uva-happymapper 0.4.1

data/lib/happymapper.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,617 @@
+require 'nokogiri'
+require 'date'
+require 'time'
+
+class Boolean; end
+class XmlContent; end
+
+module HappyMapper
+
+  DEFAULT_NS = "happymapper"
+
+  def self.included(base)
+    base.instance_variable_set("@attributes", {})
+    base.instance_variable_set("@elements", {})
+    base.instance_variable_set("@registered_namespaces", {})
+
+    base.extend ClassMethods
+  end
+
+  module ClassMethods
+    
+    #
+    # The xml has the following attributes defined.
+    # 
+    # @example
+    # 
+    #     "<country code='de'>Germany</country>"
+    #     
+    #     # definition of the 'code' attribute within the class
+    #     attribute :code, String
+    # 
+    # @param [Symbol] name the name of the accessor that is created
+    # @param [String,Class] type the class name of the name of the class whcih
+    #     the object will be converted upon parsing
+    # @param [Hash] options additional parameters to send to the relationship
+    # 
+    def attribute(name, type, options={})
+      attribute = Attribute.new(name, type, options)
+      @attributes[to_s] ||= []
+      @attributes[to_s] << attribute
+      attr_accessor attribute.method_name.intern
+    end
+    
+    #
+    # The elements defined through {#attribute}.
+    # 
+    # @return [Array<Attribute>] a list of the attributes defined for this class; 
+    #     an empty array is returned when there have been no attributes defined.
+    #
+    def attributes
+      @attributes[to_s] || []
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Register a namespace that is used to persist the object namespace back to
+    # XML.
+    # 
+    # @example
+    # 
+    #     register_namespace 'prefix', 'http://www.unicornland.com/prefix'
+    # 
+    #     # the output will contain the namespace defined
+    # 
+    #     "<outputXML xmlns:prefix="http://www.unicornland.com/prefix">
+    #     ...
+    #     </outputXML>"
+    # 
+    # @param [String] namespace the xml prefix
+    # @param [String] ns url for the xml namespace
+    #
+    def register_namespace(namespace, ns)
+      @registered_namespaces.merge!({namespace => ns})
+    end
+    
+    #
+    # An element defined in the XML that is parsed.
+    # 
+    # @example
+    # 
+    #     "<address location='home'>
+    #        <city>Oldenburg</city>
+    #      </address>"
+    #
+    #     # definition of the 'city' element within the class
+    # 
+    #     element :city, String
+    # 
+    # @param [Symbol] name the name of the accessor that is created
+    # @param [String,Class] type the class name of the name of the class whcih
+    #     the object will be converted upon parsing
+    # @param [Hash] options additional parameters to send to the relationship
+    #
+    def element(name, type, options={})
+      element = Element.new(name, type, options)
+      @elements[to_s] ||= []
+      @elements[to_s] << element
+      attr_accessor element.method_name.intern
+    end
+
+    #
+    # The elements defined through {#element}, {#has_one}, and {#has_many}.
+    # 
+    # @return [Array<Element>] a list of the elements contained defined for this
+    #     class; an empty array is returned when there have been no elements
+    #     defined.
+    #
+    def elements
+      @elements[to_s] || []
+    end
+
+    #
+    # The value stored in the text node of the current element.
+    #
+    # @example
+    # 
+    #     "<firstName>Michael Jackson</firstName>"
+    #
+    #     # definition of the 'firstName' text node within the class
+    # 
+    #     text_node :first_name, String
+    # 
+    # @param [Symbol] name the name of the accessor that is created
+    # @param [String,Class] type the class name of the name of the class whcih
+    #     the object will be converted upon parsing
+    # @param [Hash] options additional parameters to send to the relationship
+    #
+    def text_node(name, type, options={})
+      @text_node = TextNode.new(name, type, options)
+      attr_accessor @text_node.method_name.intern
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Sets the object to have xml content, this will assign the XML contents
+    # that are parsed to the attribute accessor xml_content. The object will
+    # respond to the method #xml_content and will return the XML data that
+    # it has parsed.
+    #
+    def has_xml_content
+      attr_accessor :xml_content
+    end
+
+    #
+    # The object has one of these elements in the XML. If there are multiple,
+    # the last one will be set to this value.
+    # 
+    # @param [Symbol] name the name of the accessor that is created
+    # @param [String,Class] type the class name of the name of the class whcih
+    #     the object will be converted upon parsing
+    # @param [Hash] options additional parameters to send to the relationship
+    #
+    # @see #element
+    # 
+    def has_one(name, type, options={})
+      element name, type, {:single => true}.merge(options)
+    end
+    
+    #
+    # The object has many of these elements in the XML.
