tiny_tds 2.1.2 → 3.0.0

data/README.md

@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
 # TinyTDS - Simple and fast FreeTDS bindings for Ruby using DB-Library.
 
-* [![TravisCI](https://travis-ci.org/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds) - TravisCI
-* [![Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/g2bhhbsdkx0mal55/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/rails-sqlserver/tiny-tds/branch/master) - Appveyor
 * [![Gem Version](https://img.shields.io/gem/v/tiny_tds.svg)](https://rubygems.org/gems/tiny_tds) - Gem Version
-* [![Dependency Status](https://dependencyci.com/github/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds/badge)](https://dependencyci.com/github/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds) - Dependency Status
 * [![Gitter chat](https://img.shields.io/badge/%E2%8A%AA%20GITTER%20-JOIN%20CHAT%20%E2%86%92-brightgreen.svg?style=flat)](https://gitter.im/rails-sqlserver/activerecord-sqlserver-adapter) - Community
 
-## Supporting TinyTDS/Adapter
-
-Both TinyTDS and the Rails SQL Server Adapter are MIT-licensed open source projects. Its ongoing development is made possible thanks to the support by these awesome [backers](https://github.com/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds/blob/master/BACKERS.md). If you'd like to join them, check out our [Patreon Campaign](https://www.patreon.com/metaskills).
-
-
 ## About TinyTDS
 
-The TinyTDS gem is meant to serve the extremely common use-case of connecting, querying and iterating over results to Microsoft SQL Server or Sybase databases from Ruby using the FreeTDS's DB-Library API.
+The TinyTDS gem is meant to serve the extremely common use-case of connecting, querying and iterating over results to Microsoft SQL Server from Ruby using the FreeTDS's DB-Library API.
 
-TinyTDS offers automatic casting to Ruby primitives along with proper encoding support. It converts all SQL Server datatypes to native Ruby primitives while supporting :utc or :local time zones for time-like types. To date it is the only Ruby client library that allows client encoding options, defaulting to UTF-8, while connecting to SQL Server. It also  properly encodes all string and binary data. The motivation for TinyTDS is to become the de-facto low level connection mode for the SQL Server Adapter for ActiveRecord.
+TinyTDS offers automatic casting to Ruby primitives along with proper encoding support. It converts all SQL Server datatypes to native Ruby primitives while supporting :utc or :local time zones for time-like types. To date it is the only Ruby client library that allows client encoding options, defaulting to UTF-8, while connecting to SQL Server. It also  properly encodes all string and binary data.
 
 The API is simple and consists of these classes:
 
@@ -26,14 +18,14 @@ The API is simple and consists of these classes:
 
 ## Install
 
-Installing with rubygems should just work. TinyTDS is currently tested on Ruby version 2.0.0 and upward.
+Installing with rubygems should just work. TinyTDS is currently tested on Ruby version 2.7.0 and upward.
 
 ```
 $ gem install tiny_tds
 ```
 
 If you use Windows, we pre-compile TinyTDS with static versions of FreeTDS and supporting libraries.
-If you're using RubyInstaller the binary gem will require that devkit is installed and in your path to operate properly.
+If you're using RubyInstaller, the binary gem will require that devkit is installed and in your path to operate properly.
 
 On all other platforms, we will find these dependencies. It is recommended that you install the latest FreeTDS via your method of choice. For example, here is how to install FreeTDS on Ubuntu. You might also need the `build-essential` and possibly the `libc6-dev` packages.
 
@@ -42,15 +34,15 @@ $ apt-get install wget
 $ apt-get install build-essential
 $ apt-get install libc6-dev
 
-$ wget http://www.freetds.org/files/stable/freetds-1.00.21.tar.gz
-$ tar -xzf freetds-1.00.21.tar.gz
-$ cd freetds-1.00.21
-$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-tdsver=7.3
+$ wget http://www.freetds.org/files/stable/freetds-1.4.23.tar.gz
+$ tar -xzf freetds-1.4.23.tar.gz
+$ cd freetds-1.4.23
+$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-tdsver=7.4
 $ make
 $ make install
 ```
 
-If none exist, our native extension will use MiniPortile to install any missing dependencies listed above for your specific platform. These dependencies will be built and linked within the installed TinyTDS gem. Please read the MiniPortile and/or Windows sections at the end of this file for advanced configuration options past the following:
+Please read the MiniPortile and/or Windows sections at the end of this file for advanced configuration options past the following:
 
