wxruby3 0.9.8 → 1.0.1

data/samples/drawing/drawing.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2276 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2023 M.J.N. Corino = self.next_id The Netherlands
+#
+# This software is released under the MIT license.
+#
+# Adapted for wxRuby from wxWidgets widgets sample
+# Copyright (c) Robert Roebling
+
+require 'wx'
+
+module Drawing
+
+  DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA = %w[WXGTK WXOSX].include?(Wx::PLATFORM)
+
+  module ID
+    include Wx::IDHelper
+
+    # menu items
+    File_Quit = Wx::ID_EXIT
+    File_About = Wx::ID_ABOUT
+
+    MenuShow_First = self.next_id(Wx::ID_HIGHEST)
+    File_ShowDefault = MenuShow_First
+    File_ShowText = self.next_id
+    File_ShowLines = self.next_id
+    File_ShowBrushes = self.next_id
+    File_ShowPolygons = self.next_id
+    File_ShowMask = self.next_id
+    File_ShowMaskStretch = self.next_id
+    File_ShowOps = self.next_id
+    File_ShowRegions = self.next_id
+    File_ShowCircles = self.next_id
+    File_ShowSplines = self.next_id
+    File_ShowAlpha = self.next_id
+    File_ShowGraphics = self.next_id
+    File_ShowSystemColours = self.next_id
+    File_ShowDatabaseColours = self.next_id
+    File_ShowGradients = self.next_id
+    MenuShow_Last = File_ShowGradients
+
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+      File_DC = self.next_id
+      File_GC_Default = self.next_id
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_CAIRO)
+        File_GC_Cairo = self.next_id
+      end # USE_CAIRO
+      if Wx::PLATFORM == 'WXMSW'
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_GDIPLUS)
+          File_GC_GDIPlus = self.next_id
+        end
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_DIRECT2D)
+          File_GC_Direct2D = self.next_id
+        end
+      end # WXMSW
+    end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+    File_BBox = self.next_id
+    File_Clip = self.next_id
+    File_Buffer = self.next_id
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+      File_AntiAliasing = self.next_id
+    end
+    File_Copy = self.next_id
+    File_Save = self.next_id
+
+    MenuOption_First = self.next_id
+
+    MapMode_Text = MenuOption_First
+    MapMode_Lometric = self.next_id
+    MapMode_Twips = self.next_id
+    MapMode_Points = self.next_id
+    MapMode_Metric = self.next_id
+
+    UserScale_StretchHoriz = self.next_id
+    UserScale_ShrinkHoriz = self.next_id
+    UserScale_StretchVertic = self.next_id
+    UserScale_ShrinkVertic = self.next_id
+    UserScale_Restore = self.next_id
+
+    AxisMirror_Horiz = self.next_id
+    AxisMirror_Vertic = self.next_id
+
+    LogicalOrigin_MoveDown = self.next_id
+    LogicalOrigin_MoveUp = self.next_id
+    LogicalOrigin_MoveLeft = self.next_id
+    LogicalOrigin_MoveRight = self.next_id
+    LogicalOrigin_Set = self.next_id
+    LogicalOrigin_Restore = self.next_id
+
+    TransformMatrix_Set = self.next_id
+    TransformMatrix_Reset = self.next_id
+
+    Colour_TextForeground = self.next_id
+    Colour_TextBackground = self.next_id
+    Colour_Background = self.next_id
+    Colour_BackgroundMode = self.next_id
+    Colour_TextureBackground = self.next_id
+
+    MenuOption_Last = Colour_TextureBackground
+  end
+
+  class MyCanvas < Wx::ScrolledWindow
+
+    class DrawMode < Wx::Enum
+      Draw_Normal = self.new(0)
+      Draw_Stretch = self.new(1)
+    end
+
+    def initialize(parent)
+      super(parent, Wx::ID_ANY, style: Wx::HSCROLL | Wx::VSCROLL)
+
+      @owner = parent
+      @show = ID::File_ShowDefault
+      @smile_bmp = Wx.Bitmap(:smile)
+      @std_icon = Wx::ArtProvider.get_icon(Wx::ART_INFORMATION)
+      @clip = false
+      @rubberBand = false
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        @renderer = nil
+        @useAntiAliasing = true
+      end
+      @useBuffer = false
+      @showBBox = false
+      @sizeDIP = Wx::Size.new
+      @currentpoint = Wx::Point.new
+      @anchorpoint = Wx::Point.new
+      @overlay = Wx::Overlay.new
+      
+      evt_paint :on_paint
+      evt_motion :on_mouse_move
+      evt_left_down :on_mouse_down
+      evt_left_up :on_mouse_up
+    end
+
+    def on_paint(_event)
+      if @useBuffer
+        Wx::BufferedPaintDC.draw_on(self) { |bpdc| draw(bpdc) }
+      else
+        self.paint { |pdc| draw(pdc) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def on_mouse_move(event)
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_STATUSBAR)
+        Wx::ClientDC.draw_on(self) do |dc|
+          prepare_dc(dc)
+          @owner.prepare_dc(dc)
+  
+          pos = dc.device_to_logical(event.position)
+          dipPos = dc.to_dip(pos)
+          str = "Mouse position: #{pos.x},#{pos.y}"
+          str << " DIP position: #{dipPos.x},#{dipPos.y}" if  pos != dipPos
+          @owner.set_status_text(str)
+        end
+  
+        if @rubberBand
+          @currentpoint = calc_unscrolled_position(event.position)
+          newrect = Wx::Rect.new(@anchorpoint, @currentpoint)
+
+          Wx::ClientDC.draw_on(self) do |dc|
+            prepare_dc(dc)
+
+            Wx::DCOverlay.draw_on(@overlay, dc) { |overlaydc| overlaydc.clear }
+
+            if Wx::PLATFORM == 'WXMAC'
+              dc.set_pen(Wx::GREY_PEN )
+              dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(192,192,192,64)))
+            else
+              dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::LIGHT_GREY, 2))
+              dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+            end
+            dc.draw_rectangle(newrect)
+          end
+        end
+      end # USE_STATUSBAR
+    end
+
+    def on_mouse_down(event)
+      @anchorpoint = calc_unscrolled_position(event.position)
+      @currentpoint = @anchorpoint
+      @rubberBand = true
+      capture_mouse
+    end
+
+    def on_mouse_up(event)
+      if @rubberBand
+        release_mouse
+        Wx::ClientDC.draw_on(self) do |dc|
+          prepare_dc(dc)
+          Wx::DCOverlay.draw_on(@overlay, dc) { |overlaydc| overlaydc.clear }
+        end
+        @overlay.reset
+        @rubberBand = false
+
+        endpoint = calc_unscrolled_position(event.position)
+
+        # Don't pop up the message box if nothing was actually selected.
+        if endpoint != @anchorpoint
+          Wx.log_message('Selected rectangle from (%d, %d) to (%d, %d)',
+                         @anchorpoint.x, @anchorpoint.y,
+                         endpoint.x, endpoint.y)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_show(show)
+      @show = show
+      refresh
+    end
+
+    def get_page
+      @show
+    end
+
+    # set or remove the clipping region
+    def clip(clip)
+      @clip = clip
+      refresh
+    end
+
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+
+      def has_renderer
+        !!@renderer
+      end
+
+      def use_graphic_renderer(renderer)
+        @renderer = renderer
+        if renderer
+          major, minor, micro = renderer.get_version
+          str = 'Graphics renderer: %s %i.%i.%i' % [renderer.get_name, major, minor, micro]
+          @owner.set_status_text(str, 1)
+        else
+          @owner.set_status_text('', 1)
+        end
+    
+        refresh
+      end
+
+      def is_default_renderer
+        return false unless @renderer
+        @renderer == Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_default_renderer
+      end
+
+      def get_renderer
+        @renderer
+      end
+
+      def enable_anti_aliasing(use)
+        @use_anti_aliasing = use
+        refresh
+      end
+
+    end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+
+    def use_buffer(use)
+      @useBuffer = use
+      refresh
+    end
+
+    def show_bounding_box(show)
+      @showBBox = show
+      refresh
+    end
+
+    def get_dip_drawing_size
+      @sizeDIP
+    end
+
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+      def draw(pdc)
+        if @renderer
+          context = @renderer.create_context(pdc)
+
+          context.set_antialias_mode(@useAntiAliasing ? Wx::ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT : Wx::ANTIALIAS_NONE)
+
+          Wx::GCDC.draw_on do |gdc|
+            gdc.set_background(Wx::Brush.new(get_background_colour))
+            gdc.set_graphics_context(context)
+            # Adjust scrolled contents for screen drawing operations only.
+            if pdc.is_a?(Wx::BufferedPaintDC) || pdc.is_a?(Wx::PaintDC)
+              prepare_dc(gdc)
+            end
+
+            @owner.prepare_dc(gdc)
+
+            do_draw(gdc)
+          end
+        else
+          # Adjust scrolled contents for screen drawing operations only.
+          if pdc.is_a?(Wx::BufferedPaintDC) || pdc.is_a?(Wx::PaintDC)
+            prepare_dc(pdc)
+          end
+
+          @owner.prepare_dc(pdc)
+
+          do_draw(pdc)
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      def draw(pdc)
+        # Adjust scrolled contents for screen drawing operations only.
+        if pdc.is_a?(Wx::BufferedPaintDC) || pdc.is_a?(Wx::PaintDC)
+          prepare_dc(pdc)
+        end
+
+        @owner.prepare_dc(pdc)
+
+        do_draw(pdc)
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+    def do_draw(dc)
+      dc.set_background_mode(@owner.backgroundMode)
+      dc.set_background(@owner.backgroundBrush) if @owner.backgroundBrush.ok?
+      dc.set_text_foreground(@owner.colourForeground) if @owner.colourForeground.ok?
+      dc.set_text_background(@owner.colourBackground) if @owner.colourBackground.ok?
+  
+      if @owner.textureBackground
+        unless @owner.backgroundBrush.ok?
