supabase-rb 2.0.0

data/lib/supabase/auth/client.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1217 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "jwt"
+require "uri"
+require "json"
+
+module Supabase
+  module Auth
+    # Client for Supabase Auth (GoTrue) API.
+    # Handles authentication flows including sign-up, sign-in, session management,
+    # OAuth, OTP, MFA, and identity management.
+    class Client
+      STORAGE_KEY = "supabase.auth.token"
+      EXPIRY_MARGIN = 10
+      JWKS_TTL = 600 # 10 minutes
+      # Explicit algorithm-to-digest mapping; Python uses PyJWT's dynamic get_algorithm_by_name (F-008).
+      ALG_TO_DIGEST = {
+        "RS256" => "SHA256", "RS384" => "SHA384", "RS512" => "SHA512",
+        "ES256" => "SHA256", "ES384" => "SHA384", "ES512" => "SHA512",
+        "PS256" => "SHA256", "PS384" => "SHA384", "PS512" => "SHA512"
+      }.freeze
+
+      DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {
+        auto_refresh_token: true,
+        persist_session: true,
+        detect_session_in_url: true,
+        flow_type: "implicit"
+      }.freeze
+
+      attr_reader :url, :headers, :admin, :mfa
+
+      # @param url [String] GoTrue server URL
+      # @param headers [Hash] HTTP headers to include with every request
+      # @param options [Hash] configuration options
+      # @option options [Boolean] :auto_refresh_token (true) automatically refresh tokens
+      # @option options [Boolean] :persist_session (true) persist session to storage
+      # @option options [String] :flow_type ("implicit") OAuth flow type ("implicit" or "pkce")
+      # @option options [SupportedStorage] :storage custom storage backend
+      # @option options [Faraday::Connection] :http_client custom HTTP client
+      def initialize(url:, headers: {}, **options)
+        opts = DEFAULT_OPTIONS.merge(options)
+        @url = url
+        @headers = headers
+        @auto_refresh_token = opts[:auto_refresh_token]
+        @persist_session = opts[:persist_session]
+        @detect_session_in_url = opts[:detect_session_in_url]
+        @flow_type = opts[:flow_type].to_s
+        @storage_key = opts[:storage_key] || STORAGE_KEY
+        @storage = opts[:storage] || MemoryStorage.new
+        @http_client = opts[:http_client]
+        @verify = opts.fetch(:verify, true)
+        @proxy = opts[:proxy]
+        @timeout = opts[:timeout]
+
+        @current_session = nil
+        @jwks = { "keys" => [] }
+        @jwks_cached_at = nil
+        @state_change_emitters = {}
+        @refresh_token_timer = nil
+        @network_retries = 0
+
+        @api = Api.new(url: @url, headers: @headers, http_client: @http_client,
+                       verify: @verify, proxy: @proxy, timeout: @timeout)
+        @admin = AdminApi.new(url: @url, headers: @headers, http_client: @http_client,
+                              verify: @verify, proxy: @proxy, timeout: @timeout)
+        @mfa = MFAApi.new(self)
+      end
+
+      # Initialize the client, optionally from a URL or from storage.
+      # @param url [String, nil] optional redirect URL to initialize from
+      def init(url: nil)
+        if url && _is_implicit_grant_flow(url)
+          initialize_from_url(url)
+        else
+          initialize_from_storage
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Recover session from storage and refresh if needed.
+      def initialize_from_storage
+        _recover_and_refresh
+      end
+
+      # --- Public API ---
+
+      # Sign up a new user with email/phone and password.
+      # @param credentials [Hash] sign-up credentials
+      # @option credentials [String] :email user email
+      # @option credentials [String] :phone user phone number
+      # @option credentials [String] :password user password
+      # @option credentials [Hash] :options additional options (data, captcha_token, redirect_to, channel)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError] if neither email nor phone provided
+      def sign_up(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        email = credentials[:email] || credentials["email"]
+        phone = credentials[:phone] || credentials["phone"]
+        password = credentials[:password] || credentials["password"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to] || options[:email_redirect_to]
+        user_data = options[:data] || {}
+        channel = options[:channel] || "sms"
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        if email
+          body = {
+            email: email,
+            password: password,
+            data: user_data,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+          }
+        elsif phone
+          body = {
+            phone: phone,
+            password: password,
+            data: user_data,
+            channel: channel,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+          }
+        else
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError,
+                "You must provide either an email or phone number and a password"
+        end
+
+        data = _request("POST", "signup", body: body, redirect_to: redirect_to)
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Sign in with email/phone and password.