 ```
 --with-freetds-dir=DIR
@@ -60,26 +52,22 @@ If none exist, our native extension will use MiniPortile to install any missing
 
 ## Getting Started
 
-Optionally, Microsoft has done a great job writing some articles on how to get started with SQL Server and Ruby using TinyTDS. Please checkout one of the following posts that match your platform.
-
-* [SQL Server on a Mac](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/developer-get-started/ruby/mac)
-* [SQL Server on RHEL](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/developer-get-started/ruby/rhel)
-* [SQL Server on Ubuntu](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/developer-get-started/ruby/ubuntu)
+Optionally, Microsoft has done a great job writing [an article](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/ruby/ruby-driver-for-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver16) on how to get started with SQL Server and Ruby using TinyTDS, however, the articles are using outdated versions.
 
 
 ## FreeTDS Compatibility & Configuration
 
-TinyTDS is developed against FreeTDS 0.95, 0.99, and 1.0 current. Our default and recommended is 1.0. We also test with SQL Server 2008, 2014, and Azure. However, usage of TinyTDS with SQL Server 2000 or 2005 should be just fine. Below are a few QA style notes about installing FreeTDS.
+TinyTDS is developed against FreeTDs 1.1+. We also test with SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022 and Azure. Older version of SQL Server or FreeTDS could work, but are not supported.
 
-**NOTE:** Windows users of our pre-compiled native gems need not worry about installing FreeTDS and its dependencies.
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+>
+> Windows users of our pre-compiled native gems need not worry about installing FreeTDS and its dependencies.
 
-* **Do I need to install FreeTDS?** Yes! Somehow, someway, you are going to need FreeTDS for TinyTDS to compile against. You can avoid installing FreeTDS on your system by using our projects usage of rake-compiler and mini_portile to compile and package a native gem just for you. See the "Using MiniPortile" section below.
+* **Do I need to install FreeTDS?** Yes! Somehow, someway, you are going to need FreeTDS for TinyTDS to compile against.
 
 * **OK, I am installing FreeTDS, how do I configure it?** Contrary to what most people think, you do not need to specially configure FreeTDS in any way for client libraries like TinyTDS to use it. About the only requirement is that you compile it with libiconv for proper encoding support. FreeTDS must also be compiled with OpenSSL (or the like) to use it with Azure. See the "Using TinyTDS with Azure" section below for more info.
 
-* **Do I need to configure `--with-tdsver` equal to anything?** Most likely! Technically you should not have too. This is only a default for clients/configs that do not specify what TDS version they want to use. We are currently having issues with passing down a TDS version with the login bit. Till we get that fixed, if you are not using a freetds.conf or a TDSVER environment variable, then make sure to use 7.1.
-
-* **But I want to use TDS version 7.2 for SQL Server 2005 and up!** TinyTDS uses TDS version 7.1 (previously named 8.0) and fully supports all the data types supported by FreeTDS, this includes `varchar(max)` and `nvarchar(max)`. Technically compiling and using TDS version 7.2 with FreeTDS is not supported. But this does not mean those data types will not work. I know, it's confusing If you want to learn more, read this thread. http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/freetds/2011q3/027306.html
+* **Do I need to configure `--with-tdsver` equal to anything?** Most likely! Technically you should not have to. This is only a default for clients/configs that do not specify what TDS version they want to use. We are currently having issues with passing down a TDS version with the login bit. Till we get that fixed, if you are not using a freetds.conf or a TDSVER environment variable, then make sure to use 7.4.
 
 * **I want to configure FreeTDS using `--enable-msdblib` and/or `--enable-sybase-compat` so it works for my database. Cool?** It's a waste of time and totally moot! Client libraries like TinyTDS define their own C structure names where they diverge from Sybase to SQL Server. Technically we use the MSDBLIB structures which does not mean we only work with that database vs Sybase. These configs are just a low level default for C libraries that do not define what they want. So I repeat, you do not NEED to use any of these, nor will they hurt anything since we control what C structure names we use internally!
 
@@ -88,7 +76,7 @@ TinyTDS is developed against FreeTDS 0.95, 0.99, and 1.0 current. Our default an
 
 Our goal is to support every SQL Server data type and covert it to a logical Ruby object. When dates or times are returned, they are instantiated to either `:utc` or `:local` time depending on the query options. Only [datetimeoffset] types are excluded. All strings are associated the to the connection's encoding and all binary data types are associated to Ruby's `ASCII-8BIT/BINARY` encoding.
 