+          dc.set_background(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(0, 128, 0)))
+        end
+      end
+  
+      if @clip
+        dc.set_clipping_region([dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(100)],
+                               [dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(100)])
+      end
+  
+      dc.clear
+  
+      if @owner.textureBackground
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::MEDIUM_GREY_PEN)
+        200.times { |i| dc.draw_line(0, dc.from_dip(i*10), dc.from_dip(i*10), 0) }
+      end
+
+      case @show
+      when ID::File_ShowDefault
+        draw_default(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowCircles
+        draw_circles(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowSplines
+        draw_splines(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowRegions
+        draw_regions(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowText
+        draw_text(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowLines
+        draw_test_lines(0, 100, 0, dc)
+        draw_test_lines(0, 320, 1, dc)
+        draw_test_lines(0, 540, 2, dc)
+        draw_test_lines(0, 760, 6, dc)
+        draw_cross_hair(0, 0, 400, 90, dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowBrushes
+        draw_test_brushes(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowPolygons
+        draw_test_poly(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowMask
+        draw_images(dc, DrawMode::Draw_Normal)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowMaskStretch
+        draw_images(dc, DrawMode::Draw_Stretch)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowOps
+        draw_with_logical_ops(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowAlpha
+        draw_alpha(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowGraphics
+        draw_graphics(dc.get_graphics_context) if dc.is_a?(Wx::GCDC)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowGradients
+        draw_gradients(dc)
+
+      when ID::File_ShowSystemColours
+        draw_system_colours(dc)
+
+      end
+  
+      # For drawing with raw Wx::GraphicsContext
+      # there is no bounding box to obtain.
+      if @showBBox && !(Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT) && @show == ID::File_ShowGraphics)
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::Colour.new(0, 128, 0), 1, Wx::PENSTYLE_DOT))
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+        dc.draw_rectangle(dc.min_x, dc.min_y, dc.max_x-dc.min_x+1, dc.max_y-dc.min_y+1)
+      end
+  
+      # Adjust drawing area dimensions only if screen drawing is invoked.
+      if dc.is_a?(Wx::BufferedPaintDC) || dc.is_a?(Wx::PaintDC)
+          x0, y0 = dc.get_device_origin
+          @sizeDIP.x = dc.to_dip(dc.logical_to_device_x(dc.max_x) - x0) + 1
+          @sizeDIP.y = dc.to_dip(dc.logical_to_device_y(dc.max_y) - y0) + 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_test_lines(x, y, width, dc)
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width))
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_text("Testing lines of width #{width}", dc.from_dip(x + 10), dc.from_dip(y - 10))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(x + 10), dc.from_dip(y + 10), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(190))
+  
+      dc.draw_text("Solid/dot/short dash/long dash/dot dash", dc.from_dip(x + 150), dc.from_dip(y + 10))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width ) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 20), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 20))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_DOT) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 30), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 30))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_SHORT_DASH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 40), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 40))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_LONG_DASH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 50), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 50))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_DOT_DASH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 60), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 60))
+  
+      dc.draw_text("Hatches", dc.from_dip(x + 150), dc.from_dip(y + 70))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_BDIAGONAL_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 70), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 70))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_CROSSDIAG_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 80), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 80))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_FDIAGONAL_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 90), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 90))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_CROSS_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 100), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 100))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_HORIZONTAL_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 110), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 110))
+      dc.set_pen( Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_VERTICAL_HATCH) )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 120), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 120))
+  
+      dc.draw_text("User dash", dc.from_dip(x + 150), dc.from_dip(y + 140))
+      ud = Wx::Pen.new( Wx::BLACK, width, Wx::PENSTYLE_USER_DASH )
+      dash1 = [
+        8,  # Long dash  <---------+
+        2,  # Short gap            |
+        3,  # Short dash           |
+        2,  # Short gap            |
+        3,  # Short dash           |
+        2]  # Short gap and repeat +
+      ud.set_dashes(dash1)
+      dc.set_pen( ud )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 140), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 140))
+      dash1[0] = 5  # Make first dash shorter
+      ud.set_dashes( dash1 )
+      dc.set_pen( ud )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 150), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 150))
+      dash1[2] = 5  # Make second dash longer
+      ud.set_dashes( dash1 )
+      dc.set_pen( ud )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 160), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 160))
+      dash1[4] = 5  # Make third dash longer
+      ud.set_dashes( dash1 )
+      dc.set_pen( ud )
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 20), dc.from_dip(y + 170), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(y + 170))
+  
+      penWithCap = Wx::Pen.new(Wx::BLACK, width)
+      dc.set_pen(penWithCap)
+      dc.draw_text("Default cap", dc.from_dip(x + 270), dc.from_dip(y + 40))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 200), dc.from_dip(y + 50), dc.from_dip(x + 250), dc.from_dip(y + 50))
+  
+      penWithCap.set_cap(Wx::CAP_BUTT)
+      dc.set_pen(penWithCap)
+      dc.draw_text("Butt ", dc.from_dip(x + 270), dc.from_dip(y + 60))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 200), dc.from_dip(y + 70), dc.from_dip(x + 250), dc.from_dip(y + 70))
+  
+      penWithCap.set_cap(Wx::CAP_ROUND)
+      dc.set_pen(penWithCap)
+      dc.draw_text("Round cap", dc.from_dip(x + 270), dc.from_dip(y + 80))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 200), dc.from_dip(y + 90), dc.from_dip(x + 250), dc.from_dip(y + 90))
+  
+      penWithCap.set_cap(Wx::CAP_PROJECTING)
+      dc.set_pen(penWithCap)
+      dc.draw_text("Projecting cap", dc.from_dip(x + 270), dc.from_dip(y + 100))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(x + 200), dc.from_dip(y + 110), dc.from_dip(x + 250), dc.from_dip(y + 110))
+    end
+
+    def draw_cross_hair(x, y, width, height, dc)
+      dc.draw_text("Cross hair", dc.from_dip(x + 10), dc.from_dip(y + 10))
+      dc.set_clipping_region(dc.from_dip(x), dc.from_dip(y), dc.from_dip(width), dc.from_dip(height))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::BLUE, 2))
+      dc.cross_hair(dc.from_dip(x + width / 2), dc.from_dip(y + height / 2))
+      dc.destroy_clipping_region
+    end
+
+    def draw_test_poly(dc)
+      brushHatch = Wx::Brush.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_FDIAGONAL_HATCH)
+      dc.set_brush(brushHatch)
+  
+      star = [
+        dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(100, 60)),
+        dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(60, 150)),
+        dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(160, 100)),
+        dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(40, 100)),
+        dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(140, 150))]
+  
+      dc.draw_text("You should see two (irregular) stars below, the left one hatched",
+                   dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("except for the central region and the right one entirely hatched",
+                   dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(30))
+      dc.draw_text("The third star only has a hatched outline", dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(50))
+  
+      dc.draw_polygon(star, 0, dc.from_dip(30))
+      dc.draw_polygon(star, dc.from_dip(160), dc.from_dip(30), Wx::WINDING_RULE)
+  
+      brushHatchGreen = Wx::Brush.new(Wx::GREEN, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_FDIAGONAL_HATCH)
+      dc.set_brush(brushHatchGreen)
+      star2 = [
+        [dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(0, 100)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(-59, -81)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(95, 31)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(-95, 31)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(59, -81))],
+        [dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(0, 80)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(-47, -64)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(76, 24)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(-76, 24)),
+         dc.from_dip(Wx::Point.new(47, -64))]]
+
+      dc.draw_poly_polygon(star2, dc.from_dip(450), dc.from_dip(150))
+    end
+
+    def draw_test_brushes(dc)
+      _WIDTH = dc.from_dip(200)
+      _HEIGHT = dc.from_dip(80)
+  
+      x = dc.from_dip(10)
+      y = dc.from_dip(10)
+      o = dc.from_dip(10)
+  
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::GREEN_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Solid green", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_CROSSDIAG_HATCH))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Diagonally hatched red", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::BLUE, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_CROSS_HATCH))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Cross hatched blue", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::CYAN, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_VERTICAL_HATCH))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Vertically hatched cyan", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::BLACK, Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_HORIZONTAL_HATCH))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Horizontally hatched black", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpMask]))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Stipple mono", x + o, y + o)
+  
+      y += _HEIGHT
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpNoMask]))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, _WIDTH, _HEIGHT)
+      dc.draw_text("Stipple colour", x + o, y + o)
+    end
+
+    def draw_text(dc)
+      # set underlined font for testing
+      dc.set_font(Wx::FontInfo.new(12).family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_MODERN).underlined)
+      dc.draw_text("This is text", dc.from_dip(110), dc.from_dip(10) )
+      dc.draw_rotated_text("That is text", dc.from_dip(20), dc.from_dip(10), -45)
+
+      # use wxSWISS_FONT and not wxNORMAL_FONT as the latter can't be rotated
+      # under MSW (it is not TrueType)
+      dc.set_font(Wx::SWISS_FONT)
+
+      dc.set_background_mode(Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_TRANSPARENT)
+
+      (-180..180).step(30) do |n|
+        text = "     #{n} rotated text"
+        dc.draw_rotated_text(text , dc.from_dip(400), dc.from_dip(400), n)
+      end
+
+      dc.set_font(Wx::FontInfo.new(18).family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_SWISS))
+
+      dc.draw_text("This is Swiss 18pt text.", dc.from_dip(110), dc.from_dip(40))
+
+      length, height, descent = dc.get_text_extent("This is Swiss 18pt text.")
