wgit 0.5.0 → 0.9.0

data/bin/wgit

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'wgit'
+
+# Eval .wgit.rb file (if it exists somewhere).
+def eval_wgit(filepath = nil)
+  puts 'Searching for .wgit.rb file in local and home directories...'
+
+  [filepath, Dir.pwd, Dir.home].each do |dir|
+    path = "#{dir}/.wgit.rb"
+    next unless File.exist?(path)
+
+    puts "Eval'ing #{path}"
+    puts 'Call `eval_wgit` after changes to re-eval the file'
+    eval(File.read(path))
+
+    break
+  end
+
+  nil
+end
+
+eval_wgit
+puts "\n#{Wgit.version_str}\n\n"
+
+# Use Pry if installed or fall back to IRB.
+begin
+  require 'pry'
+  klass = Pry
+rescue LoadError
+  require 'irb'
+  klass = IRB
+
+  puts "Starting IRB because Pry isn't installed."
+end
+
+klass.start
+
+puts 'Interactive session complete.'

data/lib/wgit.rb

@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ require_relative 'wgit/assertable'
 require_relative 'wgit/utils'
 require_relative 'wgit/url'
 require_relative 'wgit/document'
-require_relative 'wgit/document_extensions'
+require_relative 'wgit/document_extractors'
 require_relative 'wgit/crawler'
 require_relative 'wgit/database/model'
 require_relative 'wgit/database/database'
 require_relative 'wgit/indexer'
+require_relative 'wgit/dsl'
+require_relative 'wgit/base'
 # require_relative 'wgit/core_ext' - Must be explicitly required.

data/lib/wgit/assertable.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ module Wgit
     # Default type fail message.
     DEFAULT_TYPE_FAIL_MSG = 'Expected: %s, Actual: %s'
     # Wrong method message.
-    WRONG_METHOD_MSG = 'arr must be Enumerable, use a different method'
+    NON_ENUMERABLE_MSG = 'Expected an Enumerable responding to #each, not: %s'
     # Default duck fail message.
     DEFAULT_DUCK_FAIL_MSG = "%s doesn't respond_to? %s"
     # Default required keys message.
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ present: %s"
     # @raise [StandardError] If the assertion fails.
     # @return [Object] The given arr on successful assertion.
     def assert_arr_types(arr, type_or_types, msg = nil)
-      raise WRONG_METHOD_MSG unless arr.respond_to?(:each)
+      raise format(NON_ENUMERABLE_MSG, arr.class) unless arr.respond_to?(:each)
 
       arr.each { |obj| assert_types(obj, type_or_types, msg) }
     end
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ present: %s"
     # @raise [StandardError] If the assertion fails.
     # @return [Object] The given obj_or_objs on successful assertion.
     def assert_respond_to(obj_or_objs, methods, msg = nil)
-      methods = [methods] unless methods.respond_to?(:all?)
+      methods = *methods
 
       if obj_or_objs.respond_to?(:each)
         obj_or_objs.each { |obj| _assert_respond_to(obj, methods, msg) }

data/lib/wgit/base.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+module Wgit
+  # Class to inherit from, as an alternative form of using the `Wgit::DSL`.
+  # All subclasses must define a `#parse(doc, &block)` method.
+  class Base
+    extend Wgit::DSL
+
+    # Runs the crawl/index passing each crawled `Wgit::Document` and the given
+    # block to the subclass's `#parse` method.
+    def self.run(&block)
+      obj = new
+      unless obj.respond_to?(:parse)
+        raise "#{obj.class} must respond_to? #parse(doc, &block)"
+      end
+
+      crawl_method = @method || :crawl
+      send(crawl_method) { |doc| obj.parse(doc, &block) }
+
+      obj
+    end
+
+    # Sets the crawl/index method to call when `Base.run` is called.
+    # The mode method must match one defined in the `Wgit::Crawler` or
+    # `Wgit::Indexer` class.
+    #
+    # @param method [Symbol] The crawl/index method to call.
+    def self.mode(method)
+      @method = method
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/wgit/core_ext.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class String
   #
   # @return [Wgit::Url] The converted URL.
   def to_url
-    Wgit::Url.new(self)
+    Wgit::Url.parse(self)
   end
 end
 