-Below is a list of the data types we support when using the 7.3 TDS protocol version. Using a lower protocol version will result in these types being returned as strings.
+Below is a list of the data types we support when using the 7.4 TDS protocol version. Using a lower protocol version will result in these types being returned as strings.
 
 * [date]
 * [datetime2]
@@ -115,7 +103,7 @@ Creating a new client takes a hash of options. For valid iconv encoding options,
 * :appname - Short string seen in SQL Servers process/activity window.
 * :tds_version - TDS version. Defaults to "7.3".
 * :login_timeout - Seconds to wait for login. Default to 60 seconds.
-* :timeout - Seconds to wait for a response to a SQL command. Default 5 seconds. Prior to 1.0rc5, FreeTDS was unable to set the timeout on a per-client basis, permitting only a global timeout value. This means that if you're using an older version, the timeout values for all clients will be overwritten each time you instantiate a new `TinyTds::Client` object. If you are using 1.0rc5 or later, all clients will have an independent timeout setting as you'd expect.
+* :timeout - Seconds to wait for a response to a SQL command. Default 5 seconds. Timeouts caused by network failure will raise a timeout error 1 second after the configured timeout limit is hit (see [#481](https://github.com/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds/pull/481) for details).
 * :encoding - Any valid iconv value like CP1251 or ISO-8859-1. Default UTF-8.
 * :azure - Pass true to signal that you are connecting to azure.
 * :contained - Pass true to signal that you are connecting with a contained database user.
@@ -327,9 +315,13 @@ By default row caching is turned on because the SQL Server adapter for ActiveRec
 TinyTDS takes an opinionated stance on how we handle encoding errors. First, we treat errors differently on reads vs. writes. Our opinion is that if you are reading bad data due to your client's encoding option, you would rather just find `?` marks in your strings vs being blocked with exceptions. This is how things wold work via ODBC or SMS. On the other hand, writes will raise an exception. In this case we raise the SYBEICONVO/2402 error message which has a description of `Error converting characters into server's character set. Some character(s) could not be converted.`. Even though the severity of this message is only a `4` and TinyTDS will automatically strip/ignore unknown characters, we feel you should know that you are inserting bad encodings. In this way, a transaction can be rolled back, etc. Remember, any database write that has bad characters due to the client encoding will still be written to the database, but it is up to you rollback said write if needed. Most ORMs like ActiveRecord handle this scenario just fine.
 
 
+## Timeout Error Handling
+
+TinyTDS will raise a `TinyTDS::Error` when a timeout is reached based on the options supplied to the client. Depending on the reason for the timeout, the connection could be dead or alive. When db processing is the cause for the timeout, the connection should still be usable after the error is raised. When network failure is the cause of the timeout, the connection will be dead. If you attempt to execute another command batch on a dead connection you will see a `DBPROCESS is dead or not enabled` error. Therefore, it is recommended to check for a `dead?` connection before trying to execute another command batch.
+
 ## Binstubs
 
-The TinyTDS gem uses binstub wrappers which mirror compiled [FreeTDS Utilities](http://www.freetds.org/userguide/usefreetds.htm) binaries. These native executables are usually installed at the system level when installing FreeTDS. However, when using MiniPortile to install TinyTDS as we do with Windows binaries, these binstubs will find and prefer local gem `exe` directory executables. These are the following binstubs we wrap.
+The TinyTDS gem uses binstub wrappers which mirror compiled [FreeTDS Utilities](https://www.freetds.org/userguide/usefreetds.html) binaries. These native executables are usually installed at the system level when installing FreeTDS. However, when using MiniPortile to install TinyTDS as we do with Windows binaries, these binstubs will find and prefer local gem `exe` directory executables. These are the following binstubs we wrap.
 
 * tsql - Used to test connections and debug compile time settings.
 * defncopy - Used to dump schema structures.
@@ -393,24 +385,16 @@ Please read our [thread_test.rb](https://github.com/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds/blo
 
 ## Emoji Support 😍
 
-This is possible using FreeTDS version 0.95 or higher. You must use the `use_utf16` login option or add the following config to your `freetds.conf` in either the global section or a specfic dataserver. If you are on Windows, the default location for your conf file will be in `C:\Sites`.
-
-```ini
-[global]
-  use utf-16 = true
-```
-
-The default is true and since FreeTDS v1.0 would do this as well.
-
+This is possible. Since FreeTDS v1.0, utf-16 is enabled by default and supported by tiny_tds. You can toggle it by using `use_utf16` when establishing the connection.
 
