unicorn 5.5.1 → 5.7.0

data/test/unit/test_http_parser_ng.rb

@@ -11,6 +11,20 @@ class HttpParserNgTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     @parser = HttpParser.new
   end
 
+  # RFC 7230 allows gzip/deflate/compress Transfer-Encoding,
+  # but "chunked" must be last if used
+  def test_is_chunked
+    [ 'chunked,chunked', 'chunked,gzip', 'chunked,gzip,chunked' ].each do |x|
+      assert_raise(HttpParserError) { HttpParser.is_chunked?(x) }
+    end
+    [ 'gzip, chunked', 'gzip,chunked', 'gzip ,chunked' ].each do |x|
+      assert HttpParser.is_chunked?(x)
+    end
+    [ 'gzip', 'xhunked', 'xchunked' ].each do |x|
+      assert !HttpParser.is_chunked?(x)
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_parser_max_len
     assert_raises(RangeError) do
       HttpParser.max_header_len = 0xffffffff + 1
@@ -566,6 +580,73 @@ class HttpParserNgTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  def test_duplicate_content_length
+    str = "PUT / HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Content-Length: 1\r\n" \
+          "Content-Length: 9\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    assert_raises(HttpParserError) { @parser.headers({}, str) }
+  end
+
+  def test_chunked_overrides_content_length
+    order = [ 'Transfer-Encoding: chunked', 'Content-Length: 666' ]
+    %w(a b).each do |x|
+      str = "PUT /#{x} HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+            "#{order.join("\r\n")}" \
+            "\r\n\r\na\r\nhelloworld\r\n0\r\n\r\n"
+      order.reverse!
+      env = @parser.headers({}, str)
+      assert_nil @parser.content_length
+      assert_equal 'chunked', env['HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING']
+      assert_equal '666', env['CONTENT_LENGTH'],
+        'Content-Length logged so the app can log a possible client bug/attack'
+      @parser.filter_body(dst = '', str)
+      assert_equal 'helloworld', dst
+      @parser.parse # handle the non-existent trailer
+      assert @parser.next?
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_chunked_order_good
+    str = "PUT /x HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: gzip\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    env = @parser.headers({}, str)
+    assert_equal 'gzip,chunked', env['HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING']
+    assert_nil @parser.content_length
+
+    @parser.clear
+    str = "PUT /x HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: gzip, chunked\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    env = @parser.headers({}, str)
+    assert_equal 'gzip, chunked', env['HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING']
+    assert_nil @parser.content_length
+  end
+
+  def test_chunked_order_bad
+    str = "PUT /x HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: gzip\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    assert_raise(HttpParserError) { @parser.headers({}, str) }
+  end
+
+  def test_double_chunked
+    str = "PUT /x HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    assert_raise(HttpParserError) { @parser.headers({}, str) }
+
+    @parser.clear
+    str = "PUT /x HTTP/1.1\r\n" \
+          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked,chunked\r\n" \
+          "\r\n"
+    assert_raise(HttpParserError) { @parser.headers({}, str) }
+  end
+
   def test_backtrace_is_empty
     begin
       @parser.headers({}, "AAADFSFDSFD\r\n\r\n")

data/test/unit/test_server.rb

@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ class TestHandler
   end
 end
 
+class TestEarlyHintsHandler
+  def call(env)
+    while env['rack.input'].read(4096)
+    end
+    env['rack.early_hints'].call(
+      "Link" => "</style.css>; rel=preload; as=style\n</script.js>; rel=preload"
+    )
+    [200, { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' }, ['hello!\n']]
+  end
+end
 
 class WebServerTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
 
@@ -84,6 +94,26 @@ class WebServerTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     tmp.close!
   end
 
+  def test_early_hints
+    teardown
+    redirect_test_io do
+      @server = HttpServer.new(TestEarlyHintsHandler.new,
+                               :listeners => [ "127.0.0.1:#@port"],
+                               :early_hints => true)
+      @server.start
+    end
+
+    sock = TCPSocket.new('127.0.0.1', @port)
+    sock.syswrite("GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
+
+    responses = sock.read(4096)
+    assert_match %r{\AHTTP/1.[01] 103\b}, responses
+    assert_match %r{^Link: </style\.css>}, responses
+    assert_match %r{^Link: </script\.js>}, responses
+
+    assert_match %r{^HTTP/1.[01] 200\b}, responses
+  end
+
   def test_broken_app
     teardown
     app = lambda { |env| raise RuntimeError, "hello" }

data/test/unit/test_upload.rb

@@ -236,15 +236,10 @@ class UploadTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     resp = Tempfile.new('resp')
     resp.sync = true
 