data/lib/wgit/crawler.rb

@@ -5,26 +5,55 @@ require_relative 'document'
 require_relative 'utils'
 require_relative 'assertable'
 require_relative 'response'
+require 'set'
+require 'benchmark'
 require 'typhoeus'
+require 'ferrum'
 
 module Wgit
-  # The Crawler class provides a means of crawling web based HTTP Wgit::Url's,
-  # serialising their HTML into Wgit::Document instances. This is the only Wgit
-  # class which contains network logic e.g. request/response handling.
+  # The Crawler class provides a means of crawling web based HTTP `Wgit::Url`s,
+  # and serialising their HTML into `Wgit::Document` instances. This is the
+  # only Wgit class containing network logic (HTTP request/response handling).
   class Crawler
     include Assertable
 
+    # Set of supported file extensions for Wgit::Crawler#crawl_site.
+    @supported_file_extensions = Set.new(
+      %w[asp aspx cfm cgi htm html htmlx jsp php]
+    )
+
+    class << self
+      # The URL file extensions (from `<a>` hrefs) which will be crawled by
+      # `#crawl_site`. The idea is to omit anything that isn't HTML and therefore
+      # doesn't keep the crawl of the site going. All URL's without a file
+      # extension will be crawled, because they're assumed to be HTML.
+      # The `#crawl` method will crawl anything since it's given the URL(s).
+      # You can add your own site's URL file extension e.g.
+      # `Wgit::Crawler.supported_file_extensions << 'html5'` etc.
+      attr_reader :supported_file_extensions
+    end
+
     # The amount of allowed redirects before raising an error. Set to 0 to
-    # disable redirects completely.
+    # disable redirects completely; or you can pass `follow_redirects: false`
+    # to any Wgit::Crawler.crawl_* method.
     attr_accessor :redirect_limit
 
     # The maximum amount of time (in seconds) a crawl request has to complete
     # before raising an error. Set to 0 to disable time outs completely.
-    attr_accessor :time_out
+    attr_accessor :timeout
+
+    # Whether or not to UTF-8 encode the response body once crawled. Set to
+    # false if crawling more than just HTML e.g. images.
+    attr_accessor :encode
 
-    # Whether or not to UTF-8 encode the HTML once crawled. Set to false if
-    # crawling more than just HTML e.g. images etc.
-    attr_accessor :encode_html
+    # Whether or not to parse the Javascript of the crawled document.
+    # Parsing requires Chrome/Chromium to be installed and in $PATH.
+    attr_accessor :parse_javascript
+
+    # The delay between checks in a page's HTML size. When the page has stopped
+    # "growing", the Javascript has finished dynamically updating the DOM.
+    # The value should balance between a good UX and enough JS parse time.
+    attr_accessor :parse_javascript_delay
 
     # The Wgit::Response of the most recently crawled URL.
     attr_reader :last_response
@@ -33,21 +62,32 @@ module Wgit
     #
     # @param redirect_limit [Integer] The amount of allowed redirects before
     #   raising an error. Set to 0 to disable redirects completely.
-    # @param time_out [Integer, Float] The maximum amount of time (in seconds)
+    # @param timeout [Integer, Float] The maximum amount of time (in seconds)
     #   a crawl request has to complete before raising an error. Set to 0 to
     #   disable time outs completely.
-    # @param encode_html [Boolean] Whether or not to UTF-8 encode the HTML once
-    #   crawled. Set to false if crawling more than just HTML e.g. images etc.
-    def initialize(redirect_limit: 5, time_out: 5, encode_html: true)
-      @redirect_limit = redirect_limit
-      @time_out       = time_out
-      @encode_html    = encode_html
+    # @param encode [Boolean] Whether or not to UTF-8 encode the response body
+    #   once crawled. Set to false if crawling more than just HTML e.g. images.
+    # @param parse_javascript [Boolean] Whether or not to parse the Javascript
+    #   of the crawled document. Parsing requires Chrome/Chromium to be
+    #   installed and in $PATH.
+    def initialize(redirect_limit: 5, timeout: 5, encode: true,
+                   parse_javascript: false, parse_javascript_delay: 1)
+      @redirect_limit         = redirect_limit
+      @timeout                = timeout
+      @encode                 = encode
+      @parse_javascript       = parse_javascript
+      @parse_javascript_delay = parse_javascript_delay
     end
 
