testcentricity_web 4.3.1 → 4.4.1

data/lib/testcentricity_web/web_core/webdriver_helper.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 require 'selenium-webdriver'
 require 'os'
 require 'browserstack/local'
-require 'webdrivers'
 require 'fileutils'
 
 
@@ -10,41 +9,47 @@ module TestCentricity
     include Capybara::DSL
 
     attr_accessor :bs_local
+    attr_accessor :initialized
     attr_accessor :downloads_path
     attr_accessor :endpoint
     attr_accessor :capabilities
+    attr_accessor :drivers
 
     def self.initialize_web_driver(options = nil)
+      @initialized ||= false
+      initialize_downloads unless @initialized
       @endpoint = nil
       @capabilities = nil
+      Environ.driver_name = nil
+      Environ.device_orientation = nil
       if options.is_a?(String)
         Capybara.app_host = options
       elsif options.is_a?(Hash)
         Capybara.app_host = options[:app_host] if options.key?(:app_host)
         @endpoint = options[:endpoint] if options.key?(:endpoint)
-        @capabilities = options[:desired_capabilities] if options.key?(:desired_capabilities)
+        @capabilities = options[:capabilities] if options.key?(:capabilities)
+        Environ.driver = options[:driver] if options.key?(:driver)
+        Environ.driver_name = options[:driver_name] if options.key?(:driver_name)
+        Environ.device_type = options[:device_type] if options.key?(:device_type)
+        Environ.browser_size = if options.key?(:browser_size)
+          options[:browser_size]
+        else
+          ENV['BROWSER_SIZE'] if ENV['BROWSER_SIZE']
+        end
       end
       # determine browser type and driver
-      Environ.browser = ENV['WEB_BROWSER'] if ENV['WEB_BROWSER']
-      Environ.driver = if ENV['DRIVER']
-                         ENV['DRIVER'].downcase.to_sym
-                       else
-                         :webdriver
-                       end
-      # set downloads folder path
-      @downloads_path = "#{Dir.pwd}/downloads"
-      if ENV['PARALLEL']
-        Environ.parallel = true
-        Environ.process_num = ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER']
-        if Dir.exist?(@downloads_path)
-          @downloads_path = "#{@downloads_path}/#{ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER']}"
-          Dir.mkdir(@downloads_path) unless Dir.exist?(@downloads_path)
-        end
+      if @capabilities.nil?
+        Environ.driver = ENV['DRIVER'].downcase.to_sym if ENV['DRIVER']
+        Environ.browser = ENV['WEB_BROWSER'] if ENV['WEB_BROWSER']
+        Environ.device_orientation = ENV['ORIENTATION'] if ENV['ORIENTATION']
       else
-        Environ.parallel = false
+        Environ.browser = @capabilities[:browserName]
+        Environ.device_orientation = @capabilities[:orientation] if @capabilities[:orientation]
+        Environ.device_orientation = @capabilities[:'appium:orientation'] if @capabilities[:'appium:orientation']
       end
-      @downloads_path = @downloads_path.tr('/', "\\") if OS.windows?
-
+      Environ.browser = Environ.browser.downcase.to_sym if Environ.browser.is_a?(String)
+      Environ.driver = :webdriver if Environ.driver.nil?
+      Environ.device_type = ENV['DEVICE_TYPE'] if ENV['DEVICE_TYPE']
       # assume that we're testing within a local desktop web browser
       Environ.platform    = :desktop
       Environ.headless    = false
@@ -56,13 +61,11 @@ module TestCentricity
                   initialize_appium
                   'Appium'
                 when :webdriver
-                  if ENV['SELENIUM'] == 'remote'
-                    initialize_remote
-                    'Selenium Grid'
-                  else
-                    initialize_local_browser
-                    'local browser instance'
-                  end
+                  initialize_local_browser
+                  'local browser instance'
+                when :selenium_grid, :grid
+                  initialize_remote
+                  'Selenium Grid'
                 when :browserstack
                   initialize_browserstack
                   'Browserstack cloud service'
@@ -70,41 +73,76 @@ module TestCentricity
                   initialize_testingbot
                   'TestingBot cloud service'
                   # :nocov:
-                when :lambdatest
-                  initialize_lambdatest
-                  'LambdaTest cloud service'
                 when :saucelabs
                   initialize_saucelabs
                   'Sauce Labs cloud service'
+                when :lambdatest
+                  initialize_lambdatest
+                  'LambdaTest cloud service'
                   # :nocov:
+                else
+                  raise "#{Environ.driver} is not a supported driver"
                 end
 
       # set browser window size only if testing with a desktop web browser
-      unless Environ.is_device? || Environ.is_simulator? || Capybara.current_driver == :appium
+      unless Environ.is_device? || Environ.is_simulator? || Environ.driver == :appium
         initialize_browser_size
       end
 
       # set Capybara's server port if PARALLEL_PORT is true
-      Capybara.server_port = 9887 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i if ENV['PARALLEL'] && ENV['PARALLEL_PORT']
+      Capybara.server_port = 9887 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i if Environ.parallel
 
       Environ.session_state = :running
       puts "Using #{Environ.browser} browser via #{context}"
+      # add the new driver to the driver queue
+      @drivers[Environ.driver_name] = Environ.driver_state
     end
 