+      text = "Dimensions are length #{length}, height #{height}, descent #{descent}"
+      dc.draw_text(text, dc.from_dip(110), dc.from_dip(80))
+
+      text = "CharHeight() returns: #{dc.get_char_height}"
+      dc.draw_text(text, dc.from_dip(110), dc.from_dip(120))
+
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(40), dc.from_dip(4), dc.from_dip(height))
+
+      # test the logical function effect
+      y = dc.from_dip(150)
+      dc.set_logical_function(Wx::INVERT)
+      # text drawing should ignore logical function
+      dc.draw_text("There should be a text below", dc.from_dip(110), y)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(110), y, dc.from_dip(100), height)
+
+      y += height
+      dc.draw_text("Visible text", dc.from_dip(110), y)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(110), y, dc.from_dip(100), height)
+      dc.draw_text("Visible text", dc.from_dip(110), y)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(110), y, dc.from_dip(100), height)
+      dc.set_logical_function(Wx::COPY)
+
+      y += height
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(110), y, dc.from_dip(100), height)
+      dc.draw_text("Another visible text", dc.from_dip(110), y)
+
+      y += height
+      dc.draw_text("And\nmore\ntext on\nmultiple\nlines", dc.from_dip(110), y)
+      y += 5*height
+
+      dc.set_text_foreground(Wx::BLUE)
+      dc.draw_rotated_text("Rotated text\ncan have\nmultiple lines\nas well", dc.from_dip(110), y, 15)
+
+      y += 7*height
+      dc.set_font(Wx::FontInfo.new(12).family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_TELETYPE))
+      dc.set_text_foreground(Wx::Colour.new(150, 75, 0))
+      dc.draw_text("And some text with tab characters:\n123456789012345678901234567890\n\taa\tbbb\tcccc", dc.from_dip(10), y)
+    end
+
+    RASTER_OPERATIONS = [
+         ["Wx::AND",          Wx::AND           ],
+         ["Wx::AND_INVERT",   Wx::AND_INVERT    ],
+         ["Wx::AND_REVERSE",  Wx::AND_REVERSE   ],
+         ["Wx::CLEAR",        Wx::CLEAR         ],
+         ["Wx::COPY",         Wx::COPY          ],
+         ["Wx::EQUIV",        Wx::EQUIV         ],
+         ["Wx::INVERT",       Wx::INVERT        ],
+         ["Wx::NAND",         Wx::NAND          ],
+         ["Wx::NO_OP",        Wx::NO_OP         ],
+         ["Wx::OR",           Wx::OR            ],
+         ["Wx::OR_INVERT",    Wx::OR_INVERT     ],
+         ["Wx::OR_REVERSE",   Wx::OR_REVERSE    ],
+         ["Wx::SET",          Wx::SET           ],
+         ["Wx::SRC_INVERT",   Wx::SRC_INVERT    ],
+         ["Wx::XOR",          Wx::XOR           ],
+      ]
+    
+    def draw_images(dc, mode)
+      dc.draw_text("original image", 0, 0)
+      dc.draw_bitmap(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpNoMask], 0, dc.from_dip(20), false)
+      dc.draw_text("with colour mask", 0, dc.from_dip(100))
+      dc.draw_bitmap(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpWithColMask], 0, dc.from_dip(120), true)
+      dc.draw_text("the mask image", 0, dc.from_dip(200))
+      dc.draw_bitmap(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpMask], 0, dc.from_dip(220), false)
+      dc.draw_text("masked image", 0, dc.from_dip(300))
+      dc.draw_bitmap(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpWithMask], 0, dc.from_dip(320), true)
+  
+      cx = Wx.get_app.images[:bmpWithColMask].width
+      cy = Wx.get_app.images[:bmpWithColMask].height
+  
+      Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on do |memDC|
+        RASTER_OPERATIONS.each_with_index do |pair, n|
+          x = dc.from_dip(120) + dc.from_dip(150)*(n%4)
+          y = dc.from_dip(20)  + dc.from_dip(100)*(n/4)
+
+          name, rop = pair
+
+          dc.draw_text(name, x, y - dc.from_dip(20))
+          memDC.select_object(Wx.get_app.images[:bmpWithColMask])
+          if mode == DrawMode::Draw_Stretch
+              dc.stretch_blit(x, y, cx, cy, memDC, 0, 0, cx/2, cy/2,
+                              rop, true)
+          else
+              dc.blit(x, y, cx, cy, memDC, 0, 0, rop, true)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_with_logical_ops(dc)
+      w = dc.from_dip(60)
+      h = dc.from_dip(60)
+  
+      # reuse the text colour here
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(@owner.colourForeground))
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+
+      RASTER_OPERATIONS.each_with_index do |pair, n|
+        x = dc.from_dip(20) + dc.from_dip(150)*(n%4)
+        y = dc.from_dip(20) + dc.from_dip(100)*(n/4)
+
+        name, rop = pair
+
+        dc.draw_text(name, x, y - dc.from_dip(20))
+        dc.set_logical_function(rop)
+        dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, w, h)
+        dc.draw_line(x, y, x + w, y + h)
+        dc.draw_line(x + w, y, x, y + h)
+      end
+  
+      # now some filled rectangles
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(@owner.colourForeground))
+
+      RASTER_OPERATIONS.each_with_index do |pair, n|
+        x = dc.from_dip(20) + dc.from_dip(150)*(n%4)
+        y = dc.from_dip(500) + dc.from_dip(100)*(n/4)
+
+        name, rop = pair
+
+        dc.draw_text(name, x, y - dc.from_dip(20))
+        dc.set_logical_function(rop)
+        dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, w, h)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_alpha(dc)
+      if DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA || Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        margin = dc.from_dip(20)
+        width = dc.from_dip(180)
+        radius = dc.from_dip(30)
+    
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::Colour.new(128, 0, 0 ), 12))
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::RED_BRUSH)
+    
+        r = Wx::Rect.new(margin, margin + width * 2 / 3, width, width)
+    
+        dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(r.x, r.y, r.width, r.width, radius) 
+    
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::Colour.new( 0, 0, 128 ), 12))
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(0, 0, 255, 192)))
+    
+        r.offset!(width * 4 / 5, -width * 2 / 3)
+    
+        dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(r.x, r.y, r.width, r.width, radius)
+    
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::Colour.new( 128, 128, 0 ), 12))
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new( 192, 192, 0, 192)))
+    
+        r.offset!(width * 4 / 5, width / 2)
+    
+        dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(r.x, r.y, r.width, r.width, radius)
+    
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(255,255,128,128) ))
+        dc.draw_rounded_rectangle( 0 , margin + width / 2 , width * 3 , dc.from_dip(100) , radius) 
+    
+        dc.set_text_background(Wx::Colour.new(160, 192, 160, 160))
+        dc.set_text_foreground(Wx::Colour.new(255, 128, 128, 128))
+        dc.set_font(Wx::FontInfo.new(40).family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_SWISS).italic)
+        dc.draw_text("Hello!", dc.from_dip(120), dc.from_dip(80))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_graphics(gc)
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        _BASE = gc.from_dip(80).to_f
+        _BASE2 = _BASE / 2
+        _BASE4 = _BASE / 4
+    
+        font = Wx::SystemSettings.get_font(Wx::SYS_DEFAULT_GUI_FONT)
+        gc.set_font(font,Wx::BLACK)
+    
+        # make a path that contains a circle and some lines, centered at 0,0
+        path = gc.create_path 
+        path.add_circle( 0, 0, _BASE2 )
+        path.move_to_point(0, -_BASE2)
+        path.add_line_to_point(0, _BASE2)
+        path.move_to_point(-_BASE2, 0)
+        path.add_line_to_point(_BASE2, 0)
+        path.close_subpath
+        path.add_rectangle(-_BASE4, -_BASE4/2, _BASE2, _BASE4)
+    
+        # Now use that path to demonstrate various capabilities of the graphics context
+        gc.push_state # save current translation/scale/other state
+        gc.translate(gc.from_dip(60), gc.from_dip(75)) # reposition the context origin
+    
+        gc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new("navy"))
+        gc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(:pink))
+    
+        3.times do |i|
+          case i
+          when 0
+            label = "StrokePath"
+          when 1
+            label = "FillPath"
+          when 2
+            label = "DrawPath"
+          end
+          w, h, _, _ = gc.get_text_extent(label)
+          gc.draw_text(label, -w/2, -_BASE2 - h - gc.from_dip(4))
+          case i
+          when 0
+            gc.stroke_path(path)
+          when 1
+            gc.fill_path(path)
+          when 2
+            gc.draw_path(path)
+          end
+          gc.translate(2*_BASE, 0)
+        end
+    
+        gc.pop_state # restore saved state
+        gc.push_state # save it again
+        gc.translate(gc.from_dip(60), gc.from_dip(200)) # offset to the lower part of the window
+    
+        gc.draw_text("Scale", 0, -_BASE2)
+        gc.translate(0, gc.from_dip(20))
+    
+        gc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(178,  34,  34, 128)))# 128 == half transparent
+        8.times do
+            gc.scale(1.08, 1.08) # increase scale by 8%
+            gc.translate(gc.from_dip(5), gc.from_dip(5))
+            gc.draw_path(path)
+        end
+    
+        gc.pop_state # restore saved state
+        gc.push_state # save it again
+        gc.translate(gc.from_dip(400), gc.from_dip(200))
+    
+        gc.draw_text("Rotate", 0, -_BASE2)
+    
+        # Move the origin over to the next location
+        gc.translate(0, gc.from_dip(75))
+    
+        # draw our path again, rotating it about the central point,
+        # and changing colors as we go
+        (0...360).step(30) do |angle|
+          gc.push_state # save this new current state so we can
+          #  pop back to it at the end of the loop
+          val = Wx::Image::HSVValue.new(angle / 360.0, 1.0, 1.0).to_rgb
+          gc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(val.red, val.green, val.blue, 64)))
+          gc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::Colour.new(val.red, val.green, val.blue, 128)))
+
+          # use translate to artfully reposition each drawn path
