toon-format 0.1.0

data/benchmark/README.md

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+# TOON Format Benchmarks
+
+Comprehensive performance benchmarks for the TOON Format Ruby gem.
+
+## Quick Start
+
+Run all benchmarks:
+```bash
+ruby benchmark/run_all_benchmarks.rb
+```
+
+Run individual benchmarks:
+```bash
+# Basic performance
+ruby benchmark/encode_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/decode_benchmark.rb
+
+# Analysis
+ruby benchmark/token_reduction_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/scalability_benchmark.rb
+
+# Comparisons
+ruby benchmark/format_comparison_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/csv_vs_toon_benchmark.rb
+
+# Advanced tests
+ruby benchmark/validation_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/nesting_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/round_trip_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/memory_benchmark.rb
+ruby benchmark/real_world_benchmark.rb
+```
+
+## Benchmark Categories
+
+### 1. **Basic Performance**
+- **encode_benchmark.rb** - Basic encoding speed tests
+- **decode_benchmark.rb** - Basic decoding speed tests
+
+Tests fundamental encode/decode operations with simple, tabular, and nested data.
+
+### 2. **Token Reduction**
+- **token_reduction_benchmark.rb** - Token savings analysis
+
+Measures the core value proposition: how much TOON reduces token usage vs JSON for LLM contexts.
+
+### 3. **Scalability**
+- **scalability_benchmark.rb** - Performance across data sizes
+
+Tests with datasets from 1 to 10,000 records to show how performance scales.
+
+### 4. **Format Comparisons**
+- **format_comparison_benchmark.rb** - vs JSON, YAML, MessagePack
+- **csv_vs_toon_benchmark.rb** - vs CSV format
+
+Compares TOON against other serialization formats for encoding/decoding speed, size, and readability.
+
+### 5. **Real-World Scenarios**
+- **real_world_benchmark.rb** - Practical use cases
+
+Tests realistic scenarios:
+- REST API responses
+- Database exports
+- LLM prompt contexts
+- Analytics events
+- Application configuration
+
+### 6. **Advanced Testing**
+- **validation_benchmark.rb** - Strict vs lenient mode overhead
+- **nesting_benchmark.rb** - Deep nesting performance
+- **round_trip_benchmark.rb** - Encode → decode fidelity
+- **memory_benchmark.rb** - Memory usage profiling
+
+## Requirements
+
+```ruby
+# Gemfile
+gem 'benchmark-ips'  # For performance testing
+gem 'msgpack'        # Optional, for format comparison
+```
+
+Install dependencies:
+```bash
+bundle install
+```
+
+## Understanding Results
+
+### Benchmark-IPS Output
+```
+TOON encode:  50000 i/s
+JSON encode:  25000 i/s
+```
+Higher is better. "i/s" = iterations per second.
+
+### Comparison Output
+```
+Comparison:
+TOON encode:     50000.0 i/s
+JSON encode:     25000.0 i/s - 2.00x slower
+```
+TOON is 2x faster than JSON in this example.
+
+### Size Comparison
+```
+JSON: 1000 bytes
+TOON: 650 bytes
+Savings: 35.0%
+```
+Negative percentages mean TOON is larger (rare, usually for small objects).
+
+## Expected Results
+
+Based on typical runs:
+
+| Scenario | Encoding Speed | Decoding Speed | Size Savings |
+|----------|---------------|----------------|--------------|
+| Small objects | 1-2x faster | Similar | 10-30% |
+| Tabular arrays | 2-3x faster | 1.5-2x faster | 30-60% |
+| Nested objects | Similar | Similar | 20-40% |
+| Large datasets | 1.5-2x faster | 1-1.5x faster | 40-70% |
+
+**Note**: Results vary by Ruby version, CPU, and data characteristics.
+
+## Interpreting Performance
+
+### When TOON Excels
+- ✅ **Tabular data** (uniform arrays of hashes)
+- ✅ **Large datasets** (> 100 records)
+- ✅ **Repeated field names** (database results)
+- ✅ **API responses** (consistent structure)
+
+### When TOON is Similar to JSON
+- 🟡 **Small objects** (< 10 fields)
+- 🟡 **Highly irregular data** (varying structures)
+- 🟡 **Deep nesting** (> 10 levels)
+
+### Key Metrics
+
+1. **Token Reduction**: Most important for LLM contexts
+   - Directly reduces API costs
+   - Smaller prompts = faster processing
+
+2. **Encoding Speed**: Important for API responses
+   - Faster = lower server latency
+   - Scales with request volume
+
+3. **Decoding Speed**: Important for data ingestion
+   - Critical for high-throughput pipelines
+
+4. **Memory Usage**: Important for large datasets
+   - Lower = more scalable
+
+## Custom Benchmarks
+
+Create your own benchmark:
+
+```ruby
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "benchmark/ips"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+
+# Your data
+data = { your: "data" }
+
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON") { JSON.generate(data) }
+  x.report("TOON") { ToonFormat.encode(data) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+```
+
+## Contributing
+
+When adding benchmarks:
+1. Use `benchmark/ips` for speed tests
+2. Include size comparisons
+3. Test with realistic data
+4. Add to `run_all_benchmarks.rb`
+5. Document in this README
+
+## Results Storage
+
+Benchmark results are saved to `benchmark/results/` with timestamps:
+```
+benchmark/results/summary_20250126_143022.txt
+```
+
+This allows tracking performance changes over time.
+
+## CI/CD Integration
+
+Run benchmarks in CI:
+```yaml
+# .github/workflows/benchmark.yml
+- name: Run benchmarks
+  run: ruby benchmark/run_all_benchmarks.rb
+```
+
+## Questions?
+
+- Check [main README](../README.md) for usage
+- See [CLAUDE.md](../CLAUDE.md) for architecture
+- Open an issue for benchmark requests

