yugabyte_ysql 0.1

data/ext/pg.c

@@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
+/*
+ * pg.c - Toplevel extension
+ * $Id$
+ *
+ * Author/s:
+ *
+ * - Jeff Davis <ruby-pg@j-davis.com>
+ * - Guy Decoux (ts) <decoux@moulon.inra.fr>
+ * - Michael Granger <ged@FaerieMUD.org>
+ * - Lars Kanis <lars@greiz-reinsdorf.de>
+ * - Dave Lee
+ * - Eiji Matsumoto <usagi@ruby.club.or.jp>
+ * - Yukihiro Matsumoto <matz@ruby-lang.org>
+ * - Noboru Saitou <noborus@netlab.jp>
+ *
+ * See Contributors.rdoc for the many additional fine people that have contributed
+ * to this library over the years.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1997-2019 by the authors.
+ *
+ * You may redistribute this software under the same terms as Ruby itself; see
+ * https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/license.txt or the BSDL file in the source
+ * for details.
+ *
+ * Portions of the code are from the PostgreSQL project, and are distributed
+ * under the terms of the PostgreSQL license, included in the file "POSTGRES".
+ *
+ * Portions copyright LAIKA, Inc.
+ *
+ *
+ * The following functions are part of libpq, but not available from ruby-pg,
+ * because they are deprecated, obsolete, or generally not useful:
+ *
+ * - PQfreemem -- unnecessary: copied to ruby object, then freed. Ruby object's
+ *                memory is freed when it is garbage collected.
+ * - PQprint -- not very useful
+ * - PQsetdb -- not very useful
+ * - PQoidStatus -- deprecated, use PQoidValue
+ * - PQrequestCancel -- deprecated, use PQcancel
+ * - PQfn -- use a prepared statement instead
+ * - PQgetline -- deprecated, use PQgetCopyData
+ * - PQgetlineAsync -- deprecated, use PQgetCopyData
+ * - PQputline -- deprecated, use PQputCopyData
+ * - PQputnbytes -- deprecated, use PQputCopyData
+ * - PQendcopy -- deprecated, use PQputCopyEnd
+ */
+
+#include "pg.h"
+
+int pg_skip_deprecation_warning;
+VALUE rb_mPG;
+VALUE rb_mPGconstants;
+
+
+/*
+ * Document-class: PG::Error
+ *
+ * This is the exception class raised when an error is returned from
+ * a libpq API call.
+ *
+ * The attributes +connection+ and +result+ are set to the connection
+ * object and result set object, respectively.
+ *
+ * If the connection object or result set object is not available from
+ * the context in which the error was encountered, it is +nil+.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * M17n functions
+ */
+
+/**
+ * The mapping from canonical encoding names in PostgreSQL to ones in Ruby.
+ */
+const char * const (pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[][2]) = {
+	{"UTF8",          "UTF-8"       },
+	{"BIG5",          "Big5"        },
+	{"EUC_CN",        "GB2312"      },
+	{"EUC_JP",        "EUC-JP"      },
+	{"EUC_JIS_2004",  "EUC-JP"      },
+	{"EUC_KR",        "EUC-KR"      },
+	{"EUC_TW",        "EUC-TW"      },
+	{"GB18030",       "GB18030"     },
+	{"GBK",           "GBK"         },
+	{"ISO_8859_5",    "ISO-8859-5"  },
+	{"ISO_8859_6",    "ISO-8859-6"  },
+	{"ISO_8859_7",    "ISO-8859-7"  },
+	{"ISO_8859_8",    "ISO-8859-8"  },
+	/* {"JOHAB",         "JOHAB"       }, dummy */
+	{"KOI8",          "KOI8-R"      },
+	{"KOI8R",         "KOI8-R"      },
+	{"KOI8U",         "KOI8-U"      },
+	{"LATIN1",        "ISO-8859-1"  },
+	{"LATIN2",        "ISO-8859-2"  },
+	{"LATIN3",        "ISO-8859-3"  },
+	{"LATIN4",        "ISO-8859-4"  },
+	{"LATIN5",        "ISO-8859-9"  },
+	{"LATIN6",        "ISO-8859-10" },
+	{"LATIN7",        "ISO-8859-13" },
+	{"LATIN8",        "ISO-8859-14" },
