when_exe 0.2.100 → 0.3.1

data/lib/when_exe/region/indian.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1066 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+=begin
+  Copyright (C) 2011-2013 Takashi SUGA
+
+  You may use and/or modify this file according to the license described in the LICENSE.txt file included in this archive.
+=end
+
+module When
+  class BasicTypes::M17n
+
+    IndianTerms = [self, [
+      "namespace:[en=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/, ja=http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/]",
+      "locale:[=en:, ja=ja:, alias]",
+      "names:[IndianTerms]",
+      "[IndianNationalSolar=en:Indian_national_calendar, インド国定暦]",
+      "[HinduSolar=en:Hindu_calendar,     インド太陽暦=ja:%E3%83%92%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E6%9A%A6]",
+      "[HinduLuniSolar=en:Hindu_calendar, インド太陰太陽暦=ja:%E3%83%92%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E6%9A%A6]",
+
+      [self,
+        "names:[IntercalaryMonth=en:Intercalation, 閏月]",
+        "[%s Śuklapakṣa=,        %s 白分=  ]",
+        "[%s Kṛṣṇapakṣa=,        %s 黒分=  ]",
+        "[adhika %s Śuklapakṣa=, 閏%s 白分=]",
+        "[adhika %s Kṛṣṇapakṣa=, 閏%s 黒分=]"
+      ],
+
+      [self,
+        "names:[IntercalaryDay=en:Intercalation, 閏日=ja:%E9%96%8F]",
+        "[Double %s=,           欠=       ]",
+        "[Intercalary %s=,      重=       ]"
+      ],
+
+      [self,
+        "names:[LunarMonth=, 太陰月=ja:%E6%9C%88_(%E6%9A%A6)]",
+        "[Mārgaśīra=en:Margashirsha,   マールガシールシャ=]",
+        "[Pauṣa=en:Pausha,             パウシャ=          ]",
+        "[Māgha=en:Maagha,             マーガ=            ]",
+        "[Phālguna=en:Phalguna,        パールグナ=        ]",
+        "[Caitra=en:Chaitra,           チャイトラ=        ]",
+        "[Vaiśākha=en:Vaisakha,        ヴァイシャーカ=    ]",
+        "[Jyaiṣṭha=en:Jyeshta,         ジャイシュタ=      ]",
+        "[Āṣāḍha=en:Aashaadha,         アーシャーダ=      ]",
+        "[Śrāvaṇa=en:Shraavana,        シュラーヴァナ=    ]",
+        "[Bhādrapada=en:Bhadrapada,    バードラパダ=      ]",
+        "[Āśvina=en:Ashwin,            アーシュヴィナ=    ]",
+        "[Kārttika=en:Kartika_(month), カールッティカ=    ]"
+      ],
+
+      [self,
+        "names:[SolarMonth=, 太陽月=ja:%E6%9C%88_(%E6%9A%A6)]",
+        "[Maysha=,                     白羊宮            ]",
+        "[Vrushabha=,                  金牛宮            ]",
+        "[Mithuna=,                    双児宮            ]",
+        "[Karka=,                      巨蟹宮            ]",
+        "[Simha=,                      獅子宮            ]",
+        "[Kanya=,                      処女宮            ]",
+        "[Tula=,                       天秤宮            ]",
+        "[Vrushchika=,                 天蝎宮            ]",
+        "[Dhanu=,                      人馬宮            ]",
+        "[Makar=,                      磨羯宮            ]",
+        "[Kumbha=,                     宝瓶宮            ]",
+        "[Meena=,                      双魚宮            ]"
+      ]
+    ]]
+  end
+
+  module Coordinates
+
+    # Location of cities in India
+    IndianCities = [When::BasicTypes::M17n, [
+      "namespace:[en=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/, ja=http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/]",
+      "locale:[=en:, ja=ja:, alias]",
+      "names:[IndianCities]",
+      [Spatial, "long:+82.5", "lat:N23.11", "label:[CentralIndia,       インド中部]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+82.5", "lat:+29.0",  "label:[NorthIndia,         インド北部]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+78.0", "lat:+27.2",  "label:[Agra,               アーグラ]"            ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+72.6", "lat:+23.0",  "label:[Ahmedabad,          アフマダーバード]"    ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+74.6", "lat:+26.5",  "label:[Ajmer,              アジメール]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+78.1", "lat:+27.9",  "label:[Aligarh,            アリーガル]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+74.9", "lat:+31.6",  "label:[Amritsar,           アムリトサル]"        ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+77.6", "lat:+13.0",  "label:[Bangalore,          バンガロール]"        ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+85.8", "lat:+20.2",  "label:[Bhuvaneswar,        ブヴァネーシュヴァル]"],
+      [Spatial, "long:+80.3", "lat:+13.1",  "label:[Chennai,            チェンナイ, Madras]"  ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+79.9", "lat: +6.9",  "label:[Colombo,            コロンボ]"            ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+90.4", "lat:+23.7",  "label:[Dacca,              ダッカ]"              ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+77.2", "lat:+28.6",  "label:[Delhi,              デリー]"              ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+78.5", "lat:+17.4",  "label:[Hyderabad,          ハイデラバード]"      ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+75.8", "lat:+26.9",  "label:[Jaipur,             ジャイプル]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+85.2", "lat:+27.7",  "label:[Kathmandu,          カトマンズ]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+76.2", "lat:+10.0",  "label:[Kochi,              コーチ, Cochin]"      ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+88.4", "lat:+22.6",  "label:[Kolkata,            コルカタ, Calcutta]"  ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+74.3", "lat:+31.6",  "label:[Lahor,              ラホール]"            ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+77.7", "lat:+27.5",  "label:[Mathura,            マトゥラー]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+72.8", "lat:+19.0",  "label:[Mumbai,             ムンバイ, Bombay]"    ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+76.6", "lat:+12.3",  "label:[Mysore,             マイソール]"          ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+85.1", "lat:+25.6",  "label:[Patna,              パトナ]"              ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+73.9", "lat:+18.5",  "label:[Pune,               プネー]"              ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+74.8", "lat:+34.1",  "label:[Srinagar,           シュリーナガル]"      ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+77.0", "lat: +8.5",  "label:[Thiruvananthapuram, ティルヴァナンタプラム, Trivandrum]"],
+      [Spatial, "long:+83.0", "lat:+25.3",  "label:[Varanasi,           ワーラーナシー]"      ],
+      [Spatial, "long:+75.8", "lat:+23.2",  "label:[Ujjain,             ウッジャイン]"        ]
+    ]]
+  end
+
+  module Ephemeris
+
+    #
+    # Hindu Luni-Solar Calendar Formula
+    #
+    class Hindu < Formula
+
+      # Basic Astronomical Constants for Surya-Siddhanta
+      Tz =             0.5+75.8/360 # time difference between JulianDayNumber and Ujjain
+      E  =       588_466 - Tz       # Yuga Epoch -3101-02-18T00:00:00
+      P  =           180            # Precession cycles in yuga
+      Ep =     1_903_318 - Tz       # Precession Epoch 499-01-01
+      Ob =  24.0 / 360.0            # Obliquity of the ecliptic
+
+      Grahas = {
+        'SS' => {                         #     Previous  /  Newest
+          :Star      => 1_582_237_800.0,  # 1_582_237_500 / 1_582_237_800
+          :Sun       =>     4_320_000.0,
+          :Moon      =>    57_753_336.0,
+          :Mercury   =>    17_937_000.0,
+          :Venus     =>     7_022_388.0,
+          :Mars      =>     2_296_824.0,
+          :Jupiter   =>       364_220.0,
+          :Saturn    =>       146_564.0,
+          :Candrocca =>       488_219.0,  #       488_203 /       488_219
+          :Rahu      =>      -232_226.0
+        },
+        'SB' => {
+          :Star      => 1_582_237_828.0,
+          :Sun       =>     4_320_000.0,
+          :Moon      =>    57_753_336.0,
+          :Mercury   =>    17_937_060.0,
+          :Venus     =>     7_022_376.0,
+          :Mars      =>     2_296_832.0,
+          :Jupiter   =>       364_220.0,
+          :Saturn    =>       146_568.0,
+          :Candrocca =>       488_203.0,   #      488_199 /       488_203
+          :Rahu      =>      -232_238.0
+        }
+      }
+
+      #
+      # 日月五惑星とラーフおよびケートゥ
+      #
+      # @abstract
+      class Graha
+        include When::Ephemeris
+      end
+
+      #
+      # 現代的“惑星”
+      #
+      class ModernGraha < Graha
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] t ユリウス日
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def true_longitude(t)
+          @target.coords(t, @base).phi
+        end
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Datum] target 天体
+        # @param [When::Coordinates::Spatial] base 観測地
+        #
+        def initialize(target, base)
+          @target = target
+          @base   = base
+        end
+      end
+
+      #
+      # 古典的“惑星”
+      #
+      # @abstract
+      class ClassicGraha < Graha
+
+        # 平均黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] t ユリウス日
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def mean_longitude(t)
+          _mean_rotation(t - E)
+        end
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] t ユリウス日
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def true_longitude(t)
+          _true_rotation(t - E)
+        end
+
+        # 平均黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _mean_rotation(ahar)
+          @rotation * ahar / @formula.civil_days
+        end
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Formula] formula 親オブジェクト
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation ユガあたりの回転数
+        #
+        def initialize(formula, rotation)
+          @formula  = formula
+          @rotation = rotation
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 架空の“惑星” - ラーフ / 月軌道の遠地点としてのケートゥ
+      class VirtualGraha < ClassicGraha
+
+        # 平均黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _mean_rotation(ahar)
+          super + @rotation0
+        end
+        alias :_true_rotation :_mean_rotation
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Formula] formula 親オブジェクト
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation ユガあたりの回転数
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation0 カリユガ暦元での回転量
+        #
+        def initialize(formula, rotation, rotation0)
+          @rotation0 = rotation0 / 360.0
+          super(formula, rotation)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 実在の“惑星”
+      # @abstract
+      class RealGraha < ClassicGraha
+
+        # マンダ補正
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] rot 平均近点角など / CIRCLE
