tokite 4.0.0 → 5.0.0

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/gems/activerecord-8.0.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb

@@ -1,1163 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module ActiveRecord
-  module ConnectionAdapters
-    module PostgreSQL
-      module SchemaStatements
-        # Drops the database specified on the +name+ attribute
-        # and creates it again using the provided +options+.
-        def recreate_database(name, options = {}) # :nodoc:
-          drop_database(name)
-          create_database(name, options)
-        end
-
-        # Create a new PostgreSQL database. Options include <tt>:owner</tt>, <tt>:template</tt>,
-        # <tt>:encoding</tt> (defaults to utf8), <tt>:collation</tt>, <tt>:ctype</tt>,
-        # <tt>:tablespace</tt>, and <tt>:connection_limit</tt> (note that MySQL uses
-        # <tt>:charset</tt> while PostgreSQL uses <tt>:encoding</tt>).
-        #
-        # Example:
-        #   create_database config[:database], config
-        #   create_database 'foo_development', encoding: 'unicode'
-        def create_database(name, options = {})
-          options = { encoding: "utf8" }.merge!(options.symbolize_keys)
-
-          option_string = options.each_with_object(+"") do |(key, value), memo|
-            memo << case key
-                    when :owner
-                      " OWNER = \"#{value}\""
-                    when :template
-                      " TEMPLATE = \"#{value}\""
-                    when :encoding
-                      " ENCODING = '#{value}'"
-                    when :collation
-                      " LC_COLLATE = '#{value}'"
-                    when :ctype
-                      " LC_CTYPE = '#{value}'"
-                    when :tablespace
-                      " TABLESPACE = \"#{value}\""
-                    when :connection_limit
-                      " CONNECTION LIMIT = #{value}"
-                    else
-                      ""
-            end
-          end
-
-          execute "CREATE DATABASE #{quote_table_name(name)}#{option_string}"
-        end
-
-        # Drops a PostgreSQL database.
-        #
-        # Example:
-        #   drop_database 'matt_development'
-        def drop_database(name) # :nodoc:
-          execute "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS #{quote_table_name(name)}"
-        end
-
-        def drop_table(*table_names, **options) # :nodoc:
-          table_names.each { |table_name| schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(table_name.to_s) }
-          execute "DROP TABLE#{' IF EXISTS' if options[:if_exists]} #{table_names.map { |table_name| quote_table_name(table_name) }.join(', ')}#{' CASCADE' if options[:force] == :cascade}"
-        end
-
-        # Returns true if schema exists.
-        def schema_exists?(name)
-          query_value("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = #{quote(name)}", "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
-        end
-
-        # Verifies existence of an index with a given name.
-        def index_name_exists?(table_name, index_name)
-          table = quoted_scope(table_name)
-          index = quoted_scope(index_name)
-
-          query_value(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
-            SELECT COUNT(*)
-            FROM pg_class t
-            INNER JOIN pg_index d ON t.oid = d.indrelid
-            INNER JOIN pg_class i ON d.indexrelid = i.oid
-            LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
-            WHERE i.relkind IN ('i', 'I')
-              AND i.relname = #{index[:name]}
-              AND t.relname = #{table[:name]}
-              AND n.nspname = #{table[:schema]}
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        # Returns an array of indexes for the given table.
-        def indexes(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-
-          result = query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT distinct i.relname, d.indisunique, d.indkey, pg_get_indexdef(d.indexrelid), t.oid,
-                            pg_catalog.obj_description(i.oid, 'pg_class') AS comment, d.indisvalid
-            FROM pg_class t
-            INNER JOIN pg_index d ON t.oid = d.indrelid
-            INNER JOIN pg_class i ON d.indexrelid = i.oid
-            LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
-            WHERE i.relkind IN ('i', 'I')
-              AND d.indisprimary = 'f'
-              AND t.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-            ORDER BY i.relname
-          SQL
-
-          result.map do |row|
-            index_name = row[0]
-            unique = row[1]
-            indkey = row[2].split(" ").map(&:to_i)
-            inddef = row[3]
-            oid = row[4]
-            comment = row[5]
-            valid = row[6]
-            using, expressions, include, nulls_not_distinct, where = inddef.scan(/ USING (\w+?) \((.+?)\)(?: INCLUDE \((.+?)\))?( NULLS NOT DISTINCT)?(?: WHERE (.+))?\z/m).flatten
-
-            orders = {}
-            opclasses = {}
-            include_columns = include ? include.split(",").map { |c| Utils.unquote_identifier(c.strip.gsub('""', '"')) } : []
-
-            if indkey.include?(0)
-              columns = expressions
-            else
-              columns = column_names_from_column_numbers(oid, indkey)
-
-              # prevent INCLUDE columns from being matched
-              columns.reject! { |c| include_columns.include?(c) }
-
-              # add info on sort order (only desc order is explicitly specified, asc is the default)
-              # and non-default opclasses
-              expressions.scan(/(?<column>\w+)"?\s?(?<opclass>\w+_ops(_\w+)?)?\s?(?<desc>DESC)?\s?(?<nulls>NULLS (?:FIRST|LAST))?/).each do |column, opclass, desc, nulls|
-                opclasses[column] = opclass.to_sym if opclass
-                if nulls
-                  orders[column] = [desc, nulls].compact.join(" ")
-                else
-                  orders[column] = :desc if desc
-                end
-              end
-            end
-
-            IndexDefinition.new(
-              table_name,
-              index_name,
-              unique,
-              columns,
-              orders: orders,
-              opclasses: opclasses,
-              where: where,
-              using: using.to_sym,
-              include: include_columns.presence,
-              nulls_not_distinct: nulls_not_distinct.present?,
-              comment: comment.presence,
-              valid: valid
-            )
-          end
-        end
-
-        def table_options(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          options = {}
-
-          comment = table_comment(table_name)
-
-          options[:comment] = comment if comment
-
-          inherited_table_names = inherited_table_names(table_name).presence
-
-          options[:options] = "INHERITS (#{inherited_table_names.join(", ")})" if inherited_table_names
-
-          if !options[:options] && supports_native_partitioning?
