tree-sitter 0.0.1

data/ext/tree-sitter/tree-sitter/externals/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/msvs_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+""" Unit tests for the msvs.py file. """
+
+import gyp.generator.msvs as msvs
+import unittest
+import StringIO
+
+
+class TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    self.stderr = StringIO.StringIO()
+
+  def test_GetLibraries(self):
+    self.assertEqual(
+      msvs._GetLibraries({}),
+      [])
+    self.assertEqual(
+      msvs._GetLibraries({'libraries': []}),
+      [])
+    self.assertEqual(
+      msvs._GetLibraries({'other':'foo', 'libraries': ['a.lib']}),
+      ['a.lib'])
+    self.assertEqual(
+      msvs._GetLibraries({'libraries': ['-la']}),
+      ['a.lib'])
+    self.assertEqual(
+      msvs._GetLibraries({'libraries': ['a.lib', 'b.lib', 'c.lib', '-lb.lib',
+                                   '-lb.lib', 'd.lib', 'a.lib']}),
+      ['c.lib', 'b.lib', 'd.lib', 'a.lib'])
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main()

data/ext/tree-sitter/tree-sitter/externals/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/ninja.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2160 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+import collections
+import copy
+import hashlib
+import json
+import multiprocessing
+import os.path
+import re
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import gyp
+import gyp.common
+import gyp.msvs_emulation
+import gyp.MSVSUtil as MSVSUtil
+import gyp.xcode_emulation
+from cStringIO import StringIO
+
+from gyp.common import GetEnvironFallback
+import gyp.ninja_syntax as ninja_syntax
+
+generator_default_variables = {
+  'EXECUTABLE_PREFIX': '',
+  'EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX': '',
+  'STATIC_LIB_PREFIX': 'lib',
+  'STATIC_LIB_SUFFIX': '.a',
+  'SHARED_LIB_PREFIX': 'lib',
+
+  # Gyp expects the following variables to be expandable by the build
+  # system to the appropriate locations.  Ninja prefers paths to be
+  # known at gyp time.  To resolve this, introduce special
+  # variables starting with $! and $| (which begin with a $ so gyp knows it
+  # should be treated specially, but is otherwise an invalid
+  # ninja/shell variable) that are passed to gyp here but expanded
+  # before writing out into the target .ninja files; see
+  # ExpandSpecial.
+  # $! is used for variables that represent a path and that can only appear at
+  # the start of a string, while $| is used for variables that can appear
+  # anywhere in a string.
+  'INTERMEDIATE_DIR': '$!INTERMEDIATE_DIR',
+  'SHARED_INTERMEDIATE_DIR': '$!PRODUCT_DIR/gen',
+  'PRODUCT_DIR': '$!PRODUCT_DIR',
+  'CONFIGURATION_NAME': '$|CONFIGURATION_NAME',
+
+  # Special variables that may be used by gyp 'rule' targets.
+  # We generate definitions for these variables on the fly when processing a
+  # rule.
+  'RULE_INPUT_ROOT': '${root}',
+  'RULE_INPUT_DIRNAME': '${dirname}',
+  'RULE_INPUT_PATH': '${source}',
+  'RULE_INPUT_EXT': '${ext}',
+  'RULE_INPUT_NAME': '${name}',
+}
+
+# Placates pylint.
+generator_additional_non_configuration_keys = []
+generator_additional_path_sections = []
+generator_extra_sources_for_rules = []
+generator_filelist_paths = None
+
+# TODO: figure out how to not build extra host objects in the non-cross-compile
+# case when this is enabled, and enable unconditionally.
+generator_supports_multiple_toolsets = (
+  os.environ.get('GYP_CROSSCOMPILE') or
+  os.environ.get('AR_host') or
+  os.environ.get('CC_host') or
+  os.environ.get('CXX_host') or
+  os.environ.get('AR_target') or
+  os.environ.get('CC_target') or
+  os.environ.get('CXX_target'))
+
+
+def StripPrefix(arg, prefix):
+  if arg.startswith(prefix):
+    return arg[len(prefix):]
+  return arg
+
+
+def QuoteShellArgument(arg, flavor):
+  """Quote a string such that it will be interpreted as a single argument
+  by the shell."""
+  # Rather than attempting to enumerate the bad shell characters, just
+  # whitelist common OK ones and quote anything else.
+  if re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_=.\\/-]+$', arg):
+    return arg  # No quoting necessary.
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    return gyp.msvs_emulation.QuoteForRspFile(arg)
+  return "'" + arg.replace("'", "'" + '"\'"' + "'")  + "'"
+
+
+def Define(d, flavor):
+  """Takes a preprocessor define and returns a -D parameter that's ninja- and
+  shell-escaped."""
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    # cl.exe replaces literal # characters with = in preprocesor definitions for
+    # some reason. Octal-encode to work around that.
+    d = d.replace('#', '\\%03o' % ord('#'))
+  return QuoteShellArgument(ninja_syntax.escape('-D' + d), flavor)
+
+
+def AddArch(output, arch):
+  """Adds an arch string to an output path."""
+  output, extension = os.path.splitext(output)
+  return '%s.%s%s' % (output, arch, extension)
+
+
+class Target:
+  """Target represents the paths used within a single gyp target.
+
+  Conceptually, building a single target A is a series of steps:
+
+  1) actions/rules/copies  generates source/resources/etc.
+  2) compiles              generates .o files
+  3) link                  generates a binary (library/executable)
+  4) bundle                merges the above in a mac bundle
+
+  (Any of these steps can be optional.)
+
+  From a build ordering perspective, a dependent target B could just
+  depend on the last output of this series of steps.
+
+  But some dependent commands sometimes need to reach inside the box.
+  For example, when linking B it needs to get the path to the static
+  library generated by A.
+
+  This object stores those paths.  To keep things simple, member
+  variables only store concrete paths to single files, while methods
+  compute derived values like "the last output of the target".
+  """
+  def __init__(self, type):
+    # Gyp type ("static_library", etc.) of this target.
+    self.type = type
+    # File representing whether any input dependencies necessary for
+    # dependent actions have completed.
+    self.preaction_stamp = None
+    # File representing whether any input dependencies necessary for
+    # dependent compiles have completed.
+    self.precompile_stamp = None
+    # File representing the completion of actions/rules/copies, if any.
+    self.actions_stamp = None
+    # Path to the output of the link step, if any.
+    self.binary = None
+    # Path to the file representing the completion of building the bundle,
+    # if any.
+    self.bundle = None
+    # On Windows, incremental linking requires linking against all the .objs
+    # that compose a .lib (rather than the .lib itself). That list is stored
+    # here.
+    self.component_objs = None
+    # Windows only. The import .lib is the output of a build step, but
+    # because dependents only link against the lib (not both the lib and the
+    # dll) we keep track of the import library here.
+    self.import_lib = None
+
+  def Linkable(self):
+    """Return true if this is a target that can be linked against."""
+    return self.type in ('static_library', 'shared_library')
+
+  def UsesToc(self, flavor):
+    """Return true if the target should produce a restat rule based on a TOC
+    file."""
+    # For bundles, the .TOC should be produced for the binary, not for
+    # FinalOutput(). But the naive approach would put the TOC file into the
+    # bundle, so don't do this for bundles for now.
+    if flavor == 'win' or self.bundle:
+      return False
+    return self.type in ('shared_library', 'loadable_module')
+
+  def PreActionInput(self, flavor):
+    """Return the path, if any, that should be used as a dependency of
+    any dependent action step."""
+    if self.UsesToc(flavor):
+      return self.FinalOutput() + '.TOC'
+    return self.FinalOutput() or self.preaction_stamp
+
+  def PreCompileInput(self):
+    """Return the path, if any, that should be used as a dependency of
+    any dependent compile step."""
+    return self.actions_stamp or self.precompile_stamp
+
+  def FinalOutput(self):
+    """Return the last output of the target, which depends on all prior
+    steps."""
+    return self.bundle or self.binary or self.actions_stamp
+
+
+# A small discourse on paths as used within the Ninja build:
+# All files we produce (both at gyp and at build time) appear in the
+# build directory (e.g. out/Debug).
+#
+# Paths within a given .gyp file are always relative to the directory
+# containing the .gyp file.  Call these "gyp paths".  This includes
+# sources as well as the starting directory a given gyp rule/action
+# expects to be run from.  We call the path from the source root to
+# the gyp file the "base directory" within the per-.gyp-file
+# NinjaWriter code.
+#
+# All paths as written into the .ninja files are relative to the build
+# directory.  Call these paths "ninja paths".
+#
+# We translate between these two notions of paths with two helper
+# functions:
+#
+# - GypPathToNinja translates a gyp path (i.e. relative to the .gyp file)
+#   into the equivalent ninja path.
+#
+# - GypPathToUniqueOutput translates a gyp path into a ninja path to write
+#   an output file; the result can be namespaced such that it is unique
+#   to the input file name as well as the output target name.
+
+class NinjaWriter:
+  def __init__(self, qualified_target, target_outputs, base_dir, build_dir,
+               output_file, toplevel_build, output_file_name, flavor,
+               toplevel_dir=None):
+    """
+    base_dir: path from source root to directory containing this gyp file,
+              by gyp semantics, all input paths are relative to this
+    build_dir: path from source root to build output
+    toplevel_dir: path to the toplevel directory
+    """
+
+    self.qualified_target = qualified_target
+    self.target_outputs = target_outputs
+    self.base_dir = base_dir
+    self.build_dir = build_dir
+    self.ninja = ninja_syntax.Writer(output_file)
+    self.toplevel_build = toplevel_build
+    self.output_file_name = output_file_name
+
+    self.flavor = flavor
+    self.abs_build_dir = None
+    if toplevel_dir is not None:
+      self.abs_build_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(toplevel_dir,
+                                                        build_dir))
+    self.obj_ext = '.obj' if flavor == 'win' else '.o'
+    if flavor == 'win':
+      # See docstring of msvs_emulation.GenerateEnvironmentFiles().
+      self.win_env = {}
+      for arch in ('x86', 'x64'):
+        self.win_env[arch] = 'environment.' + arch
+
+    # Relative path from build output dir to base dir.
+    build_to_top = gyp.common.InvertRelativePath(build_dir, toplevel_dir)
+    self.build_to_base = os.path.join(build_to_top, base_dir)
+    # Relative path from base dir to build dir.
+    base_to_top = gyp.common.InvertRelativePath(base_dir, toplevel_dir)
+    self.base_to_build = os.path.join(base_to_top, build_dir)
+
+  def ExpandSpecial(self, path, product_dir=None):
+    """Expand specials like $!PRODUCT_DIR in |path|.
+
+    If |product_dir| is None, assumes the cwd is already the product
+    dir.  Otherwise, |product_dir| is the relative path to the product
+    dir.
+    """
+
+    PRODUCT_DIR = '$!PRODUCT_DIR'
+    if PRODUCT_DIR in path:
+      if product_dir:
+        path = path.replace(PRODUCT_DIR, product_dir)
+      else:
+        path = path.replace(PRODUCT_DIR + '/', '')
+        path = path.replace(PRODUCT_DIR + '\\', '')
+        path = path.replace(PRODUCT_DIR, '.')
+
+    INTERMEDIATE_DIR = '$!INTERMEDIATE_DIR'
+    if INTERMEDIATE_DIR in path:
+      int_dir = self.GypPathToUniqueOutput('gen')
+      # GypPathToUniqueOutput generates a path relative to the product dir,
+      # so insert product_dir in front if it is provided.
