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-### Development
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.12.1...3-12-maintenance)
-### 3.12.2 / 2023-01-07
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.12.1...v3.12.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Prevent deprecation warning when using the `exist` matcher with `Dir`.
-  (Steve Dierker, #1398)
-### 3.12.1 / 2022-12-16
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.12.0...v3.12.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Pass keyword arguments through to aliased (and thus negated) matchers. (Jon Rowe, #1394)
-* When handling failures in an aggregated_failures block (or example) prevent
-  the failure list leaking out. (Maciek Rząsa, #1392)
-### 3.12.0 / 2022-10-26
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.11.1...v3.12.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Add `an_array_matching` alias for `match_array` to improve readability as an argument
-  matcher. (Mark Schneider, #1361)
-### 3.11.1 / 2022-09-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.11.0...v3.11.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Allow the `contain_exactly` matcher to be reused by resetting its
-  internals on `matches?` (@bclayman-sq, #1326)
-* Using the exist matcher on `FileTest` no longer produces a deprecation warning.
-  (Ryo Nakamura, #1383)
-### 3.11.0 / 2022-02-09
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.10.2...v3.11.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Return `true` from `aggregate_failures` when no exception occurs. (Jon Rowe, #1225)
-Deprecations:
-* Print a deprecation message when using the implicit block expectation syntax.
-  (Phil Pirozhkov, #1139)
-### 3.10.2 / 2022-01-14
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.10.1...v3.10.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix support for dynamic matchers for expectation target checks (Phil Pirozhkov, #1294)
-* Fix `expect(array).to include(hash).times`, previously this would fail due to
-  matching the entire array as a single hash, rather than a member of the hash.
-  (Slava Kardakov, #1322)
-* Ensure `raise_error` matches works with the `error_highlight` option from Ruby 3.1.
-  (Peter Goldstein, #1339)
-### 3.10.1 / 2020-12-27
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.10.0...v3.10.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Allow JRuby 9.2.x.x to generate backtraces normally rather than via our
-  backfill workaround. (#1230, Jon Rowe)
-### 3.10.0 / 2020-10-30
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.9.3...v3.10.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Allow `include` matcher to be chained with `once`, `at_least`, etc. for simple cases.
-  (Marc-André Lafortune, #1168)
-* Add an explicit warning when `nil` is passed to `raise_error`. (Phil Pirozhkov, #1143)
-* Improve `include` matcher's composability. (Phil Pirozhkov, #1155)
-* Mocks expectations can now set a custom failure message.
-  (Benoit Tigeot and Nicolas Zermati, #1156)
-* `aggregate_failures` now shows the backtrace line for each failure. (Fabricio Bedin, #1163)
-* Support multiple combinations of `yield_control` modifiers like `at_least`, `at_most`.
-  (Jon Rowe, #1169)
-* Dynamic `have_<n>` matchers now have output consistent with other dynamic matchers.
-  (Marc-André Lafortune, #1195)
-* New config option `strict_predicate_matchers` allows predicate matcher to be strict
-  (i.e. match for `true` or `false`) instead of the default (match truthy vs `false` or `nil`).
-  (Marc-André Lafortune, #1196)
-### 3.9.4 / 2020-10-29
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.9.3...v3.9.4)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix regression with `be_` and `have_` matchers and arguments implementing `to_hash`
-  were they would act like keywords and be cast to a hash. (Jon Rowe, #1222)
-### 3.9.3 / 2020-10-23
-Bug Fixes:
-* Swap the comparison of the delta vs the expected for the `be_within` matcher allowing
-  more complicated oobjects to be compared providing they provide `abs` and other
-  comparison methods. (Kelly Stannard, #1182)
-* Properly format expected in the description of the `be_within` matcher. (Jon Rowe, #1185)
-* Remove warning when using keyword arguments with `be_` and `have_` matchers on 2.7.x
-  (Jon Rowe, #1187)
-* Prevent formatting a single hash as a list of key value pairs in default failure messages
-  for custom matches (fixes formatting in `EnglishPhrasing#list`). (Robert Eshleman, #1193)
-* Prevent errors from causing false positives when using `be <operator>` comparison, e.g.
-  `expect(1).not_to be < 'a'` will now correctly fail rather than pass. (Jon Rowe, #1208)
-### 3.9.2 / 2020-05-08
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.9.1...v3.9.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Issue a proper `ArgumentError` when invalid arguments are given to `yield_control`
-  modifiers such as `at_least` et al. (Marc-André Lafortune, #1167)
-* Prevent Ruby 2.7 keyword arguments warning from being issued by custom
-  matcher definitions. (Jon Rowe, #1176)
-### 3.9.1 / 2020-03-13
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.9.0...v3.9.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Issue an improved warning when using `respond_to(...).with(n).arguments` and ignore
-  the warning when using with `have_attributes(...)`. (Jon Rowe, #1164)
-### 3.9.0 / 2019-10-08
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.6...v3.9.0)
-Enhancements:
-* The `respond_to` matcher now uses the signature from `initialize` to validate checks
-  for `new` (unless `new` is non standard). (Jon Rowe, #1072)
-* Generated descriptions for matchers now use `is expected to` rather than `should` in
-  line with our preferred DSL. (Pete Johns, #1080, rspec/rspec-core#2572)
-* Add the ability to re-raise expectation errors when matching
-  with `match_when_negated` blocks. (Jon Rowe, #1130)
-* Add a warning when an empty diff is produce due to identical inspect output.
-  (Benoit Tigeot, #1126)
-### 3.8.6 / 2019-10-07
-Bug Fixes:
-* Revert #1125 due to the change being incompatible with our semantic versioning
-  policy.
-### 3.8.5 / 2019-10-02
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.4...v3.8.5)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Prevent unsupported implicit block expectation syntax from being used.
-  (Phil Pirozhkov, #1125)
-### 3.8.4 / 2019-06-10
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.3...v3.8.4)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Prevent false negatives when checking objects for the methods required to run the
-  the `be_an_instance_of` and `be_kind_of` matchers. (Nazar Matus, #1112)
-### 3.8.3 / 2019-04-20
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.2...v3.8.3)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Prevent composed `all` matchers from leaking into their siblings leading to duplicate
-  failures. (Jamie English, #1086)
-* Prevent objects which change their hash on comparison from failing change checks.
-  (Phil Pirozhkov, #1100)
-* Issue an `ArgumentError` rather than a `NoMethodError` when `be_an_instance_of` and
-  `be_kind_of` matchers encounter objects not supporting those methods.