-            partition_definition = table_partition_definition(table_name)
-
-            options[:options] = "PARTITION BY #{partition_definition}" if partition_definition
-          end
-
-          options
-        end
-
-        # Returns a comment stored in database for given table
-        def table_comment(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE")
-          if scope[:name]
-            query_value(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-              SELECT pg_catalog.obj_description(c.oid, 'pg_class')
-              FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
-                LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
-              WHERE c.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-                AND c.relkind IN (#{scope[:type]})
-                AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-            SQL
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns the partition definition of a given table
-        def table_partition_definition(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE")
-
-          query_value(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_partkeydef(c.oid)
-            FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
-              LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
-            WHERE c.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND c.relkind IN (#{scope[:type]})
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        # Returns the inherited table name of a given table
-        def inherited_table_names(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE")
-
-          query_values(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT parent.relname
-            FROM pg_catalog.pg_inherits i
-              JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class child ON i.inhrelid = child.oid
-              JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class parent ON i.inhparent = parent.oid
-              LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = child.relnamespace
-            WHERE child.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND child.relkind IN (#{scope[:type]})
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current database name.
-        def current_database
-          query_value("SELECT current_database()", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current schema name.
-        def current_schema
-          query_value("SELECT current_schema", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current database encoding format.
-        def encoding
-          query_value("SELECT pg_encoding_to_char(encoding) FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current database collation.
-        def collation
-          query_value("SELECT datcollate FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current database ctype.
-        def ctype
-          query_value("SELECT datctype FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns an array of schema names.
-        def schema_names
-          query_values(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT nspname
-              FROM pg_namespace
-             WHERE nspname !~ '^pg_.*'
-               AND nspname NOT IN ('information_schema')
-             ORDER by nspname;
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        # Creates a schema for the given schema name.
-        def create_schema(schema_name, force: nil, if_not_exists: nil)
-          if force && if_not_exists
-            raise ArgumentError, "Options `:force` and `:if_not_exists` cannot be used simultaneously."
-          end
-
-          if force
-            drop_schema(schema_name, if_exists: true)
-          end
-
-          execute("CREATE SCHEMA#{' IF NOT EXISTS' if if_not_exists} #{quote_schema_name(schema_name)}")
-        end
-
-        # Drops the schema for the given schema name.
-        def drop_schema(schema_name, **options)
-          execute "DROP SCHEMA#{' IF EXISTS' if options[:if_exists]} #{quote_schema_name(schema_name)} CASCADE"
-        end
-
-        # Sets the schema search path to a string of comma-separated schema names.
-        # Names beginning with $ have to be quoted (e.g. $user => '$user').
-        # See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/ddl-schemas.html
-        #
-        # This should be not be called manually but set in database.yml.
-        def schema_search_path=(schema_csv)
-          if schema_csv
-            internal_execute("SET search_path TO #{schema_csv}")
-            @schema_search_path = schema_csv
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns the active schema search path.
-        def schema_search_path
-          @schema_search_path ||= query_value("SHOW search_path", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the current client message level.
-        def client_min_messages
-          query_value("SHOW client_min_messages", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Set the client message level.
-        def client_min_messages=(level)
-          internal_execute("SET client_min_messages TO '#{level}'", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Returns the sequence name for a table's primary key or some other specified key.
-        def default_sequence_name(table_name, pk = "id") # :nodoc:
-          return nil if pk.is_a?(Array)
-
-          result = serial_sequence(table_name, pk)
-          return nil unless result
-          Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(result).to_s
-        rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
-          PostgreSQL::Name.new(nil, "#{table_name}_#{pk}_seq").to_s
-        end
-
-        def serial_sequence(table, column)
-          query_value("SELECT pg_get_serial_sequence(#{quote(table)}, #{quote(column)})", "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        # Sets the sequence of a table's primary key to the specified value.
-        def set_pk_sequence!(table, value) # :nodoc:
-          pk, sequence = pk_and_sequence_for(table)
-
-          if pk
-            if sequence
-              quoted_sequence = quote_table_name(sequence)
-
-              query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{value})", "SCHEMA")
-            else
-              @logger.warn "#{table} has primary key #{pk} with no default sequence." if @logger
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Resets the sequence of a table's primary key to the maximum value.
-        def reset_pk_sequence!(table, pk = nil, sequence = nil) # :nodoc:
-          unless pk && sequence
-            default_pk, default_sequence = pk_and_sequence_for(table)
-
-            pk ||= default_pk
-            sequence ||= default_sequence
-          end
-
-          if @logger && pk && !sequence
-            @logger.warn "#{table} has primary key #{pk} with no default sequence."