     # Crawls an entire website's HTML pages by recursively going through
-    # its internal <a> links. Each crawled Document is yielded to a block. Use
-    # the allow and disallow paths params to partially and selectively crawl a
-    # site.
+    # its internal `<a>` links; this can be overridden with `follow: xpath`.
+    # Each crawled Document is yielded to a block. Use `doc.empty?` to
+    # determine if the crawled link was successful / is valid.
+    #
+    # Use the allow and disallow paths params to partially and selectively
+    # crawl a site; the glob syntax is fully supported e.g. `'wiki/\*'` etc.
+    # Note that each path must NOT start with a slash; the only exception being
+    # a `/` on its own with no other characters, referring to the index page.
     #
     # Only redirects to the same host are followed. For example, the Url
     # 'http://www.example.co.uk/how' has a host of 'www.example.co.uk' meaning
@@ -60,69 +100,79 @@ module Wgit
     # @param url [Wgit::Url] The base URL of the website to be crawled.
     #   It is recommended that this URL be the index page of the site to give a
     #   greater chance of finding all pages within that site/host.
-    # @param allow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters links by selecting
-    #   them only if their path includes one of allow_paths.
-    # @param disallow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters links by rejecting
-    #   them if their path includes one of disallow_paths.
+    # @param follow [String] The xpath extracting links to be followed during
+    #   the crawl. This changes how a site is crawled. Only links pointing to
+    #   the site domain are allowed. The `:default` is any `<a>` href returning
+    #   HTML.
+    # @param allow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters the `follow:` links by
+    #   selecting them if their path `File.fnmatch?` one of allow_paths.
+    # @param disallow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters the `follow` links
+    #   by rejecting them if their path `File.fnmatch?` one of disallow_paths.
     # @yield [doc] Given each crawled page (Wgit::Document) of the site.
     #   A block is the only way to interact with each crawled Document.
+    #   Use `doc.empty?` to determine if the page is valid.
     # @return [Array<Wgit::Url>, nil] Unique Array of external urls collected
-    #   from all of the site's pages or nil if the url could not be
+    #   from all of the site's pages or nil if the given url could not be
     #   crawled successfully.
-    def crawl_site(url, allow_paths: nil, disallow_paths: nil, &block)
+    def crawl_site(
+      url, follow: :default, allow_paths: nil, disallow_paths: nil, &block
+    )
       doc = crawl_url(url, &block)
       return nil if doc.nil?
 
-      crawl_opts = { follow_external_redirects: false, host: url.to_base }
-      link_opts  = { allow_paths: allow_paths, disallow_paths: disallow_paths }
-
+      link_opts = {
+        xpath: follow,
+        allow_paths: allow_paths,
+        disallow_paths: disallow_paths
+      }
       alt_url   = url.end_with?('/') ? url.chop : url + '/'
-      crawled   = [url, alt_url]
-      externals = doc.external_links
-      internals = get_internal_links(doc, link_opts)
 
-      return doc.external_links.uniq if internals.empty?
+      crawled   = Set.new([url, alt_url])
+      externals = Set.new(doc.external_links)
+      internals = Set.new(next_internal_links(doc, **link_opts))
 
-      loop do
-        crawled.uniq!
-        internals.uniq!
+      return externals.to_a if internals.empty?
 
