web-console-rails3 0.2.0

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Files changed (86) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +7 -0
  2. data/MIT-LICENSE +20 -0
  3. data/README.markdown +40 -0
  4. data/Rakefile +48 -0
  5. data/app/assets/javascripts/web_console/application.js +4 -0
  6. data/app/assets/javascripts/web_console/console_sessions.js +24 -0
  7. data/app/assets/stylesheets/web_console/application.css +13 -0
  8. data/app/assets/stylesheets/web_console/console_sessions.css +8 -0
  9. data/app/controllers/web_console/application_controller.rb +17 -0
  10. data/app/controllers/web_console/console_sessions_controller.rb +23 -0
  11. data/app/helpers/web_console/application_helper.rb +4 -0
  12. data/app/helpers/web_console/console_session_helper.rb +4 -0
  13. data/app/models/web_console/console_session.rb +110 -0
  14. data/app/views/layouts/web_console/application.html.erb +14 -0
  15. data/app/views/web_console/console_sessions/index.html.erb +4 -0
  16. data/config/routes.rb +5 -0
  17. data/lib/web-console-rails3.rb +1 -0
  18. data/lib/web-console.rb +1 -0
  19. data/lib/web_console.rb +21 -0
  20. data/lib/web_console/backport/active_model.rb +26 -0
  21. data/lib/web_console/engine.rb +40 -0
  22. data/lib/web_console/fiber.rb +48 -0
  23. data/lib/web_console/repl.rb +59 -0
  24. data/lib/web_console/repl/dummy.rb +38 -0
  25. data/lib/web_console/repl/irb.rb +62 -0
  26. data/lib/web_console/stream.rb +30 -0
  27. data/lib/web_console/version.rb +3 -0
  28. data/test/controllers/web_console/console_sessions_controller_test.rb +57 -0
  29. data/test/dummy/README.rdoc +261 -0
  30. data/test/dummy/Rakefile +7 -0
  31. data/test/dummy/app/assets/javascripts/application.js +15 -0
  32. data/test/dummy/app/assets/stylesheets/application.css +13 -0
  33. data/test/dummy/app/controllers/application_controller.rb +3 -0
  34. data/test/dummy/app/helpers/application_helper.rb +2 -0
  35. data/test/dummy/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb +14 -0
  36. data/test/dummy/config.ru +4 -0
  37. data/test/dummy/config/application.rb +38 -0
  38. data/test/dummy/config/boot.rb +10 -0
  39. data/test/dummy/config/database.yml +25 -0
  40. data/test/dummy/config/environment.rb +5 -0
  41. data/test/dummy/config/environments/development.rb +37 -0
  42. data/test/dummy/config/environments/production.rb +67 -0
  43. data/test/dummy/config/environments/test.rb +37 -0
  44. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb +7 -0
  45. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/inflections.rb +15 -0
  46. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/mime_types.rb +5 -0
  47. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/secret_token.rb +7 -0
  48. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/session_store.rb +8 -0
  49. data/test/dummy/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb +14 -0
  50. data/test/dummy/config/locales/en.yml +5 -0
  51. data/test/dummy/config/routes.rb +58 -0
  52. data/test/dummy/db/development.sqlite3 +0 -0
  53. data/test/dummy/db/schema.rb +16 -0
  54. data/test/dummy/db/test.sqlite3 +0 -0
  55. data/test/dummy/log/development.log +588 -0
  56. data/test/dummy/log/test.log +2122 -0
  57. data/test/dummy/public/404.html +26 -0
  58. data/test/dummy/public/422.html +26 -0
  59. data/test/dummy/public/500.html +25 -0
  60. data/test/dummy/public/favicon.ico +0 -0
  61. data/test/dummy/script/rails +6 -0
  62. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/C9E/AD0/sprockets%2F4a42d8916f3fa47867445f696497a92c +0 -0
  63. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/CA7/D70/sprockets%2F3e9e32bbc8c81a93002555265a36a852 +0 -0
  64. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/CBD/6E0/sprockets%2F3293dfc0984076f0e8371a9e7640f4a8 +0 -0
  65. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/CD0/FC0/sprockets%2Fbb2777627d42a216f3d9ced4322040b3 +0 -0
  66. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/CFA/E30/sprockets%2F35be1d26565dc0310c29f1a5e2f62f10 +0 -0
  67. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D1D/FD0/sprockets%2Fa4a5ffe670666ce3d8d59179905201ef +0 -0
  68. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D21/6B0/sprockets%2F9e242803fe56d6305274ff7e6487deda +0 -0
  69. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D29/380/sprockets%2F92f1a0450bc4bea3364a07be42b4f645 +0 -0
  70. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D3E/380/sprockets%2F434d98c8380bb9daf43810155aaf68ba +0 -0
  71. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D69/670/sprockets%2Fc6b4a05846fd1b98fe9252ecdd1601c0 +0 -0
  72. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D90/B30/sprockets%2Fe03fe93eb7fe888c9d21ee62816596ff +0 -0
  73. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D95/C40/sprockets%2F09cb0a274209abf0391cbfce6ee67b82 +0 -0
  74. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/D9F/400/sprockets%2F7f60332f86073dc8ed80b4c2a9dfcbe1 +0 -0
  75. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/DB3/0C0/sprockets%2F689fb998e2a7add3e00db88df254c87a +0 -0