-    def self.set_domain(url)
-      Capybara.app_host = url
+    def self.activate_driver(driver_name)
+      driver_state = @drivers[driver_name]
+      raise "Could not find a driver named '#{driver_name}'" if driver_state.nil?
+
+      Environ.restore_driver_state(driver_state)
+      Capybara.current_driver = driver_name
+      Capybara.default_driver = driver_name
+    end
+
+    # Return the number of driver instances
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    def self.num_drivers
+      @drivers.length
+    end
+
+    # Close all browsers and terminate all driver instances
+    def self.close_all_drivers
+      @drivers.each do |key, _value|
+        Environ.restore_driver_state(@drivers[key])
+        Capybara.current_driver = key
+        Capybara.default_driver = key
+        Capybara.page.driver.quit
+        Capybara.current_session.quit
+        @drivers.delete(key)
+      end
+      Capybara.reset_sessions!
+      Environ.session_state = :quit
+      Capybara.current_driver = nil
+      @drivers = {}
+      @initialized = false
     end
 
     def self.initialize_browser_size
-      # tile browser windows if running in multiple parallel threads and BROWSER_TILE environment variable is true
-      if ENV['PARALLEL'] && ENV['BROWSER_TILE']
-        # :nocov:
-        thread = ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
+      # tile browser windows if BROWSER_TILE environment variable is true and running in multiple parallel threads
+      if ENV['BROWSER_TILE'] && (Environ.parallel || @drivers.length > 1)
+        thread = if Environ.parallel
+                   ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
+                 else
+                   @drivers.length
+                 end
         if thread > 1
           Browsers.set_browser_window_position(100 * thread - 1, 100 * thread - 1)
           sleep(1)
         end
-        # :nocov:
       else
         Browsers.set_browser_window_position(10, 10)
         sleep(1)
@@ -112,20 +150,30 @@ module TestCentricity
 
       browser = Environ.browser.to_s
       if Environ.is_desktop?
-        if ENV['BROWSER_SIZE'] == 'max'
+        case
+        when ENV['BROWSER_SIZE'] == 'max'
           Browsers.maximize_browser
-        elsif ENV['BROWSER_SIZE']
+        when ENV['BROWSER_SIZE']
           Browsers.set_browser_window_size(ENV['BROWSER_SIZE'])
+        when Environ.browser_size == 'max'
+          Browsers.maximize_browser
+        when Environ.browser_size
+          Browsers.set_browser_window_size(Environ.browser_size)
         else
-          Browsers.set_browser_window_size(Browsers.browser_size(browser, ENV['ORIENTATION']))
+          Browsers.set_browser_window_size(Browsers.browser_size(browser, Environ.device_orientation))
         end
       elsif Environ.is_mobile? && !Environ.is_device?
-        Browsers.set_browser_window_size(Browsers.browser_size(browser, ENV['ORIENTATION']))
+        Browsers.set_browser_window_size(Browsers.browser_size(browser, Environ.device_orientation))
       end
       Environ.session_state = :running
     end
 
     # :nocov:
+
+    def self.set_domain(url)
+      Capybara.app_host = url
+    end
+
     def self.close_tunnel
       unless @bs_local.nil?
         @bs_local.stop
@@ -140,86 +188,98 @@ module TestCentricity
 
