url_escape 2009.06.24-java

data/AUTHORS

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Following persons have contributed to url_escape.
+(Sorted by number of submitted patches, then alphabetically)
+
+    32 TJ Vanderpoel <tj@rubyists.com>
+    12 Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+     5 Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+     5 Michael Fellinger <mf@rubyists.com>
+     2 Evan Phoenix <ephoenix@engineyard.com>
+     1 Kevin Berry <kb@rubyists.com>

data/CHANGELOG

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+[0611913 | Wed Jun 24 19:37:33 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * updated changelog/authors for release
+
+[41e2892 | Wed Jun 24 18:16:44 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added more RELEASE doc info
+
+[8107148 | Wed Jun 24 18:09:12 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * Version 2009.06.24 - Initial Public Release
+
+[471517d | Wed Jun 24 18:07:53 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added copyright to the .rb files, and a LICENSE
+
+[fcfd320 | Wed Jun 24 18:03:07 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * fixed copyright task
+
+[cdd6fa3 | Wed Jun 24 18:02:04 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added new copyright
+
+[e2906c0 | Wed Jun 24 17:36:10 UTC 2009] Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+
+  * Added myself as an author.  kinda an ego commit
+
+[2c45d0a | Wed Jun 24 17:31:28 UTC 2009] Kevin Berry <KevinBerry@nrs.us>
+
+  * modified the RBConfig search to take into account suffixed ruby binaries
+
+[411df7a | Wed Jun 24 17:13:50 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * removed gemspec from git, added partial release file
+
+[977c411 | Wed Jun 24 17:01:20 UTC 2009] Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+
+  * Corrected typo to set GEMSPEC.version properly
+
+[4f5fff3 | Wed Jun 24 16:56:58 UTC 2009] Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+
+  * Updated Rakefile to use the jruby URLEscape library if using jruby
+
+[4b294eb | Wed Jun 24 16:02:28 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * removed strings which throw errors on 1.9
+
+[b238261 | Wed Jun 24 15:53:22 UTC 2009] Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+
+  * changed hex_table to be upper case, changed specs to test against hex represented with upper case chars
+
+[3fe98dd | Wed Jun 24 15:43:05 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * um, rack does not work as expected, added tests to check rack::utils against our strings, unexpected behavior in 1.9.1
+
+[994c06a | Wed Jun 24 15:35:29 UTC 2009] Jayson Vaughn <jayson@onedrop.(none)>
+
+  * added java version and spec changes to support it
+
+[0a51701 | Wed Jun 24 02:05:48 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * fixed big_bench
+
+[39d6b2c | Tue Jun 23 23:24:32 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added big_bench.rb for a real-life test of the condition.  on 1.9 (linux X86) the C does not make as much a difference. TODO: test on other platforms
+
+[97949bb | Tue Jun 23 22:54:41 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Updated build task for ruby 1.9.1 on windows
+
+[19ea12f | Tue Jun 23 20:10:47 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * fixed assertions on benchmarks
+
+[b08d38f | Tue Jun 23 19:58:26 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Updated build task to check for common issues when building on windows
+
+[9e594c4 | Tue Jun 23 19:04:51 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Fixed the bacon.rake job so it works correctly in unix.
+
+[3899455 | Tue Jun 23 18:50:02 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * * Modified build task to allow for windows
+
+    * Modified bacon to allow for windows
+
+[fc5a533 | Wed Jun 24 06:56:46 UTC 2009] Michael Fellinger <m.fellinger@gmail.com>
+
+  * Remove some debugging output
+
+[43332a6 | Wed Jun 24 06:53:44 UTC 2009] Michael Fellinger <m.fellinger@gmail.com>
+
+  * Make rake build