+          gc.translate(1.5 * _BASE2 * Math.cos(Wx.deg_to_rad(angle)),
+                       1.5 * _BASE2 * Math.sin(Wx.deg_to_rad(angle)))
+
+          # use Rotate to rotate the path
+          gc.rotate(Wx.deg_to_rad(angle))
+
+          # now draw it
+          gc.draw_path(path)
+          gc.pop_state
+        end
+        gc.pop_state
+    
+        gc.push_state
+        gc.translate(gc.from_dip(60), gc.from_dip(400))
+        label_text = 'Scaled smiley inside a square'
+        gc.draw_text(label_text, 0, 0)
+        # Center a bitmap horizontally
+        textWidth, _, _, _ =  gc.get_text_extent(label_text)
+        rectSize = gc.from_dip(100)
+        x0 = (textWidth - rectSize) / 2
+        gc.draw_rectangle(x0, _BASE2, rectSize, rectSize)
+        gc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x0, _BASE2, rectSize, rectSize)
+        gc.pop_state
+    
+        # Draw graphics bitmap and its sub-bitmap
+        gc.push_state
+        gc.translate(gc.from_dip(300), gc.from_dip(400))
+        gc.draw_text('Smiley as a graphics bitmap', 0, 0)
+    
+        gbmp1 = gc.create_bitmap(@smile_bmp)
+        gc.draw_bitmap(gbmp1, 0, _BASE2, gc.from_dip(50), gc.from_dip(50))
+        bmpw = @smile_bmp.width
+        bmph = @smile_bmp.height
+        gbmp2 = gc.create_sub_bitmap(gbmp1, 0, bmph/5, bmpw/2, bmph/2)
+        gc.draw_bitmap(gbmp2, gc.from_dip(80), _BASE2, gc.from_dip(50), gc.from_dip(50)*(bmph/2)/(bmpw/2))
+        gc.pop_state
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_regions(dc)
+      dc.draw_text("You should see a red rect partly covered by a cyan one "+
+                  "on the left", dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5))
+      dc.draw_text("and 5 smileys from which 4 are partially clipped on the right",
+                  dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5) + dc.get_char_height)
+      dc.draw_text("The second copy should be identical but right part of it "+
+                  "should be offset by 10 pixels.",
+                  dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5) + 2*dc.get_char_height)
+  
+      draw_regions_helper(dc, dc.from_dip(10), true)
+      draw_regions_helper(dc, dc.from_dip(350), false)
+    end
+
+    def draw_circles(dc)
+      x = dc.from_dip(100)
+      y = dc.from_dip(100)
+      r = dc.from_dip(20)
+  
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::GREEN_BRUSH)
+  
+      dc.draw_text("Some circles", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_circle(x, y, r)
+      dc.draw_circle(x + 2*r, y, r)
+      dc.draw_circle(x + 4*r, y, r)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_text("And ellipses", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x - r, y, 2*r, r)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x + r, y, 2*r, r)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x + 3*r, y, 2*r, r)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_text("And arcs", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x - r, y, x + r, y, x, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x + 4*r, y, x + 2*r, y, x + 3*r, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x + 5*r, y, x + 5*r, y, x + 6*r, y)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x - r, y, 2*r, r, 0, 90)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + r, y, 2*r, r, 90, 180)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + 3*r, y, 2*r, r, 180, 270)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + 5*r, y, 2*r, r, 270, 360)
+  
+      # same as above, just transparent brush
+  
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_text("Some circles", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_circle(x, y, r)
+      dc.draw_circle(x + 2*r, y, r)
+      dc.draw_circle(x + 4*r, y, r)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_text("And ellipses", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x - r, y, 2*r, r)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x + r, y, 2*r, r)
+      dc.draw_ellipse(x + 3*r, y, 2*r, r)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_text("And arcs", 0, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x - r, y, x + r, y, x, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x + 4*r, y, x + 2*r, y, x + 3*r, y)
+      dc.draw_arc(x + 5*r, y, x + 5*r, y, x + 6*r, y)
+  
+      y += 2*r
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x - r, y, 2*r, r, 0, 90)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + r, y, 2*r, r, 90, 180)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + 3*r, y, 2*r, r, 180, 270)
+      dc.draw_elliptic_arc(x + 5*r, y, 2*r, r, 270, 360)
+    end
+
+    def draw_splines(dc)
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_SPLINES)
+        dc.draw_text("Some splines", dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5))
+    
+        # values are hardcoded rather than randomly generated
+        # so the output can be compared between native
+        # implementations on platforms with different random
+        # generators
+    
+        _R = dc.from_dip(300)
+        center = Wx::Point.new(_R + dc.from_dip(20), _R + dc.from_dip(20))
+        angles = [ 0, 10, 33, 77, 13, 145, 90 ]
+        radii = [ 100 , 59, 85, 33, 90 ]
+        numPoints = 200
+        pts = ::Array.new(numPoints, nil)
+        # wxPoint pts[numPoints]
+    
+        # background spline calculation
+        radius_pos = 0
+        angle_pos = 0
+        angle = 0
+        numPoints.times do |i|
+          angle += angles[ angle_pos ]
+          r = _R * radii[ radius_pos ] / 100
+          pts[i] = [center.x + (r * Math.cos((angle * Math::PI)/180)).to_i,
+                    center.y + (r * Math.sin((angle * Math::PI)/180)).to_i]
+          angle_pos += 1
+          angle_pos = 0  if angle_pos >= angles.size
+          radius_pos += 1
+          radius_pos = 0 if radius_pos >= radii.size 
+        end
+    
+        # background spline drawing
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+        dc.draw_spline(pts)
+    
+        # less detailed spline calculation
+        letters = ::Array.new(4) { ::Array.new(5) }
+        # w
+        letters[0][0] = Wx::Point.new( 0,1) #  O           O
+        letters[0][1] = Wx::Point.new( 1,3) #   *         *
+        letters[0][2] = Wx::Point.new( 2,2) #    *   O   *
+        letters[0][3] = Wx::Point.new( 3,3) #     * * * *
+        letters[0][4] = Wx::Point.new( 4,1) #      O   O
+        # x1
+        letters[1][0] = Wx::Point.new( 5,1) #  O*O
+        letters[1][1] = Wx::Point.new( 6,1) #     *
+        letters[1][2] = Wx::Point.new( 7,2) #      O
+        letters[1][3] = Wx::Point.new( 8,3) #       *
+        letters[1][4] = Wx::Point.new( 9,3) #        O*O
+        # x2
+        letters[2][0] = Wx::Point.new( 5,3) #        O*O
+        letters[2][1] = Wx::Point.new( 6,3) #       *
+        letters[2][2] = Wx::Point.new( 7,2) #      O
+        letters[2][3] = Wx::Point.new( 8,1) #     *
+        letters[2][4] = Wx::Point.new( 9,1) #  O*O
+        # W
+        letters[3][0] = Wx::Point.new(10,0) #  O           O
+        letters[3][1] = Wx::Point.new(11,3) #   *         *
+        letters[3][2] = Wx::Point.new(12,1) #    *   O   *
+        letters[3][3] = Wx::Point.new(13,3) #     * * * *
+        letters[3][4] = Wx::Point.new(14,0) #      O   O
+
+        dx = 2 * _R / letters[3][4].x
+        h = [ (-_R/2), 0, _R/4, _R/2 ]
+
+        letters.each_with_index do |row, m|
+          row.each_with_index do |pt, n|
+            pt.x = center.x - _R + (pt.x * dx)
+            pt.y = center.y + h[pt.y]
+          end
+
+          dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::BLUE, 1, Wx::PENSTYLE_DOT))
+          dc.draw_lines(letters[m])
+          dc.set_pen(Wx::Pen.new(Wx::BLACK, 4))
+          dc.draw_spline(letters[m])
+        end
+    
+      else
+        dc.draw_text('Splines not supported.', 10, 5)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_default(dc)
+      # Draw circle centered at the origin, then flood fill it with a different
+      # color. Done with a Wx::MemoryDC because Blit (used by generic
+      # Wx.do_flood_fill) from a window that is being painted gives unpredictable
+      # results on WXGTK
+      img = Wx::Image.new(dc.from_dip(21), dc.from_dip(21), false)
+      img.clear(1)
+      bmp = img.to_bitmap
+      Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on(bmp) do |mdc|
+        mdc.set_brush(dc.get_brush)
+        mdc.set_pen(dc.get_pen)
+        mdc.draw_circle(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10))
+        c = Wx::Colour.new
+        if mdc.get_pixel(dc.from_dip(11), dc.from_dip(11), c)
+          mdc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(Wx::Colour.new(128, 128, 0)))
+          mdc.flood_fill(dc.from_dip(11), dc.from_dip(11), c, Wx::FLOOD_SURFACE)
+        end
+      end
+      bmp.set_mask(Wx::Mask.new(bmp, Wx::Colour.new(1, 1, 1)))
+      dc.draw_bitmap(bmp, dc.from_dip(-10), dc.from_dip(-10), true)
+
+      dc.draw_check_mark(dc.from_dip(5), dc.from_dip(80), dc.from_dip(15), dc.from_dip(15))
+      dc.draw_check_mark(dc.from_dip(25), dc.from_dip(80), dc.from_dip(30), dc.from_dip(30))
+      dc.draw_check_mark(dc.from_dip(60), dc.from_dip(80), dc.from_dip(60), dc.from_dip(60))
+  
+      # this is the test for "blitting bitmap into DC damages selected brush" bug
+      rectSize = @std_icon.width + dc.from_dip(10)
+      x = dc.from_dip(100)
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::GREEN_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, dc.from_dip(10), rectSize, rectSize)
+      dc.draw_bitmap(@std_icon.to_bitmap, x + dc.from_dip(5), dc.from_dip(15), true)
+      x += rectSize + dc.from_dip(10)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, dc.from_dip(10), rectSize, rectSize)
+      dc.draw_icon(@std_icon, x + dc.from_dip(5), dc.from_dip(15))
+      x += rectSize + dc.from_dip(10)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, dc.from_dip(10), rectSize, rectSize)
+  
+      # test for "transparent" bitmap drawing (it intersects with the last
+      # rectangle above)
+      #dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+
+      dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + rectSize - dc.from_dip(20), rectSize - dc.from_dip(10), true) if (@smile_bmp.ok?)