+    # 
+    # @param [Symbol] name the name of accessor that is created
+    # @param [String,Class] type the class name or the name of the class which
+    #     the object will be converted upon parsing.
+    # @param [Hash] options additional parameters to send to the relationship
+    #
+    # @see #element
+    #
+    def has_many(name, type, options={})
+      element name, type, {:single => false}.merge(options)
+    end
+    
+    #
+    # Specify a namespace if a node and all its children are all namespaced
+    # elements. This is simpler than passing the :namespace option to each
+    # defined element.
+    #
+    # @param [String] namespace the namespace to set as default for the class
+    #     element.
+    #
+    def namespace(namespace = nil)
+      @namespace = namespace if namespace
+      @namespace
+    end
+
+    #
+    # @param [String] new_tag_name the name for the tag
+    #
+    def tag(new_tag_name)
+      @tag_name = new_tag_name.to_s unless new_tag_name.nil? || new_tag_name.to_s.empty?
+    end
+
+    #
+    # The name of the tag
+    # 
+    # @return [String] the name of the tag as a string, downcased
+    #
+    def tag_name
+      @tag_name ||= to_s.split('::')[-1].downcase
+    end
+
+    #
+    # @param [Nokogiri::XML::Node,Nokogiri:XML::Document,String] xml the XML 
+    #     contents to convert into Object.
+    # @param [Hash] options additional information for parsing. :single => true
+    #     if requesting a single object, otherwise it defaults to retuning an 
+    #     array of multiple items. :xpath information where to start the parsing
+    #     :namespace is the namespace to use for additional information.
+    #
+    def parse(xml, options = {})
+      
+      # create a local copy of the objects namespace value for this parse execution
+      namespace = @namespace
+      
+      # If the XML specified is an Node then we have what we need.
+      if xml.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Node)
+        node = xml
+      else
+        
+        # If xml is an XML document select the root node of the document
+        if xml.is_a?(Nokogiri::XML::Document)
+          node = xml.root
+        else
+          
+          # Attempt to parse the xml value with Nokogiri XML as a document
+          # and select the root element
+          
+          xml = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
+          node = xml.root
+        end
+
+        # if the node name is equal to the tag name then the we are parsing the
+        # root element and that is important to record so that we can apply
+        # the correct xpath on the elements of this document.
+
+        root = node.name == tag_name
+      end
+
+      # if any namespaces have been provied then we should capture those and then
+      # merge them with any namespaces found on the xml node and merge all that
+      # with any namespaces that have been registered on the object
+      
+      namespaces = options[:namespaces] || {}
+      namespaces = namespaces.merge(xml.collect_namespaces) if xml.respond_to?(:collect_namespaces)
+      namespaces = namespaces.merge(@registered_namespaces)
+      
+      # if a namespace has been provided then set the current namespace to it
+      # or set the default namespace to the one defined under 'xmlns' 
+      # or set the default namespace to the namespace that matches 'happymapper's
+
+      if options[:namespace]
+        namespace = options[:namespace]
+      elsif namespaces.has_key?("xmlns")
+        namespace ||= DEFAULT_NS
+        namespaces[namespace] = namespaces.delete("xmlns")
+      elsif namespaces.has_key?(DEFAULT_NS)
+        namespace ||= DEFAULT_NS
+      end
+      
+      # from the options grab any nodes present and if none are present then
+      # perform the following to find the nodes for the given class 
+      
+      nodes = options.fetch(:nodes) do
+        
+        # when at the root use the xpath '/' otherwise use a more gready './/'
+        # unless an xpath has been specified, which should overwrite default
+        # and finally attach the current namespace if one has been defined
+        # 
+        
+        xpath  = (root ? '/' : './/')
+        xpath  = options[:xpath].to_s.sub(/([^\/])$/, '\1/') if options[:xpath]
+        xpath += "#{namespace}:" if namespace
+
+        nodes = []
+
+        # when finding nodes, do it in this order:
+        # 1. specified tag
+        # 2. name of element
+        # 3. tag_name (derived from class name by default)
+
+
+        [options[:tag], options[:name], tag_name].compact.each do |xpath_ext|
+          begin
+            nodes = node.xpath(xpath + xpath_ext.to_s, namespaces)
+          rescue
+            break
+          end
+          break if nodes && !nodes.empty?
+        end
+
+        nodes
+      end
+
+      # If the :limit option has been specified then we are going to slice
+      # our node results by that amount to allow us the ability to deal with
+      # a large result set of data.
+
+      limit = options[:in_groups_of] || nodes.size
+      
+      # If the limit of 0 has been specified then the user obviously wants
+      # none of the nodes that we are serving within this batch of nodes.