     private
 
+    def self.initialize_downloads
+      @drivers = {}
+      # set downloads folder path
+      @downloads_path = "#{Dir.pwd}/downloads"
+      if ENV['PARALLEL']
+        Environ.parallel = true
+        Environ.process_num = ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER']
+        Environ.process_num = '1' if Environ.process_num.blank?
+        if Dir.exist?(@downloads_path)
+          @downloads_path = "#{@downloads_path}/#{Environ.process_num}"
+          Dir.mkdir(@downloads_path) unless Dir.exist?(@downloads_path)
+        end
+      else
+        Environ.parallel = false
+      end
+      @downloads_path = @downloads_path.tr('/', "\\") if OS.windows?
+      @initialized = true
+    end
+
     def self.initialize_appium
       Environ.platform = :mobile
       Environ.device = :simulator
-      Environ.browser = ENV['APP_BROWSER']
-      Environ.device_name = ENV['APP_DEVICE']
-      Environ.device_os = ENV['APP_PLATFORM_NAME'].downcase.to_sym
-      Environ.device_type = ENV['DEVICE_TYPE'] if ENV['DEVICE_TYPE']
-      Environ.device_os_version = ENV['APP_VERSION']
-      Environ.device_orientation = ENV['ORIENTATION'] if ENV['ORIENTATION']
-      Capybara.default_driver = :appium
-      Environ.driver = :appium
-      # define capabilites
-      desired_capabilities = if @capabilities.nil?
-                               desired_capabilities = {
-                                 platformName: Environ.device_os,
-                                 platformVersion: Environ.device_os_version,
-                                 browserName: Environ.browser,
-                                 deviceName: Environ.device_name
-                               }
-                               desired_capabilities[:avd] = ENV['APP_DEVICE'] if Environ.device_os == :android
-                               desired_capabilities[:automationName] = ENV['AUTOMATION_ENGINE'] if ENV['AUTOMATION_ENGINE']
-                               if ENV['UDID']
-                                 # :nocov:
-                                 Environ.device = :device
-                                 desired_capabilities[:udid] = ENV['UDID']
-                                 desired_capabilities[:xcodeOrgId] = ENV['TEAM_ID'] if ENV['TEAM_ID']
-                                 desired_capabilities[:xcodeSigningId] = ENV['TEAM_NAME'] if ENV['TEAM_NAME']
-                                 # :nocov:
-                               else
-                                 desired_capabilities[:orientation] = Environ.device_orientation.upcase if Environ.device_orientation
-                                 if Environ.device_os == :ios
-                                   desired_capabilities[:language] = Environ.language if Environ.language
-                                   desired_capabilities[:locale] = Environ.locale.gsub('-', '_') if Environ.locale
-                                 end
-                               end
-                               desired_capabilities[:safariIgnoreFraudWarning] = ENV['APP_IGNORE_FRAUD_WARNING'] if ENV['APP_IGNORE_FRAUD_WARNING']
-                               desired_capabilities[:safariInitialUrl] = ENV['APP_INITIAL_URL'] if ENV['APP_INITIAL_URL']
-                               desired_capabilities[:safariAllowPopups] = ENV['APP_ALLOW_POPUPS'] if ENV['APP_ALLOW_POPUPS']
-                               desired_capabilities[:shutdownOtherSimulators] = ENV['SHUTDOWN_OTHER_SIMS'] if ENV['SHUTDOWN_OTHER_SIMS']
-                               desired_capabilities[:forceSimulatorSoftwareKeyboardPresence] = ENV['SHOW_SIM_KEYBOARD'] if ENV['SHOW_SIM_KEYBOARD']
-
-                               desired_capabilities[:autoAcceptAlerts] = ENV['AUTO_ACCEPT_ALERTS'] if ENV['AUTO_ACCEPT_ALERTS']
-                               desired_capabilities[:autoDismissAlerts] = ENV['AUTO_DISMISS_ALERTS'] if ENV['AUTO_DISMISS_ALERTS']
-                               desired_capabilities[:isHeadless] = ENV['HEADLESS'] if ENV['HEADLESS']
-
-                               desired_capabilities[:newCommandTimeout] = ENV['NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT'] if ENV['NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT']
-                               desired_capabilities[:noReset] = ENV['APP_NO_RESET'] if ENV['APP_NO_RESET']
-                               desired_capabilities[:fullReset] = ENV['APP_FULL_RESET'] if ENV['APP_FULL_RESET']
-                               desired_capabilities[:webkitDebugProxyPort] = ENV['WEBKIT_DEBUG_PROXY_PORT'] if ENV['WEBKIT_DEBUG_PROXY_PORT']
-                               desired_capabilities[:webDriverAgentUrl] = ENV['WEBDRIVER_AGENT_URL'] if ENV['WEBDRIVER_AGENT_URL']
-                               desired_capabilities[:usePrebuiltWDA] = ENV['USE_PREBUILT_WDA'] if ENV['USE_PREBUILT_WDA']
-                               desired_capabilities[:useNewWDA] = ENV['USE_NEW_WDA'] if ENV['USE_NEW_WDA']
-                               desired_capabilities[:chromedriverExecutable] = ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_EXECUTABLE'] if ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_EXECUTABLE']
-                               # set wdaLocalPort (iOS) or systemPort (Android) if PARALLEL_PORT is true
-                               if ENV['PARALLEL'] && ENV['PARALLEL_PORT']
-                                 # :nocov:
