traitor 0.0.1

data/.gitignore

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+*.gem
+*.rbc
+.bundle
+.config
+.yardoc
+Gemfile.lock
+InstalledFiles
+_yardoc
+coverage
+doc/
+lib/bundler/man
+pkg
+rdoc
+spec/reports
+test/tmp
+test/version_tmp
+tmp

data/.travis.yml

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+# http://about.travis-ci.org/docs/user/build-configuration/
+rvm:
+  - ruby-head

data/LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2012 Josep M. Bach
+
+MIT License
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+# traitor [![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/txus/traitor.png)](http://travis-ci.org/txus/traitor)
+
+Traitor is a basic implementation of
+[Traits](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_(computer_programming) (duh) for Ruby 2.0.
+
+Also, it might be the only library in the world that **needs** refinements. `</troll>`
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+    rvm install ruby-2.0.0-preview1
+    gem 'traitor'
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install traitor
+
+## Behavior reusability through Traits
+
+Traits are like Ruby modules in the sense that they can be used to define
+composable units of behavior, but they are not included hierarchically. They
+are truly composable, meaning that are pieces that *must* either fit
+perfectly or the host object must provide a way for them to do it, normally
+resolving conflicts by explicitly redefining the conflicting methods.
+
+Say we have a `Colorable` trait:
+
+```ruby
+Colorable = Trait.new do
+  attr_accessor :color
+
+  def ==(other)
+    other.color == color
+  end
+end
+```
+
+And a `Shapeable` trait:
+
+```ruby
+Shapeable = Trait.new do
+  attr_accessor :sides
+
+  def ==(other)
+    other.sides == sides
+  end
+end
+```
+
+Now we would like an object composed of those two traits:
+
+```ruby
+class Rectangle
+  uses Shapeable
+  uses Colorable
+end
+```
+
+This obviously doesn't work -- if we try to call #== on a `Rectangle`, it
+doesn't know which implementation should it call. `Colorable` or `Shapeable`?
+See the error:
+
+```ruby
+Rectangle.new == Rectangle.new
+# TraitConflict: Conflicting methods: #==
+```
+
+Traits have no hierarchy, so no one prevails over the others. The only way to
+use both traits is to provide an explicit conflict resolution:
+
+```ruby
+class Rectangle
+  uses Shapeable
+  uses Colorable
+
+  def ==(other)
+    colorable_equal = trait_send(Colorable, :==, other)
+    shapeable_equal = trait_send(Shapeable, :==, other)
+    colorable_equal && shapeable_equal
+  end
+end
+```
+
+Now we can use `#==` safely because we **control** how conflicts are resolved.
+Note that we have access to either implementation via `trait_send`.
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Added some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create new Pull Request
+
+## Who's this
+
+This was made by [Josep M. Bach (Txus)](http://txustice.me) under the MIT
+license. I'm [@txustice](http://twitter.com/txustice) on twitter (where you
+should probably follow me!).

data/Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+
+require 'rake/testtask'
+Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
+  t.libs << "test"
+  t.test_files = FileList['test/**/*_test.rb']
+  t.verbose = true
+end
+
+task :default => :test

data/lib/traitor.rb

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+require "traitor/trait"
+require "traitor/core_ext/class"
+require "traitor/core_ext/object"
+require "traitor/version"
+
+module Traitor
+end

data/lib/traitor/conflict_check.rb

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+module Traitor
+  module ConflictCheck
+    class TraitConflict < StandardError
+    end
+
+    def check(host_class)
+      conflicts = []
+      traits = host_class.traits
+      traits.each do |t|
+        traits.reject { |other| other == t }.each do |other|
+          t.trait_methods.each do |m|
+            conflicts << m if other.implements?(m)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      conflicts.delete_if do |c|
+        host_class.instance_methods(false).include?(c)
+      end
+      return false if conflicts.empty?
+
+      output = "Conflicting methods: #{conflicts.uniq.map {|c| "##{c}"}.join(', ')}"
+      raise TraitConflict, output
+    end
+    module_function :check
+  end
+end
+
+TraitConflict = Traitor::ConflictCheck::TraitConflict

data/lib/traitor/core_ext/class.rb

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+module Traitor
+  module Class
+    def traits
+      @traits ||= []
+    end
+
+    def uses(trait)
+      traits << trait
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Class.send :include, Traitor::Class

data/lib/traitor/core_ext/object.rb

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+module Traitor
+  module Object
+    def method_missing(m, *args, &block)
+      Trait.check_conflict(self.class)
+      super unless trait = self.class.traits.detect { |t| t.implements?(m) }
+      trait.call(self, m, *args, &block)
+    end
+
+    def trait_send(trait, m, *args, &block)
+      trait.call(self, m, *args, &block)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Object.send :include, Traitor::Object