-          end
-
-          if pk && sequence
-            quoted_sequence = quote_table_name(sequence)
-            max_pk = query_value("SELECT MAX(#{quote_column_name pk}) FROM #{quote_table_name(table)}", "SCHEMA")
-            if max_pk.nil?
-              if database_version >= 10_00_00
-                minvalue = query_value("SELECT seqmin FROM pg_sequence WHERE seqrelid = #{quote(quoted_sequence)}::regclass", "SCHEMA")
-              else
-                minvalue = query_value("SELECT min_value FROM #{quoted_sequence}", "SCHEMA")
-              end
-            end
-
-            query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{max_pk || minvalue}, #{max_pk ? true : false})", "SCHEMA")
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns a table's primary key and belonging sequence.
-        def pk_and_sequence_for(table) # :nodoc:
-          # First try looking for a sequence with a dependency on the
-          # given table's primary key.
-          result = query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")[0]
-            SELECT attr.attname, nsp.nspname, seq.relname
-            FROM pg_class      seq,
-                 pg_attribute  attr,
-                 pg_depend     dep,
-                 pg_constraint cons,
-                 pg_namespace  nsp
-            WHERE seq.oid           = dep.objid
-              AND seq.relkind       = 'S'
-              AND attr.attrelid     = dep.refobjid
-              AND attr.attnum       = dep.refobjsubid
-              AND attr.attrelid     = cons.conrelid
-              AND attr.attnum       = cons.conkey[1]
-              AND seq.relnamespace  = nsp.oid
-              AND cons.contype      = 'p'
-              AND dep.classid       = 'pg_class'::regclass
-              AND dep.refobjid      = #{quote(quote_table_name(table))}::regclass
-          SQL
-
-          if result.nil? || result.empty?
-            result = query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")[0]
-              SELECT attr.attname, nsp.nspname,
-                CASE
-                  WHEN pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid) !~* 'nextval' THEN NULL
-                  WHEN split_part(pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid), '''', 2) ~ '.' THEN
-                    substr(split_part(pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid), '''', 2),
-                           strpos(split_part(pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid), '''', 2), '.')+1)
-                  ELSE split_part(pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid), '''', 2)
-                END
-              FROM pg_class       t
-              JOIN pg_attribute   attr ON (t.oid = attrelid)
-              JOIN pg_attrdef     def  ON (adrelid = attrelid AND adnum = attnum)
-              JOIN pg_constraint  cons ON (conrelid = adrelid AND adnum = conkey[1])
-              JOIN pg_namespace   nsp  ON (t.relnamespace = nsp.oid)
-              WHERE t.oid = #{quote(quote_table_name(table))}::regclass
-                AND cons.contype = 'p'
-                AND pg_get_expr(def.adbin, def.adrelid) ~* 'nextval|uuid_generate|gen_random_uuid'
-            SQL
-          end
-
-          pk = result.shift
-          if result.last
-            [pk, PostgreSQL::Name.new(*result)]
-          else
-            [pk, nil]
-          end
-        rescue
-          nil
-        end
-
-        def primary_keys(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          query_values(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT a.attname
-              FROM (
-                     SELECT indrelid, indkey, generate_subscripts(indkey, 1) idx
-                       FROM pg_index
-                      WHERE indrelid = #{quote(quote_table_name(table_name))}::regclass
-                        AND indisprimary
-                   ) i
-              JOIN pg_attribute a
-                ON a.attrelid = i.indrelid
-               AND a.attnum = i.indkey[i.idx]
-             ORDER BY i.idx
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        # Renames a table.
-        # Also renames a table's primary key sequence if the sequence name exists and
-        # matches the Active Record default.
-        #
-        # Example:
-        #   rename_table('octopuses', 'octopi')
-        def rename_table(table_name, new_name, **options)
-          validate_table_length!(new_name) unless options[:_uses_legacy_table_name]
-          clear_cache!
-          schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(table_name.to_s)
-          schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(new_name.to_s)
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} RENAME TO #{quote_table_name(new_name)}"
-          pk, seq = pk_and_sequence_for(new_name)
-          if pk
-            # PostgreSQL automatically creates an index for PRIMARY KEY with name consisting of
-            # truncated table name and "_pkey" suffix fitting into max_identifier_length number of characters.
-            max_pkey_prefix = max_identifier_length - "_pkey".size
-            idx = "#{table_name[0, max_pkey_prefix]}_pkey"
-            new_idx = "#{new_name[0, max_pkey_prefix]}_pkey"
-            execute "ALTER INDEX #{quote_table_name(idx)} RENAME TO #{quote_table_name(new_idx)}"
-
-            # PostgreSQL automatically creates a sequence for PRIMARY KEY with name consisting of
-            # truncated table name and "#{primary_key}_seq" suffix fitting into max_identifier_length number of characters.
-            max_seq_prefix = max_identifier_length - "_#{pk}_seq".size
-            if seq && seq.identifier == "#{table_name[0, max_seq_prefix]}_#{pk}_seq"
-              new_seq = "#{new_name[0, max_seq_prefix]}_#{pk}_seq"
-              execute "ALTER TABLE #{seq.quoted} RENAME TO #{quote_table_name(new_seq)}"
-            end
-          end
-          rename_table_indexes(table_name, new_name, **options)
-        end
-
-        def add_column(table_name, column_name, type, **options) # :nodoc:
-          clear_cache!
-          super
-          change_column_comment(table_name, column_name, options[:comment]) if options.key?(:comment)
-        end
-
-        def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, **options) # :nodoc:
-          clear_cache!