+      loop do
         links = internals - crawled
         break if links.empty?
 
         links.each do |link|
           orig_link = link.dup
-          doc = crawl_url(link, crawl_opts, &block)
+          doc = crawl_url(link, follow_redirects: :host, &block)
 
-          crawled.push(orig_link, link) # Push both in case of redirects.
+          crawled += [orig_link, link] # Push both links in case of redirects.
           next if doc.nil?
 
-          internals.concat(get_internal_links(doc, link_opts))
-          externals.concat(doc.external_links)
+          internals += next_internal_links(doc, **link_opts)
+          externals += doc.external_links
         end
       end
 
-      externals.uniq
+      externals.to_a
     end
 
     # Crawls one or more individual urls using Wgit::Crawler#crawl_url
     # underneath. See Wgit::Crawler#crawl_site for crawling entire sites.
     #
     # @param urls [*Wgit::Url] The Url's to crawl.
+    # @param follow_redirects [Boolean, Symbol] Whether or not to follow
+    #   redirects. Pass a Symbol to limit where the redirect is allowed to go
+    #   e.g. :host only allows redirects within the same host. Choose from
+    #   :origin, :host, :domain or :brand. See Wgit::Url#relative? opts param.
+    #   This value will be used for all urls crawled.
     # @yield [doc] Given each crawled page (Wgit::Document); this is the only
-    #   way to interact with them.
+    #   way to interact with them. Use `doc.empty?` to determine if the page
+    #   is valid.
     # @raise [StandardError] If no urls are provided.
     # @return [Wgit::Document] The last Document crawled.
-    def crawl_urls(*urls, follow_external_redirects: true, host: nil, &block)
+    def crawl_urls(*urls, follow_redirects: true, &block)
       raise 'You must provide at least one Url' if urls.empty?
 
-      opts = {
-        follow_external_redirects: follow_external_redirects,
-        host: host
-      }
+      opts = { follow_redirects: follow_redirects }
       doc = nil
 
-      Wgit::Utils.each(urls) { |url| doc = crawl_url(url, opts, &block) }
+      Wgit::Utils.each(urls) { |url| doc = crawl_url(url, **opts, &block) }
 
       doc
     end
@@ -130,34 +180,25 @@ module Wgit
     # Crawl the url returning the response Wgit::Document or nil, if an error
     # occurs.
     #
-    # @param url [Wgit::Url] The Url to crawl; which will likely be modified.
-    # @param follow_external_redirects [Boolean] Whether or not to follow
-    #   an external redirect. External meaning to a different host. False will
-    #   return nil for such a crawl. If false, you must also provide a `host:`
-    #   parameter.
-    # @param host [Wgit::Url, String] Specify the host by which
-    #   an absolute redirect is determined to be internal or not. Must be
-    #   absolute and contain a protocol prefix. For example, a `host:` of
-    #   'http://www.example.com' will only allow redirects for Url's with a
-    #   `to_host` value of 'www.example.com'.
+    # @param url [Wgit::Url] The Url to crawl; which will be modified in the
+    #   event of a redirect.
+    # @param follow_redirects [Boolean, Symbol] Whether or not to follow
+    #   redirects. Pass a Symbol to limit where the redirect is allowed to go
+    #   e.g. :host only allows redirects within the same host. Choose from
+    #   :origin, :host, :domain or :brand. See Wgit::Url#relative? opts param.
     # @yield [doc] The crawled HTML page (Wgit::Document) regardless if the
     #   crawl was successful or not. Therefore, Document#url etc. can be used.
+    #   Use `doc.empty?` to determine if the page is valid.
     # @return [Wgit::Document, nil] The crawled HTML Document or nil if the
     #   crawl was unsuccessful.
-    def crawl_url(url, follow_external_redirects: true, host: nil)
+    def crawl_url(url, follow_redirects: true)
       # A String url isn't allowed because it's passed by value not reference,
       # meaning a redirect isn't reflected; A Wgit::Url is passed by reference.
       assert_type(url, Wgit::Url)
-      raise 'host cannot be nil if follow_external_redirects is false' \
-      if !follow_external_redirects && host.nil?
 