+  
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::BLACK_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(0, dc.from_dip(160), dc.from_dip(1000), dc.from_dip(300))
+  
+      # draw lines
+      bitmap = Wx::Bitmap.new(dc.from_dip([20,70]))
+      Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on(bitmap) do |memdc|
+        memdc.set_brush(Wx::BLACK_BRUSH)
+        memdc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+        memdc.draw_rectangle(0, 0, dc.from_dip(20), dc.from_dip(70))
+        memdc.draw_line( dc.from_dip(10), 0, dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(70) )
+    
+        # to the right
+        pen = Wx::RED_PEN
+        memdc.set_pen(pen)
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5),  dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(5) )
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(11), dc.from_dip(10))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(15), dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(15))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(20), dc.from_dip(13), dc.from_dip(20))
+    
+        # memdc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+        # memdc.draw_line( dc.from_dip(12),dc.from_dip( 5),dc.from_dip(12),dc.from_dip( 5) )
+        # memdc.draw_line( dc.from_dip(12),dc.from_dip(10),dc.from_dip(13),dc.from_dip(10) )
+        # memdc.draw_line( dc.from_dip(12),dc.from_dip(15),dc.from_dip(14),dc.from_dip(15) )
+        # memdc.draw_line( dc.from_dip(12),dc.from_dip(20),dc.from_dip(15),dc.from_dip(20) )
+    
+        # same to the left
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(25), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(25))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(30), dc.from_dip(9),  dc.from_dip(30))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(35), dc.from_dip(8),  dc.from_dip(35))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(40), dc.from_dip(7),  dc.from_dip(40))
+    
+        # XOR draw lines
+        dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+        memdc.set_logical_function(Wx::INVERT)
+        memdc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(50), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(50))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(55), dc.from_dip(11), dc.from_dip(55))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(60), dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(60))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(65), dc.from_dip(13), dc.from_dip(65))
+    
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(50), dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(50))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(55), dc.from_dip(13), dc.from_dip(55))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(60), dc.from_dip(14), dc.from_dip(60))
+        memdc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(12), dc.from_dip(65), dc.from_dip(15), dc.from_dip(65))
+      end
+      dc.draw_bitmap(bitmap, dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(170))
+      image = bitmap.convert_to_image
+      image.rescale(dc.from_dip(60), dc.from_dip(210))
+      bitmap = image.to_bitmap
+      dc.draw_bitmap(bitmap, dc.from_dip(50), dc.from_dip(170))
+  
+      # test the rectangle outline drawing - there should be one pixel between
+      # the rect and the lines
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(150), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(250), dc.from_dip(210), dc.from_dip(250), dc.from_dip(170))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(260), dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(150), dc.from_dip(200))
+  
+      # test the rectangle filled drawing - there should be one pixel between
+      # the rect and the lines
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(350), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(400), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(400), dc.from_dip(210))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(410), dc.from_dip(200))
+  
+      # a few more tests of this kind
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(220), dc.from_dip(1), dc.from_dip(1))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(220), dc.from_dip(2), dc.from_dip(2))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(320), dc.from_dip(220), dc.from_dip(3), dc.from_dip(3))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(330), dc.from_dip(220), dc.from_dip(4), dc.from_dip(4))
+  
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(230), dc.from_dip(1), dc.from_dip(1))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(230), dc.from_dip(2), dc.from_dip(2))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(320), dc.from_dip(230), dc.from_dip(3), dc.from_dip(3))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(330), dc.from_dip(230), dc.from_dip(4), dc.from_dip(4))
+  
+      # and now for filled rect with outline
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(500), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.draw_rectangle(dc.from_dip(550), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(600), dc.from_dip(170), dc.from_dip(600), dc.from_dip(210))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(500), dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(610), dc.from_dip(200))
+  
+      # test the rectangle outline drawing - there should be one pixel between
+      # the rect and the lines
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush( Wx::TRANSPARENT_BRUSH )
+      dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(dc.from_dip(150), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29), dc.from_dip(6))
+      dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29), dc.from_dip(6))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(250), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(250), dc.from_dip(310))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(150), dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(260), dc.from_dip(300))
+  
+      # test the rectangle filled drawing - there should be one pixel between
+      # the rect and the lines
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush( Wx::WHITE_BRUSH )
+      dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29), dc.from_dip(6))
+      dc.draw_rounded_rectangle(dc.from_dip(350), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(49), dc.from_dip(29), dc.from_dip(6))
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::WHITE_PEN)
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(400), dc.from_dip(270), dc.from_dip(400), dc.from_dip(310))
+      dc.draw_line(dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(300), dc.from_dip(410), dc.from_dip(300))
+  
+      # Added by JACS to demonstrate bizarre behaviour.
+      # With a size of 70, we get a missing red RHS,
+      # and the height is too small, so we get yellow
+      # showing. With a size of 40, it draws as expected:
+      # it just shows a white rectangle with red outline.
+      totalWidth = dc.from_dip(70)
+      totalHeight = dc.from_dip(70)
+      bitmap2 = Wx::Bitmap.new(totalWidth, totalHeight)
+  
+      Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on(bitmap2) do |memdc2|
+        memdc2.set_background(Wx::YELLOW_BRUSH)
+        memdc2.clear
+
+        # Now draw a white rectangle with red outline. It should
+        # entirely eclipse the yellow background.
+        memdc2.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+        memdc2.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+
+        memdc2.draw_rectangle(0, 0, totalWidth, totalHeight)
+      end
+  
+      dc.draw_bitmap(bitmap2, dc.from_dip(500), dc.from_dip(270))
+  
+      # Repeat, but draw directly on dc
+      # Draw a yellow rectangle filling the bitmap
+  
+      x = dc.from_dip(600)
+      y = dc.from_dip(270)
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::YELLOW_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::YELLOW_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, totalWidth, totalHeight)
+  
+      # Now draw a white rectangle with red outline. It should
+      # entirely eclipse the yellow background.
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+  
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, totalWidth, totalHeight)
+    end
+
+    def draw_gradients(dc)
+      text_height = dc.get_char_height
+  
+      # LHS: linear
+      r = Wx::Rect.new(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(50), dc.from_dip(50))
+      dc.draw_text("Wx::RIGHT", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r, Wx::WHITE, Wx::BLUE, Wx::RIGHT)
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("Wx::LEFT", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r, Wx::WHITE, Wx::BLUE, Wx::LEFT)
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("Wx::DOWN", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r, Wx::WHITE, Wx::BLUE, Wx::DOWN)
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("Wx::UP", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r, Wx::WHITE, Wx::BLUE, Wx::UP)
+  
+      gfr = Wx::Rect.new.assign(r)
+  
+      # RHS: concentric
+      r = Wx::Rect.new(dc.from_dip(200), dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(50), dc.from_dip(50))
+      dc.draw_text("Blue inside", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_concentric(r, Wx::BLUE, Wx::WHITE)
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("White inside", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_concentric(r, Wx::WHITE, Wx::BLUE)
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("Blue in top left corner", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_concentric(r, Wx::BLUE, Wx::WHITE, [0, 0])
+  
+      r.offset!(0, r.height + dc.from_dip(10))
+      dc.draw_text("Blue in bottom right corner", r.x, r.y)
+      r.offset!(0, text_height)
+      dc.gradient_fill_concentric(r, Wx::BLUE, Wx::WHITE, [r.width, r.height])
+  
+      # check that the area filled by the gradient is exactly the interior of
+      # the rectangle
+      r.x = dc.from_dip(350)
+      r.y = dc.from_dip(30)
+      dc.draw_text("The interior should be filled but", r.x, r.y)
+      r.y += text_height
+      dc.draw_text(" the red border should remain visible:", r.x, r.y)
+      r.y += text_height
+  
+      r.width =
+      r.height = dc.from_dip(50)
+      r2 = Wx::Rect.new.assign(r)
+      r2.x += dc.from_dip(60)
+      r3 = Wx::Rect.new.assign(r)
+      r3.y += dc.from_dip(60)
+      r4 = Wx::Rect.new.assign(r2)
+      r4.y += dc.from_dip(60)
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::RED_PEN)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(r)
+      r.deflate!(1)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r, Wx::GREEN, Wx::BLACK, Wx::NORTH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(r2)
+      r2.deflate!(1)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r2, Wx::BLACK, Wx::GREEN, Wx::SOUTH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(r3)
+      r3.deflate!(1)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r3, Wx::GREEN, Wx::BLACK, Wx::EAST)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(r4)
+      r4.deflate!(1)
+      dc.gradient_fill_linear(r4, Wx::BLACK, Wx::GREEN, Wx::WEST)
+  
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        if @renderer
+          gc = dc.get_graphics_context
+          # double boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Linear Gradient with Stops", gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          stops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BLUE)
+          stops.add(Wx::Colour.new(255,255,0), 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::GREEN, 0.67)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_linear_gradient_brush(gfr.x, gfr.y,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width, gfr.y + gfr.height,
+                                                       stops))
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          simpleStops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BLUE)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Radial Gradient from Red to Blue without intermediary Stops",
+              gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_radial_gradient_brush(gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       simpleStops))
+
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Radial Gradient from Red to Blue with Yellow and Green Stops",
+              gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_radial_gradient_brush(gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       stops))
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Linear Gradient with Stops and Gaps", gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          stops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BLUE)
+          stops.add(Wx::Colour.new(255,255,0), 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::TRANSPARENT_COLOUR, 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::TRANSPARENT_COLOUR, 0.67)
+          stops.add(Wx::GREEN, 0.67)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_linear_gradient_brush(gfr.x, gfr.y + gfr.height,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width, gfr.y,
+                                                       stops))
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Radial Gradient with Stops and Gaps", gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_radial_gradient_brush(gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       stops))
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Gradients with Stops and Transparency", gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          stops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::RED, Wx::TRANSPARENT_COLOUR)
+          stops.add(Wx::RED, 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::TRANSPARENT_COLOUR, 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::TRANSPARENT_COLOUR, 0.67)
+          stops.add(Wx::BLUE, 0.67)
+          stops.add(Wx::BLUE, 1.0)
+
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x,gfr.y+gfr.height)
+          pth.close_subpath
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_radial_gradient_brush(gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.x + gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       gfr.y + gfr.height / 2,
+                                                       gfr.width / 2,
+                                                       stops))
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+
+          stops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::Colour.new(255,0,0, 128), Wx::Colour.new(0,0,255, 128))
+          stops.add(Wx::Colour.new(255,255,0,128), 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::Colour.new(0,255,0,128), 0.67)
+
+          gc.set_brush(gc.create_linear_gradient_brush(gfr.x, gfr.y,
+                                                     gfr.x + gfr.width, gfr.y,
+                                                     stops))
+          gc.fill_path(pth)
+          boxX, boxY, boxWidth, boxHeight = pth.get_box
+          dc.calc_bounding_box(boxX.round, boxY.round)
+          dc.calc_bounding_box((boxX+boxWidth).round, (boxY+boxHeight).round)
+
+          gfr.offset!(0, gfr.height + gc.from_dip(10))
+          dc.draw_text("Stroked path with a gradient pen", gfr.x, gfr.y)
+          gfr.offset!(0, text_height)
+
+          pth = gc.create_path
+          pth.move_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width/2, gfr.y)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width, gfr.y + gfr.height/2)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x + gfr.width/2, gfr.y + gfr.height)
+          pth.add_line_to_point(gfr.x, gfr.y + gfr.height/2)
+          pth.close_subpath
+
+          stops = Wx::GraphicsGradientStops.new(Wx::RED, Wx::BLUE)
+          stops.add(Wx::Colour.new(255,255,0), 0.33)
+          stops.add(Wx::GREEN, 0.67)
+
+          pen = gc.create_pen(
+            Wx::GraphicsPenInfo.new(Wx::Colour.new(0,0,0)).width(6).join(Wx::JOIN_BEVEL).linear_gradient(
+                  gfr.x + gfr.width/2, gfr.y,
+                  gfr.x + gfr.width/2, gfr.y + gfr.height,
+                  stops))
+          gc.set_pen(pen)
+          gc.stroke_path(pth)
+        end
+      end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+    end
+
+    SYSTEM_COLOURS = {
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_3DDKSHADOW => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_3DDKSHADOW" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_3DLIGHT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_3DLIGHT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_ACTIVEBORDER => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_ACTIVEBORDER" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_ACTIVECAPTION => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_ACTIVECAPTION" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_APPWORKSPACE => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_APPWORKSPACE" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNFACE => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNFACE" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNHIGHLIGHT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNHIGHLIGHT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNSHADOW => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNSHADOW" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_BTNTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_CAPTIONTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_CAPTIONTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_DESKTOP => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_DESKTOP" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRADIENTACTIVECAPTION => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRADIENTACTIVECAPTION" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRADIENTINACTIVECAPTION => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRADIENTINACTIVECAPTION" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRAYTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_GRAYTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HOTLIGHT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_HOTLIGHT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVEBORDER => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVEBORDER" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVECAPTIONTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVECAPTIONTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVECAPTION => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INACTIVECAPTION" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INFOBK => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INFOBK" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INFOTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_INFOTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOXHIGHLIGHTTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOXHIGHLIGHTTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOXTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOXTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOX => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_LISTBOX" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUBAR => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUBAR" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUHILIGHT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUHILIGHT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENUTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENU => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_MENU" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_SCROLLBAR => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_SCROLLBAR" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOWFRAME => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOWFRAME" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOWTEXT => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOWTEXT" ,
+         Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOW => "Wx::SYS_COLOUR_WINDOW" 
+    }
+
+    def draw_system_colours(dc)
+      mono = Wx::Font.new(Wx::FontInfo.new.family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_TELETYPE))
+      textWidth, textHeight, _, _ = dc.with_font(mono) { dc.get_text_extent("#01234567") }
+
+      x = from_dip(10)
+      r = Wx::Rect.new(textWidth + x, x, dc.from_dip(100), textHeight)
+  
+      title = 'System colours'
+  
+      appearanceName = Wx::SystemSettings.get_appearance_name
+      title << " for \"#{appearanceName}\"" unless appearanceName.empty?