 ## Compiling Gems for Windows
 
-For the convenience of Windows users, TinyTDS ships pre-compiled gems for Ruby 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 on Windows. In order to generate these gems, [rake-compiler-dock](https://github.com/rake-compiler/rake-compiler-dock) is used. This project provides a [Docker image](https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/larskanis/rake-compiler-dock/) with rvm, cross-compilers and a number of different target versions of Ruby.
+For the convenience of Windows users, TinyTDS ships pre-compiled gems for supported versions of Ruby on Windows. In order to generate these gems, [rake-compiler-dock](https://github.com/rake-compiler/rake-compiler-dock) is used. This project provides several [Docker images](https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/larskanis/) with rvm, cross-compilers and a number of different target versions of Ruby.
 
 Run the following rake task to compile the gems for Windows. This will check the availability of [Docker](https://www.docker.com/) (and boot2docker on Windows or OS-X) and will give some advice for download and installation. When docker is running, it will download the docker image (once-only) and start the build:
 
 ```
-$ rake gem:windows
+$ rake gem:native
 ```
 
 The compiled gems will exist in `./pkg` directory.
@@ -424,30 +408,27 @@ First, clone the repo using the command line or your Git GUI of choice.
 $ git clone git@github.com:rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds.git
 ```
 
-After that, the quickest way to get setup for development is to use [Docker](https://www.docker.com/). Assuming you have [downloaded docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker) for your platform and you have , you can run our test setup script.
+After that, the quickest way to get setup for development is to use [Docker](https://www.docker.com/). Assuming you have [downloaded docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker) for your platform, you can use [docker-compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) to run the necessary containers for testing.
 
 ```shell
-$ ./test/bin/setup.sh
+$ docker-compose up -d
 ```
 
-This will download our SQL Server for Linux Docker image based from [microsoft/mssql-server-linux/](https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/mssql-server-linux/). Our image already has the `[tinytdstest]` DB and `tinytds` users created. Basically, it does the following.
+This will download the official SQL Server for Linux Docker image from [Microsoft](https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/mssql-server-linux/). This will also download a [toxiproxy](https://github.com/shopify/toxiproxy) Docker image which we can use to simulate network failures for tests. Basically, it does the following:
 
 ```shell
-$ docker pull metaskills/mssql-server-linux-tinytds
-$ docker run -p 1433:1433 -d metaskills/mssql-server-linux-tinytds
+$ docker network create main-network
+$ docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2017-latest
+$ docker run -p 1433:1433 -d --name sqlserver --network main-network mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2017-latest
+$ docker pull shopify/toxiproxy
+$ docker run -p 8474:8474 -p 1234:1234 -d --name toxiproxy --network main-network shopify/toxiproxy
 ```
 
-If you are using your own database. Make sure to run these SQL commands as SA to get the test database and user installed.
+Make sure to run these SQL scripts as SA to get the test database and user installed. If needed, install [sqlcmd as described by Microsoft for your platform](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/tools/sqlcmd/sqlcmd-utility?view=sql-server-ver16&tabs=go%2Clinux&pivots=cs1-bash).
 
-```sql
-CREATE DATABASE [tinytdstest];
-```
-
-```sql
-CREATE LOGIN [tinytds] WITH PASSWORD = '', CHECK_POLICY = OFF, DEFAULT_DATABASE = [tinytdstest];
-USE [tinytdstest];
-CREATE USER [tinytds] FOR LOGIN [tinytds];
-EXEC sp_addrolemember N'db_owner', N'tinytds';
+```shell
+/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P super01S3cUr3 -i ./test/sql/db-create.sql
+/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P super01S3cUr3 -i ./test/sql/db-login.sql
 ```
 
 From here you can build and run tests against an installed version of FreeTDS.
@@ -461,11 +442,21 @@ Examples us using enviornment variables to customize the test task.
 
 ```
 $ rake TINYTDS_UNIT_DATASERVER=mydbserver
-$ rake TINYTDS_UNIT_DATASERVER=mydbserver TINYTDS_SCHEMA=sqlserver_2008
+$ rake TINYTDS_UNIT_DATASERVER=mydbserver TINYTDS_SCHEMA=sqlserver_2017
 $ rake TINYTDS_UNIT_HOST=mydb.host.net TINYTDS_SCHEMA=sqlserver_azure
-$ rake TINYTDS_UNIT_HOST=mydb.host.net TINYTDS_UNIT_PORT=5000 TINYTDS_SCHEMA=sybase_ase
 ```
 