-          sqls, procs = Array(change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, **options)).partition { |v| v.is_a?(String) }
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{sqls.join(", ")}"
-          procs.each(&:call)
-        end
-
-        # Builds a ChangeColumnDefinition object.
-        #
-        # This definition object contains information about the column change that would occur
-        # if the same arguments were passed to #change_column. See #change_column for information about
-        # passing a +table_name+, +column_name+, +type+ and other options that can be passed.
-        def build_change_column_definition(table_name, column_name, type, **options) # :nodoc:
-          td = create_table_definition(table_name)
-          cd = td.new_column_definition(column_name, type, **options)
-          ChangeColumnDefinition.new(cd, column_name)
-        end
-
-        # Changes the default value of a table column.
-        def change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default_or_changes) # :nodoc:
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{change_column_default_for_alter(table_name, column_name, default_or_changes)}"
-        end
-
-        def build_change_column_default_definition(table_name, column_name, default_or_changes) # :nodoc:
-          column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
-          return unless column
-
-          default = extract_new_default_value(default_or_changes)
-          ChangeColumnDefaultDefinition.new(column, default)
-        end
-
-        def change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil) # :nodoc:
-          validate_change_column_null_argument!(null)
-
-          clear_cache!
-          unless null || default.nil?
-            column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
-            execute "UPDATE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} SET #{quote_column_name(column_name)}=#{quote_default_expression(default, column)} WHERE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} IS NULL" if column
-          end
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ALTER COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{null ? 'DROP' : 'SET'} NOT NULL"
-        end
-
-        # Adds comment for given table column or drops it if +comment+ is a +nil+
-        def change_column_comment(table_name, column_name, comment_or_changes) # :nodoc:
-          clear_cache!
-          comment = extract_new_comment_value(comment_or_changes)
-          execute "COMMENT ON COLUMN #{quote_table_name(table_name)}.#{quote_column_name(column_name)} IS #{quote(comment)}"
-        end
-
-        # Adds comment for given table or drops it if +comment+ is a +nil+
-        def change_table_comment(table_name, comment_or_changes) # :nodoc:
-          clear_cache!
-          comment = extract_new_comment_value(comment_or_changes)
-          execute "COMMENT ON TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} IS #{quote(comment)}"
-        end
-
-        # Renames a column in a table.
-        def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name) # :nodoc:
-          clear_cache!
-          execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{rename_column_sql(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)}")
-          rename_column_indexes(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
-        end
-
-        def add_index(table_name, column_name, **options) # :nodoc:
-          create_index = build_create_index_definition(table_name, column_name, **options)
-          result = execute schema_creation.accept(create_index)
-
-          index = create_index.index
-          execute "COMMENT ON INDEX #{quote_column_name(index.name)} IS #{quote(index.comment)}" if index.comment
-          result
-        end
-
-        def build_create_index_definition(table_name, column_name, **options) # :nodoc:
-          index, algorithm, if_not_exists = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options)
-          CreateIndexDefinition.new(index, algorithm, if_not_exists)
-        end
-
-        def remove_index(table_name, column_name = nil, **options) # :nodoc:
-          table = Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name.to_s)
-
-          if options.key?(:name)
-            provided_index = Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(options[:name].to_s)
-
-            options[:name] = provided_index.identifier
-            table = PostgreSQL::Name.new(provided_index.schema, table.identifier) unless table.schema.present?
-
-            if provided_index.schema.present? && table.schema != provided_index.schema
-              raise ArgumentError.new("Index schema '#{provided_index.schema}' does not match table schema '#{table.schema}'")
-            end
-          end
-
-          return if options[:if_exists] && !index_exists?(table_name, column_name, **options)
-
-          index_to_remove = PostgreSQL::Name.new(table.schema, index_name_for_remove(table.to_s, column_name, options))
-
-          execute "DROP INDEX #{index_algorithm(options[:algorithm])} #{quote_table_name(index_to_remove)}"
-        end
-
-        # Renames an index of a table. Raises error if length of new
-        # index name is greater than allowed limit.