-                                 if Environ.device_os == :ios
-                                   desired_capabilities[:wdaLocalPort] = 8100 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
-                                 else
-                                   desired_capabilities[:systemPort] = 8200 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
-                                 end
-                                 # :nocov:
-                               else
-                                 desired_capabilities[:wdaLocalPort] = ENV['WDA_LOCAL_PORT'] if ENV['WDA_LOCAL_PORT']
-                                 desired_capabilities[:systemPort]   = ENV['SYSTEM_PORT'] if ENV['SYSTEM_PORT']
-                               end
-                               desired_capabilities
-                             else
-                               @capabilities
-                             end
+      # define capabilities
+      caps = if @capabilities.nil?
+               Environ.browser = ENV['APP_BROWSER']
+               Environ.device_name = ENV['APP_DEVICE']
+               Environ.device_os = ENV['APP_PLATFORM_NAME'].downcase.to_sym
+               Environ.device_os_version = ENV['APP_VERSION']
+               caps = {
+                 platformName: Environ.device_os,
+                 browserName: Environ.browser,
+                 'appium:platformVersion': Environ.device_os_version,
+                 'appium:deviceName': Environ.device_name
+               }
+               caps[:'appium:avd'] = ENV['APP_DEVICE'] if Environ.device_os == :android
+               caps[:'appium:automationName'] = ENV['AUTOMATION_ENGINE'] if ENV['AUTOMATION_ENGINE']
+               if ENV['UDID']
+                 # :nocov:
+                 Environ.device = :device
+                 caps[:'appium:udid'] = ENV['UDID']
+                 caps[:'appium:xcodeOrgId'] = ENV['TEAM_ID'] if ENV['TEAM_ID']
+                 caps[:'appium:xcodeSigningId'] = ENV['TEAM_NAME'] if ENV['TEAM_NAME']
+                 # :nocov:
+               else
+                 caps[:'appium:orientation'] = Environ.device_orientation.upcase if Environ.device_orientation
+                 if Environ.device_os == :ios
+                   caps[:'appium:language'] = Environ.language if Environ.language
+                   caps[:'appium:locale'] = Environ.locale.gsub('-', '_') if Environ.locale
+                 end
+               end
+               caps[:'appium:safariIgnoreFraudWarning'] = ENV['APP_IGNORE_FRAUD_WARNING'] if ENV['APP_IGNORE_FRAUD_WARNING']
+               caps[:'appium:safariInitialUrl'] = ENV['APP_INITIAL_URL'] if ENV['APP_INITIAL_URL']
+               caps[:'appium:safariAllowPopups'] = ENV['APP_ALLOW_POPUPS'] if ENV['APP_ALLOW_POPUPS']
+               caps[:'appium:shutdownOtherSimulators'] = ENV['SHUTDOWN_OTHER_SIMS'] if ENV['SHUTDOWN_OTHER_SIMS']
+               caps[:'appium:forceSimulatorSoftwareKeyboardPresence'] = ENV['SHOW_SIM_KEYBOARD'] if ENV['SHOW_SIM_KEYBOARD']
+
+               caps[:'appium:autoAcceptAlerts'] = ENV['AUTO_ACCEPT_ALERTS'] if ENV['AUTO_ACCEPT_ALERTS']
+               caps[:'appium:autoDismissAlerts'] = ENV['AUTO_DISMISS_ALERTS'] if ENV['AUTO_DISMISS_ALERTS']
+               caps[:'appium:isHeadless'] = ENV['HEADLESS'] if ENV['HEADLESS']
+
+               caps[:'appium:newCommandTimeout'] = ENV['NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT'] if ENV['NEW_COMMAND_TIMEOUT']
+               caps[:'appium:noReset'] = ENV['APP_NO_RESET'] if ENV['APP_NO_RESET']
+               caps[:'appium:fullReset'] = ENV['APP_FULL_RESET'] if ENV['APP_FULL_RESET']
+               caps[:'appium:webkitDebugProxyPort'] = ENV['WEBKIT_DEBUG_PROXY_PORT'] if ENV['WEBKIT_DEBUG_PROXY_PORT']
+               caps[:'appium:webDriverAgentUrl'] = ENV['WEBDRIVER_AGENT_URL'] if ENV['WEBDRIVER_AGENT_URL']
+               caps[:'appium:usePrebuiltWDA'] = ENV['USE_PREBUILT_WDA'] if ENV['USE_PREBUILT_WDA']
+               caps[:'appium:useNewWDA'] = ENV['USE_NEW_WDA'] if ENV['USE_NEW_WDA']
+               caps[:'appium:chromedriverExecutable'] = ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_EXECUTABLE'] if ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_EXECUTABLE']
+               # set wdaLocalPort (iOS) or systemPort (Android) if PARALLEL_PORT is true
+               if Environ.parallel
+                 # :nocov:
+                 if Environ.device_os == :ios
+                   caps[:'appium:wdaLocalPort'] = 8100 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
+                 else
+                   caps[:'appium:systemPort'] = 8200 + ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'].to_i
+                 end
+                 # :nocov:
+               else
+                 caps[:'appium:wdaLocalPort'] = ENV['WDA_LOCAL_PORT'] if ENV['WDA_LOCAL_PORT']
+                 caps[:'appium:systemPort']   = ENV['SYSTEM_PORT'] if ENV['SYSTEM_PORT']
+               end
+               caps
+             else
+               Environ.device_os = @capabilities[:platformName]
+               Environ.device_os_version = @capabilities[:'appium:platformVersion']
+               Environ.device_name = @capabilities[:'appium:deviceName']
+               @capabilities
+             end
       # specify endpoint url
       @endpoint = 'http://localhost:4723/wd/hub' if @endpoint.nil?
 
