symbo 0.1.0pre
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/.github/workflows/ruby.yml +26 -0
- data/.gitignore +56 -0
- data/.rubocop.yml +31 -0
- data/.ruby-version +1 -0
- data/CHANGELOG.md +0 -0
- data/Gemfile +19 -0
- data/Gemfile.lock +65 -0
- data/LICENSE +21 -0
- data/README.md +37 -0
- data/Rakefile +12 -0
- data/bin/console +14 -0
- data/bin/setup +8 -0
- data/lib/symbo.rb +21 -0
- data/lib/symbo/algebraic_operators.rb +35 -0
- data/lib/symbo/complex.rb +78 -0
- data/lib/symbo/constant.rb +5 -0
- data/lib/symbo/cos.rb +94 -0
- data/lib/symbo/diff.rb +33 -0
- data/lib/symbo/e.rb +5 -0
- data/lib/symbo/expression.rb +114 -0
- data/lib/symbo/expression_type.rb +43 -0
- data/lib/symbo/factorial.rb +81 -0
- data/lib/symbo/float.rb +8 -0
- data/lib/symbo/fraction.rb +176 -0
- data/lib/symbo/function.rb +118 -0
- data/lib/symbo/integer.rb +126 -0
- data/lib/symbo/matrix.rb +22 -0
- data/lib/symbo/mergeable.rb +30 -0
- data/lib/symbo/pi.rb +5 -0
- data/lib/symbo/power.rb +198 -0
- data/lib/symbo/product.rb +218 -0
- data/lib/symbo/qubit.rb +124 -0
- data/lib/symbo/quot.rb +37 -0
- data/lib/symbo/relational_operators.rb +15 -0
- data/lib/symbo/sin.rb +91 -0
- data/lib/symbo/sqrt.rb +16 -0
- data/lib/symbo/sum.rb +211 -0
- data/lib/symbo/symbol.rb +102 -0
- data/lib/symbo/tensor_product.rb +15 -0
- data/lib/symbo/trigonometric_function.rb +26 -0
- data/lib/symbo/version.rb +5 -0
- data/symbo.gemspec +33 -0
- metadata +116 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
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# frozen_string_literal: true
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require 'symbo/expression'
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require 'symbo/mergeable'
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require 'symbo/power'
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module Symbo
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class Product < Expression
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include Mergeable
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using Symbo
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# :section: Power Transformation Methods
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# べき乗の低
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#
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# (:x * :y).base # => :x * :y
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def base
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dup
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end
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# べき指数
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#
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# (:x * :y).exponent # => 1
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def exponent
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1
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end
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# :section: Basic Distributive Transformation Methods
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# 同類項の項部分
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#
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# Product[2, :x, :y, :z].term # => Product[:x, :y, :z]
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# Product[1/3, :x, :y, :z].term # => Product[:x, :y, :z]
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# Product[:x, :y, :z].term # => Product[:x, :y, :z]
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def term
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if @operands.first.constant?
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Product.new(*@operands[1..-1])
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else
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self
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end
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end
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# 同類項の定数部分
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#
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# Product[2, :x, :y, :z].const # => 2
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# Product[1/3, :x, :y, :z].const # => 1/3
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# Product[:x, :y, :z].const # => 1
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def const
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if @operands.first.constant?
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@operands.first
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else
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1
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end
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end
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# :section: Order Relation Methods
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# 交換法則によるオペランド並べ替えに使う順序関係
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#
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# - 相手が積の場合
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# 最右のオペランドから順に compare していき、異なるものがあればそれで順序を決定する。
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#
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# (:a * :b).compare(:a * :c) # => true
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# Product[:a, :c, :d].compare(Product[:b, :c, :d]) # => true
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#
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# どちらかのオペランドがなくなれば、短いほうが左側。
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#
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# (:c * :d).compare(Product[:b, :c, :d]) # => true
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#
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# - べき乗、和、階乗、関数、シンボルの場合
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# 相手を単項の積にして比較
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#
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# (:a * (:x**2)).compare(:x**3) # => true
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#
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# - それ以外の場合
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# 次のルールで比較
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#
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# !other.compare(self)
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#
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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def compare(other)
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case other
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when Product
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return @operands.last.compare(other.operands.last) if @operands.last != other.operands.last
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m = length
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n = other.length
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if [m, n].min >= 2
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1.upto([m, n].min) do |j|
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return operand(m - j).compare(other.operand(n - j)) if operand(m - j) != other.operand(n - j)
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end
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end
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m < n
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when Power, Sum, Factorial, Function, Symbol
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compare Product[other]
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else
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!other.compare(self)
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end
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# :section:
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# v * w
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#
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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def evaluate
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v = operand(0)
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w = operand(1)
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if (v.integer? || v.complex?) && (w.integer? || w.complex?)
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v.mult w
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elsif v.constant? && w.constant?