+
+      title += " (using dark system theme)" if Wx::SystemSettings.is_appearance_dark
+      dc.draw_text(title, x, r.y)
+      r.y += 2*textHeight
+      dc.draw_text("Window background is #{Wx::SystemSettings.is_appearance_using_dark_background ? 'dark' : 'light'}",
+                   x, r.y)
+      r.y += 3*textHeight
+  
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+
+      SYSTEM_COLOURS.each_pair do |index, name|
+        c = Wx::Colour.new(Wx::SystemSettings.get_colour(index))
+        dc.with_font(mono) { dc.draw_text(c.get_as_string(Wx::C2S_HTML_SYNTAX), x, r.y) }
+
+        dc.set_brush(Wx::Brush.new(c))
+        dc.draw_rectangle(r)
+
+        dc.draw_text(name, r.right + x, r.y)
+
+        r.y += textHeight
+      end
+    end
+
+    def draw_regions_helper(dc, x, firstTime)
+      y = dc.from_dip(100)
+  
+      dc.destroy_clipping_region
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+      dc.set_pen(Wx::TRANSPARENT_PEN)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(310))
+  
+      dc.set_clipping_region(x + dc.from_dip(10), y + dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(270))
+  
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::RED_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(310))
+  
+      dc.set_clipping_region(x + dc.from_dip(10), y + dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(100))
+  
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::CYAN_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(310))
+  
+      dc.destroy_clipping_region
+  
+      region = Wx::Region.new(x + dc.from_dip(110), y + dc.from_dip(20), dc.from_dip(100), dc.from_dip(270))
+      region.offset(dc.from_dip(10), dc.from_dip(10)) unless firstTime
+      dc.set_device_clipping_region(region)
+  
+      dc.set_brush(Wx::GREY_BRUSH)
+      dc.draw_rectangle(x, y, dc.from_dip(310), dc.from_dip(310))
+  
+      if @smile_bmp.ok?
+        dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + dc.from_dip(150), y + dc.from_dip(150), true)
+        dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + dc.from_dip(130), y + dc.from_dip(10),  true)
+        dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + dc.from_dip(130), y + dc.from_dip(280), true)
+        dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + dc.from_dip(100), y + dc.from_dip(70),  true)
+        dc.draw_bitmap(@smile_bmp, x + dc.from_dip(200), y + dc.from_dip(70),  true)
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+  
+  if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+
+    class TransformDataDialog < Wx::Dialog
+      
+      def initialize(parent, dx, dy, scx, scy, rotAngle)
+        super(parent, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Affine transformation parameters')
+        @dx = dx 
+        @dy = dy
+        @scx = scx
+        @scy = scy
+        @rotAngle = rotAngle
+        
+        sizer = Wx::VBoxSizer.new
+
+        border = Wx::SizerFlags.get_default_border
+        paramSizer = Wx::FlexGridSizer.new(2, [border, border])
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::StaticText.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Translation X:'), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        val_dx =  Wx::FloatValidator.new(1, Wx::NUM_VAL_NO_TRAILING_ZEROES)
+        val_dx.on_transfer_from_window { |v| @dx = v }
+        val_dx.on_transfer_to_window { @dx }
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::TextCtrl.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, style: 0, validator: val_dx), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::StaticText.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Translation Y:'), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        val_dy = Wx::FloatValidator.new(1, Wx::NUM_VAL_NO_TRAILING_ZEROES)
+        val_dy.on_transfer_from_window { |v| @dy = v }
+        val_dy.on_transfer_to_window { @dy }
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::TextCtrl.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, style: 0, validator: val_dy), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::StaticText.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Scale X (0.2 - 5):'), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        val_scx = Wx::FloatValidator.new(1, Wx::NUM_VAL_NO_TRAILING_ZEROES)
+        val_scx.on_transfer_from_window { |v| @scx = v }
+        val_scx.on_transfer_to_window { @scx }
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::TextCtrl.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, style: 0, validator: val_scx), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::StaticText.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Scale Y (0.2 - 5):'), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        val_scy = Wx::FloatValidator.new(1, Wx::NUM_VAL_NO_TRAILING_ZEROES)
+        val_scy.on_transfer_from_window { |v| @scy = v }
+        val_scy.on_transfer_to_window { @scy }
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::TextCtrl.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, style: 0, validator: val_scy), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::StaticText.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, 'Rotation angle (deg):'), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        val_rot = Wx::FloatValidator.new(1, Wx::NUM_VAL_NO_TRAILING_ZEROES)
+        val_rot.on_transfer_from_window { |v| @rotAngle = v }
+        val_rot.on_transfer_to_window { @rotAngle }
+        paramSizer.add(Wx::TextCtrl.new(self, Wx::ID_ANY, style: 0, validator: val_rot), Wx::SizerFlags.new.centre_vertical)
+        sizer.add(paramSizer, Wx::SizerFlags.new.double_border)
+
+        btnSizer = create_separated_button_sizer(Wx::OK | Wx::CANCEL)
+        sizer.add(btnSizer, Wx::SizerFlags.new.expand.border)
+
+        set_sizer_and_fit(sizer)
+      end
+    
+      def transfer_data_from_window
+        return false unless super
+
+        if @scx < 0.2 || @scx > 5.0 || @scy < 0.2 || @scy > 5.0
+          Wx.bell unless Wx::Validator.is_silent
+          return false
+        end
+
+        true
+      end
+    
+      def get_transformation_data
+        [@dx, @dy, @scx, @scy, @rotAngle]
+      end
+    end
+
+  end # USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX
+  
+  class MyFrame < Wx::Frame
+
+    def initialize(title)
+      super(nil, title: title)
+      # set the frame icon
+      self.icon = Wx.Icon(:sample, Wx::BITMAP_TYPE_XPM, art_path: File.join(__dir__, '..'))
+
+      # initialize attributes
+      @backgroundMode = Wx::BrushStyle::BRUSHSTYLE_SOLID
+      @textureBackground = false
+      @mapMode = Wx::MM_TEXT
+      @xUserScale = 1.0
+      @yUserScale = 1.0
+      @xLogicalOrigin = 0
+      @yLogicalOrigin = 0
+      @xAxisReversed = false
+      @yAxisReversed = false
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+        @transform_dx = 0.0
+        @transform_dy = 0.0
+        @transform_scx = 1.0
+        @transform_scy = 1.0
+        @transform_rot = 0.0
+      end # USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX
+      @colourForeground = Wx::BLACK    # these are _text_ colours
+      @colourBackground = Wx::LIGHT_GREY
+      @backgroundBrush = Wx::Brush.new
+      @canvas = MyCanvas.new(self)
+      @menuItemUseDC = nil
+
+      # initialize menu and status bar
+      menuScreen = Wx::Menu.new
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowDefault, "&Default screen\tF1")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowText, "&Text screen\tF2")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowLines, "&Lines screen\tF3")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowBrushes, "&Brushes screen\tF4")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowPolygons, "&Polygons screen\tF5")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowMask, "&Mask screen\tF6")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowMaskStretch, "1/&2 scaled mask\tShift-F6")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowOps, "&Raster operations screen\tF7")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowRegions, "Re&gions screen\tF8")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowCircles, "&Circles screen\tF9")
+      if DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA || Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowAlpha, "&Alpha screen\tF10")
+      end # DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA || USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowSplines, "Spl&ines screen\tF11")
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowGradients, "&Gradients screen\tF12")
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowGraphics, "&Graphics screen")
+      end
+      menuScreen.append(ID::File_ShowSystemColours, "System &colours")
+
+      menuFile = Wx::Menu.new
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        # Number the different renderer choices consecutively, starting from 0.