-      Capybara.register_driver(:appium) do |app|
-        all_options = {
-          appium_lib: { server_url: @endpoint },
-          caps:       desired_capabilities
-        }
-        Appium::Capybara::Driver.new(app, all_options)
-      end
+      register_remote_driver(Environ.browser, caps)
     end
 
     def self.initialize_local_browser
@@ -235,83 +295,72 @@ module TestCentricity
                      'unknown'
                      # :nocov:
                    end
-      browser = Environ.browser.downcase.to_sym
-
-      case browser
-      when :firefox, :chrome, :ie, :safari, :edge
+      case Environ.browser
+      when :firefox, :chrome, :safari, :edge, :chrome_headless, :firefox_headless, :edge_headless
         Environ.platform = :desktop
-      when :chrome_headless, :firefox_headless, :edge_headless
-        Environ.platform = :desktop
-        Environ.headless = true
       else
         Environ.platform = :mobile
         Environ.device_name = Browsers.mobile_device_name(Environ.browser)
       end
 
-      Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
+      Capybara.register_driver driver_name do |app|
+        browser = Environ.browser
         case browser
-        when :safari, :ie
+        when :safari
           Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: browser)
         when :firefox, :firefox_headless
           options = firefox_options(browser)
-          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :firefox, capabilities: [options])
+          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :firefox, options: options)
         when :chrome, :chrome_headless
           options = chrome_edge_options(browser)
-          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome, capabilities: [options])
+          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome, options: options)
         when :edge, :edge_headless
           options = chrome_edge_options(browser)
-          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :edge, capabilities: [options])
+          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :edge, options: options)
         else
-          if ENV['HOST_BROWSER'] && ENV['HOST_BROWSER'].downcase.to_sym == :chrome
-            user_agent = Browsers.mobile_device_agent(Environ.browser)
-            options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new
-            options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
-            options.add_argument("--user-agent='#{user_agent}'")
-            options.add_argument("--lang=#{ENV['LOCALE']}") if ENV['LOCALE']
-            Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome, capabilities: [options])
-          else
-            raise "Requested browser '#{browser}' is not supported"
-          end
+          user_agent = Browsers.mobile_device_agent(Environ.browser)
+          options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
+          options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
+          options.add_argument("--user-agent='#{user_agent}'")
+          options.add_argument("--lang=#{ENV['LOCALE']}") if ENV['LOCALE']
+          Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome, options: options)
         end
       end
-      Capybara.default_driver = :selenium
+      Capybara.default_driver = Environ.driver_name
     end
 
     def self.initialize_remote
       Environ.grid = :selenium_grid
-      browser  = Environ.browser.downcase.to_sym
-      @endpoint = ENV['REMOTE_ENDPOINT'] || 'http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub' if @endpoint.nil?
-
+      browser = Environ.browser
+      @endpoint = if @endpoint.nil?
+                    ENV['REMOTE_ENDPOINT'] if ENV['REMOTE_ENDPOINT']
+                  else
+                    'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub'
+                  end
       case browser
         # :nocov:
       when :safari
         options = Selenium::WebDriver::Safari::Options.new
-      when :ie
-        options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
         # :nocov:
       when :firefox, :firefox_headless
         options = firefox_options(browser)
       when :chrome, :chrome_headless, :edge, :edge_headless
         options = chrome_edge_options(browser)
       else
-        if ENV['HOST_BROWSER'] && ENV['HOST_BROWSER'].downcase.to_sym == :chrome
-          Environ.platform = :mobile
-          Environ.device_name = Browsers.mobile_device_name(Environ.browser)
-          user_agent = Browsers.mobile_device_agent(Environ.browser)
-          options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new
-          options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
-          options.add_argument("--user-agent='#{user_agent}'")
-          options.add_argument("--lang=#{ENV['LOCALE']}") if ENV['LOCALE']
-        else
-          raise "Requested browser '#{browser}' is not supported on Selenium Grid"
-        end
+        Environ.platform = :mobile
+        Environ.device_name = Browsers.mobile_device_name(Environ.browser)
+        user_agent = Browsers.mobile_device_agent(Environ.browser)
+        options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new
+        options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
+        options.add_argument("--user-agent='#{user_agent}'")
+        options.add_argument("--lang=#{ENV['LOCALE']}") if ENV['LOCALE']
       end
 
-      Capybara.register_driver :remote_browser do |app|
+      Capybara.register_driver driver_name do |app|
         Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app,
                                        browser: :remote,
                                        url: @endpoint,
-                                       capabilities: [options]).tap do |driver|
+                                       options: options).tap do |driver|
           # configure file_detector for remote uploads
           driver.browser.file_detector = lambda do |args|
             str = args.first.to_s
@@ -319,19 +368,23 @@ module TestCentricity
           end
         end
       end
-      Capybara.current_driver = :remote_browser
-      Capybara.default_driver = :remote_browser
+      Capybara.current_driver = Environ.driver_name
+      Capybara.default_driver = Environ.driver_name
     end
 