-  (Taichi Ishitani, #1107)
-### 3.8.2 / 2018-10-09
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.1...v3.8.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Change `include` matcher to rely on a `respond_to?(:include?)` check rather than a direct
-  Hash comparison before calling `to_hash` to convert to a hash. (Jordan Owens, #1073)
-* Prevent unexpected call stack jumps from causing an obscure error (`IndexError`), and
-  replace that error with a proper informative message. (Jon Rowe, #1076)
-### 3.8.1 / 2018-08-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.8.0...v3.8.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix regression in `include` matcher so stopped
-  `expect(hash.with_indifferent_access).to include(:symbol_key)`
-  from working. (Eito Katagiri, #1069)
-### 3.8.0 / 2018-08-04
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.7.0...v3.8.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Improve failure message of `change(receiver, :message)` by including the
-  receiver as `SomeClass#some_message`. (Tomohiro Hashidate, #1005)
-* Improve `change` matcher so that it can correctly detect changes in
-  deeply nested mutable objects (such as arrays-of-hashes-of-arrays).
-  The improved logic uses the before/after `hash` value to see if the
-  object has been mutated, rather than shallow duping the object.
-  (Myron Marston, #1034)
-* Improve `include` matcher so that pseudo-hash objects (e.g. objects
-  that decorate a hash using a `SimpleDelegator` or similar) are treated
-  as a hash, as long as they implement `to_hash`. (Pablo Brasero, #1012)
-* Add `max_formatted_output_length=` to configuration, allowing changing
-  the length at which we truncate large output strings.
-  (Sam Phippen #951, Benoit Tigeot #1056)
-* Improve error message when passing a matcher that doesn't support block
-  expectations to a block based `expect`. (@nicktime, #1066)
-### 3.7.0 / 2017-10-17
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.6.0...v3.7.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Improve compatibility with `--enable-frozen-string-literal` option
-  on Ruby 2.3+. (Pat Allan, #997)
-### 3.6.0 / 2017-05-04
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.6.0.beta2...v3.6.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Treat NoMethodError as a failure for comparison matchers. (Jon Rowe, #972)
-* Allow for scoped aliased and negated matchers--just call
-  `alias_matcher` or `define_negated_matcher` from within an example
-  group. (Markus Reiter, #974)
-* Improve failure message of `change` matcher with block and `satisfy` matcher
-  by including the block snippet instead of just describing it as `result` or
-  `block` when Ripper is available. (Yuji Nakayama, #987)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `yield_with_args` and `yield_successive_args` matchers so that
-  they compare expected to actual args at the time the args are yielded
-  instead of at the end, in case the method that is yielding mutates the
-  arguments after yielding. (Alyssa Ross, #965)
-### 3.6.0.beta2 / 2016-12-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.6.0.beta1...v3.6.0.beta2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Using the exist matcher on `File` no longer produces a deprecation warning.
-  (Jon Rowe, #954)
-### 3.6.0.beta1 / 2016-10-09
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.5.0...v3.6.0.beta1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `contain_exactly` to work correctly with ranges. (Myron Marston, #940)
-* Fix `change` to work correctly with sets. (Marcin Gajewski, #939)
-### 3.5.0 / 2016-07-01
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.5.0.beta4...v3.5.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Add support for keyword arguments to the `respond_to` matcher. (Rob Smith, #915).
-### 3.5.0.beta4 / 2016-06-05
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.5.0.beta3...v3.5.0.beta4)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `include` matcher so that it provides a valid diff for hashes. (Yuji Nakayama, #916)
-### 3.5.0.beta3 / 2016-04-02
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.5.0.beta2...v3.5.0.beta3)
-Enhancements:
-* Make `rspec/expectations/minitest_integration` work on Minitest::Spec
-  5.6+. (Myron Marston, #904)
-* Add an alias `having_attributes` for `have_attributes` matcher.
-  (Yuji Nakayama, #905)
-* Improve `change` matcher error message when block is mis-used.
-  (Alex Altair, #908)
-### 3.5.0.beta2 / 2016-03-10
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.5.0.beta1...v3.5.0.beta2)
-Enhancements:
-* Add the ability to raise an error on encountering false positives via
-  `RSpec::Configuration#on_potential_false_positives = :raise`. (Jon Rowe, #900)
-* When using the custom matcher DSL, support new
-  `notify_expectation_failures: true` option for the `match` method to
-  allow expectation failures to be raised as normal instead of being
-  converted into a `false` return value for `matches?`. (Jon Rowe, #892)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Allow `should` deprecation check to work on `BasicObject`s. (James Coleman, #898)
-### 3.5.0.beta1 / 2016-02-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.4.0...v3.5.0.beta1)
-Enhancements:
-* Make `match_when_negated` in custom matcher DSL support use of
-  expectations within the match logic. (Chris Arcand, #789)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Return `true` as expected from passing negated expectations
-  (such as `expect("foo").not_to eq "bar"`), so they work
-  properly when used within a `match` or `match_when_negated`
-  block. (Chris Arcand, #789)
-### 3.4.0 / 2015-11-11
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.3.1...v3.4.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Warn when `RSpec::Matchers` is included in a superclass after it has
-  already been included in a subclass on MRI 1.9, since that situation
-  can cause uses of `super` to trigger infinite recursion. (Myron Marston, #816)
-* Stop rescuing `NoMemoryError`, `SignalExcepetion`, `Interrupt` and
-  `SystemExit`. It is dangerous to interfere with these. (Myron Marston, #845)
-* Add `#with_captures` to the
-  [match matcher](https://www.relishapp.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/docs/built-in-matchers/match-matcher)
-  which allows a user to specify expected captures when matching a regex
-  against a string. (Sam Phippen, #848)
-* Always print compound failure messages in the multi-line form. Trying
-  to print it all on a single line didn't read very well. (Myron Marston, #859)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix failure message from dynamic predicate matchers when the object
-  does not respond to the predicate so that it is inspected rather
-  than relying upon its `to_s` -- that way for `nil`, `"nil"` is
-  printed rather than an empty string. (Myron Marston, #841)
-* Fix SystemStackError raised when diffing an Enumerable object
-  whose `#each` includes the object itself. (Yuji Nakayama, #857)
-### 3.3.1 / 2015-07-15
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.3.0...v3.3.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `be >`, `be <`, etc so that it fails rather than allowing an
-  argument error to be raised when compared against an object of the
-  wrong type. This allows it to be used in composed matcher expressions
-  against heterogeneous objects. (Dennis Günnewig, #809)
-* Fix `respond_to` to work properly on target objects
-  that redefine the `method` method. (unmanbearpig, #821)
-### 3.3.0 / 2015-06-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.2.1...v3.3.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Expose `RSpec::Matchers::EnglishPhrasing` to make it easier to write
-  nice failure messages in custom matchers. (Jared Beck, #736)
-* Add `RSpec::Matchers::FailMatchers`, a mixin which provides
-  `fail`, `fail_with` and `fail_including` matchers for use in
-  specifying that an expectation fails for use by
-  extension/plugin authors. (Charlie Rudolph, #729)
-* Avoid loading `tempfile` (and its dependencies) unless
-  it is absolutely needed. (Myron Marston, #735)
-* Improve failure output when attempting to use `be_true` or `be_false`.