+        accel = -1
+        @menuItemUseDC = menuFile.append_radio_item(
+          ID::File_DC,"Use wx&DC\t#{accel += 1}")
+        menuFile.append_radio_item(
+          ID::File_GC_Default, "Use default wx&GraphicContext\t#{accel += 1}")
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_CAIRO)
+          menuFile.append_radio_item(
+            ID::File_GC_Cairo, "Use &Cairo\t#{accel += 1}")
+        end # USE_CAIRO
+        if Wx::PLATFORM == 'WXMSW'
+          if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_GDIPLUS)
+            menuFile.append_radio_item(
+              ID::File_GC_GDIPlus, "Use &GDI+\t#{accel += 1}")
+          end
+          if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_DIRECT2D)
+            menuFile.append_radio_item(
+              ID::File_GC_Direct2D, "Use &Direct2D\t#{accel += 1}")
+          end
+        end # WXMSW
+      end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+      menuFile.append_separator
+      menuFile.append_check_item(ID::File_BBox, "Show bounding box\tCtrl-E",
+                                'Show extents used in drawing operations')
+      menuFile.append_check_item(ID::File_Clip, "&Clip\tCtrl-C", 'Clip/unclip drawing')
+      menuFile.append_check_item(ID::File_Buffer, "&Use wx&BufferedPaintDC\tCtrl-Z", 'Buffer painting')
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        menuFile.append_check_item(ID::File_AntiAliasing,
+                                "&Anti-Aliasing in wxGraphicContext\tCtrl-Shift-A",
+                                'Enable Anti-Aliasing in wxGraphicContext')
+                .check
+      end
+      menuFile.append_separator
+      menuFile.append(ID::File_Copy, "Copy to clipboard")
+      menuFile.append(ID::File_Save, "&Save...\tCtrl-S", 'Save drawing to file')
+      menuFile.append_separator
+      menuFile.append(ID::File_About, "&About\tCtrl-A", 'Show about dialog')
+      menuFile.append_separator
+      menuFile.append(ID::File_Quit, "E&xit\tAlt-X", 'Quit this program')
+
+      menuMapMode = Wx::Menu.new
+      menuMapMode.append(ID::MapMode_Text, "&TEXT map mode" )
+      menuMapMode.append(ID::MapMode_Lometric, "&LOMETRIC map mode" )
+      menuMapMode.append(ID::MapMode_Twips, "T&WIPS map mode" )
+      menuMapMode.append(ID::MapMode_Points, "&POINTS map mode" )
+      menuMapMode.append(ID::MapMode_Metric, "&METRIC map mode" )
+
+      menuUserScale = Wx::Menu.new
+      menuUserScale.append(ID::UserScale_StretchHoriz, "Stretch &horizontally\tCtrl-H")
+      menuUserScale.append(ID::UserScale_ShrinkHoriz, "Shrin&k horizontally\tCtrl-G")
+      menuUserScale.append(ID::UserScale_StretchVertic, "Stretch &vertically\tCtrl-V")
+      menuUserScale.append(ID::UserScale_ShrinkVertic, "&Shrink vertically\tCtrl-W")
+      menuUserScale.append_separator
+      menuUserScale.append(ID::UserScale_Restore, "&Restore to normal\tCtrl-0")
+
+      menuAxis = Wx::Menu.new
+      menuAxis.append_check_item(ID::AxisMirror_Horiz, "Mirror horizontally\tCtrl-M")
+      menuAxis.append_check_item(ID::AxisMirror_Vertic, "Mirror vertically\tCtrl-N")
+
+      menuLogical = Wx::Menu.new
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveDown, "Move &down\tCtrl-D")
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveUp, "Move &up\tCtrl-U")
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveLeft, "Move &right\tCtrl-L")
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveRight, "Move &left\tCtrl-R")
+      menuLogical.append_separator
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_Set, "Set to (&100, 100)\tShift-Ctrl-1")
+      menuLogical.append(ID::LogicalOrigin_Restore, "&Restore to normal\tShift-Ctrl-0")
+
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+        menuTransformMatrix = Wx::Menu.new
+        menuTransformMatrix.append(ID::TransformMatrix_Set, "Set &transformation matrix")
+        menuTransformMatrix.append_separator
+        menuTransformMatrix.append(ID::TransformMatrix_Reset, "Restore to &normal")
+      end # USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX
+
+      menuColour = Wx::Menu.new
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_COLOURDLG)
+        menuColour.append(ID::Colour_TextForeground, "Text &foreground...")
+        menuColour.append(ID::Colour_TextBackground, "Text &background...")
+        menuColour.append(ID::Colour_Background, "Background &colour...")
+      end # USE_COLOURDLG
+      menuColour.append_check_item(ID::Colour_BackgroundMode, "&Opaque/transparent\tCtrl-B")
+      menuColour.append_check_item(ID::Colour_TextureBackground, "Draw textured back&ground\tCtrl-T")
+
+      # now append the freshly created menu to the menu bar...
+      menuBar = Wx::MenuBar.new
+      menuBar.append(menuFile, "&Drawing")
+      menuBar.append(menuScreen, "Scree&n")
+      menuBar.append(menuMapMode, "&Mode")
+      menuBar.append(menuUserScale, "&Scale")
+      menuBar.append(menuAxis, "&Axis")
+      menuBar.append(menuLogical, "&Origin")
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+        menuBar.append(menuTransformMatrix, "&Transformation")
+      end # USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX
+      menuBar.append(menuColour, "&Colours")
+
+      # ... and attach this menu bar to the frame
+      set_menu_bar(menuBar)
+
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_STATUSBAR)
+        create_status_bar(2)
+        set_status_text("Welcome to wxRuby3!")
+      end # USE_STATUSBAR
+
+      # connect event handlers
+      evt_menu(ID::File_Quit, :on_quit)
+      evt_menu(ID::File_About, :on_about)
+      evt_menu(ID::File_Clip, :on_clip)
+
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        evt_menu(ID::File_GC_Default, :on_graphic_context_default)
+        evt_menu(ID::File_DC, :on_graphic_context_none)
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_CAIRO)
+          evt_menu(ID::File_GC_Cairo, :on_graphic_context_cairo)
+        end # USE_CAIRO
+        if Wx::PLATFORM == 'WXMSW'
+          if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_GDIPLUS)
+            evt_menu(ID::File_GC_GDIPlus, :on_graphic_context_gdi_plus)
+          end
+          if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_DIRECT2D)
+            evt_menu(ID::File_GC_Direct2D, :on_graphic_context_direct2d)
+          end
+        end # WXMSW
+        evt_menu(ID::File_AntiAliasing, :on_anti_aliasing)
+        evt_update_ui(ID::File_AntiAliasing, :on_anti_aliasing_update_ui)
+      end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+
+      evt_menu(ID::File_Buffer, :on_buffer)
+      evt_menu(ID::File_Copy, :on_copy)
+      evt_menu(ID::File_Save, :on_save)
+      evt_menu(ID::File_BBox, :on_bounding_box)
+      evt_update_ui(ID::File_BBox, :on_bounding_box_update_ui)
+
+      evt_menu_range(ID::MenuShow_First, ID::MenuShow_Last, :on_show)
+
+      evt_menu_range(ID::MenuOption_First, ID::MenuOption_Last, :on_option)
+
+      @canvas.set_scrollbars(10, 10, 100, 240)
+
+      set_size(from_dip([800, 700]))
+      center(Wx::BOTH)
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :backgroundMode
+    attr_reader :textureBackground
+    attr_reader :mapMode
+    attr_reader :xUserScale
+    attr_reader :yUserScale
+    attr_reader :xLogicalOrigin
+    attr_reader :yLogicalOrigin
+    attr_reader :xAxisReversed
+    attr_reader :yAxisReversed
+    attr_reader :transform_dx
+    attr_reader :transform_dy
+    attr_reader :transform_scx
+    attr_reader :transform_scy
+    attr_reader :transform_rot
+    attr_reader :colourForeground
+    attr_reader :colourBackground
+    attr_reader :backgroundBrush
+    attr_reader :canvas
+    attr_reader :menuItemUseDC
+    
+    # event handlers (these functions should _not_ be virtual)
+    def on_quit(_event)
+      # true is to force the frame to close
+      close(true)
+    end
+
+    def on_about(_event)
+      msg = "This is the about dialog of the drawing sample.\n" \
+            "This sample tests various primitive drawing functions\n" \
+            "(without any attempts to prevent flicker).\n" \
+            "Copyright (c) Martin Corino (adapted for wxRuby3; original Robert Roebling 1999)"
+
+      Wx.message_box(msg, "About Drawing", Wx::OK | Wx::ICON_INFORMATION, self)
+    end
+
+    def on_clip(event)
+      @canvas.clip(event.checked?)
+    end
+
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+      def on_graphic_context_none(_event)
+        @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(nil)
+      end
+
+      def on_graphic_context_default(_event)
+        @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_default_renderer)
+      end
+
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_CAIRO)
+        def on_graphic_context_cairo(_event)
+          @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_cairo_renderer)
+        end
+      end # USE_CAIRO
+
+      if Wx::PLATFORM == 'WXMSW'
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_GDIPLUS)
+          def on_graphic_context_gdi_plus(_event)
+            @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_gdi_plus_renderer)
+          end
+        end
+
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_DIRECT2D)
+          def on_graphic_context_direct2d(_event)
+            @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_direct2d_renderer)
+          end
+        end
+      end # WXMSW
+
+      def on_anti_aliasing(event)
+        @canvas.enable_anti_aliasing(event.is_checked)
+      end
+
+      def on_anti_aliasing_update_ui(event)
+        event.enable(!@canvas.get_renderer.nil?)
+      end
+    end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+
+    def on_buffer(event)
+      @canvas.use_buffer(event.checked?)
+    end
+
+    def on_copy(_event)
+      bitmap = Wx::Bitmap.new
+      bitmap.create_with_dip_size(@canvas.get_dip_drawing_size, get_dpi_scale_factor)
+      Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on(bitmap) do |mdc|
+        mdc.set_background(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+        mdc.clear
+        @canvas.draw(mdc)
+      end
+      Wx::Clipboard.open do | clip |
+        clip.place Wx::BitmapDataObject.new(bitmap)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def on_save(_event)
+      wildCard = "Bitmap image (*.bmp)|*.bmp*.BMP"
+      wildCard << "|PNG image (*.png)|*.png*.PNG" if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_LIBPNG)
+      wildCard << "|SVG image (*.svg)|*.svg*.SVG" if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_SVG)
+      wildCard << "|PostScript file (*.ps)|*.ps*.PS" if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_POSTSCRIPT)
+
+      Wx.FileDialog(self, "Save as bitmap", '', '', wildCard, Wx::FD_SAVE | Wx::FD_OVERWRITE_PROMPT) do |dlg|
+        if dlg.show_modal == Wx::ID_OK
+          canvasSize = @canvas.get_dip_drawing_size
+          fn = dlg.get_path
+          ext = File.extname(fn).downcase
+          if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_SVG) && ext == '.svg'
+            if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+              # Graphics screen can only be drawn using GraphicsContext
+              if @canvas.get_page == ID::File_ShowGraphics
+                Wx.log_message('Graphics screen can not be saved as SVG.')