-    rd, wr = IO.pipe
-    wr.sync = rd.sync = true
-    pid = fork {
-      STDIN.reopen(rd)
-      rd.close
-      wr.close
-      STDOUT.reopen(resp)
-      exec cmd
-    }
+    rd, wr = IO.pipe.each do |io|
+      io.sync = io.close_on_exec = true
+    end
+    pid = spawn(*cmd, { 0 => rd, 1 => resp })
     rd.close
 
     tmp.rewind

data/test/unit/test_util.rb

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class TestUtil < Test::Unit::TestCase
       f_getpipe_sz = 1032
       IO.pipe do |a, b|
         a_sz = a.fcntl(f_getpipe_sz)
-        b_sz = b.fcntl(f_getpipe_sz)
+        b.fcntl(f_getpipe_sz)
         assert_kind_of Integer, a_sz
         r_sz = r.fcntl(f_getpipe_sz)
         assert_equal Raindrops::PAGE_SIZE, r_sz

data/unicorn.gemspec

@@ -11,24 +11,25 @@ end.compact
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.name = %q{unicorn}
-  s.version = (ENV['VERSION'] || '5.5.0').dup
+  s.version = (ENV['VERSION'] || '5.7.0').dup
   s.authors = ['unicorn hackers']
   s.summary = 'Rack HTTP server for fast clients and Unix'
   s.description = File.read('README').split("\n\n")[1]
-  s.email = %q{unicorn-public@bogomips.org}
+  s.email = %q{unicorn-public@yhbt.net}
   s.executables = %w(unicorn unicorn_rails)
   s.extensions = %w(ext/unicorn_http/extconf.rb)
   s.extra_rdoc_files = IO.readlines('.document').map!(&:chomp!).keep_if do |f|
     File.exist?(f)
   end
   s.files = manifest
-  s.homepage = 'https://bogomips.org/unicorn/'
+  s.homepage = 'https://yhbt.net/unicorn/'
   s.test_files = test_files
 
-  # technically we need ">= 1.9.3", too, but avoid the array here since
-  # old rubygems versions (1.8.23.2 at least) do not support multiple
-  # version requirements here.
-  s.required_ruby_version = '< 3.0'
+  # 1.9.3 is the minumum supported version. We don't specify
+  # a maximum version to make it easier to test pre-releases,
+  # but we do warn users if they install unicorn on an untested
+  # version in extconf.rb
+  s.required_ruby_version = ">= 1.9.3"
 
   # We do not have a hard dependency on rack, it's possible to load
   # things which respond to #call.  HTTP status lines in responses

metadata

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: unicorn
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 5.5.1
+  version: 5.7.0
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - unicorn hackers
 autorequire: 
 bindir: bin
 cert_chain: []
-date: 2019-05-06 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+date: 2020-09-08 00:00:00.000000000 Z
 dependencies:
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: rack
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ description: |-
   advantage of features in Unix/Unix-like kernels.  Slow clients should
   only be served by placing a reverse proxy capable of fully buffering
   both the the request and response in between unicorn and slow clients.
-email: unicorn-public@bogomips.org
+email: unicorn-public@yhbt.net
 executables:
 - unicorn
 - unicorn_rails
@@ -120,9 +120,8 @@ files:
 - COPYING
 - DESIGN
 - Documentation/.gitignore
-- Documentation/GNUmakefile
-- Documentation/unicorn.1.txt
-- Documentation/unicorn_rails.1.txt
+- Documentation/unicorn.1
+- Documentation/unicorn_rails.1
 - FAQ
 - GIT-VERSION-FILE
 - GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -248,7 +247,10 @@ files:
 - test/aggregate.rb
 - test/benchmark/README
 - test/benchmark/dd.ru
+- test/benchmark/ddstream.ru
+- test/benchmark/readinput.ru
 - test/benchmark/stack.ru
+- test/benchmark/uconnect.perl
 - test/exec/README
 - test/exec/test_exec.rb
 - test/test_helper.rb
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ files:
 - unicorn.gemspec
 - unicorn_1
 - unicorn_rails_1
-homepage: https://bogomips.org/unicorn/
+homepage: https://yhbt.net/unicorn/
 licenses:
 - GPL-2.0+
 - Ruby-1.8
@@ -280,9 +282,9 @@ require_paths:
 - lib
 required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
   requirements:
-  - - "<"
+  - - ">="
     - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-      version: '3.0'
+      version: 1.9.3
 required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
   requirements:
   - - ">="
@@ -299,4 +301,5 @@ test_files:
 - test/unit/test_http_parser_ng.rb
 - test/unit/test_request.rb
 - test/unit/test_server.rb
+- test/unit/test_upload.rb
 - test/unit/test_util.rb