-        def rename_index(table_name, old_name, new_name)
-          validate_index_length!(table_name, new_name)
-
-          schema, = extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name)
-          execute "ALTER INDEX #{quote_table_name(schema) + '.' if schema}#{quote_column_name(old_name)} RENAME TO #{quote_table_name(new_name)}"
-        end
-
-        def index_name(table_name, options) # :nodoc:
-          _schema, table_name = extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name.to_s)
-          super
-        end
-
-        def add_foreign_key(from_table, to_table, **options)
-          assert_valid_deferrable(options[:deferrable])
-
-          super
-        end
-
-        def foreign_keys(table_name)
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-          fk_info = internal_exec_query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            SELECT t2.oid::regclass::text AS to_table, a1.attname AS column, a2.attname AS primary_key, c.conname AS name, c.confupdtype AS on_update, c.confdeltype AS on_delete, c.convalidated AS valid, c.condeferrable AS deferrable, c.condeferred AS deferred, c.conkey, c.confkey, c.conrelid, c.confrelid
-            FROM pg_constraint c
-            JOIN pg_class t1 ON c.conrelid = t1.oid
-            JOIN pg_class t2 ON c.confrelid = t2.oid
-            JOIN pg_attribute a1 ON a1.attnum = c.conkey[1] AND a1.attrelid = t1.oid
-            JOIN pg_attribute a2 ON a2.attnum = c.confkey[1] AND a2.attrelid = t2.oid
-            JOIN pg_namespace t3 ON c.connamespace = t3.oid
-            WHERE c.contype = 'f'
-              AND t1.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND t3.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-            ORDER BY c.conname
-          SQL
-
-          fk_info.map do |row|
-            to_table = Utils.unquote_identifier(row["to_table"])
-            conkey = row["conkey"].scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)
-            confkey = row["confkey"].scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)
-
-            if conkey.size > 1
-              column = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["conrelid"], conkey)
-              primary_key = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["confrelid"], confkey)
-            else
-              column = Utils.unquote_identifier(row["column"])
-              primary_key = row["primary_key"]
-            end
-
-            options = {
-              column: column,
-              name: row["name"],
-              primary_key: primary_key
-            }
-
-            options[:on_delete] = extract_foreign_key_action(row["on_delete"])
-            options[:on_update] = extract_foreign_key_action(row["on_update"])
-            options[:deferrable] = extract_constraint_deferrable(row["deferrable"], row["deferred"])
-
-            options[:validate] = row["valid"]
-
-            ForeignKeyDefinition.new(table_name, to_table, options)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def foreign_tables
-          query_values(data_source_sql(type: "FOREIGN TABLE"), "SCHEMA")
-        end
-
-        def foreign_table_exists?(table_name)
-          query_values(data_source_sql(table_name, type: "FOREIGN TABLE"), "SCHEMA").any? if table_name.present?
-        end
-
-        def check_constraints(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-
-          check_info = internal_exec_query(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            SELECT conname, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid, true) AS constraintdef, c.convalidated AS valid
-            FROM pg_constraint c
-            JOIN pg_class t ON c.conrelid = t.oid
-            JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.connamespace
-            WHERE c.contype = 'c'
-              AND t.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-          SQL
-
-          check_info.map do |row|
-            options = {
-              name: row["conname"],
-              validate: row["valid"]
-            }
-            expression = row["constraintdef"][/CHECK \((.+)\)/m, 1]
-
-            CheckConstraintDefinition.new(table_name, expression, options)
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns an array of exclusion constraints for the given table.
-        # The exclusion constraints are represented as ExclusionConstraintDefinition objects.
-        def exclusion_constraints(table_name)
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-
-          exclusion_info = internal_exec_query(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT conname, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraintdef, c.condeferrable, c.condeferred
-            FROM pg_constraint c
-            JOIN pg_class t ON c.conrelid = t.oid
-            JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.connamespace
-            WHERE c.contype = 'x'
-              AND t.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-          SQL
-
-          exclusion_info.map do |row|
-            method_and_elements, predicate = row["constraintdef"].split(" WHERE ")
-            method_and_elements_parts = method_and_elements.match(/EXCLUDE(?: USING (?<using>\S+))? \((?<expression>.+)\)/)
-            predicate.remove!(/ DEFERRABLE(?: INITIALLY (?:IMMEDIATE|DEFERRED))?/) if predicate
-            predicate = predicate.from(2).to(-3) if predicate # strip 2 opening and closing parentheses
-
-            deferrable = extract_constraint_deferrable(row["condeferrable"], row["condeferred"])
-
-            options = {
-              name: row["conname"],
-              using: method_and_elements_parts["using"].to_sym,
-              where: predicate,
-              deferrable: deferrable
-            }
-
-            ExclusionConstraintDefinition.new(table_name, method_and_elements_parts["expression"], options)
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns an array of unique constraints for the given table.
-        # The unique constraints are represented as UniqueConstraintDefinition objects.
-        def unique_constraints(table_name)
-          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-
-          unique_info = internal_exec_query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            SELECT c.conname, c.conrelid, c.conkey, c.condeferrable, c.condeferred, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraintdef
-            FROM pg_constraint c
-            JOIN pg_class t ON c.conrelid = t.oid
-            JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.connamespace
-            WHERE c.contype = 'u'
-              AND t.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-          SQL
-
-          unique_info.map do |row|
-            conkey = row["conkey"].delete("{}").split(",").map(&:to_i)
-            columns = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["conrelid"], conkey)
-
-            nulls_not_distinct = row["constraintdef"].start_with?("UNIQUE NULLS NOT DISTINCT")
-            deferrable = extract_constraint_deferrable(row["condeferrable"], row["condeferred"])
-
-            options = {
-              name: row["conname"],
-              nulls_not_distinct: nulls_not_distinct,
-              deferrable: deferrable
-            }
-
-            UniqueConstraintDefinition.new(table_name, columns, options)
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Adds a new exclusion constraint to the table. +expression+ is a String
-        # representation of a list of exclusion elements and operators.
-        #
-        #   add_exclusion_constraint :products, "price WITH =, availability_range WITH &&", using: :gist, name: "price_check"
-        #
-        # generates:
-        #
-        #   ALTER TABLE "products" ADD CONSTRAINT price_check EXCLUDE USING gist (price WITH =, availability_range WITH &&)
-        #
-        # The +options+ hash can include the following keys:
-        # [<tt>:name</tt>]
-        #   The constraint name. Defaults to <tt>excl_rails_<identifier></tt>.
-        # [<tt>:deferrable</tt>]
-        #   Specify whether or not the exclusion constraint should be deferrable. Valid values are +false+ or +:immediate+ or +:deferred+ to specify the default behavior. Defaults to +false+.