+## Docker Builds
+
+If you use a [multi stage](https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/multistage-build/) Docker build to assemble your gems in one phase and then copy your app and gems
+into another, lighter, container without build tools you will need to make sure you tell the OS how to find dependencies for TinyTDS.
+
+After you have built and installed FreeTDS it will normally place library files in `/usr/local/lib`. When TinyTDS builds native extensions,
+it [already knows to look here](https://github.com/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds/blob/master/ext/tiny_tds/extconf.rb#L31) but if you copy your app to a new container that link will be broken.
+
+Set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable `export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}` and run `ldconfig`. If you run `ldd tiny_tds.so` you should not see any broken links. Make
+sure you also copied in the library dependencies from your build container with a command like `COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib`.
+
 ## Help & Support
 
 * Github Source: http://github.com/rails-sqlserver/tiny_tds

data/Rakefile

@@ -6,19 +6,29 @@ require 'rake/extensiontask'
 require_relative './ext/tiny_tds/extconsts'
 
 SPEC = Gem::Specification.load(File.expand_path('../tiny_tds.gemspec', __FILE__))
+
+ruby_cc_ucrt_versions = "3.3.0:3.2.0:3.1.0".freeze
+ruby_cc_mingw32_versions = "3.0.0:2.7.0".freeze
+
 GEM_PLATFORM_HOSTS = {
-  'x86-mingw32' => 'i686-w64-mingw32',
-  'x64-mingw32' => 'x86_64-w64-mingw32'
+  'x64-mingw32' => {
+    host: 'x86_64-w64-mingw32',
+    ruby_versions: ruby_cc_mingw32_versions
+  },
+  'x64-mingw-ucrt' => {
+    host: 'x86_64-w64-mingw32',
+    ruby_versions: ruby_cc_ucrt_versions
+  },
 }
 
 # Add our project specific files to clean for a rebuild
 CLEAN.include FileList["{ext,lib}/**/*.{so,#{RbConfig::CONFIG['DLEXT']},o}"],
-  FileList["exe/*"]
+              FileList["exe/*"]
 
 # Clobber all our temp files and ports files including .install files
 # and archives
 CLOBBER.include FileList["tmp/**/*"],
-  FileList["ports/**/*"].exclude(%r{^ports/archives})
+                FileList["ports/**/*"].exclude(%r{^ports/archives})
 
 Dir['tasks/*.rake'].sort.each { |f| load f }
 
@@ -32,15 +42,11 @@ Rake::ExtensionTask.new('tiny_tds', SPEC) do |ext|
     # The fat binary gem doesn't depend on the freetds package, since it bundles the library.
     spec.metadata.delete('msys2_mingw_dependencies')
 
-    platform_host_map = GEM_PLATFORM_HOSTS
-    gemplat = spec.platform.to_s
-    host = platform_host_map[gemplat]
-
     # We don't need the sources in a fat binary gem
     spec.files = spec.files.reject { |f| f =~ %r{^ports\/archives/} }
 
     # Make sure to include the ports binaries and libraries
-    spec.files += FileList["ports/#{host}/**/**/{bin,lib}/*"].exclude do |f|
+    spec.files += FileList["ports/#{spec.platform.to_s}/**/**/{bin,lib}/*"].exclude do |f|
       File.directory? f
     end
 
@@ -50,4 +56,3 @@ end
 
 task build: [:clean, :compile]
 task default: [:build, :test]
-

data/VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-2.1.2
+3.0.0

data/docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+version: '3'
+
+networks:
+  main-network:
+
+services:
+  mssql:
+    image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:${MSSQL_VERSION:-2017}-latest
+    container_name: sqlserver
+    environment:
+      ACCEPT_EULA: Y
+      MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD: super01S3cUr3
+    ports:
+      - "1433:1433"
+    network_mode: "host"
+
+  toxiproxy:
+    image: shopify/toxiproxy
+    container_name: toxiproxy
+    command: '/toxiproxy -host=127.0.0.1'
+    network_mode: "host"
+
+  cimgruby:
+    image: "cimg/ruby:${RUBY_VERSION:-2.7}"
+    container_name: cimg_ruby
+    environment:
+      TESTOPTS: '-v'
+      TINYTDS_UNIT_HOST: '127.0.0.1'
+      SA_PASSWORD: super01S3cUr3
+      TOXIPROXY_HOST: '127.0.0.1'
+    command: tail -F anything
+    volumes:
+      - .:/home/circleci/project
+    network_mode: "host"

data/ext/tiny_tds/client.c

@@ -24,25 +24,25 @@ VALUE opt_escape_regex, opt_escape_dblquote;
 