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _manda_equation(rot)
+          asin(@circumm * sinc(rot)) / CIRCLE
+        end
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Formula] formula 親オブジェクト
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation ユガあたりの回転数
+        # @param [Numeric] circumm マンダ円の半径
+        # @param [Numeric] apogee 近点黄経 / CIRCLE
+        #
+        def initialize(formula, rotation, circumm, apogee)
+          @circumm = circumm / 360.0
+          @apogee  = apogee  / 360.0
+          super(formula, rotation)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 太陽と月 - 逆行しない“惑星”
+      # @abstract
+      class ConcentricGraha < RealGraha
+
+        # 平均黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _mean_rotation(ahar)
+          super + @epoch
+        end
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Formula] formula 親オブジェクト
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation ユガあたりの回転数
+        # @param [Numeric] circumm マンダ円の半径
+        # @param [Numeric] apogee 近点黄経 / CIRCLE
+        # @param [Numeric] epoch カリユガ暦元での黄経 / CIRCLE
+        #
+        def initialize(formula, rotation, circumm, apogee, epoch)
+          @epoch = epoch
+          super(formula, rotation, circumm, apogee)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 太陽
+      class Sun < ConcentricGraha
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _true_rotation(ahar)
+          mean  = _mean_rotation(ahar)
+          mean - _manda_equation(mean - @apogee)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 月
+      class Moon < ConcentricGraha
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _true_rotation(ahar)
+          mean  = _mean_rotation(ahar)
+          mean - _manda_equation(mean - @formula.graha[:Candrocca]._mean_rotation(ahar))
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 惑星 - 逆行するもの
+      # @abstract
+      class Planet < RealGraha
+
+        # シグラ補正
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] anomaly 平均近点角 / CIRCLE
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _sighra_equation(anomaly)
+          atan2(@circums * sinc(anomaly), @circums * cosc(anomaly) + 1) / CIRCLE
+        end
+
+        # 平均シグラ
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _mean_sighra(ahar)
+          @sighra * ahar / @formula.civil_days
+        end
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] ahar カリユガ暦元からの経過日数
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation 基準回転量 / CIRCLE
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def _true_rotation(ahar, rotation)
+          # first sighra correction
+          delta = _sighra_equation(_mean_sighra(ahar) - rotation) / 2
+
+          # first manda correction
+          mean  = _mean_rotation(ahar) + delta
+          delta = _manda_equation(mean - @apogee) / 2
+
+          # second manda correction
+          mean -= delta
+          delta = _manda_equation(mean - @apogee)
+
+          # second sighra correction
+          mean  = _mean_rotation(ahar) - delta
+          delta = _sighra_equation(_mean_sighra(ahar) - mean)
+
+          # true rotation
+          mean + delta
+        end
+
+        # オブジェクトの生成
+        #
+        # @param [When::Ephemeris::Formula] formula 親オブジェクト
+        # @param [Numeric] rotation ユガあたりの回転数
+        # @param [Numeric] circumm マンダ円の半径
+        # @param [Numeric] apogee 近点黄経 / CIRCLE
+        # @param [Numeric] sighra シグラ対象のカリユガあたりの回転数
+        # @param [Numeric] circums シグラ円の半径
+        #
+        def initialize(formula, rotation, circumm, apogee, sighra, circums)
+          @sighra  = sighra
+          @circums = circums / 360.0
+          super(formula, rotation, circumm, apogee)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 内惑星 - 水金
+      class InferiorPlanet < Planet
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] t ユリウス日
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def true_longitude(t)
+          ahar = t - E
+          _true_rotation(ahar, @formula.graha[:Sun]._mean_rotation(ahar))
+        end
+      end
+
+      # 外惑星 - 火木土
+      class SuperiorPlanet < Planet
+
+        # 真黄経
+        #
+        # @param [Numeric] t ユリウス日
+        #
+        # @return [Numeric]
+        #
+        def true_longitude(t)
+          ahar = t - E
+          _true_rotation(ahar, _mean_rotation(ahar))
+        end
+      end
+
+      #
+      # ユガの太陽日数
+      #
+      # @return [Numeric]
+      #
+      attr_reader :civil_days
+
+      # 日の出の日時
+      #
+      # @param [Numeric] sdn ユリウス日
+      # @param [When::TM::TemporalPosition] sdn
+      # @param [nil] height 太陽高度(本クラスでは使用しない)
+      #
+      # @return [Integer, When::TM::DateAndTime] 日の出の日時
+      #
+      def sun_rise(sdn, height=nil)
+        t   = sdn.to_i - @long / 360.0 - 0.25
+        p   = _mean_sun(t) +  P * (t - Ep) / @civil_days
+        _to_seed_type(t - asin(tand(@lat)*tan(asin(sinc(p)*sinc(Ob)))) / CIRCLE, sdn)
+      end
+
+      # 日の入りの日時
+      #
+      # @param [Numeric] sdn ユリウス日
+      # @param [When::TM::TemporalPosition] sdn
+      # @param [nil] height 太陽高度(本クラスでは使用しない)
+      #
+      # @return [Integer, When::TM::DateAndTime] 日の入りの日時
+      #
+      def sun_set(sdn, height=nil)
+        t   = sdn.to_i - @long / 360.0 + 0.25