-        # [<tt>:using</tt>]
-        #   Specify which index method to use when creating this exclusion constraint (e.g. +:btree+, +:gist+ etc).
-        # [<tt>:where</tt>]
-        #   Specify an exclusion constraint on a subset of the table (internally PostgreSQL creates a partial index for this).
-        def add_exclusion_constraint(table_name, expression, **options)
-          options = exclusion_constraint_options(table_name, expression, options)
-          at = create_alter_table(table_name)
-          at.add_exclusion_constraint(expression, options)
-
-          execute schema_creation.accept(at)
-        end
-
-        def exclusion_constraint_options(table_name, expression, options) # :nodoc:
-          assert_valid_deferrable(options[:deferrable])
-
-          options = options.dup
-          options[:name] ||= exclusion_constraint_name(table_name, expression: expression, **options)
-          options
-        end
-
-        # Removes the given exclusion constraint from the table.
-        #
-        #   remove_exclusion_constraint :products, name: "price_check"
-        #
-        # The +expression+ parameter will be ignored if present. It can be helpful
-        # to provide this in a migration's +change+ method so it can be reverted.
-        # In that case, +expression+ will be used by #add_exclusion_constraint.
-        def remove_exclusion_constraint(table_name, expression = nil, **options)
-          excl_name_to_delete = exclusion_constraint_for!(table_name, expression: expression, **options).name
-
-          remove_constraint(table_name, excl_name_to_delete)
-        end
-
-        # Adds a new unique constraint to the table.
-        #
-        #   add_unique_constraint :sections, [:position], deferrable: :deferred, name: "unique_position", nulls_not_distinct: true
-        #
-        # generates:
-        #
-        #   ALTER TABLE "sections" ADD CONSTRAINT unique_position UNIQUE (position) DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
-        #
-        # If you want to change an existing unique index to deferrable, you can use :using_index to create deferrable unique constraints.
-        #
-        #   add_unique_constraint :sections, deferrable: :deferred, name: "unique_position", using_index: "index_sections_on_position"
-        #
-        # The +options+ hash can include the following keys:
-        # [<tt>:name</tt>]
-        #   The constraint name. Defaults to <tt>uniq_rails_<identifier></tt>.
-        # [<tt>:deferrable</tt>]
-        #   Specify whether or not the unique constraint should be deferrable. Valid values are +false+ or +:immediate+ or +:deferred+ to specify the default behavior. Defaults to +false+.
-        # [<tt>:using_index</tt>]
-        #   To specify an existing unique index name. Defaults to +nil+.
-        # [<tt>:nulls_not_distinct</tt>]
-        #   Create a unique constraint where NULLs are treated equally.
-        #   Note: only supported by PostgreSQL version 15.0.0 and greater.
-        def add_unique_constraint(table_name, column_name = nil, **options)
-          options = unique_constraint_options(table_name, column_name, options)
-          at = create_alter_table(table_name)
-          at.add_unique_constraint(column_name, options)
-
-          execute schema_creation.accept(at)
-        end
-
-        def unique_constraint_options(table_name, column_name, options) # :nodoc:
-          assert_valid_deferrable(options[:deferrable])
-
-          if column_name && options[:using_index]
-            raise ArgumentError, "Cannot specify both column_name and :using_index options."
-          end
-
-          options = options.dup
-          options[:name] ||= unique_constraint_name(table_name, column: column_name, **options)
-          options
-        end
-
-        # Removes the given unique constraint from the table.
-        #
-        #   remove_unique_constraint :sections, name: "unique_position"
-        #
-        # The +column_name+ parameter will be ignored if present. It can be helpful
-        # to provide this in a migration's +change+ method so it can be reverted.
-        # In that case, +column_name+ will be used by #add_unique_constraint.
-        def remove_unique_constraint(table_name, column_name = nil, **options)
-          unique_name_to_delete = unique_constraint_for!(table_name, column: column_name, **options).name
-
-          remove_constraint(table_name, unique_name_to_delete)
-        end
-
-        # Maps logical Rails types to PostgreSQL-specific data types.
-        def type_to_sql(type, limit: nil, precision: nil, scale: nil, array: nil, enum_type: nil, **) # :nodoc:
-          sql = \
-            case type.to_s
-            when "binary"
-              # PostgreSQL doesn't support limits on binary (bytea) columns.
-              # The hard limit is 1GB, because of a 32-bit size field, and TOAST.
-              case limit
-              when nil, 0..0x3fffffff; super(type)
-              else raise ArgumentError, "No binary type has byte size #{limit}. The limit on binary can be at most 1GB - 1byte."
-              end
-            when "text"
-              # PostgreSQL doesn't support limits on text columns.
-              # The hard limit is 1GB, according to section 8.3 in the manual.
-              case limit
-              when nil, 0..0x3fffffff; super(type)
-              else raise ArgumentError, "No text type has byte size #{limit}. The limit on text can be at most 1GB - 1byte."
-              end
-            when "integer"
-              case limit
-              when 1, 2; "smallint"
-              when nil, 3, 4; "integer"
-              when 5..8; "bigint"
-              else raise ArgumentError, "No integer type has byte size #{limit}. Use a numeric with scale 0 instead."
-              end
-            when "enum"
-              raise ArgumentError, "enum_type is required for enums" if enum_type.nil?
-
-              enum_type
-            else
-              super
-            end
-
-          sql = "#{sql}[]" if array && type != :primary_key
-          sql
-        end
-
-        # PostgreSQL requires the ORDER BY columns in the select list for distinct queries, and
-        # requires that the ORDER BY include the distinct column.