data/lib/traitor/trait.rb

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+require 'traitor/conflict_check'
+
+module Traitor
+  class Trait
+    def initialize(&block)
+      @module_block = block
+      @container = Module.new(&block)
+    end
+
+    def trait_methods
+      @container.instance_methods(false)
+    end
+
+    def implements?(m)
+      trait_methods.include?(m)
+    end
+
+    def call(host, m, *args, &block)
+      metaclass = class << host; self; end
+      blk = @module_block
+
+      refinement = Module.new do
+        refine metaclass, &blk
+      end
+
+      host.send :using, refinement
+      host.send m, *args, &block
+    end
+
+    def self.check_conflict(host_class)
+      ConflictCheck.check(host_class)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Trait = Traitor::Trait

data/lib/traitor/version.rb

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+module Traitor
+  VERSION = "0.0.1"
+end

data/test/traits_test.rb

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+require 'minitest/autorun'
+require 'traitor'
+
+Colorable = Trait.new do
+  attr_accessor :color
+  def ==(other)
+    other.color == color
+  end
+end
+
+Shapeable = Trait.new do
+  attr_accessor :sides
+
+  def side_length; 10; end
+
+  def perimeter
+    sides * side_length
+  end
+
+  def ==(other)
+    other.sides == sides
+  end
+end
+
+class TraitsTest < MiniTest::Unit::TestCase
+  def test_call_a_trait_method
+    klass = Class.new do
+      uses Shapeable
+    end
+
+    foo = klass.new
+    foo.sides = 4
+    assert_equal 4, foo.sides
+  end
+
+  def test_detects_conflicts
+    klass = Class.new do
+      uses Shapeable
+      uses Colorable
+    end
+
+    foo = klass.new
+    assert_raises TraitConflict do
+      foo.color
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_override_conflict_of_trait_method
+    klass = Class.new do
+      uses Colorable
+      uses Shapeable
+
+      def ==(other)
+        colorable_equal = trait_send(Colorable, :==, other)
+        shapeable_equal = trait_send(Shapeable, :==, other)
+        colorable_equal && shapeable_equal
+      end
+    end
+
+    square_one = klass.new
+    square_one.sides = 4
+    square_one.color = 0xFFF
+
+    square_two = klass.new
+    square_two.sides = 4
+    square_two.color = 0xFFF
+
+    square_three = klass.new
+    square_three.sides = 3
+    square_three.color = 0xFFF
+
+    assert_equal square_one, square_two
+    refute_equal square_one, square_three
+  end
+
+  def test_call_specific_implementation
+    klass = Class.new do
+      uses Shapeable
+      def double_perimeter
+        trait_send(Shapeable, :perimeter) * 2
+      end
+    end
+
+    foo = klass.new
+    foo.sides = 4
+    assert_equal 80, foo.double_perimeter
+  end
+end

data/traitor.gemspec

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+# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
+require File.expand_path('../lib/traitor/version', __FILE__)
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |gem|
+  gem.authors       = ["Josep M. Bach"]
+  gem.email         = ["josep.m.bach@gmail.com"]
+  gem.description   = %q{Traits for Ruby: like mixins, but better}
+  gem.summary       = %q{Traits for Ruby: like mixins, but better}
+  gem.homepage      = "https://github.com/txus/traitor"
+
+  gem.files         = `git ls-files`.split($\)
+  gem.executables   = gem.files.grep(%r{^bin/}).map{ |f| File.basename(f) }
+  gem.test_files    = gem.files.grep(%r{^(test|spec|features)/})
+  gem.name          = "traitor"
+  gem.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  gem.version       = Traitor::VERSION
+end

metadata

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+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: traitor
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.0.1
+  prerelease: 
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- Josep M. Bach
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 2012-11-06 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies: []
+description: ! 'Traits for Ruby: like mixins, but better'
+email:
+- josep.m.bach@gmail.com
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- .gitignore
+- .travis.yml
+- LICENSE
+- README.md
+- Rakefile
+- lib/traitor.rb
+- lib/traitor/conflict_check.rb
+- lib/traitor/core_ext/class.rb
+- lib/traitor/core_ext/object.rb
+- lib/traitor/trait.rb
+- lib/traitor/version.rb
+- test/traits_test.rb
+- traitor.gemspec
+homepage: https://github.com/txus/traitor
+licenses: []
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  none: false
+  requirements:
+  - - ! '>='
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  none: false
+  requirements:
+  - - ! '>='
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 1.8.24
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 3
+summary: ! 'Traits for Ruby: like mixins, but better'
+test_files:
+- test/traits_test.rb