+        p   = _mean_sun(t) +  P * (t - Ep) / @civil_days
+        _to_seed_type(t + asin(tand(@lat)*tan(asin(sinc(p)*sinc(Ob)))) / CIRCLE, sdn)
+      end
+
+      # 太陽の南中の日時
+      #
+      # @param [Numeric] sdn ユリウス日
+      # @param [When::TM::TemporalPosition] sdn
+      #
+      # @return [Integer, When::TM::DateAndTime] 太陽の南中の日時
+      #
+      def sun_noon(sdn)
+        _to_seed_type(sdn.to_i - @long / 360.0, sdn)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # オブジェクトの正規化
+      def _normalize(args=[], options={})
+        @time_standard ||= 'universal'
+        @bija          ||= 'SB'
+        super
+      end
+
+      # 九惑星オブジェクトの生成
+      def _normalize_grahas
+        grahas = Grahas[@bija]
+
+        # ユガあたりの暦定数
+        @sidereal_days   = grahas[:Star]                        # 恒星日
+        @solar_years     = grahas[:Sun]                         # 太陽年
+        @civil_days      = @sidereal_days - @solar_years        # 太陽日
+        @sidereal_months = grahas[:Moon]                        # 恒星月
+        @synodic_months  = @sidereal_months - @solar_years      # 朔望月
+        @adhimasas       = @synodic_months - 12 * @solar_years  # 閏月
+        @tithis          = 30 * @sidereal_months                # 太陰日
+        @ksayadinas      = @tithis - @civil_days                # 欠日
+
+        # 九惑星
+        @graha = {}
+        @graha.update({
+          :Sun       => Sun.new(           self, @solar_years,       13+50/60.0, 77+17/60.0, -3101)
+        }) if @formula =~ /[SL]/i
+        @graha.update({
+          :Moon      => Moon.new(          self, @sidereal_months,   31+50/60.0,  0,        -28086),
+          :Candrocca => VirtualGraha.new(  self, grahas[:Candrocca], 90.0)
+        }) if @formula =~ /[ML]/i
+        @graha.update({
+          :Mercury   => InferiorPlanet.new(self, @solar_years,       29.0, 220+27/60.0, grahas[:Mercury], 131.5),
+          :Venus     => InferiorPlanet.new(self, @solar_years,       11.5,  79+50/60.0, grahas[:Venus],   261.0),
+          :Mars      => SuperiorPlanet.new(self, grahas[:Mars],      73.5, 130+02/60.0, @solar_years,     233.5),
+          :Jupiter   => SuperiorPlanet.new(self, grahas[:Jupiter],   32.5, 171+18/60.0, @solar_years,      71.0),
+          :Saturn    => SuperiorPlanet.new(self, grahas[:Saturn],    48.5, 236+37/60.0, @solar_years,      39.5),
+          :Rahu      => VirtualGraha.new(  self, grahas[:Rahu],     180.0)
+        }) if @formula == '2L'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class TM::CalendarEra
+
+    Indian = [self, [
+      "namespace:[en=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/, ja=http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/]",
+      "locale:[=en:, ja=ja:, alias]",
+      "area:[IndianNationalSolar=en:Indian_national_calendar, インド国定暦]",
+      ["[SE=, サカ暦=, alias:Saka_Era]1.1.1", "Calendar Epoch", "79-01-01^IndianNationalSolar"]
+    ]]
+  end
+
+  module CalendarTypes
+
+    #
+    # Indian national solar calendar
+    #
+    IndianNationalSolar =  [CyclicTableBased, {
+      'label'   => When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::IndianNationalSolar'),
+      'origin_of_LSC' => 1721140,
+      'indices' => [
+         When::Coordinates::Index.new({:unit =>12, :trunk=>When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::LunarMonth::*'), :shift=>4}),
+         When::Coordinates::Index.new
+       ],
+      'rule_table'      => {
+        'T'  => {'Rule'  =>['LC', 'SC', 'SC', 'SC']},
+        'SC' => {'Rule'  =>[365]*4 + [366, 365, 365, 365]*24},
+        'LC' => {'Rule'  =>[366, 365, 365, 365]*25},
+        365  => {'Length'=>[30] + [31]*5 + [30]*6},
+        366  => {'Length'=>       [31]*6 + [30]*6}
+      },
+    }]
+
+    #
+    # Hindu Solar Calendar
+    #
+    class HinduSolar  < EphemerisBasedSolar
+
+      # protected
+
+      # 月初の通日
+      #
+      # @param  [Integer] m 通月
+      #
+      # @return [Integer] 月初の通日
+      #
+      def _new_month_(m)
+        new_month_time = @formula[0].cn_to_time(m + @cycle_offset)
+        new_month_date = (new_month_time + 0.5 + @formula[0].long/360.0).floor
+        sun_rise_time = @formula[0].sun_rise(new_month_date)
+        (sun_rise_time <= new_month_time) ? new_month_date : new_month_date-1
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # オブジェクトの正規化
+      #
+      #    @formula[0]   = 位相の計算に用いる太陽の Formula
+      #    @cycle_offset = 位相のオフセット
+      #    @start_month  = 暦年の最初の月
+      #
+      def _normalize(args=[], options={})
+        @label ||= When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::HinduSolar')
+        @type  ||= 'SBS'
+        raise ArgumentError, "Irregal formula: #{@formula}" unless @type.upcase =~ /^(M|SS|SB)(V|S|VZ|SZ)$/
+
+        @location      ||=  HinduLuniSolar::Location[$1]
+        @cycle_offset  ||=  HinduLuniSolar::CycleOffset[$1]
+        @origin_of_MSC ||= -HinduLuniSolar::YearEpoch[$2]
+        @epoch_in_CE   ||=  0
+        @start_month   ||=  1 # Maysha
+        @start_month     = @start_month.to_i
+        @cycle_offset    = @cycle_offset.to_f + (@start_month - 1)
+        formula  = @formula || HinduLuniSolar::Formula[$1]
+        if formula.kind_of?(String)
+          formula += (formula =~ /\?/) ? '&' : '?'