-  (Tim Wade, #744)
-* Define `RSpec::Matchers#respond_to_missing?` so that
-  `RSpec::Matchers#respond_to?` and `RSpec::Matchers#method` handle
-  dynamic predicate matchers. (Andrei Botalov, #751)
-* Use custom Time/DateTime/BigDecimal formatting for all matchers
-  so they are consistently represented in failure messages.
-  (Gavin Miller, #740)
-* Add configuration to turn off warnings about matcher combinations that
-  may cause false positives. (Jon Rowe, #768)
-* Warn when using a bare `raise_error` matcher that you may be subject to
-  false positives. (Jon Rowe, #768)
-* Warn rather than raise when using the`raise_error` matcher in negative
-  expectations that may be subject to false positives. (Jon Rowe, #775)
-* Improve failure message for `include(a, b, c)` so that if `a` and `b`
-  are included the failure message only mentions `c`. (Chris Arcand, #780)
-* Allow `satisfy` matcher to take an optional description argument
-  that will be used in the `description`, `failure_message` and
-  `failure_message_when_negated` in place of the undescriptive
-  "sastify block". (Chris Arcand, #783)
-* Add new `aggregate_failures` API that allows multiple independent
-  expectations to all fail and be listed in the failure output, rather
-  than the example aborting on the first failure. (Myron Marston, #776)
-* Improve `raise_error` matcher so that it can accept a matcher as a single argument
-  that matches the message. (Time Wade, #782)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Make `contain_exactly` / `match_array` work with strict test doubles
-  that have not defined `<=>`. (Myron Marston, #758)
-* Fix `include` matcher so that it omits the diff when it would
-  confusingly highlight items that are actually included but are not
-  an exact match in a line-by-line diff. (Tim Wade, #763)
-* Fix `match` matcher so that it does not blow up when matching a string
-  or regex against another matcher (rather than a string or regex).
-  (Myron Marston, #772)
-* Silence whitespace-only diffs. (Myron Marston, #801)
-### 3.2.1 / 2015-04-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.2.0...v3.2.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Prevent `Range`s from being enumerated when generating matcher
-  descriptions. (Jon Rowe, #755)
-* Ensure exception messages are compared as strings in the `raise_error`
-  matcher. (Jon Rowe, #755)
-### 3.2.0 / 2015-02-03
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.1.2...v3.2.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Add `block_arg` method to custom matcher API, which allows you to
-  access the block passed to a custom matcher, if there is one.
-  (Mike Dalton, #645)
-* Provide more detail in failure message of `yield_control` matcher.
-  (Jon Rowe, #650)
-* Add a shorthand syntax for `chain` in the matcher DSL which assigns values
-  for use elsewhere, for example `chain :and_smaller_than, :small_value`
-  creates an `attr_reader` for `small_value` (Tom Stuart, #644)
-* Provide a more helpful deprecation message when using the `should` syntax.
-  (Elia Schito, #663)
-* Provide more detail in the `have_attributes` matcher failure message.
-  (Jon Rowe,  #668)
-* Make the `have_attributes` matcher diffable.
-  (Jon Rowe, Alexey Fedorov, #668)
-* Add `output(...).to_std(out|err)_from_any_process` as alternatives
-  to `output(...).to_std(out|err)`. The latter doesn't work when a sub
-  process writes to the named stream but is much faster.
-  (Alex Genco, #700)
-* Improve compound matchers (created by `and` and `or`) so that diffs
-  are included in failures when one or more of their matchers
-  are diffable. (Alexey Fedorov, #713)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Avoid calling `private_methods` from the `be` predicate matcher on
-  the target object if the object publicly responds to the predicate
-  method. This avoids a possible error that can occur if the object
-  raises errors from `private_methods` (which can happen with celluloid
-  objects). (@chapmajs, #670)
-* Make `yield_control` (with no modifier) default to
-  `at_least(:once)` rather than raising a confusing error
-  when multiple yields are encountered.
-  (Myron Marston, #675)
-* Fix "instance variable @color not initialized" warning when using
-  rspec-expectations outside of an rspec-core context. (Myron Marston, #689)
-* Fix `start_with` and `end_with` to work properly when checking a
-  string against an array of strings. (Myron Marston, #690)
-* Don't use internally delegated matchers when generating descriptions
-  for examples without doc strings. (Myron Marston, #692)
-### 3.1.2 / 2014-09-26
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.1.1...v3.1.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `define_negated_matcher` so that matchers that support fluent
-  interfaces continue to be negated after you use the chained method.
-  (Myron Marston, #656)
-* Fix `define_negated_matcher` so that the matchers fail with an
-  appropriate failure message. (Myron Marston, #659)
-### 3.1.1 / 2014-09-15
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.1.0...v3.1.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix regression in `all` matcher in 3.1.0 that prevented it from
-  working on objects that are not `Enumerable` but do implement
-  `each_with_index` (such as an ActiveRecord proxy). (Jori Hardman, #647)
-### 3.1.0 / 2014-09-04
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.4...v3.1.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Add `have_attributes` matcher, that passes if actual's attribute
-  values match the expected attributes hash:
-  `Person = Struct.new(:name, :age)`
-  `person = Person.new("Bob", 32)`
-  `expect(person).to have_attributes(:name => "Bob", :age => 32)`.
