vehicles 0.4.0 → 0.6.1

data/data/plates/us-fl.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
+# plates/us/fl.yml — Florida (PRD-PLATES gate L0 pilot; the federated case).
+#
+# WHY FLORIDA IS THE PILOT STATE, restated from the source law: the US has NO
+# federal plate mandate and per-state IP posture VARIES. Florida is the
+# affirmatively favourable case — its constitution and public-records statutes
+# bar copyright claims over public records, and Microdecisions, Inc. v. Skinner
+# (2004) held government-produced text, communications AND IMAGES to be public
+# domain. See `artwork_risk` below.
+#
+# SOURCING RULE APPLIED HERE: Florida's plate FACTS come from the STATUTE, not
+# the brochure. Edicts of government are public domain at every level, and
+# PRD-PLATES §4 says always prefer the statute over the brochure. So every
+# format, dimension, legend, display and replacement-cycle claim below cites
+# Chapter 320 or Chapter 316 of the Florida Statutes. The FLHSMV brochure and
+# the specialty portal are cited only for the two things the statute does not
+# carry: which standard VARIANTS are currently offered, and how many specialty
+# programs exist.
+#
+# WHAT IS DELIBERATELY NOT HERE (PRD-PLATES §2.5): the individual specialty
+# DESIGNS. L2 indexes the programs with official links and counts; individual
+# designs are L4. `us-fl-specialty-index` is that index entry and nothing more.
+jurisdiction: us-fl
+authority:
+  name: Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles (FLHSMV)
+  url: "https://www.flhsmv.gov/motor-vehicles-tags-titles/license-plates-registration/"
+binding: vehicle
+statute_edition: "The 2025 Florida Statutes (Title XXIII Motor Vehicles, Chapters 316 and 320) — the edition read for this pass; leg.state.fl.us serves editions back to 1997"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# artwork_risk — required per jurisdiction by PRD-PLATES §4.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+artwork_risk:
+  posture: public-domain-favourable
+  basis: >-
+    Florida is the strongest public-domain posture of any US state surveyed: the
+    state constitution plus the public-records statutes prohibit copyright claims
+    over public records, and Microdecisions, Inc. v. Skinner (2004) held that
+    government-produced text, communications and IMAGES are public domain.
+    Wikimedia Commons carries and actively uses the {{PD-FLGov}} tag. Contrast
+    Arizona, which expressly asserts copyright, and NY/PA/WA, which are adverse.
+  emblem_rule: >-
+    PRD-PLATES §3's placeholder default still applies to the ORANGE BLOSSOM and
+    STATE MAP graphic until the emblem is affirmatively cleared per-emblem. Even
+    under a favourable copyright posture, state seals and emblems carry
+    protection INDEPENDENT of copyright (state-seal misuse statutes), and that
+    question is unresearched. Render `emblem: {present: true, rendered:
+    placeholder}` and revisit as a named decision.
+  photograph_caution: >-
+    Commons photographs of Florida plates are dominantly CC BY-SA — but that is
+    the PHOTOGRAPHER's licence on the PHOTOGRAPH, and the uploader had no
+    standing over the design. Measured examples: File:FL-2010.jpg CC BY-SA 4.0,
+    File:1983 Florida license plate - XRN 061.jpg CC BY-SA 3.0, File:License
+    plates of Florida 1844.jpg CC BY-SA 4.0. Because our renders are generated
+    from the statute and never derived from a photograph, those share-alike
+    obligations never attach.
+  sources:
+    - "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-FLGov  # the Florida PD tag exists and is in active use (Category:PD Florida)"
+    - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # the statutory design spec itself — an edict of government, PD"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# The US standards chain. Recorded once, because it is voluntary and because
+# the delegation trap matters: AAMVA sends dimensions to SAE J686, whose own
+# text is PAYWALLED and UNPINNED. Nothing below quotes J686.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+us_standards:
+  no_federal_mandate: true
+  chain: "SAE J686 -> AAMVA License Plate Standard Edition 3 (September 2025) -> voluntary state adoption. AAMVA has no enforcement power; it writes recommendations in the declarative present, which must be read as RECOMMENDED PRACTICE, not requirement."