data/Documentation/GNUmakefile

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-all::
-
-PANDOC = pandoc
-PANDOC_OPTS = -f markdown --email-obfuscation=none
-pandoc = $(PANDOC) $(PANDOC_OPTS)
-pandoc_html = $(pandoc) --toc -t html --no-wrap
-
-man1 := $(addsuffix .1,unicorn unicorn_rails)
-html1 := $(addsuffix .html,$(man1))
-
-all:: html man
-
-html: $(html1)
-man: $(man1)
-
-install-html: html
-	mkdir -p ../doc/man1
-	install -m 644 $(html1) ../doc/man1
-
-install-man: man
-	mkdir -p ../man/man1
-	install -m 644 $(man1) ../man/man1
-
-%.1: %.1.txt
-	$(pandoc) -s -t man < $< > $@+ && mv $@+ $@
-%.1.html: %.1.txt
-	$(pandoc_html) < $< > $@+ && mv $@+ $@
-
-clean::
-	$(RM) $(man1) $(html1)

data/Documentation/unicorn.1.txt

@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-% UNICORN(1) Unicorn User Manual
-% The Unicorn Community <unicorn-public@bogomips.org>
-% September 15, 2009
-
-# NAME
-
-unicorn - a rackup-like command to launch the Unicorn HTTP server
-
-# SYNOPSIS
-
-unicorn [-c CONFIG_FILE] [-E RACK_ENV] [-D] [RACKUP_FILE]
-
-# DESCRIPTION
-
-A rackup(1)-like command to launch Rack applications using Unicorn.
-It is expected to be started in your application root (APP_ROOT),
-but the "working_directory" directive may be used in the CONFIG_FILE.
-
-While unicorn takes a myriad of command-line options for
-compatibility with ruby(1) and rackup(1), it is recommended to stick
-to the few command-line options specified in the SYNOPSIS and use
-the CONFIG_FILE as much as possible.
-
-# RACKUP FILE
-
-This defaults to \"config.ru\" in APP_ROOT.  It should be the same
-file used by rackup(1) and other Rack launchers, it uses the
-*Rack::Builder* DSL.
-
-Embedded command-line options are mostly parsed for compatibility
-with rackup(1) but strongly discouraged.
-
-# UNICORN OPTIONS
--c, \--config-file CONFIG_FILE
-:   Path to the Unicorn-specific config file.  The config file is
-    implemented as a Ruby DSL, so Ruby code may executed.
-    See the RDoc/ri for the *Unicorn::Configurator* class for the full
-    list of directives available from the DSL.
-    Using an absolute path for for CONFIG_FILE is recommended as it
-    makes multiple instances of Unicorn easily distinguishable when
-    viewing ps(1) output.
-
--D, \--daemonize
-:   Run daemonized in the background.  The process is detached from
-    the controlling terminal and stdin is redirected to "/dev/null".
-    Unlike many common UNIX daemons, we do not chdir to \"/\"
-    upon daemonization to allow more control over the startup/upgrade
-    process.
-    Unless specified in the CONFIG_FILE, stderr and stdout will
-    also be redirected to "/dev/null".
-
--E, \--env RACK_ENV
-:   Run under the given RACK_ENV.  See the RACK ENVIRONMENT section
-    for more details.
-
--l, \--listen ADDRESS
-:   Listens on a given ADDRESS.  ADDRESS may be in the form of
-    HOST:PORT or PATH, HOST:PORT is taken to mean a TCP socket
-    and PATH is meant to be a path to a UNIX domain socket.
-    Defaults to "0.0.0.0:8080" (all addresses on TCP port 8080)
-    For production deployments, specifying the "listen" directive in
-    CONFIG_FILE is recommended as it allows fine-tuning of socket
-    options.
--N, \--no-default-middleware
-:   Disables loading middleware implied by RACK_ENV.  This bypasses the
-    configuration documented in the RACK ENVIRONMENT section, but still
-    allows RACK_ENV to be used for application/framework-specific purposes.
-
-# RACKUP COMPATIBILITY OPTIONS
--o, \--host HOST
-:   Listen on a TCP socket belonging to HOST, default is
-    "0.0.0.0" (all addresses).
-    If specified multiple times on the command-line, only the
-    last-specified value takes effect.
-    This option only exists for compatibility with the rackup(1) command,
-    use of "-l"/"\--listen" switch is recommended instead.
-
--p, \--port PORT
-:   Listen on the specified TCP PORT, default is 8080.
-    If specified multiple times on the command-line, only the last-specified
-    value takes effect.
-    This option only exists for compatibility with the rackup(1) command,
-    use of "-l"/"\--listen" switch is recommended instead.
-
--s, \--server SERVER