-      html = fetch(
-        url,
-        follow_external_redirects: follow_external_redirects,
-        host: host
-      )
+      html = fetch(url, follow_redirects: follow_redirects)
+      doc  = Wgit::Document.new(url, html, encode: @encode)
 
-      doc = Wgit::Document.new(url, html, encode_html: @encode_html)
       yield(doc) if block_given?
 
       doc.empty? ? nil : doc
@@ -165,31 +206,28 @@ module Wgit
 
     protected
 
-    # Returns the url HTML String or nil. Handles any errors that arise
+    # Returns the URL's HTML String or nil. Handles any errors that arise
     # and sets the @last_response. Errors or any HTTP response that doesn't
     # return a HTML body will be ignored, returning nil.
     #
+    # If @parse_javascript is true, then the final resolved URL will be browsed
+    # to and Javascript parsed allowing for dynamic HTML generation.
+    #
     # @param url [Wgit::Url] The URL to fetch. This Url object is passed by
     #   reference and gets modified as a result of the fetch/crawl.
-    # @param follow_external_redirects [Boolean] Whether or not to follow
-    #   an external redirect. False will return nil for such a crawl. If false,
-    #   you must also provide a `host:` parameter.
-    # @param host [Wgit::Url, String] Specify the host by which
-    #   an absolute redirect is determined to be internal or not. Must be
-    #   absolute and contain a protocol prefix. For example, a `host:` of
-    #   'http://www.example.com' will only allow redirects for Urls with a
-    #   `to_host` value of 'www.example.com'.
+    # @param follow_redirects [Boolean, Symbol] Whether or not to follow
+    #   redirects. Pass a Symbol to limit where the redirect is allowed to go
+    #   e.g. :host only allows redirects within the same host. Choose from
+    #   :origin, :host, :domain or :brand. See Wgit::Url#relative? opts param.
+    # @raise [StandardError] If url isn't valid and absolute.
     # @return [String, nil] The crawled HTML or nil if the crawl was
     #   unsuccessful.
-    def fetch(url, follow_external_redirects: true, host: nil)
+    def fetch(url, follow_redirects: true)
       response = Wgit::Response.new
+      raise "Invalid url: #{url}" if url.invalid?
 
-      resolve(
-        url,
-        response,
-        follow_external_redirects: follow_external_redirects,
-        host: host
-      )
+      resolve(url, response, follow_redirects: follow_redirects)
+      get_browser_response(url, response) if @parse_javascript
 
       response.body_or_nil
     rescue StandardError => e
@@ -209,18 +247,17 @@ module Wgit
     # @param url [Wgit::Url] The URL to GET and resolve.
     # @param response [Wgit::Response] The response to enrich. Modifies by
     #   reference.
-    # @param follow_external_redirects [Boolean] Whether or not to follow
-    #   an external redirect. If false, you must also provide a `host:`
-    #   parameter.
-    # @param host [Wgit::Url, String] Specify the host by which
-    #   an absolute redirect is determined to be internal or not. Must be
-    #   absolute and contain a protocol prefix. For example, a `host:` of
-    #   'http://www.example.com' will only allow redirects for Urls with a
-    #   `to_host` value of 'www.example.com'.
+    # @param follow_redirects [Boolean, Symbol] Whether or not to follow
+    #   redirects. Pass a Symbol to limit where the redirect is allowed to go
+    #   e.g. :host only allows redirects within the same host. Choose from
+    #   :origin, :host, :domain or :brand. See Wgit::Url#relative? opts param.
     # @raise [StandardError] If a redirect isn't allowed etc.
-    def resolve(url, response, follow_external_redirects: true, host: nil)
+    def resolve(url, response, follow_redirects: true)
+      origin = url.to_url.to_origin # Recorded before any redirects.
+      follow_redirects, within = redirect?(follow_redirects)
+
       loop do
-        get_response(url, response)
+        get_http_response(url, response)
         break unless response.redirect?
 