+  aamva_edition_3:
+    dimensions_delegated: "AAMVA §3.1: 'License plate dimensions and bolt holes comply with the SAE International Motor Vehicle License Plates Standard J686.' So the dimension authority is SAE J686 — not AAMVA, not any federal body. J686's own text is paywalled and was NOT obtained; no J686 dimension is quoted anywhere in this dataset."
+    retroreflectivity: "AAMVA §3.3: readable 'in both daylight and nighttime from distances of at least 75 feet'; materials per ASTM D4956-19 and ISO 7591:1982 clause 3; test geometry entrance angle 0.2°, observation angle -4°, minimum 45 cd/lx/m²"
+    jurisdiction_name_layout: "AAMVA §2.1: the jurisdiction name 'appears in the top center location between the bolt holes', at least 0.25 in above the plate number and at least 0.125 in from the top edge; jurisdiction characters 0.75-1.0 in"
+    character_layout: "AAMVA §2.2: characters at least 2.5 in high, spaced at least 0.25 in apart, stroke weight 0.2-0.4 in, at least 1.25 in clear of the top and bottom edges"
+    stacked_characters: "AAMVA: 'If stacked characters are used, they are part of the official license plate number. No more than two characters are to be stacked.' Consequential for regex and normalisation — a stacked pair is SERIAL, not decoration."
+    replacement_cycle: "AAMVA §1.1: 'Because license plates lose significant retro-reflectivity within 7 years, a required rolling or full replacement cycle not to exceed 7 to 10 years is recommended.' Florida legislated 10 (see us-fl-standard)."
+    licence_posture: "AAMVA © — freely downloadable without click-through; facts extractable, text not reproducible. Cited, not quoted at length."
+    source: "https://www.aamva.org/getmedia/646bcc8a-219b-47d8-b5cd-726240473163/License-Plate-Standard-Edition-3_September-2025-Update.pdf"
+  folklore_caution: >-
+    The famous "1956 AMA standardization agreement" that supposedly fixed the
+    6x12 inch plate is UNCITED in its Wikipedia source — a `citation needed`
+    since 2017, copied verbatim across articles, i.e. circular. It is recorded
+    here as COMMONLY REPEATED, UNSOURCED, and Florida's 6x12 minimum is instead
+    cited to § 320.06(3)(a) F.S., which states it in law.
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Display rules. Florida is a REAR-ONLY state with two statutory exceptions,
+# one of which is genuinely unusual (truck tractors are FRONT-ONLY).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+display_rules:
+  default: "ONE plate, rear. § 320.06(1)(a): the department issues 'one registration license plate, unless two plates are required for display by s. 320.0706, for each vehicle so registered'. § 316.605(1) then requires display of 'the license plate or both of the license plates assigned to it by the state, one on the rear and, if two, the other on the front'."
+  front_plate_required_when:
+    - "commercial truck of gross vehicle weight 26,001 lb or more: front AND rear (§ 320.0706)"
+    - "TRUCK TRACTOR: the owner 'shall be required to display the registration license plate only on the FRONT of such vehicle' (§ 320.0706) — front-only, the inverse of the state default and a genuine outlier in the US"
+  dump_truck: "the rear plate may be placed on the gate, no higher than 60 inches, for better visibility (§ 320.0706)"
+  exempt: "display is excused for described former military vehicles under § 320.086(5) (cross-referenced by § 316.605(1))"
+  mounting: "§ 316.605(1): securely fastened outside the main body, not higher than 60 in and not lower than 12 in from the ground, no more than 24 in left or right of the vehicle centreline, and not swinging; plainly visible and legible at 100 feet"
+  orientation: "§ 316.605(1): letters and numerals read left to right PARALLEL TO THE GROUND; no inverted or reversed display; nothing may be placed on the face of a Florida plate except as permitted by law or agency rule"
+  penalty: "violation of § 316.605(1) is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a NONMOVING violation; violation of § 320.0706 is punishable as a MOVING violation"
+  sources:
+    - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(1)(a): one plate unless two required by s. 320.0706"
+    - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0316/Sections/0316.605.html  # § 316.605(1): display, mounting heights, 100-foot legibility, orientation, the face-of-plate rule, penalty"
+    - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.0706.html  # § 320.0706: 26,001 lb trucks front and rear; truck tractors FRONT ONLY; dump-truck gate rule"
+
+series:
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # THE STANDARD-ISSUE SERIES.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: us-fl-standard
+    class: standard
+    categories: [car, van, truck, bus, motorcycle, moped, trailer]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+      charset:
+        notes: >-
+          § 320.06(1)(a): the department assigns 'a registration license number
+          consisting of letters and numerals or numerals'. § 320.06(3)(a): the plate
+          'must be imprinted with a combination of bold letters and numerals or
+          numerals, NOT TO EXCEED SEVEN DIGITS'. That is the whole statutory
+          constraint — Florida law fixes a MAXIMUM LENGTH and an alphabet, and
+          nothing else. No letter exclusions are stated anywhere in Chapter 320.