+      path = path.replace(INTERMEDIATE_DIR,
+                          os.path.join(product_dir or '', int_dir))
+
+    CONFIGURATION_NAME = '$|CONFIGURATION_NAME'
+    path = path.replace(CONFIGURATION_NAME, self.config_name)
+
+    return path
+
+  def ExpandRuleVariables(self, path, root, dirname, source, ext, name):
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      path = self.msvs_settings.ConvertVSMacros(
+          path, config=self.config_name)
+    path = path.replace(generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_ROOT'], root)
+    path = path.replace(generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_DIRNAME'],
+                        dirname)
+    path = path.replace(generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_PATH'], source)
+    path = path.replace(generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_EXT'], ext)
+    path = path.replace(generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_NAME'], name)
+    return path
+
+  def GypPathToNinja(self, path, env=None):
+    """Translate a gyp path to a ninja path, optionally expanding environment
+    variable references in |path| with |env|.
+
+    See the above discourse on path conversions."""
+    if env:
+      if self.flavor == 'mac':
+        path = gyp.xcode_emulation.ExpandEnvVars(path, env)
+      elif self.flavor == 'win':
+        path = gyp.msvs_emulation.ExpandMacros(path, env)
+    if path.startswith('$!'):
+      expanded = self.ExpandSpecial(path)
+      if self.flavor == 'win':
+        expanded = os.path.normpath(expanded)
+      return expanded
+    if '$|' in path:
+      path = self.ExpandSpecial(path)
+    assert '$' not in path, path
+    return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.build_to_base, path))
+
+  def GypPathToUniqueOutput(self, path, qualified=True):
+    """Translate a gyp path to a ninja path for writing output.
+
+    If qualified is True, qualify the resulting filename with the name
+    of the target.  This is necessary when e.g. compiling the same
+    path twice for two separate output targets.
+
+    See the above discourse on path conversions."""
+
+    path = self.ExpandSpecial(path)
+    assert not path.startswith('$'), path
+
+    # Translate the path following this scheme:
+    #   Input: foo/bar.gyp, target targ, references baz/out.o
+    #   Output: obj/foo/baz/targ.out.o (if qualified)
+    #           obj/foo/baz/out.o (otherwise)
+    #     (and obj.host instead of obj for cross-compiles)
+    #
+    # Why this scheme and not some other one?
+    # 1) for a given input, you can compute all derived outputs by matching
+    #    its path, even if the input is brought via a gyp file with '..'.
+    # 2) simple files like libraries and stamps have a simple filename.
+
+    obj = 'obj'
+    if self.toolset != 'target':
+      obj += '.' + self.toolset
+
+    path_dir, path_basename = os.path.split(path)
+    if qualified:
+      path_basename = self.name + '.' + path_basename
+    return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(obj, self.base_dir, path_dir,
+                                         path_basename))
+
+  def WriteCollapsedDependencies(self, name, targets):
+    """Given a list of targets, return a path for a single file
+    representing the result of building all the targets or None.
+
+    Uses a stamp file if necessary."""
+
+    assert targets == filter(None, targets), targets
+    if len(targets) == 0:
+      return None
+    if len(targets) > 1:
+      stamp = self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(name + '.stamp')
+      targets = self.ninja.build(stamp, 'stamp', targets)
+      self.ninja.newline()
+    return targets[0]
+
+  def _SubninjaNameForArch(self, arch):
+    output_file_base = os.path.splitext(self.output_file_name)[0]
+    return '%s.%s.ninja' % (output_file_base, arch)
+
+  def WriteSpec(self, spec, config_name, generator_flags):
+    """The main entry point for NinjaWriter: write the build rules for a spec.
+
+    Returns a Target object, which represents the output paths for this spec.
+    Returns None if there are no outputs (e.g. a settings-only 'none' type
+    target)."""
+
+    self.config_name = config_name
+    self.name = spec['target_name']
+    self.toolset = spec['toolset']
+    config = spec['configurations'][config_name]
+    self.target = Target(spec['type'])
+    self.is_standalone_static_library = bool(
+        spec.get('standalone_static_library', 0))
+    # Track if this target contains any C++ files, to decide if gcc or g++
+    # should be used for linking.
+    self.uses_cpp = False
+
+    self.is_mac_bundle = gyp.xcode_emulation.IsMacBundle(self.flavor, spec)
+    self.xcode_settings = self.msvs_settings = None
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      self.xcode_settings = gyp.xcode_emulation.XcodeSettings(spec)
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      self.msvs_settings = gyp.msvs_emulation.MsvsSettings(spec,
+                                                           generator_flags)
+      arch = self.msvs_settings.GetArch(config_name)
+      self.ninja.variable('arch', self.win_env[arch])
+      self.ninja.variable('cc', '$cl_' + arch)
+      self.ninja.variable('cxx', '$cl_' + arch)
+
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      self.archs = self.xcode_settings.GetActiveArchs(config_name)
+      if len(self.archs) > 1:
+        self.arch_subninjas = dict(
+            (arch, ninja_syntax.Writer(
+                OpenOutput(os.path.join(self.toplevel_build,
+                                        self._SubninjaNameForArch(arch)),
+                           'w')))
+            for arch in self.archs)
+
+    # Compute predepends for all rules.
+    # actions_depends is the dependencies this target depends on before running
+    # any of its action/rule/copy steps.
+    # compile_depends is the dependencies this target depends on before running
+    # any of its compile steps.
+    actions_depends = []
+    compile_depends = []
+    # TODO(evan): it is rather confusing which things are lists and which
+    # are strings.  Fix these.
+    if 'dependencies' in spec:
+      for dep in spec['dependencies']:
+        if dep in self.target_outputs:
+          target = self.target_outputs[dep]
+          actions_depends.append(target.PreActionInput(self.flavor))
+          compile_depends.append(target.PreCompileInput())
+      actions_depends = filter(None, actions_depends)
+      compile_depends = filter(None, compile_depends)
+      actions_depends = self.WriteCollapsedDependencies('actions_depends',
+                                                        actions_depends)
+      compile_depends = self.WriteCollapsedDependencies('compile_depends',
+                                                        compile_depends)
+      self.target.preaction_stamp = actions_depends
+      self.target.precompile_stamp = compile_depends
+
+    # Write out actions, rules, and copies.  These must happen before we
+    # compile any sources, so compute a list of predependencies for sources
+    # while we do it.
+    extra_sources = []
+    mac_bundle_depends = []
+    self.target.actions_stamp = self.WriteActionsRulesCopies(
+        spec, extra_sources, actions_depends, mac_bundle_depends)
+
+    # If we have actions/rules/copies, we depend directly on those, but
+    # otherwise we depend on dependent target's actions/rules/copies etc.
+    # We never need to explicitly depend on previous target's link steps,
+    # because no compile ever depends on them.
+    compile_depends_stamp = (self.target.actions_stamp or compile_depends)
+
+    # Write out the compilation steps, if any.
+    link_deps = []
+    sources = extra_sources + spec.get('sources', [])
+    if sources:
+      if self.flavor == 'mac' and len(self.archs) > 1:
+        # Write subninja file containing compile and link commands scoped to
+        # a single arch if a fat binary is being built.
+        for arch in self.archs:
+          self.ninja.subninja(self._SubninjaNameForArch(arch))
+
+      pch = None
+      if self.flavor == 'win':
+        gyp.msvs_emulation.VerifyMissingSources(
+            sources, self.abs_build_dir, generator_flags, self.GypPathToNinja)
+        pch = gyp.msvs_emulation.PrecompiledHeader(
+            self.msvs_settings, config_name, self.GypPathToNinja,
+            self.GypPathToUniqueOutput, self.obj_ext)
+      else:
+        pch = gyp.xcode_emulation.MacPrefixHeader(
+            self.xcode_settings, self.GypPathToNinja,
+            lambda path, lang: self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(path + '-' + lang))
+      link_deps = self.WriteSources(
+          self.ninja, config_name, config, sources, compile_depends_stamp, pch,
+          spec)
+      # Some actions/rules output 'sources' that are already object files.
+      obj_outputs = [f for f in sources if f.endswith(self.obj_ext)]
+      if obj_outputs:
+        if self.flavor != 'mac' or len(self.archs) == 1:
+          link_deps += [self.GypPathToNinja(o) for o in obj_outputs]
+        else:
+          print "Warning: Actions/rules writing object files don't work with " \
+                "multiarch targets, dropping. (target %s)" % spec['target_name']
+    elif self.flavor == 'mac' and len(self.archs) > 1:
+      link_deps = collections.defaultdict(list)
+
+
+    if self.flavor == 'win' and self.target.type == 'static_library':
+      self.target.component_objs = link_deps
+
+    # Write out a link step, if needed.
+    output = None
+    is_empty_bundle = not link_deps and not mac_bundle_depends
+    if link_deps or self.target.actions_stamp or actions_depends:
+      output = self.WriteTarget(spec, config_name, config, link_deps,
+                                self.target.actions_stamp or actions_depends)
+      if self.is_mac_bundle:
+        mac_bundle_depends.append(output)
+
+    # Bundle all of the above together, if needed.
+    if self.is_mac_bundle:
+      output = self.WriteMacBundle(spec, mac_bundle_depends, is_empty_bundle)
+
+    if not output:
+      return None
+
+    assert self.target.FinalOutput(), output
+    return self.target
+
+  def _WinIdlRule(self, source, prebuild, outputs):
+    """Handle the implicit VS .idl rule for one source file. Fills |outputs|
+    with files that are generated."""
+    outdir, output, vars, flags = self.msvs_settings.GetIdlBuildData(
+        source, self.config_name)
+    outdir = self.GypPathToNinja(outdir)
+    def fix_path(path, rel=None):
+      path = os.path.join(outdir, path)
+      dirname, basename = os.path.split(source)
+      root, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+      path = self.ExpandRuleVariables(
+          path, root, dirname, source, ext, basename)
+      if rel:
+        path = os.path.relpath(path, rel)
+      return path
+    vars = [(name, fix_path(value, outdir)) for name, value in vars]
+    output = [fix_path(p) for p in output]
+    vars.append(('outdir', outdir))
+    vars.append(('idlflags', flags))
+    input = self.GypPathToNinja(source)
+    self.ninja.build(output, 'idl', input,
+        variables=vars, order_only=prebuild)
+    outputs.extend(output)
+
+  def WriteWinIdlFiles(self, spec, prebuild):
+    """Writes rules to match MSVS's implicit idl handling."""
+    assert self.flavor == 'win'
+    if self.msvs_settings.HasExplicitIdlRules(spec):
+      return []
+    outputs = []
+    for source in filter(lambda x: x.endswith('.idl'), spec['sources']):
+      self._WinIdlRule(source, prebuild, outputs)
+    return outputs
+
+  def WriteActionsRulesCopies(self, spec, extra_sources, prebuild,
+                              mac_bundle_depends):
+    """Write out the Actions, Rules, and Copies steps.  Return a path
+    representing the outputs of these steps."""