     def self.initialize_browserstack
-      browser = ENV['BS_BROWSER']
+      # determine browser type
+      Environ.browser = if @capabilities.nil?
+                          ENV['BS_BROWSER'] if ENV['BS_BROWSER']
+                        else
+                          @capabilities[:browserName]
+                        end
+      browser = Environ.browser
       Environ.grid = :browserstack
-      Environ.os = "#{ENV['BS_OS']} #{ENV['BS_OS_VERSION']}"
       if ENV['BS_REAL_MOBILE'] || ENV['BS_DEVICE']
         Environ.platform    = :mobile
         Environ.device_name = ENV['BS_DEVICE']
         Environ.device_os   = ENV['BS_OS']
-        Environ.device_orientation = ENV['ORIENTATION'] if ENV['ORIENTATION']
         Environ.device = if ENV['BS_REAL_MOBILE']
                            :device
                          else
@@ -339,7 +392,7 @@ module TestCentricity
                          end
       end
       # specify endpoint url
-      @endpoint = "http://#{ENV['BS_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['BS_AUTHKEY']}@hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub" if @endpoint.nil?
+      @endpoint = "https://#{ENV['BS_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['BS_AUTHKEY']}@hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub" if @endpoint.nil?
       # :nocov:
       # enable tunneling if specified
       if ENV['TUNNELING']
@@ -355,6 +408,7 @@ module TestCentricity
       # :nocov:
       # define BrowserStack options
       options = if @capabilities.nil?
+                  Environ.os = "#{ENV['BS_OS']} #{ENV['BS_OS_VERSION']}"
                   browser_options = {}
                   # define the required set of BrowserStack options
                   bs_options = {
@@ -401,7 +455,7 @@ module TestCentricity
                   else
                     # define desktop browser options
                     bs_options[:resolution] = ENV['RESOLUTION'] if ENV['RESOLUTION']
-                    bs_options[:seleniumVersion] = '4.3.0'
+                    bs_options[:seleniumVersion] = '4.15.0'
                     {
                       browserName: browser,
                       browserVersion: ENV['BS_VERSION'],
@@ -409,42 +463,57 @@ module TestCentricity
                     }
                   end
                 else
+                  bs_options = @capabilities[:'bstack:options']
+                  Environ.os = "#{bs_options[:os]} #{bs_options[:osVersion]}"
+                  if bs_options.key?(:deviceName)
+                    Environ.platform = :mobile
+                    Environ.device_name = bs_options[:deviceName]
+                    Environ.device_os = bs_options[:osVersion]
+                    Environ.device = if bs_options.key?(:realMobile)
+                                       :device
+                                     else
+                                       :simulator
+                                     end
+                    Environ.device_orientation = bs_options[:deviceOrientation] if bs_options.key?(:deviceOrientation)
+                  end
                   @capabilities
                 end
-      register_remote_driver(:browserstack, browser, options)
-      # configure file_detector for remote uploads
-      config_file_uploads
+      register_remote_driver(browser, options)
+      # configure file_detector for remote uploads if target is desktop web browser
+      config_file_uploads if Environ.platform == :desktop
       Environ.tunneling = ENV['TUNNELING'] if ENV['TUNNELING']
-      Environ.device_type = ENV['DEVICE_TYPE'] if ENV['DEVICE_TYPE']
     end
 
     def self.initialize_testingbot
-      browser = ENV['TB_BROWSER']
+      # determine browser type
+      Environ.browser = if @capabilities.nil?
+                          ENV['TB_BROWSER'] if ENV['TB_BROWSER']
+                        else
+                          @capabilities[:browserName]
+                        end
+      browser = Environ.browser
       Environ.grid = :testingbot
-
-      Environ.os = ENV['TB_OS']
       if ENV['TB_PLATFORM']
-        Environ.device_orientation = ENV['ORIENTATION'] if ENV['ORIENTATION']
-        Environ.device_os   = ENV['TB_PLATFORM']
+        Environ.device_os = ENV['TB_PLATFORM']
         Environ.device_name = ENV['TB_DEVICE']
-        Environ.device      = :device
-        Environ.platform    = :mobile
-        Environ.device_type = ENV['DEVICE_TYPE'] if ENV['DEVICE_TYPE']
+        Environ.platform = :mobile
+        Environ.device = :simulator
       else
         Environ.platform = :desktop
       end
       # specify endpoint url
       if @endpoint.nil?
         url = ENV['TUNNELING'] ? '@localhost:4445/wd/hub' : '@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub'
-        @endpoint = "http://#{ENV['TB_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['TB_AUTHKEY']}#{url}"
+        @endpoint = "https://#{ENV['TB_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['TB_AUTHKEY']}#{url}"
       end
       # define TestingBot options
       options = if @capabilities.nil?
+                  Environ.os = ENV['TB_OS']
                   # define the required set of TestingBot options
                   tb_options = { build: test_context_message }
                   # define the optional TestingBot options
                   tb_options[:name] = ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT'] if ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT']
-                  tb_options['timeZone'] = ENV['TIME_ZONE'] if ENV['TIME_ZONE']
+                  tb_options[:timeZone] = ENV['TIME_ZONE'] if ENV['TIME_ZONE']
                   tb_options['testingbot.geoCountryCode'] = ENV['GEO_LOCATION'] if ENV['GEO_LOCATION']
                   tb_options[:screenrecorder] = ENV['RECORD_VIDEO'] if ENV['RECORD_VIDEO']
                   tb_options[:screenshot] = ENV['SCREENSHOTS'] if ENV['SCREENSHOTS']
@@ -456,7 +525,7 @@ module TestCentricity
                   else
                     # define desktop browser options
                     tb_options['screen-resolution'] = ENV['RESOLUTION'] if ENV['RESOLUTION']
-                    tb_options['selenium-version'] = '4.3.0'
+                    tb_options['selenium-version'] = '4.14.1'
                   end
                   {
                     browserName: browser,
@@ -465,24 +534,112 @@ module TestCentricity
                     'tb:options': tb_options
                   }
                 else
+                  tb_options = @capabilities[:'tb:options']
+                  Environ.os = @capabilities[:platformName]
+                  if tb_options.key?(:deviceName)
+                    Environ.platform = :mobile
+                    Environ.device_name = tb_options[:deviceName]
+                    Environ.device_os = @capabilities[:browserVersion]
+                    Environ.device_orientation = tb_options[:orientation] if tb_options.key?(:orientation)
+                    Environ.device = :simulator
+                  end
                   @capabilities
                 end
-      register_remote_driver(:testingbot, browser, options)
+      register_remote_driver(browser, options)
       # configure file_detector for remote uploads if target is desktop web browser
-      config_file_uploads unless ENV['TB_PLATFORM']
+      config_file_uploads if Environ.platform == :desktop
     end
 