+      pattern_note: >-
+        `regex` encodes the CURRENT passenger arrangement (three letters, three
+        numerals). `regex_statutory` encodes what the STATUTE actually permits — up
+        to seven alphanumeric characters — and is the honest bound for any
+        Florida plate of unknown vintage. Historical and parallel Florida
+        arrangements reported by secondary sources (ABC D12, A12 3BC, 12A BCD,
+        123 4AB, AB1 2CD, A12 34B) all fall inside `regex_statutory`; they are NOT
+        given series of their own here because no primary establishing their
+        periods was obtained (recorded gap).
+      stacked_characters_note: "AAMVA treats stacked characters as part of the official number, at most two stacked. Florida's statute is silent on stacking; a normaliser must decide, and the decision belongs in the parse layer, not here."
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, w_mm: 304.8, h_mm: 152.4 }
+      plate_dimension_note: >-
+        § 320.06(3)(a), verbatim: the plate 'must be at least 6 inches wide and not
+        less than 12 inches in length, unless a plate with reduced dimensions is
+        deemed necessary by the department to accommodate motorcycles, mopeds,
+        similar smaller vehicles, or trailers'. Note the statute states MINIMA, and
+        note its axes read oddly ('6 inches wide', '12 inches in length') — the
+        conventional US plate is 12 in across by 6 in tall, recorded that way here.
+        The reduced motorcycle/moped/trailer sizes are set by DEPARTMENT DISCRETION,
+        not by statute, and were not obtained (recorded gap).
+      material: "metal, 'specially treated with a retroreflection material, as specified by the department', designed to increase nighttime visibility and legibility (§ 320.06(3)(a))"
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#006747"
+      colour_note: >-
+        NEITHER COLOUR IS IN THE STATUTE. § 320.06(3)(a) mandates a retroreflection
+        material and says nothing about hue. The reflective-white ground and green
+        characters are `hex_basis: observed`, taken from the design as depicted in
+        FLHSMV's own brochure (fetched, but its plates are raster images) and
+        corroborated only by a Wikipedia LOCATOR. Treat both hexes as unverified
+        pending a departmental rule or a colour spec in the Florida Administrative
+        Code.
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["<county name>", "<state motto>", "Sunshine State"]
+      legend_rule: >-
+        § 320.06(3)(a), verbatim: 'The license plate must be imprinted with the word
+        "Florida" at the top and the name of the county in which it is sold, the
+        state motto, or the words "Sunshine State" at the bottom.' And: 'Any county
+        may, upon majority vote of the county commission, elect to have the county
+        name removed from the license plates sold in that county. The state motto or
+        the words "Sunshine State" shall be printed in lieu thereof.' So the
+        county-name legend is a COUNTY-LEVEL OPT-OUT, which means the bottom legend
+        is not a property of the series at all but of the selling county — a real
+        modelling wrinkle for a jurisdiction-keyed schema.