+    outputs = []
+    if self.is_mac_bundle:
+      mac_bundle_resources = spec.get('mac_bundle_resources', [])[:]
+    else:
+      mac_bundle_resources = []
+    extra_mac_bundle_resources = []
+
+    if 'actions' in spec:
+      outputs += self.WriteActions(spec['actions'], extra_sources, prebuild,
+                                   extra_mac_bundle_resources)
+    if 'rules' in spec:
+      outputs += self.WriteRules(spec['rules'], extra_sources, prebuild,
+                                 mac_bundle_resources,
+                                 extra_mac_bundle_resources)
+    if 'copies' in spec:
+      outputs += self.WriteCopies(spec['copies'], prebuild, mac_bundle_depends)
+
+    if 'sources' in spec and self.flavor == 'win':
+      outputs += self.WriteWinIdlFiles(spec, prebuild)
+
+    stamp = self.WriteCollapsedDependencies('actions_rules_copies', outputs)
+
+    if self.is_mac_bundle:
+      self.WriteMacBundleResources(
+          extra_mac_bundle_resources + mac_bundle_resources, mac_bundle_depends)
+      self.WriteMacInfoPlist(mac_bundle_depends)
+
+    return stamp
+
+  def GenerateDescription(self, verb, message, fallback):
+    """Generate and return a description of a build step.
+
+    |verb| is the short summary, e.g. ACTION or RULE.
+    |message| is a hand-written description, or None if not available.
+    |fallback| is the gyp-level name of the step, usable as a fallback.
+    """
+    if self.toolset != 'target':
+      verb += '(%s)' % self.toolset
+    if message:
+      return '%s %s' % (verb, self.ExpandSpecial(message))
+    else:
+      return '%s %s: %s' % (verb, self.name, fallback)
+
+  def WriteActions(self, actions, extra_sources, prebuild,
+                   extra_mac_bundle_resources):
+    # Actions cd into the base directory.
+    env = self.GetSortedXcodeEnv()
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      env = self.msvs_settings.GetVSMacroEnv(
+          '$!PRODUCT_DIR', config=self.config_name)
+    all_outputs = []
+    for action in actions:
+      # First write out a rule for the action.
+      name = '%s_%s' % (action['action_name'],
+                        hashlib.md5(self.qualified_target).hexdigest())
+      description = self.GenerateDescription('ACTION',
+                                             action.get('message', None),
+                                             name)
+      is_cygwin = (self.msvs_settings.IsRuleRunUnderCygwin(action)
+                   if self.flavor == 'win' else False)
+      args = action['action']
+      rule_name, _ = self.WriteNewNinjaRule(name, args, description,
+                                            is_cygwin, env=env)
+
+      inputs = [self.GypPathToNinja(i, env) for i in action['inputs']]
+      if int(action.get('process_outputs_as_sources', False)):
+        extra_sources += action['outputs']
+      if int(action.get('process_outputs_as_mac_bundle_resources', False)):
+        extra_mac_bundle_resources += action['outputs']
+      outputs = [self.GypPathToNinja(o, env) for o in action['outputs']]
+
+      # Then write out an edge using the rule.
+      self.ninja.build(outputs, rule_name, inputs,
+                       order_only=prebuild)
+      all_outputs += outputs
+
+      self.ninja.newline()
+
+    return all_outputs
+
+  def WriteRules(self, rules, extra_sources, prebuild,
+                 mac_bundle_resources, extra_mac_bundle_resources):
+    env = self.GetSortedXcodeEnv()
+    all_outputs = []
+    for rule in rules:
+      # First write out a rule for the rule action.
+      name = '%s_%s' % (rule['rule_name'],
+                        hashlib.md5(self.qualified_target).hexdigest())
+      # Skip a rule with no action and no inputs.
+      if 'action' not in rule and not rule.get('rule_sources', []):
+        continue
+      args = rule['action']
+      description = self.GenerateDescription(
+          'RULE',
+          rule.get('message', None),
+          ('%s ' + generator_default_variables['RULE_INPUT_PATH']) % name)
+      is_cygwin = (self.msvs_settings.IsRuleRunUnderCygwin(rule)
+                   if self.flavor == 'win' else False)
+      rule_name, args = self.WriteNewNinjaRule(
+          name, args, description, is_cygwin, env=env)
+
+      # TODO: if the command references the outputs directly, we should
+      # simplify it to just use $out.
+
+      # Rules can potentially make use of some special variables which
+      # must vary per source file.
+      # Compute the list of variables we'll need to provide.
+      special_locals = ('source', 'root', 'dirname', 'ext', 'name')
+      needed_variables = set(['source'])
+      for argument in args:
+        for var in special_locals:
+          if ('${%s}' % var) in argument:
+            needed_variables.add(var)
+
+      def cygwin_munge(path):
+        if is_cygwin:
+          return path.replace('\\', '/')
+        return path
+
+      # For each source file, write an edge that generates all the outputs.
+      for source in rule.get('rule_sources', []):
+        source = os.path.normpath(source)
+        dirname, basename = os.path.split(source)
+        root, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+
+        # Gather the list of inputs and outputs, expanding $vars if possible.
+        outputs = [self.ExpandRuleVariables(o, root, dirname,
+                                            source, ext, basename)
+                   for o in rule['outputs']]
+        inputs = [self.ExpandRuleVariables(i, root, dirname,
+                                           source, ext, basename)
+                  for i in rule.get('inputs', [])]
+
+        if int(rule.get('process_outputs_as_sources', False)):
+          extra_sources += outputs
+
+        was_mac_bundle_resource = source in mac_bundle_resources
+        if was_mac_bundle_resource or \
+            int(rule.get('process_outputs_as_mac_bundle_resources', False)):
+          extra_mac_bundle_resources += outputs
+          # Note: This is n_resources * n_outputs_in_rule.  Put to-be-removed
+          # items in a set and remove them all in a single pass if this becomes
+          # a performance issue.
+          if was_mac_bundle_resource:
+            mac_bundle_resources.remove(source)
+
+        extra_bindings = []
+        for var in needed_variables:
+          if var == 'root':
+            extra_bindings.append(('root', cygwin_munge(root)))
+          elif var == 'dirname':
+            # '$dirname' is a parameter to the rule action, which means
+            # it shouldn't be converted to a Ninja path.  But we don't
+            # want $!PRODUCT_DIR in there either.
+            dirname_expanded = self.ExpandSpecial(dirname, self.base_to_build)
+            extra_bindings.append(('dirname', cygwin_munge(dirname_expanded)))
+          elif var == 'source':
+            # '$source' is a parameter to the rule action, which means
+            # it shouldn't be converted to a Ninja path.  But we don't
+            # want $!PRODUCT_DIR in there either.
+            source_expanded = self.ExpandSpecial(source, self.base_to_build)
+            extra_bindings.append(('source', cygwin_munge(source_expanded)))
+          elif var == 'ext':
+            extra_bindings.append(('ext', ext))
+          elif var == 'name':
+            extra_bindings.append(('name', cygwin_munge(basename)))
+          else:
+            assert var == None, repr(var)
+
+        inputs = [self.GypPathToNinja(i, env) for i in inputs]
+        outputs = [self.GypPathToNinja(o, env) for o in outputs]
+        extra_bindings.append(('unique_name',
+            hashlib.md5(outputs[0]).hexdigest()))
+        self.ninja.build(outputs, rule_name, self.GypPathToNinja(source),
+                         implicit=inputs,
+                         order_only=prebuild,
+                         variables=extra_bindings)
+
+        all_outputs.extend(outputs)
+
+    return all_outputs
+
+  def WriteCopies(self, copies, prebuild, mac_bundle_depends):
+    outputs = []
+    env = self.GetSortedXcodeEnv()
+    for copy in copies:
+      for path in copy['files']:
+        # Normalize the path so trailing slashes don't confuse us.
+        path = os.path.normpath(path)
+        basename = os.path.split(path)[1]
+        src = self.GypPathToNinja(path, env)
+        dst = self.GypPathToNinja(os.path.join(copy['destination'], basename),
+                                  env)
+        outputs += self.ninja.build(dst, 'copy', src, order_only=prebuild)
+        if self.is_mac_bundle:
+          # gyp has mac_bundle_resources to copy things into a bundle's
+          # Resources folder, but there's no built-in way to copy files to other
+          # places in the bundle. Hence, some targets use copies for this. Check
+          # if this file is copied into the current bundle, and if so add it to
+          # the bundle depends so that dependent targets get rebuilt if the copy
+          # input changes.
+          if dst.startswith(self.xcode_settings.GetBundleContentsFolderPath()):
+            mac_bundle_depends.append(dst)
+
+    return outputs
+
+  def WriteMacBundleResources(self, resources, bundle_depends):
+    """Writes ninja edges for 'mac_bundle_resources'."""
+    for output, res in gyp.xcode_emulation.GetMacBundleResources(
+        generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR'],
+        self.xcode_settings, map(self.GypPathToNinja, resources)):
+      output = self.ExpandSpecial(output)
+      self.ninja.build(output, 'mac_tool', res,
+                       variables=[('mactool_cmd', 'copy-bundle-resource')])
+      bundle_depends.append(output)
+
+  def WriteMacInfoPlist(self, bundle_depends):
+    """Write build rules for bundle Info.plist files."""
+    info_plist, out, defines, extra_env = gyp.xcode_emulation.GetMacInfoPlist(
+        generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR'],
+        self.xcode_settings, self.GypPathToNinja)
+    if not info_plist:
+      return
+    out = self.ExpandSpecial(out)
+    if defines:
+      # Create an intermediate file to store preprocessed results.
+      intermediate_plist = self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(
+          os.path.basename(info_plist))
+      defines = ' '.join([Define(d, self.flavor) for d in defines])
+      info_plist = self.ninja.build(
+          intermediate_plist, 'preprocess_infoplist', info_plist,
+          variables=[('defines',defines)])
+
+    env = self.GetSortedXcodeEnv(additional_settings=extra_env)
+    env = self.ComputeExportEnvString(env)
+
+    keys = self.xcode_settings.GetExtraPlistItems(self.config_name)
+    keys = QuoteShellArgument(json.dumps(keys), self.flavor)
+    self.ninja.build(out, 'copy_infoplist', info_plist,
+                     variables=[('env', env), ('keys', keys)])
+    bundle_depends.append(out)
+
+  def WriteSources(self, ninja_file, config_name, config, sources, predepends,
+                   precompiled_header, spec):
+    """Write build rules to compile all of |sources|."""
+    if self.toolset == 'host':
+      self.ninja.variable('ar', '$ar_host')
+      self.ninja.variable('cc', '$cc_host')
+      self.ninja.variable('cxx', '$cxx_host')
+      self.ninja.variable('ld', '$ld_host')
+      self.ninja.variable('ldxx', '$ldxx_host')
+
+    if self.flavor != 'mac' or len(self.archs) == 1:
+      return self.WriteSourcesForArch(
+          self.ninja, config_name, config, sources, predepends,
+          precompiled_header, spec)
+    else:
+      return dict((arch, self.WriteSourcesForArch(
+            self.arch_subninjas[arch], config_name, config, sources, predepends,
+            precompiled_header, spec, arch=arch))
+          for arch in self.archs)
+
+  def WriteSourcesForArch(self, ninja_file, config_name, config, sources,
+                          predepends, precompiled_header, spec, arch=None):
+    """Write build rules to compile all of |sources|."""