+      # @param credentials [Hash] sign-in credentials (:email or :phone, and :password)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError] if credentials are missing
+      def sign_in_with_password(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        email = credentials[:email] || credentials["email"]
+        phone = credentials[:phone] || credentials["phone"]
+        password = credentials[:password] || credentials["password"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        data_attr = options[:data] || {}
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        unless (email || phone) && password
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError,
+                "An email or phone number and password are required"
+        end
+
+        body = {
+          password: password,
+          data: data_attr,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        }
+        body[:email] = email if email
+        body[:phone] = phone if phone
+
+        data = _request("POST", "token", body: body, params: { "grant_type" => "password" })
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Sign in with OTP (magic link for email, SMS for phone).
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:email or :phone, optional :options)
+      # @return [Types::AuthOtpResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError] if neither email nor phone provided
+      def sign_in_with_otp(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        email = credentials[:email] || credentials["email"]
+        phone = credentials[:phone] || credentials["phone"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+
+        unless email || phone
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError,
+                "An email or phone number is required"
+        end
+
+        email_redirect_to = options[:email_redirect_to]
+        should_create_user = options.key?(:should_create_user) ? options[:should_create_user] : true
+        data_attr = options[:data]
+        channel = options[:channel] || "sms"
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        if email
+          body = {
+            email: email,
+            data: data_attr,
+            create_user: should_create_user,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+          }
+          data = _request("POST", "otp", body: body, redirect_to: email_redirect_to)
+          return Helpers.parse_auth_otp_response(data)
+        end
+
+        if phone
+          body = {
+            phone: phone,
+            data: data_attr,
+            create_user: should_create_user,
+            channel: channel,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+          }
+          data = _request("POST", "otp", body: body)
+          return Helpers.parse_auth_otp_response(data)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Verify an OTP token.
+      # @param params [Hash] verification params (:type, :token, :email or :phone)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      def verify_otp(params)
+        _remove_session
+
+        type = params[:type] || params["type"]
+        phone = params[:phone] || params["phone"]
+        email = params[:email] || params["email"]
+        token = params[:token] || params["token"]
+        token_hash = params[:token_hash] || params["token_hash"]
+        options = params[:options] || params["options"] || {}
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        body = {
+          type: type,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        }
+        body[:token] = token if token
+        body[:phone] = phone if phone
+        body[:email] = email if email
+        body[:token_hash] = token_hash if token_hash
+
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to]
+
+        data = _request("POST", "verify", body: body, redirect_to: redirect_to)
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Get the current session, refreshing it if necessary.
+      # @return [Types::Session, nil]
+      def get_session
+        current_session = nil
+        if @persist_session
+          maybe_session = @storage.get_item(@storage_key)
+          current_session = _get_valid_session(maybe_session)
+          _remove_session unless current_session
+        else
+          current_session = @current_session
+        end
+        return nil unless current_session
+
+        time_now = Time.now.round.to_i
+        has_expired = current_session.expires_at ? current_session.expires_at <= time_now + EXPIRY_MARGIN : false
+
+        if has_expired
+          _call_refresh_token(current_session.refresh_token)
+        else
+          current_session
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Get the current user. Uses session token if jwt is nil.
+      # @param jwt [String, nil] optional access token
+      # @return [Types::UserResponse, nil]
+      def get_user(jwt = nil)
+        unless jwt
+          session = get_session
+          return nil unless session
+          jwt = session.access_token
+        end
+        access_token = jwt
+        return nil unless access_token
+
+        data = _request("GET", "user", jwt: access_token)
+        Helpers.parse_user_response(data)
+      end
+
+      # Get identities linked to the current user.
+      # @return [Types::IdentitiesResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no active session
+      def get_user_identities
+        session = get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        user_response = get_user(session.access_token)
+        identities = user_response&.user&.identities || []
+        Types::IdentitiesResponse.new(identities: identities)
+      end
+
+      # Set session from existing access and refresh tokens.
+      # @param access_token [String] JWT access token
+      # @param refresh_token [String] refresh token
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthInvalidJwtError] if token is malformed
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if token expired and no refresh token
+      def set_session(access_token, refresh_token)
+        time_now = Time.now.round.to_i
+        expires_at = time_now
+        has_expired = true
+        session = nil
+
+        if access_token && access_token.split(".").length > 1
+          payload = Helpers.decode_jwt(access_token)[:payload]
+          exp = payload["exp"]
+          if exp
+            expires_at = exp.to_i
+            has_expired = expires_at <= time_now
+          end
+        end
+
+        if has_expired
+          raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless refresh_token && !refresh_token.empty?