+      graphic: { present: true, rendered: placeholder, description: "orange blossom over a state map, centred — observed from the official brochure images and a Wikipedia locator, NOT from a statutory drawing" }
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder }
+      validation_sticker: { position: "upper right corner of the plate", content: "owner's birth month, plate number, and year of expiration or the applicable renewal period where the owner is not a natural person", material: "retroreflection-treated, adhesive", source_note: "§ 320.06(1)(b)1" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      variants_offered: ["Sunshine State", "County Name", "In God We Trust (state motto)", "America 250"]
+      variants_note: >-
+        All four are STANDARD plates, all orderable as personalized, and all four are
+        confirmed present in FLHSMV's official brochure. They are recorded as
+        `variants_offered` rather than as four series because § 320.06(3)(a) makes
+        the bottom legend a choice within one statutory design — format, period and
+        everything else are identical.
+    replacement_cycle:
+      years: 10
+      statutory_text: "§ 320.06(1)(b)1: 'Registration license plates bearing a graphic symbol and the alphanumeric system of identification shall be issued for a 10-year period. At the end of the 10-year period, upon renewal, the plate shall be replaced. The department shall extend the scheduled license plate replacement date from a 6-year period to a 10-year period.'"
+      fee: "$28 replacement, prepaid at $2.80 per year and credited toward the next $28"
+      note: >-
+        FLORIDA LEGISLATED THE TOP OF AAMVA'S RANGE. AAMVA §1.1 recommends a cycle
+        'not to exceed 7 to 10 years'; Florida chose 10 and, in the same sentence,
+        recorded that it moved UP from 6. This is the answer to "is there a US
+        redesign cadence?" — there is no redesign schedule anywhere, only
+        per-state REPLACEMENT cycles, and here is one in statute.
+    registration_period: "12 months standard, 24 months extended, or permanent for qualifying rental vehicles and certain semitrailers provided the taxes and fees are paid annually; expirations key off the owner's BIRTH MONTH (§ 320.06(1)(b)1, (1)(c))"
+    region_encoding: "county name appears as a LEGEND, not as a code — it is printed text, is opt-out at county-commission level, and encodes nothing in the serial. There is no geographic decode in a Florida plate string."
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(1)(a) one plate + 'letters and numerals or numerals'; (1)(b)1 the 10-year cycle, $28 fee, birth-month validation sticker; (1)(c) registration periods; (3)(a) 6x12 minimum, retroreflection, seven-character cap, FLORIDA top / county-motto-Sunshine State bottom, county opt-out"
+      - "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/specialtyplates/FLPB.pdf  # official FLHSMV 'Florida License Plates' brochure, 27 pp — confirms the four standard variants: Sunshine State, County Name, In God We Trust (State Motto), America 250"
+      - "https://www.aamva.org/getmedia/646bcc8a-219b-47d8-b5cd-726240473163/License-Plate-Standard-Edition-3_September-2025-Update.pdf  # AAMVA Ed.3 §1.1 replacement-cycle recommendation Florida's 10 years sits at the top of"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Florida  # LOCATOR ONLY (PRD-PLATES §4): the reported February 2026 rollout of the orange-blossom design and the seven historical serial arrangements. Neither is asserted as sourced here."
+    notes: >-
+      FLORIDA STANDARD ISSUE. THE ID IS DELIBERATELY UNDATED. PRD-PLATES's own
+      example id is `us-fl-standard-2003`, but no primary establishing the boundary
+      between Florida base-design generations was obtained in this pass: the FLHSMV
+      brochure carries designs as images with no dates, and the reported February
+      2026 rollout of the orange-blossom base is Wikipedia-grade. Rather than mint a
+      dated id on a folklore boundary and then have to alias it, this entry is the
+      undated statutory series; when a primary lands, a dated id is added and this id
+      becomes its former-id alias under the PRD-QUALITY I-5/I-6 contract.