+
+    extra_defines = []
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      cflags = self.xcode_settings.GetCflags(config_name, arch=arch)
+      cflags_c = self.xcode_settings.GetCflagsC(config_name)
+      cflags_cc = self.xcode_settings.GetCflagsCC(config_name)
+      cflags_objc = ['$cflags_c'] + \
+                    self.xcode_settings.GetCflagsObjC(config_name)
+      cflags_objcc = ['$cflags_cc'] + \
+                     self.xcode_settings.GetCflagsObjCC(config_name)
+    elif self.flavor == 'win':
+      cflags = self.msvs_settings.GetCflags(config_name)
+      cflags_c = self.msvs_settings.GetCflagsC(config_name)
+      cflags_cc = self.msvs_settings.GetCflagsCC(config_name)
+      extra_defines = self.msvs_settings.GetComputedDefines(config_name)
+      # See comment at cc_command for why there's two .pdb files.
+      pdbpath_c = pdbpath_cc = self.msvs_settings.GetCompilerPdbName(
+          config_name, self.ExpandSpecial)
+      if not pdbpath_c:
+        obj = 'obj'
+        if self.toolset != 'target':
+          obj += '.' + self.toolset
+        pdbpath = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(obj, self.base_dir, self.name))
+        pdbpath_c = pdbpath + '.c.pdb'
+        pdbpath_cc = pdbpath + '.cc.pdb'
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'pdbname_c', [pdbpath_c])
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'pdbname_cc', [pdbpath_cc])
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'pchprefix', [self.name])
+    else:
+      cflags = config.get('cflags', [])
+      cflags_c = config.get('cflags_c', [])
+      cflags_cc = config.get('cflags_cc', [])
+
+    # Respect environment variables related to build, but target-specific
+    # flags can still override them.
+    if self.toolset == 'target':
+      cflags_c = (os.environ.get('CPPFLAGS', '').split() +
+                  os.environ.get('CFLAGS', '').split() + cflags_c)
+      cflags_cc = (os.environ.get('CPPFLAGS', '').split() +
+                   os.environ.get('CXXFLAGS', '').split() + cflags_cc)
+
+    defines = config.get('defines', []) + extra_defines
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'defines',
+                           [Define(d, self.flavor) for d in defines])
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'rcflags',
+          [QuoteShellArgument(self.ExpandSpecial(f), self.flavor)
+           for f in self.msvs_settings.GetRcflags(config_name,
+                                                  self.GypPathToNinja)])
+
+    include_dirs = config.get('include_dirs', [])
+    env = self.GetSortedXcodeEnv()
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      env = self.msvs_settings.GetVSMacroEnv('$!PRODUCT_DIR',
+                                             config=config_name)
+      include_dirs = self.msvs_settings.AdjustIncludeDirs(include_dirs,
+                                                          config_name)
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'includes',
+        [QuoteShellArgument('-I' + self.GypPathToNinja(i, env), self.flavor)
+         for i in include_dirs])
+
+    pch_commands = precompiled_header.GetPchBuildCommands(arch)
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      # Most targets use no precompiled headers, so only write these if needed.
+      for ext, var in [('c', 'cflags_pch_c'), ('cc', 'cflags_pch_cc'),
+                       ('m', 'cflags_pch_objc'), ('mm', 'cflags_pch_objcc')]:
+        include = precompiled_header.GetInclude(ext, arch)
+        if include: ninja_file.variable(var, include)
+
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'cflags',
+                           map(self.ExpandSpecial, cflags))
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'cflags_c',
+                           map(self.ExpandSpecial, cflags_c))
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'cflags_cc',
+                           map(self.ExpandSpecial, cflags_cc))
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'cflags_objc',
+                             map(self.ExpandSpecial, cflags_objc))
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'cflags_objcc',
+                             map(self.ExpandSpecial, cflags_objcc))
+    ninja_file.newline()
+    outputs = []
+    has_rc_source = False
+    for source in sources:
+      filename, ext = os.path.splitext(source)
+      ext = ext[1:]
+      obj_ext = self.obj_ext
+      if ext in ('cc', 'cpp', 'cxx'):
+        command = 'cxx'
+        self.uses_cpp = True
+      elif ext == 'c' or (ext == 'S' and self.flavor != 'win'):
+        command = 'cc'
+      elif ext == 's' and self.flavor != 'win':  # Doesn't generate .o.d files.
+        command = 'cc_s'
+      elif (self.flavor == 'win' and ext == 'asm' and
+            self.msvs_settings.GetArch(config_name) == 'x86' and
+            not self.msvs_settings.HasExplicitAsmRules(spec)):
+        # Asm files only get auto assembled for x86 (not x64).
+        command = 'asm'
+        # Add the _asm suffix as msvs is capable of handling .cc and
+        # .asm files of the same name without collision.
+        obj_ext = '_asm.obj'
+      elif self.flavor == 'mac' and ext == 'm':
+        command = 'objc'
+      elif self.flavor == 'mac' and ext == 'mm':
+        command = 'objcxx'
+        self.uses_cpp = True
+      elif self.flavor == 'win' and ext == 'rc':
+        command = 'rc'
+        obj_ext = '.res'
+        has_rc_source = True
+      else:
+        # Ignore unhandled extensions.
+        continue
+      input = self.GypPathToNinja(source)
+      output = self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(filename + obj_ext)
+      if arch is not None:
+        output = AddArch(output, arch)
+      implicit = precompiled_header.GetObjDependencies([input], [output], arch)
+      variables = []
+      if self.flavor == 'win':
+        variables, output, implicit = precompiled_header.GetFlagsModifications(
+            input, output, implicit, command, cflags_c, cflags_cc,
+            self.ExpandSpecial)
+      ninja_file.build(output, command, input,
+                       implicit=[gch for _, _, gch in implicit],
+                       order_only=predepends, variables=variables)
+      outputs.append(output)
+
+    if has_rc_source:
+      resource_include_dirs = config.get('resource_include_dirs', include_dirs)
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'resource_includes',
+          [QuoteShellArgument('-I' + self.GypPathToNinja(i, env), self.flavor)
+           for i in resource_include_dirs])
+
+    self.WritePchTargets(ninja_file, pch_commands)
+
+    ninja_file.newline()
+    return outputs
+
+  def WritePchTargets(self, ninja_file, pch_commands):
+    """Writes ninja rules to compile prefix headers."""
+    if not pch_commands:
+      return
+
+    for gch, lang_flag, lang, input in pch_commands:
+      var_name = {
+        'c': 'cflags_pch_c',
+        'cc': 'cflags_pch_cc',
+        'm': 'cflags_pch_objc',
+        'mm': 'cflags_pch_objcc',
+      }[lang]
+
+      map = { 'c': 'cc', 'cc': 'cxx', 'm': 'objc', 'mm': 'objcxx', }
+      cmd = map.get(lang)
+      ninja_file.build(gch, cmd, input, variables=[(var_name, lang_flag)])
+
+  def WriteLink(self, spec, config_name, config, link_deps):
+    """Write out a link step. Fills out target.binary. """
+    if self.flavor != 'mac' or len(self.archs) == 1:
+      return self.WriteLinkForArch(
+          self.ninja, spec, config_name, config, link_deps)
+    else:
+      output = self.ComputeOutput(spec)
+      inputs = [self.WriteLinkForArch(self.arch_subninjas[arch], spec,
+                                      config_name, config, link_deps[arch],
+                                      arch=arch)
+                for arch in self.archs]
+      extra_bindings = []
+      if not self.is_mac_bundle:
+        self.AppendPostbuildVariable(extra_bindings, spec, output, output)
+      self.ninja.build(output, 'lipo', inputs, variables=extra_bindings)
+      return output
+
+  def WriteLinkForArch(self, ninja_file, spec, config_name, config,
+                       link_deps, arch=None):
+    """Write out a link step. Fills out target.binary. """
+    command = {
+      'executable':      'link',
+      'loadable_module': 'solink_module',
+      'shared_library':  'solink',
+    }[spec['type']]
+    command_suffix = ''
+
+    implicit_deps = set()
+    solibs = set()
+
+    if 'dependencies' in spec:
+      # Two kinds of dependencies:
+      # - Linkable dependencies (like a .a or a .so): add them to the link line.
+      # - Non-linkable dependencies (like a rule that generates a file
+      #   and writes a stamp file): add them to implicit_deps
+      extra_link_deps = set()
+      for dep in spec['dependencies']:
+        target = self.target_outputs.get(dep)
+        if not target:
+          continue
+        linkable = target.Linkable()
+        if linkable:
+          new_deps = []
+          if (self.flavor == 'win' and
+              target.component_objs and
+              self.msvs_settings.IsUseLibraryDependencyInputs(config_name)):
+            new_deps = target.component_objs
+          elif self.flavor == 'win' and target.import_lib:
+            new_deps = [target.import_lib]
+          elif target.UsesToc(self.flavor):
+            solibs.add(target.binary)
+            implicit_deps.add(target.binary + '.TOC')
+          else:
+            new_deps = [target.binary]
+          for new_dep in new_deps:
+            if new_dep not in extra_link_deps:
+              extra_link_deps.add(new_dep)
+              link_deps.append(new_dep)
+
+        final_output = target.FinalOutput()
+        if not linkable or final_output != target.binary:
+          implicit_deps.add(final_output)
+
+    extra_bindings = []
+    if self.uses_cpp and self.flavor != 'win':
+      extra_bindings.append(('ld', '$ldxx'))
+
+    output = self.ComputeOutput(spec, arch)
+    if arch is None and not self.is_mac_bundle:
+      self.AppendPostbuildVariable(extra_bindings, spec, output, output)
+
+    is_executable = spec['type'] == 'executable'
+    # The ldflags config key is not used on mac or win. On those platforms
+    # linker flags are set via xcode_settings and msvs_settings, respectively.
+    env_ldflags = os.environ.get('LDFLAGS', '').split()
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      ldflags = self.xcode_settings.GetLdflags(config_name,
+          self.ExpandSpecial(generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR']),
+          self.GypPathToNinja, arch)
+      ldflags = env_ldflags + ldflags
+    elif self.flavor == 'win':
+      manifest_base_name = self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(
+          self.ComputeOutputFileName(spec))
+      ldflags, intermediate_manifest, manifest_files = \
+          self.msvs_settings.GetLdflags(config_name, self.GypPathToNinja,
+                                        self.ExpandSpecial, manifest_base_name,
+                                        output, is_executable,
+                                        self.toplevel_build)
+      ldflags = env_ldflags + ldflags
+      self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'manifests', manifest_files)
+      implicit_deps = implicit_deps.union(manifest_files)
+      if intermediate_manifest:
+        self.WriteVariableList(
+            ninja_file, 'intermediatemanifest', [intermediate_manifest])
+      command_suffix = _GetWinLinkRuleNameSuffix(
+          self.msvs_settings.IsEmbedManifest(config_name))
+      def_file = self.msvs_settings.GetDefFile(self.GypPathToNinja)
+      if def_file:
+        implicit_deps.add(def_file)
+    else:
+      # Respect environment variables related to build, but target-specific
+      # flags can still override them.