     # :nocov:
+    def self.initialize_saucelabs
+      # determine browser type
+      Environ.browser = if @capabilities.nil?
+                          ENV['SL_BROWSER'] if ENV['SL_BROWSER']
+                        else
+                          @capabilities[:browserName]
+                        end
+      browser = Environ.browser
+      Environ.grid = :saucelabs
+
+      if ENV['SL_PLATFORM']
+        Environ.device_name = ENV['SL_DEVICE']
+        Environ.platform = :mobile
+        Environ.device = :simulator
+      elsif ENV['SL_OS']
+        Environ.platform = :desktop
+        Environ.os = ENV['SL_OS']
+      end
+      # specify endpoint url
+      if @endpoint.nil?
+        @endpoint = "https://#{ENV['SL_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['SL_AUTHKEY']}@ondemand.#{ENV['DATA_CENTER']}.saucelabs.com:443/wd/hub"
+      end
+      # define SauceLab options
+      options = if @capabilities.nil?
+                  # define the required set of SauceLab options
+                  sl_options = {
+                    username: ENV['SL_USERNAME'],
+                    access_key: ENV['SL_AUTHKEY'],
+                    build: test_context_message
+                  }
+                  # define the optional SauceLab options
+                  sl_options[:name] = ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT'] if ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT']
+                  sl_options[:recordVideo] = ENV['RECORD_VIDEO'] if ENV['RECORD_VIDEO']
+                  sl_options[:recordScreenshots] = ENV['SCREENSHOTS'] if ENV['SCREENSHOTS']
+                  # define mobile device options
+                  if ENV['SL_PLATFORM']
+                    sl_options[:deviceOrientation] = ENV['ORIENTATION'].upcase if ENV['ORIENTATION']
+                    sl_options[:appium_version] = '1.22.3'
+                    {
+                      browserName: browser,
+                      platform_name: ENV['SL_PLATFORM'],
+                      'appium:deviceName': ENV['SL_DEVICE'],
+                      'appium:platformVersion': ENV['SL_VERSION'],
+                      'appium:automationName': ENV['AUTOMATION_ENGINE'],
+                      'sauce:options': sl_options
+                    }
+                  else
+                    # define desktop browser options
+                    sl_options[:screenResolution] = ENV['RESOLUTION'] if ENV['RESOLUTION']
+                    {
+                      browserName: browser,
+                      browser_version: ENV['SL_VERSION'],
+                      platform_name: ENV['SL_OS'],
+                      'sauce:options': sl_options
+                    }
+                  end
+                else
+                  sl_options = @capabilities[:'sauce:options']
+                  Environ.os = @capabilities[:platform_name]
+                  if @capabilities.key?(:'appium:deviceName')
+                    Environ.platform = :mobile
+                    Environ.device_name = @capabilities[:'appium:deviceName']
+                    Environ.device_os = @capabilities[:'appium:platformVersion']
+                    Environ.device = :simulator
+                    Environ.device_orientation = sl_options[:deviceOrientation] if sl_options.key?(:deviceOrientation)
+                  end
+                  @capabilities
+                end
+      register_remote_driver(browser, options)
+      # configure file_detector for remote uploads
+      config_file_uploads if Environ.platform == :desktop
+    end
+
     def self.initialize_lambdatest
-      browser = ENV['LT_BROWSER']
+      # determine browser type
+      Environ.browser = if @capabilities.nil?
+                          ENV['LT_BROWSER'] if ENV['LT_BROWSER']
+                        else
+                          @capabilities[:browserName]
+                        end
+      browser = Environ.browser
       Environ.grid = :lambdatest
-      Environ.os = ENV['LT_OS']
       Environ.platform = :desktop
       Environ.tunneling = ENV['TUNNELING'] if ENV['TUNNELING']
       # specify endpoint url
       @endpoint = "https://#{ENV['LT_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['LT_AUTHKEY']}@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub" if @endpoint.nil?
       # define LambdaTest options
       options = if @capabilities.nil?
+                  Environ.os = ENV['LT_OS']
                   # define the required set of LambdaTest options
                   lt_options = {
                     user: ENV['LT_USERNAME'],
@@ -490,7 +647,7 @@ module TestCentricity
                     build: test_context_message,
                     platformName: ENV['LT_OS'],
                     resolution: ENV['RESOLUTION'],
-                    selenium_version: '4.0.0',
+                    selenium_version: '4.13.0',
                   }
                   # define the optional LambdaTest options
                   lt_options[:name] = ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT'] if ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT']
@@ -517,76 +674,23 @@ module TestCentricity
                     'LT:Options': lt_options
                   }
                 else
+                  Environ.os = @capabilities[:platform_name]
                   @capabilities
                 end
-      register_remote_driver(:lambdatest, browser, options)
-      # configure file_detector for remote uploads
-      config_file_uploads
-    end
-
-    def self.initialize_saucelabs
-      browser = ENV['SL_BROWSER']
-      Environ.grid = :saucelabs
-
-      if ENV['SL_OS']
-        Environ.platform = :desktop
-        Environ.os = ENV['SL_OS']
-      elsif ENV['SL_PLATFORM']
-        Environ.device_name = ENV['SL_DEVICE']
-        Environ.platform = :mobile
-        Environ.device_orientation = ENV['ORIENTATION'] if ENV['ORIENTATION']
-        Environ.device = :simulator
-      end
-      # specify endpoint url
-      @endpoint = "https://#{ENV['SL_USERNAME']}:#{ENV['SL_AUTHKEY']}@ondemand.#{ENV['DATA_CENTER']}.saucelabs.com/wd/hub" if @endpoint.nil?
-      # define SauceLab options
-      options = if @capabilities.nil?
-                  # define the required set of SauceLab options
-                  sl_options = {
-                    userName: ENV['SL_USERNAME'],
-                    accessKey: ENV['SL_AUTHKEY'],
-                    build: test_context_message
-                  }
-                  # define the optional SauceLab options
-                  sl_options[:name] = ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT'] if ENV['AUTOMATE_PROJECT']
-                  sl_options[:recordVideo] = ENV['RECORD_VIDEO'] if ENV['RECORD_VIDEO']
-                  sl_options[:recordScreenshots] = ENV['SCREENSHOTS'] if ENV['SCREENSHOTS']
-                  # define mobile device options
-                  if ENV['SL_PLATFORM']
-                    sl_options[:deviceOrientation] = ENV['ORIENTATION'].upcase if ENV['ORIENTATION']
-                    sl_options[:appiumVersion] = '1.22.3'
-                    {
-                      browserName: browser,
-                      platformName: ENV['SL_PLATFORM'],
-                      'appium:deviceName': ENV['SL_DEVICE'],
-                      'appium:platformVersion': ENV['SL_VERSION'],
-                      'sauce:options': sl_options
-                    }
-                  else
-                    # define desktop browser options
-                    sl_options[:screenResolution] = ENV['RESOLUTION'] if ENV['RESOLUTION']
-                    {
-                      browserName: browser,
-                      browserVersion: ENV['SL_VERSION'],
-                      platformName: ENV['SL_OS'],
-                      'sauce:options': sl_options
-                    }
-                  end
-                else
-                  @capabilities
-                end
-      register_remote_driver(:saucelabs, browser, options)
+      register_remote_driver(browser, options)
       # configure file_detector for remote uploads
-      config_file_uploads
+      config_file_uploads if Environ.platform == :desktop
     end
     # :nocov:
 