+      PERIOD CAVEAT: `start: 2025` is the edition of the Florida Statutes read and is
+      an UPPER BOUND on the true start — Florida has issued alphanumeric plates for
+      the better part of a century. Recorded as an upper bound rather than invented.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # SPECIALTY — THE PROGRAM INDEX, per PRD-PLATES §2.5. Count and official
+  # links only; no individual designs.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: us-fl-specialty-index
+    class: specialty
+    categories: [car, van, truck, motorcycle]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "specialty plates carry ORDINARY serials on an alternative design — the § 320.06(3)(a) seven-character cap and alphabet apply unchanged" }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      note: "one design per authorised program; the designs themselves are L4 scope (PRD-PLATES §2.5) and none is described here"
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder }
+    program_index:
+      count_official: "over 100"
+      count_official_quote: "FLHSMV, in its own words: 'Florida offers over 100 different specialty license plates for various organizations in support of the causes they represent.'"
+      count_secondary: "over 120 per Wikipedia — LOCATOR ONLY, not reconciled with FLHSMV's own figure; the discrepancy is recorded, not averaged (PRD-PLATES §5.3)"
+      official_list_url: "https://www.flhsmv.gov/motor-vehicles-tags-titles/personalized-specialty-license-plates/specialty-license-plates/"
+      official_catalogue_url: "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/specialtyplates/FLPB.pdf"
+      official_military_catalogue_url: "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/specialtyplates/military_brochure.pdf"
+      registration_counts_url: "https://services.flhsmv.gov/specialtyplates/"
+      registration_counts_note: >-
+        THE DIFFERENTIATOR NO COMPETITOR HAS. services.flhsmv.gov/specialtyplates/ is
+        a REPORTING PORTAL, not a gallery: it publishes a Monthly Active Specialty
+        Plates report ('all active registration as of the first of each month' —
+        active meaning a current/valid decal) and a Monthly Revenue Collections
+        report with three years of history. That is per-plate ISSUANCE VOLUME from
+        the issuing agency. No enthusiast site and no competing dataset carries
+        issuance volumes. The active-plate report explicitly has NO HISTORICAL DATA,
+        so it must be snapshotted monthly or the history is lost forever.
+      brochure_sections_observed: ["STANDARD", "SPECIALTY - COLLEGIATE", "SPECIAL - COMMERCIAL VEHICLE", "SPECIAL - FRONT END FOR EMERGENCY PERSONNEL", "SPECIAL - HISTORICAL VEHICLE", "SPECIAL - MISCELLANEOUS"]
+      special_requirement_subtype: "FLHSMV distinguishes SPECIAL REQUIREMENT plates as 'a subtype of specialty license plates' — those needing the registrant to furnish proof before purchase (military decorations, disabled veteran, etc.). Medal of Honor, Air Force Cross, Navy Cross, Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star, Distinguished Flying Cross and World War II Veteran plates must be ordered through the Department, not a service centre."
+      churn_note: "§ 320.08056(8)(a) obliges the department to DISCONTINUE issuance of an approved specialty plate in stated circumstances, so the index is a moving target with authorised-but-dead programs in it. The numeric threshold triggering discontinuation was not extracted in this pass (recorded gap)."
+      gift_certificate_program: "FLHSMV authorises specialty-plate GIFT CERTIFICATES redeemable at any authorised motor-vehicle office; money passes to the sponsoring entity on purchase, so refunds are not available."
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.flhsmv.gov/motor-vehicles-tags-titles/personalized-specialty-license-plates/  # FLHSMV: 'Florida offers over 100 different specialty license plates'; the special-requirement subtype; the military-plate ordering rule; the gift-certificate program"
+      - "https://services.flhsmv.gov/specialtyplates/  # Monthly Active Specialty Plates report (no historical data) + Monthly Revenue Collections report (3-year history)"
+      - "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/specialtyplates/FLPB.pdf  # the 27-page official catalogue and its section structure"
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.08056.html  # § 320.08056: specialty plate authorisation, annual use fees, and the (8)(a) discontinuation duty"
+    notes: >-
+      THE SPECIALTY PROGRAM INDEX — one entry standing for the whole program, which
+      is what PRD-PLATES §2.5 asks for at this gate. Two things worth carrying
+      forward. First, the count is CONTESTED: FLHSMV says over 100, Wikipedia says
+      over 120, and the honest record is both figures with their sources, not a
+      split. Second, the monthly active-plate report is the single most valuable
+      structured artefact found in the whole US pass and it is NOT archived by its
+      publisher — a monthly capture job should be scheduled before L2, because every
+      month not captured is permanently gone.