-:   No-op, this exists only for compatibility with rackup(1).
-
-# RUBY OPTIONS
--e, \--eval LINE
-:   Evaluate a LINE of Ruby code.  This evaluation happens
-    immediately as the command-line is being parsed.
-
--d, \--debug
-:   Turn on debug mode, the $DEBUG variable is set to true.
-
--w, \--warn
-:   Turn on verbose warnings, the $VERBOSE variable is set to true.
-
--I, \--include PATH
-:   specify $LOAD_PATH.  PATH will be prepended to $LOAD_PATH.
-    The \':\' character may be used to delimit multiple directories.
-    This directive may be used more than once.  Modifications to
-    $LOAD_PATH take place immediately and in the order they were
-    specified on the command-line.
-
--r, \--require LIBRARY
-:   require a specified LIBRARY before executing the application.  The
-    \"require\" statement will be executed immediately and in the order
-    they were specified on the command-line.
-
-# SIGNALS
-
-The following UNIX signals may be sent to the master process:
-
-* HUP - reload config file, app, and gracefully restart all workers
-* INT/TERM - quick shutdown, kills all workers immediately
-* QUIT - graceful shutdown, waits for workers to finish their
-  current request before finishing.
-* USR1 - reopen all logs owned by the master and all workers
-  See Unicorn::Util.reopen_logs for what is considered a log.
-* USR2 - reexecute the running binary.  A separate QUIT
-  should be sent to the original process once the child is verified to
-  be up and running.
-* WINCH - gracefully stops workers but keep the master running.
-  This will only work for daemonized processes.
-* TTIN - increment the number of worker processes by one
-* TTOU - decrement the number of worker processes by one
-
-See the [SIGNALS][4] document for full description of all signals
-used by Unicorn.
-
-#  RACK ENVIRONMENT
-
-Accepted values of RACK_ENV and the middleware they automatically load
-(outside of RACKUP_FILE) are exactly as those in rackup(1):
-
-* development - loads Rack::CommonLogger, Rack::ShowExceptions, and
-                Rack::Lint middleware
-* deployment  - loads Rack::CommonLogger middleware
-* none        - loads no middleware at all, relying
-                entirely on RACKUP_FILE
-
-All unrecognized values for RACK_ENV are assumed to be
-"none".  Production deployments are strongly encouraged to use
-"deployment" or "none" for maximum performance.
-
-As of Unicorn 0.94.0, RACK_ENV is exported as a process-wide environment
-variable as well.  While not current a part of the Rack specification as
-of Rack 1.0.1, this has become a de facto standard in the Rack world.
-
-Note the Rack::ContentLength and Rack::Chunked middlewares are also
-loaded by "deployment" and "development", but no other values of
-RACK_ENV.  If needed, they must be individually specified in the
-RACKUP_FILE, some frameworks do not require them.
-
-# ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
-
-The RACK_ENV variable is set by the aforementioned \-E switch.
-All application or library-specific environment variables (e.g. TMPDIR)
-may always be set in the Unicorn CONFIG_FILE in addition to the spawning
-shell.  When transparently upgrading Unicorn, all environment variables
-set in the old master process are inherited by the new master process.
-Unicorn only uses (and will overwrite) the UNICORN_FD environment
-variable internally when doing transparent upgrades.
-
-UNICORN_FD is a comma-delimited list of one or more file descriptors
-used to implement USR2 upgrades.  Init systems may bind listen sockets
-itself and spawn unicorn with UNICORN_FD set to the file descriptor
-numbers of the listen socket(s).
-
-As of unicorn 5.0, LISTEN_PID and LISTEN_FDS are used for socket
-activation as documented in the sd_listen_fds(3) manpage.  Users
-relying on this feature do not need to specify a listen socket in
-the unicorn config file.
-
-# SEE ALSO
-
-* *Rack::Builder* ri/RDoc
-* *Unicorn::Configurator* ri/RDoc
-* [Unicorn RDoc][1]
-* [Rack RDoc][2]
-* [Rackup HowTo][3]
-
-[1]: https://bogomips.org/unicorn/
-[2]: https://www.rubydoc.info/github/rack/rack/
-[3]: https://github.com/rack/rack/wiki/tutorial-rackup-howto
-[4]: https://bogomips.org/unicorn/SIGNALS.html