 // Lib Backend (Helpers)
 
-VALUE rb_tinytds_raise_error(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int is_message, int cancel, const char *error, const char *source, int severity, int dberr, int oserr) {
+VALUE rb_tinytds_raise_error(DBPROCESS *dbproc, tinytds_errordata error) {
   VALUE e;
   GET_CLIENT_USERDATA(dbproc);
-  if (cancel && !dbdead(dbproc) && userdata && !userdata->closed) {
+  if (error.cancel && !dbdead(dbproc) && userdata && !userdata->closed) {
     userdata->dbsqlok_sent = 1;
     dbsqlok(dbproc);
     userdata->dbcancel_sent = 1;
     dbcancel(dbproc);
   }
-  e = rb_exc_new2(cTinyTdsError, error);
-  rb_funcall(e, intern_source_eql, 1, rb_str_new2(source));
-  if (severity)
-    rb_funcall(e, intern_severity_eql, 1, INT2FIX(severity));
-  if (dberr)
-    rb_funcall(e, intern_db_error_number_eql, 1, INT2FIX(dberr));
-  if (oserr)
-    rb_funcall(e, intern_os_error_number_eql, 1, INT2FIX(oserr));
-
-  if (severity <= 10 && is_message) {
+  e = rb_exc_new2(cTinyTdsError, error.error);
+  rb_funcall(e, intern_source_eql, 1, rb_str_new2(error.source));
+  if (error.severity)
+    rb_funcall(e, intern_severity_eql, 1, INT2FIX(error.severity));
+  if (error.dberr)
+    rb_funcall(e, intern_db_error_number_eql, 1, INT2FIX(error.dberr));
+  if (error.oserr)
+    rb_funcall(e, intern_os_error_number_eql, 1, INT2FIX(error.oserr));
+
+  if (error.severity <= 10 && error.is_message) {
     VALUE message_handler = userdata && userdata->message_handler ? userdata->message_handler : Qnil;
     if (message_handler && message_handler != Qnil && rb_respond_to(message_handler, intern_call) != 0) {
       rb_funcall(message_handler, intern_call, 1, e);
@@ -57,6 +57,16 @@ VALUE rb_tinytds_raise_error(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int is_message, int cancel, cons
 
 
 // Lib Backend (Memory Management & Handlers)
+static void push_userdata_error(tinytds_client_userdata *userdata, tinytds_errordata error) {
+  // reallocate memory for the array as needed
+  if (userdata->nonblocking_errors_size == userdata->nonblocking_errors_length) {
+    userdata->nonblocking_errors_size *= 2;
+    userdata->nonblocking_errors = realloc(userdata->nonblocking_errors, userdata->nonblocking_errors_size * sizeof(tinytds_errordata));
+  }
+
+  userdata->nonblocking_errors[userdata->nonblocking_errors_length] = error;
+  userdata->nonblocking_errors_length++;
+}
 
 int tinytds_err_handler(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int severity, int dberr, int oserr, char *dberrstr, char *oserrstr) {
   static const char *source = "error";
@@ -86,6 +96,13 @@ int tinytds_err_handler(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int severity, int dberr, int oserr, c
       but we don't ever want to automatically retry. Instead have the app
       decide what to do.
       */
+      if (userdata && userdata->timing_out) {
+        return INT_CANCEL;
+      }
+      // userdata will not be set if hitting timeout during login so check for it first
+      if (userdata) {
+        userdata->timing_out = 1;
+      }
       return_value = INT_TIMEOUT;
       cancel = 1;
       break;
@@ -99,6 +116,16 @@ int tinytds_err_handler(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int severity, int dberr, int oserr, c
       break;
   }
 