+
+  - id: us-fl-personalized
+    class: personalized
+    categories: [car, van, truck, motorcycle]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLLLLLL"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{1,7}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "owner-chosen inside the § 320.06(3)(a) frame: bold letters and numerals or numerals, at most seven characters. Availability is checked through FLHSMV's Personalized License Plate Inquiry before order." }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#006747"
+      note: "any standard OR specialty design may be personalized — FLHSMV: 'Standard license plates listed above can be ordered as personalized'"
+    fee: "$15 additional annual fee per personalized plate; HSMV form 83043 completed and presented at a local office"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.flhsmv.gov/motor-vehicles-tags-titles/personalized-specialty-license-plates/  # personalized plates ordered in person, $15 annual fee, HSMV form 83043, the Personalized License Plate Inquiry availability service"
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(3)(a): the seven-character cap and alphabet a personalized configuration must fit"
+      - "https://www.flhsmv.gov/pdf/specialtyplates/FLPB.pdf  # 'Note: Standard license plates listed above can be ordered as personalized.'"
+    notes: >-
+      PERSONALIZED PLATES. Modelled as its own series because the SERIAL SOURCE
+      differs — owner-chosen rather than department-assigned — which is a format
+      property even though the character frame is identical. The regex given is the
+      letters-only shape most vanity configurations take; regex_statutory is the true
+      bound. Florida's content-refusal criteria are not in Chapter 320 and were not
+      obtained (recorded gap).
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # HISTORIC — Florida runs TWO permanent numeric series, both in statute, and
+  # they are among the best-specified series in the whole L0 pass.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: us-fl-horseless-carriage
+    class: historic
+    categories: [car]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "999"
+      regex: '\A\d+\z'
+      charset:
+        notes: >-
+          § 320.086(1), verbatim: 'The registration numbers and special license plates
+          assigned to such motor vehicles shall run in a separate numerical series,
+          commencing with "Horseless Carriage No. 1"'. A SEPARATE NUMERICAL SERIES
+          with a stated origin and NO STATED WIDTH — hence the unbounded quantifier,
+          which makes no width claim. The § 320.06(3)(a) seven-character cap still
+          bounds it in practice.
+      progression: "strictly sequential from 1"
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      colour_note: >-
+        § 320.086(1) requires only that 'the plates shall be of a distinguishing
+        color' — the statute names NO colour, so none is recorded. This is the
+        cleanest example in the pilot of a legislature specifying a design PROPERTY
+        (distinctness) rather than a design VALUE.
+      legend: "Horseless Carriage"
+    eligibility: "motor vehicle for private use manufactured in MODEL YEAR 1945 OR EARLIER, operated on the state's streets and highways"
+    validity: "permanent — 'valid for use without renewal so long as the vehicle is in existence'"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.086.html  # § 320.086(1): model year 1945 or earlier, the separate numerical series from 'Horseless Carriage No. 1', distinguishing colour, permanent validity, manufacture-cost fee"
+    notes: >-
+      HORSELESS CARRIAGE. Florida sets its historic threshold by a FIXED MODEL YEAR
+      (1945 or earlier) rather than a rolling age — the opposite design choice to the
+      Antique series below, which is rolling, and to Germany's H plate. A plates
+      dataset must model both kinds of threshold: fixed-cutoff eligibility never
+      changes, rolling eligibility silently changes every year, and only the second
+      needs re-auditing. The Netherlands' pre-1978 dark-blue rule is the fixed kind
+      too.
+
+  - id: us-fl-antique
+    class: historic
+    categories: [car, truck, bus]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "999"
+      regex: '\A\d+\z'
+      charset: { notes: "§ 320.086(2)(a): 'shall run in a separate numerical series, commencing with \"Antique No. 1\"' — again a stated origin and no stated width" }
+      progression: "strictly sequential from 1"
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      colour_note: "'the plates shall be of a distinguishing color' — no value stated (§ 320.086(2)(a))"
+      legend: "Antique"
+    eligibility: "motor vehicle for private use manufactured in a model year AFTER 1945 and 'of the age of 30 years or more after the model year' — a ROLLING threshold. § 320.086(3) extends the same plates to ancient or antique firefighting apparatus, FORMER MILITARY VEHICLES and other historical motor vehicles 30 years old or older that are 'used only in exhibitions, parades, or public display', with permanent validity tied to that restricted use."