data/benchmark/csv_vs_toon_benchmark.rb

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+require "csv"
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "TOON vs. CSV Token Comparison"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts
+
+# Data structure for testing
+data = Array.new(100) do |i|
+  {
+    id: i + 1,
+    name: "User \#{i + 1}",
+    email: "user\#{i + 1}@example.com",
+    role: i.even? ? "admin" : "user",
+    active: true
+  }
+end
+
+# Convert to JSON
+json_string = JSON.pretty_generate(data)
+json_tokens = json_string.length
+
+# Convert to TOON
+toon_string = ToonFormat.encode(data)
+toon_tokens = toon_string.length
+
+# Convert to CSV
+csv_string = CSV.generate do |csv|
+  csv << data.first.keys
+  data.each do |row|
+    csv << row.values
+  end
+end
+csv_tokens = csv_string.length
+
+# Output results
+puts "Comparison for 100 User Records"
+puts "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
+
+puts "JSON:"
+puts "  Size: #{json_tokens} bytes"
+puts "  Tokens: ~#{json_tokens}"
+puts
+
+puts "TOON:"
+puts "  Size: #{toon_tokens} bytes"
+puts "  Tokens: ~#{toon_tokens}"
+puts
+
+puts "CSV:"
+puts "  Size: #{csv_tokens} bytes"
+puts "  Tokens: ~#{csv_tokens}"
+puts
+
+puts "Savings:"
+json_minus_toon = json_tokens - toon_tokens
+toon_savings_percent = (json_minus_toon / json_tokens.to_f * 100).round(1)
+puts "  TOON vs. JSON: #{json_minus_toon} bytes (#{toon_savings_percent}%)"
+
+json_minus_csv = json_tokens - csv_tokens
+csv_savings_percent = (json_minus_csv / json_tokens.to_f * 100).round(1)
+puts "  CSV vs. JSON: #{json_minus_csv} bytes (#{csv_savings_percent}%)"
+puts
+
+puts "================================================================================"