+                return
+              end
+              tempRenderer = @canvas.get_renderer
+              @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(nil)
+            end
+            Wx::SVGFileDC.draw_on(dlg.path,
+                                  canvasSize.width,
+                                  canvasSize.height,
+                              72.0,
+                              'Drawing sample') do |svgdc|
+              svgdc.set_bitmap_handler(Wx::SVGBitmapEmbedHandler.new)
+              @canvas.draw(svgdc)
+            end
+            if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+              @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(tempRenderer)
+            end
+          elsif Wx.has_feature?(:USE_POSTSCRIPT) && ext == '.ps'
+            if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+              # Graphics screen can only be drawn using wxGraphicsContext
+              if @canvas.get_page == ID::File_ShowGraphics
+                Wx.log_message('Graphics screen can not be saved as PostScript file.')
+                return
+              end
+              curRenderer = @canvas.get_renderer
+              @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(nil)
+            end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+            printData = Wx::PrintData.new
+            printData.set_print_mode(Wx::PRINT_MODE_FILE)
+            printData.set_filename(dlg.path)
+            printData.set_orientation(Wx::PORTRAIT)
+            printData.set_paper_id(Wx::PAPER_A4)
+            Wx::PostScriptDC.draw_on(printData) do |psdc|
+              # Save current scale factor
+              curUserScaleX = @xUserScale
+              curUserScaleY = @yUserScale
+              # Change the scale temporarily to fit the drawing into the page.
+              w, h = psdc.get_size
+              sc = [w.to_f / canvasSize.width, h.to_f / canvasSize.height].min
+              @xUserScale *= sc
+              @yUserScale *= sc
+              psdc.start_doc('Drawing sample')
+              # Define default font.
+              psdc.set_font(Wx::FontInfo.new(10).family(Wx::FONTFAMILY_MODERN))
+              psdc.start_page
+              @canvas.draw(psdc)
+              psdc.end_page
+              psdc.end_doc
+              # Restore original scale factor
+              @xUserScale = curUserScaleX
+              @yUserScale = curUserScaleY
+            end
+            if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+              @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(curRenderer)
+            end # USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+          else
+            bmp = Wx::Bitmap.new
+            bmp.create_with_dip_size(canvasSize, get_dpi_scale_factor)
+            Wx::MemoryDC.draw_on(bmp) do |mdc|
+              mdc.set_background(Wx::WHITE_BRUSH)
+              mdc.clear
+              @canvas.draw(mdc)
+            end
+            bmp.convert_to_image.save_file(dlg.path)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def on_show(event)
+      show = event.id
+
+      if DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA || Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        # Make sure we do use a graphics context when selecting one of the screens
+        # requiring it.
+        # If DC supports drawing with alpha
+        # then GC is necessary only for graphics screen.
+        if (DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA && show == ID::File_ShowGraphics) ||
+            # DC doesn't support drawing with alpha
+            # so GC is necessary both for alpha and graphics screen.
+            (!DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA && (show == ID::File_ShowAlpha || show == ID::File_ShowGraphics))
+          @canvas.use_graphic_renderer(Wx::GraphicsRenderer.get_default_renderer) unless @canvas.has_renderer
+          # Disable selecting Wx::DC, if necessary.
+          @menuItemUseDC.enable(!@canvas.has_renderer)
+        else
+          @menuItemUseDC.enable(true)
+        end
+      end # DRAWING_DC_SUPPORTS_ALPHA || USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT
+      @canvas.to_show(show)
+    end
+
+    def on_option(event)
+      case event.id
+      when ID::MapMode_Text
+        @mapMode = Wx::MM_TEXT
+      when ID::MapMode_Lometric
+        @mapMode = Wx::MM_LOMETRIC
+      when ID::MapMode_Twips
+        @mapMode = Wx::MM_TWIPS
+      when ID::MapMode_Points
+        @mapMode = Wx::MM_POINTS
+      when ID::MapMode_Metric
+        @mapMode = Wx::MM_METRIC
+
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveDown
+        @yLogicalOrigin += 10
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveUp
+        @yLogicalOrigin -= 10
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveLeft
+        @xLogicalOrigin += 10
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_MoveRight
+        @xLogicalOrigin -= 10
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_Set
+        @xLogicalOrigin =
+        @yLogicalOrigin = -100
+      when ID::LogicalOrigin_Restore
+        @xLogicalOrigin =
+        @yLogicalOrigin = 0
+
+      when ID::UserScale_StretchHoriz
+        @xUserScale *= 1.10
+      when ID::UserScale_ShrinkHoriz
+        @xUserScale /= 1.10
+      when ID::UserScale_StretchVertic
+        @yUserScale *= 1.10
+      when ID::UserScale_ShrinkVertic
+        @yUserScale /= 1.10
+      when ID::UserScale_Restore
+        @xUserScale =
+        @yUserScale = 1.0
+
+      when ID::AxisMirror_Vertic
+        @yAxisReversed = !@yAxisReversed
+      when ID::AxisMirror_Horiz
+        @xAxisReversed = !@xAxisReversed
+
+      when ID::TransformMatrix_Set
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+          Drawing.TransformDataDialog(self, @transform_dx, @transform_dy,
+              @transform_scx, @transform_scy, @transform_rot) do |dlg|
+            if dlg.show_modal == Wx::ID_OK
+              @transform_dx, @transform_dy, @transform_scx, @transform_scy, @transform_rot = dlg.get_transformation_data
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+      when ID::TransformMatrix_Reset
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+          @transform_dx = 0.0
+          @transform_dy = 0.0
+          @transform_scx = 1.0
+          @transform_scy = 1.0
+          @transform_rot = 0.0
+        end
+
+      when ID::Colour_TextForeground
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_COLOURDLG)
+          @colourForeground = select_colour
+        end
+      when ID::Colour_TextBackground
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_COLOURDLG)
+          @colourBackground = select_colour
+        end
+      when ID::Colour_Background
+        if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_COLOURDLG)
+          col = select_colour
+          @backgroundBrush.set_colour(col) if col.ok?
+        end
+
+      when ID::Colour_BackgroundMode
+          @backgroundMode = (@backgroundMode == Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_SOLID ?
+                               Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_TRANSPARENT : Wx::BRUSHSTYLE_SOLID)
+
+      when ID::Colour_TextureBackground
+          @textureBackground = ! @textureBackground
+
+      else
+        return
+      end
+  
+      @canvas.refresh
+    end
+
+    def on_bounding_box(evt)
+      @canvas.show_bounding_box(evt.checked?)
+    end
+
+    def on_bounding_box_update_ui(evt)
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_GRAPHICS_CONTEXT)
+        evt.enable(@canvas.get_page != ID::File_ShowGraphics)
+      end
+    end
+
+    if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_COLOURDLG)
+      def select_colour
+        data = Wx::ColourData.new
+        Wx.ColourDialog(self, data) do |dialog|
+          return dialog.get_colour_data.get_colour if dialog.show_modal == Wx::ID_OK
+        end
+        Wx::Colour.new
+      end
+    end # USE_COLOURDLG
+
+    def prepare_dc(dc)
+      if Wx.has_feature?(:USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX)
+        if dc.can_use_transform_matrix
+          mtx = Wx::AffineMatrix2D.new
+          mtx.translate(@transform_dx, @transform_dy)
+          mtx.rotate((@transform_rot * Math::PI) / 180)
+          mtx.scale(@transform_scx, @transform_scy)
+          dc.set_transform_matrix(mtx)
+        end
+      end # USE_DC_TRANSFORM_MATRIX
+      dc.set_logical_origin(dc.from_dip(@xLogicalOrigin), dc.from_dip(@yLogicalOrigin))
+      dc.set_axis_orientation(!@xAxisReversed, @yAxisReversed)
+      dc.set_user_scale(@xUserScale, @yUserScale)
+      dc.set_map_mode(@mapMode)
+    end
+    
+  end
+
+
+  class MyApp < Wx::App
+
+    def initialize
+      super
+      @images = {}
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :images
+
+    def on_init
+      # Create the main application window
+      frame = MyFrame.new('Drawing sample')
+  
+      # Show it
+      frame.show(true)
+  
+      unless load_images
+        Wx.log_error('Cannot load one of the bitmap files needed ' \
+                     'for this sample from the current or parent ' \
+                     'directory, please copy them there.')
+
+        # still continue, the sample can be used without images too if they're
+        # missing for whatever reason
+      end
+  
+      true
+    end
+
+    def on_exit
+      delete_images
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+    def load_images
+      @images[:bmpNoMask] = Wx.Bitmap(:image)
+      @images[:bmpWithMask] = Wx.Bitmap(:image)
+      @images[:bmpWithColMask] = Wx.Bitmap(:image)
+
+      @images[:bmpMask] = Wx.Bitmap(:mask)
+      @images[:bmpWithMask].set_mask(Wx::Mask.new(@images[:bmpMask], Wx::BLACK))
+
+      @images[:bmpWithColMask].set_mask(Wx::Mask.new(@images[:bmpWithColMask], Wx::WHITE))
+
+      @images[:bmp4] = Wx.Bitmap(:pat4)
+      @images[:bmp4_mono] = Wx.Bitmap(:pat4)
+      @images[:bmp4_mono].set_mask(Wx::Mask.new(@images[:bmp4_mono], Wx::BLACK))
+
+      @images[:bmp36] = Wx.Bitmap(:pat36)
+      @images[:bmp36].set_mask(Wx::Mask.new(@images[:bmp36], Wx::BLACK))
+      true
+    end
+
+    def delete_images
+      @images.clear
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
+
+module DrawingSample
+
+  include WxRuby::Sample if defined? WxRuby::Sample
+
+  def self.describe
+    { file: __FILE__,
+      summary: 'wxRuby Drawing example.',
+      description: 'wxRuby example demonstrating and testing Wx::DC features. Adapted from wxWidgets sample.' }
+  end
+
+  def self.run
+    execute(__FILE__)
+  end
+
+  if $0 == __FILE__
+    Drawing::MyApp.run
+  end
+
+end