+  tinytds_errordata error_data = {
+    .is_message = 0,
+    .cancel = cancel,
+    .severity = severity,
+    .dberr = dberr,
+    .oserr = oserr
+  };
+  strncpy(error_data.error, dberrstr, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
+  strncpy(error_data.source, source, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
+
   /*
   When in non-blocking mode we need to store the exception data to throw it
   once the blocking call returns, otherwise we will segfault ruby since part
@@ -110,27 +137,9 @@ int tinytds_err_handler(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int severity, int dberr, int oserr, c
       dbcancel(dbproc);
       userdata->dbcancel_sent = 1;
     }
-
-    /*
-    If we've already captured an error message, don't overwrite it. This is
-    here because FreeTDS sends a generic "General SQL Server error" message
-    that will overwrite the real message. This is not normally a problem
-    because a ruby exception is normally thrown and we bail before the
-    generic message can be sent.
-    */
-    if (!userdata->nonblocking_error.is_set) {
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.is_message = 0;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.cancel = cancel;
-      strncpy(userdata->nonblocking_error.error, dberrstr, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
-      strncpy(userdata->nonblocking_error.source, source, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.severity = severity;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.dberr = dberr;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.oserr = oserr;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.is_set = 1;
-    }
-
+    push_userdata_error(userdata, error_data);
   } else {
-    rb_tinytds_raise_error(dbproc, 0, cancel, dberrstr, source, severity, dberr, oserr);
+    rb_tinytds_raise_error(dbproc, error_data);
   }
 
   return return_value;
@@ -142,36 +151,72 @@ int tinytds_msg_handler(DBPROCESS *dbproc, DBINT msgno, int msgstate, int severi
 
   int is_message_an_error = severity > 10 ? 1 : 0;
 
+  tinytds_errordata error_data = {
+    .is_message = !is_message_an_error,
+    .cancel = is_message_an_error,
+    .severity = severity,
+    .dberr = msgno,
+    .oserr = msgstate
+  };
+  strncpy(error_data.error, msgtext, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
+  strncpy(error_data.source, source, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
+
   // See tinytds_err_handler() for info about why we do this
   if (userdata && userdata->nonblocking) {
-    if (!userdata->nonblocking_error.is_set) {
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.is_message = !is_message_an_error;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.cancel = is_message_an_error;
-      strncpy(userdata->nonblocking_error.error, msgtext, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
-      strncpy(userdata->nonblocking_error.source, source, ERROR_MSG_SIZE);
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.severity = severity;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.dberr = msgno;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.oserr = msgstate;
-      userdata->nonblocking_error.is_set = 1;
-    }
+    /*
+    In the case of non-blocking command batch execution we can receive multiple messages
+    (including errors). We keep track of those here so they can be processed once the
+    non-blocking call returns.
+    */
+    push_userdata_error(userdata, error_data);
 
     if (is_message_an_error && !dbdead(dbproc) && !userdata->closed) {
       dbcancel(dbproc);
       userdata->dbcancel_sent = 1;
     }
   } else {
-    rb_tinytds_raise_error(dbproc, !is_message_an_error, is_message_an_error, msgtext, source, severity, msgno, msgstate);
+    rb_tinytds_raise_error(dbproc, error_data);
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+Used by dbsetinterrupt -
+This gets called periodically while waiting on a read from the server
+Right now, we only care about cases where a read from the server is
+taking longer than the specified timeout and dbcancel is not working.
+In these cases we decide that we actually want to handle the interrupt
+*/
+static int check_interrupt(void *ptr) {
+  GET_CLIENT_USERDATA((DBPROCESS *)ptr);
+  return userdata->timing_out;
+}
+
+/*
+Used by dbsetinterrupt -
+This gets called if check_interrupt returns TRUE.
+Right now, this is only used in cases where a read from the server is
+taking longer than the specified timeout and dbcancel is not working.
+Return INT_CANCEL to abort the current command batch.
+*/
+static int handle_interrupt(void *ptr) {
+  GET_CLIENT_USERDATA((DBPROCESS *)ptr);
+  if (userdata->timing_out) {
+    return INT_CANCEL;
+  }
+  return INT_CONTINUE;
+}
+
 static void rb_tinytds_client_reset_userdata(tinytds_client_userdata *userdata) {
   userdata->timing_out = 0;
   userdata->dbsql_sent = 0;
   userdata->dbsqlok_sent = 0;
   userdata->dbcancel_sent = 0;
   userdata->nonblocking = 0;
-  userdata->nonblocking_error.is_set = 0;
+  // the following is mainly done for consistency since the values are reset accordingly in nogvl_setup/cleanup.
+  // the nonblocking_errors array does not need to be freed here. That is done as part of nogvl_cleanup.
+  userdata->nonblocking_errors_length = 0;
+  userdata->nonblocking_errors_size = 0;
 }
 