+
+          response = _refresh_access_token(refresh_token)
+          return Types::AuthResponse.new unless response.session
+
+          session = response.session
+        else
+          user_response = get_user(access_token)
+          session = Types::Session.new(
+            access_token: access_token,
+            refresh_token: refresh_token,
+            token_type: "bearer",
+            expires_in: expires_at - time_now,
+            expires_at: expires_at,
+            user: user_response.user
+          )
+        end
+
+        _save_session(session)
+        _notify_all_subscribers("TOKEN_REFRESHED", session)
+        Types::AuthResponse.new(session: session, user: session.user)
+      end
+
+      # Refresh the current session using a refresh token.
+      # @param refresh_token [String, nil] optional refresh token (uses current session's if nil)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no refresh token available
+      def refresh_session(refresh_token = nil)
+        unless refresh_token
+          session = get_session
+          refresh_token = session.refresh_token if session
+        end
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless refresh_token
+
+        session = _call_refresh_token(refresh_token)
+        Types::AuthResponse.new(session: session, user: session.user)
+      end
+
+      # Sign out the current user.
+      # @param options [Hash] sign-out options
+      # @option options [String] :scope ("global") sign-out scope: "global", "local", or "others"
+      def sign_out(options = {})
+        scope = options[:scope] || options["scope"] || "global"
+        session = get_session
+
+        if session
+          begin
+            @admin.sign_out(session.access_token, scope)
+          rescue Errors::AuthApiError
+            # Suppress API errors from admin sign_out
+          end
+        end
+
+        unless scope == "others"
+          _remove_session
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_OUT", nil)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Sign in anonymously (creates an anonymous user).
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      def sign_in_anonymously(credentials = nil)
+        _remove_session
+
+        credentials ||= { options: {} }
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        data_attr = options[:data] || {}
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        data = _request("POST", "signup", body: {
+          data: data_attr,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        })
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Sign in with a third-party ID token (e.g., Google, Apple).
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:provider, :token, optional :nonce)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      def sign_in_with_id_token(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        provider = credentials[:provider] || credentials["provider"]
+        token = credentials[:token] || credentials["token"]
+        access_token = credentials[:access_token] || credentials["access_token"]
+        nonce = credentials[:nonce] || credentials["nonce"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+
+        body = {
+          provider: provider,
+          id_token: token,
+          access_token: access_token,
+          nonce: nonce,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        }
+
+        data = _request("POST", "token", body: body, params: { "grant_type" => "id_token" })
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Sign in with SSO (SAML).
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:domain or :provider_id, optional :options)
+      # @return [Types::SSOResponse]
+      def sign_in_with_sso(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        domain = credentials[:domain] || credentials["domain"]
+        provider_id = credentials[:provider_id] || credentials["provider_id"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to]
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+        skip_http_redirect = options.fetch(:skip_http_redirect, true)
+
+        if domain
+          data = _request("POST", "sso", body: {
+            domain: domain,
+            skip_http_redirect: skip_http_redirect,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token },
+            redirect_to: redirect_to
+          })
+          return Helpers.parse_sso_response(data)
+        end
+
+        if provider_id
+          data = _request("POST", "sso", body: {
+            provider_id: provider_id,
+            skip_http_redirect: skip_http_redirect,
+            gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token },
+            redirect_to: redirect_to
+          })
+          return Helpers.parse_sso_response(data)
+        end
+
+        raise Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError,
+              "You must provide either a domain or provider_id"
+      end
+
+      # Sign in with OAuth provider. Returns URL to redirect the user to.
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:provider, optional :options)
+      # @return [Types::OAuthResponse]
+      def sign_in_with_oauth(credentials)
+        _remove_session
+
+        provider = credentials[:provider] || credentials["provider"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to]
+        scopes = options[:scopes]
+        params = (options[:query_params] || {}).dup
+        params["redirect_to"] = redirect_to if redirect_to
+        params["scopes"] = scopes if scopes
+
+        url_with_qs, _ = _get_url_for_provider("#{@url}/authorize", provider, params)
+        Types::OAuthResponse.new(provider: provider, url: url_with_qs)
+      end
+
+      # Resend an OTP or magic link.
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:email or :phone, :type)
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError] if neither email nor phone provided
+      def resend(credentials)
+        phone = credentials[:phone] || credentials["phone"]
+        email = credentials[:email] || credentials["email"]
+        type = credentials[:type] || credentials["type"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+        email_redirect_to = options[:email_redirect_to]
+
+        unless email || phone
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidCredentialsError,
+                "An email or phone number is required"
+        end
+
+        body = {
+          type: type,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        }
+        # Match Python: email takes priority; only one of email/phone is sent
+        if email
+          body[:email] = email
+        else
+          body[:phone] = phone
+        end
+
+        data = _request("POST", "resend", body: body, redirect_to: email ? email_redirect_to : nil)
+        Helpers.parse_auth_otp_response(data)
+      end
+
+      # Reauthenticate the current user (requires active session).