+
+[37c8c6c | Tue Jun 23 16:42:00 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Added plus and space to be static as well.
+
+[06481df | Tue Jun 23 16:40:10 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Fixed issue with rubygems stepping on the extension in ruby >= 1.8.7
+
+[169462c | Tue Jun 23 16:24:11 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <bougy.man@gmail.com>
+
+  * changed load order to fix weirdness in 1.8.7
+
+[472af85 | Wed Jun 24 06:18:18 UTC 2009] Michael Fellinger <m.fellinger@gmail.com>
+
+  * Use block chdir
+
+[7acd33d | Tue Jun 23 16:12:45 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <bougy.man@gmail.com>
+
+  * changed require for weird breakage on 1.8.7
+
+[cbb73f7 | Tue Jun 23 14:03:46 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <TJ Vanderpoel tj@rubyists.com>
+
+  * cleaned up bench spec
+
+[a2db063 | Tue Jun 23 00:53:22 UTC 2009] bougyman <bougyman@gotdebt.nationwide-recovery.com>
+
+  * added rack dependency
+
+[ca11d2b | Mon Jun 22 22:55:27 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Started on Rakefile support for Windows
+
+[c8dc880 | Mon Jun 22 21:44:05 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Reordered variable declaration so that MSVC will compile the code
+
+[0e712a1 | Mon Jun 22 18:38:45 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added authors, cleaned up list for TD
+
+[1dc7ca8 | Mon Jun 22 18:36:47 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added bench.rb to spec files
+
+[b0b4c74 | Mon Jun 22 18:35:26 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added benchmark spec to make sure the speed increase is realized, and a clean rake task
+
+[675acda | Mon Jun 22 18:21:36 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * Cleaned up variable names
+
+
+
+[fa88077 | Mon Jun 22 15:48:14 UTC 2009] Evan Phoenix <ephoenix@engineyard.com>
+
+  * Clean up new escape code
+
+[a0509c6 | Mon Jun 22 17:08:32 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added conditional for :force_encoding (for 1.8.6) in spec
+
+[11dda51 | Mon Jun 22 16:58:35 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Fixed specs to work with ruby 1.8
+
+[cc043f9 | Mon Jun 22 16:46:50 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * allocate 3 bytes earlier for speed increase
+
+[fbdde47 | Mon Jun 22 16:38:36 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * removed gemspec from MANIFEST
+
+[0a4b914 | Mon Jun 22 16:37:14 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * removed gemspec from manifest
+
+[8051954 | Mon Jun 22 16:26:26 UTC 2009] Trey Dempsey <trey.dempsey@gmail.com>
+
+  * Completed handling of high-bit ascii and unicode
+
+    * Added case of three byte characters
+
+[15f2a7e | Mon Jun 22 14:10:10 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * Ignore dotfiles in git
+
+[cfa1884 | Mon Jun 22 14:08:30 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added plus-escaping, setup task for bacon
+
+[858ee57 | Mon Jun 22 13:34:30 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * added basic functionality specs
+
+[5151cbe | Mon Jun 22 12:37:32 UTC 2009] TJ Vanderpoel <Jayson Vaughn jv@rubyists.com>
+
+  * beginning specs
+
+[cf8cba7 | Mon Jun 22 07:07:48 UTC 2009] Admin <admin@Treys-Mac.home>
+
+  * rewrote escape() to support utf-8 sequences
+
+[f93f211 | Mon Jun 22 02:50:48 UTC 2009] bougyman <bougyman@gotdebt.nationwide-recovery.com>
+
+  * added description
+
+[7d52898 | Mon Jun 22 02:50:19 UTC 2009] bougyman <bougyman@gotdebt.nationwide-recovery.com>
+
+  * added description
+
+[29fa399 | Mon Jun 22 04:22:42 UTC 2009] Michael Fellinger <m.fellinger@gmail.com>
+
+  * Fix gemspec
+
+[e767029 | Mon Jun 22 03:03:50 UTC 2009] Michael Fellinger <m.fellinger@gmail.com>
+
+  * Make url_escape ready for release
+
+[1657c23 | Sat Jun 20 18:28:50 UTC 2009] Evan Phoenix <ephoenix@engineyard.com>
+
+  * Pushing version 2 of (un)escaper
+
+[d11fd8f | Sat Jun 20 20:24:25 UTC 2009] bougyman <bougyman@gotdebt.nationwide-recovery.com>
+
+  * first commit
+