+          @formula = [When.Resource("_ep:#{formula}location=#{@location}&formula=12S")]
+        end
+        @indices        ||= [
+          Coordinates::Index.new({:trunk=>When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::SolarMonth::*'),
+                                  :shift=>@start_month-1}),
+          Coordinates::Index.new
+        ]
+
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Hindu Luni-Solar Calendar
+    #
+    class HinduLuniSolar  < EphemerisBasedLuniSolar
+
+      # Calendar Type
+      Formula     = {'M'=>'Formula', 'SS'=>'Hindu?bija=SS', 'SB'=>'Hindu?bija=SB'}
+      Location    = {'M'=>'_co:IndianCities::CentralIndia', 'SS'=>'_co:IndianCities::Ujjain', 'SB'=>'_co:IndianCities::Ujjain'}
+      CycleOffset = {'M'=>+23.25/30, 'SS'=>0.0, 'SB'=>0.0}
+      HinduStyle = {'A'=>0, 'P'=>1, 'PX'=>2}
+      YearEpoch   = {'V'=>-58,'VZ'=>-57,'S'=>78, 'SZ'=>79}
+
+      # White / black  month and leap month identification table
+
+                   #[w]/b  [n]/l      #0     #1    #2
+      LEAP_MAP  = {[nil,  false] => [ 0,    0,    0  ],
+                   [nil,  true ] => [-1.5, -1.5, -1.5],
+                   [true, false] => [+0.5, -0.5, -2.5],
+                   [true, true ] => [-1,   -2,   -1  ]}
+
+      # protected
+
+      # 月初の通日
+      #
+      # @param  [Integer] m 通月
+      #
+      # @return [Integer] 月初の通日
+      #
+      def _new_month_(m)
+        new_moon_time = @formula[-1].cn_to_time(m)
+        new_moon_date = (new_moon_time + 0.5 + @formula[-1].long/360.0).floor
+        sun_rise_time = @formula[-1].sun_rise(new_moon_date)
+        (sun_rise_time >= new_moon_time) ? new_moon_date : new_moon_date+1
+      end
+
+      # 年初の通月
+      #
+      # @param  [Integer] y 年
+      #
+      # @return [Integer] 年初の通月
+      #
+      def _new_year_month_(y)
+        (Residue.mod(y-1) {|t| _tithi_to_coordinates(t*15)[0]})[0] + 1
+      end
+
+      # 朔望日 -> 年・月・日
+      #
+      # tithi   : 朔望日(月の位相 / (CIRCLE/30))
+      #
+      # @return [Array<Numeric>] ( y, m, d )
+      #   [ y - 年(Integer) ]
+      #   [ m - 月(When::Coordinates::Pair) ]
+      #   [ d - 日(Integer) ]
+      #
+      def _tithi_to_coordinates(tithi)
+        m, d = tithi.divmod(30)
+        s    = [0,1,2].map {|i| (@formula[1].time_to_cn(30*(m+i)) - @cycle_offset).floor + 1 }
+        f    = s[0]==s[1]
+        if (d >= 15.0)
+          d -=  15
+          b  = true
+          n  = true   unless @hindu_style==0
+          f  = s[1]==s[2] if @hindu_style==1
+        end
+        y, m = (n ? s[1] : s[0]).divmod(12)
+        return [y, Pair._force_pair(m+1, LEAP_MAP[[b,f]][@hindu_style]), d.floor]
+      end
+
+      # 日時要素の翻訳表の取得
+      #
+      # @overload _ids_(date)
+      #   @param [Array<Numeric>] date ( 年 )
+      #   @return [Array<When::Coordinates::Pair>] 1年の月の配置の翻訳表
+      #
+      # @overload _ids_(date)
+      #   @param [Array<Numeric>] date ( 年 月 )
+      #   @return [Array<When::Coordinates::Pair>] 1月の日の配置の翻訳表
+      #   @note 月は 0 始まりの通番
+      #
+      def _ids_(date)
+        y, m = date
+        y    = +y
+        mm   = _new_year_month(y)
+        return (_table(_new_month_(mm+m.to_i)) {|i| _new_month(mm+m+i/15.0)}) if m
+        table = (0...26).to_a.map {|i| _tithi_to_coordinates((mm+i)*15)[1]}
+        table.pop while table[-1].trunk < 11
+        return table
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # 日時要素の翻訳表の作成
+      def _table(b0)
+        table = [Pair._force_pair(0,0)]
+        (1..16).each do |i|
+          b1 = yield(i)
+          case b1-b0
+          when 0 ; table[-1] = Pair._force_pair(i-1, -2)
+          when 1 ; table << Pair._force_pair(i, 0)
+          when 2 ; table << Pair._force_pair(i, 0) << Pair._force_pair(i, 1)
+          else   ; raise ArgumentError, "Irregal date span: #{b1-b0}"
+          end
+          b0 =  b1
+        end
+        table.pop while table[-1].trunk >= 16
+        table.shift
+        return table
+      end
+
+      # オブジェクトの正規化
+      #
+      #    @formula      = 位相の計算に用いる太陽・変換・月の Formula
+      #    @cycle_offset = 位相のオフセット
+      #    @hindu_style  = 閏月の表現方法
+      #    @start_month  = 暦年の最初の月
+      #
+      def _normalize(args=[], options={})
+        @label ||= When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::HinduLuniSolar')
+        @type  ||= 'SBSA'
+        raise ArgumentError, "Irregal formula: #{@formula}" unless @type.upcase =~ /^(M|SS|SB)(V|S|VZ|SZ)(A|P|PX)$/
+
+        @location      ||=  Location[$1]
+        @cycle_offset  ||=  CycleOffset[$1]