+    opt_out: "§ 320.086(2)(a): the owner may instead take 'a regular Florida license plate or specialty license plate in lieu of the special \"Antique\" license plate' — so an eligible vehicle need not be identifiable as antique at all"
+    superseded_variants:
+      - "permanent plates issued under this section BEFORE 1 October 1999 are maintained unless the vehicle transfers to a new owner (§ 320.086(2)(b))"
+      - "'Collectible' plates issued BEFORE 1 October 1999 may be retained until the next regularly scheduled replacement (§ 320.086(2)(b))"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.086.html  # § 320.086(2)(a) the rolling 30-year threshold, the 'Antique No. 1' series, distinguishing colour, the regular/specialty opt-out; (2)(b) the 1 October 1999 permanent and 'Collectible' transitions; (3) firefighting apparatus, former military and other historical vehicles"
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0316/Sections/0316.605.html  # § 316.605(1) cross-reference to s. 320.086(5), which EXEMPTS display of plates on described former military vehicles"
+    notes: >-
+      ANTIQUE. § 320.086(2)(b) is direct evidence bearing on this series' true start:
+      it legislates for plates issued under this section BEFORE 1 OCTOBER 1999, so
+      the series demonstrably predates that date. That makes 1999 an upper bound too,
+      and a tighter one than the statute edition — but the actual start needs the
+      section's History line and the Laws of Florida, which were not pursued in this
+      pass. Recorded rather than guessed. The 'Collectible' plate is a genuinely
+      DEAD series that is still lawfully on the road — exactly the case
+      PRD-PLATES's `ended: true` + `year_end_min:` semantics exist for; it is not
+      given its own entry here because no primary for its own format was obtained.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # STATUTORY LEGEND SERIES. § 320.06(3)(a) mandates a specific bottom legend
+  # for five vehicle-tax classes. Each is a design difference on the standard
+  # serial, so each is its own series under PRD-PLATES §2.3.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: us-fl-apportioned
+    class: standard
+    categories: [truck, bus]
+    period: { start: 2024 }
+    period_evidence: statutory-date
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom: "Apportioned"
+      legend_rule: "§ 320.06(3)(a), verbatim: 'Apportioned license plates must have the word \"Apportioned\" at the bottom.'"
+      validation_sticker: { content: "month of expiration" }
+    replacement_cycle:
+      years: 3
+      statutory_text: "§ 320.06(1)(b)2: 'Beginning July 1, 2024, a vehicle registered in accordance with the International Registration Plan must be issued a license plate for a 3-year period. At the end of the 3-year period, upon renewal, the license plate must be replaced.'"
+      note: "a CAB CARD stating the declared gross vehicle weight per apportioned jurisdiction is issued annually, $28 original or renewal; a damaged or worn plate is replaced at no charge on surrender"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(1)(b)2: the IRP 3-year plate 'Beginning July 1, 2024', the annual cab card, the $28 fee, free replacement of damaged plates; (3)(a): the 'Apportioned' bottom legend"
+    notes: >-
+      APPORTIONED (International Registration Plan) PLATES — THE ONE FLORIDA SERIES
+      WITH A PROPERLY DATED START. § 320.06(1)(b)2 says 'Beginning July 1, 2024' in
+      terms, so `period_evidence: statutory-date` and 2024 is a real claim, not an
+      upper bound. It is also the only Florida plate on a 3-year rather than a
+      10-year cycle, and the only one whose sticker shows a month rather than the
+      owner's birth month — apportioned vehicles are fleet-registered, so the
+      birth-month scheme cannot apply.