+      
+      return [] if limit == 0
+
+      collection = []
+      
+      nodes.each_slice(limit) do |slice|
+        
+        part = slice.map do |n|
+          obj = new
+
+          attributes.each do |attr|
+            obj.send("#{attr.method_name}=",attr.from_xml_node(n, namespace, namespaces))
+          end
+
+          elements.each do |elem|
+            obj.send("#{elem.method_name}=",elem.from_xml_node(n, namespace, namespaces))
+          end
+
+          if @text_node
+            obj.send("#{@text_node.method_name}=",@text_node.from_xml_node(n, namespace, namespaces))
+          end
+          
+          # If the HappyMapper class has the method #xml_value=, 
+          # attr_writer :xml_value, or attr_accessor :xml_value then we want to
+          # assign the current xml that we just parsed to the xml_value
+        
+          if obj.respond_to?('xml_value=')
+            n.namespaces.each {|name,path| n[name] = path }
+            obj.xml_value = n.to_xml
+          end
+          
+          # If the HappyMapper class has the method #xml_content=,
+          # attr_write :xml_content, or attr_accessor :xml_content then we want to
+          # assign the child xml that we just parsed to the xml_content
+
+          if obj.respond_to?('xml_content=')
+            n = n.children if n.respond_to?(:children)
+            obj.xml_content = n.to_xml
+          end
+        
+          # collect the object that we have created
+          
+          obj
+        end
+        
+        # If a block has been provided and the user has requested that the objects
+        # be handled in groups then we should yield the slice of the objects to them
+        # otherwise continue to lump them together
+
+        if block_given? and options[:in_groups_of]
+          yield part
+        else
+          collection += part
+        end
+        
+      end
+
+      # per http://libxml.rubyforge.org/rdoc/classes/LibXML/XML/Document.html#M000354
+      nodes = nil
+
+      # If the :single option has been specified or we are at the root element
+      # then we are going to return the first item in the collection. Otherwise
+      # the return response is going to be an entire array of items.
+
+      if options[:single] or root
+        collection.first
+      else
+        collection
+      end
+    end
+  
+  end
+  
+  #
+  # Create an xml representation of the specified class based on defined
+  # HappyMapper elements and attributes. The method is defined in a way
+  # that it can be called recursively by classes that are also HappyMapper
+  # classes, allowg for the composition of classes.
+  #
+  # @param [Nokogiri::XML::Builder] builder an instance of the XML builder which
+  #     is being used when called recursively.
+  # @param [String] default_namespace the name of the namespace which is the
+  #     default for the xml being produced; this is specified by the element
+  #     declaration when calling #to_xml recursively.
+  #
+  # @return [String,Nokogiri::XML::Builder] return XML representation of the
+  #      HappyMapper object; when called recursively this is going to return
+  #      and Nokogiri::XML::Builder object.
+  #
+  def to_xml(builder = nil,default_namespace = nil)
+    
+    #
+    # If to_xml has been called without a passed in builder instance that
+    # means we are going to return xml output. When it has been called with
+    # a builder instance that means we most likely being called recursively
+    # and will return the end product as a builder instance. 
+    #
+    unless builder
+      write_out_to_xml = true
+      builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new
+    end
+    
+    #
+    # Find the attributes for the class and collect them into an array
+    # that will be placed into a Hash structure
+    #
+    attributes = self.class.attributes.collect do |attribute|
+      
+      #
+      # If an attribute is marked as read_only then we want to ignore the attribute
+      # when it comes to saving the xml document; so we wiill not go into any of
+      # the below process
+      # 
+      unless attribute.options[:read_only]
+      
+        value = send(attribute.method_name)
+      
+        #
+        # If the attribute defines an on_save lambda/proc or value that maps to 
+        # a method that the class has defined, then call it with the value as a
+        # parameter.
+        #
+        if on_save_action = attribute.options[:on_save]
+          if on_save_action.is_a?(Proc)
+            value = on_save_action.call(value)
+          elsif respond_to?(on_save_action)
+            value = send(on_save_action,value)
+          end
+        end
+      
+        #
+        # Attributes that have a nil value should be ignored unless they explicitly
+        # state that they should be expressed in the output.
+        #
+        if value || attribute.options[:state_when_nil]
+          attribute_namespace = attribute.options[:namespace] || default_namespace
+          [ "#{attribute_namespace ? "#{attribute_namespace}:" : ""}#{attribute.tag}", value ]
+        else
+          []
+        end
+        
+      else
+        []
+      end
+      
+    end.flatten
+    
+    attributes = Hash[ *attributes ]
+
+    #
+    # Create a tag in the builder that matches the class's tag name and append
+    # any attributes to the element that were defined above.