+        @origin_of_MSC ||= -YearEpoch[$2]
+        @hindu_style  ||=  HinduStyle[$3]
+        @epoch_in_CE   ||=  0
+        @start_month   ||=  5 # Chaitra
+        @start_month     = @start_month.to_i
+        @cycle_offset    = @cycle_offset.to_f + (@start_month - 5)
+        @hindu_style    = @hindu_style.to_i
+        @origin_of_MSC   = @origin_of_MSC.to_i
+        formula  = @formula || Formula[$1]
+        if formula.kind_of?(String)
+          formula += (formula =~ /\?/) ? '&' : '?'
+          @formula = When.Resource(["_ep:#{formula}formula=12S",
+                               "_ep:#{formula}formula=30L->12S",
+                               "_ep:#{formula}location=#{@location}&formula=2L"])
+        end
+        intercalary_month = When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::IntercalaryMonth::*')
+        intercalary_day   = When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::IntercalaryDay::*')
+        @indices        ||= [
+          Coordinates::Index.new({:branch=>{-2.5 => intercalary_month[1],  #   黒分
+                                            -2   => intercalary_month[3],  # 閏黒分
+                                            -1.5 => intercalary_month[2],  # 閏白分
+                                            -1   => intercalary_month[3],  # 閏黒分
+                                            -0.5 => intercalary_month[1],  #   黒分
+                                             0   => intercalary_month[0],  #   白分
+                                            +0.5 => intercalary_month[1]}, #   黒分
+                                  :trunk=>When.Resource('_m:IndianTerms::LunarMonth::*'),
+                                  :shift=>@start_month-1}),
+          Coordinates::Index.new({:branch=>{-2=>intercalary_day[0], -1=>intercalary_day[1]}})
+        ]
+
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    class CalendarNote
+      #
+      # ヒンドゥー系の暦注
+      #
+      class HinduNote < self
+
+        NoteObjects = [When::BasicTypes::M17n, [
+          "namespace:[en=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/, ja=http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/]",
+          "locale:[=en:, ja=ja:, alias=ja:]",
+          "names:[Hindu]",
+
+          # 年の暦注 ----------------------------
+          [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+            "names:[year]"
+          ],
+
+          # 月の暦注 ----------------------------
+          [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+            "names:[month]",
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[Month]"
+            ]
+          ],
+
+          # 日の暦注 ----------------------------
+          [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+            "names:[day]",
+
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[tithi=, ティティ=ja:%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3]",
+              "[Amavasya                  ]", # 新月
+              "[Pratipad=en:Prathama_(day)]", #  1
+              "[Dwitiya                   ]", #  2
+              "[Tritiya                   ]", #  3
+              "[Chaturthi                 ]", #  4
+              "[Panchami                  ]", #  5
+              "[Ṣaṣṭhī=en:Shashti         ]", #  6
+              "[Saptami                   ]", #  7
+              "[Ashtami                   ]", #  8
+              "[Navami                    ]", #  9
+              "[Dashami                   ]", # 10
+              "[Ekadashi                  ]", # 11
+              "[Dwadashi                  ]", # 12
+              "[Thrayodashi               ]", # 13
+              "[Chaturdashi               ]", # 14
+              "[Purnima                   ]"  # 満月
+            ],
+
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[vāra=, ヴァーラ=, *vara=]",
+              "[Ravi=en:S%C5%ABrya, 日曜日]",
+              "[Soma,               月曜日]",
+              "[Maṅgala=en:Mangala, 火曜日]",
+              "[Budha,              水曜日]",
+              "[Guru,               木曜日]",
+              "[Śukra=en:Shukra,    金曜日]",
+              "[Śani=en:Shani,      土曜日]" 
+            ],
+
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[nakṣatra=, ナクシャトラ=, *naksatra=]",
+              "[Aśvinī=en:Ashvin%C4%AB,                           アシュヴィニー=,     婁宿]", #  1
+              "[Bharaṇī=en:Bharan%C4%AB,                          バラニー=,           胃宿]", #  2
+              "[Kṛttikā=en:Krittik%C4%81,                         クリッティカー=,     昴宿]", #  3