-  (Adam Farhi, #571)
-* Extended compound matcher support to block matchers, for cases like:
-  `expect { ... }.to change { x }.to(3).and change { y }.to(4)`. (Myron
-  Marston, #567)
-* Include chained methods in custom matcher description and failure message
-  when new `include_chain_clauses_in_custom_matcher_descriptions` config
-  option is enabled. (Dan Oved, #600)
-* Add `thrice` modifier to `yield_control` matcher as a synonym for
-  `exactly(3).times`. (Dennis Taylor, #615)
-* Add `RSpec::Matchers.define_negated_matcher`, which defines a negated
-  version of the named matcher. (Adam Farhi, Myron Marston, #618)
-* Document and support negation of `contain_exactly`/`match_array`.
-  (Jon Rowe, #626).
-Bug Fixes:
-* Rename private `LegacyMacherAdapter` constant to `LegacyMatcherAdapter`
-  to fix typo. (Abdelkader Boudih, #563)
-* Fix `all` matcher so that it fails properly (rather than raising a
-  `NoMethodError`) when matched against a non-enumerable. (Hao Su, #622)
-### 3.0.4 / 2014-08-14
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.3...v3.0.4)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `start_with` and `end_with` so that they work properly with
-  structs. (Myron Marston, #620)
-* Fix failure message generation so that structs are printed properly
-  in failures. Previously failure messages would represent them as
-  an array. (Myron Marston, #620)
-* Fix composable matcher support so that it does not wrongly treat
-  structs as arrays. (Myron Marston, #620)
-### 3.0.3 / 2014-07-21
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.2...v3.0.3)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix issue with detection of generic operator matchers so they work
-  correctly when undefined. (Myron Marston, #597)
-* Don't inadvertently define `BasicObject` in 1.8.7. (Chris Griego, #603)
-* Fix `include` matcher so that it fails gracefully when matched against
-  an object that does not respond to `include?`. (Myron Marston, #607)
-### 3.0.2 / 2014-06-19
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.1...v3.0.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix regression in `contain_exactly` (AKA `match_array`) that caused it
-  to wrongly pass when the expected array was empty. (Myron Marston, #581)
-* Provide a better error message when you use the `change(obj, :msg)`
-  form of the change matcher but forget the message argument. (Alex
-  Sunderland, #585)
-* Make the `contain_exactly` matcher work with arrays that contain hashes in
-  arbitrary ordering. (Sam Phippen, #578)
-### 3.0.1 / 2014-06-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.0...v3.0.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Add a missing `require` that would cause the `respond_to` matcher to
-  fail when used in a project where the rest of RSpec (e.g. core and
-  expecatations) weren't being used. (Myron Marston, #566)
-* Structs are no longer treated as arrays when diffed. (Jon Rowe, #576)
-### 3.0.0 / 2014-06-01
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.0.rc1...v3.0.0)
-No code changes. Just taking it out of pre-release.
-### 3.0.0.rc1 / 2014-05-18
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.0.beta2...v3.0.0.rc1)
-Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
-* Remove `matcher_execution_context` attribute from DSL-defined
-  custom matchers. (Myron Marston)
-* Remove `RSpec::Matchers::Pretty#_pretty_print`. (Myron Marston)
-* Remove `RSpec::Matchers::Pretty#expected_to_sentence`. (Myron Marston)
-* Rename `RSpec::Matchers::Configuration` constant to
-  `RSpec::Expectations::Configuration`. (Myron Marston)
-* Prevent `have_xyz` predicate matchers using private methods.
-  (Adrian Gonzalez)
-* Block matchers must now implement `supports_block_expectations?`.
-  (Myron Marston)
-* Stop supporting `require 'rspec-expectations'`.
-  Use `require 'rspec/expectations'` instead. (Myron Marston)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix `NoMethodError` triggered by beta2 when `YARD` was loaded in
-  the test environment. (Myron Marston)
-* Fix `be_xyz` matcher to accept a `do...end` block. (Myron Marston)
-* Fix composable matcher failure message generation logic
-  so that it does not blow up when given `$stdout` or `$stderr`.
-  (Myron Marston)
-* Fix `change` matcher to work properly with `IO` objects.
-  (Myron Marston)
-* Fix `exist` matcher so that it can be used in composed matcher
-  expressions involving objects that do not implement `exist?` or
-  `exists?`. (Daniel Fone)
-* Fix composable matcher match logic so that it clones matchers
-  before using them in order to work properly with matchers
-  that use internal memoization based on a given `actual` value.
-  (Myron Marston)
-* Fix `be_xyz` and `has_xyz` predicate matchers so that they can
-  be used in composed matcher expressions involving objects that
-  do not implement the predicate method. (Daniel Fone)
-Enhancements:
-* Document the remaining public APIs. rspec-expectations now has 100% of
-  the public API documented and will remain that way (as new undocumented
-  methods will fail the build). (Myron Marston)
-* Improve the formatting of BigDecimal objects in `eq` matcher failure
-  messages. (Daniel Fone)
-* Improve the failure message for `be_xyz` predicate matchers so
-  that it includes the `inspect` output of the receiver.
-  (Erik Michaels-Ober, Sam Phippen)
-* Add `all` matcher, to allow you to specify that a given matcher
-  matches all elements in a collection:
-  `expect([1, 3, 5]).to all( be_odd )`. (Adam Farhi)
-* Add boolean aliases (`&`/`|`) for compound operators (`and`/`or`). (Adam Farhi)
-* Give users a clear error when they wrongly use a value matcher
-  in a block expectation expression (e.g. `expect { 3 }.to eq(3)`)
-  or vice versa.  (Myron Marston)
-### 3.0.0.beta2 / 2014-02-17
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v3.0.0.beta1...v3.0.0.beta2)
-Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
-* Remove deprecated support for accessing the `RSpec` constant using
-  `Rspec` or `Spec`. (Myron Marston)
-* Remove deprecated `RSpec::Expectations.differ=`. (Myron Marston)
-* Remove support for deprecated `expect(...).should`. (Myron Marston)
-* Explicitly disallow `expect { }.not_to change { }` with `by`,
-  `by_at_least`, `by_at_most` or `to`. These have never been supported
-  but did not raise explicit errors. (Myron Marston)
-* Provide `===` rather than `==` as an alias of `matches?` for
-  all matchers.  The semantics of `===` are closer to an RSpec
-  matcher than `==`. (Myron Marston)
-* Remove deprecated `RSpec::Matchers::OperatorMatcher` constant.