data/Documentation/unicorn_rails.1.txt

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-% UNICORN_RAILS(1) Unicorn User Manual
-% The Unicorn Community <unicorn-public@bogomips.org>
-% September 17, 2009
-
-# NAME
-
-unicorn_rails - unicorn launcher for Rails 1.x and 2.x users
-
-# SYNOPSIS
-
-unicorn_rails [-c CONFIG_FILE] [-E RAILS_ENV] [-D] [RACKUP_FILE]
-
-# DESCRIPTION
-
-A rackup(1)-like command to launch ancient Rails (2.x and earlier)
-applications using Unicorn.  Rails 3 (and later) support Rack natively,
-so users are encouraged to use unicorn(1) instead of unicorn_rails(1).
-
-It is expected to be started in your Rails application root (RAILS_ROOT),
-but the "working_directory" directive may be used in the CONFIG_FILE.
-
-The outward interface resembles rackup(1), the internals and default
-middleware loading is designed like the `script/server` command
-distributed with Rails.
-
-While Unicorn takes a myriad of command-line options for compatibility
-with ruby(1) and rackup(1), it is recommended to stick to the few
-command-line options specified in the SYNOPSIS and use the CONFIG_FILE
-as much as possible.
-
-# UNICORN OPTIONS
--c, \--config-file CONFIG_FILE
-:   Path to the Unicorn-specific config file.  The config file is
-    implemented as a Ruby DSL, so Ruby code may executed.
-    See the RDoc/ri for the *Unicorn::Configurator* class for the full
-    list of directives available from the DSL.
-    Using an absolute path for for CONFIG_FILE is recommended as it
-    makes multiple instances of Unicorn easily distinguishable when
-    viewing ps(1) output.
-
--D, \--daemonize
-:   Run daemonized in the background.  The process is detached from
-    the controlling terminal and stdin is redirected to "/dev/null".
-    Unlike many common UNIX daemons, we do not chdir to \"/\"
-    upon daemonization to allow more control over the startup/upgrade
-    process.
-    Unless specified in the CONFIG_FILE, stderr and stdout will
-    also be redirected to "/dev/null".
-    Daemonization will _skip_ loading of the *Rails::Rack::LogTailer*
-    middleware under Rails \>\= 2.3.x.
-    By default, unicorn\_rails(1) will create a PID file in
-    _\"RAILS\_ROOT/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid\"_.  You may override this
-    by specifying the "pid" directive to override this Unicorn config file.
-
--E, \--env RAILS_ENV
-:   Run under the given RAILS_ENV.  This sets the RAILS_ENV environment
-    variable.  Acceptable values are exactly those you expect in your Rails
-    application, typically "development" or "production".
-
--l, \--listen ADDRESS
-:   Listens on a given ADDRESS.  ADDRESS may be in the form of
-    HOST:PORT or PATH, HOST:PORT is taken to mean a TCP socket
-    and PATH is meant to be a path to a UNIX domain socket.
-    Defaults to "0.0.0.0:8080" (all addresses on TCP port 8080).
-    For production deployments, specifying the "listen" directive in
-    CONFIG_FILE is recommended as it allows fine-tuning of socket
-    options.
-
-# RACKUP COMPATIBILITY OPTIONS
--o, \--host HOST
-:   Listen on a TCP socket belonging to HOST, default is
-    "0.0.0.0" (all addresses).
-    If specified multiple times on the command-line, only the
-    last-specified value takes effect.
-    This option only exists for compatibility with the rackup(1) command,
-    use of "-l"/"\--listen" switch is recommended instead.
-
--p, \--port PORT
-:   Listen on the specified TCP PORT, default is 8080.
-    If specified multiple times on the command-line, only the last-specified
-    value takes effect.
-    This option only exists for compatibility with the rackup(1) command,
