ul-wukong 4.1.0

data/lib/hanuman/tree.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+require 'tsort'
+module Hanuman
+
+  module TreeInstanceMethods
+    include TSort
+
+    MultipleRoots = Class.new(TSort::Cyclic)
+
+    def tsort_each_node(&blk)
+      stages.keys.each(&blk)
+    end
+
+    def tsort_each_child(label, &blk)
+      links.select { |link| link.into == label }.map(&:from).each(&blk)
+    end
+
+    def directed_sort() self.tsort ; end
+    
+    def each_stage &blk
+      directed_sort.map { |label| stages[label]}.compact.each(&blk)
+    end
+
+    def root stage=nil
+      return stages[directed_sort.first] unless stage
+      return stage unless ancestor(stage)
+      self.root(ancestor(stage))
+    end
+
+    def ancestor(stage)
+      ancestors(stage).first
+    end
+    
+    def leaves
+      the_leaves = (descendents - ancestors)
+      the_leaves.empty? ? [root] : the_leaves
+    end
+
+    def add_link type, from, into
+      return if has_link?(from, into)
+      raise TSort::Cyclic.new("Cannot link from a stage <#{from.label}> to itself") if into == from
+      raise MultipleRoots.new("Cannot link from <#{from.label}> to <#{into.label}> because <#{into.label}> aleady has an ancestor <#{ancestor(into).label}>") if ancestor(into)
+      raise TSort::Cyclic.new("Cannot link from leaf <#{from.label}> to the root <#{into.label}>") if into == root && leaves.include?(from)
+      super(type, from, into)
+    end
+
+    def prepend stage
+      add_link(:simple, stage, root)
+    end
+
+    def append stage
+      leaves.each do |leaf|
+        stage_for_leaf       = stage.clone
+        stage_for_leaf.label = "#{stage_for_leaf.label}_for_#{leaf.label}".to_sym
+        add_link(:simple, leaf, stage_for_leaf)
+      end
+    end
+    
+  end
+  
+  class Tree < Graph
+    include TreeInstanceMethods
+  end
+
+  class TreeBuilder < GraphBuilder
+    include TreeInstanceMethods
+  end
+end

data/lib/wu/geo.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+require          'gorillib/data_munging'
+require_relative 'geo/geolocated'
+require_relative 'geo/quadtile'

data/lib/wu/geo/geolocated.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+require 'gorillib/numeric/clamp'
+
+Numeric.class_eval do
+  def to_radians() self.to_f * Math::PI / 180.0 ; end
+  def to_degrees() self.to_f * 180.0 / Math::PI ; end
+end
+
+module Wukong
+  #
+  # reference: [Bing Maps Tile System](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb259689.aspx)
+  #
+  module Geolocated
+    module_function # call methods as eg Wukong::Geolocated.tile_xy_to_quadkey or, if included in class, on self as private methods
+
+    # field :longitude,  type: Float,   description: "Longitude (X) of a point, in decimal degrees"
+    # field :latitude,   type: Float,   description: "Latitude (Y) of a point, in decimal degrees"
+    # field :zoom_level, type: Integer, description: "Zoom level of tile to fetch. An integer between 0 (world) and 16 or so"
+    # field :quadkey,    type: String,  description: "Quadkey of tile, eg 002313012"
+    # field :tile_x,     type: Integer, description: "Tile X index, an integer between 0 and 2^zoom_level - 1"
+    # field :tile_y,     type: Integer, description: "Tile Y index, an integer between 0 and 2^zoom_level - 1"
+
+    module ByCoordinates
+      extend Gorillib::Concern
+
+      # The quadkey is a string of 2-bit tile selectors for a quadtile
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   infochimps_hq = Geo::Place.receive("Infochimps HQ", -97.759003, 30.273884)
+      #   infochimps_hq.quadkey(8) # => "02313012"
+      #
+      # Interesting quadkey properties:
+      #
+      # * The quadkey length is its zoom level
+      #
+      # * To zoom out (lower zoom level, larger quadtile), just truncate the
+      #   quadkey: austin at ZL=8 has quadkey "02313012"; at ZL=3, "023"
+      #
+      # * Nearby points typically have "nearby" quadkeys: up to the smallest
+      #   tile that contains both, their quadkeys will have a common prefix.