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no active session
+      def reauthenticate
+        session = get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        data = _request("GET", "reauthenticate", jwt: session.access_token)
+        Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+      end
+
+      # Send a password reset email. Does not require an active session.
+      # @param email [String] user email
+      # @param options [Hash] optional :redirect_to
+      def reset_password_for_email(email, options = {})
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to]
+        captcha_token = options[:captcha_token]
+        body = {
+          email: email,
+          gotrue_meta_security: { captcha_token: captcha_token }
+        }
+        _request("POST", "recover", body: body, redirect_to: redirect_to)
+      end
+
+      # Alias for {#reset_password_for_email}.
+      # @param email [String] user email
+      # @param options [Hash] optional :redirect_to
+      def reset_password_email(email:, **options)
+        reset_password_for_email(email, options)
+      end
+
+      # Update the current user's attributes.
+      # @param attributes [Hash] user attributes to update (e.g., email, password, data)
+      # @return [Types::UserResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no active session
+      def update_user(attributes, options = {})
+        session = get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        redirect_to = options[:email_redirect_to]
+        data = _request("PUT", "user", jwt: session.access_token, body: attributes, redirect_to: redirect_to)
+        response = Helpers.parse_user_response(data)
+
+        updated_session = Types::Session.new(
+          access_token: session.access_token,
+          refresh_token: session.refresh_token,
+          token_type: session.token_type,
+          expires_in: session.expires_in,
+          expires_at: session.expires_at,
+          provider_token: session.provider_token,
+          provider_refresh_token: session.provider_refresh_token,
+          user: response.user
+        )
+        _save_session(updated_session)
+        _notify_all_subscribers("USER_UPDATED", updated_session)
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Link an OAuth identity to the current user.
+      # @param credentials [Hash] (:provider, optional :options)
+      # @return [Types::OAuthResponse]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no active session
+      def link_identity(credentials)
+        provider = credentials[:provider] || credentials["provider"]
+        options = credentials[:options] || credentials["options"] || {}
+        redirect_to = options[:redirect_to]
+        scopes = options[:scopes]
+        params = (options[:query_params] || {}).dup
+        params["redirect_to"] = redirect_to if redirect_to
+        params["scopes"] = scopes if scopes
+        params["skip_http_redirect"] = "true"
+
+        url = "user/identities/authorize"
+        _, query = _get_url_for_provider(url, provider, params)
+
+        session = get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        link_identity = _request("GET", url,
+                                 params: query,
+                                 jwt: session.access_token,
+                                 xform: ->(data) { Helpers.parse_link_identity_response(data) })
+        Types::OAuthResponse.new(provider: provider, url: link_identity.url)
+      end
+
+      # Unlink an identity from the current user.
+      # @param identity [Types::UserIdentity, Hash] identity to unlink (must have :identity_id)
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthSessionMissing] if no active session
+      def unlink_identity(identity)
+        session = get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        identity_id = identity.respond_to?(:identity_id) ? identity.identity_id : identity[:identity_id]
+        _request("DELETE", "user/identities/#{identity_id}", jwt: session.access_token)
+      end
+
+      # Subscribe to auth state changes.
+      # @yield [event, session] called when auth state changes
+      # @yieldparam event [String] event type (SIGNED_IN, SIGNED_OUT, TOKEN_REFRESHED, etc.)
+      # @yieldparam session [Types::Session, nil] current session
+      # @return [Types::Subscription] subscription with #unsubscribe method
+      def on_auth_state_change(&callback)
+        id = SecureRandom.uuid
+
+        unsubscribe = -> { @state_change_emitters.delete(id) }
+
+        subscription = Types::Subscription.new(
+          id: id,
+          callback: callback,
+          unsubscribe: unsubscribe
+        )
+        @state_change_emitters[id] = subscription
+
+        subscription
+      end
+
+      # Initialize session from an OAuth redirect URL.
+      # @param url [String] the redirect URL containing auth tokens or error
+      # @return [nil]
+      # @raise [Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError] if URL contains an error
+      def initialize_from_url(url)
+        if _is_implicit_grant_flow(url)
+          session, redirect_type = _get_session_from_url(url)
+          _save_session(session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("PASSWORD_RECOVERY", session) if redirect_type == "recovery"
+        end
+        nil
+      rescue StandardError => e
+        _remove_session
+        raise e
+      end
+
+      # Get JWT claims from the current session. Validates symmetric JWTs via get_user,
+      # asymmetric JWTs via JWKS endpoint.