+      ldflags = env_ldflags + config.get('ldflags', [])
+      if is_executable and len(solibs):
+        rpath = 'lib/'
+        if self.toolset != 'target':
+          rpath += self.toolset
+        ldflags.append('-Wl,-rpath=\$$ORIGIN/%s' % rpath)
+        ldflags.append('-Wl,-rpath-link=%s' % rpath)
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'ldflags',
+                           gyp.common.uniquer(map(self.ExpandSpecial, ldflags)))
+
+    library_dirs = config.get('library_dirs', [])
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      library_dirs = [self.msvs_settings.ConvertVSMacros(l, config_name)
+                      for l in library_dirs]
+      library_dirs = ['/LIBPATH:' + QuoteShellArgument(self.GypPathToNinja(l),
+                                                       self.flavor)
+                      for l in library_dirs]
+    else:
+      library_dirs = [QuoteShellArgument('-L' + self.GypPathToNinja(l),
+                                         self.flavor)
+                      for l in library_dirs]
+
+    libraries = gyp.common.uniquer(map(self.ExpandSpecial,
+                                       spec.get('libraries', [])))
+    if self.flavor == 'mac':
+      libraries = self.xcode_settings.AdjustLibraries(libraries, config_name)
+    elif self.flavor == 'win':
+      libraries = self.msvs_settings.AdjustLibraries(libraries)
+
+    self.WriteVariableList(ninja_file, 'libs', library_dirs + libraries)
+
+    linked_binary = output
+
+    if command in ('solink', 'solink_module'):
+      extra_bindings.append(('soname', os.path.split(output)[1]))
+      extra_bindings.append(('lib',
+                            gyp.common.EncodePOSIXShellArgument(output)))
+      if self.flavor == 'win':
+        extra_bindings.append(('binary', output))
+        if '/NOENTRY' not in ldflags:
+          self.target.import_lib = output + '.lib'
+          extra_bindings.append(('implibflag',
+                                 '/IMPLIB:%s' % self.target.import_lib))
+          pdbname = self.msvs_settings.GetPDBName(
+              config_name, self.ExpandSpecial, output + '.pdb')
+          output = [output, self.target.import_lib]
+          if pdbname:
+            output.append(pdbname)
+      elif not self.is_mac_bundle:
+        output = [output, output + '.TOC']
+      else:
+        command = command + '_notoc'
+    elif self.flavor == 'win':
+      extra_bindings.append(('binary', output))
+      pdbname = self.msvs_settings.GetPDBName(
+          config_name, self.ExpandSpecial, output + '.pdb')
+      if pdbname:
+        output = [output, pdbname]
+
+
+    if len(solibs):
+      extra_bindings.append(('solibs', gyp.common.EncodePOSIXShellList(solibs)))
+
+    ninja_file.build(output, command + command_suffix, link_deps,
+                     implicit=list(implicit_deps),
+                     variables=extra_bindings)
+    return linked_binary
+
+  def WriteTarget(self, spec, config_name, config, link_deps, compile_deps):
+    extra_link_deps = any(self.target_outputs.get(dep).Linkable()
+                          for dep in spec.get('dependencies', [])
+                          if dep in self.target_outputs)
+    if spec['type'] == 'none' or (not link_deps and not extra_link_deps):
+      # TODO(evan): don't call this function for 'none' target types, as
+      # it doesn't do anything, and we fake out a 'binary' with a stamp file.
+      self.target.binary = compile_deps
+      self.target.type = 'none'
+    elif spec['type'] == 'static_library':
+      self.target.binary = self.ComputeOutput(spec)
+      if (self.flavor not in ('mac', 'openbsd', 'win') and not
+          self.is_standalone_static_library):
+        self.ninja.build(self.target.binary, 'alink_thin', link_deps,
+                         order_only=compile_deps)
+      else:
+        variables = []
+        if self.xcode_settings:
+          libtool_flags = self.xcode_settings.GetLibtoolflags(config_name)
+          if libtool_flags:
+            variables.append(('libtool_flags', libtool_flags))
+        if self.msvs_settings:
+          libflags = self.msvs_settings.GetLibFlags(config_name,
+                                                    self.GypPathToNinja)
+          variables.append(('libflags', libflags))
+
+        if self.flavor != 'mac' or len(self.archs) == 1:
+          self.AppendPostbuildVariable(variables, spec,
+                                       self.target.binary, self.target.binary)
+          self.ninja.build(self.target.binary, 'alink', link_deps,
+                           order_only=compile_deps, variables=variables)
+        else:
+          inputs = []
+          for arch in self.archs:
+            output = self.ComputeOutput(spec, arch)
+            self.arch_subninjas[arch].build(output, 'alink', link_deps[arch],
+                                            order_only=compile_deps,
+                                            variables=variables)
+            inputs.append(output)
+          # TODO: It's not clear if libtool_flags should be passed to the alink
+          # call that combines single-arch .a files into a fat .a file.
+          self.AppendPostbuildVariable(variables, spec,
+                                       self.target.binary, self.target.binary)
+          self.ninja.build(self.target.binary, 'alink', inputs,
+                           # FIXME: test proving order_only=compile_deps isn't
+                           # needed.
+                           variables=variables)
+    else:
+      self.target.binary = self.WriteLink(spec, config_name, config, link_deps)
+    return self.target.binary
+
+  def WriteMacBundle(self, spec, mac_bundle_depends, is_empty):
+    assert self.is_mac_bundle
+    package_framework = spec['type'] in ('shared_library', 'loadable_module')
+    output = self.ComputeMacBundleOutput()
+    if is_empty:
+      output += '.stamp'
+    variables = []
+    self.AppendPostbuildVariable(variables, spec, output, self.target.binary,
+                                 is_command_start=not package_framework)
+    if package_framework and not is_empty:
+      variables.append(('version', self.xcode_settings.GetFrameworkVersion()))
+      self.ninja.build(output, 'package_framework', mac_bundle_depends,
+                       variables=variables)
+    else:
+      self.ninja.build(output, 'stamp', mac_bundle_depends,
+                       variables=variables)
+    self.target.bundle = output
+    return output
+
+  def GetSortedXcodeEnv(self, additional_settings=None):
+    """Returns the variables Xcode would set for build steps."""
+    assert self.abs_build_dir
+    abs_build_dir = self.abs_build_dir
+    return gyp.xcode_emulation.GetSortedXcodeEnv(
+        self.xcode_settings, abs_build_dir,
+        os.path.join(abs_build_dir, self.build_to_base), self.config_name,
+        additional_settings)
+
+  def GetSortedXcodePostbuildEnv(self):
+    """Returns the variables Xcode would set for postbuild steps."""
+    postbuild_settings = {}
+    # CHROMIUM_STRIP_SAVE_FILE is a chromium-specific hack.
+    # TODO(thakis): It would be nice to have some general mechanism instead.
+    strip_save_file = self.xcode_settings.GetPerTargetSetting(
+        'CHROMIUM_STRIP_SAVE_FILE')
+    if strip_save_file:
+      postbuild_settings['CHROMIUM_STRIP_SAVE_FILE'] = strip_save_file
+    return self.GetSortedXcodeEnv(additional_settings=postbuild_settings)
+
+  def AppendPostbuildVariable(self, variables, spec, output, binary,
+                              is_command_start=False):
+    """Adds a 'postbuild' variable if there is a postbuild for |output|."""
+    postbuild = self.GetPostbuildCommand(spec, output, binary, is_command_start)
+    if postbuild:
+      variables.append(('postbuilds', postbuild))
+
+  def GetPostbuildCommand(self, spec, output, output_binary, is_command_start):
+    """Returns a shell command that runs all the postbuilds, and removes
+    |output| if any of them fails. If |is_command_start| is False, then the
+    returned string will start with ' && '."""
+    if not self.xcode_settings or spec['type'] == 'none' or not output:
+      return ''
+    output = QuoteShellArgument(output, self.flavor)
+    postbuilds = gyp.xcode_emulation.GetSpecPostbuildCommands(spec, quiet=True)
+    if output_binary is not None:
+      postbuilds = self.xcode_settings.AddImplicitPostbuilds(
+          self.config_name,
+          os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.base_to_build, output)),
+          QuoteShellArgument(
+              os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.base_to_build, output_binary)),
+              self.flavor),
+          postbuilds, quiet=True)
+
+    if not postbuilds:
+      return ''
+    # Postbuilds expect to be run in the gyp file's directory, so insert an
+    # implicit postbuild to cd to there.
+    postbuilds.insert(0, gyp.common.EncodePOSIXShellList(
+        ['cd', self.build_to_base]))
+    env = self.ComputeExportEnvString(self.GetSortedXcodePostbuildEnv())
+    # G will be non-null if any postbuild fails. Run all postbuilds in a
+    # subshell.
+    commands = env + ' (' + \
+        ' && '.join([ninja_syntax.escape(command) for command in postbuilds])
+    command_string = (commands + '); G=$$?; '
+                      # Remove the final output if any postbuild failed.
+                      '((exit $$G) || rm -rf %s) ' % output + '&& exit $$G)')
+    if is_command_start:
+      return '(' + command_string + ' && '
+    else:
+      return '$ && (' + command_string
+
+  def ComputeExportEnvString(self, env):
+    """Given an environment, returns a string looking like
+        'export FOO=foo; export BAR="${FOO} bar;'
+    that exports |env| to the shell."""
+    export_str = []
+    for k, v in env:
+      export_str.append('export %s=%s;' %
+          (k, ninja_syntax.escape(gyp.common.EncodePOSIXShellArgument(v))))
+    return ' '.join(export_str)
+
+  def ComputeMacBundleOutput(self):
+    """Return the 'output' (full output path) to a bundle output directory."""
+    assert self.is_mac_bundle
+    path = generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR']
+    return self.ExpandSpecial(
+        os.path.join(path, self.xcode_settings.GetWrapperName()))
+
+  def ComputeOutputFileName(self, spec, type=None):
+    """Compute the filename of the final output for the current target."""
+    if not type:
+      type = spec['type']
+
+    default_variables = copy.copy(generator_default_variables)
+    CalculateVariables(default_variables, {'flavor': self.flavor})
+
+    # Compute filename prefix: the product prefix, or a default for
+    # the product type.
+    DEFAULT_PREFIX = {
+      'loadable_module': default_variables['SHARED_LIB_PREFIX'],
+      'shared_library': default_variables['SHARED_LIB_PREFIX'],
+      'static_library': default_variables['STATIC_LIB_PREFIX'],
+      'executable': default_variables['EXECUTABLE_PREFIX'],
+      }
+    prefix = spec.get('product_prefix', DEFAULT_PREFIX.get(type, ''))
+
+    # Compute filename extension: the product extension, or a default
+    # for the product type.
+    DEFAULT_EXTENSION = {
+        'loadable_module': default_variables['SHARED_LIB_SUFFIX'],
+        'shared_library': default_variables['SHARED_LIB_SUFFIX'],
+        'static_library': default_variables['STATIC_LIB_SUFFIX'],
+        'executable': default_variables['EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX'],
+      }
+    extension = spec.get('product_extension')
+    if extension:
+      extension = '.' + extension
+    else:
+      extension = DEFAULT_EXTENSION.get(type, '')
+
+    if 'product_name' in spec:
+      # If we were given an explicit name, use that.
+      target = spec['product_name']
+    else:
+      # Otherwise, derive a name from the target name.
+      target = spec['target_name']
+      if prefix == 'lib':
+        # Snip out an extra 'lib' from libs if appropriate.
+        target = StripPrefix(target, 'lib')
+
+    if type in ('static_library', 'loadable_module', 'shared_library',
+                        'executable'):
+      return '%s%s%s' % (prefix, target, extension)
+    elif type == 'none':
+      return '%s.stamp' % target
+    else:
+      raise Exception('Unhandled output type %s' % type)
+
+  def ComputeOutput(self, spec, arch=None):
+    """Compute the path for the final output of the spec."""