+      #   If you sort your records by quadkey,
+      #   - Nearby points are nearby-ish on disk. (hello, HBase/Cassandra
+      #     database owners!) This allows efficient lookup and caching of
+      #     "popular" regions or repeated queries in an area.
+      #   - the tiles covering a region can be covered by a limited, enumerable
+      #     set of range scans. For map-reduce programmers, this leads to very
+      #     efficient reducers
+      #
+      # * The quadkey is the bit-interleaved combination of its tile ids:
+      #
+      #       tile_x      58  binary  0  0  1  1  1  0  1  0
+      #       tile_y      105 binary 0  1  1  0  1  0  0  1
+      #       interleaved     binary 00 10 11 01 11 00 01 10
+      #       quadkey                 0  2  3  1  3  0  1  2 #  "02313012"
+      #
+      def quadkey(zl)    ; Wukong::Geolocated.tile_xy_zl_to_quadkey(  tile_x(zl), tile_y(zl), zl) ; end
+
+      # the packed quadkey is the integer formed by interleaving the bits of tile_x with tile_y:
+      #
+      #       tile_x      58  binary  0  0  1  1  1  0  1  0
+      #       tile_y      105 binary 0  1  1  0  1  0  0  1
+      #       interleaved     binary 00 10 11 01 11 00 01 10
+      #       quadkey                 0  2  3  1  3  0  1  2 #  "02313012"
+      #
+      # (see `quadkey` for more.)
+      #
+      # At zoom level 15, the packed quadkey is a 30-bit unsigned integer --
+      # meaning you can store it in a pig `int`; for languages with an `unsigned
+      # int` type, you can go to zoom level 16 before you have to use a
+      # less-efficient type. Zoom level 15 has a resolution of about one tile
+      # per kilometer (about 1.25 km/tile near the equator; 0.75 km/tile at
+      # London's latitude). It takes 1 billion tiles to tile the world at that
+      # scale. Ruby's integer type goes up to 60 bits, enough for any practical
+      # zoom level.
+      #
+      def packed_qk      ; Wukong::Geolocated.tile_xy_zl_to_packed_qk(tile_x(zl), tile_y(zl), zl) ; end
+
+      # @return [Float] x index of the tile this object lies on at given zoom level
+      def tile_xf(zl)    ; Wukong::Geolocated.lng_zl_to_tile_xf(longitude, zl)  ; end
+      # @return [Float] y index of the tile this object lies on at given zoom level
+      def tile_yf(zl)    ; Wukong::Geolocated.lat_zl_to_tile_yf(latitude,  zl)  ; end
+      # @return [Integer] x index of the tile this object lies on at given zoom level
+      def tile_x(zl)     ; tile_xf(zl).floor  ; end
+      # @return [Integer] y index of the tile this object lies on at given zoom level
+      def tile_y(zl)     ; tile_yf(zl).floor  ; end
+
+      # @return [Float] tile coordinates `(x,y)` for this object at given zoom level
+      def tile_xy(zl)    ; [tile_x(xl), tile_y(zl)] ; end
+
+      # @returns [Array<Numeric, Numeric>] a `[longitude, latitude]` pair representing object as a point.