+	{"LATIN9",        "ISO-8859-15" },
+	{"LATIN10",       "ISO-8859-16" },
+	{"MULE_INTERNAL", "Emacs-Mule"  },
+	{"SJIS",          "Windows-31J" },
+	{"SHIFT_JIS_2004","Windows-31J" },
+	/* {"SQL_ASCII",     NULL          },  special case*/
+	{"UHC",           "CP949"       },
+	{"WIN866",        "IBM866"      },
+	{"WIN874",        "Windows-874" },
+	{"WIN1250",       "Windows-1250"},
+	{"WIN1251",       "Windows-1251"},
+	{"WIN1252",       "Windows-1252"},
+	{"WIN1253",       "Windows-1253"},
+	{"WIN1254",       "Windows-1254"},
+	{"WIN1255",       "Windows-1255"},
+	{"WIN1256",       "Windows-1256"},
+	{"WIN1257",       "Windows-1257"},
+	{"WIN1258",       "Windows-1258"}
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * Return the given PostgreSQL encoding ID as an rb_encoding.
+ *
+ * - returns NULL if the client encoding is 'SQL_ASCII'.
+ * - returns ASCII-8BIT if the client encoding is unknown.
+ */
+static rb_encoding *
+pg_get_pg_encoding_as_rb_encoding( int enc_id )
+{
+	const char *name = pg_encoding_to_char( enc_id );
+	return pg_get_pg_encname_as_rb_encoding( name );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the given PostgreSQL encoding name as an rb_encoding.
+ */
+rb_encoding *
+pg_get_pg_encname_as_rb_encoding( const char *pg_encname )
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	/* Trying looking it up in the conversion table */
+	for ( i = 0; i < sizeof(pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping)/sizeof(pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[0]); ++i ) {
+		if ( strcmp(pg_encname, pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[i][0]) == 0 )
+			return rb_enc_find( pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[i][1] );
+	}
+
+	/* Fallthrough to ASCII-8BIT */
+	return rb_ascii8bit_encoding();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the client encoding of the specified connection handle and return it as a rb_encoding.
+ */
+rb_encoding *
+pg_conn_enc_get( PGconn *conn )
+{
+	int enc_id = PQclientEncoding( conn );
+	return pg_get_pg_encoding_as_rb_encoding( enc_id );
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Returns the given rb_encoding as the equivalent PostgreSQL encoding string.
+ */
+const char *
+pg_get_rb_encoding_as_pg_encoding( rb_encoding *enc )
+{
+	const char *rb_encname = rb_enc_name( enc );
+	const char *encname = NULL;
+	size_t i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping)/sizeof(pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[0]); ++i) {
+		if (strcmp(rb_encname, pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[i][1]) == 0) {
+			encname = pg_enc_pg2ruby_mapping[i][0];
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( !encname ) encname = "SQL_ASCII";
+
+	return encname;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Ensures that the given string has enough capacity to take expand_len
+ * more data bytes. The new data part of the String is not initialized.
+ *
+ * current_out must be a pointer within the data part of the String object.
+ * This pointer is returned and possibly adjusted, because the location of the data
+ * part of the String can change through this function.
+ *
+ * PG_RB_STR_ENSURE_CAPA can be used to do fast inline checks of the remaining capacity.
+ * end_capa it is then set to the first byte after the currently reserved memory,
+ * if not NULL.
+ *
+ * Before the String can be used with other string functions or returned to Ruby space,
+ * the string length has to be set with rb_str_set_len().