  76. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/DD4/440/sprockets%2Fa33d646ac00d8bc87a4a496af6eed96f +0 -0
  77. data/test/dummy/tmp/cache/assets/E5A/C40/sprockets%2F164cfa0fd9eb1ec1acdfaa278c83e9c5 +0 -0
  78. data/test/helpers/web_console/console_session_helper_test.rb +6 -0
  79. data/test/models/console_session_test.rb +111 -0
  80. data/test/test_helper.rb +15 -0
  81. data/test/web_console/repl/dummy_test.rb +54 -0
  82. data/test/web_console/repl/irb_test.rb +156 -0
  83. data/test/web_console/repl_test.rb +15 -0
  84. data/test/web_console_test.rb +93 -0
  85. data/vendor/assets/javascripts/jquery.console.js +727 -0
  86. metadata +249 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
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+ module WebConsole
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+ # Poor Man's Fiber (API compatible Thread based Fiber implementation for Ruby 1.8)
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+ # (c) 2008 Aman Gupta (tmm1)
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+ #
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+ # For the purposes of our REPL adapters there is a need for fiber invocation
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+ # across threads. The native implementation does not support that.
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+ class FiberError < StandardError; end
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+
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+ class Fiber
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+ def initialize
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+ raise ArgumentError, 'new Fiber requires a block' unless block_given?
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+
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+ @yield = Queue.new
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+ @resume = Queue.new
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+
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+ @thread = Thread.new { @yield.push [ *yield(*@resume.pop) ] }
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+ @thread.abort_on_exception = true
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+ @thread[:fiber] = self
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+ end
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+ attr_reader :thread
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+
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+ def resume(*args)
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+ raise FiberError, 'dead fiber called' unless @thread.alive?
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+ @resume.push(args)
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+ result = @yield.pop
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+ result.size > 1 ? result : result.first
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+ end
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+
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+ def yield(*args)
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+ @yield.push(args)
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+ result = @resume.pop
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+ result.size > 1 ? result : result.first
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+ end
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+
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+ def self.yield(*args)
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+ raise FiberError, "can't yield from root fiber" unless fiber = Thread.current[:fiber]
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+ fiber.yield(*args)
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+ end
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+
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+ def self.current
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+ Thread.current[:fiber] or raise FiberError, 'not inside a fiber'
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+ end
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+
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+ def inspect
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+ "#<#{self.class}:0x#{self.object_id.to_s(16)}>"
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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+ require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections'
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+
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+ module WebConsole
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+ module REPL
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+ extend self
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+
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+ # Registry of REPL implementations mapped to their correspondent adapter
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+ # classes.