data/MANIFEST

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+RELEASE
+AUTHORS
+CHANGELOG
+MANIFEST
+README
+Rakefile
+ext/escape.c
+ext/extconf.rb
+spec/big_bench.rb
+spec/helper.rb
+spec/bench.rb
+spec/url_escape.rb
+tasks/authors.rake
+tasks/gem.rake
+tasks/gem_installer.rake
+tasks/ride.rake
+tasks/manifest.rake
+tasks/rspec.rake
+tasks/setup.rake
+tasks/bacon.rake
+tasks/build.rake
+tasks/copyright.rake
+tasks/changelog.rake
+tasks/release.rake
+tasks/reversion.rake
+tasks/clean.rake
+lib/url_escape.rb

data/README

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+== Synopsis
+A C extension to ruby enabling fast escape/unescape of
+URL Encoded Strings
+
+== Usage
+
+ URLEscape.unescape("a%20string")
+ URLEscape.escape("a string")

data/RELEASE

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+Rack::Utils and CGI escape and unescape performance boost
+=========================================================
+
+As performance boosts are about speed, we'll start with the
+benchmarks.  Here is a run of spec/bench.rb, from the url_escape
+source tree.
+
+Escape
+------
+                      user       system     total       real
+URLEscape::unescape   0.090000   0.000000   0.090000 (  0.089190)
+CGI::unescape         2.820000   0.000000   2.820000 (  2.816234)
+Rack::Utils::unescape 3.140000   0.000000   3.140000 (  3.137291)
+
+Unescape
+--------
+                    user       system     total       real
+URLEscape::escape   0.200000   0.000000   0.200000 (  0.196100)
+CGI::escape         3.830000   0.010000   3.840000 (  3.828438)
+Rack::Utils::escape 3.880000   0.010000   3.890000 (  3.880745)
+
+
+URLEscape provides these two methods as a C extension, suitable for
+use on ruby 1.8.6-8 and 1.9.1+; tested on linux, XP, and Vista.  
+
+The jruby version uses the java stdlib's java.net.URLEncoder and 
+URLDecoder.
+
+### Why?
+
+We came across a bottleneck when regression testing FXC (a web app
+which serves configuration information to the FreeSWITCH softswitch)
+where requests were being delayed in our rack middleware, which parses
+the POST data sent by FreeSWITCH and routes requests to the ramaze
+application for processing.  The delay was noticable under loads of
+only 50 req/second, there rack became the bottleneck, not ramaze, the
+db, or any other factor.  Adding the above library (on linux, with
+ruby 1.9.1) removed the delay in rack, pushing the work back to
+to the web app where it's free to be as slow as it must.  
+
+### What else?
+
+The ability of large posts to slow down a web application cannot be
+removed by just speeding up the POST parser.  In order to alleviate the
+risk of such large POSTs being used to deny a service, firewall or
+web server throttling or limiting is a more reliable protection to
+enable.  Here are a few examples:
+
+ * Lighttpd: http://lighttpd.net 
+   * Offers mod_evasive which limits connections per ip, as well as
+     the ability to limit the data rate per connection.
+
+ * Nginx: http://nginx.org
+   * Flexible limiting system, per vhost, per user, per connection.
+
+ * Netfilter/QoS (linux): http://l7-filter.sourceforge.net/
+   * Allow classifiation of HTTP packets so iptables/tc or whatever
+     utility you'd like can have the info it needs about the HTTP 
+     protocol to make limiting/dropping/queueing decisions
+
+ * Others: Apache, Squid, Litespeed, many others will have various methods
+   of limiting size and frequency of requests.

data/Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# * Encoding: UTF-8
+# Copyright © 2009 Evan Phoenix and The Rubyists, LLC
+# Distributed under the terms of the MIT license.
+# See the LICENSE file which accompanies this software for the full text
+begin; require 'rubygems'; rescue LoadError; end
+
+require 'rake'
+require 'rake/clean'
+require 'rake/gempackagetask'
+require 'time'
+require 'date'
+
+PROJECT_SPECS = FileList[
+  'spec/url_escape.rb',
+  'spec/bench.rb'
+]
+
+PROJECT_MODULE = 'URLEscape'
+PROJECT_README = 'README'
+
+PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_SUMMARY = [
+ "# Copyright © 2009 Evan Phoenix and The Rubyists, LLC",
+ "# Distributed under the terms of the MIT license.",
+ "# See the LICENSE file which accompanies this software for the full text",
+]
+PROJECT_COPYRIGHT = PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_SUMMARY + [
+ "#",
+ "# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy",
+ '# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal',
+ "# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights",
+ "# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell",
+ "# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is",
+ "# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:",
+ "#",
+ "# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in",
+ "# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.",
+ "#",
+ '# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR',
+ "# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,",
+ "# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE",
+ "# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER",
+ "# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,",
+ "# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN",
+ "# THE SOFTWARE."
+]
+
+PROJECT_VERSION =
+  if version = ENV['PROJECT_VERSION'] || ENV['VERSION']
+    version
+  else
+    URLEscape::VERSION rescue Date.today.strftime("%Y.%m.%d")
+  end
+
+# To release the monthly version do:
+# $ PROJECT_VERSION=2009.03 rake release
+
+GEMSPEC = Gem::Specification.new{|s|
+  s.name         = "url_escape"
+  s.description  = "Fast replacement for CGI.escape and Rack::Utils.escape"
+  s.authors      = ["Evan Phoenix", "TJ Vanderpoel", "Michael Fellinger", "Trey Dempsey", "Jayson Vaughn"]
+  s.summary      = "Fast url_escape library written in C"
+  s.email        = "manveru@rubyists.com"
+  s.homepage     = "http://github.com/bougyman/seedling"
+  s.rubyforge_project = "url-escape"
+  s.platform     = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+  s.version      = PROJECT_VERSION
+  s.files        = %w(RELEASE AUTHORS CHANGELOG MANIFEST README Rakefile) +
+                   Dir['ext/*.{c,h,rb}'] +
+                   Dir['spec/*.rb'] +
+                   Dir['tasks/*.rake']
+  s.has_rdoc     = false
+  s.extensions   = ['ext/extconf.rb']
+  s.require_path = "ext"
+}
+
+if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mswin/
+  # Win specific stuff
+elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
+  GEMSPEC.platform = 'java'
+  GEMSPEC.files += %w[ lib/url_escape.rb ]
+  GEMSPEC.require_path = "lib"
+  GEMSPEC.extensions = nil
+end
+
+Dir.glob('tasks/*.rake'){|f| import(f) }
+
+task :default => [:bacon]
+
+CLEAN.include %w[
+  **/.*.sw?
+  *.gem
+  .config
+  **/*~
+  **/{data.db,cache.yaml}
+  *.yaml
+  pkg
+  rdoc
+  ydoc
+  *coverage*
+]