     def self.chrome_edge_options(browser)
       options = case browser
                 when :chrome, :chrome_headless
-                  Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new
+                  Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
                 when :edge, :edge_headless
-                  Selenium::WebDriver::Edge::Options.new
+                  Selenium::WebDriver::Edge::Options.new(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
+                else
+                  raise "#{browser} is not a valid selector"
                 end
       prefs = {
         prompt_for_download: false,
@@ -594,12 +698,15 @@ module TestCentricity
         default_directory:   @downloads_path
       }
       options.add_preference(:download, prefs)
+      options.add_argument('--force-device-scale-factor=1')
+      options.add_argument('--disable-geolocation')
       options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
+      options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
       options.add_argument("--lang=#{ENV['LOCALE']}") if ENV['LOCALE']
       if browser == :chrome_headless || browser == :edge_headless
+        Environ.headless = true
         options.add_argument('--headless')
         options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
-        options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
       end
       options
     end
@@ -621,7 +728,10 @@ module TestCentricity
 
       profile['intl.accept_languages'] = ENV['LOCALE'] if ENV['LOCALE']
       options = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Options.new(profile: profile)
-      options.args << '--headless' if browser == :firefox_headless
+      if browser == :firefox_headless
+        Environ.headless = true
+        options.args << '--headless'
+      end
       options
     end
 
@@ -631,7 +741,7 @@ module TestCentricity
                         else
                           Environ.test_environment.to_s.upcase
                         end
-      if ENV['PARALLEL']
+      if Environ.parallel
         thread_num = ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER']
         thread_num = 1 if thread_num.blank?
         context_message = "#{context_message} - Thread ##{thread_num}"
@@ -639,9 +749,25 @@ module TestCentricity
       context_message
     end
 
-    def self.register_remote_driver(driver, browser, options)
-      Capybara.register_driver driver do |app|
-        capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.send(browser.gsub(/\s+/, '_').downcase.to_sym, options)
+    def self.driver_name
+      unless Environ.driver_name
+        driver = case Environ.driver
+                 when :webdriver
+                   :local
+                 when :selenium_grid, :grid
+                   :remote
+                 else
+                   Environ.driver
+                 end
+        Environ.driver_name = "#{driver}_#{Environ.browser}".downcase.to_sym unless driver.nil?
+      end
+      Environ.driver_name
+    end
+
+    def self.register_remote_driver(browser, options)
+      Capybara.register_driver driver_name do |app|
+        browser = browser.gsub(/\s+/, '_').downcase.to_sym if browser.is_a?(String)
+        capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.new(options)
         Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app,
                                        browser: :remote,
                                        url: @endpoint,
@@ -650,7 +776,8 @@ module TestCentricity
 
       Environ.browser = browser
 
-      Capybara.default_driver = driver
+      Capybara.default_driver = Environ.driver_name
+      Capybara.current_driver = Environ.driver_name
       Capybara.run_server = false
     end