+              "[Rohiṇī=en:Rohini_(nakshatra),                     ローヒニ―=,         畢宿]", #  4
+              "[Mṛgaśiras=en:Mrigash%C4%ABrsha,                   ムリガシラス=,       觜宿]", #  5
+              "[Ārdrā=en:Ardra_(nakshatra),                       アールドラー=,       參宿]", #  6
+              "[Punarvasu=en:Punarvasu,                           プナルヴァス=,       井宿]", #  7
+              "[Puṣya=en:Pushya,                                  プシュヤ=,           鬼宿]", #  8
+              "[Aśleṣā=en:%C4%80shlesh%C4%81,                     アーシュレーシャー=, 柳宿]", #  9
+              "[Maghā=en:Magh%C4%81,                              マガー=,             星宿]", # 10
+              "[P. Phalguṇī=en:P%C5%ABrva_Phalgun%C4%AB,          P. パールグニー=,    張宿]", # 11
+              "[U. Phalguṇī=en:Uttara_Phalgun%C4%AB,              U. パールグニー=,    翼宿]", # 12
+              "[Hasta=en:Nakshatra#Divisions,                     ハスタ=,             軫宿]", # 13
+              "[Citrā=en:Nakshatra#Divisions,                     チトラー=,           角宿]", # 14
+              "[Svāti=en:Sv%C4%81t%C4%AB,                         スヴァーティー=,     亢宿]", # 15
+              "[Viśākha=en:Vish%C4%81kh%C4%81,                    ヴィシャーカー=,     氐宿]", # 16
+              "[Anurādhā=en:Anur%C4%81dh%C4%81,                   アヌラーダー=,       房宿]", # 17
+              "[Jyeṣṭha=en:Jyeshtha,                              ジェーシュター=,     心宿]", # 18
+              "[Mūla=en:Mula_(astrology),                         ムーラ=,             尾宿]", # 19
+              "[P. āṣāḍha=en:P%C5%ABrva_Ash%C4%81dh%C4%81,        P. アーシャーダー=,  箕宿]", # 20
+              "[U. āṣāḍha=en:Uttara_Ash%C4%81dh%C4%81,            U. アーシャーダー=,  斗宿]", # 21
+              "[Śravaṇa=en:Shravana,                              シュラヴァナ=,       女宿]", # 22
+              "[Śraviṣṭhā=en:Dhanishta,                           ダニシュター=,       虛宿]", # 23
+              "[Śatabhiṣak=en:Shatabhish%C4%81,                   シャタビシャジュ=,   危宿]", # 24
+              "[P. Bhādrapadā=en:P%C5%ABrva_Bh%C4%81drapad%C4%81, P. バードラパダー=,  室宿]", # 25
+              "[U. Bhādrapadā=en:Uttara_Bh%C4%81drapad%C4%81,     U. バードラパダー=,  壁宿]", # 26
+              "[Revatī=en:Revati_(nakshatra),                     レーヴァティー=,     奎宿]"  # 27
+            ],
+
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[yoga=, ヨーガ=]",
+              "[iṣkambha=]", #  1
+              "[rīti=    ]", #  2
+              "[yuśmān=  ]", #  3
+              "[aubhāgya=]", #  4
+              "[obhana=  ]", #  5
+              "[tigaṇḍa= ]", #  6
+              "[ukarma=  ]", #  7
+              "[hṛti=    ]", #  8
+              "[ūla=     ]", #  9
+              "[aṇḍa=    ]", # 10
+              "[ṛddhi=   ]", # 11
+              "[hruva=   ]", # 12
+              "[yāghatā= ]", # 13
+              "[arṣaṇa=  ]", # 14
+              "[ajra=    ]", # 15
+              "[iddhi=   ]", # 16
+              "[yatipāta=]", # 17
+              "[ariyas=  ]", # 18
+              "[arigha=  ]", # 19
+              "[iva=     ]", # 20
+              "[iddha=   ]", # 21
+              "[ādhya=   ]", # 22
+              "[ubha=    ]", # 23
+              "[ukla=    ]", # 24
+              "[rahma=   ]", # 25
+              "[āhendra= ]", # 26
+              "[aidhṛti= ]"  # 27
+            ],
+
+            [When::BasicTypes::M17n,
+              "names:[Karaṇa=, カラナ=, *karana]",
+              "[Bava=,      バヴァ=        ]", # 1
+              "[Bālava=,    バーラヴァ=    ]", # 2
+              "[Kaulava=,   カウラヴァ=    ]", # 3
+              "[Taitila=,   タイティラ=    ]", # 4
+              "[Gara=,      ガラ=          ]", # 5
+              "[Vaṇija=,    ヴァニジュ=    ]", # 6
+              "[Viṣṭi=,     ヴィシュティ=  ]", # 7
+              "[Kiṃtughna=, キンストゥグナ=]", # A
+              "[Śakuni=,    シャクニ=      ]", # B
+              "[Catuṣpāda=, チャトシュパダ=]", # C
+              "[Nāga=,      ナーガ=        ]"  # D
+            ]
+          ]
+        ]]
+
+        NoteConsts = {
+          'tithi' => {
+            :formula => 15,
+            :range   => (-1..2),
+            :index   => [ 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,
+                         15,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
+          },
+          'naksatra' => {
+            :formula => '27M',
+            :range   => (-1..2),
+            :index   => (0...27).to_a
+          },
+          'yoga' => {
+            :formula => '27M+27S',
+            :range   => (-1..2),
+            :index   => (0...27).to_a
+          },