+      # @return [Types::ClaimsResponse, nil] claims response, or nil if no session
+      def get_claims(jwt: nil, jwks: nil)
+        token = jwt
+        unless token
+          session = get_session
+          return nil unless session
+          token = session.access_token
+        end
+
+        decoded = Helpers.decode_jwt(token)
+        payload = decoded[:payload]
+        header = decoded[:header]
+        signature = decoded[:signature]
+        raw_header = decoded[:raw]["header"]
+        raw_payload = decoded[:raw]["payload"]
+
+        Helpers.validate_exp(payload["exp"])
+
+        # If symmetric algorithm (no kid or HS256), fallback to get_user
+        if !header["kid"] || header["alg"] == "HS256"
+          get_user(token)
+          return Types::ClaimsResponse.new(claims: payload, headers: header, signature: signature)
+        end
+
+        # Asymmetric JWT - verify via JWKS using the jwt gem's decode
+        jwk_data = _fetch_jwks(header["kid"], jwks || { "keys" => [] })
+        jwk_set = JWT::JWK::Set.new({ "keys" => [jwk_data] })
+
+        raise Errors::AuthInvalidJwtError, "Unsupported algorithm: #{header["alg"]}" unless ALG_TO_DIGEST[header["alg"]]
+
+        begin
+          JWT.decode(token, nil, true, { algorithms: [header["alg"]], jwks: jwk_set })
+        rescue JWT::DecodeError => e
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidJwtError, "Invalid JWT signature: #{e.message}"
+        end
+
+        Types::ClaimsResponse.new(claims: payload, headers: header, signature: signature)
+      end
+
+      # --- PKCE helpers ---
+
+      def _is_implicit_grant_flow(url)
+        parsed = URI.parse(url)
+        params = URI.decode_www_form(parsed.query || "").to_h
+        params.key?("access_token") || params.key?("error_description")
+      end
+
+      def _get_url_for_provider(url, provider, params = {})
+        params = params.dup
+        if @flow_type == "pkce"
+          code_verifier = Helpers.generate_pkce_verifier
+          code_challenge = Helpers.generate_pkce_challenge(code_verifier)
+          @storage.set_item("#{@storage_key}-code-verifier", code_verifier)
+          code_challenge_method = code_verifier == code_challenge ? "plain" : "s256"
+          params["code_challenge"] = code_challenge
+          params["code_challenge_method"] = code_challenge_method
+        end
+
+        params["provider"] = provider
+        query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
+        ["#{url}?#{query}", params]
+      end
+
+      # Exchange an authorization code for a session (PKCE flow).
+      # @param params [Hash] (:auth_code, optional :code_verifier, :redirect_to)
+      # @return [Types::AuthResponse]
+      def exchange_code_for_session(params)
+        code_verifier = params[:code_verifier] || params["code_verifier"] ||
+                        @storage.get_item("#{@storage_key}-code-verifier")
+
+        data = _request("POST", "token",
+                        body: {
+                          auth_code: params[:auth_code] || params["auth_code"],
+                          code_verifier: code_verifier
+                        },
+                        params: { "grant_type" => "pkce" },
+                        redirect_to: params[:redirect_to] || params["redirect_to"])
+        response = Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+
+        @storage.remove_item("#{@storage_key}-code-verifier")
+
+        if response.session
+          _save_session(response.session)
+          _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", response.session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # --- Internal accessors for test access ---
+
+      def _flow_type
+        @flow_type
+      end
+
+      def _flow_type=(value)
+        @flow_type = value
+      end
+
+      def _storage
+        @storage
+      end
+
+      def _storage_key
+        @storage_key
+      end
+
+      def _jwks
+        @jwks
+      end
+
+      def _url
+        @url
+      end
+
+      def _auto_refresh_token=(value)
+        @auto_refresh_token = value
+      end
+
+      def _start_auto_refresh_token(value = nil)
+        if @refresh_token_timer
+          @refresh_token_timer.cancel
+          @refresh_token_timer = nil
+        end
+
+        return nil if value.nil? || value <= 0 || !@auto_refresh_token
+
+        @refresh_token_timer = Timer.new(value / 1000.0) do
+          @network_retries += 1
+          begin
+            session = get_session
+            if session
+              _call_refresh_token(session.refresh_token)
+              @network_retries = 0
+            end
+          rescue Errors::AuthRetryableError
+            if @network_retries < Constants::MAX_RETRIES
+              _start_auto_refresh_token(200 * (Constants::RETRY_INTERVAL ** (@network_retries - 1)))
+            end
+          rescue StandardError
+            # Swallow other errors
+          end
+        end
+        @refresh_token_timer.start
+        nil
+      end