+ *
+ * Usage example:
+ *
+ *   VALUE string;
+ *   char *current_out, *end_capa;
+ *   PG_RB_STR_NEW( string, current_out, end_capa );
+ *   while( data_is_going_to_be_processed ){
+ *     PG_RB_STR_ENSURE_CAPA( string, 2, current_out, end_capa );
+ *     *current_out++ = databyte1;
+ *     *current_out++ = databyte2;
+ *   }
+ *   rb_str_set_len( string, current_out - RSTRING_PTR(string) );
+ *
+ */
+char *
+pg_rb_str_ensure_capa( VALUE str, long expand_len, char *curr_ptr, char **end_ptr )
+{
+	long curr_len = curr_ptr - RSTRING_PTR(str);
+	long curr_capa = rb_str_capacity( str );
+	if( curr_capa < curr_len + expand_len ){
+		rb_str_set_len( str, curr_len );
+		rb_str_modify_expand( str, (curr_len + expand_len) * 2 - curr_capa );
+		curr_ptr = RSTRING_PTR(str) + curr_len;
+	}
+	if( end_ptr )
+		*end_ptr = RSTRING_PTR(str) + rb_str_capacity( str );
+	return curr_ptr;
+}
+
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ * Module Methods
+ **************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   PG.library_version -> Integer
+ *
+ * Get the version of the libpq library in use. The number is formed by
+ * converting the major, minor, and revision numbers into two-decimal-
+ * digit numbers and appending them together.
+ * For example, version 7.4.2 will be returned as 70402, and version
+ * 8.1 will be returned as 80100 (leading zeroes are not shown). Zero
+ * is returned if the connection is bad.
+ */
+static VALUE
+pg_s_library_version(VALUE self)
+{
+	UNUSED( self );
+	return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion());
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    PG.isthreadsafe            -> Boolean
+ *    PG.is_threadsafe?          -> Boolean
+ *    PG.threadsafe?             -> Boolean
+ *
+ * Returns +true+ if libpq is thread-safe, +false+ otherwise.
+ */
+static VALUE
+pg_s_threadsafe_p(VALUE self)
+{
+	UNUSED( self );
+	return PQisthreadsafe() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static int
+pg_to_bool_int(VALUE value)
+{
+	switch( TYPE(value) ){
+		case T_FALSE:
+			return 0;
+		case T_TRUE:
+			return 1;
+		default:
+			return NUM2INT(value);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    PG.init_openssl(do_ssl, do_crypto)  -> nil
+ *
+ * Allows applications to select which security libraries to initialize.
+ *
+ * If your application initializes libssl and/or libcrypto libraries and libpq is
+ * built with SSL support, you should call PG.init_openssl() to tell libpq that the
+ * libssl and/or libcrypto libraries have been initialized by your application,
+ * so that libpq will not also initialize those libraries.
+ *
+ * When do_ssl is +true+, libpq will initialize the OpenSSL library before first
+ * opening a database connection. When do_crypto is +true+, the libcrypto library
+ * will be initialized. By default (if PG.init_openssl() is not called), both libraries
+ * are initialized. When SSL support is not compiled in, this function is present but does nothing.
+ *
+ * If your application uses and initializes either OpenSSL or its underlying libcrypto library,
+ * you must call this function with +false+ for the appropriate parameter(s) before first opening
+ * a database connection. Also be sure that you have done that initialization before opening a
+ * database connection.
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+pg_s_init_openssl(VALUE self, VALUE do_ssl, VALUE do_crypto)
+{
+	UNUSED( self );
+	PQinitOpenSSL(pg_to_bool_int(do_ssl), pg_to_bool_int(do_crypto));
+	return Qnil;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *    PG.init_ssl(do_ssl)  -> nil
+ *
+ * Allows applications to select which security libraries to initialize.
+ *
+ * This function is equivalent to <tt>PG.init_openssl(do_ssl, do_ssl)</tt> . It is sufficient for
+ * applications that initialize both or neither of OpenSSL and libcrypto.