+    #
+    builder.send(self.class.tag_name,attributes) do |xml|
+      
+      #
+      # Add all the registered namespaces to the root element.
+      # When this is called recurisvely by composed classes the namespaces
+      # are still added to the root element
+      # 
+      # However, we do not want to add the namespace if the namespace is 'xmlns'
+      # which means that it is the default namesapce of the code.
+      #
+      if self.class.instance_variable_get('@registered_namespaces') && builder.doc.root
+        self.class.instance_variable_get('@registered_namespaces').each_pair do |name,href|
+          name = nil if name == "xmlns"
+          builder.doc.root.add_namespace(name,href)
+        end
+      end
+      
+      #
+      # If the object we are persisting has a namespace declaration we will want
+      # to use that namespace or we will use the default namespace.
+      # When neither are specifed we are simply using whatever is default to the
+      # builder
+      #
+      if self.class.respond_to?(:namespace) && self.class.namespace
+        xml.parent.namespace = builder.doc.root.namespace_definitions.find { |x| x.prefix == self.class.namespace }
+      elsif default_namespace
+        xml.parent.namespace = builder.doc.root.namespace_definitions.find { |x| x.prefix == default_namespace }
+      end
+
+      
+      #
+      # When a text_node has been defined we add the resulting value
+      # the output xml
+      #
+      if text_node = self.class.instance_variable_get('@text_node')
+        
+        unless text_node.options[:read_only]
+          text_accessor = text_node.tag || text_node.name
+          value = send(text_accessor)
+        
+          if on_save_action = text_node.options[:on_save]
+            if on_save_action.is_a?(Proc)
+              value = on_save_action.call(value)
+            elsif respond_to?(on_save_action)
+              value = send(on_save_action,value)
+            end
+          end
+        
+          builder.text(value)
+        end
+        
+      end
+
+      #
+      # for every define element (i.e. has_one, has_many, element) we are
+      # going to persist each one
+      #
+      self.class.elements.each do |element|
+        
+        #
+        # If an element is marked as read only do not consider at all when 
+        # saving to XML.
+        # 
+        unless element.options[:read_only]
+          
+          tag = element.tag || element.name
+          
+          #
+          # The value to store is the result of the method call to the element,
+          # by default this is simply utilizing the attr_accessor defined. However,
+          # this allows for this method to be overridden
+          #
+          value = send(element.name)
+
+          #
+          # If the element defines an on_save lambda/proc then we will call that
+          # operation on the specified value. This allows for operations to be 
+          # performed to convert the value to a specific value to be saved to the xml.
+          #
+          if on_save_action = element.options[:on_save]
+            if on_save_action.is_a?(Proc)
+              value = on_save_action.call(value)
+            elsif respond_to?(on_save_action)
+              value = send(on_save_action,value)
+            end 
+          end
+
+          #
+          # Normally a nil value would be ignored, however if specified then
+          # an empty element will be written to the xml
+          #
+          if value.nil? && element.options[:single] && element.options[:state_when_nil]
+            xml.send(tag,"")
+          end
+        
+          #
+          # To allow for us to treat both groups of items and singular items
+          # equally we wrap the value and treat it as an array.
+          #
+          if value.nil?
+            values = []
+          elsif value.respond_to?(:to_ary) && !element.options[:single]
+            values = value.to_ary
+          else
+            values = [value]
+          end
+        
+          values.each do |item|
+
+            if item.is_a?(HappyMapper)
+
+              #
+              # Other items are convertable to xml through the xml builder
+              # process should have their contents retrieved and attached
+              # to the builder structure
+              #
+              item.to_xml(xml,element.options[:namespace])
+
+            elsif item
+            
+              item_namespace = element.options[:namespace] || default_namespace
+            
+              #
+              # When a value exists we should append the value for the tag
+              #
+              if item_namespace
+                xml[item_namespace].send(tag,item.to_s)
+              else
+                xml.send(tag,item.to_s)
+              end
+
+            else
+
+              #
+              # Normally a nil value would be ignored, however if specified then
+              # an empty element will be written to the xml
+              #
+              xml.send(tag,"") if element.options[:state_when_nil]
+
+            end
+
+          end
+          
+        end
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    # Write out to XML, this value was set above, based on whether or not an XML
+    # builder object was passed to it as a parameter. When there was no parameter
+    # we assume we are at the root level of the #to_xml call and want the actual
+    # xml generated from the object. If an XML builder instance was specified 
+    # then we assume that has been called recursively to generate a larger 
+    # XML document.
+    write_out_to_xml ? builder.to_xml : builder
+    
+  end
+  
+  
+end
+
+require 'happymapper/item'
+require 'happymapper/attribute'
+require 'happymapper/element'
+require 'happymapper/text_node'