         # Handle response 'Location' header.
@@ -229,17 +266,18 @@ module Wgit
 
         yield(url, response, location) if block_given?
 
-        # Validate redirect.
-        if !follow_external_redirects && !location.relative?(host: host)
-          raise "External redirect not allowed - Redirected to: \
-'#{location}', which is outside of host: '#{host}'"
+        # Validate if the redirect is allowed.
+        raise "Redirect not allowed: #{location}" unless follow_redirects
+
+        if within && !location.relative?(within => origin)
+          raise "Redirect (outside of #{within}) is not allowed: '#{location}'"
         end
 
         raise "Too many redirects, exceeded: #{@redirect_limit}" \
         if response.redirect_count >= @redirect_limit
 
         # Process the location to be crawled next.
-        location = url.to_base.concat(location) if location.relative?
+        location = url.to_origin.concat(location) if location.relative?
         response.redirections[url.to_s] = location.to_s
         url.replace(location) # Update the url on redirect.
       end
@@ -252,7 +290,7 @@ module Wgit
     #   reference.
     # @raise [StandardError] If a response can't be obtained.
     # @return [Wgit::Response] The enriched HTTP Wgit::Response object.
-    def get_response(url, response)
+    def get_http_response(url, response)
       # Perform a HTTP GET request.
       orig_url = url.to_s
       url      = url.normalize if url.respond_to?(:normalize)
@@ -268,18 +306,41 @@ module Wgit
       response.ip_address       = http_response.primary_ip
       response.add_total_time(http_response.total_time)
 
-      # Log (debug) the request/response details.
-      resp_template  = '[http] Response: %s (%s bytes in %s seconds)'
-      log_status     = (response.status || 0)
-      log_total_time = response.total_time.truncate(3)
+      # Log the request/response details.
+      log_net(:http, response, http_response.total_time)
 
-      Wgit.logger.debug("[http] Request:  #{response.url}")
-      Wgit.logger.debug(
-        format(resp_template, log_status, response.size, log_total_time)
-      )
+      # Handle a failed response.
+      raise "No response (within timeout: #{@timeout} second(s))" \
+      if response.failure?
+    end
+
+    # Makes a browser request and enriches the given Wgit::Response from it.
+    #
+    # @param url [String] The url to browse to. Will call url#normalize if
+    #   possible.
+    # @param response [Wgit::Response] The response to enrich. Modifies by
+    #   reference.
+    # @raise [StandardError] If a response can't be obtained.
+    # @return [Wgit::Response] The enriched HTTP Wgit::Response object.
+    def get_browser_response(url, response)
+      url     = url.normalize if url.respond_to?(:normalize)
+      browser = nil
+
+      crawl_time = Benchmark.measure { browser = browser_get(url) }.real
+      yield browser if block_given?
+
+      # Enrich the given Wgit::Response object (on top of Typhoeus response).
+      response.adapter_response = browser.network.response
+      response.status           = browser.network.response.status
+      response.headers          = browser.network.response.headers
+      response.body             = browser.body
+      response.add_total_time(crawl_time)
+
+      # Log the request/response details.
+      log_net(:browser, response, crawl_time)
 
       # Handle a failed response.
-      raise "No response (within timeout: #{@time_out} second(s))" \
+      raise "No browser response (within timeout: #{@timeout} second(s))" \
       if response.failure?
     end
 
@@ -290,7 +351,7 @@ module Wgit
     def http_get(url)
       opts = {
         followlocation: false,
-        timeout: @time_out,
+        timeout: @timeout,
         accept_encoding: 'gzip',
         headers: {
           'User-Agent' => "wgit/#{Wgit::VERSION}",
@@ -299,34 +360,58 @@ module Wgit
       }
 