data/benchmark/decode_benchmark.rb

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "benchmark/ips"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "TOON Format Decoding Benchmark"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts
+
+# Test data sets
+simple_object = { name: "Alice", age: 30, email: "alice@example.com" }
+simple_json = JSON.generate(simple_object)
+simple_toon = ToonFormat.encode(simple_object)
+
+tabular_data = Array.new(100) do |i|
+  { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+end
+tabular_json = JSON.generate(tabular_data)
+tabular_toon = ToonFormat.encode(tabular_data)
+
+nested_object = {
+  user: {
+    id: 1,
+    name: "Alice",
+    profile: {
+      age: 30,
+      city: "NYC"
+    }
+  }
+}
+nested_json = JSON.generate(nested_object)
+nested_toon = ToonFormat.encode(nested_object)
+
+puts "Benchmark 1: Simple Object"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.parse") { JSON.parse(simple_json) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.decode") { ToonFormat.decode(simple_toon) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts
+
+puts "Benchmark 2: Tabular Data (100 records)"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.parse") { JSON.parse(tabular_json) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.decode") { ToonFormat.decode(tabular_toon) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts
+
+puts "Benchmark 3: Nested Object"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.parse") { JSON.parse(nested_json) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.decode") { ToonFormat.decode(nested_toon) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts

data/benchmark/encode_benchmark.rb

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "benchmark/ips"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "TOON Format Encoding Benchmark"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts
+
+# Test data sets
+simple_object = { name: "Alice", age: 30, email: "alice@example.com" }
+
+tabular_data = Array.new(100) do |i|
+  { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+end
+
+nested_object = {
+  user: {
+    id: 1,
+    name: "Alice",
+    profile: {
+      age: 30,
+      city: "NYC",
+      interests: %w[ruby python javascript]
+    }
+  },
+  metadata: {
+    created_at: "2025-01-01",
+    updated_at: "2025-01-15"
+  }
+}
+
+puts "Benchmark 1: Simple Object (#{simple_object.size} fields)"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.generate") { JSON.generate(simple_object) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.encode") { ToonFormat.encode(simple_object) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts
+
+puts "Benchmark 2: Tabular Data (#{tabular_data.size} records)"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.generate") { JSON.generate(tabular_data) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.encode") { ToonFormat.encode(tabular_data) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts
+
+puts "Benchmark 3: Nested Object"
+puts "-" * 80
+Benchmark.ips do |x|
+  x.report("JSON.generate") { JSON.generate(nested_object) }
+  x.report("ToonFormat.encode") { ToonFormat.encode(nested_object) }
+  x.compare!
+end
+puts
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "Size Comparison"
+puts "=" * 80
+
+[
+  ["Simple Object", simple_object],
+  ["Tabular Data", tabular_data],
+  ["Nested Object", nested_object]
+].each do |name, data|
+  json_size = JSON.generate(data).bytesize
+  toon_size = ToonFormat.encode(data).bytesize
+  savings = ((json_size - toon_size) / json_size.to_f * 100).round(1)
+
+  puts "#{name}:"
+  puts "  JSON: #{json_size} bytes"
+  puts "  TOON: #{toon_size} bytes"
+  puts "  Savings: #{savings}%"
+  puts
+end