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+ #
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+ # Don't manually alter the registry. Use WebConsole::REPL.register_adapter
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+ # for adding entries.
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+ def adapters
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+ @adapters ||= {}
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+ end
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+
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+ # Register an adapter into the adapters registry.
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+ #
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+ # Registration maps and adapter class to an existing REPL implementation,
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+ # that we call an adaptee constant. If the adaptee constant is not given,
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+ # it is automatically derived from the adapter class name.
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+ #
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+ # For example, adapter named +WebConsole::REPL::IRB+ will derive the
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+ # adaptee constant to +::IRB+.
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+ #
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+ # If a block is given, it would be evaluated right after the adapter
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+ # registration.
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+ def register_adapter(adapter_class, adaptee_constant = nil, options = {})
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+ if adaptee_constant.is_a?(Hash)
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+ options = adaptee_constant
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+ adaptee_constant = nil
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+ end
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+ adaptee_constant = adapter_class if options[:standalone]
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+ adaptee_constant ||= derive_adaptee_constant_from(adapter_class)
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+ adapters[adaptee_constant] = adapter_class
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+ yield if block_given?
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+ end
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+
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+ # Get the default adapter for the given application.
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+ #
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+ # By default the application will be Rails.application and the adapter
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+ # will be chosen from Rails.application.config.console.
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+ #
43
+ # If no suitible adapter is found for the configured Rails console, a dummy
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+ # adapter will be used. You can evaluate code in it, but it won't support
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+ # any advanced features, like multiline code evaluation.
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+ def default(app = Rails.application)
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+ adapters[(app.config.console || ::IRB rescue ::IRB)] || adapters[Dummy]
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+ end
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+
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+ private
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+ def derive_adaptee_constant_from(cls, suffix = 'REPL')
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+ "::#{cls.name.split('::').last.gsub(/#{suffix}$/i, '')}".constantize
53
+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ # Require the builtin adapters.
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+ require 'web_console/repl/irb'
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+ require 'web_console/repl/dummy'
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
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+ require 'web_console/stream'
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+
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+ module WebConsole
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+ module REPL
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+ # == Dummy\ Adapter
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+ #
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+ # Dummy adapter that is used as a fallback for REPL with no adapters.
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+ #
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+ # It provides only the most basic code evaluation with no multiline code
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+ # support.
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+ class Dummy
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+ def initialize(binding = TOPLEVEL_BINDING)
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+ @binding = binding
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+ end
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+
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+ def prompt
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+ '>> '
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+ end
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+
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+ def send_input(input)
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+ eval_result = nil
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+ streams_output = Stream.threadsafe_capture! do
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+ eval_result = @binding.eval(input).inspect
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+ end
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+ "#{streams_output}=> #{eval_result}\n"
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+ rescue Exception => exc
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+ exc.backtrace.join("\n")
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ register_adapter Dummy, standalone: true do
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+ require 'rails/console/app'
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+ require 'rails/console/helpers'
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+
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+ TOPLEVEL_BINDING.eval('self').send(:include, Rails::ConsoleMethods)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
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+ require 'irb'
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+ require 'web_console/fiber'
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+ require 'web_console/stream'
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+
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+ module WebConsole
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+ module REPL
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+ # == IRB\ Adapter
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+ #
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+ # Adapter for the IRB REPL, which is the default Ruby on Rails console.
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+ class IRB
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+ # For some reason™ we have to be ::IRB::StdioInputMethod subclass to get
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+ # #prompt populated.
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+ #
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+ # Not a pretty OOP, but for now, we just have to deal with it.
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+ class FiberInputMethod < ::IRB::StdioInputMethod
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+ def initialize; end
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+
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+ def gets
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+ @previous = Fiber.yield
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+ end
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+
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+ def encoding
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+ (@previous || '').encoding
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def initialize(binding = TOPLEVEL_BINDING)
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+ initialize_irb_session!