+
+      def _recover_and_refresh
+        raw_session = @storage.get_item(@storage_key)
+        current_session = _get_valid_session(raw_session)
+
+        unless current_session
+          _remove_session if raw_session
+          return
+        end
+
+        time_now = Time.now.round.to_i
+        expires_at = current_session.expires_at
+        expires_at = expires_at.to_i if expires_at
+
+        if expires_at && expires_at < time_now + EXPIRY_MARGIN
+          refresh_token = current_session.refresh_token
+          if @auto_refresh_token && refresh_token
+            @network_retries += 1
+            begin
+              _call_refresh_token(refresh_token)
+              @network_retries = 0
+            rescue Errors::AuthRetryableError
+              if @network_retries < Constants::MAX_RETRIES
+                if @refresh_token_timer
+                  @refresh_token_timer.cancel
+                end
+                @refresh_token_timer = Timer.new(
+                  (200 * (Constants::RETRY_INTERVAL ** (@network_retries - 1))) / 1000.0
+                ) { _recover_and_refresh }
+                @refresh_token_timer.start
+                return
+              end
+            rescue StandardError
+              # Swallow other errors
+            end
+          end
+          _remove_session
+          return
+        end
+
+        # Session still valid — restore it
+        if @persist_session
+          _save_session(current_session)
+        end
+        _notify_all_subscribers("SIGNED_IN", current_session)
+      end
+
+      def _call_refresh_token(refresh_token)
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless refresh_token && !refresh_token.empty?
+
+        response = _refresh_access_token(refresh_token)
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless response.session
+
+        _save_session(response.session)
+        _notify_all_subscribers("TOKEN_REFRESHED", response.session)
+        response.session
+      end
+
+      def _refresh_access_token(refresh_token)
+        data = _request("POST", "token",
+                        body: { refresh_token: refresh_token },
+                        params: { "grant_type" => "refresh_token" })
+        Helpers.parse_auth_response(data)
+      end
+
+      def _list_factors
+        mfa.list_factors
+      end
+
+      def _remove_session
+        if @persist_session
+          @storage.remove_item(@storage_key)
+        end
+        @current_session = nil
+        if @refresh_token_timer
+          @refresh_token_timer.cancel
+          @refresh_token_timer = nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _save_session(session)
+        @current_session = session
+
+        expire_at = session.expires_at
+        if expire_at
+          time_now = Time.now.round.to_i
+          expire_in = expire_at - time_now
+          refresh_duration_before_expires = expire_in > EXPIRY_MARGIN ? EXPIRY_MARGIN : 0.5
+          value = (expire_in - refresh_duration_before_expires) * 1000
+          _start_auto_refresh_token(value)
+        end
+
+        if @persist_session && session.expires_at
+          session_data = {
+            access_token: session.access_token,
+            refresh_token: session.refresh_token,
+            token_type: session.token_type,
+            expires_in: session.expires_in,
+            expires_at: session.expires_at,
+            provider_token: session.provider_token,
+            provider_refresh_token: session.provider_refresh_token
+          }
+          if session.user
+            user = session.user
+            session_data[:user] = {
+              id: user.id, aud: user.aud, role: user.role,
+              email: user.email, phone: user.phone,
+              email_confirmed_at: user.email_confirmed_at&.iso8601,
+              phone_confirmed_at: user.phone_confirmed_at&.iso8601,
+              confirmed_at: user.confirmed_at&.iso8601,
+              last_sign_in_at: user.last_sign_in_at&.iso8601,
+              app_metadata: user.app_metadata, user_metadata: user.user_metadata,
+              identities: user.identities&.map { |i|
+                {
+                  id: i.id, identity_id: i.identity_id, user_id: i.user_id,
+                  identity_data: i.identity_data, provider: i.provider,
+                  last_sign_in_at: i.last_sign_in_at&.iso8601,
+                  created_at: i.created_at&.iso8601, updated_at: i.updated_at&.iso8601
+                }
+              },
+              factors: user.factors&.map { |f|
+                {
+                  id: f.id, friendly_name: f.friendly_name, factor_type: f.factor_type,
+                  status: f.status,
+                  created_at: f.created_at&.iso8601, updated_at: f.updated_at&.iso8601
+                }
+              },
+              created_at: user.created_at&.iso8601, updated_at: user.updated_at&.iso8601,
+              new_email: user.new_email, new_phone: user.new_phone,
+              invited_at: user.invited_at&.iso8601,