+ */
+static VALUE
+pg_s_init_ssl(VALUE self, VALUE do_ssl)
+{
+	UNUSED( self );
+	PQinitSSL(pg_to_bool_int(do_ssl));
+	return Qnil;
+}
+
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ * Initializer
+ **************************************************************************/
+
+void
+Init_pg_ext(void)
+{
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
+	rb_ext_ractor_safe(PQisthreadsafe());
+#endif
+
+	if( RTEST(rb_eval_string("ENV['PG_SKIP_DEPRECATION_WARNING']")) ){
+		/* Set all bits to disable all deprecation warnings. */
+		pg_skip_deprecation_warning = 0xFFFF;
+	} else {
+		pg_skip_deprecation_warning = 0;
+	}
+
+	rb_mPG = rb_define_module( "YugabyteYSQL" );
+	rb_mPGconstants = rb_define_module_under( rb_mPG, "Constants" );
+
+	/*************************
+	 *  PG module methods
+	 *************************/
+	rb_define_singleton_method( rb_mPG, "library_version", pg_s_library_version, 0 );
+	rb_define_singleton_method( rb_mPG, "isthreadsafe", pg_s_threadsafe_p, 0 );
+	SINGLETON_ALIAS( rb_mPG, "is_threadsafe?", "isthreadsafe" );
+	SINGLETON_ALIAS( rb_mPG, "threadsafe?", "isthreadsafe" );
+
+	rb_define_singleton_method( rb_mPG, "init_openssl", pg_s_init_openssl, 2 );
+	rb_define_singleton_method( rb_mPG, "init_ssl", pg_s_init_ssl, 1 );
+
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Connection Status     ******/
+
+	/* Connection succeeded */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_OK", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_OK));
+	/* Connection failed */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_BAD", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_BAD));
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Nonblocking connection status     ******/
+
+	/* Waiting for connection to be made. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_STARTED", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_STARTED));
+	/* Connection OK; waiting to send. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_MADE", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_MADE));
+	/* Waiting for a response from the server. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE));
+	/* Received authentication; waiting for backend startup. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_AUTH_OK", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_AUTH_OK));
+	/* This state is no longer used. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_SETENV", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_SETENV));
+	/* Negotiating SSL encryption. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP));
+	/* Internal state - PG.connect() needed. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_NEEDED", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_NEEDED));
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 10
+	/* Checking if session is read-write. Available since PostgreSQL-10. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_CHECK_WRITABLE", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_CHECK_WRITABLE));
+#endif
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 10
+	/* Consuming any extra messages. Available since PostgreSQL-10. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_CONSUME", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_CONSUME));
+#endif
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 12
+	/* Negotiating GSSAPI. Available since PostgreSQL-12. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP));
+#endif
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 13
+	/* Checking target server properties. Available since PostgreSQL-13. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_CHECK_TARGET", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_CHECK_TARGET));
+#endif
+#if PG_MAJORVERSION_NUM >= 14
+	/* Checking if server is in standby mode. Available since PostgreSQL-14. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_CHECK_STANDBY", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_CHECK_STANDBY));
+#endif
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Nonblocking connection polling status     ******/
+
+	/* Async connection is waiting to read */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_POLLING_READING", INT2FIX(PGRES_POLLING_READING));
+	/* Async connection is waiting to write */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_POLLING_WRITING", INT2FIX(PGRES_POLLING_WRITING));
+	/* Async connection failed or was reset */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_POLLING_FAILED", INT2FIX(PGRES_POLLING_FAILED));
+	/* Async connection succeeded */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_POLLING_OK", INT2FIX(PGRES_POLLING_OK));
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Transaction Status     ******/
+
+	/* Transaction is currently idle ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_IDLE", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_IDLE));
+	/* Transaction is currently active; query has been sent to the server, but not yet completed. ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_ACTIVE", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_ACTIVE));
+	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a valid transaction block ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_INTRANS", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_INTRANS));
+	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a failed transaction block ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_INERROR", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_INERROR));
+	/* Transaction's connection is bad ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_UNKNOWN", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_UNKNOWN));
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Error Verbosity     ******/
+
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * In TERSE mode, returned messages include severity, primary text, and position only; this will normally fit on a single line. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_TERSE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_TERSE));
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The DEFAULT mode produces messages that include the above plus any detail, hint, or context fields (these might span multiple lines). */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_DEFAULT", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_DEFAULT));
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The VERBOSE mode includes all available fields. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_VERBOSE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_VERBOSE));
+
+/* PQERRORS_SQLSTATE was introduced in PG-12 together with PQresultMemorySize() */
+#ifdef HAVE_PQRESULTMEMORYSIZE
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The SQLSTATE mode includes only the error severity and the SQLSTATE error code, if one is available (if not, the output is like TERSE mode).