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+ @input = FiberInputMethod.new
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+ @irb = ::IRB::Irb.new(::IRB::WorkSpace.new(binding), @input)
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+ @fiber = Fiber.new { @irb.eval_input }.tap(&:resume)
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+ finalize_irb_session!
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+ end
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+
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+ def prompt
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+ @input.prompt
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+ end
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+
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+ def send_input(input)
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+ Stream.threadsafe_capture! { @fiber.resume("#{input}\n") }
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+ end
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+
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+ private
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+ def initialize_irb_session!(ap_path = nil)
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+ ::IRB.init_config(ap_path)
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+ ::IRB.run_config unless WebConsole.config.prevent_irbrc_execution
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+ end
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+
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+ def finalize_irb_session!
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+ ::IRB.conf[:MAIN_CONTEXT] = @irb.context
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ register_adapter IRB do
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+ require 'rails/console/app'
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+ require 'rails/console/helpers'
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+
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+ # Include all of the rails console helpers in the IRB session.
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+ ::IRB::ExtendCommandBundle.send(:include, Rails::ConsoleMethods)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
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+ require 'mutex_m'
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+
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+ module WebConsole
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+ module Stream
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+ extend Mutex_m
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+
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+ def self.threadsafe_capture!(*streams)
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+ streams = [$stdout, $stderr] if streams.empty?
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+ synchronize do
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+ begin
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+ streams_copy = streams.collect(&:dup)
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+ replacement = Tempfile.new(name)
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+ streams.each do |stream|
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+ stream.reopen(replacement)
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+ stream.sync = true
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+ end
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+ yield
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+ streams.each(&:rewind)
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+ replacement.read
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+ ensure
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+ replacement.close
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+ replacement.unlink
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+ streams.each_with_index do |stream, i|
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+ stream.reopen(streams_copy[i])
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
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+ module WebConsole
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+ VERSION = '0.2.0'
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+ end
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+ require 'test_helper'
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+
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+ module WebConsole
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+ class ConsoleSessionsControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
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+ setup do
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+ # Where does .stubs lives?
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+ def @request.remote_ip; '127.0.0.1' end
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'index is successful' do
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+ get :index, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_response :success
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'index creates new console session' do
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+ assert_difference 'ConsoleSession::INMEMORY_STORAGE.size' do
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+ get :index, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'update updates new console session' do
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+ get :index, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_not_nil console_session = assigns(:console_session)
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+
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+ put :update, id: console_session.id, input: 42, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_match %r{42}, console_session.output
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'update failes when session is no longer available' do
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+ get :index, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_not_nil console_session = assigns(:console_session)
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+
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+ ConsoleSession::INMEMORY_STORAGE.delete(console_session.id)
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+ put :update, id: console_session.id, input: 42, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_response :gone
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'blocks requests from non-whitelisted ips' do
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+ def @request.remote_ip; '128.0.0.1' end
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+ get :index, use_route: 'web_console'
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+ assert_response :unauthorized
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+ end
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+
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+ test 'index generated path' do
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+ assert_generates mount_path, {
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+ use_route: 'web_console',
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+ controller: 'console_sessions'
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+ }, {}, {controller: 'console_sessions'}
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+ end
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+
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+ private
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+
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+ def mount_path
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+ WebConsole::Engine.config.web_console.default_mount_path
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
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+ == Welcome to Rails
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+
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+ Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create
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+ database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Control pattern.
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+
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+ This pattern splits the view (also called the presentation) into "dumb"
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+ templates that are primarily responsible for inserting pre-built data in between
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+ HTML tags. The model contains the "smart" domain objects (such as Account,
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+ Product, Person, Post) that holds all the business logic and knows how to
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+ persist themselves to a database. The controller handles the incoming requests
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+ (such as Save New Account, Update Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model
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+ and directing data to the view.
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+
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+ In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping
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+ layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from
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+ database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic
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+ methods. You can read more about Active Record in
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+ link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html.