+              is_anonymous: user.is_anonymous,
+              confirmation_sent_at: user.confirmation_sent_at&.iso8601,
+              recovery_sent_at: user.recovery_sent_at&.iso8601,
+              email_change_sent_at: user.email_change_sent_at&.iso8601,
+              action_link: user.action_link
+            }
+          end
+          @storage.set_item(@storage_key, JSON.generate(session_data))
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _notify_all_subscribers(event, session)
+        @state_change_emitters.each_value do |sub|
+          sub.callback&.call(event, session)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _request(method, path, jwt: nil, body: nil, params: {}, headers: {}, redirect_to: nil, xform: nil)
+        @api._request(method, path, jwt: jwt, body: body, params: params, headers: headers,
+                                     redirect_to: redirect_to, xform: xform)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def _get_valid_session(raw_session)
+        return nil unless raw_session
+
+        begin
+          data = raw_session.is_a?(String) ? JSON.parse(raw_session) : raw_session
+          return nil unless data
+          return nil unless data["access_token"] || data[:access_token]
+          return nil unless data["refresh_token"] || data[:refresh_token]
+          return nil unless data["expires_at"] || data[:expires_at]
+
+          expires_at = data["expires_at"] || data[:expires_at]
+          begin
+            expires_at = Integer(expires_at)
+            data["expires_at"] = expires_at
+          rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
+            return nil
+          end
+
+          Types::Session.from_hash(data)
+        rescue StandardError
+          nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _get_session_from_url(url)
+        parsed = URI.parse(url)
+        params = URI.decode_www_form(parsed.query || "").to_h
+
+        if params["error_description"]
+          error_code = params["error_code"]
+          error = params["error"]
+          raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No error_code detected.") unless error_code
+          raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No error detected.") unless error
+          raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new(
+            params["error_description"],
+            details: { error: error, code: error_code }
+          )
+        end
+
+        provider_token = params["provider_token"]
+        provider_refresh_token = params["provider_refresh_token"]
+        access_token = params["access_token"]
+        raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No access_token detected.") unless access_token
+
+        expires_in = params["expires_in"]
+        raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No expires_in detected.") unless expires_in
+        expires_in = expires_in.to_i
+
+        refresh_token = params["refresh_token"]
+        raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No refresh_token detected.") unless refresh_token
+
+        token_type = params["token_type"]
+        raise Errors::AuthImplicitGrantRedirectError.new("No token_type detected.") unless token_type
+
+        time_now = Time.now.round.to_i
+        expires_at = time_now + expires_in
+
+        user_response = get_user(access_token)
+        session = Types::Session.new(
+          provider_token: provider_token,
+          provider_refresh_token: provider_refresh_token,
+          access_token: access_token,
+          refresh_token: refresh_token,
+          token_type: token_type,
+          expires_in: expires_in,
+          expires_at: expires_at,
+          user: user_response.user
+        )
+
+        redirect_type = params["type"]
+        [session, redirect_type]
+      end
+
+      def _fetch_jwks(kid, jwks)
+        # Try supplied keys first
+        jwk = (jwks["keys"] || []).find { |k| k["kid"] == kid }
+        return jwk if jwk
+
+        # Try cache
+        if @jwks && @jwks_cached_at && (Time.now.to_f - @jwks_cached_at) < JWKS_TTL
+          jwk = (@jwks["keys"] || []).find { |k| k["kid"] == kid }
+          return jwk if jwk
+        end
+
+        # Fetch from well-known endpoint
+        response = _request("GET", ".well-known/jwks.json", xform: ->(d) { Helpers.parse_jwks(d) })
+        if response
+          @jwks = response
+          @jwks_cached_at = Time.now.to_f
+
+          jwk = (response["keys"] || []).find { |k| k["kid"] == kid }
+          raise Errors::AuthInvalidJwtError, "No matching signing key found in JWKS" unless jwk
+          return jwk
+        end
+
+        raise Errors::AuthInvalidJwtError, "JWT has no valid kid"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication) API.
+    # Access via {Client#mfa}.
+    class MFAApi
+      # @param client [Client] parent client instance
+      def initialize(client)
+        @client = client
+      end
+
+      # Enroll a new MFA factor.