+	 *
+	 * Available since PostgreSQL-12.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_SQLSTATE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_SQLSTATE));
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PQRESULTVERBOSEERRORMESSAGE
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_NEVER", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_NEVER));
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS));
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ALWAYS", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ALWAYS));
+#endif
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Check Server Status ******/
+
+	/* Server is accepting connections. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_OK", INT2FIX(PQPING_OK));
+	/* Server is alive but rejecting connections. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_REJECT", INT2FIX(PQPING_REJECT));
+	/* Could not establish connection. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_RESPONSE));
+	/* Connection not attempted (bad params). */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT));
+
+	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Large Objects     ******/
+
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_creat, Connection#lo_open -- open for writing */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "INV_WRITE", INT2FIX(INV_WRITE));
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_creat, Connection#lo_open -- open for reading */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "INV_READ", INT2FIX(INV_READ));
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from object start */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_SET", INT2FIX(SEEK_SET));
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from current position */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_CUR", INT2FIX(SEEK_CUR));
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from object end */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_END", INT2FIX(SEEK_END));
+
+	/******     PG::Result CONSTANTS: result status      ******/
+
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The string sent to the server was empty. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY", INT2FIX(PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Successful completion of a command returning no data. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COMMAND_OK", INT2FIX(PGRES_COMMAND_OK));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Successful completion of a command returning data (such as a SELECT or SHOW). */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_TUPLES_OK", INT2FIX(PGRES_TUPLES_OK));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy Out (from server) data transfer started. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_OUT", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_OUT));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy In (to server) data transfer started. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_IN", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_IN));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The server’s response was not understood. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - A nonfatal error (a notice or warning) occurred. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR",INT2FIX(PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - A fatal error occurred. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_FATAL_ERROR", INT2FIX(PGRES_FATAL_ERROR));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy In/Out data transfer in progress. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_BOTH", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_BOTH));
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Single tuple from larger resultset. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE", INT2FIX(PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE));
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PQENTERPIPELINEMODE
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The PG::Result represents a synchronization point in pipeline mode, requested by Connection#pipeline_sync.
+	 *
+	 * This status occurs only when pipeline mode has been selected. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_PIPELINE_SYNC", INT2FIX(PGRES_PIPELINE_SYNC));
+
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The PG::Result represents a pipeline that has received an error from the server.
+	 *
+	 * Connection#get_result must be called repeatedly, and each time it will return this status code until the end of the current pipeline, at which point it will return PG::PGRES_PIPELINE_SYNC and normal processing can resume.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_PIPELINE_ABORTED", INT2FIX(PGRES_PIPELINE_ABORTED));
+#endif
+
+	/******     Result CONSTANTS: result error field codes      ******/
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The severity; the field contents are ERROR, FATAL, or PANIC (in an error message), or WARNING, NOTICE, DEBUG, INFO, or LOG (in a notice message), or a localized translation
+	 * of one of these.
+	 * Always present.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SEVERITY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SEVERITY));
+
+#ifdef PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The severity; the field contents are ERROR, FATAL, or PANIC (in an error message), or WARNING, NOTICE, DEBUG, INFO, or LOG (in a notice message).
+	 * This is identical to the PG_DIAG_SEVERITY field except that the contents are never localized.
+	 *
+	 * Available since PostgreSQL-9.6
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED));
+#endif
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The SQLSTATE code for the error.
+	 * The SQLSTATE code identies the type of error that has occurred; it can be used by front-end applications to perform specific operations (such as error handling) in response to a particular database error.
