wasmtime 25.0.1 → 25.0.2

data/ext/cargo-vendor/wast-218.0.0/src/component/expand.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,896 @@
+use crate::component::*;
+use crate::core;
+use crate::gensym;
+use crate::kw;
+use crate::token::Id;
+use crate::token::{Index, Span};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::mem;
+
+/// Performs an AST "expansion" pass over the component fields provided.
+///
+/// This expansion is intended to desugar the AST from various parsed constructs
+/// to bits and bobs amenable for name resolution as well as binary encoding.
+/// For example `(import "i" (func))` is split into a type definition followed by
+/// the import referencing that type definition.
+///
+/// Most forms of AST expansion happen in this file and afterwards the AST will
+/// be handed to the name resolution pass which will convert `Index::Id` to
+/// `Index::Num` wherever it's found.
+pub fn expand(fields: &mut Vec<ComponentField<'_>>) {
+    Expander::default().expand_component_fields(fields)
+}
+
+enum AnyType<'a> {
+    Core(CoreType<'a>),
+    Component(Type<'a>),
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<AnyType<'a>> for ComponentTypeDecl<'a> {
+    fn from(t: AnyType<'a>) -> Self {
+        match t {
+            AnyType::Core(t) => Self::CoreType(t),
+            AnyType::Component(t) => Self::Type(t),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<AnyType<'a>> for InstanceTypeDecl<'a> {
+    fn from(t: AnyType<'a>) -> Self {
+        match t {
+            AnyType::Core(t) => Self::CoreType(t),
+            AnyType::Component(t) => Self::Type(t),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<AnyType<'a>> for ComponentField<'a> {
+    fn from(t: AnyType<'a>) -> Self {
+        match t {
+            AnyType::Core(t) => Self::CoreType(t),
+            AnyType::Component(t) => Self::Type(t),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Expander<'a> {
+    /// Fields, during processing, which should be prepended to the
+    /// currently-being-processed field. This should always be empty after
+    /// processing is complete.
+    types_to_prepend: Vec<AnyType<'a>>,
+    component_fields_to_prepend: Vec<ComponentField<'a>>,
+
+    /// Fields that are appended to the end of the module once everything has
+    /// finished.
+    component_fields_to_append: Vec<ComponentField<'a>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Expander<'a> {
+    fn expand_component_fields(&mut self, fields: &mut Vec<ComponentField<'a>>) {
+        let mut cur = 0;
+        while cur < fields.len() {
+            self.expand_field(&mut fields[cur]);
+            let amt = self.types_to_prepend.len() + self.component_fields_to_prepend.len();
+            fields.splice(cur..cur, self.component_fields_to_prepend.drain(..));
+            fields.splice(cur..cur, self.types_to_prepend.drain(..).map(Into::into));
+            cur += 1 + amt;
+        }
+        fields.append(&mut self.component_fields_to_append);
+    }
+
+    fn expand_decls<T>(&mut self, decls: &mut Vec<T>, expand: fn(&mut Self, &mut T))
+    where
+        T: From<AnyType<'a>>,
+    {
+        let mut cur = 0;
+        while cur < decls.len() {
+            expand(self, &mut decls[cur]);
+            assert!(self.component_fields_to_prepend.is_empty());
+            assert!(self.component_fields_to_append.is_empty());
+            let amt = self.types_to_prepend.len();
+            decls.splice(cur..cur, self.types_to_prepend.drain(..).map(From::from));
+            cur += 1 + amt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_field(&mut self, item: &mut ComponentField<'a>) {
+        let expanded = match item {
+            ComponentField::CoreModule(m) => self.expand_core_module(m),
+            ComponentField::CoreInstance(i) => {
+                self.expand_core_instance(i);
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::CoreType(t) => {
+                self.expand_core_type(t);
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::CoreRec(_) => None,
+            ComponentField::Component(c) => self.expand_nested_component(c),
+            ComponentField::Instance(i) => self.expand_instance(i),
+            ComponentField::Type(t) => {
+                self.expand_type(t);
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(f) => {
+                self.expand_canonical_func(f);
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::CoreFunc(f) => self.expand_core_func(f),
+            ComponentField::Func(f) => self.expand_func(f),
+            ComponentField::Import(i) => {
+                self.expand_item_sig(&mut i.item);
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::Export(e) => {
+                if let Some(sig) = &mut e.ty {
+                    self.expand_item_sig(&mut sig.0);
+                }
+                None