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+
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+ The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both
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+ layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers
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+ are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is
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+ unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much
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+ more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of
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+ Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in
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+ link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html.
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+
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+
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+ == Getting Started
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+
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+ 1. At the command prompt, create a new Rails application:
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+ <tt>rails new myapp</tt> (where <tt>myapp</tt> is the application name)
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+
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+ 2. Change directory to <tt>myapp</tt> and start the web server:
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+ <tt>cd myapp; rails server</tt> (run with --help for options)
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+
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+ 3. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and you'll see:
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+ "Welcome aboard: You're riding Ruby on Rails!"
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+
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+ 4. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application. You can find
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+ the following resources handy:
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+
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+ * The Getting Started Guide: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html
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+ * Ruby on Rails Tutorial Book: http://www.railstutorial.org/
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+
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+
47
+ == Debugging Rails
48
+
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+ Sometimes your application goes wrong. Fortunately there are a lot of tools that
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+ will help you debug it and get it back on the rails.
51
+
52
+ First area to check is the application log files. Have "tail -f" commands
53
+ running on the server.log and development.log. Rails will automatically display
54
+ debugging and runtime information to these files. Debugging info will also be
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+ shown in the browser on requests from 127.0.0.1.
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+
57
+ You can also log your own messages directly into the log file from your code
58
+ using the Ruby logger class from inside your controllers. Example:
59
+
60
+ class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
61
+ def destroy
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+ @weblog = Weblog.find(params[:id])
63
+ @weblog.destroy
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+ logger.info("#{Time.now} Destroyed Weblog ID ##{@weblog.id}!")
65
+ end
66
+ end
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+
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+ The result will be a message in your log file along the lines of:
69
+
70
+ Mon Oct 08 14:22:29 +1000 2007 Destroyed Weblog ID #1!
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+
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+ More information on how to use the logger is at http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/
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+
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+ Also, Ruby documentation can be found at http://www.ruby-lang.org/. There are
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+ several books available online as well:
76
+
77
+ * Programming Ruby: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/ (Pickaxe)
78
+ * Learn to Program: http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/ (a beginners guide)
79
+
80
+ These two books will bring you up to speed on the Ruby language and also on
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+ programming in general.
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+
83
+
84
+ == Debugger
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+
86
+ Debugger support is available through the debugger command when you start your
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+ Mongrel or WEBrick server with --debugger. This means that you can break out of
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+ execution at any point in the code, investigate and change the model, and then,
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+ resume execution! You need to install ruby-debug to run the server in debugging
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+ mode. With gems, use <tt>sudo gem install ruby-debug</tt>. Example:
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+
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+ class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
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+ def index
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+ @posts = Post.all
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+ debugger
96
+ end
97
+ end
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+
99
+ So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you
100
+ with a IRB prompt in the server window. Here you can do things like:
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+
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+ >> @posts.inspect
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+ => "[#<Post:0x14a6be8
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+ @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>,
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+ #<Post:0x14a6620
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+ @attributes={"title"=>"Rails", "body"=>"Only ten..", "id"=>"2"}>]"
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+ >> @posts.first.title = "hello from a debugger"
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+ => "hello from a debugger"
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+
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+ ...and even better, you can examine how your runtime objects actually work:
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+
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+ >> f = @posts.first
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+ => #<Post:0x13630c4 @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>
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+ >> f.
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+ Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n)
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+
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+ Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you can enter "cont".
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+
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+
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+ == Console
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+
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+ The console is a Ruby shell, which allows you to interact with your
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+ application's domain model. Here you'll have all parts of the application
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+ configured, just like it is when the application is running. You can inspect
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+ domain models, change values, and save to the database. Starting the script
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+ without arguments will launch it in the development environment.
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+
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+ To start the console, run <tt>rails console</tt> from the application
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+ directory.
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+
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+ Options:
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+
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+ * Passing the <tt>-s, --sandbox</tt> argument will rollback any modifications
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+ made to the database.