 static void rb_tinytds_client_mark(void *ptr) {
@@ -187,6 +232,7 @@ static void rb_tinytds_client_free(void *ptr) {
     dbloginfree(cwrap->login);
   if (cwrap->client && !cwrap->closed) {
     dbclose(cwrap->client);
+    cwrap->client = NULL;
     cwrap->closed = 1;
     cwrap->userdata->closed = 1;
   }
@@ -218,6 +264,7 @@ static VALUE rb_tinytds_close(VALUE self) {
   GET_CLIENT_WRAPPER(self);
   if (cwrap->client && !cwrap->closed) {
     dbclose(cwrap->client);
+    cwrap->client = NULL;
     cwrap->closed = 1;
     cwrap->userdata->closed = 1;
   }
@@ -252,8 +299,7 @@ static VALUE rb_tinytds_execute(VALUE self, VALUE sql) {
   REQUIRE_OPEN_CLIENT(cwrap);
   dbcmd(cwrap->client, StringValueCStr(sql));
   if (dbsqlsend(cwrap->client) == FAIL) {
-    rb_warn("TinyTds: dbsqlsend() returned FAIL.\n");
-    return Qfalse;
+    rb_raise(cTinyTdsError, "failed dbsqlsend() function");
   }
   cwrap->userdata->dbsql_sent = 1;
   result = rb_tinytds_new_result_obj(cwrap);
@@ -357,17 +403,15 @@ static VALUE rb_tinytds_connect(VALUE self, VALUE opts) {
       #endif
     }
   }
-  #ifdef DBSETUTF16
-    if (use_utf16 == Qtrue)  { DBSETLUTF16(cwrap->login, 1); }
-    if (use_utf16 == Qfalse) { DBSETLUTF16(cwrap->login, 0); }
-  #else
-    if (use_utf16 == Qtrue || use_utf16 == Qfalse) {
-      rb_warning("TinyTds: Please consider upgrading to FreeTDS 0.99 or higher for better unicode support.\n");
-    }
-  #endif
+  if (use_utf16 == Qtrue)  { DBSETLUTF16(cwrap->login, 1); }
+  if (use_utf16 == Qfalse) { DBSETLUTF16(cwrap->login, 0); }
 
   cwrap->client = dbopen(cwrap->login, StringValueCStr(dataserver));
   if (cwrap->client) {
+    if (dbtds(cwrap->client) < 11) {
+      rb_raise(cTinyTdsError, "connecting with a TDS version older than 7.3!");
+    }
+
     VALUE transposed_encoding, timeout_string;
 
     cwrap->closed = 0;
@@ -381,17 +425,14 @@ static VALUE rb_tinytds_connect(VALUE self, VALUE opts) {
       }
     }
     dbsetuserdata(cwrap->client, (BYTE*)cwrap->userdata);
+    dbsetinterrupt(cwrap->client, check_interrupt, handle_interrupt);
     cwrap->userdata->closed = 0;
     if (!NIL_P(database) && (azure != Qtrue)) {
       dbuse(cwrap->client, StringValueCStr(database));
     }
     transposed_encoding = rb_funcall(cTinyTdsClient, intern_transpose_iconv_encoding, 1, charset);
     cwrap->encoding = rb_enc_find(StringValueCStr(transposed_encoding));
-    if (dbtds(cwrap->client) <= 7) {
-      cwrap->identity_insert_sql = "SELECT CAST(@@IDENTITY AS bigint) AS Ident";
-    } else {
-      cwrap->identity_insert_sql = "SELECT CAST(SCOPE_IDENTITY() AS bigint) AS Ident";
-    }
+    cwrap->identity_insert_sql = "SELECT CAST(SCOPE_IDENTITY() AS bigint) AS Ident";
   }
   return self;
 }

data/ext/tiny_tds/client.h

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 void init_tinytds_client();
 
 #define ERROR_MSG_SIZE 1024
+#define ERRORS_STACK_INIT_SIZE 2
 
 typedef struct {
-  short int is_set;
   int is_message;
   int cancel;
   char error[ERROR_MSG_SIZE];
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ typedef struct {
   RETCODE dbsqlok_retcode;
   short int dbcancel_sent;
   short int nonblocking;
-  tinytds_errordata nonblocking_error;
+  short int nonblocking_errors_length;
+  short int nonblocking_errors_size;
+  tinytds_errordata *nonblocking_errors;
   VALUE message_handler;
 } tinytds_client_userdata;
 
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ typedef struct {
   rb_encoding *encoding;
 } tinytds_client_wrapper;
 
-VALUE rb_tinytds_raise_error(DBPROCESS *dbproc, int is_message, int cancel, const char *error, const char *source, int severity, int dberr, int oserr);
+VALUE rb_tinytds_raise_error(DBPROCESS *dbproc, tinytds_errordata error);
 
 // Lib Macros