-  (Myron Marston)
-* Make `RSpec::Expectations::ExpectationNotMetError` subclass
-  `Exception` rather than `StandardError` so they can bypass
-  a bare `rescue` in end-user code (e.g. when an expectation is
-  set from within a rspec-mocks stub implementation). (Myron Marston)
-* Remove Test::Unit and Minitest 4.x integration. (Myron Marston)
-Enhancements:
-* Simplify the failure message of the `be` matcher when matching against:
-  `true`, `false` and `nil`. (Sam Phippen)
-* Update matcher protocol and custom matcher DSL to better align
-  with the newer `expect` syntax. If you want your matchers to
-  maintain compatibility with multiple versions of RSpec, you can
-  alias the new names to the old. (Myron Marston)
-    * `failure_message_for_should` => `failure_message`
-    * `failure_message_for_should_not` => `failure_message_when_negated`
-    * `match_for_should` => `match`
-    * `match_for_should_not` => `match_when_negated`
-* Improve generated descriptions from `change` matcher. (Myron Marston)
-* Add support for compound matcher expressions using `and` and `or`.
-  Simply chain them off of any existing matcher to create an expression
-  like `expect(alphabet).to start_with("a").and end_with("z")`.
-  (Eloy Espinaco)
-* Add `contain_exactly` as a less ambiguous version of `match_array`.
-  Note that it expects the expected array to be splatted as
-  individual args: `expect(array).to contain_exactly(1, 2)` is
-  the same as `expect(array).to match_array([1, 2])`. (Myron Marston)
-* Update `contain_exactly`/`match_array` so that it can match against
-  other non-array collections (such as a `Set`). (Myron Marston)
-* Update built-in matchers so that they can accept matchers as arguments
-  to allow you to compose matchers in arbitrary ways. (Myron Marston)
-* Add `RSpec::Matchers::Composable` mixin that can be used to make
-  a custom matcher composable as well. Note that custom matchers
-  defined via `RSpec::Matchers.define` already have this. (Myron
-  Marston)
-* Define noun-phrase aliases for built-in matchers, which can be
-  used when creating composed matcher expressions that read better
-  and provide better failure messages. (Myron Marston)
-* Add `RSpec::Matchers.alias_matcher` so users can define their own
-  matcher aliases. The `description` of the matcher will reflect the
-  alternate matcher name. (Myron Marston)
-* Add explicit `be_between` matcher. `be_between` has worked for a
-  long time as a dynamic predicate matcher, but the failure message
-  was suboptimal. The new matcher provides a much better failure
-  message. (Erik Michaels-Ober)
-* Enhance the `be_between` matcher to allow for `inclusive` or `exclusive`
-  comparison (e.g. inclusive of min/max or exclusive of min/max).
-  (Pedro Gimenez)
-* Make failure message for `not_to be #{operator}` less confusing by
-  only saying it's confusing when comparison operators are used.
-  (Prathamesh Sonpatki)
-* Improve failure message of `eq` matcher when `Time` or `DateTime`
-  objects are used so that the full sub-second precision is included.
-  (Thomas Holmes, Jeff Wallace)
-* Add `output` matcher for expecting that a block outputs `to_stdout`
-  or `to_stderr`. (Luca Pette, Matthias Günther)
-* Forward a provided block on to the `has_xyz?` method call when
-  the `have_xyz` matcher is used. (Damian Galarza)
-* Provide integration with Minitest 5.x. Require
-  `rspec/expectations/minitest_integration` after loading minitest
-  to use rspec-expectations with minitest. (Myron Marston)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix wrong matcher descriptions with falsey expected value (yujinakayama)
-* Fix `expect { }.not_to change { }.from(x)` so that the matcher only
-  passes if the starting value is `x`. (Tyler Rick, Myron Marston)
-* Fix hash diffing, so that it colorizes properly and doesn't consider trailing
-  commas when performing the diff. (Jared Norman)
-* Fix built-in matchers to fail normally rather than raising
-  `ArgumentError` when given an object of the wrong type to match
-  against, so that they work well in composite matcher expressions like
-  `expect([1.51, "foo"]).to include(a_string_matching(/foo/), a_value_within(0.1).of(1.5))`.
-  (Myron Marston)
-Deprecations:
-* Retain support for RSpec 2 matcher protocol (e.g. for matchers
-  in 3rd party extension gems like `shoulda`), but it will print
-  a deprecation warning. (Myron Marston)
-### 3.0.0.beta1 / 2013-11-07
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.2...v3.0.0.beta1)
-Breaking Changes for 3.0.0:
-* Remove explicit support for 1.8.6. (Jon Rowe)
-* Remove the deprecated `be_close` matcher, preferring `be_within` instead.
-  (Sam Phippen)
-* Remove the deprecated `have`, `have_at_least` and `have_at_most` matchers.
-  You can continue using those matchers through https://github.com/rspec/rspec-collection_matchers,
-  or you can rewrite your expectations with something like
-  `expect(your_object.size).to eq(num)`. (Hugo Baraúna)
-* Rename `be_true` and `be_false` to `be_truthy` and `be_falsey`. (Sam Phippen)
-* Make `expect { }.to_not raise_error(SomeSpecificClass, message)`,
-       `expect { }.to_not raise_error(SomeSpecificClass)` and
-       `expect { }.to_not raise_error(message)` invalid, since they are prone
-  to hiding failures. Instead, use `expect { }.to_not raise_error` (with no
-  args). (Sam Phippen)
-* Within `RSpec::Matchers.define` blocks, helper methods made available
-  either via `def self.helper` or `extend HelperModule` are no longer
-  available to the `match` block (or any of the others). Instead
-  `include` your helper module and define the helper method as an
-  instance method. (Myron Marston)
-* Force upgrading Diff::LCS for encoding compatability with diffs. (Jon Rowe)
-Enhancements:
-* Support `do..end` style block with `raise_error` matcher. (Yuji Nakayama)
-* Rewrote custom matcher DSL to simplify its implementation and solve a
-  few issues. (Myron Marston)
-* Allow early `return` from within custom matcher DSL blocks. (Myron
-  Marston)
-* The custom matcher DSL's `chain` can now accept a block. (Myron
-  Marston)
-* Support setting an expectation on a `raise_error` matcher via a chained
-  `with_message` method call. (Sam Phippen)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Allow `include` and `match` matchers to be used from within a
-  DSL-defined custom matcher's `match` block. (Myron Marston)
-* Correct encoding error message on diff failure (Jon Rowe)
-Deprecations:
- * Using the old `:should` syntax without explicitly configuring it is deprecated.