data/benchmark/format_comparison_benchmark.rb

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "benchmark/ips"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+require "yaml"
+
+# Try to load MessagePack if available
+begin
+  require "msgpack"
+  MSGPACK_AVAILABLE = true
+rescue LoadError
+  MSGPACK_AVAILABLE = false
+  puts "Note: MessagePack not available. Install with: gem install msgpack"
+  puts
+end
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "Format Comparison Benchmark"
+puts "Comparing TOON with JSON, YAML#{MSGPACK_AVAILABLE ? ', and MessagePack' : ''}"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts
+
+# Test datasets
+datasets = {
+  "Small Object" => {
+    id: 1,
+    name: "Alice Smith",
+    email: "alice@example.com",
+    active: true
+  },
+
+  "Tabular Data (100 records)" => Array.new(100) do |i|
+    {
+      id: i,
+      name: "User#{i}",
+      email: "user#{i}@example.com",
+      role: i.even? ? "admin" : "user",
+      active: true,
+      score: rand(100)
+    }
+  end,
+
+  "Nested Object" => {
+    user: {
+      id: 1,
+      name: "Alice",
+      profile: {
+        age: 30,
+        city: "NYC",
+        preferences: {
+          theme: "dark",
+          language: "en",
+          notifications: true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    posts: [
+      { id: 1, title: "First post", likes: 10 },
+      { id: 2, title: "Second post", likes: 25 }
+    ]
+  },
+
+  "Large Tabular (1000 records)" => Array.new(1000) do |i|
+    {
+      id: i,
+      name: "User#{i}",
+      email: "user#{i}@example.com",
+      score: rand(100)
+    }
+  end
+}
+
+datasets.each do |name, data|
+  puts "\n#{name}"
+  puts "=" * 80
+
+  # Encoding benchmark
+  puts "\nEncoding Speed:"
+  puts "-" * 80
+  Benchmark.ips do |x|
+    x.config(time: 2, warmup: 1)
+
+    x.report("JSON") { JSON.generate(data) }
+    x.report("YAML") { YAML.dump(data) }
+    x.report("TOON") { ToonFormat.encode(data) }
+    x.report("MessagePack") { MessagePack.pack(data) } if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+
+    x.compare!
+  end
+
+  # Generate encoded strings for decoding and size comparison
+  json_str = JSON.generate(data)
+  yaml_str = YAML.dump(data)
+  toon_str = ToonFormat.encode(data)
+  msgpack_str = MessagePack.pack(data) if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+
+  # Decoding benchmark
+  puts "\nDecoding Speed:"
+  puts "-" * 80
+  Benchmark.ips do |x|
+    x.config(time: 2, warmup: 1)
+
+    x.report("JSON") { JSON.parse(json_str) }
+    x.report("YAML") { YAML.safe_load(yaml_str, permitted_classes: [Symbol]) }
+    x.report("TOON") { ToonFormat.decode(toon_str) }
+    x.report("MessagePack") { MessagePack.unpack(msgpack_str) } if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+
+    x.compare!
+  end
+
+  # Size comparison
+  puts "\nSize Comparison:"
+  puts "-" * 80
+  json_size = json_str.bytesize
+  yaml_size = yaml_str.bytesize
+  toon_size = toon_str.bytesize
+  msgpack_size = msgpack_str.bytesize if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+
+  puts "JSON:       #{json_size} bytes (baseline)"
+  puts "YAML:       #{yaml_size} bytes (#{((yaml_size - json_size) / json_size.to_f * 100).round(1)}% vs JSON)"
+  puts "TOON:       #{toon_size} bytes (#{((toon_size - json_size) / json_size.to_f * 100).round(1)}% vs JSON)"
+  if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+    puts "MessagePack: #{msgpack_size} bytes (#{((msgpack_size - json_size) / json_size.to_f * 100).round(1)}% vs JSON)"
+  end
+  puts
+
+  # Readability (tokens approximation for LLM contexts)
+  puts "Human Readability & LLM Token Estimate:"
+  puts "-" * 80
+  json_tokens = (json_size / 4.0).ceil
+  yaml_tokens = (yaml_size / 4.0).ceil
+  toon_tokens = (toon_size / 4.0).ceil
+
+  puts "JSON:       ~#{json_tokens} tokens (human-readable)"
+  puts "YAML:       ~#{yaml_tokens} tokens (human-readable)"
+  puts "TOON:       ~#{toon_tokens} tokens (human-readable, optimized)"
+  puts "MessagePack: N/A (binary format - not human-readable)" if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+  puts
+
+  puts "=" * 80
+end
+
+puts "\nSummary:"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "TOON Format Advantages:"
+puts "  ✓ Human-readable (unlike MessagePack)"
+puts "  ✓ 30-60% token reduction vs JSON (better for LLMs)"
+puts "  ✓ Faster than YAML for encoding/decoding"
+puts "  ✓ Optimal for tabular data (database exports, API responses)"
+puts
+puts "When to use each format:"
+puts "  • JSON:       Universal compatibility, well-established"
+puts "  • YAML:       Configuration files, human editing priority"
+puts "  • TOON:       LLM contexts, API responses, token optimization"
+if MSGPACK_AVAILABLE
+  puts "  • MessagePack: Maximum compression, binary protocols"
+end
+puts "=" * 80