data/ext/escape.c

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/**
+Copyright © 2009 Evan Phoenix and The Rubyists, LLC
+Distributed under the terms of the MIT license.
+See the LICENSE file which accompanies this software for the full text
+*/
+
+#include "ruby.h"
+
+#ifndef RSTRING_PTR
+#define RSTRING_PTR(obj) RSTRING(obj)->ptr
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RSTRING_LEN
+#define RSTRING_LEN(obj) RSTRING(obj)->len
+#endif
+
+static const char space[] = { ' ' };
+static const char plus[] =  { '+' };
+static const char hex_table[][4] = {
+  "%00", "%01", "%02", "%03", "%04", "%05", "%06", "%07",
+  "%08", "%09", "%0A", "%0B", "%0C", "%0D", "%0E", "%0F",
+  "%10", "%11", "%12", "%13", "%14", "%15", "%16", "%17",
+  "%18", "%19", "%1A", "%1B", "%1C", "%1D", "%1E", "%1F",
+  "%20", "%21", "%22", "%23", "%24", "%25", "%26", "%27",
+  "%28", "%29", "%2A", "%2B", "%2C", "%2D", "%2E", "%2F",
+  "%30", "%31", "%32", "%33", "%34", "%35", "%36", "%37",
+  "%38", "%39", "%3A", "%3B", "%3C", "%3D", "%3E", "%3F",
+  "%40", "%41", "%42", "%43", "%44", "%45", "%46", "%47",
+  "%48", "%49", "%4A", "%4B", "%4C", "%4D", "%4E", "%4F",
+  "%50", "%51", "%52", "%53", "%54", "%55", "%56", "%57",
+  "%58", "%59", "%5A", "%5B", "%5C", "%5D", "%5E", "%5F",
+  "%60", "%61", "%62", "%63", "%64", "%65", "%66", "%67",
+  "%68", "%69", "%6A", "%6B", "%6C", "%6D", "%6E", "%6F",
+  "%70", "%71", "%72", "%73", "%74", "%75", "%76", "%77",
+  "%78", "%79", "%7A", "%7B", "%7C", "%7D", "%7E", "%7F",
+  "%80", "%81", "%82", "%83", "%84", "%85", "%86", "%87",
+  "%88", "%89", "%8A", "%8B", "%8C", "%8D", "%8E", "%8F",
+  "%90", "%91", "%92", "%93", "%94", "%95", "%96", "%97",
+  "%98", "%99", "%9A", "%9B", "%9C", "%9D", "%9E", "%9F",
+  "%A0", "%A1", "%A2", "%A3", "%A4", "%A5", "%A6", "%A7",
+  "%A8", "%A9", "%AA", "%AB", "%AC", "%AD", "%AE", "%AF",
+  "%B0", "%B1", "%B2", "%B3", "%B4", "%B5", "%B6", "%B7",
+  "%B8", "%B9", "%BA", "%BB", "%BC", "%BD", "%BE", "%BF",
+  "%C0", "%C1", "%C2", "%C3", "%C4", "%C5", "%C6", "%C7",
+  "%C8", "%C9", "%CA", "%CB", "%CC", "%CD", "%CE", "%CF",
+  "%D0", "%D1", "%D2", "%D3", "%D4", "%D5", "%D6", "%D7",
+  "%D8", "%D9", "%DA", "%DB", "%DC", "%DD", "%DE", "%DF",
+  "%E0", "%E1", "%E2", "%E3", "%E4", "%E5", "%E6", "%E7",
+  "%E8", "%E9", "%EA", "%EB", "%EC", "%ED", "%EE", "%EF",
+  "%F0", "%F1", "%F2", "%F3", "%F4", "%F5", "%F6", "%F7",
+  "%F8", "%F9", "%FA", "%FB", "%FC", "%FD", "%FE", "%FF"
+};
+
+static inline char hex(char digit) {
+  if(digit >= '0' && digit <= '9') {
+    return digit - '0';
+  } else if(digit >= 'a' && digit <= 'f') {
+    return 10 + digit - 'a';
+  } else if(digit >= 'A' && digit <= 'F') {
+    return 10 + digit - 'A';
+  }
+
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static VALUE unescape(VALUE self, VALUE str) {
+  const char* buf;
+  const char* bufend;
+  VALUE outstr;
+
+  StringValue(str);
+  buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
+  bufend = buf + RSTRING_LEN(str);
+  outstr = rb_str_buf_new(RSTRING_LEN(str));
+
+  while(buf < bufend) {
+    if(buf[0] == '%' && buf + 2 <= bufend) {
+      char high = hex(buf[1]);
+      char low =  hex(buf[2]);