+            }
+            ComponentField::Start(_)
+            | ComponentField::Alias(_)
+            | ComponentField::Custom(_)
+            | ComponentField::Producers(_) => None,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(expanded) = expanded {
+            *item = expanded;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_module(&mut self, module: &mut CoreModule<'a>) -> Option<ComponentField<'a>> {
+        for name in module.exports.names.drain(..) {
+            let id = gensym::fill(module.span, &mut module.id);
+            self.component_fields_to_append
+                .push(ComponentField::Export(ComponentExport {
+                    span: module.span,
+                    id: None,
+                    debug_name: None,
+                    name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportKind::module(module.span, id),
+                    ty: None,
+                }));
+        }
+        match &mut module.kind {
+            // inline modules are expanded later during resolution
+            CoreModuleKind::Inline { .. } => None,
+            CoreModuleKind::Import { import, ty } => {
+                let idx = self.expand_core_type_use(ty);
+                Some(ComponentField::Import(ComponentImport {
+                    span: module.span,
+                    name: import.name,
+                    item: ItemSig {
+                        span: module.span,
+                        id: module.id,
+                        name: None,
+                        kind: ItemSigKind::CoreModule(CoreTypeUse::Ref(idx)),
+                    },
+                }))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_instance(&mut self, instance: &mut CoreInstance<'a>) {
+        match &mut instance.kind {
+            CoreInstanceKind::Instantiate { args, .. } => {
+                for arg in args {
+                    self.expand_core_instantiation_arg(&mut arg.kind);
+                }
+            }
+            CoreInstanceKind::BundleOfExports { .. } => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_nested_component(
+        &mut self,
+        component: &mut NestedComponent<'a>,
+    ) -> Option<ComponentField<'a>> {
+        for name in component.exports.names.drain(..) {
+            let id = gensym::fill(component.span, &mut component.id);
+            self.component_fields_to_append
+                .push(ComponentField::Export(ComponentExport {
+                    span: component.span,
+                    id: None,
+                    debug_name: None,
+                    name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportKind::component(component.span, id),
+                    ty: None,
+                }));
+        }
+        match &mut component.kind {
+            NestedComponentKind::Inline(fields) => {
+                expand(fields);
+                None
+            }
+            NestedComponentKind::Import { import, ty } => {
+                let idx = self.expand_component_type_use(ty);
+                Some(ComponentField::Import(ComponentImport {
+                    span: component.span,
+                    name: import.name,
+                    item: ItemSig {
+                        span: component.span,
+                        id: component.id,
+                        name: None,
+                        kind: ItemSigKind::Component(ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx)),
+                    },
+                }))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_instance(&mut self, instance: &mut Instance<'a>) -> Option<ComponentField<'a>> {
+        for name in instance.exports.names.drain(..) {
+            let id = gensym::fill(instance.span, &mut instance.id);
+            self.component_fields_to_append
+                .push(ComponentField::Export(ComponentExport {
+                    span: instance.span,
+                    id: None,
+                    debug_name: None,
+                    name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportKind::instance(instance.span, id),
+                    ty: None,
+                }));
+        }
+        match &mut instance.kind {
+            InstanceKind::Import { import, ty } => {
+                let idx = self.expand_component_type_use(ty);
+                Some(ComponentField::Import(ComponentImport {
+                    span: instance.span,
+                    name: import.name,
+                    item: ItemSig {
+                        span: instance.span,
+                        id: instance.id,
+                        name: None,
+                        kind: ItemSigKind::Instance(ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx)),
+                    },
+                }))
+            }
+            InstanceKind::Instantiate { args, .. } => {