+      def lng_lat        ; [longitude, latitude] ; end
+
+      # @returns [left, btm, right, top]
+      def bbox_for_radius(radius) ; Wukong::Geolocated.lng_lat_rad_to_bbox(longitude, latitude, radius) ; end
+    end
+
+    EARTH_RADIUS      =  6371000 # meters
+    MIN_LONGITUDE     = -180
+    MAX_LONGITUDE     =  180
+    MIN_LATITUDE      = -85.05112878
+    MAX_LATITUDE      =  85.05112878
+    ALLOWED_LONGITUDE = (MIN_LONGITUDE..MAX_LONGITUDE)
+    ALLOWED_LATITUDE  = (MIN_LATITUDE..MAX_LATITUDE)
+    TILE_PIXEL_SIZE   =  256
+
+    # Width or height in number of tiles
+    def map_tile_size(zl)
+      1 << zl
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Tile coordinates
+    #
+
+    # Convert longitude in degrees to _floating-point_ tile x,y coordinates at given zoom level
+    def lng_zl_to_tile_xf(longitude, zl)
+      raise ArgumentError, "longitude must be within bounds ((#{longitude}) vs #{ALLOWED_LONGITUDE})" unless (ALLOWED_LONGITUDE.include?(longitude))
+      xx = (longitude.to_f + 180.0) / 360.0
+      (map_tile_size(zl) * xx)
+    end
+
+    # Convert latitude in degrees to _floating-point_ tile x,y coordinates at given zoom level
+    def lat_zl_to_tile_yf(latitude, zl)
+      raise ArgumentError, "latitude must be within bounds ((#{latitude}) vs #{ALLOWED_LATITUDE})" unless (ALLOWED_LATITUDE.include?(latitude))
+      sin_lat = Math.sin(latitude.to_radians)
+      yy = Math.log((1 + sin_lat) / (1 - sin_lat)) / (4 * Math::PI)
+      (map_tile_size(zl) * (0.5 - yy))
+    end
+
+    # Convert latitude in degrees to integer tile x,y coordinates at given zoom level
+    def lng_lat_zl_to_tile_xy(longitude, latitude, zl)
+      [lng_zl_to_tile_xf(longitude, zl).floor, lat_zl_to_tile_yf(latitude, zl).floor]
+    end
+
+    # Convert from tile_x, tile_y, zoom level to longitude and latitude in
+    # degrees (slight loss of precision).
+    #
+    # Tile coordinates may be floats or integer; they must lie within map range.
+    def tile_xy_zl_to_lng_lat(tile_x, tile_y, zl)
+      tile_size = map_tile_size(zl)
+      raise ArgumentError, "tile index must be within bounds ((#{tile_x},#{tile_y}) vs #{tile_size})" unless ((0..(tile_size-1)).include?(tile_x)) && ((0..(tile_size-1)).include?(tile_x))
+      xx =       (tile_x.to_f / tile_size)
+      yy = 0.5 - (tile_y.to_f / tile_size)
+      lng = 360.0 * xx - 180.0
+      lat = 90 - 360 * Math.atan(Math.exp(-yy * 2 * Math::PI)) / Math::PI
+      [lng, lat]
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Quadkey coordinates
+    #
+
+    # converts from even/odd state of tile x and tile y to quadkey. NOTE: bit order means y, x
+    BIT_TO_QUADKEY = { [false, false] => "0", [false, true] => "1", [true, false] => "2", [true, true] => "3", }
+    # converts from quadkey char to bits. NOTE: bit order means y, x
+    QUADKEY_TO_BIT = { "0" => [0,0], "1" => [0,1], "2" => [1,0], "3" => [1,1]}
+
+    # Convert from tile x,y into a quadkey at a specified zoom level
+    def tile_xy_zl_to_quadkey(tile_x, tile_y, zl)
+      quadkey_chars = []
+      tx = tile_x.to_i
+      ty = tile_y.to_i
+      zl.times do
+        quadkey_chars.push BIT_TO_QUADKEY[[ty.odd?, tx.odd?]] # bit order y,x
+        tx >>= 1 ; ty >>= 1
+      end
+      quadkey_chars.join.reverse
+    end
+
+    # Convert a quadkey into tile x,y coordinates and level
+    def quadkey_to_tile_xy_zl(quadkey)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Quadkey must contain only the characters 0, 1, 2 or 3: #{quadkey}!" unless quadkey =~ /\A[0-3]*\z/