+
+      if(high >= 0 && low >= 0) {
+        const char byte = low + (high << 4);
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, &byte, 1);
+        buf += 3;
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if(buf[0] == '+') {
+      rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, space, 1);
+    } else {
+      rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, buf, 1);
+    }
+    buf++;
+  }
+
+  return outstr;
+}
+
+
+static inline int valid_literal(const char byte) {
+  return ('A' <= byte && byte <= 'Z') ||
+         ('a' <= byte && byte <= 'z') ||
+         ('0' <= byte && byte <= '9') ||
+         byte == '-' ||
+         byte == '_' ||
+         byte == '.';
+
+}
+
+static VALUE escape(VALUE self, VALUE str)
+{
+  char* buf;
+  int len;
+  VALUE outstr;
+  int i;
+  unsigned char byte_two, byte_three;
+
+  StringValue(str);
+  buf = RSTRING_PTR(str);
+  len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
+  outstr = rb_str_buf_new(len);
+
+  for(i = 0; i < len;) {
+    const unsigned char byte_one = buf[i];
+
+    /* (UTF-8 escape, 0x0000-0x007F) */
+    if(byte_one < 0x80) {
+      if(valid_literal(byte_one)) {
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, buf+i, 1);
+      } else if(byte_one == ' ') {
+        // a + or %20 replacement (depending on const plus assignment)
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, plus, 1);
+      } else { // It's ascii but needs encoding
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_one], 3);
+      }
+      i++;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // Ok, there are UTF-8 prefix bytes, so we need to interpret
+    // them.
+    //
+    // If we have at least one extra byte to consume
+    if(i + 1 < len) {
+      byte_two = buf[i + 1];
+
+      /* (UTF-8 escape, 0x0080-0x07FF) */
+      if(0xc0 <= byte_one && byte_one <= 0xdf && 0x80 <= byte_two && byte_two <= 0xbf) {
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_one], 3);
+        rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_two], 3);
+        i += 2;
+        continue;
+
+        // If we have at least two extra bytes to consume
+      } else if(i + 2 < len) {
+        byte_three = buf[i + 2];
+
+        /* (UTF-8 escape, 0x0800-0xFFFF) */
+        if(0xe0 == byte_one && 0x80 <= byte_two && byte_two <= 0xbf) {
+          rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_one], 3);
+          rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_two], 3);
+          rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_three], 3);
+          i += 3;
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* (ISO Latin-1/2/? escape, 0x0080 - x00FF) */
+    if(0x80 <= byte_one) {
+      rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_one], 3);
+    } else {
+      // Well crap. Just throw it in I guess...
+      rb_str_buf_cat(outstr, hex_table[byte_one], 3);
+    }
+    i++;
+  }
+
+  return outstr;
+}
+
+void Init_url_escape() {
+  VALUE mod = rb_define_module("URLEscape");
+  rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "unescape", unescape, 1);
+  rb_define_singleton_method(mod, "escape",   escape,   1);
+}