-   It will continue to work but will emit a deprecation warning in RSpec 3 if
-   you do not explicitly enable it. (Sam Phippen)
-### 2.99.2 / 2014-07-21
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.1...v2.99.2)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix regression in `Expectations#method_handle_for` where proxy objects
-  with method delegated would wrongly not return a method handle.
-  (Jon Rowe, #594)
-* Fix issue with detection of generic operator matchers so they work
-  correctly when undefined. (Myron Marston, #597)
-### 2.99.1 / 2014-06-19
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.0...v2.99.1)
-Bug Fixes:
-* Fix typo in custom matcher `expected` deprecation warning -- it's
-  `expected_as_array`, not `expected_array`. (Frederick Cheung, #562)
-### 2.99.0 / 2014-06-01
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.0.rc1...v2.99.0)
-Enhancements:
-* Special case deprecation message for `errors_on` with `rspec-rails` to be more useful.
-  (Aaron Kromer)
-### 2.99.0.rc1 / 2014-05-18
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.0.beta2...2.99.0.rc1)
-Deprecations:
-* Deprecate `matcher_execution_context` attribute on DSL-defined
-  custom matchers. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `RSpec::Matchers::Pretty#_pretty_print`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `RSpec::Matchers::Pretty#expected_to_sentence`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `RSpec::Matchers::Configuration` in favor of
-  `RSpec::Expectations::Configuration`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `be_xyz` predicate matcher on an object that doesn't respond to
-  `xyz?` or `xyzs?`. (Daniel Fone)
-* Deprecate `have_xyz` matcher on an object that doesn't respond to `has_xyz?`.
-  (Daniel Fone)
-* Deprecate `have_xyz` matcher on an object that has a private method `has_xyz?`.
-  (Jon Rowe)
-* Issue a deprecation warning when a block expectation expression is
-  used with a matcher that doesn't explicitly support block expectations
-  via `supports_block_expectations?`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `require 'rspec-expectations'`. Use
-  `require 'rspec/expectations'` instead. (Myron Marston)
-### 2.99.0.beta2 / 2014-02-17
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.99.0.beta1...v2.99.0.beta2)
-Deprecations:
-* Deprecate chaining `by`, `by_at_least`, `by_at_most` or `to` off of
-  `expect { }.not_to change { }`. The docs have always said these are
-  not supported for the negative form but now they explicitly raise
-  errors in RSpec 3. (Myron Marston)
-* Change the semantics of `expect { }.not_to change { x }.from(y)`.
-  In RSpec 2.x, this expectation would only fail if `x` started with
-  the value of `y` and changed. If it started with a different value
-  and changed, it would pass. In RSpec 3, it will pass only if the
-  value starts at `y` and it does not change. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `matcher == value` as an alias for `matcher.matches?(value)`,
-  in favor of `matcher === value`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate `RSpec::Matchers::OperatorMatcher` in favor of
-  `RSpec::Matchers::BuiltIn::OperatorMatcher`. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate auto-integration with Test::Unit and minitest.
-  Instead, include `RSpec::Matchers` in the appropriate test case
-  base class yourself. (Myron Marston)
-* Deprecate treating `#expected` on a DSL-generated custom matcher
-  as an array when only 1 argument is passed to the matcher method.
-  In RSpec 3 it will be the single value in order to make diffs
-  work properly. (Jon Rowe)
-### 2.99.0.beta1 / 2013-11-07
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.4...v2.99.0.beta1)
-Deprecations
-* Deprecate `have`, `have_at_least` and `have_at_most`. You can continue using those
-  matchers through https://github.com/rspec/rspec-collection_matchers, or
-  you can rewrite your expectations with something like
-  `expect(your_object.size).to eq(num)`. (Hugo Baraúna)
-* Deprecate `be_xyz` predicate matcher when `xyz?` is a private method.
-  (Jon Rowe)
-* Deprecate `be_true`/`be_false` in favour of `be_truthy`/`be_falsey`
-  (for Ruby's conditional semantics) or `be true`/`be false`
-  (for exact equality). (Sam Phippen)
-* Deprecate calling helper methods from a custom matcher with the wrong
-  scope. (Myron Marston)
-  * `def self.foo` / `extend Helper` can be used to add macro methods
-    (e.g. methods that call the custom matcher DSL methods), but should
-    not be used to define helper methods called from within the DSL
-    blocks.
-  * `def foo` / `include Helper` is the opposite: it's for helper methods
-    callable from within a DSL block, but not for defining macros.
-  * RSpec 2.x allowed helper methods defined either way to be used for
-    either purpose, but RSpec 3.0 will not.
-### 2.14.5 / 2014-02-01
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.4...v2.14.5)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix wrong matcher descriptions with falsey expected value
-  (yujinakayama)
-### 2.14.4 / 2013-11-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.3...v2.14.4)
-Bug fixes
-* Make the `match` matcher produce a diff output. (Jon Rowe, Ben Moss)
-* Choose encoding for diff's more intelligently, and when all else fails fall
-  back to default internal encoding with replacing characters. (Jon Rowe)
-### 2.14.3 / 2013-09-22
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.2...v2.14.3)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix operator matchers (`should` syntax) when `method` is redefined on target.
-  (Brandon Turner)
-* Fix diffing of hashes with object based keys. (Jon Rowe)
-* Fix operator matchers (`should` syntax) when operator is defined via
-  `method_missing` (Jon Rowe)
-### 2.14.2 / 2013-08-14
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.1...v2.14.2)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix `be_<predicate>` matcher to not support operator chaining like the
-  `be` matcher does (e.g. `be == 5`). This led to some odd behaviors
-  since `be_<predicate> == anything` returned a `BeComparedTo` matcher
-  and was thus always truthy. This was a consequence of the implementation
-  (e.g. subclassing the basic `Be` matcher) and was not intended behavior.
-  (Myron Marston).
-* Fix `change` matcher to compare using `==` in addition to `===`. This
-  is important for an expression like:
-  `expect {}.to change { a.class }.from(ClassA).to(ClassB)` because
-  `SomeClass === SomeClass` returns false. (Myron Marston)
-### 2.14.1 / 2013-08-08
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.0...2.14.1)
-Bug fixes
-* Ensure diff output uses the same encoding as the encoding of
-  the string being diff'd to prevent `Encoding::UndefinedConversionError`
-  errors (Jon Rowe).