+      zl = quadkey.to_s.length
+      tx = 0 ; ty = 0
+      quadkey.chars.each do |char|
+        ybit, xbit = QUADKEY_TO_BIT[char] # bit order y, x
+        tx = (tx << 1) + xbit
+        ty = (ty << 1) + ybit
+      end
+      [tx, ty, zl]
+    end
+
+    # Convert from tile x,y into a packed quadkey at a specified zoom level
+    def tile_xy_zl_to_packed_qk(tile_x, tile_y, zl)
+      # don't optimize unless you're sure your way is faster; string ops are
+      # faster than you think and loops are slower than you think
+      quadkey_str = tile_xy_zl_to_quadkey(tile_x, tile_y, zl)
+      quadkey_str.to_i(4)
+    end
+
+    # Convert a packed quadkey (integer) into tile x,y coordinates and level
+    def packed_qk_zl_to_tile_xy(packed_qk, zl=16)
+      # don't "optimize" this without testing... string operations are faster than you think in ruby
+      raise ArgumentError, "Quadkey must be an integer in range of the zoom level: #{packed_qk}, #{zl}" unless packed_qk.is_a?(Fixnum) && (packed_qk < 2 ** (zl*2))
+      quadkey_rhs = packed_qk.to_s(4)
+      quadkey     = ("0" * (zl - quadkey_rhs.length)) << quadkey_rhs
+      quadkey_to_tile_xy_zl(quadkey)
+    end
+
+    # Convert a lat/lng and zoom level into a quadkey
+    def lng_lat_zl_to_quadkey(longitude, latitude, zl)
+      tile_x, tile_y = lng_lat_zl_to_tile_xy(longitude, latitude, zl)
+      tile_xy_zl_to_quadkey(tile_x, tile_y, zl)
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Bounding box coordinates
+    #
+
+    # Convert a quadkey into a bounding box using adjacent tile
+    def quadkey_to_bbox(quadkey)
+      tile_x, tile_y, zl = quadkey_to_tile_xy_zl(quadkey)
+      # bottom right of me is top left of my southeast neighbor
+      left,  top = tile_xy_zl_to_lng_lat(tile_x,     tile_y,     zl)
+      right, btm = tile_xy_zl_to_lng_lat(tile_x + 1, tile_y + 1, zl)
+      [left, btm, right, top]
+    end
+
+    # Retuns the smallest quadkey containing both of corners of the given bounding box
+    def quadkey_containing_bbox(left, btm, right, top)
+      qk_tl = lng_lat_zl_to_quadkey(left,  top, 23)
+      qk_2  = lng_lat_zl_to_quadkey(right, btm, 23)
+      # the containing qk is the longest one that both agree on
+      containing_key = ""
+      qk_tl.chars.zip(qk_2.chars).each do |char_tl, char_2|
+        break if char_tl != char_2
+        containing_key << char_tl
+      end
+      containing_key
+    end
+
+    # Returns a bounding box containing the circle created by the lat/lng and radius
+    def lng_lat_rad_to_bbox(longitude, latitude, radius)
+      left, _    = point_east( longitude, latitude, -radius)
+      _,     btm = point_north(longitude, latitude, -radius)
+      right, _   = point_east( longitude, latitude,  radius)
+      _,     top = point_north(longitude, latitude,  radius)
+      [left, btm, right, top]
+    end
+
+    # Returns the centroid of a bounding box
+    #
+    # @param [Array<Float, Float>] left_btm  Longitude, Latitude of SW point
+    # @param [Array<Float, Float>] right_top Longitude, Latitude of NE point
+    #
+    # @return [Array<Float, Float>] Longitude, Latitude of centroid
+    def bbox_centroid(left_btm, right_top)
+      haversine_midpoint(*left_btm, *right_top)
+    end
+
+    # Return the haversine distance in meters between two points
+    def haversine_distance(left, btm, right, top)
+      delta_lng = (right - left).abs.to_radians
+      delta_lat = (top   - btm ).abs.to_radians
+      btm_rad = btm.to_radians
+      top_rad = top.to_radians
+