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Fraction[Product[v.numerator, w.numerator].simplify,
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Product[v.denominator, w.denominator].simplify].evaluate
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else
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Product[v.simplify, w.simplify]
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end
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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def to_s
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return "-#{operand(1)}" if length == 2 && operand(0) == -1
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@operands.map do |each|
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case each
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when Sum
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"(#{each})"
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when Product
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if each.length == 2 && each.operand(0) == -1
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"(-#{each.operand(1)})"
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elsif each.length > 1
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"(#{each})"
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else
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each.to_s
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end
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else
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each.to_s
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end
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end.join('*')
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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protected
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def _simplify
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return UNDEFINED if @operands.any?(&:undefined?)
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return 0 if @operands.any?(&:zero?)
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return operand(0) if length == 1
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v = simplify_rec(@operands)
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if v.size == 1
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v[0]
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elsif v.size > 1
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Product[*v]
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else
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1
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end
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end
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private
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# l = [u1, u2,...,un] is a non-empty list with n ≥ 2 non-zero ASAEs.
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# Returns a list with zero or more operands that satisfy the condition of
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# ASAE-4.
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#
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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def simplify_rec(l) # rubocop:disable Naming/MethodParameterName
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case l
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in Constant, Constant # SPRDREC-1-1
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p = Product[*l].simplify_rne
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p == 1 ? [] : [p]
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in 1, u2 unless u2.product? # SPRDREC-1-2
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[u2]
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in u1, 1 unless u1.product?
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[u1]
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in u1, u2 if l.none?(:product?) && u1.base == u2.base # SPRDREC-1-3
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s = Sum[u1.exponent, u2.exponent].simplify
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p = Power[u1.base, s].simplify
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p == 1 ? [] : [p]
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in u1, u2 if l.none?(&:product?) && u2.compare(u1) # SPRDREC-1-4
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[u2, u1]
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in _, _ if l.none?(&:product?) # SPRDREC-1-5
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l
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in Product => u1, Product => u2 # SPRDREC-2-1
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merge u1.operands, u2.operands
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in Product => u1, u2 # SPRDREC-2-2
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merge u1.operands, [u2]
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in u1, Product => u2 # SPRDREC-2-3
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merge [u1], u2.operands
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in Product => u1, *rest # SPRDREC-3-1
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merge u1.operands, simplify_rec(rest)
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in u1, *rest # SPRDREC-3-2
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merge [u1], simplify_rec(rest)
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end
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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def simplify_rne_rec
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v = operand(0).simplify_rne_rec
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w = operand(1).simplify_rne_rec
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if v.undefined? || w.undefined?
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UNDEFINED
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else
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Product[v, w].evaluate
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end
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end
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end
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end
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data/lib/symbo/qubit.rb
ADDED
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# frozen_string_literal: true
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require 'matrix'
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module Symbo
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class Qubit < Matrix
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include Symbo
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extend Symbo
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using Symbo
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
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def self.[](*state_or_value)
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rows =
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case state_or_value
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in [String => bits] if /\A[0|1]+\Z/=~ bits
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m = bits.split(//).inject(Matrix[[1]]) do |result, string|
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each = case string
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when '0'
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Matrix[[1], [0]]
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when '1'
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Matrix[[0], [1]]
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end
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TensorProduct[result, each]
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end
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m.map(&:simplify).to_a
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in [String => bit]
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elms = case bit
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when '0'
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[1, 0]
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when '1'
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[0, 1]
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when '+'
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[1/√(2), 1/√(2)]
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when '-'
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[1/√(2), -1/√(2)]
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when 'i'
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[1/√(2), 1i/√(2)]
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when '-i'
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[1/√(2), -1i/√(2)]
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else
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raise "Invalid qubit state: #{bit}"
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end
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elms.map { |each| [each.simplify] }
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else
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state_or_value.map { |each| [each.simplify] }
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end
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super(*rows)
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
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def -@
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map { |each| Product[-1, each].simplify }
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end
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def +(other)
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super(other).map(&:simplify)
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end
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def -(other)
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raise unless other.is_a?(Qubit) && row_size == other.row_size
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rows = (0...row_size).map do |each|
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Sum[self[each, 0], Product[-1, other[each, 0]]].simplify
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end
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Qubit[*rows]
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end
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def bra
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map(&:conjugate).t
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end
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def ket
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self
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end
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def state
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map(&:simplify)
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end
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
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def to_s
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kets = []
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ket_length = Math.log2(row_size).to_i
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(0...row_size).each do |each|
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x = self[each, 0]
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kets << [x, "|%0*b>" % [ket_length, each]] unless x.zero?
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end
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kets.inject('') do |result, each|
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coefficient = if each[0] == 1
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''
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elsif each[0].constant? || each[0].symbol? || each[0].power?
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each[0].to_s
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elsif !each[0].product? && each[0].length > 1
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"(#{each[0]})"
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elsif each[0].product? && each[0].operand(0) != -1
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each[0].to_s
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elsif each[0].product? && each[0].operand(0) == -1
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each[0].to_s
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end
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result += if result.empty?