+                for arg in args {
+                    self.expand_instantiation_arg(&mut arg.kind);
+                }
+                None
+            }
+            InstanceKind::BundleOfExports { .. } => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_canonical_func(&mut self, func: &mut CanonicalFunc<'a>) {
+        match &mut func.kind {
+            CanonicalFuncKind::Lift { ty, .. } => {
+                self.expand_component_type_use(ty);
+            }
+            CanonicalFuncKind::Lower(_)
+            | CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceNew(_)
+            | CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceRep(_)
+            | CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceDrop(_)
+            | CanonicalFuncKind::ThreadSpawn(_)
+            | CanonicalFuncKind::ThreadHwConcurrency(_) => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_func(&mut self, func: &mut CoreFunc<'a>) -> Option<ComponentField<'a>> {
+        match &mut func.kind {
+            CoreFuncKind::Alias(a) => Some(ComponentField::Alias(Alias {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                target: AliasTarget::CoreExport {
+                    instance: a.instance,
+                    name: a.name,
+                    kind: core::ExportKind::Func,
+                },
+            })),
+            CoreFuncKind::Lower(info) => Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                kind: CanonicalFuncKind::Lower(mem::take(info)),
+            })),
+            CoreFuncKind::ResourceNew(info) => Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                kind: CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceNew(mem::take(info)),
+            })),
+            CoreFuncKind::ResourceDrop(info) => {
+                Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                    span: func.span,
+                    id: func.id,
+                    name: func.name,
+                    kind: CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceDrop(mem::take(info)),
+                }))
+            }
+            CoreFuncKind::ResourceRep(info) => Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                kind: CanonicalFuncKind::ResourceRep(mem::take(info)),
+            })),
+            CoreFuncKind::ThreadSpawn(info) => Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                kind: CanonicalFuncKind::ThreadSpawn(mem::take(info)),
+            })),
+            CoreFuncKind::ThreadHwConcurrency(info) => {
+                Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                    span: func.span,
+                    id: func.id,
+                    name: func.name,
+                    kind: CanonicalFuncKind::ThreadHwConcurrency(mem::take(info)),
+                }))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_func(&mut self, func: &mut Func<'a>) -> Option<ComponentField<'a>> {
+        for name in func.exports.names.drain(..) {
+            let id = gensym::fill(func.span, &mut func.id);
+            self.component_fields_to_append
+                .push(ComponentField::Export(ComponentExport {
+                    span: func.span,
+                    id: None,
+                    debug_name: None,
+                    name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportKind::func(func.span, id),
+                    ty: None,
+                }));
+        }
+        match &mut func.kind {
+            FuncKind::Import { import, ty } => {
+                let idx = self.expand_component_type_use(ty);
+                Some(ComponentField::Import(ComponentImport {
+                    span: func.span,
+                    name: import.name,
+                    item: ItemSig {
+                        span: func.span,
+                        id: func.id,
+                        name: None,
+                        kind: ItemSigKind::Func(ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx)),
+                    },
+                }))
+            }
+            FuncKind::Lift { ty, info } => {
+                let idx = self.expand_component_type_use(ty);
+                Some(ComponentField::CanonicalFunc(CanonicalFunc {
+                    span: func.span,
+                    id: func.id,
+                    name: func.name,
+                    kind: CanonicalFuncKind::Lift {
+                        ty: ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx),
+                        info: mem::take(info),
+                    },
+                }))
+            }
+            FuncKind::Alias(a) => Some(ComponentField::Alias(Alias {
+                span: func.span,
+                id: func.id,
+                name: func.name,
+                target: AliasTarget::Export {
+                    instance: a.instance,