-        def columns_for_distinct(columns, orders) # :nodoc:
-          order_columns = orders.compact_blank.map { |s|
-            # Convert Arel node to string
-            s = visitor.compile(s) unless s.is_a?(String)
-            # Remove any ASC/DESC modifiers
-            s.gsub(/\s+(?:ASC|DESC)\b/i, "")
-             .gsub(/\s+NULLS\s+(?:FIRST|LAST)\b/i, "")
-          }.compact_blank.map.with_index { |column, i| "#{column} AS alias_#{i}" }
-
-          (order_columns << super).join(", ")
-        end
-
-        def update_table_definition(table_name, base) # :nodoc:
-          PostgreSQL::Table.new(table_name, base)
-        end
-
-        def create_schema_dumper(options) # :nodoc:
-          PostgreSQL::SchemaDumper.create(self, options)
-        end
-
-        # Validates the given constraint.
-        #
-        # Validates the constraint named +constraint_name+ on +accounts+.
-        #
-        #   validate_constraint :accounts, :constraint_name
-        def validate_constraint(table_name, constraint_name)
-          at = create_alter_table table_name
-          at.validate_constraint constraint_name
-
-          execute schema_creation.accept(at)
-        end
-
-        # Validates the given foreign key.
-        #
-        # Validates the foreign key on +accounts.branch_id+.
-        #
-        #   validate_foreign_key :accounts, :branches
-        #
-        # Validates the foreign key on +accounts.owner_id+.
-        #
-        #   validate_foreign_key :accounts, column: :owner_id
-        #
-        # Validates the foreign key named +special_fk_name+ on the +accounts+ table.
-        #
-        #   validate_foreign_key :accounts, name: :special_fk_name
-        #
-        # The +options+ hash accepts the same keys as SchemaStatements#add_foreign_key.
-        def validate_foreign_key(from_table, to_table = nil, **options)
-          fk_name_to_validate = foreign_key_for!(from_table, to_table: to_table, **options).name
-
-          validate_constraint from_table, fk_name_to_validate
-        end
-
-        # Validates the given check constraint.
-        #
-        #   validate_check_constraint :products, name: "price_check"
-        #
-        # The +options+ hash accepts the same keys as {add_check_constraint}[rdoc-ref:ConnectionAdapters::SchemaStatements#add_check_constraint].
-        def validate_check_constraint(table_name, **options)
-          chk_name_to_validate = check_constraint_for!(table_name, **options).name
-
-          validate_constraint table_name, chk_name_to_validate
-        end
-
-        def foreign_key_column_for(table_name, column_name) # :nodoc:
-          _schema, table_name = extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name)
-          super
-        end
-
-        def add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options) # :nodoc:
-          if (where = options[:where]) && table_exists?(table_name) && column_exists?(table_name, where)
-            options[:where] = quote_column_name(where)
-          end
-          super
-        end
-
-        def quoted_include_columns_for_index(column_names) # :nodoc:
-          return quote_column_name(column_names) if column_names.is_a?(Symbol)
-
-          quoted_columns = column_names.each_with_object({}) do |name, result|
-            result[name.to_sym] = quote_column_name(name).dup
-          end
-          add_options_for_index_columns(quoted_columns).values.join(", ")
-        end
-
-        def schema_creation  # :nodoc:
-          PostgreSQL::SchemaCreation.new(self)
-        end
-
-        private
-          def create_table_definition(name, **options)
-            PostgreSQL::TableDefinition.new(self, name, **options)
-          end
-
-          def create_alter_table(name)
-            PostgreSQL::AlterTable.new create_table_definition(name)
-          end
-
-          def new_column_from_field(table_name, field, _definitions)
-            column_name, type, default, notnull, oid, fmod, collation, comment, identity, attgenerated = field
-            type_metadata = fetch_type_metadata(column_name, type, oid.to_i, fmod.to_i)
-            default_value = extract_value_from_default(default)
-
-            if attgenerated.present?