+    type = spec['type']
+
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      override = self.msvs_settings.GetOutputName(self.config_name,
+                                                  self.ExpandSpecial)
+      if override:
+        return override
+
+    if arch is None and self.flavor == 'mac' and type in (
+        'static_library', 'executable', 'shared_library', 'loadable_module'):
+      filename = self.xcode_settings.GetExecutablePath()
+    else:
+      filename = self.ComputeOutputFileName(spec, type)
+
+    if arch is None and 'product_dir' in spec:
+      path = os.path.join(spec['product_dir'], filename)
+      return self.ExpandSpecial(path)
+
+    # Some products go into the output root, libraries go into shared library
+    # dir, and everything else goes into the normal place.
+    type_in_output_root = ['executable', 'loadable_module']
+    if self.flavor == 'mac' and self.toolset == 'target':
+      type_in_output_root += ['shared_library', 'static_library']
+    elif self.flavor == 'win' and self.toolset == 'target':
+      type_in_output_root += ['shared_library']
+
+    if arch is not None:
+      # Make sure partial executables don't end up in a bundle or the regular
+      # output directory.
+      archdir = 'arch'
+      if self.toolset != 'target':
+        archdir = os.path.join('arch', '%s' % self.toolset)
+      return os.path.join(archdir, AddArch(filename, arch))
+    elif type in type_in_output_root or self.is_standalone_static_library:
+      return filename
+    elif type == 'shared_library':
+      libdir = 'lib'
+      if self.toolset != 'target':
+        libdir = os.path.join('lib', '%s' % self.toolset)
+      return os.path.join(libdir, filename)
+    else:
+      return self.GypPathToUniqueOutput(filename, qualified=False)
+
+  def WriteVariableList(self, ninja_file, var, values):
+    assert not isinstance(values, str)
+    if values is None:
+      values = []
+    ninja_file.variable(var, ' '.join(values))
+
+  def WriteNewNinjaRule(self, name, args, description, is_cygwin, env):
+    """Write out a new ninja "rule" statement for a given command.
+
+    Returns the name of the new rule, and a copy of |args| with variables
+    expanded."""
+
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      args = [self.msvs_settings.ConvertVSMacros(
+                  arg, self.base_to_build, config=self.config_name)
+              for arg in args]
+      description = self.msvs_settings.ConvertVSMacros(
+          description, config=self.config_name)
+    elif self.flavor == 'mac':
+      # |env| is an empty list on non-mac.
+      args = [gyp.xcode_emulation.ExpandEnvVars(arg, env) for arg in args]
+      description = gyp.xcode_emulation.ExpandEnvVars(description, env)
+
+    # TODO: we shouldn't need to qualify names; we do it because
+    # currently the ninja rule namespace is global, but it really
+    # should be scoped to the subninja.
+    rule_name = self.name
+    if self.toolset == 'target':
+      rule_name += '.' + self.toolset
+    rule_name += '.' + name
+    rule_name = re.sub('[^a-zA-Z0-9_]', '_', rule_name)
+
+    # Remove variable references, but not if they refer to the magic rule
+    # variables.  This is not quite right, as it also protects these for
+    # actions, not just for rules where they are valid. Good enough.
+    protect = [ '${root}', '${dirname}', '${source}', '${ext}', '${name}' ]
+    protect = '(?!' + '|'.join(map(re.escape, protect)) + ')'
+    description = re.sub(protect + r'\$', '_', description)
+
+    # gyp dictates that commands are run from the base directory.
+    # cd into the directory before running, and adjust paths in
+    # the arguments to point to the proper locations.
+    rspfile = None
+    rspfile_content = None
+    args = [self.ExpandSpecial(arg, self.base_to_build) for arg in args]
+    if self.flavor == 'win':
+      rspfile = rule_name + '.$unique_name.rsp'
+      # The cygwin case handles this inside the bash sub-shell.
+      run_in = '' if is_cygwin else ' ' + self.build_to_base
+      if is_cygwin:
+        rspfile_content = self.msvs_settings.BuildCygwinBashCommandLine(
+            args, self.build_to_base)
+      else:
+        rspfile_content = gyp.msvs_emulation.EncodeRspFileList(args)
+      command = ('%s gyp-win-tool action-wrapper $arch ' % sys.executable +
+                 rspfile + run_in)
+    else:
+      env = self.ComputeExportEnvString(env)
+      command = gyp.common.EncodePOSIXShellList(args)
+      command = 'cd %s; ' % self.build_to_base + env + command
+
+    # GYP rules/actions express being no-ops by not touching their outputs.
+    # Avoid executing downstream dependencies in this case by specifying
+    # restat=1 to ninja.
+    self.ninja.rule(rule_name, command, description, restat=True,
+                    rspfile=rspfile, rspfile_content=rspfile_content)
+    self.ninja.newline()
+
+    return rule_name, args
+
+
+def CalculateVariables(default_variables, params):
+  """Calculate additional variables for use in the build (called by gyp)."""
+  global generator_additional_non_configuration_keys
+  global generator_additional_path_sections
+  flavor = gyp.common.GetFlavor(params)
+  if flavor == 'mac':
+    default_variables.setdefault('OS', 'mac')
+    default_variables.setdefault('SHARED_LIB_SUFFIX', '.dylib')
+    default_variables.setdefault('SHARED_LIB_DIR',
+                                 generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR'])
+    default_variables.setdefault('LIB_DIR',
+                                 generator_default_variables['PRODUCT_DIR'])
+
+    # Copy additional generator configuration data from Xcode, which is shared
+    # by the Mac Ninja generator.
+    import gyp.generator.xcode as xcode_generator
+    generator_additional_non_configuration_keys = getattr(xcode_generator,
+        'generator_additional_non_configuration_keys', [])
+    generator_additional_path_sections = getattr(xcode_generator,
+        'generator_additional_path_sections', [])
+    global generator_extra_sources_for_rules
+    generator_extra_sources_for_rules = getattr(xcode_generator,
+        'generator_extra_sources_for_rules', [])
+  elif flavor == 'win':
+    default_variables.setdefault('OS', 'win')
+    default_variables['EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX'] = '.exe'
+    default_variables['STATIC_LIB_PREFIX'] = ''
+    default_variables['STATIC_LIB_SUFFIX'] = '.lib'
+    default_variables['SHARED_LIB_PREFIX'] = ''
+    default_variables['SHARED_LIB_SUFFIX'] = '.dll'
+
+    # Copy additional generator configuration data from VS, which is shared
+    # by the Windows Ninja generator.
+    import gyp.generator.msvs as msvs_generator
+    generator_additional_non_configuration_keys = getattr(msvs_generator,
+        'generator_additional_non_configuration_keys', [])
+    generator_additional_path_sections = getattr(msvs_generator,
+        'generator_additional_path_sections', [])
+
+    gyp.msvs_emulation.CalculateCommonVariables(default_variables, params)
+  else:
+    operating_system = flavor
+    if flavor == 'android':
+      operating_system = 'linux'  # Keep this legacy behavior for now.
+    default_variables.setdefault('OS', operating_system)
+    default_variables.setdefault('SHARED_LIB_SUFFIX', '.so')
+    default_variables.setdefault('SHARED_LIB_DIR',
+                                 os.path.join('$!PRODUCT_DIR', 'lib'))
+    default_variables.setdefault('LIB_DIR',
+                                 os.path.join('$!PRODUCT_DIR', 'obj'))
+
+def ComputeOutputDir(params):
+  """Returns the path from the toplevel_dir to the build output directory."""
+  # generator_dir: relative path from pwd to where make puts build files.
+  # Makes migrating from make to ninja easier, ninja doesn't put anything here.
+  generator_dir = os.path.relpath(params['options'].generator_output or '.')
+
+  # output_dir: relative path from generator_dir to the build directory.
+  output_dir = params.get('generator_flags', {}).get('output_dir', 'out')
+
+  # Relative path from source root to our output files.  e.g. "out"
+  return os.path.normpath(os.path.join(generator_dir, output_dir))
+
+
+def CalculateGeneratorInputInfo(params):
+  """Called by __init__ to initialize generator values based on params."""
+  # E.g. "out/gypfiles"
+  toplevel = params['options'].toplevel_dir
+  qualified_out_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
+      toplevel, ComputeOutputDir(params), 'gypfiles'))
+
+  global generator_filelist_paths
+  generator_filelist_paths = {
+      'toplevel': toplevel,
+      'qualified_out_dir': qualified_out_dir,
+  }
+
+
+def OpenOutput(path, mode='w'):
+  """Open |path| for writing, creating directories if necessary."""
+  gyp.common.EnsureDirExists(path)
+  return open(path, mode)
+
+
+def CommandWithWrapper(cmd, wrappers, prog):
+  wrapper = wrappers.get(cmd, '')
+  if wrapper:
+    return wrapper + ' ' + prog
+  return prog
+
+
+def GetDefaultConcurrentLinks():
+  """Returns a best-guess for a number of concurrent links."""
+  if sys.platform in ('win32', 'cygwin'):
+    import ctypes
+
+    class MEMORYSTATUSEX(ctypes.Structure):
+      _fields_ = [
+        ("dwLength", ctypes.c_ulong),
+        ("dwMemoryLoad", ctypes.c_ulong),
+        ("ullTotalPhys", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("ullAvailPhys", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("ullTotalPageFile", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("ullAvailPageFile", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("ullTotalVirtual", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("ullAvailVirtual", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ("sullAvailExtendedVirtual", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+      ]
+
+    stat = MEMORYSTATUSEX()
+    stat.dwLength = ctypes.sizeof(stat)
+    ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ctypes.byref(stat))
+
+    mem_limit = max(1, stat.ullTotalPhys / (4 * (2 ** 30)))  # total / 4GB
+    hard_cap = max(1, int(os.getenv('GYP_LINK_CONCURRENCY_MAX', 2**32)))
+    return min(mem_limit, hard_cap)
+  elif sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+    if os.path.exists("/proc/meminfo"):
+      with open("/proc/meminfo") as meminfo:
+        memtotal_re = re.compile(r'^MemTotal:\s*(\d*)\s*kB')
+        for line in meminfo:
+          match = memtotal_re.match(line)
+          if not match:
+            continue
+          # Allow 8Gb per link on Linux because Gold is quite memory hungry
+          return max(1, int(match.group(1)) / (8 * (2 ** 20)))
+    return 1
+  elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
+    try:
+      avail_bytes = int(subprocess.check_output(['sysctl', '-n', 'hw.memsize']))
+      # A static library debug build of Chromium's unit_tests takes ~2.7GB, so
+      # 4GB per ld process allows for some more bloat.
+      return max(1, avail_bytes / (4 * (2 ** 30)))  # total / 4GB
+    except:
+      return 1
+  else:
+    # TODO(scottmg): Implement this for other platforms.
+    return 1
+
+
+def _GetWinLinkRuleNameSuffix(embed_manifest):
+  """Returns the suffix used to select an appropriate linking rule depending on
+  whether the manifest embedding is enabled."""
+  return '_embed' if embed_manifest else ''
+
+
+def _AddWinLinkRules(master_ninja, embed_manifest):
+  """Adds link rules for Windows platform to |master_ninja|."""