+          'karana' => {
+            :formula => 30,
+            :range   => (-2..3),
+            :index   => [7] + (0...7).to_a * 8 + [8,9,10]
+          }
+        }
+
+        #
+        # pancanga 計算に必要となる情報をまとめた内部クラス
+        #
+        class Dates
+
+          # @private
+          attr_reader :o_date, :l_date, :root, :formula, :iri, :rises
+
+          # 初期設定
+          # @private
+          def initialize(date)
+            @o_date  = date
+            clock    = date.clock
+            frame    = date.frame if date.frame.kind_of?(When::CalendarTypes::HinduLuniSolar)
+            @l_date  = (clock && frame) ? date :
+              (frame || When.Calendar('HinduLuniSolar?note=HinduNote')).jul_trans(date, {:clock=>clock||'+05:30'})
+            @root    = When.CalendarNote('HinduNote/NoteObjects')['day']
+            @formula = @l_date.frame.formula[-1]
+            @iri     = @formula.iri.gsub(/%3A%3A/, '::')
+            @rises   = [@formula.sun_rise(@l_date), @formula.sun_rise(@l_date+When.Duration('P1D'))]
+          end
+
+          # その他のメソッドは @l_date に移譲する
+          def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
+            @l_date.send(name.to_sym, *args, &block)
+          end
+        end
+
+        #
+        # 任意の暦をインド太陰太陽暦日に変換
+        # @private
+        def _to_date_for_note(date)
+          Dates.new(date)
+        end
+
+        #
+        # ヴァーラ (七曜)
+        #
+        # @param [Dates] dates
+        #
+        # @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] 日の出の時刻をイベント時刻とする
+        #
+        def vara(dates)
+          rise        =  dates.rises[0]
+          rise.events = [dates.root['vara'][(rise.to_i+1) % 7]]
+          [rise]
+        end
+
+        #
+        # ヴァーラ以外
+        #
+
+        # 当該日付中でティティが変わる日時
+        # @method tithi(dates)
+        #   @param [Dates] dates
+        #   @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] イベント日時
+
+        # 当該日付中でナクシャトラが変わる日時
+        # @method naksatra(dates)
+        #   @param [Dates] dates
+        #   @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] イベント日時
+
+        # 当該日付中でヨーガが変わる日時
+        # @method yoga(dates)
+        #   @param [Dates] dates
+        #   @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] イベント日時
+
+        # 当該日付中でカラナが変わる日時
+        # @method karana(dates)
+        #   @param [Dates] dates
+        #   @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] イベント日時
+        #
+
+        # @private
+        NoteConsts.keys.each do |key|
+          module_eval %Q{
+            def #{key}(dates)
+              pancanga(dates, '#{key}')
+            end
+          }
+        end
+
+        #
+        # ヴァーラ以外のイベント日時
+        #
+        # @param [Dates] dates
+        # @param [String] key 'tithi', 'naksatra', 'yoga', 'karana' のいずれか
+        # @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition>] イベント日時
+        #
+        def pancanga(dates, key)
+          pattern = NoteConsts[key]
+          note    = dates.root[key]
+          if pattern[:formula].kind_of?(Numeric)
+            factor  = pattern[:formula].to_f
+            formula = dates.formula
+          else
+            factor  = 1.0
+            formula = When.Resource(dates.iri.sub(/formula=2L/, "formula=#{pattern[:formula]}"))
+          end
+          cn      = (formula.time_to_cn(dates.l_date) * factor).floor
+          events  = []
+          pattern[:range].each do |i|
+            event = formula._to_seed_type(formula.cn_to_time((cn+i)/factor), dates.l_date)
+            break if +event >= +dates.rises[1]
+            next  if +event <  +dates.rises[0]
+            event.events = [note[pattern[:index][(cn+i) % pattern[:index].length]]]
+            events << event
+          end
+          events
+        end
+      end
+
+      #
+      # 日の出の九惑星の位置まで計算
+      #
+      class HinduNoteDetailed < HinduNote
+        #
+        # ヴァーラ (七曜)と九惑星の位置
+        #
+        # @param [Dates] dates
+        # @return [Array<When::TM::TemporalPosition, Hash{ 惑星シンボル=>惑星の真黄経 }>]
+        #   日の出の時刻をイベント時刻とし、その時刻での九惑星の位置を計算
+        #
+        def vara(dates)
+          rise        =  dates.rises[0]
+          rise.events = [dates.root['vara'][(rise.to_i+1) % 7]]
+          t           = dates.formula.is_dynamical ? +rise : rise.to_f
+          [rise, dates.formula.graha.keys.inject({}) {|h,p|
+            h.store(p, dates.formula.graha[p].true_longitude(t))
+            h
+          }]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end