+                    name: a.name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportAliasKind::Func,
+                },
+            })),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_type(&mut self, field: &mut CoreType<'a>) {
+        match &mut field.def {
+            CoreTypeDef::Def(_) => {}
+            CoreTypeDef::Module(m) => self.expand_module_ty(m),
+        }
+
+        let id = gensym::fill(field.span, &mut field.id);
+        let index = Index::Id(id);
+        match &field.def {
+            CoreTypeDef::Def(_) => {}
+            CoreTypeDef::Module(t) => t.key().insert(self, index),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_type(&mut self, field: &mut Type<'a>) {
+        match &mut field.def {
+            TypeDef::Defined(d) => self.expand_defined_ty(d),
+            TypeDef::Func(f) => self.expand_func_ty(f),
+            TypeDef::Component(c) => self.expand_component_ty(c),
+            TypeDef::Instance(i) => self.expand_instance_ty(i),
+            TypeDef::Resource(_) => {}
+        }
+
+        let id = gensym::fill(field.span, &mut field.id);
+        let index = Index::Id(id);
+        match &field.def {
+            TypeDef::Defined(t) => t.key().insert(self, index),
+            TypeDef::Func(t) => t.key().insert(self, index),
+            TypeDef::Component(t) => t.key().insert(self, index),
+            TypeDef::Instance(t) => t.key().insert(self, index),
+            TypeDef::Resource(_) => {}
+        }
+        for name in field.exports.names.drain(..) {
+            self.component_fields_to_append
+                .push(ComponentField::Export(ComponentExport {
+                    span: field.span,
+                    id: None,
+                    debug_name: None,
+                    name,
+                    kind: ComponentExportKind::ty(field.span, id),
+                    ty: None,
+                }));
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_func_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut ComponentFunctionType<'a>) {
+        for param in ty.params.iter_mut() {
+            self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut param.ty);
+        }
+
+        for result in ty.results.iter_mut() {
+            self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut result.ty);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_module_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut ModuleType<'a>) {
+        use crate::core::resolve::types::{FuncKey, TypeKey, TypeReference};
+
+        // Note that this is a custom implementation from everything else in
+        // this file since this is using core wasm types instead of component
+        // types, so a small part of the core wasm expansion process is
+        // inlined here to handle the `TypeUse` from core wasm.
+
+        let mut func_type_to_idx = HashMap::new();
+        let mut to_prepend = Vec::new();
+        let mut i = 0;
+        while i < ty.decls.len() {
+            match &mut ty.decls[i] {
+                ModuleTypeDecl::Type(ty) => match &ty.def.kind {
+                    core::InnerTypeKind::Func(f) => {
+                        let id = gensym::fill(ty.span, &mut ty.id);
+                        func_type_to_idx.insert(f.key(), Index::Id(id));
+                    }
+                    core::InnerTypeKind::Struct(_) => {}
+                    core::InnerTypeKind::Array(_) => {}
+                    core::InnerTypeKind::Cont(_) => {}
+                },
+                ModuleTypeDecl::Rec(_) => {}
+                ModuleTypeDecl::Alias(_) => {}
+                ModuleTypeDecl::Import(ty) => {
+                    expand_sig(&mut ty.item, &mut to_prepend, &mut func_type_to_idx);
+                }
+                ModuleTypeDecl::Export(_, item) => {
+                    expand_sig(item, &mut to_prepend, &mut func_type_to_idx);
+                }
+            }
+            ty.decls.splice(i..i, to_prepend.drain(..));
+            i += 1;
+        }
+
+        fn expand_sig<'a>(
+            item: &mut core::ItemSig<'a>,
+            to_prepend: &mut Vec<ModuleTypeDecl<'a>>,
+            func_type_to_idx: &mut HashMap<FuncKey<'a>, Index<'a>>,
+        ) {
+            match &mut item.kind {
+                core::ItemKind::Func(t) | core::ItemKind::Tag(core::TagType::Exception(t)) => {
+                    // If the index is already filled in then this is skipped.
+                    if t.index.is_some() {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    // Otherwise the inline type information is used to
+                    // generate a type into this module if necessary. If the
+                    // function type already exists we reuse the same key,
+                    // otherwise a fresh type definition is created and we use
+                    // that one instead.