+  def FullLinkCommand(ldcmd, out, binary_type):
+    resource_name = {
+      'exe': '1',
+      'dll': '2',
+    }[binary_type]
+    return '%(python)s gyp-win-tool link-with-manifests $arch %(embed)s ' \
+           '%(out)s "%(ldcmd)s" %(resname)s $mt $rc "$intermediatemanifest" ' \
+           '$manifests' % {
+               'python': sys.executable,
+               'out': out,
+               'ldcmd': ldcmd,
+               'resname': resource_name,
+               'embed': embed_manifest }
+  rule_name_suffix = _GetWinLinkRuleNameSuffix(embed_manifest)
+  use_separate_mspdbsrv = (
+      int(os.environ.get('GYP_USE_SEPARATE_MSPDBSRV', '0')) != 0)
+  dlldesc = 'LINK%s(DLL) $binary' % rule_name_suffix.upper()
+  dllcmd = ('%s gyp-win-tool link-wrapper $arch %s '
+            '$ld /nologo $implibflag /DLL /OUT:$binary '
+            '@$binary.rsp' % (sys.executable, use_separate_mspdbsrv))
+  dllcmd = FullLinkCommand(dllcmd, '$binary', 'dll')
+  master_ninja.rule('solink' + rule_name_suffix,
+                    description=dlldesc, command=dllcmd,
+                    rspfile='$binary.rsp',
+                    rspfile_content='$libs $in_newline $ldflags',
+                    restat=True,
+                    pool='link_pool')
+  master_ninja.rule('solink_module' + rule_name_suffix,
+                    description=dlldesc, command=dllcmd,
+                    rspfile='$binary.rsp',
+                    rspfile_content='$libs $in_newline $ldflags',
+                    restat=True,
+                    pool='link_pool')
+  # Note that ldflags goes at the end so that it has the option of
+  # overriding default settings earlier in the command line.
+  exe_cmd = ('%s gyp-win-tool link-wrapper $arch %s '
+             '$ld /nologo /OUT:$binary @$binary.rsp' %
+              (sys.executable, use_separate_mspdbsrv))
+  exe_cmd = FullLinkCommand(exe_cmd, '$binary', 'exe')
+  master_ninja.rule('link' + rule_name_suffix,
+                    description='LINK%s $binary' % rule_name_suffix.upper(),
+                    command=exe_cmd,
+                    rspfile='$binary.rsp',
+                    rspfile_content='$in_newline $libs $ldflags',
+                    pool='link_pool')
+
+
+def GenerateOutputForConfig(target_list, target_dicts, data, params,
+                            config_name):
+  options = params['options']
+  flavor = gyp.common.GetFlavor(params)
+  generator_flags = params.get('generator_flags', {})
+
+  # build_dir: relative path from source root to our output files.
+  # e.g. "out/Debug"
+  build_dir = os.path.normpath(
+      os.path.join(ComputeOutputDir(params), config_name))
+
+  toplevel_build = os.path.join(options.toplevel_dir, build_dir)
+
+  master_ninja_file = OpenOutput(os.path.join(toplevel_build, 'build.ninja'))
+  master_ninja = ninja_syntax.Writer(master_ninja_file, width=120)
+
+  # Put build-time support tools in out/{config_name}.
+  gyp.common.CopyTool(flavor, toplevel_build)
+
+  # Grab make settings for CC/CXX.
+  # The rules are
+  # - The priority from low to high is gcc/g++, the 'make_global_settings' in
+  #   gyp, the environment variable.
+  # - If there is no 'make_global_settings' for CC.host/CXX.host or
+  #   'CC_host'/'CXX_host' enviroment variable, cc_host/cxx_host should be set
+  #   to cc/cxx.
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    # Overridden by local arch choice in the use_deps case.
+    # Chromium's ffmpeg c99conv.py currently looks for a 'cc =' line in
+    # build.ninja so needs something valid here. http://crbug.com/233985
+    cc = 'cl.exe'
+    cxx = 'cl.exe'
+    ld = 'link.exe'
+    ld_host = '$ld'
+  else:
+    cc = 'cc'
+    cxx = 'c++'
+    ld = '$cc'
+    ldxx = '$cxx'
+    ld_host = '$cc_host'
+    ldxx_host = '$cxx_host'
+
+  cc_host = None
+  cxx_host = None
+  cc_host_global_setting = None
+  cxx_host_global_setting = None
+  clang_cl = None
+
+  build_file, _, _ = gyp.common.ParseQualifiedTarget(target_list[0])
+  make_global_settings = data[build_file].get('make_global_settings', [])
+  build_to_root = gyp.common.InvertRelativePath(build_dir,
+                                                options.toplevel_dir)
+  wrappers = {}
+  for key, value in make_global_settings:
+    if key == 'CC':
+      cc = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+      if cc.endswith('clang-cl'):
+        clang_cl = cc
+    if key == 'CXX':
+      cxx = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+    if key == 'CC.host':
+      cc_host = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+      cc_host_global_setting = value
+    if key == 'CXX.host':
+      cxx_host = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+      cxx_host_global_setting = value
+    if key.endswith('_wrapper'):
+      wrappers[key[:-len('_wrapper')]] = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+
+  # Support wrappers from environment variables too.
+  for key, value in os.environ.iteritems():
+    if key.lower().endswith('_wrapper'):
+      key_prefix = key[:-len('_wrapper')]
+      key_prefix = re.sub(r'\.HOST$', '.host', key_prefix)
+      wrappers[key_prefix] = os.path.join(build_to_root, value)
+
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    cl_paths = gyp.msvs_emulation.GenerateEnvironmentFiles(
+        toplevel_build, generator_flags, OpenOutput)
+    for arch, path in cl_paths.iteritems():
+      if clang_cl:
+        # If we have selected clang-cl, use that instead.
+        path = clang_cl
+      command = CommandWithWrapper('CC', wrappers,
+          QuoteShellArgument(path, 'win'))
+      if clang_cl:
+        # Use clang-cl to cross-compile for x86 or x86_64.
+        command += (' -m32' if arch == 'x86' else ' -m64')
+      master_ninja.variable('cl_' + arch, command)
+
+  cc = GetEnvironFallback(['CC_target', 'CC'], cc)
+  master_ninja.variable('cc', CommandWithWrapper('CC', wrappers, cc))
+  cxx = GetEnvironFallback(['CXX_target', 'CXX'], cxx)
+  master_ninja.variable('cxx', CommandWithWrapper('CXX', wrappers, cxx))
+
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    master_ninja.variable('ld', ld)
+    master_ninja.variable('idl', 'midl.exe')
+    master_ninja.variable('ar', 'lib.exe')
+    master_ninja.variable('rc', 'rc.exe')
+    master_ninja.variable('asm', 'ml.exe')
+    master_ninja.variable('mt', 'mt.exe')
+  else:
+    master_ninja.variable('ld', CommandWithWrapper('LINK', wrappers, ld))
+    master_ninja.variable('ldxx', CommandWithWrapper('LINK', wrappers, ldxx))
+    master_ninja.variable('ar', GetEnvironFallback(['AR_target', 'AR'], 'ar'))
+
+  if generator_supports_multiple_toolsets:
+    if not cc_host:
+      cc_host = cc
+    if not cxx_host:
+      cxx_host = cxx
+
+    master_ninja.variable('ar_host', GetEnvironFallback(['AR_host'], 'ar'))
+    cc_host = GetEnvironFallback(['CC_host'], cc_host)
+    cxx_host = GetEnvironFallback(['CXX_host'], cxx_host)
+
+    # The environment variable could be used in 'make_global_settings', like
+    # ['CC.host', '$(CC)'] or ['CXX.host', '$(CXX)'], transform them here.
+    if '$(CC)' in cc_host and cc_host_global_setting:
+      cc_host = cc_host_global_setting.replace('$(CC)', cc)
+    if '$(CXX)' in cxx_host and cxx_host_global_setting:
+      cxx_host = cxx_host_global_setting.replace('$(CXX)', cxx)
+    master_ninja.variable('cc_host',
+                          CommandWithWrapper('CC.host', wrappers, cc_host))
+    master_ninja.variable('cxx_host',
+                          CommandWithWrapper('CXX.host', wrappers, cxx_host))
+    if flavor == 'win':
+      master_ninja.variable('ld_host', ld_host)
+    else:
+      master_ninja.variable('ld_host', CommandWithWrapper(
+          'LINK', wrappers, ld_host))
+      master_ninja.variable('ldxx_host', CommandWithWrapper(
+          'LINK', wrappers, ldxx_host))
+
+  master_ninja.newline()
+
+  master_ninja.pool('link_pool', depth=GetDefaultConcurrentLinks())
+  master_ninja.newline()
+
+  deps = 'msvc' if flavor == 'win' else 'gcc'
+
+  if flavor != 'win':
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'cc',
+      description='CC $out',
+      command=('$cc -MMD -MF $out.d $defines $includes $cflags $cflags_c '
+              '$cflags_pch_c -c $in -o $out'),
+      depfile='$out.d',
+      deps=deps)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'cc_s',
+      description='CC $out',
+      command=('$cc $defines $includes $cflags $cflags_c '
+              '$cflags_pch_c -c $in -o $out'))
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'cxx',
+      description='CXX $out',
+      command=('$cxx -MMD -MF $out.d $defines $includes $cflags $cflags_cc '
+              '$cflags_pch_cc -c $in -o $out'),
+      depfile='$out.d',
+      deps=deps)
+  else:
+    # TODO(scottmg) Separate pdb names is a test to see if it works around
+    # http://crbug.com/142362. It seems there's a race between the creation of
+    # the .pdb by the precompiled header step for .cc and the compilation of
+    # .c files. This should be handled by mspdbsrv, but rarely errors out with
+    #   c1xx : fatal error C1033: cannot open program database
+    # By making the rules target separate pdb files this might be avoided.
+    cc_command = ('ninja -t msvc -e $arch ' +
+                  '-- '
+                  '$cc /nologo /showIncludes /FC '
+                  '@$out.rsp /c $in /Fo$out /Fd$pdbname_c ')
+    cxx_command = ('ninja -t msvc -e $arch ' +
+                   '-- '
+                   '$cxx /nologo /showIncludes /FC '
+                   '@$out.rsp /c $in /Fo$out /Fd$pdbname_cc ')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'cc',
+      description='CC $out',
+      command=cc_command,
+      rspfile='$out.rsp',
+      rspfile_content='$defines $includes $cflags $cflags_c',
+      deps=deps)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'cxx',
+      description='CXX $out',
+      command=cxx_command,
+      rspfile='$out.rsp',
+      rspfile_content='$defines $includes $cflags $cflags_cc',
+      deps=deps)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'idl',
+      description='IDL $in',
+      command=('%s gyp-win-tool midl-wrapper $arch $outdir '
+               '$tlb $h $dlldata $iid $proxy $in '
+               '$idlflags' % sys.executable))
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'rc',
+      description='RC $in',
+      # Note: $in must be last otherwise rc.exe complains.
+      command=('%s gyp-win-tool rc-wrapper '
+               '$arch $rc $defines $resource_includes $rcflags /fo$out $in' %
+               sys.executable))
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'asm',
+      description='ASM $in',
+      command=('%s gyp-win-tool asm-wrapper '
+               '$arch $asm $defines $includes /c /Fo $out $in' %
+               sys.executable))
+
+  if flavor != 'mac' and flavor != 'win':
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'alink',
+      description='AR $out',
+      command='rm -f $out && $ar rcs $out $in')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'alink_thin',
+      description='AR $out',
+      command='rm -f $out && $ar rcsT $out $in')
+
+    # This allows targets that only need to depend on $lib's API to declare an
+    # order-only dependency on $lib.TOC and avoid relinking such downstream
+    # dependencies when $lib changes only in non-public ways.
+    # The resulting string leaves an uninterpolated %{suffix} which
+    # is used in the final substitution below.