       # See https://rubydoc.info/gems/typhoeus for more info.
-      Typhoeus.get(url, opts)
+      Typhoeus.get(url, **opts)
+    end
+
+    # Performs a HTTP GET request in a web browser and parses the response JS
+    # before returning the HTML body of the fully rendered webpage. This allows
+    # Javascript (SPA apps etc.) to generate HTML dynamically.
+    #
+    # @param url [String] The url to browse to.
+    # @return [Ferrum::Browser] The browser response object.
+    def browser_get(url)
+      @browser ||= Ferrum::Browser.new(timeout: @timeout, process_timeout: 10)
+      @browser.goto(url)
+
+      # Wait for the page's JS to finish dynamically manipulating the DOM.
+      html = @browser.body
+      loop do
+        sleep @parse_javascript_delay
+        break if html.size == @browser.body.size
+
+        html = @browser.body
+      end
+
+      @browser
     end
 
     # Returns a doc's internal HTML page links in absolute form; used when
-    # crawling a site. Use the allow and disallow paths params to partially
-    # and selectively crawl a site.
+    # crawling a site. By default, any `<a>` href returning HTML is returned;
+    # override this with `xpath:` if desired.
     #
-    # Override this method in a subclass to change how a site
-    # is crawled; not what is extracted from each page (Document extensions
-    # should be used for this purpose instead). Just remember that only HTML
-    # files containing <a> links can keep the crawl going beyond the base URL.
+    # Use the allow and disallow paths params to partially and selectively
+    # crawl a site; the glob syntax is supported e.g. `'wiki/\*'` etc. Note
+    # that each path should NOT start with a slash.
     #
     # @param doc [Wgit::Document] The document from which to extract it's
-    #   internal page links.
+    #   internal (absolute) page links.
+    # @param xpath [String] The xpath selecting links to be returned. Only
+    #   links pointing to the doc.url domain are allowed. The :default is any
+    #   <a> href returning HTML. The allow/disallow paths will be applied to
+    #   the returned value.
     # @param allow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters links by selecting
-    #   them only if their path includes one of allow_paths.
+    #   them if their path `File.fnmatch?` one of allow_paths.
     # @param disallow_paths [String, Array<String>] Filters links by rejecting
-    #   them if their path includes one of disallow_paths.
+    #   them if their path `File.fnmatch?` one of disallow_paths.
     # @return [Array<Wgit::Url>] The internal page links from doc.
-    def get_internal_links(doc, allow_paths: nil, disallow_paths: nil)
-      links = doc
-              .internal_absolute_links
-              .map(&:omit_fragment) # Because fragments don't alter content.
-              .uniq
-              .reject do |link|
-        ext = link.to_extension
-        ext ? !%w[htm html].include?(ext.downcase) : false
-      end
+    def next_internal_links(
+      doc, xpath: :default, allow_paths: nil, disallow_paths: nil
+    )
+      links = if xpath && xpath != :default
+                follow_xpath(doc, xpath)
+              else
+                follow_default(doc)
+              end
 
       return links if allow_paths.nil? && disallow_paths.nil?
 