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+ * Passing an environment name as an argument will load the corresponding
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+ environment. Example: <tt>rails console production</tt>.
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+
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+ To reload your controllers and models after launching the console run
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+ <tt>reload!</tt>
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+
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+ More information about irb can be found at:
142
+ link:http://www.rubycentral.org/pickaxe/irb.html
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+
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+
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+ == dbconsole
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+
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+ You can go to the command line of your database directly through <tt>rails
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+ dbconsole</tt>. You would be connected to the database with the credentials
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+ defined in database.yml. Starting the script without arguments will connect you
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+ to the development database. Passing an argument will connect you to a different
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+ database, like <tt>rails dbconsole production</tt>. Currently works for MySQL,
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+ PostgreSQL and SQLite 3.
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+
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+ == Description of Contents
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+
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+ The default directory structure of a generated Ruby on Rails application:
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+
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+ |-- app
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+ | |-- assets
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+ | | |-- images
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+ | | |-- javascripts
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+ | | `-- stylesheets
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+ | |-- controllers
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+ | |-- helpers
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+ | |-- mailers
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+ | |-- models
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+ | `-- views
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+ | `-- layouts
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+ |-- config
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+ | |-- environments
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+ | |-- initializers
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+ | `-- locales
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+ |-- db
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+ |-- doc
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+ |-- lib
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+ | |-- assets
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+ | `-- tasks
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+ |-- log
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+ |-- public
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+ |-- script
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+ |-- test
182
+ | |-- fixtures
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+ | |-- functional
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+ | |-- integration
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+ | |-- performance
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+ | `-- unit
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+ |-- tmp
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+ | `-- cache
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+ | `-- assets
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+ `-- vendor
191
+ |-- assets
192
+ | |-- javascripts
193
+ | `-- stylesheets
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+ `-- plugins
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+
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+ app
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+ Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application.
198
+
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+ app/assets
200
+ Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files.
201
+
202
+ app/controllers
203
+ Holds controllers that should be named like weblogs_controller.rb for
204
+ automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from
205
+ ApplicationController which itself descends from ActionController::Base.
206
+
207
+ app/models
208
+ Holds models that should be named like post.rb. Models descend from
209
+ ActiveRecord::Base by default.
210
+
211
+ app/views
212
+ Holds the template files for the view that should be named like
213
+ weblogs/index.html.erb for the WeblogsController#index action. All views use
214
+ eRuby syntax by default.
215
+
216
+ app/views/layouts
217
+ Holds the template files for layouts to be used with views. This models the
218
+ common header/footer method of wrapping views. In your views, define a layout
219
+ using the <tt>layout :default</tt> and create a file named default.html.erb.
220
+ Inside default.html.erb, call <% yield %> to render the view using this
221
+ layout.
222
+
223
+ app/helpers
224
+ Holds view helpers that should be named like weblogs_helper.rb. These are
225
+ generated for you automatically when using generators for controllers.
226
+ Helpers can be used to wrap functionality for your views into methods.
227
+
228
+ config
229
+ Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database,
230
+ and other dependencies.
231
+
232
+ db
233
+ Contains the database schema in schema.rb. db/migrate contains all the
234
+ sequence of Migrations for your schema.
235
+
236
+ doc
237
+ This directory is where your application documentation will be stored when
238
+ generated using <tt>rake doc:app</tt>
239
+
240
+ lib
241
+ Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that
242
+ doesn't belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in
243
+ the load path.
244
+
245
+ public
246
+ The directory available for the web server. Also contains the dispatchers and the
247
+ default HTML files. This should be set as the DOCUMENT_ROOT of your web
248
+ server.
249
+
250
+ script
251
+ Helper scripts for automation and generation.
252
+
253
+ test
254
+ Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. When using the rails generate
255
+ command, template test files will be generated for you and placed in this
256
+ directory.
257
+
258
+ vendor
259
+ External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins
260
+ subdirectory. If the app has frozen rails, those gems also go here, under
261
+ vendor/rails/. This directory is in the load path.