+      # @param params [Hash] (:factor_type, optional :friendly_name, :issuer)
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAEnrollResponse]
+      def enroll(params)
+        factor_type = params[:factor_type] || params["factor_type"]
+        friendly_name = params[:friendly_name] || params["friendly_name"]
+
+        session = @client.get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        body = { factor_type: factor_type, friendly_name: friendly_name }
+
+        if factor_type == "phone"
+          body[:phone] = params[:phone] || params["phone"]
+        else
+          body[:issuer] = params[:issuer] || params["issuer"]
+        end
+
+        data = @client._request("POST", "factors", jwt: session.access_token, body: body)
+        response = Types::AuthMFAEnrollResponse.from_hash(data)
+
+        if factor_type == "totp" && response.totp&.qr_code
+          response.totp.qr_code = "data:image/svg+xml;utf-8,#{response.totp.qr_code}"
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Create an MFA challenge for a factor.
+      # @param params [Hash] (:factor_id)
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAChallengeResponse]
+      def challenge(params)
+        factor_id = params[:factor_id] || params["factor_id"]
+        channel = params[:channel] || params["channel"]
+
+        session = @client.get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        data = @client._request("POST", "factors/#{factor_id}/challenge",
+                                jwt: session.access_token, body: { channel: channel })
+        Types::AuthMFAChallengeResponse.from_hash(data)
+      end
+
+      # Verify an MFA challenge.
+      # @param params [Hash] (:factor_id, :challenge_id, :code)
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAVerifyResponse]
+      def verify(params)
+        factor_id = params[:factor_id] || params["factor_id"]
+        challenge_id = params[:challenge_id] || params["challenge_id"]
+        code = params[:code] || params["code"]
+
+        session = @client.get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        body = { factor_id: factor_id, challenge_id: challenge_id, code: code }
+        data = @client._request("POST", "factors/#{factor_id}/verify",
+                                jwt: session.access_token, body: body)
+        response = Types::AuthMFAVerifyResponse.from_hash(data)
+
+        # Save the new session from the verify response
+        new_session = Types::Session.from_hash(data)
+        if new_session&.access_token
+          @client.send(:_save_session, new_session)
+          @client.send(:_notify_all_subscribers, "MFA_CHALLENGE_VERIFIED", new_session)
+        end
+
+        response
+      end
+
+      # Challenge and verify in one step.
+      # @param params [Hash] (:factor_id, :code, :channel)
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAVerifyResponse]
+      def challenge_and_verify(params)
+        challenge_response = challenge(
+          factor_id: params[:factor_id] || params["factor_id"],
+          channel: params[:channel] || params["channel"]
+        )
+        verify(
+          factor_id: params[:factor_id] || params["factor_id"],
+          challenge_id: challenge_response.id,
+          code: params[:code] || params["code"]
+        )
+      end
+
+      # Unenroll an MFA factor.
+      # @param params [Hash] (:factor_id)
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAUnenrollResponse]
+      def unenroll(params)
+        factor_id = params[:factor_id] || params["factor_id"]
+
+        session = @client.get_session
+        raise Errors::AuthSessionMissing unless session
+
+        data = @client._request("DELETE", "factors/#{factor_id}",
+                                jwt: session.access_token)
+        Types::AuthMFAUnenrollResponse.from_hash(data)
+      end
+
+      # List all MFA factors for the current user.
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAListFactorsResponse] with :all, :totp, :phone arrays
+      def list_factors
+        user_response = @client.get_user
+        factors = user_response&.user&.factors || []
+
+        totp = factors.select { |f| f.factor_type == "totp" && f.status == "verified" }
+        phone = factors.select { |f| f.factor_type == "phone" && f.status == "verified" }
+
+        Types::AuthMFAListFactorsResponse.new(
+          all: factors,
+          totp: totp,
+          phone: phone
+        )
+      end
+
+      # Get the authenticator assurance level from the current session JWT.
+      # @return [Types::AuthMFAGetAuthenticatorAssuranceLevelResponse]
+      def get_authenticator_assurance_level
+        session = @client.get_session
+
+        unless session
+          return Types::AuthMFAGetAuthenticatorAssuranceLevelResponse.new(
+            current_level: nil,
+            next_level: nil,
+            current_authentication_methods: []
+          )
+        end
+
+        decoded = Helpers.decode_jwt(session.access_token)
+        payload = decoded[:payload]
+
+        aal = payload["aal"]
+        amr = payload["amr"] || []
+
+        verified_factors = (session.user&.factors || []).select { |f| f.status == "verified" }
+        next_level = verified_factors.any? ? "aal2" : aal
+
+        Types::AuthMFAGetAuthenticatorAssuranceLevelResponse.new(
+          current_level: aal,
+          next_level: next_level,
+          current_authentication_methods: amr
+        )
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end