@@ -335,40 +420,82 @@ module Wgit
 
     private
 
+    # Returns the next links used to continue crawling a site. The xpath value
+    # is used to obtain the links. Any valid URL Strings will be converted into
+    # absolute Wgit::Urls. Invalid URLs will be silently dropped. Any link not
+    # pointing to the site domain will raise an error.
+    def follow_xpath(doc, xpath)
+      links = doc.send(:extract_from_html, xpath, singleton: false) do |urls|
+        urls
+          .map { |url| Wgit::Url.parse?(url)&.make_absolute(doc) }
+          .compact
+      end
+
+      if links.any? { |link| link.to_domain != doc.url.to_domain }
+        raise 'The links to follow must be within the site domain'
+      end
+
+      links
+    end
+
+    # Returns the default set of links used to continue crawling a site.
+    # By default, any <a> href returning HTML and pointing to the same domain
+    # will get returned.
+    def follow_default(doc)
+      doc
+        .internal_absolute_links
+        .map(&:omit_fragment) # Because fragments don't alter content.
+        .uniq
+        .select do |link| # Whitelist only HTML content.
+          ext = link.to_extension
+          if ext
+            Wgit::Crawler.supported_file_extensions.include?(ext.downcase)
+          else
+            true # URLs without an extension are assumed HTML.
+          end
+        end
+    end
+
     # Validate and filter by the given URL paths.
     def process_paths(links, allow_paths, disallow_paths)
-      raise "You can't provide both allow_paths: and disallow_paths: params" \
-      if allow_paths && disallow_paths
-
-      if allow_paths  # White list.
-        filter_method = :select
-        paths         = allow_paths
-      else            # Black list.
-        filter_method = :reject
-        paths         = disallow_paths
+      if allow_paths
+        paths = validate_paths(allow_paths)
+        filter_links(links, :select!, paths)
       end
 
-      paths = [paths] unless paths.is_a?(Array)
-      paths = paths
-              .compact
-              .reject(&:empty?)
-              .uniq
-              .map { |path| Wgit::Url.new(path).to_path }
+      if disallow_paths
+        paths = validate_paths(disallow_paths)
+        filter_links(links, :reject!, paths)
+      end
 
+      links
+    end
+
+    # Validate the paths are suitable for filtering.
+    def validate_paths(paths)
+      paths = *paths
+      raise 'The provided paths must all be Strings' \
+      unless paths.all? { |path| path.is_a?(String) }
+
+      Wgit::Utils.sanitize(paths, encode: false)
       raise 'The provided paths cannot be empty' if paths.empty?
 
-      filter_links_by_path(links, filter_method, paths)
+      paths.map do |path|
+        path = Wgit::Url.parse(path)
+        path.index? ? path : path.omit_slashes
+      end
     end
 
-    # Filters links by selecting or rejecting them based on their path.
-    def filter_links_by_path(links, filter_method, paths)
+    # Filters links by selecting/rejecting them based on their path.
+    # Uses File.fnmatch? so that globbing is supported.
+    def filter_links(links, filter_method, paths)
       links.send(filter_method) do |link|
-        link_path = link.to_path
-        next(false) unless link_path
+        # Turn http://example.com into / meaning index.
+        link = link.to_endpoint.index? ? '/' : link.omit_base
 
         match = false
-        paths.each do |path|
-          match = link_path.start_with?(path)
+        paths.each do |pattern|
+          match = File.fnmatch?(pattern, link, File::FNM_EXTGLOB)
           break if match
         end
 
@@ -376,6 +503,35 @@ module Wgit
       end
     end
 
+    # Returns whether or not to follow redirects, and within what context e.g.
+    # :host, :domain etc.
+    def redirect?(follow_redirects)
+      return [true, follow_redirects] if follow_redirects.is_a?(Symbol)
+
+      unless [true, false].include?(follow_redirects)
+        raise "follow_redirects: must be a Boolean or Symbol, not: \
+#{follow_redirects}"
+      end
+
+      [follow_redirects, nil]
+    end
+
+    # Log (at debug level) the network request/response details.
+    def log_net(client, response, duration)
+      resp_template  = "[#{client}] Response: %s (%s bytes in %s seconds)"
+      log_status     = (response.status || 0)
+      log_total_time = (duration || 0.0).truncate(3)
+
+      # The browsers request URL is the same so ignore it.
+      if client.to_sym == :http
+        Wgit.logger.debug("[#{client}] Request:  #{response.url}")
+      end
+
+      Wgit.logger.debug(
+        format(resp_template, log_status, response.size, log_total_time)
+      )
+    end
+
     alias crawl       crawl_urls
     alias crawl_pages crawl_urls
     alias crawl_page  crawl_url