+      aa = (Math.sin(delta_lat / 2.0))**2 + Math.cos(top_rad) * Math.cos(btm_rad) * (Math.sin(delta_lng / 2.0))**2
+      cc = 2.0 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(aa), Math.sqrt(1.0 - aa))
+      cc * EARTH_RADIUS
+    end
+
+    # Return the haversine midpoint in meters between two points
+    def haversine_midpoint(left, btm, right, top)
+      cos_btm   = Math.cos(btm.to_radians)
+      cos_top   = Math.cos(top.to_radians)
+      bearing_x = cos_btm * Math.cos((right - left).to_radians)
+      bearing_y = cos_btm * Math.sin((right - left).to_radians)
+      mid_lat   = Math.atan2(
+        (Math.sin(top.to_radians) + Math.sin(btm.to_radians)),
+        (Math.sqrt((cos_top + bearing_x)**2 + bearing_y**2)))
+      mid_lng   = left.to_radians + Math.atan2(bearing_y, (cos_top + bearing_x))
+      [mid_lng.to_degrees, mid_lat.to_degrees]
+    end
+
+    # From a given point, calculate the point directly north a specified distance
+    def point_north(longitude, latitude, distance)
+      north_lat = (latitude.to_radians + (distance.to_f / EARTH_RADIUS)).to_degrees
+      [longitude, north_lat]
+    end
+
+    # From a given point, calculate the change in degrees directly east a given distance
+    def point_east(longitude, latitude, distance)
+      radius = EARTH_RADIUS * Math.sin(((Math::PI / 2.0) - latitude.to_radians.abs))
+      east_lng = (longitude.to_radians + (distance.to_f / radius)).to_degrees
+      [east_lng, latitude]
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Pixel coordinates
+    #
+    # Use with a standard (256x256 pixel) grid-based tileserver
+    #
+
+    # Width or height of grid bitmap in pixels at given zoom level
+    def map_pixel_size(zl)
+      TILE_PIXEL_SIZE * map_tile_size(zl)
+    end
+
+    # Return pixel resolution in meters per pixel at a specified latitude and zoom level
+    def pixel_resolution(latitude, zl)
+      lat = latitude.clamp(MIN_LATITUDE, MAX_LATITUDE)
+      Math.cos(lat.to_radians) * 2 * Math::PI * EARTH_RADIUS / map_pixel_size(zl).to_f
+    end
+
+    # Map scale at a specified latitude, zoom level, & screen resolution in dpi
+    def map_scale_for_dpi(latitude, zl, screen_dpi)
+      pixel_resolution(latitude, zl) * screen_dpi / 0.0254
+    end
+
+    # Convert from x,y pixel pair into tile x,y coordinates
+    def pixel_xy_to_tile_xy(pixel_x, pixel_y)
+      [pixel_x / TILE_PIXEL_SIZE, pixel_y / TILE_PIXEL_SIZE]
+    end
+
+    # Convert from x,y tile pair into pixel x,y coordinates (top left corner)
+    def tile_xy_to_pixel_xy(tile_x, tile_y)
+      [tile_x * TILE_PIXEL_SIZE, tile_y * TILE_PIXEL_SIZE]
+    end
+
+    def pixel_xy_zl_to_lng_lat(pixel_x, pixel_y, zl)
+      tile_xy_zl_to_lng_lat(pixel_x.to_f / TILE_PIXEL_SIZE, pixel_y.to_f / TILE_PIXEL_SIZE, zl)
+    end
+
+    def lng_lat_zl_to_pixel_xy(lng, lat, zl)
+      pixel_x = lng_zl_to_tile_xf(lng, zl)
+      pixel_y = lat_zl_to_tile_yf(lat, zl)
+      [(pixel_x * TILE_PIXEL_SIZE + 0.5).floor, (pixel_y * TILE_PIXEL_SIZE + 0.5).floor]
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/lib/wu/geo/quadtile.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+module Wukong
+  module Geo
+    class Quadtile
+      include Gorillib::Model
+      #
+      field :tile_x, Integer, position: 0, doc: "Tile X index, an integer between 0 and 2^zoom_level - 1"
+      field :tile_y, Integer, position: 1, doc: "Tile Y index, an integer between 0 and 2^zoom_level - 1"
+      field :zl,     Integer, position: 2, doc: "Zoom level of tile to fetch. 0 is the world; 16 is about a kilometer."