+	 * For a list of the possible SQLSTATE codes, see Appendix A.
+	 * This field is not localizable, and is always present.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The primary human-readable error message (typically one line).
+	 * Always present. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * Detail: an optional secondary error message carrying more detail about the problem.
+	 * Might run to multiple lines.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_DETAIL", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_DETAIL));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * Hint: an optional suggestion what to do about the problem.
+	 * This is intended to differ from detail in that it offers advice (potentially inappropriate) rather than hard facts.
+	 * Might run to multiple lines.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_HINT", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_HINT));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * A string containing a decimal integer indicating an error cursor position as an index into the original statement string.
+	 *
+	 * The first character has index 1, and positions are measured in characters not bytes.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * This is defined the same as the PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION field, but it is used when the cursor position refers to an internally generated command rather than the one submitted by the client.
+	 * The PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY field will always appear when this field appears.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_POSITION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_POSITION));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The text of a failed internally-generated command.
+	 * This could be, for example, a SQL query issued by a PL/pgSQL function.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * An indication of the context in which the error occurred.
+	 * Presently this includes a call stack traceback of active procedural language functions and internally-generated queries.
+	 * The trace is one entry per line, most recent first.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_CONTEXT", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_CONTEXT));
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The file name of the source-code location where the error was reported. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FILE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FILE));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The line number of the source-code location where the error was reported. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_LINE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_LINE));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The name of the source-code function reporting the error. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION));
+
+#ifdef PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific database object, the name of the schema containing that object, if any. */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific table, the name of the table.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema name field provides the name of the table's schema.) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific table column, the name of the column.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema and table name fields identify the table.) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_COLUMN_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_COLUMN_NAME));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific datatype, the name of the datatype.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema name field provides the name of the datatype's schema.) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_DATATYPE_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_DATATYPE_NAME));
+
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific constraint, the name of the constraint.
+	 * The table or domain that the constraint belongs to is reported using the fields listed above.
+	 * (For this purpose, indexes are treated as constraints, even if they weren't created with constraint syntax.) */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_CONSTRAINT_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_CONSTRAINT_NAME));
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PQENTERPIPELINEMODE
+	/* Connection#pipeline_status constant
+	 *
+	 * The libpq connection is in pipeline mode.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQ_PIPELINE_ON", INT2FIX(PQ_PIPELINE_ON));
+
+	/* Connection#pipeline_status constant
+	 *
+	 * The libpq connection is not in pipeline mode.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQ_PIPELINE_OFF", INT2FIX(PQ_PIPELINE_OFF));
+
+	/* Connection#pipeline_status constant
+	 *
+	 * The libpq connection is in pipeline mode and an error occurred while processing the current pipeline.
+	 * The aborted flag is cleared when PQgetResult returns a result of type PGRES_PIPELINE_SYNC.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQ_PIPELINE_ABORTED", INT2FIX(PQ_PIPELINE_ABORTED));
+#endif
+
+	/* Invalid OID constant */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "INVALID_OID", INT2FIX(InvalidOid));
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "InvalidOid", INT2FIX(InvalidOid));
+
+	/* PostgreSQL compiled in default port */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "DEF_PGPORT", INT2FIX(DEF_PGPORT));
+
+	/* Add the constants to the toplevel namespace */
+	rb_include_module( rb_mPG, rb_mPGconstants );
+
+	/* Initialize the main extension classes */
+	init_pg_connection();
+	init_pg_result();
+	init_pg_errors();
+	init_pg_type_map();
+	init_pg_type_map_all_strings();
+	init_pg_type_map_by_class();
+	init_pg_type_map_by_column();
+	init_pg_type_map_by_mri_type();
+	init_pg_type_map_by_oid();
+	init_pg_type_map_in_ruby();
+	init_pg_coder();
+	init_pg_text_encoder();
+	init_pg_text_decoder();
+	init_pg_binary_encoder();
+	init_pg_binary_decoder();
+	init_pg_copycoder();
+	init_pg_recordcoder();
+	init_pg_tuple();
+}