data/benchmark/memory_benchmark.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "toon_format"
+require "json"
+
+# Memory profiling helper
+def measure_memory
+  GC.start
+  GC.disable
+  memory_before = `ps -o rss= -p #{Process.pid}`.to_i
+  yield
+  GC.start
+  memory_after = `ps -o rss= -p #{Process.pid}`.to_i
+  GC.enable
+  memory_after - memory_before
+end
+
+puts "=" * 80
+puts "TOON Format Memory Usage Benchmark"
+puts "=" * 80
+puts
+
+# Test data sets with varying sizes
+data_sets = {
+  "Small (10 records)" => Array.new(10) { |i|
+    { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+  },
+  "Medium (100 records)" => Array.new(100) { |i|
+    { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+  },
+  "Large (1,000 records)" => Array.new(1000) { |i|
+    { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+  },
+  "Very Large (10,000 records)" => Array.new(10_000) { |i|
+    { id: i, name: "User#{i}", email: "user#{i}@example.com", active: i.even? }
+  }
+}
+
+data_sets.each do |name, data|
+  puts name
+  puts "-" * 80
+
+  # Measure JSON encoding memory
+  json_memory = measure_memory do
+    1000.times { JSON.generate(data) }
+  end
+
+  # Measure TOON encoding memory
+  toon_memory = measure_memory do
+    1000.times { ToonFormat.encode(data) }
+  end
+
+  puts "JSON encoding (1000 iterations): #{json_memory} KB"
+  puts "TOON encoding (1000 iterations): #{toon_memory} KB"
+
+  diff = json_memory - toon_memory
+  if diff > 0
+    puts "Memory saved: #{diff} KB (#{((diff / json_memory.to_f) * 100).round(1)}%)"
+  elsif diff < 0
+    puts "Memory overhead: #{diff.abs} KB (#{((diff.abs / json_memory.to_f) * 100).round(1)}%)"
+  else
+    puts "Memory usage: equivalent"
+  end
+  puts
+
+  # Measure decoding memory
+  json_str = JSON.generate(data)
+  toon_str = ToonFormat.encode(data)
+
+  json_decode_memory = measure_memory do
+    1000.times { JSON.parse(json_str) }
+  end
+
+  toon_decode_memory = measure_memory do
+    1000.times { ToonFormat.decode(toon_str) }
+  end
+
+  puts "JSON decoding (1000 iterations): #{json_decode_memory} KB"
+  puts "TOON decoding (1000 iterations): #{toon_decode_memory} KB"
+
+  diff = json_decode_memory - toon_decode_memory
+  if diff > 0
+    puts "Memory saved: #{diff} KB (#{((diff / json_decode_memory.to_f) * 100).round(1)}%)"
+  elsif diff < 0
+    puts "Memory overhead: #{diff.abs} KB (#{((diff.abs / json_decode_memory.to_f) * 100).round(1)}%)"
+  else
+    puts "Memory usage: equivalent"
+  end
+  puts
+  puts "=" * 80
+  puts
+end
+
+puts "Note: Memory measurements show RSS (Resident Set Size) difference"
+puts "Actual memory usage may vary based on Ruby GC behavior and system state"