+    mtime_preserving_solink_base = (
+        'if [ ! -e $lib -o ! -e $lib.TOC ]; then '
+        '%(solink)s && %(extract_toc)s > $lib.TOC; else '
+        '%(solink)s && %(extract_toc)s > $lib.tmp && '
+        'if ! cmp -s $lib.tmp $lib.TOC; then mv $lib.tmp $lib.TOC ; '
+        'fi; fi'
+        % { 'solink':
+              '$ld -shared $ldflags -o $lib -Wl,-soname=$soname %(suffix)s',
+            'extract_toc':
+              ('{ readelf -d $lib | grep SONAME ; '
+               'nm -gD -f p $lib | cut -f1-2 -d\' \'; }')})
+
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink',
+      description='SOLINK $lib',
+      restat=True,
+      command=(mtime_preserving_solink_base % {
+          'suffix': '-Wl,--whole-archive $in $solibs -Wl,--no-whole-archive '
+          '$libs'}),
+      pool='link_pool')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink_module',
+      description='SOLINK(module) $lib',
+      restat=True,
+      command=(mtime_preserving_solink_base % {
+          'suffix': '-Wl,--start-group $in $solibs -Wl,--end-group '
+          '$libs'}),
+      pool='link_pool')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'link',
+      description='LINK $out',
+      command=('$ld $ldflags -o $out '
+               '-Wl,--start-group $in $solibs -Wl,--end-group $libs'),
+      pool='link_pool')
+  elif flavor == 'win':
+    master_ninja.rule(
+        'alink',
+        description='LIB $out',
+        command=('%s gyp-win-tool link-wrapper $arch False '
+                 '$ar /nologo /ignore:4221 /OUT:$out @$out.rsp' %
+                 sys.executable),
+        rspfile='$out.rsp',
+        rspfile_content='$in_newline $libflags')
+    _AddWinLinkRules(master_ninja, embed_manifest=True)
+    _AddWinLinkRules(master_ninja, embed_manifest=False)
+  else:
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'objc',
+      description='OBJC $out',
+      command=('$cc -MMD -MF $out.d $defines $includes $cflags $cflags_objc '
+               '$cflags_pch_objc -c $in -o $out'),
+      depfile='$out.d',
+      deps=deps)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'objcxx',
+      description='OBJCXX $out',
+      command=('$cxx -MMD -MF $out.d $defines $includes $cflags $cflags_objcc '
+               '$cflags_pch_objcc -c $in -o $out'),
+      depfile='$out.d',
+      deps=deps)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'alink',
+      description='LIBTOOL-STATIC $out, POSTBUILDS',
+      command='rm -f $out && '
+              './gyp-mac-tool filter-libtool libtool $libtool_flags '
+              '-static -o $out $in'
+              '$postbuilds')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'lipo',
+      description='LIPO $out, POSTBUILDS',
+      command='rm -f $out && lipo -create $in -output $out$postbuilds')
+
+    # Record the public interface of $lib in $lib.TOC. See the corresponding
+    # comment in the posix section above for details.
+    solink_base = '$ld %(type)s $ldflags -o $lib %(suffix)s'
+    mtime_preserving_solink_base = (
+        'if [ ! -e $lib -o ! -e $lib.TOC ] || '
+             # Always force dependent targets to relink if this library
+             # reexports something. Handling this correctly would require
+             # recursive TOC dumping but this is rare in practice, so punt.
+             'otool -l $lib | grep -q LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB ; then '
+          '%(solink)s && %(extract_toc)s > $lib.TOC; '
+        'else '
+          '%(solink)s && %(extract_toc)s > $lib.tmp && '
+          'if ! cmp -s $lib.tmp $lib.TOC; then '
+            'mv $lib.tmp $lib.TOC ; '
+          'fi; '
+        'fi'
+        % { 'solink': solink_base,
+            'extract_toc':
+              '{ otool -l $lib | grep LC_ID_DYLIB -A 5; '
+              'nm -gP $lib | cut -f1-2 -d\' \' | grep -v U$$; true; }'})
+
+    solink_suffix = '$in $solibs $libs$postbuilds'
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink',
+      description='SOLINK $lib, POSTBUILDS',
+      restat=True,
+      command=mtime_preserving_solink_base % {'suffix': solink_suffix,
+                                              'type': '-shared'},
+      pool='link_pool')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink_notoc',
+      description='SOLINK $lib, POSTBUILDS',
+      restat=True,
+      command=solink_base % {'suffix':solink_suffix, 'type': '-shared'},
+      pool='link_pool')
+
+    solink_module_suffix = '$in $solibs $libs$postbuilds'
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink_module',
+      description='SOLINK(module) $lib, POSTBUILDS',
+      restat=True,
+      command=mtime_preserving_solink_base % {'suffix': solink_module_suffix,
+                                              'type': '-bundle'},
+      pool='link_pool')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'solink_module_notoc',
+      description='SOLINK(module) $lib, POSTBUILDS',
+      restat=True,
+      command=solink_base % {'suffix': solink_module_suffix, 'type': '-bundle'},
+      pool='link_pool')
+
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'link',
+      description='LINK $out, POSTBUILDS',
+      command=('$ld $ldflags -o $out '
+               '$in $solibs $libs$postbuilds'),
+      pool='link_pool')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'preprocess_infoplist',
+      description='PREPROCESS INFOPLIST $out',
+      command=('$cc -E -P -Wno-trigraphs -x c $defines $in -o $out && '
+               'plutil -convert xml1 $out $out'))
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'copy_infoplist',
+      description='COPY INFOPLIST $in',
+      command='$env ./gyp-mac-tool copy-info-plist $in $out $keys')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'mac_tool',
+      description='MACTOOL $mactool_cmd $in',
+      command='$env ./gyp-mac-tool $mactool_cmd $in $out')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'package_framework',
+      description='PACKAGE FRAMEWORK $out, POSTBUILDS',
+      command='./gyp-mac-tool package-framework $out $version$postbuilds '
+              '&& touch $out')
+  if flavor == 'win':
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'stamp',
+      description='STAMP $out',
+      command='%s gyp-win-tool stamp $out' % sys.executable)
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'copy',
+      description='COPY $in $out',
+      command='%s gyp-win-tool recursive-mirror $in $out' % sys.executable)
+  else:
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'stamp',
+      description='STAMP $out',
+      command='${postbuilds}touch $out')
+    master_ninja.rule(
+      'copy',
+      description='COPY $in $out',
+      command='ln -f $in $out 2>/dev/null || (rm -rf $out && cp -af $in $out)')
+  master_ninja.newline()
+
+  all_targets = set()
+  for build_file in params['build_files']:
+    for target in gyp.common.AllTargets(target_list,
+                                        target_dicts,
+                                        os.path.normpath(build_file)):
+      all_targets.add(target)
+  all_outputs = set()
+
+  # target_outputs is a map from qualified target name to a Target object.
+  target_outputs = {}
+  # target_short_names is a map from target short name to a list of Target
+  # objects.
+  target_short_names = {}
+
+  for qualified_target in target_list:
+    # qualified_target is like: third_party/icu/icu.gyp:icui18n#target
+    build_file, name, toolset = \
+        gyp.common.ParseQualifiedTarget(qualified_target)
+
+    this_make_global_settings = data[build_file].get('make_global_settings', [])
+    assert make_global_settings == this_make_global_settings, (
+        "make_global_settings needs to be the same for all targets. %s vs. %s" %
+        (this_make_global_settings, make_global_settings))
+
+    spec = target_dicts[qualified_target]
+    if flavor == 'mac':
+      gyp.xcode_emulation.MergeGlobalXcodeSettingsToSpec(data[build_file], spec)
+
+    build_file = gyp.common.RelativePath(build_file, options.toplevel_dir)
+
+    base_path = os.path.dirname(build_file)
+    obj = 'obj'
+    if toolset != 'target':
+      obj += '.' + toolset
+    output_file = os.path.join(obj, base_path, name + '.ninja')
+
+    ninja_output = StringIO()
+    writer = NinjaWriter(qualified_target, target_outputs, base_path, build_dir,
+                         ninja_output,
+                         toplevel_build, output_file,
+                         flavor, toplevel_dir=options.toplevel_dir)
+
+    target = writer.WriteSpec(spec, config_name, generator_flags)
+
+    if ninja_output.tell() > 0:
+      # Only create files for ninja files that actually have contents.
+      with OpenOutput(os.path.join(toplevel_build, output_file)) as ninja_file:
+        ninja_file.write(ninja_output.getvalue())
+      ninja_output.close()
+      master_ninja.subninja(output_file)
+
+    if target:
+      if name != target.FinalOutput() and spec['toolset'] == 'target':
+        target_short_names.setdefault(name, []).append(target)
+      target_outputs[qualified_target] = target
+      if qualified_target in all_targets:
+        all_outputs.add(target.FinalOutput())
+
+  if target_short_names:
+    # Write a short name to build this target.  This benefits both the
+    # "build chrome" case as well as the gyp tests, which expect to be
+    # able to run actions and build libraries by their short name.
+    master_ninja.newline()
+    master_ninja.comment('Short names for targets.')
+    for short_name in target_short_names:
+      master_ninja.build(short_name, 'phony', [x.FinalOutput() for x in
+                                               target_short_names[short_name]])
+
+  if all_outputs:
+    master_ninja.newline()
+    master_ninja.build('all', 'phony', list(all_outputs))
+    master_ninja.default(generator_flags.get('default_target', 'all'))
+
+  master_ninja_file.close()
+
+
+def PerformBuild(data, configurations, params):
+  options = params['options']
+  for config in configurations:
+    builddir = os.path.join(options.toplevel_dir, 'out', config)
+    arguments = ['ninja', '-C', builddir]
+    print 'Building [%s]: %s' % (config, arguments)
+    subprocess.check_call(arguments)
+
+
+def CallGenerateOutputForConfig(arglist):
+  # Ignore the interrupt signal so that the parent process catches it and
+  # kills all multiprocessing children.
+  signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
+
+  (target_list, target_dicts, data, params, config_name) = arglist
+  GenerateOutputForConfig(target_list, target_dicts, data, params, config_name)
+
+
+def GenerateOutput(target_list, target_dicts, data, params):
+  # Update target_dicts for iOS device builds.
+  target_dicts = gyp.xcode_emulation.CloneConfigurationForDeviceAndEmulator(
+      target_dicts)
+
+  user_config = params.get('generator_flags', {}).get('config', None)
+  if gyp.common.GetFlavor(params) == 'win':
+    target_list, target_dicts = MSVSUtil.ShardTargets(target_list, target_dicts)
+    target_list, target_dicts = MSVSUtil.InsertLargePdbShims(
+        target_list, target_dicts, generator_default_variables)
+
+  if user_config:
+    GenerateOutputForConfig(target_list, target_dicts, data, params,
+                            user_config)
+  else:
+    config_names = target_dicts[target_list[0]]['configurations'].keys()
+    if params['parallel']:
+      try:
+        pool = multiprocessing.Pool(len(config_names))
+        arglists = []
+        for config_name in config_names:
+          arglists.append(
+              (target_list, target_dicts, data, params, config_name))
+        pool.map(CallGenerateOutputForConfig, arglists)
+      except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
+        pool.terminate()
+        raise e
+    else:
+      for config_name in config_names:
+        GenerateOutputForConfig(target_list, target_dicts, data, params,
+                                config_name)