-### 2.14.0 / 2013-07-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.14.0.rc1...v2.14.0)
-Bug fixes
-* Values that are not matchers use `#inspect`, rather than `#description` for
-  documentation output (Andy Lindeman, Sam Phippen).
-* Make `expect(a).to be_within(x).percent_of(y)` work with negative y
-  (Katsuhiko Nishimra).
-* Make the `be_predicate` matcher work as expected used with `expect{...}.to
-  change...`  (Sam Phippen).
-### 2.14.0.rc1 / 2013-05-27
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.13.0...v2.14.0.rc1)
-Enhancements
-* Enhance `yield_control` so that you can specify an exact or relative
-  number of times: `expect { }.to yield_control.exactly(3).times`,
-  `expect { }.to yield_control.at_least(2).times`, etc (Bartek
-  Borkowski).
-* Make the differ that is used when an expectation fails better handle arrays
-  by splitting each element of the array onto its own line. (Sam Phippen)
-* Accept duck-typed strings that respond to `:to_str` as expectation messages.
-  (Toby Ovod-Everett)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix differ to not raise errors when dealing with differently-encoded
-  strings (Jon Rowe).
-* Fix `expect(something).to be_within(x).percent_of(y)` where x and y are both
-  integers (Sam Phippen).
-* Fix `have` matcher to handle the fact that on ruby 2.0,
-  `Enumerator#size` may return nil (Kenta Murata).
-* Fix `expect { raise s }.to raise_error(s)` where s is an error instance
-  on ruby 2.0 (Sam Phippen).
-* Fix `expect(object).to raise_error` passing. This now warns the user and
-  fails the spec (tomykaira).
-Deprecations
-* Deprecate `expect { }.not_to raise_error(SpecificErrorClass)` or
-  `expect { }.not_to raise_error("some specific message")`. Using
-  these was prone to hiding failures as they would allow _any other
-  error_ to pass. (Sam Phippen and David Chelimsky)
-### 2.13.0 / 2013-02-23
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.12.1...v2.13.0)
-Enhancements
-* Add support for percent deltas to `be_within` matcher:
-  `expect(value).to be_within(10).percent_of(expected)`
-  (Myron Marston).
-* Add support to `include` matcher to allow it to be given a list
-  of matchers as the expecteds to match against (Luke Redpath).
-Bug fixes
-* Fix `change` matcher so that it dups strings in order to handle
-  mutated strings (Myron Marston).
-* Fix `should be =~ /some regex/` / `expect(...).to be =~ /some regex/`.
-  Previously, these either failed with a confusing `undefined method
-  matches?' for false:FalseClass` error or were no-ops that didn't
-  actually verify anything (Myron Marston).
-* Add compatibility for diff-lcs 1.2 and relax the version
-  constraint (Peter Goldstein).
-* Fix DSL-generated matchers to allow multiple instances of the
-  same matcher in the same example to have different description
-  and failure messages based on the expected value (Myron Marston).
-* Prevent `undefined method #split for Array` error when dumping
-  the diff of an array of multiline strings (Myron Marston).
-* Don't blow up when comparing strings that are in an encoding
-  that is not ASCII compatible (Myron Marston).
-* Remove confusing "Check the implementation of #==" message
-  printed for empty diffs (Myron Marston).
-### 2.12.1 / 2012-12-15
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.12.0...v2.12.1)
-Bug fixes
-* Improve the failure message for an expression like
-  `{}.should =~ {}`. (Myron Marston and Andy Lindeman)
-* Provide a `match_regex` alias so that custom matchers
-  built using the matcher DSL can use it (since `match`
-  is a different method in that context).
-  (Steven Harman)
-### 2.12.0 / 2012-11-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.11.3...v2.12.0)
-Enhancements
-* Colorize diffs if the `--color` option is configured. (Alex Coplan)
-* Include backtraces in unexpected errors handled by `raise_error`
-  matcher (Myron Marston)
-* Print a warning when users accidentally pass a non-string argument
-  as an expectation message (Sam Phippen)
-* `=~` and `match_array` matchers output a more useful error message when
-  the actual value is not an array (or an object that responds to `#to_ary`)
-  (Sam Phippen)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix `include` matcher so that `expect({}).to include(:a => nil)`
-  fails as it should (Sam Phippen).
-* Fix `be_an_instance_of` matcher so that `Class#to_s` is used in the
-  description rather than `Class#inspect`, since some classes (like
-  `ActiveRecord::Base`) define a long, verbose `#inspect`.
-  (Tom Stuart)
-### 2.11.3 / 2012-09-04
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.11.2...v2.11.3)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix (and deprecate) `expect { }.should` syntax so that it works even
-  though it was never a documented or intended syntax. It worked as a
-  consequence of the implementation of `expect` in RSpec 2.10 and
-  earlier. (Myron Marston)
-* Ensure #== is defined on built in matchers so that they can be composed.
-  For example:
-    expect {
-      user.emailed!
-    }.to change { user.last_emailed_at }.to be_within(1.second).of(Time.zone.now)
-### 2.11.2 / 2012-07-25
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.11.1...v2.11.2)
-Bug fixes
-* Define `should` and `should_not` on `Object` rather than `BasicObject`
-  on MacRuby. On MacRuby, `BasicObject` is defined but is not the root
-  of the object hierarchy. (Gabriel Gilder)
-### 2.11.1 / 2012-07-08
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.11.0...v2.11.1)
-Bug fixes
-* Constrain `actual` in `be_within` matcher to values that respond to `-` instead
-  of requiring a specific type.
-    * `Time`, for example, is a legit alternative.
-### 2.11.0 / 2012-07-07
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.10.0...v2.11.0)
-Enhancements
-* Expand `expect` syntax so that it supports expections on bare values
-  in addition to blocks (Myron Marston).
-* Add configuration options to control available expectation syntaxes
-  (Myron Marston):
-  * `RSpec.configuration.expect_with(:rspec) { |c| c.syntax = :expect }`
-  * `RSpec.configuration.expect_with(:rspec) { |c| c.syntax = :should }`
-  * `RSpec.configuration.expect_with(:rspec) { |c| c.syntax = [:should, :expect] }`
-  * `RSpec.configuration.add_should_and_should_not_to Delegator`
-Bug fixes
-* Allow only `Numeric` values to be the "actual" in the `be_within` matcher.