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"#{coefficient}#{each[1]}"
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elsif coefficient.to_s[0] != '-'
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" + #{coefficient}#{each[1]}"
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else
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" - #{coefficient.to_s[1..-1]}#{each[1]}"
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end
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end
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end
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
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# rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
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end
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end
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data/lib/symbo/quot.rb
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
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1
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# frozen_string_literal: true
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require 'symbo/expression'
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module Symbo
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class Quot < Expression
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|
+
using Symbo
|
8
|
+
|
9
|
+
def evaluate
|
10
|
+
if w.numerator.zero?
|
11
|
+
UNDEFINED
|
12
|
+
else
|
13
|
+
# v = vn/vd, w = wn/wd とすると
|
14
|
+
# v/w = Quot(vn/vd, wn/wd).evaluate = vn·wd / wn·vd
|
15
|
+
Fraction[v.numerator.mult(w.denominator), w.numerator.mult(v.denominator)]
|
16
|
+
end
|
17
|
+
end
|
18
|
+
|
19
|
+
protected
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
def _simplify
|
22
|
+
Product[operand(0), Power[operand(1), -1]].simplify
|
23
|
+
end
|
24
|
+
|
25
|
+
private
|
26
|
+
|
27
|
+
# an integer or a fraction with non-zero denominator
|
28
|
+
def v
|
29
|
+
@v ||= operand(0).evaluate
|
30
|
+
end
|
31
|
+
|
32
|
+
# an integer or a fraction with non-zero denominator
|
33
|
+
def w
|
34
|
+
@w ||= operand(1).evaluate
|
35
|
+
end
|
36
|
+
end
|
37
|
+
end
|
data/lib/symbo/sin.rb
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# frozen_string_literal: true
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
require 'symbo/trigonometric_function'
|
4
|
+
|
5
|
+
module Symbo
|
6
|
+
class Sin < TrigonometricFunction
|
7
|
+
using Symbo
|
8
|
+
|
9
|
+
def self.[](x) # rubocop:disable Naming/MethodParameterName
|
10
|
+
new(x)
|
11
|
+
end
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
def initialize(x) # rubocop:disable Naming/MethodParameterName
|
14
|
+
super :sin, x
|
15
|
+
end
|
16
|
+
|
17
|
+
def to_s
|
18
|
+
"cos(#{operand(1)})"
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
protected
|
22
|
+
|
23
|
+
# rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
|
24
|
+
# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
|
25
|
+
# rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
|
26
|
+
def _simplify
|
27
|
+
if x.zero?
|
28
|
+
0
|
29
|
+
elsif x == PI
|
30
|
+
0
|
31
|
+
elsif x.constant? && x.negative?
|
32
|
+
(-Sin[Product[-1, x].simplify]).simplify
|
33
|
+
elsif x.product? && x.operand(0).integer? && x.operand(0).negative?
|
34
|
+
(-Sin[Product[-1, x.operand(0), *x.operands[1..-1]].simplify]).simplify
|
35
|
+
elsif kn_pi?
|
36
|
+
simplify_kn_pi.simplify
|
37
|
+
else
|
38
|
+
self
|
39
|
+
end
|
40
|
+
end
|
41
|
+
# rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
|
42
|
+
# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
|
43
|
+
# rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
|
44
|
+
|
45
|
+
private
|
46
|
+
|
47
|
+
# Simplification of sin(kπ/n)
|
48
|
+
#
|
49
|
+
# rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
|
50
|
+
# rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
|
51
|
+
def simplify_kn_pi
|
52
|
+
k = x.operand(0).numerator
|
53
|
+
n = x.operand(0).denominator
|
54
|
+
|
55
|
+
case n
|
56
|
+
when 1
|
57
|
+
0
|
58
|
+
when 2
|
59
|
+
case k % 4
|
60
|
+
when 1
|
61
|
+
1
|
62
|
+
when 3
|
63
|
+
-1
|
64
|
+
end
|
65
|
+
when 3
|
66
|
+
case k % 6
|
67
|
+
when 1, 2
|
68
|
+
√(3)/2
|
69
|
+
when 4, 5
|
70
|
+
Product[-1, √(3)/2]
|
71
|
+
end
|
72
|
+
when 4
|
73
|
+
case k % 8
|
74
|
+
when 1, 3
|
75
|
+
1/√(2)
|
76
|
+
when 5, 7
|
77
|
+
-1/√(2)
|
78
|
+
end
|
79
|
+
when 6
|
80
|
+
case k % 12
|
81
|
+
when 1, 5
|
82
|
+
1/2
|
83
|
+
when 7, 11
|
84
|
+
-1/2
|
85
|
+
end
|
86
|
+
end
|
87
|
+
end
|
88
|
+
# rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
|
89
|
+
# rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
|
90
|
+
end
|
91
|
+
end
|