+
+  - id: us-fl-restricted
+    class: standard
+    categories: [truck, trailer]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom: "Restricted"
+      legend_rule: "§ 320.06(3)(a): plates for vehicles taxed under s. 320.08(3)(d), (4)(m) or (n), (5)(b) or (c), or (14) 'must have the word \"Restricted\" at the bottom'"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(3)(a): the 'Restricted' bottom legend and the exact list of § 320.08 tax paragraphs it applies to"
+    notes: >-
+      RESTRICTED-USE PLATES. The class is defined ENTIRELY BY CROSS-REFERENCE to six
+      paragraphs of the vehicle-tax schedule (§ 320.08(3)(d), (4)(m), (4)(n), (5)(b),
+      (5)(c), (14)), which were not resolved to vehicle descriptions in this pass —
+      the legend and its trigger list are sourced, the underlying vehicle types are a
+      recorded gap. Categories are recorded conservatively.
+
+  - id: us-fl-dealer
+    class: dealer
+    categories: [car, van, truck, bus, motorcycle, trailer]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom: "Dealer"
+      legend_rule: >-
+        § 320.06(3)(a), verbatim: 'License plates issued for vehicles taxed under
+        s. 320.08(12) must be imprinted with the word "Florida" at the top and the
+        word "Dealer" at the bottom UNLESS the license plate is a specialty license
+        plate as authorized in s. 320.08056.' The exception matters: a Florida dealer
+        may run a SPECIALTY design instead of the Dealer legend, so absence of the
+        legend does not prove absence of dealer status.
+    binding: business
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(3)(a): the 'Dealer' legend, the § 320.08(12) tax hook, and the specialty-plate exception"
+    notes: >-
+      DEALER PLATES. `binding: business` for the same reason as Germany's rote
+      Kennzeichen: the plate follows the dealership, not a vehicle. The specialty
+      carve-out is the interesting fact and a trap for any classifier that keys off
+      the legend.
+
+  - id: us-fl-manufacturer
+    class: dealer
+    categories: [car, van, truck, bus, motorcycle]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom: "Manufacturer"
+      legend_rule: "§ 320.06(3)(a): 'Manufacturer license plates issued for vehicles taxed under s. 320.08(12) must be imprinted with the word \"Florida\" at the top and the word \"Manufacturer\" at the bottom.' Note it takes NO specialty exception, unlike the Dealer legend in the immediately preceding sentence."
+    binding: business
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(3)(a): the 'Manufacturer' legend under the same § 320.08(12) tax hook as Dealer, without the specialty exception"
+    notes: >-
+      MANUFACTURER PLATES. Its own series and not a variant of the dealer plate
+      because the statute draws the distinction itself, in adjacent sentences, and
+      because only the Dealer legend may be displaced by a specialty design. CLASS
+      CAVEAT: recorded as `dealer` — _meta/classes.yml has no `manufacturer` value,
+      and the PRD's definition of dealer ('trade/garage plates bound to a business,
+      not a vehicle') fits the binding but not the trade.
+
+  - id: us-fl-wrecker
+    class: standard
+    categories: [truck]
+    period: { start: 2025 }
+    period_evidence: instrument-in-force-upper-bound
+    format:
+      pattern: "LLL 999"
+      regex: '\A[A-Z]{3} ?\d{3}\z'
+      regex_statutory: '\A[A-Z0-9]{1,7}\z'
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in }
+      background: { finish: retroreflective }
+      legend_top: "FLORIDA"
+      legend_bottom: "Wrecker"
+      legend_rule: "§ 320.06(3)(a): 'License plates issued for vehicles taxed under s. 320.08(5)(d) or (e) must be imprinted with the word \"Wrecker\" at the bottom.'"
+    region_encoding: none
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0320/Sections/0320.06.html  # § 320.06(3)(a): the 'Wrecker' bottom legend and its § 320.08(5)(d)-(e) tax hook"
+    notes: >-
+      WRECKER (tow truck) PLATES. Completes the five statutory bottom legends —
+      Apportioned, Restricted, Dealer, Manufacturer, Wrecker — which together are the
+      whole of Florida's legend taxonomy and, notably, are legislated rather than left
+      to departmental design. CLASS CAVEAT: no `commercial` or `tow` class exists in
+      the vocabulary; recorded as `standard` with the legend carrying the meaning.