTD_seqSymbol* offTable, int nbSeq)
 {
-    const void* ptr = offTable;
-    U32 const tableLog = ((const ZSTD_seqSymbol_header*)ptr)[0].tableLog;
-    const ZSTD_seqSymbol* table = offTable + 1;
-    U32 const max = 1 << tableLog;
-    U32 u, total = 0;
-    DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_getLongOffsetsShare: (tableLog=%u)", tableLog);
-
-    assert(max <= (1 << OffFSELog));  /* max not too large */
-    for (u=0; u<max; u++) {
-        if (table[u].nbAdditionalBits > 22) total += 1;
-    }
+    ZSTD_OffsetInfo info = {0, 0};
+    /* If nbSeq == 0, then the offTable is uninitialized, but we have
+     * no sequences, so both values should be 0.
+     */
+    if (nbSeq != 0) {
+        const void* ptr = offTable;
+        U32 const tableLog = ((const ZSTD_seqSymbol_header*)ptr)[0].tableLog;
+        const ZSTD_seqSymbol* table = offTable + 1;
+        U32 const max = 1 << tableLog;
+        U32 u;
+        DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_getLongOffsetsShare: (tableLog=%u)", tableLog);
+
+        assert(max <= (1 << OffFSELog));  /* max not too large */
+        for (u=0; u<max; u++) {
+            info.maxNbAdditionalBits = MAX(info.maxNbAdditionalBits, table[u].nbAdditionalBits);
+            if (table[u].nbAdditionalBits > 22) info.longOffsetShare += 1;
+        }
 
-    assert(tableLog <= OffFSELog);
-    total <<= (OffFSELog - tableLog);  /* scale to OffFSELog */
+        assert(tableLog <= OffFSELog);
+        info.longOffsetShare <<= (OffFSELog - tableLog);  /* scale to OffFSELog */
+    }
 
-    return total;
+    return info;
 }
-#endif
 
+/**
+ * @returns The maximum offset we can decode in one read of our bitstream, without
+ * reloading more bits in the middle of the offset bits read. Any offsets larger
+ * than this must use the long offset decoder.
+ */
+static size_t ZSTD_maxShortOffset(void)
+{
+    if (MEM_64bits()) {
+        /* We can decode any offset without reloading bits.
+         * This might change if the max window size grows.
+         */
+        ZSTD_STATIC_ASSERT(ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX <= 31);
+        return (size_t)-1;
+    } else {
+        /* The maximum offBase is (1 << (STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN + 1)) - 1.
+         * This offBase would require STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN extra bits.
+         * Then we have to subtract ZSTD_REP_NUM to get the maximum possible offset.
+         */
+        size_t const maxOffbase = ((size_t)1 << (STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN + 1)) - 1;
+        size_t const maxOffset = maxOffbase - ZSTD_REP_NUM;
+        assert(ZSTD_highbit32((U32)maxOffbase) == STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN);
+        return maxOffset;
+    }
+}
 
 size_t
 ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
                               void* dst, size_t dstCapacity,
-                        const void* src, size_t srcSize, const int frame)
+                        const void* src, size_t srcSize, const int frame, const streaming_operation streaming)
 {   /* blockType == blockCompressed */
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
-    /* isLongOffset must be true if there are long offsets.
-     * Offsets are long if they are larger than 2^STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN.
-     * We don't expect that to be the case in 64-bit mode.
-     * In block mode, window size is not known, so we have to be conservative.
-     * (note: but it could be evaluated from current-lowLimit)
-     */
-    ZSTD_longOffset_e const isLongOffset = (ZSTD_longOffset_e)(MEM_32bits() && (!frame || (dctx->fParams.windowSize > (1ULL << STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN))));
     DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal (size : %u)", (U32)srcSize);
 
-    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize >= ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, srcSize_wrong);
+    /* Note : the wording of the specification
+     * allows compressed block to be sized exactly ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX.
+     * This generally does not happen, as it makes little sense,
+     * since an uncompressed block would feature same size and have no decompression cost.
+     * Also, note that decoder from reference libzstd before < v1.5.4
+     * would consider this edge case as an error.
+     * As a consequence, avoid generating compressed blocks of size ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX
+     * for broader compatibility with the deployed ecosystem of zstd decoders */
+    RETURN_ERROR_IF(srcSize > ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX, srcSize_wrong, "");
 
     /* Decode literals section */
-    {   size_t const litCSize = ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(dctx, src, srcSize);
-        DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock : %u", (U32)litCSize);
+    {   size_t const litCSize = ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock(dctx, src, srcSize, dst, dstCapacity, streaming);
+        DEBUGLOG(5, "ZSTD_decodeLiteralsBlock : cSize=%u, nbLiterals=%zu", (U32)litCSize, dctx->litSize);
         if (ZSTD_isError(litCSize)) return litCSize;
         ip += litCSize;
         srcSize -= litCSize;
@@ -1268,6 +2076,23 @@ ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 
     /* Build Decoding Tables */
     {
+        /* Compute the maximum block size, which must also work when !frame and fParams are unset.
+         * Additionally, take the min with dstCapacity to ensure that the totalHistorySize fits in a size_t.
+         */
+        size_t const blockSizeMax = MIN(dstCapacity, (frame ? dctx->fParams.blockSizeMax : ZSTD_BLOCKSIZE_MAX));
+        size_t const totalHistorySize = ZSTD_totalHistorySize((BYTE*)dst + blockSizeMax, (BYTE const*)dctx->virtualStart);
+        /* isLongOffset must be true if there are long offsets.
+         * Offsets are long if they are larger than ZSTD_maxShortOffset().
+         * We don't expect that to be the case in 64-bit mode.
+         *
+         * We check here to see if our history is large enough to allow long offsets.
+         * If it isn't, then we can't possible have (valid) long offsets. If the offset
+         * is invalid, then it is okay to read it incorrectly.
+         *
+         * If isLongOffsets is true, then we will later check our decoding table to see
+         * if it is even possible to generate long offsets.
+         */
+        ZSTD_longOffset_e isLongOffset = (ZSTD_longOffset_e)(MEM_32bits() && (totalHistorySize > ZSTD_maxShortOffset()));
         /* These macros control at build-time which decompressor implementation
          * we use. If neither is defined, we do some inspection and dispatch at
          * runtime.
@@ -1275,6 +2100,11 @@ ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 #if !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT) && \
     !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG)
         int usePrefetchDecoder = dctx->ddictIsCold;
+#else
+        /* Set to 1 to avoid computing offset info if we don't need to.
+         * Otherwise this value is ignored.
+         */
+        int usePrefetchDecoder = 1;
 #endif
         int nbSeq;
         size_t const seqHSize = ZSTD_decodeSeqHeaders(dctx, &nbSeq, ip, srcSize);
@@ -1282,42 +2112,81 @@ ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
         ip += seqHSize;
         srcSize -= seqHSize;
 