+                    let ty = t.inline.take().unwrap_or_default();
+                    let key = ty.key();
+                    if let Some(idx) = func_type_to_idx.get(&key) {
+                        t.index = Some(*idx);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    let id = gensym::gen(item.span);
+                    to_prepend.push(ModuleTypeDecl::Type(core::Type {
+                        span: item.span,
+                        id: Some(id),
+                        name: None,
+                        // Currently, there is no way in the WebAssembly text
+                        //  format to mark a function `shared` inline; a
+                        // `shared` function must use an explicit type index,
+                        // e.g., `(func (type $ft))`.
+                        def: key.to_def(item.span, /* shared = */ false),
+                    }));
+                    let idx = Index::Id(id);
+                    t.index = Some(idx);
+                }
+                core::ItemKind::Global(_)
+                | core::ItemKind::Table(_)
+                | core::ItemKind::Memory(_) => {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_component_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut ComponentType<'a>) {
+        Expander::default().expand_decls(&mut ty.decls, |e, decl| match decl {
+            ComponentTypeDecl::CoreType(t) => e.expand_core_type(t),
+            ComponentTypeDecl::Type(t) => e.expand_type(t),
+            ComponentTypeDecl::Alias(_) => {}
+            ComponentTypeDecl::Export(t) => e.expand_item_sig(&mut t.item),
+            ComponentTypeDecl::Import(t) => e.expand_item_sig(&mut t.item),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn expand_instance_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut InstanceType<'a>) {
+        Expander::default().expand_decls(&mut ty.decls, |e, decl| match decl {
+            InstanceTypeDecl::CoreType(t) => e.expand_core_type(t),
+            InstanceTypeDecl::Type(t) => e.expand_type(t),
+            InstanceTypeDecl::Alias(_) => {}
+            InstanceTypeDecl::Export(t) => e.expand_item_sig(&mut t.item),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn expand_item_sig(&mut self, ext: &mut ItemSig<'a>) {
+        match &mut ext.kind {
+            ItemSigKind::CoreModule(t) => {
+                self.expand_core_type_use(t);
+            }
+            ItemSigKind::Func(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_type_use(t);
+            }
+            ItemSigKind::Component(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_type_use(t);
+            }
+            ItemSigKind::Instance(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_type_use(t);
+            }
+            ItemSigKind::Value(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut t.0);
+            }
+            ItemSigKind::Type(_) => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_defined_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut ComponentDefinedType<'a>) {
+        match ty {
+            ComponentDefinedType::Primitive(_)
+            | ComponentDefinedType::Flags(_)
+            | ComponentDefinedType::Enum(_) => {}
+            ComponentDefinedType::Record(r) => {
+                for field in r.fields.iter_mut() {
+                    self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut field.ty);
+                }
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::Variant(v) => {
+                for case in v.cases.iter_mut() {
+                    if let Some(ty) = &mut case.ty {
+                        self.expand_component_val_ty(ty);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::List(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut t.element);
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::Tuple(t) => {
+                for field in t.fields.iter_mut() {
+                    self.expand_component_val_ty(field);
+                }
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::Option(t) => {
+                self.expand_component_val_ty(&mut t.element);
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::Result(r) => {
+                if let Some(ty) = &mut r.ok {
+                    self.expand_component_val_ty(ty);
+                }
+
+                if let Some(ty) = &mut r.err {
+                    self.expand_component_val_ty(ty);
+                }
+            }
+            ComponentDefinedType::Own(_) | ComponentDefinedType::Borrow(_) => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn expand_component_val_ty(&mut self, ty: &mut ComponentValType<'a>) {
+        let inline = match ty {
+            ComponentValType::Inline(ComponentDefinedType::Primitive(_))
+            | ComponentValType::Ref(_) => return,
+            ComponentValType::Inline(inline) => {
+                self.expand_defined_ty(inline);
+                mem::take(inline)
+            }
+        };
+        // If this inline type has already been defined within this context
+        // then reuse the previously defined type to avoid injecting too many
+        // types into the type index space.