-  This prevents confusing error messages. (Su Zhang @zhangsu)
-* Define `should` and `should_not` on `BasicObject` rather than `Kernel`
-  on 1.9. This makes `should` and `should_not` work properly with
-  `BasicObject`-subclassed proxy objects like `Delegator`. (Myron
-  Marston)
-### 2.10.0 / 2012-05-03
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.9.1...v2.10.0)
-Enhancements
-* Add new `start_with` and `end_with` matchers (Jeremy Wadsack)
-* Add new matchers for specifying yields (Myron Marston):
-    * `expect {...}.to yield_control`
-    * `expect {...}.to yield_with_args(1, 2, 3)`
-    * `expect {...}.to yield_with_no_args`
-    * `expect {...}.to yield_successive_args(1, 2, 3)`
-* `match_unless_raises` takes multiple exception args
-Bug fixes
-* Fix `be_within` matcher to be inclusive of delta.
-* Fix message-specific specs to pass on Rubinius (John Firebaugh)
-### 2.9.1 / 2012-04-03
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.9.0...v2.9.1)
-Bug fixes
-* Provide a helpful message if the diff between two objects is empty.
-* Fix bug diffing single strings with multiline strings.
-* Fix for error with using custom matchers inside other custom matchers
-  (mirasrael)
-* Fix using execution context methods in nested DSL matchers (mirasrael)
-### 2.9.0 / 2012-03-17
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.8.0...v2.9.0)
-Enhancements
-* Move built-in matcher classes to RSpec::Matchers::BuiltIn to reduce pollution
-  of RSpec::Matchers (which is included in every example).
-* Autoload files with matcher classes to improve load time.
-Bug fixes
-* Align `respond_to?` and `method_missing` in DSL-defined matchers.
-* Clear out user-defined instance variables between invocations of DSL-defined
-  matchers.
-* Dup the instance of a DSL generated matcher so its state is not changed by
-  subsequent invocations.
-* Treat expected args consistently across positive and negative expectations
-  (thanks to Ralf Kistner for the heads up)
-### 2.8.0 / 2012-01-04
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.8.0.rc2...v2.8.0)
-Enhancements
-* Better diff output for Hash (Philippe Creux)
-* Eliminate Ruby warnings (Olek Janiszewski)
-### 2.8.0.rc2 / 2011-12-19
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.8.0.rc1...v2.8.0.rc2)
-No changes for this release. Just releasing with the other rspec gems.
-### 2.8.0.rc1 / 2011-11-06
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.7.0...v2.8.0.rc1)
-Enhancements
-* Use classes for the built-in matchers (they're faster).
-* Eliminate Ruby warnings (Matijs van Zuijlen)
-### 2.7.0 / 2011-10-16
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.6.0...v2.7.0)
-Enhancements
-* `HaveMatcher` converts argument using `to_i` (Alex Bepple & Pat Maddox)
-* Improved failure message for the `have_xxx` matcher (Myron Marston)
-* `HaveMatcher` supports `count` (Matthew Bellantoni)
-* Change matcher dups `Enumerable` before the action, supporting custom
-  `Enumerable` types like `CollectionProxy` in Rails (David Chelimsky)
-Bug fixes
-* Fix typo in `have(n).xyz` documentation (Jean Boussier)
-* fix `safe_sort` for ruby 1.9.2 (`Kernel` now defines `<=>` for Object) (Peter
-  van Hardenberg)
-### 2.6.0 / 2011-05-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.5.0...v2.6.0)
-Enhancements
-* `change` matcher accepts regexps (Robert Davis)
-* better descriptions for `have_xxx` matchers (Magnus Bergmark)
-* `range.should cover(*values)` (Anders Furseth)
-Bug fixes
-* Removed non-ascii characters that were choking rcov (Geoffrey Byers)
-* change matcher dups arrays and hashes so their before/after states can be
-  compared correctly.
-* Fix the order of inclusion of RSpec::Matchers in Test::Unit::TestCase and
-  MiniTest::Unit::TestCase to prevent a SystemStackError (Myron Marston)
-### 2.5.0 / 2011-02-05
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.4.0...v2.5.0)
-Enhancements
-* `should exist` works with `exist?` or `exists?` (Myron Marston)
-* `expect { ... }.not_to do_something` (in addition to `to_not`)
-Documentation
-* improved docs for raise_error matcher (James Almond)
-### 2.4.0 / 2011-01-02
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.3.0...v2.4.0)
-No functional changes in this release, which was made to align with the
-rspec-core-2.4.0 release.
-Enhancements
-* improved RDoc for change matcher (Jo Liss)
-### 2.3.0 / 2010-12-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.2.1...v2.3.0)
-Enhancements
-* diff strings when include matcher fails (Mike Sassak)
-### 2.2.0 / 2010-11-28
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.1.0...v2.2.0)
-### 2.1.0 / 2010-11-07
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.0.1...v2.1.0)
-Enhancements
-* `be_within(delta).of(expected)` matcher (Myron Marston)
-* Lots of new Cucumber features (Myron Marston)
-* Raise error if you try `should != expected` on Ruby-1.9 (Myron Marston)
-* Improved failure messages from `throw_symbol` (Myron Marston)
-Bug fixes
-* Eliminate hard dependency on `RSpec::Core` (Myron Marston)
-* `have_matcher` - use pluralize only when ActiveSupport inflections are indeed
-  defined (Josep M Bach)
-* throw_symbol matcher no longer swallows exceptions (Myron Marston)
-* fix matcher chaining to avoid name collisions (Myron Marston)
-### 2.0.0 / 2010-10-10
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.0.0.rc...v2.0.0)
-Enhancements
-* Add match_for_should_not method to matcher DSL (Myron Marston)
-Bug fixes
-* `respond_to` matcher works correctly with `should_not` with multiple methods
-  (Myron Marston)
-* `include` matcher works correctly with `should_not` with multiple values
-  (Myron Marston)
-### 2.0.0.rc / 2010-10-05
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.0.0.beta.22...v2.0.0.rc)
-Enhancements
-* `require 'rspec/expectations'` in a T::U or MiniUnit suite (Josep M. Bach)
-Bug fixes
-* change by 0 passes/fails correctly (Len Smith)
-* Add description to satisfy matcher
-### 2.0.0.beta.22 / 2010-09-12
-[Full Changelog](http://github.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/compare/v2.0.0.beta.20...v2.0.0.beta.22)
-Enhancements
-* diffing improvements
-    * diff multiline strings
-    * don't diff single line strings
-    * don't diff numbers (silly)
-    * diff regexp + multiline string
-Bug fixes
-    * `should[_not]` change now handles boolean values correctly