-#if !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT) && \
-    !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG)
-        if ( !usePrefetchDecoder
-          && (!frame || (dctx->fParams.windowSize > (1<<24)))
-          && (nbSeq>ADVANCED_SEQS) ) {  /* could probably use a larger nbSeq limit */
-            U32 const shareLongOffsets = ZSTD_getLongOffsetsShare(dctx->OFTptr);
-            U32 const minShare = MEM_64bits() ? 7 : 20; /* heuristic values, correspond to 2.73% and 7.81% */
-            usePrefetchDecoder = (shareLongOffsets >= minShare);
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF((dst == NULL || dstCapacity == 0) && nbSeq > 0, dstSize_tooSmall, "NULL not handled");
+        RETURN_ERROR_IF(MEM_64bits() && sizeof(size_t) == sizeof(void*) && (size_t)(-1) - (size_t)dst < (size_t)(1 << 20), dstSize_tooSmall,
+                "invalid dst");
+
+        /* If we could potentially have long offsets, or we might want to use the prefetch decoder,
+         * compute information about the share of long offsets, and the maximum nbAdditionalBits.
+         * NOTE: could probably use a larger nbSeq limit
+         */
+        if (isLongOffset || (!usePrefetchDecoder && (totalHistorySize > (1u << 24)) && (nbSeq > 8))) {
+            ZSTD_OffsetInfo const info = ZSTD_getOffsetInfo(dctx->OFTptr, nbSeq);
+            if (isLongOffset && info.maxNbAdditionalBits <= STREAM_ACCUMULATOR_MIN) {
+                /* If isLongOffset, but the maximum number of additional bits that we see in our table is small
+                 * enough, then we know it is impossible to have too long an offset in this block, so we can
+                 * use the regular offset decoder.
+                 */
+                isLongOffset = ZSTD_lo_isRegularOffset;
+            }
+            if (!usePrefetchDecoder) {
+                U32 const minShare = MEM_64bits() ? 7 : 20; /* heuristic values, correspond to 2.73% and 7.81% */
+                usePrefetchDecoder = (info.longOffsetShare >= minShare);
+            }
         }
-#endif
 
         dctx->ddictIsCold = 0;
 
 #if !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT) && \
     !defined(ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG)
-        if (usePrefetchDecoder)
+        if (usePrefetchDecoder) {
+#else
+        (void)usePrefetchDecoder;
+        {
 #endif
 #ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_SHORT
-            return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, ip, srcSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+            return ZSTD_decompressSequencesLong(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, ip, srcSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 #endif
+        }
 
 #ifndef ZSTD_FORCE_DECOMPRESS_SEQUENCES_LONG
         /* else */
-        return ZSTD_decompressSequences(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, ip, srcSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset);
+        if (dctx->litBufferLocation == ZSTD_split)
+            return ZSTD_decompressSequencesSplitLitBuffer(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, ip, srcSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
+        else
+            return ZSTD_decompressSequences(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, ip, srcSize, nbSeq, isLongOffset, frame);
 #endif
     }
 }
 
 
-size_t ZSTD_decompressBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
-                            void* dst, size_t dstCapacity,
-                      const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+void ZSTD_checkContinuity(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, const void* dst, size_t dstSize)
+{
+    if (dst != dctx->previousDstEnd && dstSize > 0) {   /* not contiguous */
+        dctx->dictEnd = dctx->previousDstEnd;
+        dctx->virtualStart = (const char*)dst - ((const char*)(dctx->previousDstEnd) - (const char*)(dctx->prefixStart));
+        dctx->prefixStart = dst;
+        dctx->previousDstEnd = dst;
+    }
+}
+
+
+size_t ZSTD_decompressBlock_deprecated(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+                                       void* dst, size_t dstCapacity,
+                                 const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     size_t dSize;
-    ZSTD_checkContinuity(dctx, dst);
-    dSize = ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, src, srcSize, /* frame */ 0);
+    ZSTD_checkContinuity(dctx, dst, dstCapacity);
+    dSize = ZSTD_decompressBlock_internal(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, src, srcSize, /* frame */ 0, not_streaming);
     dctx->previousDstEnd = (char*)dst + dSize;
     return dSize;
 }
+
+
+/* NOTE: Must just wrap ZSTD_decompressBlock_deprecated() */
+size_t ZSTD_decompressBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
+                            void* dst, size_t dstCapacity,
+                      const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+{
+    return ZSTD_decompressBlock_deprecated(dctx, dst, dstCapacity, src, srcSize);
+}