+      field :slug,   String,  default: 'tile', doc: "Name, prefixed on saved tiles"
+
+      def quadkey   ; Wukong::Geolocated.tile_xy_zl_to_quadkey(  tile_x, tile_y, zl) ; end
+      def packed_qk ; Wukong::Geolocated.tile_xy_zl_to_packed_qk(tile_x, tile_y, zl) ; end
+
+      # Base of URL for map tile server; anything X/Y/Z.png-addressable works,
+      # eg `http://b.tile.openstreetmap.org`. Defaults to 'http://b.tile.stamen.com/toner-lite'`.
+      class_attribute :tileserver_url_base
+      self.tileserver_url_base = 'http://a.tile.stamen.com/toner-lite'
+
+      def self.from_whatever(hsh)
+        zl = hsh[:zl] ? hsh[:zl].to_i : nil
+        case
+        when hsh[:tile_x].present? && hsh[:tile_y].present? && zl.present?
+          tile_x, tile_y = [hsh[:tile_x], hsh[:tile_y]]
+        when hsh[:longitude].present? && hsh[:latitude].present? && zl.present?
+          tile_x, tile_y = Wukong::Geolocated.lng_lat_zl_to_tile_xy(hsh[:longitude], hsh[:latitude], zl)
+        when hsh[:quadkey].present?
+          quadkey = hsh[:quadkey]
+          quadkey = quadkey[0..zl] if zl.to_i > 0
+          tile_x, tile_y, zl = Wukong::Geolocated.quadkey_to_tile_xy_zl(quadkey)
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "You must supply keys for either `:longitude`, `:latitude` and `:zl`; `:tile_x`, `:tile_y` and `:zl`; or `:quadkey`: #{hsh.inspect}"
+        end
+        return new(tile_x, tile_y, zl, hsh.to_hash)
+      end
+
+      def self.tileserver_conn
+        @tileserver_conn = Faraday.new(:url => tileserver_url_base)
+      end
+
+      def tile_url
+        [tileserver_url_base, zl, tile_x, tile_y].join('/') << ".png"
+      end
+
+      # A
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   qt = Quadtile.from_whatever(longitude: -97.759003, latitude: 30.273884, zl: 15)
+      #   qt.slug  # tile-15-64587
+      #
+      #
+      # @returns [String]
+      def basename(options={})
+        options = { sep: '-', ext: 'png'}
+        sep = options[:sep]
+        # "%s%s%02d%s%04d%s%04d.%s" % [slug, sep, zl, sep, tile_x, sep, tile_y, options[:ext]]
+        "%s/%02d/%s%s%s.%s" % [slug, zl, slug, sep, quadkey, options[:ext]]
+      end
+
+      # Fetch the contents of a map tile from a tileserver
+      #
+      # You are responsible for requiring the faraday library and its adapter
+      #
+      def fetch
+        self.class.tileserver_conn.get(tile_url)
+      end
+
+    end
+  end
+end