+        if let Some(idx) = inline.key().lookup(self) {
+            *ty = ComponentValType::Ref(idx);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // And if this type isn't already defined we append it to the index
+        // space with a fresh and unique name.
+        let span = Span::from_offset(0); // FIXME(#613): don't manufacture
+        let id = gensym::gen(span);
+
+        self.types_to_prepend.push(inline.into_any_type(span, id));
+
+        let idx = Index::Id(id);
+        *ty = ComponentValType::Ref(idx);
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_type_use<T>(
+        &mut self,
+        item: &mut CoreTypeUse<'a, T>,
+    ) -> CoreItemRef<'a, kw::r#type>
+    where
+        T: TypeReference<'a>,
+    {
+        let span = Span::from_offset(0); // FIXME(#613): don't manufacture
+        let mut inline = match mem::take(item) {
+            // If this type-use was already a reference to an existing type
+            // then we put it back the way it was and return the corresponding
+            // index.
+            CoreTypeUse::Ref(idx) => {
+                *item = CoreTypeUse::Ref(idx.clone());
+                return idx;
+            }
+
+            // ... otherwise with an inline type definition we go into
+            // processing below.
+            CoreTypeUse::Inline(inline) => inline,
+        };
+        inline.expand(self);
+
+        // If this inline type has already been defined within this context
+        // then reuse the previously defined type to avoid injecting too many
+        // types into the type index space.
+        if let Some(idx) = inline.key().lookup(self) {
+            let ret = CoreItemRef {
+                idx,
+                kind: kw::r#type(span),
+                export_name: None,
+            };
+            *item = CoreTypeUse::Ref(ret.clone());
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        // And if this type isn't already defined we append it to the index
+        // space with a fresh and unique name.
+        let id = gensym::gen(span);
+
+        self.types_to_prepend.push(inline.into_any_type(span, id));
+
+        let idx = Index::Id(id);
+        let ret = CoreItemRef {
+            idx,
+            kind: kw::r#type(span),
+            export_name: None,
+        };
+
+        *item = CoreTypeUse::Ref(ret.clone());
+        ret
+    }
+
+    fn expand_component_type_use<T>(
+        &mut self,
+        item: &mut ComponentTypeUse<'a, T>,
+    ) -> ItemRef<'a, kw::r#type>
+    where
+        T: TypeReference<'a>,
+    {
+        let span = Span::from_offset(0); // FIXME(#613): don't manufacture
+        let mut inline = match mem::take(item) {
+            // If this type-use was already a reference to an existing type
+            // then we put it back the way it was and return the corresponding
+            // index.
+            ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx) => {
+                *item = ComponentTypeUse::Ref(idx.clone());
+                return idx;
+            }
+
+            // ... otherwise with an inline type definition we go into
+            // processing below.
+            ComponentTypeUse::Inline(inline) => inline,
+        };
+        inline.expand(self);
+
+        // If this inline type has already been defined within this context
+        // then reuse the previously defined type to avoid injecting too many
+        // types into the type index space.
+        if let Some(idx) = inline.key().lookup(self) {
+            let ret = ItemRef {
+                idx,
+                kind: kw::r#type(span),
+                export_names: Vec::new(),
+            };
+            *item = ComponentTypeUse::Ref(ret.clone());
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        // And if this type isn't already defined we append it to the index
+        // space with a fresh and unique name.