-              default_function = default
-            else
-              default_function = extract_default_function(default_value, default)
-            end
-
-            if match = default_function&.match(/\Anextval\('"?(?<sequence_name>.+_(?<suffix>seq\d*))"?'::regclass\)\z/)
-              serial = sequence_name_from_parts(table_name, column_name, match[:suffix]) == match[:sequence_name]
-            end
-
-            PostgreSQL::Column.new(
-              column_name,
-              default_value,
-              type_metadata,
-              !notnull,
-              default_function,
-              collation: collation,
-              comment: comment.presence,
-              serial: serial,
-              identity: identity.presence,
-              generated: attgenerated
-            )
-          end
-
-          def fetch_type_metadata(column_name, sql_type, oid, fmod)
-            cast_type = get_oid_type(oid, fmod, column_name, sql_type)
-            simple_type = SqlTypeMetadata.new(
-              sql_type: sql_type,
-              type: cast_type.type,
-              limit: cast_type.limit,
-              precision: cast_type.precision,
-              scale: cast_type.scale,
-            )
-            PostgreSQL::TypeMetadata.new(simple_type, oid: oid, fmod: fmod)
-          end
-
-          def sequence_name_from_parts(table_name, column_name, suffix)
-            over_length = [table_name, column_name, suffix].sum(&:length) + 2 - max_identifier_length
-
-            if over_length > 0
-              column_name_length = [(max_identifier_length - suffix.length - 2) / 2, column_name.length].min
-              over_length -= column_name.length - column_name_length
-              column_name = column_name[0, column_name_length - [over_length, 0].min]
-            end
-
-            if over_length > 0
-              table_name = table_name[0, table_name.length - over_length]
-            end
-
-            "#{table_name}_#{column_name}_#{suffix}"
-          end
-
-          def extract_foreign_key_action(specifier)
-            case specifier
-            when "c"; :cascade
-            when "n"; :nullify
-            when "r"; :restrict
-            end
-          end
-
-          def assert_valid_deferrable(deferrable)
-            return if !deferrable || %i(immediate deferred).include?(deferrable)
-
-            raise ArgumentError, "deferrable must be `:immediate` or `:deferred`, got: `#{deferrable.inspect}`"
-          end
-
-          def extract_constraint_deferrable(deferrable, deferred)
-            deferrable && (deferred ? :deferred : :immediate)
-          end
-
-          def reference_name_for_table(table_name)
-            _schema, table_name = extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name.to_s)
-            table_name.singularize
-          end
-
-          def add_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, **options)
-            return super unless options.key?(:comment)
-            [super, Proc.new { change_column_comment(table_name, column_name, options[:comment]) }]
-          end
-
-          def change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, **options)
-            change_col_def = build_change_column_definition(table_name, column_name, type, **options)
-            sqls = [schema_creation.accept(change_col_def)]
-            sqls << Proc.new { change_column_comment(table_name, column_name, options[:comment]) } if options.key?(:comment)
-            sqls
-          end
-
-          def change_column_null_for_alter(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil)
-            if default.nil?
-              "ALTER COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{null ? 'DROP' : 'SET'} NOT NULL"
-            else
-              Proc.new { change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default) }
-            end
-          end
-
-          def add_index_opclass(quoted_columns, **options)
-            opclasses = options_for_index_columns(options[:opclass])
-            quoted_columns.each do |name, column|
-              column << " #{opclasses[name]}" if opclasses[name].present?
-            end
-          end
-
-          def add_options_for_index_columns(quoted_columns, **options)
-            quoted_columns = add_index_opclass(quoted_columns, **options)
-            super
-          end
-
-          def exclusion_constraint_name(table_name, **options)
-            options.fetch(:name) do
-              expression = options.fetch(:expression)
-              identifier = "#{table_name}_#{expression}_excl"
-              hashed_identifier = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(identifier).first(10)
-
-              "excl_rails_#{hashed_identifier}"
-            end
-          end
-
-          def exclusion_constraint_for(table_name, **options)
-            excl_name = exclusion_constraint_name(table_name, **options)
-            exclusion_constraints(table_name).detect { |excl| excl.name == excl_name }
-          end
-
-          def exclusion_constraint_for!(table_name, expression: nil, **options)
-            exclusion_constraint_for(table_name, expression: expression, **options) ||
-              raise(ArgumentError, "Table '#{table_name}' has no exclusion constraint for #{expression || options}")
-          end
-
-          def unique_constraint_name(table_name, **options)
-            options.fetch(:name) do
-              column_or_index = Array(options[:column] || options[:using_index]).map(&:to_s)
-              identifier = "#{table_name}_#{column_or_index * '_and_'}_unique"
-              hashed_identifier = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(identifier).first(10)
-
-              "uniq_rails_#{hashed_identifier}"
-            end
-          end
-
-          def unique_constraint_for(table_name, **options)
-            name = unique_constraint_name(table_name, **options) unless options.key?(:column)
-            unique_constraints(table_name).detect { |unique_constraint| unique_constraint.defined_for?(name: name, **options) }
-          end
-
-          def unique_constraint_for!(table_name, column: nil, **options)
-            unique_constraint_for(table_name, column: column, **options) ||
-              raise(ArgumentError, "Table '#{table_name}' has no unique constraint for #{column || options}")
-          end
-
-          def data_source_sql(name = nil, type: nil)
-            scope = quoted_scope(name, type: type)
-            scope[:type] ||= "'r','v','m','p','f'" # (r)elation/table, (v)iew, (m)aterialized view, (p)artitioned table, (f)oreign table
-
-            sql = +"SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace"
-            sql << " WHERE n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}"
-            sql << " AND c.relname = #{scope[:name]}" if scope[:name]
-            sql << " AND c.relkind IN (#{scope[:type]})"
-            sql
-          end
-
-          def quoted_scope(name = nil, type: nil)
-            schema, name = extract_schema_qualified_name(name)
-            type = \
-              case type
-              when "BASE TABLE"
-                "'r','p'"
-              when "VIEW"
-                "'v','m'"
-              when "FOREIGN TABLE"
-                "'f'"
-              end
-            scope = {}
-            scope[:schema] = schema ? quote(schema) : "ANY (current_schemas(false))"
-            scope[:name] = quote(name) if name
-            scope[:type] = type if type
-            scope
-          end
-
-          def extract_schema_qualified_name(string)
-            name = Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(string.to_s)
-            [name.schema, name.identifier]
-          end
-
-          def column_names_from_column_numbers(table_oid, column_numbers)
-            Hash[query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")].values_at(*column_numbers).compact
-              SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
-              FROM pg_attribute a
-              WHERE a.attrelid = #{table_oid}
-              AND a.attnum IN (#{column_numbers.join(", ")})
-            SQL
-          end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end