-    use of "-l"/"\--listen" switch is recommended instead.
-
-\--path PATH
-:   Mounts the Rails application at the given PATH (instead of "/").
-    This is equivalent to setting the RAILS_RELATIVE_URL_ROOT
-    environment variable.  This is only supported under Rails 2.3
-    or later at the moment.
-
-# RUBY OPTIONS
--e, \--eval LINE
-:   Evaluate a LINE of Ruby code.  This evaluation happens
-    immediately as the command-line is being parsed.
-
--d, \--debug
-:   Turn on debug mode, the $DEBUG variable is set to true.
-    For Rails \>\= 2.3.x, this loads the *Rails::Rack::Debugger*
-    middleware.
-
--w, \--warn
-:   Turn on verbose warnings, the $VERBOSE variable is set to true.
-
--I, \--include PATH
-:   specify $LOAD_PATH.  PATH will be prepended to $LOAD_PATH.
-    The \':\' character may be used to delimit multiple directories.
-    This directive may be used more than once.  Modifications to
-    $LOAD_PATH take place immediately and in the order they were
-    specified on the command-line.
-
--r, \--require LIBRARY
-:   require a specified LIBRARY before executing the application.  The
-    \"require\" statement will be executed immediately and in the order
-    they were specified on the command-line.
-
-# RACKUP FILE
-
-This defaults to \"config.ru\" in RAILS_ROOT.  It should be the same
-file used by rackup(1) and other Rack launchers, it uses the
-*Rack::Builder* DSL.  Unlike many other Rack applications, RACKUP_FILE
-is completely _optional_ for Rails, but may be used to disable some
-of the default middleware for performance.
-
-Embedded command-line options are mostly parsed for compatibility
-with rackup(1) but strongly discouraged.
-
-# ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
-
-The RAILS_ENV variable is set by the aforementioned \-E switch.  The
-RAILS_RELATIVE_URL_ROOT is set by the aforementioned \--path switch.
-Either of these variables may also be set in the shell or the Unicorn
-CONFIG_FILE.  All application or library-specific environment variables
-(e.g. TMPDIR, RAILS_ASSET_ID) may always be set in the Unicorn
-CONFIG_FILE in addition to the spawning shell.  When transparently
-upgrading Unicorn, all environment variables set in the old master
-process are inherited by the new master process.  Unicorn only uses (and
-will overwrite) the UNICORN_FD environment variable internally when
-doing transparent upgrades.
-
-# SIGNALS
-
-The following UNIX signals may be sent to the master process:
-
-* HUP - reload config file, app, and gracefully restart all workers
-* INT/TERM - quick shutdown, kills all workers immediately
-* QUIT - graceful shutdown, waits for workers to finish their
-  current request before finishing.
-* USR1 - reopen all logs owned by the master and all workers
-  See Unicorn::Util.reopen_logs for what is considered a log.
-* USR2 - reexecute the running binary.  A separate QUIT
-  should be sent to the original process once the child is verified to
-  be up and running.
-* WINCH - gracefully stops workers but keep the master running.
-  This will only work for daemonized processes.
-* TTIN - increment the number of worker processes by one
-* TTOU - decrement the number of worker processes by one
-
-See the [SIGNALS][4] document for full description of all signals
-used by Unicorn.
-
-# SEE ALSO
-
-* unicorn(1)
-* *Rack::Builder* ri/RDoc
-* *Unicorn::Configurator* ri/RDoc
-* [Unicorn RDoc][1]
-* [Rack RDoc][2]
-* [Rackup HowTo][3]
-
-[1]: https://bogomips.org/unicorn/
-[2]: https://www.rubydoc.info/github/rack/rack/
-[3]: https://github.com/rack/rack/wiki/tutorial-rackup-howto
-[4]: https://bogomips.org/unicorn/SIGNALS.html