+        let id = gensym::gen(span);
+
+        self.types_to_prepend.push(inline.into_any_type(span, id));
+
+        let idx = Index::Id(id);
+        let ret = ItemRef {
+            idx,
+            kind: kw::r#type(span),
+            export_names: Vec::new(),
+        };
+
+        *item = ComponentTypeUse::Ref(ret.clone());
+        ret
+    }
+
+    fn expand_core_instantiation_arg(&mut self, arg: &mut CoreInstantiationArgKind<'a>) {
+        let (span, exports) = match arg {
+            CoreInstantiationArgKind::Instance(_) => return,
+            CoreInstantiationArgKind::BundleOfExports(span, exports) => (*span, mem::take(exports)),
+        };
+        let id = gensym::gen(span);
+        self.component_fields_to_prepend
+            .push(ComponentField::CoreInstance(CoreInstance {
+                span,
+                id: Some(id),
+                name: None,
+                kind: CoreInstanceKind::BundleOfExports(exports),
+            }));
+        *arg = CoreInstantiationArgKind::Instance(CoreItemRef {
+            kind: kw::instance(span),
+            idx: Index::Id(id),
+            export_name: None,
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn expand_instantiation_arg(&mut self, arg: &mut InstantiationArgKind<'a>) {
+        let (span, exports) = match arg {
+            InstantiationArgKind::Item(_) => return,
+            InstantiationArgKind::BundleOfExports(span, exports) => (*span, mem::take(exports)),
+        };
+        let id = gensym::gen(span);
+        self.component_fields_to_prepend
+            .push(ComponentField::Instance(Instance {
+                span,
+                id: Some(id),
+                name: None,
+                exports: Default::default(),
+                kind: InstanceKind::BundleOfExports(exports),
+            }));
+        *arg = InstantiationArgKind::Item(ComponentExportKind::instance(span, id));
+    }
+}
+
+trait TypeReference<'a> {
+    type Key: TypeKey<'a>;
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key;
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>);
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a>;
+}
+
+impl<'a> TypeReference<'a> for ComponentDefinedType<'a> {
+    type Key = Todo; // FIXME(#598): should implement this
+
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
+        Todo
+    }
+
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>) {
+        cx.expand_defined_ty(self)
+    }
+
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a> {
+        AnyType::Component(Type {
+            span,
+            id: Some(id),
+            name: None,
+            exports: Default::default(),
+            def: TypeDef::Defined(self),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TypeReference<'a> for ComponentType<'a> {
+    type Key = Todo; // FIXME(#598): should implement this
+
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
+        Todo
+    }
+
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>) {
+        cx.expand_component_ty(self)
+    }
+
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a> {
+        AnyType::Component(Type {
+            span,
+            id: Some(id),
+            name: None,
+            exports: Default::default(),
+            def: TypeDef::Component(self),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TypeReference<'a> for ModuleType<'a> {
+    type Key = Todo; // FIXME(#598): should implement this
+
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
+        Todo
+    }
+
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>) {
+        cx.expand_module_ty(self)
+    }
+
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a> {
+        AnyType::Core(CoreType {
+            span,
+            id: Some(id),
+            name: None,
+            def: CoreTypeDef::Module(self),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TypeReference<'a> for InstanceType<'a> {
+    type Key = Todo; // FIXME(#598): should implement this
+
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
+        Todo
+    }
+
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>) {
+        cx.expand_instance_ty(self)
+    }
+
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a> {
+        AnyType::Component(Type {
+            span,
+            id: Some(id),
+            name: None,
+            exports: Default::default(),
+            def: TypeDef::Instance(self),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TypeReference<'a> for ComponentFunctionType<'a> {
+    type Key = Todo; // FIXME(#598): should implement this
+
+    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
+        Todo
+    }
+
+    fn expand(&mut self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>) {
+        cx.expand_func_ty(self)
+    }
+
+    fn into_any_type(self, span: Span, id: Id<'a>) -> AnyType<'a> {
+        AnyType::Component(Type {
+            span,
+            id: Some(id),
+            name: None,
+            exports: Default::default(),
+            def: TypeDef::Func(self),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+trait TypeKey<'a> {
+    fn lookup(&self, cx: &Expander<'a>) -> Option<Index<'a>>;
+    fn insert(&self, cx: &mut Expander<'a>, index: Index<'a>);
+}
+
+struct Todo;
+
+impl<'a> TypeKey<'a> for Todo {
+    fn lookup(&self, _cx: &Expander<'a>) -> Option<Index<'a>> {
+        None
+    }
+
+    fn insert(&self, _cx: &mut Expander<'a>, _index: Index<'a>) {}
+}